Newspaper by participants of YE Xplore Migration

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TODAYS' REALITY -MIGRANTS & REFUGEESWHAT IS HATE SPEECH AND HOW CAN WE COMBAT IT?

HOW COULD WE TACKLE THESE ACTS OF NEGATIVITY?

Hate speech is the use of negative

Together we stand strong. The first point in

expressions towards others. They are

the right direction includes speaking up

created by prejuces and racism often a consequence of taught behaviour. Hate

for our fellow humans. We should not allow any disrespect pointed toward anyone. We are all humans, no matter your

speech can present itself in many ways.

religion, skin color, gender, or any other

It can be in a vocabulary form, but also

characteristic should be a victim of hate speech, therefor we should start to speak

within writing or drawing such as

up and call out unrespectable behavior.

memes, photos, symbols, gestures,

We have to start to use the power of our

words, cartoons etc.

voice. After putting up healthy boundaries

Any creation can be with a wrong

we can support each other.

intention. Therefor even art could be

If we unite we stand stronger. Once

considered to be an act of hate speech.

Hate speech is usually directed at a

somebody is actively standing up against this form of offending, we should support the effort by motivating and joining each

certain target group having the same

other. Join in, and stand strong together. It

characteristics but could also be towards

is very important to educate ourselves

an individual itself. It is negative and

concerning this topic. We have to be able

offensieve and therefor useless

to recognize all forms of hate speech to be capable of tackling it.

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Positive reinforcement instead of hate

environment, therefore we automatically

speech. Once we have the ability to

have our own standards, norms and values.

recognize it we can tackle it and turn it

Due to this we often tend to not have

into positivity! Once we respect one

understanding towards cultures that differ

another and start to value our

from our own. If we were to educate

differences we can create

ourselves on the differences between us it

understanding and respect.

can unite us. If we learn to be open minded it will automatically broeden our horizon.

WHAT IS CULTURAL RELATIVISME AND ETNOCENTRISM?

WHAT IS SOCIAL COHESION?

The meaning of cultural relativism

Social cohesion is the beauty of

comes down to not judging other

connectedness between different

cultures despite the fundamental

cultures in society. It refers to the

differences between them. It is very

strength of living in a multicultural

important to have respect for other cultures other than your own. If we give each other space and accept that our

society. Social cohesion fights for the well-being of each and every citizen,

differences make us, it will stop breaking

regarding the differences of culture,

us instead. Ethnocentrism is the

etniciteit, sexual oriëntation or gender.

definition of judging other cultures for

Social cohesion is being met if we accept

being different. An example could be

one another, have empathy and create

eating Moussaka and hating it due to the

understanding. Social cohesion is

unfamiliarity and difference between your own food from your country.

growing due to global connectiveness.

Therefor we have to learn to live with

Nationalism is also a big part of ethnocentrism, believing that your own country is superior compared to others.

each other. Let’s stop discriminatie, hate speech and prejuces! Learn, understand

We shouldn't allow our differences to

and pass it on! Let’s make this world a

divide us! We are all product of our

pleasant place all together!

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hate speech are a have an impact on them. They mostly end up within the ghetto and are not given opportunities. Creating an effect of being looked down up on, which is unfair.

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HATE SPEECH, RACISM AND VIOLENCE WITHIN NETHERLANDS In the Netherlands discrimination is very common. It is integrated within the society .

Systematic racism occurs and refugees struggle to find a job. Due to the houding problem they are not very accepted. However the system does take proper care of asylum seekers and refugees are given housing, fee to pay the bills and guidance into integrating into society

HATE SPEECH, RACISM AND VIOLENCE WITHIN ROMANIA HATE SPEECH, RACISM AND VIOLENCE WITHIN BULGARIA

Hate speech, racism, and violence are issues that are present in many societies, including Romania.

The Romanian government has taken steps to

Bulgarian people overall have a negative

combat hate speech and discrimination, including

attitude towards refugees. In 2021 10.947

passing laws criminalizing hate speech and

refugees applied and only 150 got accepted.

establishing a National Council for Combating

There are many forms of hate speech occurring

Discrimination. However, there is still much work

within them and the Police department is not

to be done to address these issues and promote

supportive of refugees. Power abuse towards

greater understanding and tolerance among

them is therefore a common consequence. Due

different groups within Romanian society.

According to the latest available data from the

to the political and economical instabilities,

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

they are less welcoming as well.

(UNHCR), as of the end of 2021, there were

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approximately 16,700 refugees and asylum seekers in Romania. The majority of these individuals come from Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan, and many have fled conflict and persecution in their home countries.

HATE SPEECH, RACISM AND VIOLENCE WITHIN EUROPE Overall there are massive differences within the negativity towards refugees per country. In europe we often tend to feel superior compared to refugees.

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Due to europes colonial history it impact our society today. Dividing people into races was historically used in Europe in ‘racial science’ to create a hierarchy. These roots are still visuele, they often struggle to gain Jobs, are not as accepted.

ASYLUM-SEEKER, MIGRANT, EMIGRANT, IMMIGRANT, REFUGEE, IDP – WHAT ARE THOSE AND HOW WE CAN DIFFERENTIATE THEM? Asylum-seeker, migrant, emigrant, immigrant, refugee,

each of these terms and explain how they differ

and IDP are all terms that are commonly used in

from one another. An asylum-seeker is someone

discussions about global migration. While these terms

who has fled their home country and is seeking

are often used interchangeably, they have distinct

protection from persecution or serious harm in

meanings and it is important to understand the

another country. They have not yet been

differences between them. In this essay, we will explore

recognized as a refugee and are awaiting a decision on their asylum claim. Asylum-seekers are

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As teenagers and young person, it is important for us to have a basic understanding of these terms so that we can have informed discussions about global migration issues. We can also use our voices to advocate for policies and practices that respect the rights and dignity of all people, regardless of their migration status. By educating ourselves and speaking out on these issues, we can help create a more just and equitable world for everyone.

RIGHTS OF REFUGEES To start tackling this subject, firstly, we need to

In addition to the right to seek asylum,

ask ourselves how we and our countries integrate

refugees are also entitled to a number of other

refugees into society. Based on countries' policies and

basic rights. These include the right to be free

openness to new ideas and cultures, refugees' rights

from discrimination, the right to access basic

depend. . As they seek safety in other countries, it is

services such as healthcare and education, and the

essential that their rights are protected and upheld Any

right to work and earn a living. Refugees also

essential that their rights are protected and upheld. Any actions taken to ensure that the rights of refugees are fully respected are considered to be part of refugee protection. Protection entails fostering an atmosphere that values human dignity, avoiding and/or reducing the

have the right to freedom of movement and the right to be protected from arbitrary detention.

It is firmly believed by ECRE (European Council on Refugees and Exiles) are widely spread in Europe that the key factor for refugees’

immediate impacts of a particular pattern of abuse, and

integration is offering them citizenship. This

reestablishing respectable living conditions via

facilitates the incorporation policy and assuming

reparation, restitution, and rehabilitation.

full membership of the refugee in the sustainable

The Universal Declaration of Human

asylum society. The citizenship right includes the

Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948,

removal or at least the reduction of legal obstacles

recognizes that all individuals are entitled to certain

against naturalization, such as the minimum

inalienable rights. These rights are not limited to citizens

period of residence when it exceeds five years or

of a particular country but extend to all human beings

requirements such as proof of the loss of former

regardless of their nationality, race, or religion. Among

citizenship and permission granted to people to

these rights are the rights of refugees.

regain their original nationality when possible.

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of the community in which they live b) creating an environment economic, social,

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is from three months to three years. Sometimes, enrollment in these courses is mandatory for those

cultural and physical, accessible and welcoming for

who benefit from social assistance. In other

refugees

countries, there are no free language learning programs

Access to the labor market Only a few European countries allow asylum seekers to work during the asylum procedure. Some countries grant the right to work after 6 months from submitting the asylum application; in others, differentiated rights are granted, in the sense of the type of work to which they are entitled and the duration of employment. After obtaining refugee status, most Convention refugees automatically have the right to work. In addition to receiving a work permit, asylum seekers should be assisted in facilitating access to the job market and participation in minimum vocational training. Family members of refugees should also benefit from the same treatment as the main applicant.

The right to education

The right to housing The right to medical assistance

Education is an important tool for adaptation and social integration55. Education promotes the individual development of refugees while improving their chances of contributing to the host society through employment. Some states organize language courses for refugees as an integral part of integration programs for newcomers. The duration of these courses

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Migration challenges in Europe-reality, effects and prospects What are some challenges to migration?

Here are the most significant issues facing migrants today – and what you can do to tackle them.

Language Barriers (difficulty for people communicating because they speak different languages) Lack of Employment Opportunities Joblessness results in the following consequences: poor health, illiteracy, frustration, and depression among youth, lack of peace in the families, discrimination, loss of skills, and loss of self-esteem.

Housing Access to Medical Services.

In European nations, undocumented immigrants and refugees often face significant barriers to accessing healthcare services.

Furthermore, language barriers and cultural differences can also make it difficult for migrants

Transportation Issues.

Transportation issues can also be a significant challenge for migrants, who may be forced to leave their homes due to political, economic, or environmental factors. Some transportation issues that affect migrants include: Lack of safe and legal transportation (Many migrants are forced to rely on smugglers or human traffickers to cross borders, putting them at risk of exploitation, violence, or death); Inadequate transportation infrastructure (Poor roads, limited access to public transportation, and inadequate border crossings can make it difficult for migrants to move safely and efficiently); Cost (they have limited financial resources); Discrimination (Migrants may face discrimination or harassment while traveling, including being denied access to transportation or being subjected to racial profiling); Displacement(Migrants may be forced to move multiple times, often without adequate transportation or support, which can exacerbate their vulnerability)

to communicate effectively with healthcare providers or understand the healthcare system in their host country.

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their vulnerability).

Cultural Differences.

Some cultural differences that can affect migrants include

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0. Language: Migrants may struggle to communicate with others due to language barriers, which can make it difficult to access

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Effects of migrations Brain Drain for origin country

services, find employment, or build social

Brain drain refers to the emigration of highly skilled

connections.

and educated individuals from their home country to

0. Social norms: The social norms and values of

other countries in search of better opportunities. Brain

the host society may differ significantly from

drain can have significant negative effects on the origin

those of the migrant's home culture, which can

country, particularly in terms of human capital

lead to misunderstandings or conflict.

development and economic growth.

0. Food and dietary restrictions: Migrants may struggle to find food that meets their dietary needs, particularly if they have specific cultural or religious dietary restrictions.

0. Education: Children of migrant families may struggle to adapt to the education system of the host country, particularly if the curriculum 1.nd teaching methods differ significantly from those of their home country.

0. Healthcare: Migrants may have different cultural beliefs and practices related to health and illness, which can affect their access to and use of healthcare services.Bottom of Form

Raising Children.

Prejudice.

Prejudice against migrants in Europe is a complex issue that is influenced by a range of factors, including economic, political, and social conditions. Some common forms of prejudice against migrants in Europe include: Xenophobia, Discrimination, Stereotyping, Lack of integration.

Political tensions at borders regarding refugees and asylum seekers.

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Vhat are the benefits of taking part in Erasmus plus project? Why young people shall join such project?

The good things about participating in Erasmus+ is that you get to meet new people from diffrent countries which lets us build a diffrent oppinion while hearing a diffrent views by hearing how their countries deal wit the theme of the problem we talk about. You also aquire good benefits like public speeking in english witout being judged for mistakes and other misspells.You also acquire a Youth Pass which can help you alot if you are going to an European university.

In Erasmus usually are picked younger people because they are the new generation and they will be the future of our world. And that way we can all hear the oppinion of young minds from all over the world.

How is the life of a refugee different from an ordinary person ?

The life of a refugee is vastly different from that of an ordinary person. Refugees are people who have fled their home countries due to persecution, conflict, or violence, and are seeking protection and safety in a new country. The experience of being a refugee is marked by uncertainty, insecurity, and trauma.

One of the biggest differences between the life of a refugee and that of an ordinary person is the lack of security and stability. Refugees often leave their homes with little more than the clothes on their backs and must rely on the support of aid agencies and host communities to meet their basic needs. This can include access to food, shelter, and healthcare, which may be limited or unavailable in the country they have fled. The uncertainty of not knowing what the future holds, where they will live, and whether they will be able to rebuild their lives in a new country, can be overwhelming and stressful.

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Link: Most Shocking Second-a-Day Video - YouTube Refugees also face significant social and cultural challenges when they arrive in a new country.

They may not speak the language or understand the customs of the host country, which can make it difficult to navigate everyday life. They may also face discrimination or hostility from members of the host community, who may see them as a burden or a threat. This can lead to feelings of isolation and alienation, which can further exacerbate the trauma of displacement Another difference between the life of a refugee and that of an ordinary person is the experience of trauma. Many refugees have experienced violence, persecution, or the loss of loved ones, which can have long-lasting effects on their mental and emotional health. This can manifest in symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can make it difficult for refugees to adjust to their new lives in a new country.

Despite the many challenges that refugees face, they are often resilient and resourceful in the face of adversity. Many refugees are able to rebuild their lives and make valuable contributions to their new communities, through work, education, and cultural exchange. However, it is important for host countries and international organizations to provide the support and resources needed to help refugees integrate and thrive in their new homes.