USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Nevada and Eastern Sierra Normals Dashboard On October 1, 2021 the NRCS updated its 30-year normals period from 1981-2010 to 1991-2020. The NRCS uses normals in a variety of products to represent data as a percent of normal. Changing normals impacts percentages and requires users to re-calibrate themselves. Visit this link for a video presentation and presentation slides showing highlights of how the normals update impacts Nevada:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/snow/ products/?cid=NRCSEPRD1848428 Key Points about 1991-2020 Normals in Nevada:
• The median is the new default normal used in all NRCS products. • Most 1991-2020 medians for snow, precipitation and streamflow in Nevada are less than 1981-2010 normals (exceptions exist). • The main impact of a smaller normal is it produces a larger percentage. • The reason 1991-2020 medians are less than the 1981-2010 normals is due to a combination of shifting the climate periods (1981-2010 to 1991-2020) and the statistical change from average to median. • Streamflow forecasts have been re-calibrated with 1991-2020 data. • New medians do NOT change SNOTEL data collection methods.
Tips for Adjusting to New 1991-2020 Medians
• Pay attention to how percentages are reported – median vs. average. External sources may mis-label data. • Don’t expect as much water from a given percentage snowpack. • Think like a water manager. Concentrate on streamflow volumes not on percentages. • Investigate the new normals using the tools lower on the webpage. • Use tools comparing current data with historic years w/o percentages. View some New Normals Slides on page 19 ///
IN THIS ISSUE 2 USDA | Visit the Nevada New Normals Dashboard
3 NCA President’s Perspective
23 Public Lands Council The Daily Roundup
24 NFB - Grassroots Newsletter
4 NCA Roundup Year in Review 26 UNR - Immortal Trees
4 NCA 2021 Convention Awards 27 UNR - Critical Snow Cover 8 NBC Checkoff News Year in Review 9 NBC Beef Recipe
10 Eye on the Outside - Reprint 13 Budd-Falen Law Offices Editorial “The Government” 14 Nevada CattleWomen
15 Let’s Talk Ag - Editorial
16 Society for Range Management “Wildlife Habit Rehabilitation” 19 USDA - NRCS - New Normal 20 NFB - “Time to Plan for Sage Grouse Conservation...Again” 22 NFB - Annual NFB Meeting 22 NFB - YF&R Program
27 UNR - Andrew Hess Makes Genetic Herd Improvements
28 UNR - Cattlemen’s Update returns in 7 Nevada locations 28 Gelbvieh & Balancer Cattle 29 Wells FFA Wins Western National Rangeland CDE
31 In Memory: John David Secrist 32 American Hereford Assoc. “Understanding EPDS”
34 Fallon Ranch Rodeo Results
36 EPD and $Value Definitions How to Read the Report 38 Cowbelles | “Trisket” Recipe 39 HDGrange | Quilts of Valor
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Jon & Chillz
president's perspective Four score and six years ago, our forefathers established the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association..... uh... hmmm. I’m Jon Griggs and I’m your new president of the Association and with this column I will always struggle with being presidential but I will try to enlighten you on Industry matters. Although this may be fake news because as of this writing, I haven’t been officially elected yet. Past President Tom Barnes pawned this month’s column off on me before our Convention and in two years of his service, it’s the only time I’ve faulted him. We owe him a BIG debt of gratitude for doing the work of the Association in such challenging times! I will endeavor to continue the efforts he and leadership before him have accomplished in engaging our elected and appointed officials at all levels in order to promote a dynamic and profitable Nevada beef industry. I am honored, humbled, and grateful for your support and with the help of our staff, it’s full speed ahead!
Jon Griggs
Jon Griggs | President, NCA
THANK YOU TOM BARNES! Special Feeder Sales January 11 Feb 8 March 8
BULL SALE Feb 19 starts at 11am For info about our Team Roping, please visit FallonLivestock.com www.progressiverancher.com
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JANUARY 2022 3
by Martin Paris | NCA Executive Director | O: 775-738-9214
2021 NCA Year In Review
This year seemed to fly by, but not without some ups and down along the way. The Nevada livestock industry faced a drought like many of us have never seen before. If there was a silver lining, it seemed that the drought was so bad that our fire season was much less severe than in past years and that is something to be thankful for. The storms that much of Nevada saw at the end of October and again in December were much needed and hopefully continue through the winter. I can’t write a recap of 2021 without mentioning COVID-19. It’s hard to fathom, but the first case in the U.S. was reported on January 20, 2020. I never thought we would still be experiencing its impact nearly two years later. While in-person meetings and events seem to be slowly but surely coming back, there is no doubt that “normal” is taking its sweet time. As things remain out of whack, the NCA has taken to heart the unofficial Marine Corps mantra “improvise, adapt and overcome”. I’m proud of the work that NCA has done through it all. It’s not always easy, but it’s always worth it. Over the past year NCA held a successful 55th Annual Fallon All-Breeds Bull Sale. Sixty-four bulls went through the sale at an average of $4,245. In conjunction with the sale, the Stock Dog Trials also had another
successful year as well. I’d like to thank our Fallon Bull Sale Committee for all the work they put into hosting a top-notch event and look forward to the 56th Annual Sale on February 19th, 2022. We also survived the 81st Session of Nevada’s Legislature. This year’s session was unlike any other with much of the Legislative Session being conducted virtually. The format proved to be difficult for everyone involved. While we didn’t win every battle, I’m happy to report that the livestock industry came out the other side relatively unscathed. I’d like to thank our lobbyist, Neena Laxalt, Legislative Affairs Committee Chair, Davy Stix, and NCA’s Board of Directors and Officers for their work during this year’s session. It was an all hands-on-deck operation, and we are lucky to have the group that we do. NCA was also engaged on several different issues throughout the year with our federal and state partners. Whether it be federal tax code, animal disease traceability, habitat conservation, brand inspections or the many other topics that arose; NCA had a seat at the table to ensure that we can continue doing what we love, raising high qualify beef. We also had representation in Nashville, Tennessee for the NCBA Cattle Industry
Incoming President Jon Griggs (L) presents outgoing President Tom Barnes (R) with a buckle
4 JANUARY 2022
Convention and the Public Lands Council Annual Meeting held earlier this fall. Both of which provided an opportunity for livestock producers to come together to learn new things and create paths forward regarding many of the issues the industry is facing today. One last thank you goes out to outgoing NCA President, Tom Barnes. Tom took the reins of the Association during a tumultuous time and has led the charge with poise and grace. We recognize and appreciate all of his countless hours spent for the betterment of Nevada’s beef industry. As we move into 2022 there will undoubtedly be new challenges. Now more than ever it’s important that we protect, promote, and preserve our heritage and the ranching way of life. We encourage you to invite your friends, neighbors, and associates to join the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association and learn more about our association and what we do. Please feel free to contact the NCA office for more information at 1-775-738-9214 or visit www. nevadacattlmen.org. I look forward to seeing you all in 2022!
2021 NCA Cattleman of the Year Recipient- Sam Mori L to R - Kelly Barnes, Sam Mori, Tom Barnes
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2021 NCA Annual Convention | Elko, NV | Dec 9-11, 2021 A big thank you to our sponsors, trade show exhibitors, and all that attended!
Photo Credits: Anthony Mori
President Tom Barnes (R) presents Demar Dahl (L) with the 100,000 Mile Club Award
President Tom Barnes (R) presents Pete Mori (L) with the 2021 President’s Award
Davy Stix Jr (L) accepts the Allied Industry Award from President Tom Barnes (R) on behalf of S & L Trailers.
President Tom Barnes (L) presents Lucy Rechel (R) with the 2021 President’s Award
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JANUARY 2022 5
2021 NCA Annual Convention | Elko, NV | Dec 9-11, 2021 A big thank you to our sponsors, trade show exhibitors, and all that attended!
Photo Credits: Anthony Mori
President Tom Barnes (L) presents Nelo Mori (R) with the 2021 NCA Hall of Honor Award
(L) Sue Hoffman (NV Agricultural Foundation), (R) Tom Barnes and 2021 NCA’s Teacher of the Year, Jenny Albisu (Center)
2021 NCA Hall of Honor Award Recipient - John Falen (Accepted by Lloyd and Sharon Sherburn) L to R J.J. Goicoechea, Sharon Sherburn, Lloyd Sherburn, Tom Barnes
PLC Executive Director, Kaitlynn Glover, speaking at the Inspirational Breakfast 2021 NCA Annual Convention
www.nevadacattlemen.org | nevadacattlemen 6 JANUARY 2022
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BU
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Saturday March 12, 2022 Bull Buyers Seminar and The Bull Sale Bash Dinner & Dance
Anthony Angus • Dan Bell & Family Herefords • Bishop Cattle Cardey Ranches • Dixie Valley • Easterly Romanov Ranch • Genoa Livestock Gudel Cattle Co • Hertlein Cattle Company • Hone Ranch Jorgensen Charolais • Lancaster Ranch • Phillips Red Angus Flying RJ Ranch • Romans Brangus and Angus • Steve Smith Angus & Gelbvieh Trotter Red Angus • Westwind Angus
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JANUARY 2022 7
Stockmanship & Stewardship Comes to Elko
Jay Dalton
Reflections on 2021 by Jay Dalton | NBC Chair As we launch into another year, I’m pleased to be able to share with you some of the Nevada Beef Council’s highlights from 2021. As chair of the NBC, I am honored to work alongside a great group of producers who represent you as volunteer board members of the organization, and with a staff that is dedicated to keeping beef at the center of the plate for all Nevadans. For those of you who attended the Nevada Cattlemen’s Convention last month, you likely got the chance to see a brief video produced by the NBC that highlights just some of the activities and results from the past year.
In July of 2021, Nevada was home to one of the premier producer education events in the country, a Stockmanship & Stewardship Clinic offering a unique educational experience featuring lowstress cattle handling demonstrations, Beef Quality Assurance educational sessions, industry updates, and realistic strategies to enhance producer’s commitment to stockmanship and stewardship in their own operations. The event was unique in that it was a collaboration of two national educational programs – the American National Cattlewomen’s Women in Ranching Education and Development (WIRED) and the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association Stockmanship & Stewardship program, partially funded by the Beef Checkoff, featuring worldrenowned clinicians. We welcomed dozens of Nevada producers to the two-day event, which was made possible by the hard work and involvement of a number of state organizations, including the Nevada Cattlewomen, the Nevada Beef Council, Nevada Cattlemen’s Association, and the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension, as well as the involvement of a number of individuals including clinicians Ron Gill, Curt Pate, Dean Fish, and Nevada’s BQA coordinator Ron Torrell, all of whom contributed their time and talents to the event. It was an honor for Nevada to be selected as one of the host states for this event, and I know all those who worked on it made our beef industry proud.
8 JANUARY 2022
Nevada Beef Council Board • Jay Dalton, Wells, Chair (cow-calf) • John Jackson, Tuscarora, Vice Chair (cow-calf) • Keri Pommerening, Smith Valley, Secretary/Treasurer (cow-calf) • Annalyn Settelmeyer, Gardnerville (cow-calf) • Ted Christoph, Fallon (dairy) • Bernard Petersen, Ely (cow-calf) • Lucy Rechel, Yerington (feeder)
Fueling Gameday with BEEF Every year, the NBC also works to pull off an integrating marketing campaign that targets the Reno and Las Vegas markets with efforts and messaging to boost beef sales. This year, we launched a campaign that focused on tailgating and inspired consumers to add beef to the grill on gameday. Like similar NBC efforts in years past, this campaign involved various digital and broadcast advertising elements, a cost-sharing partnership with a complementary brand, and cost-savings offers to further encourage Nevada consumers to reach for beef at the meat case. This particular campaign included a partnership with E & J Gallo’s Black Box® Wine brand. As part of the co-branded campaign, consumers could save $5.00 on beef by purchasing Black Box Wines and beef products together – a perfect combination for tailgating events.
If you didn’t get a chance to attend or see that particular presentation, the video is available on our website, at www.NevadaBeef.org. But I wanted to take this opportunity to provide a bit more detail and context about our efforts over the last year, because there’s a lot that’s been happening on your behalf. From the ranch, it’s sometimes hard to see or fully appreciate the amount of work that goes into promoting beef in Nevada, so I hope this gives you a good sense of just what your Beef Checkoff dollars have been accomplishing on your behalf for the past 12 months.
NBC LEADERSHIP AT WORK FOR YOU
What’s more, E & J Gallo fully funded the offer redemption, helping stretch Nevada beef producers’ checkoff investment further.
Dean Fish & Ron Gill
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Throughout the duration of the six-week campaign, which took place in September and October of 2021, nearly 400 radio spots aired in the Las Vegas market, garnering nearly 1.1 million impressions. Additionally, streaming audio ads targeting the Reno market resulted in an additional 315,875 impressions. www.progressiverancher.com
Courtesy of Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner.
BEEFY SWEET & SLOPPY JOES Western States Campaign Over the summer grilling months, a nationally funded campaign also targeted Nevada consumers. The national Beef Checkoff funded a Western U.S. States campaign targeted to Nevada, California, Oregon, Washington, Arizona and Idaho, showing Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. ads over 11.6 million times, which adds to the impact of state-funded campaigns that take place throughout the year. The campaign included three primary elements. The first was a YouTube advertising portion that included grilling-focused video ads as well as a “substituting beef is beyond impossible” video, which garnered more than 523,684 impressions and 353,680 video views in Nevada specifically. Secondly, audio ads on the popular music streaming app Spotify garnered over 2.65 million impressions and over 2.48 audio listens nationally. Finally, a Google search campaign promoted recipes and grilling content on BIWFD.com, providing consumers with inspiration, information and confidence when cooking their next beef meal. That component resulted in 25,288 impressions and 1,509 click-thrus in Nevada alone.
Showcasing Beef’s Nutritional Punch And finally, focusing on beef ’s nutrition is another priority for the NBC each year. Our staff includes a registered dietitian, Kori Dover, who works to connect with and provide reliable beef nutrition resources to the health and nutrition community in Nevada. Her position is funded by the Kansas and Nebraska beef councils, which further stretches the limited funding of the Nevada Beef Council. This year’s work in the nutrition realm included participation in the Nevada Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics’ annual meeting, and publication of beef nutrition information and recipes in a health and wellness magazine that was distributed to medical offices throughout Northern Nevada. Visit www.nevadabeef.org/nutrition to see the helpful resources and messaging about beef ’s health that the NBC has available to you. I hope this run-down gives you a good sense of all the work happening each year, and this year in particular. On behalf of the NBC board, I want to thank you for your hard work to ensure Nevada’s beef industry continues to thrive. We are proud to work on your behalf and are committed to ensuring our messages continue to reach consumers. www.progressiverancher.com
This is a very quick (under 30 minutes!), kid-friendly recipe with a great name. Sweet bell peppers give it the sweet, and as for the sloppy, well, that’s the whole sandwich. Who doesn’t like to bite into a Sloppy Joe? This Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. recipe is certified by the American Heart Association®.
Ingredients • 1 pound Ground Beef (96% lean)
• 1 cup chopped yellow, green or red bell pepper • 3/4 cup finely chopped onion
• 1 can or bottle (12 ounces) 100% vegetable juice • 2 tablespoon lightly-packed brown sugar • 1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce
• 4 whole wheat hamburger buns, split
Preparation 1. Heat large nonstick skillet over medium heat until hot. Add Ground Beef, bell pepper and onion; cook 8 to 10 minutes, breaking beef up into 3/4-inch crumbles and stirring occasionally. Cook’s Tip: Cooking times are for fresh or thoroughly thawed Ground Beef. Ground Beef should be cooked to an internal temperature of 160ºF. Color is not a reliable indicator of Ground Beef doneness. 2. Stir in vegetable juice, brown sugar and Worcestershire sauce; bring to a boil. Reduce heat; simmer, uncovered, 7 to 9 minutes or until most of the liquid has evaporated and thickens slightly, stirring occasionally. 3. Evenly place beef mixture on bottom half of each bun; close sandwich with top bun, serve and enjoy.
www.nevadabeef.org www.mybeefcheckoff.org
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JANUARY 2022 9
Reprint from April 2012 Some things are so logical and filled with reason they proverbially go in one ear and out the other without completely registering their meaning. Let me try an example on you I first heard as a boy so many years ago it is hard to believe I still remember it but for the fact it continues to be repeated on a regular basis. “Why would we harm this land/ this resource? We grow our crops on it/ raise our livestock on its forage. If we mistreated it we would be harming our own livelihood. It would go against our best interests to do something to make this resource produce less than its optimum capability.” Does this or something very close to this sound familiar to you? I would venture to say many of you have said words very close to this at some point in the past. And who wouldn’t say something similar to this if their motives for doing things were attacked by people who have no notion of the reasons certain things are done in a certain way, or there have been gross misrepresentations made by people or groups of people who want to destroy what you do with the property you own. This is a hint at the premise of why a person would say the words quoted above. The basis for such statements is the very human tendency to protect, enhance or preserve their own property. A corollary to this is the profit motive. If it is your business to utilize your property by placing it into production, you do so with the incentive to make a profit which provides you with a livelihood. In other words, you don’t 10 JANUARY 2022
destroy your means of production because you won’t be in business anymore if you do. Producers of nonrenewable resources such as mining companies do deplete the resource, it is true, but they use part of their profits to develop more means of production and given modern environmental rules they do so with the least harm to the environment as possible. However, this is a livestock magazine, so I am writing about the use of renewable resources to produce a product. If grass is my resource and I use it as forage for my livestock, why would I go out of my way to destroy the very thing I depend upon for my livelihood? Well I wouldn’t and neither would you. Most ranchers seek to preserve, protect and enhance the natural resources they and their animals depend upon. I will concede there are some who don’t do this. However, over time, more and more ranchers understand either through education, practical experience or a combination of both there are more progressive, scientific ways to operate their ranches than the ways employed by their grandparents. I also admit there have been abuses in the past and greed overtook rationality in some cases. Over a hundred years ago we saw an onslaught on the western ranges and a misunderstanding that the resource was more capable than it actually was. Thus, for instance, in the late 1880s the northern ranges were overgrazed, no provision was made for winter feed and after several very mild winters, tens of thousands of cattle died when a severe winter swept down from the arctic. Did northern plains
ranchers repeat the mistakes which caused whole herds of cattle to die off? No, of course not. They learned what a reasonable carrying capacity was for their ranges and they raised hay for winter supplemental feeding. Now, these areas are more productive than they ever have been, and the resource upon which the ranchers depend for their livelihood is protected and sustainable. Furthermore, every area of human endeavor has seen advances in the last hundred years. We have hand held communication devices and computers we can fit in a pocket, take a picture and send it from Tonopah to Tokyo in an instant. Then, we barely had a telephone, no slide rules and you needed a pack mule to carry a camera. Do the critics of livestock grazing really believe there have been no advances in range science and natural resource production and protection in the last one hundred years? Do critics of big production agriculture really believe that plant and crop science advances have been made so the producers of food can harm mankind? Apparently, this is the case because, at least, in my experience, ranchers in the west who depend on the public ranges are the butt of continual criticism from uninformed or purposefully misleading environmental groups who want to end livestock grazing on land which might be in the public domain, but which in many cases is exactly the same kind of land held in private hands. We all know the agenda, but my real pet peeve here is the members of the public who put their own beliefs in the profit motive incentive
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and protection and enhancement of property rights on hold when, without thinking, they accept the notion that a rancher would harm his or her self interest by destroying their means of production. We have all seen variations of the map which shows federal land ownership comparisons among the states. If you haven’t seen one lately, go to the U.S. General Services Administration, Federal Real Property Profile for a real eye opener. According to this source, the average federal land ownership among the eleven western states excluding Alaska is over 48%. Nevada is the highest with 84.5 % in this diagram but estimates go as high as 89%, according to some other sources. In a recent article in a respected natural resource oriented magazine, the federal government controls over 30% of the landmass of the United States. There are many arguments for questioning the constitutionality of this large federal ownership of so much land, but that is not the purpose of this column. Also, I would argue the federal government has a place in the protection of certain natural resource treasures against development such as the Grand Canyon, Yosemite and the Everglades. I am even in favor of some National Monuments but certainly not ones such as the Grand StaircaseEscalante National Monument with over 1.6 million acres set aside from any resource production. Also, in that same article it was stated the BLM and Forest Service employ over 40,000 people managing some 446,000,000 acres of land. Many of www.progressiverancher.com
Sleeping Hay you have experienced dealings with these folks which border on the irrational. Instead of a profit motive, and at times at the expense of decisions which are best for the resource, the federal land managers defy logic and respond to outside pressure and the threat of lawsuits to manage the resource. Decisions which a private party would make in a matter of days can take months or even years. To their credit, many of the personnel working for these agencies decry this irrationality but good bureaucrats must follow the system rather than a more logical, reasonable approach to solving problems A good current example is the attempt to come up with a plan to help restore the sage brush steppe to help prevent the sage grouse from being listed as an endangered species, the agencies can’t see the forest for the trees in front of their faces and accept the notion in their publications that grazing interference is a cause of sage grouse decline in the face of obvious facts. Some of these facts are that predation from ravens and other protected bird species and coyotes and cause much more harm than livestock grazing to the survival of the bird’s hatch. Another significant harm to the sage grouse is the west wide incursion of pinion/ juniper forests crowding out the traditional sage brush steppe because of the more than a century policy of the agencies to stop the normal wildfire cycle which kept these forests in balance with the rest of the ecological system. Because of this fire suppression policy, wildfires on the grasslands now burn hotter and when they are through, the brush resource is gone and invasive species such as cheat grass take over for the next fire to burn even hotter. This is because the agencies have relatively inflexible rules about early season grazing which fails to account for the growth patterns of certain plants such as an annual like cheat grass versus perennial plants that need maturity before they are grazed. Moreover, the almost 50% reduction in livestock AUMs in the last 50 years has resulted in excessive fuel loads accumulating on the ranges which help to exacerbate the intensity and size of lightning and man- caused fires. Much of the above, of course, is not news to ranchers who graze on the public ranges. For instance, sheep ranchers see sage grouse in large numbers over www.progressiverancher.com
some of their ranges because they are more actively involved in predator control especially in the areas where they lamb. With fewer coyotes and more hands on involvement with ewes who are more prone to giving birth to twins and even triplets than cows, even predators such as ravens are kept away just because of the presence of more humans. In such areas more sage grouse are seen because one of the chief causes of hatch mortality is taken out of the picture. Therefore, common sense would tell the observer to do more predator control if the goal is to have more sage grouse. The myth persists that livestock are one of the chief causes of the decline of the sage grouse when the agencies admit negative impacts from grazing are way down on the list of factors far below invasive plant species and sage grouse predators. So to bring us back to a cliché which adequately explains things, livestock producers (property owners with a profit incentive) and federal agency personnel are on the horns of a dilemma. The agencies should recognize that producers have no reason to harm the resource which provides their livelihood. They should ignore the misrepresentations of a very vocal minority and confirm on the ground what much of the science has already proven, properly managed grazing is a tool which can enhance and protect the whole resource, including in the instant case, sage grouse. Private property interests should be more vocal in asserting what logic and reason have proven throughout history; if allowed to exist in a relatively unfettered environment, the resources devoted to a profit making enterprise will be protected and sustained. I am not arguing for eliminating regulation, just a loosening of an overly restrictive and regulated business climate. The public can have its “land”. I don’t think it is feasible or possible to go back to the policies which existed in this country prior to the passage of the Federal Lands Policy Management Act. So let’s have the pendulum swing a little bit back towards a more rational recognition of the part private property incentives can play in land management policies. If we do this everyone, including the critics of federal lands grazing, might be pleasantly surprised. I’ll see you soon. The Progressive Rancher
The winter sun glows off the field of sleeping hay all gold and shone of another day long ago many months away It was hot and the fiery rays came down to stay as if to say we are forever it is our way Growing a crop now stored, piled high waiting for the cattle ‘neath the cold dim sky Soon it will green up, show its life again But for now well just view it as it once had been Radiant and reflecting all creation resting now quiet but just for a spell by Joseph Guild December 2010 all rights reserved JANUARY 2022 11
GRASS UP TO YOUR SHOULDERS 5 1/2Ton/ 1st Cutting
(AND WE’RE SHORT ON WATER!) *Jerry Hoagland, Seven High Ranch, Reynolds Creek, Owyhee Co, Idaho
MACBETH MEADOW BROME We run out of creek water about June 1, and Macbeth still kicked out the tons. We had to raise the swather to get through it! Of the five meadow bromes on the market, Macbeth is the only one that excels on dryland or low water. A meadow brome will always be your highest yielding grass! Macbeth will have leaves about as wide as barley.
New Seeding
Macbeth with 360-D dryland alfalfa * Black Ranches/ Bruneau, Idaho
* 360-D was chosen for it’s longevity
Greenway Seeds
Caldwell, Idaho www.greenwayseed.com Alan cell: 208-250-0159 Message: 208-454-8342
Alan Greenway Seedsman Over 50 years Experience
12 JANUARY 2022
$
3.50/lb
(USD) - Free Shipping on 2000 lbs. or more!
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Opinion Editorial - The Government’s Word: Should We Trust it By Sarah Falen | Budd-Falen Law Offices, LLC
Americans trust the U.S. government less and less. In fact, according to the Edelman Trust Barometer, trust in the federal government hovers around 40%. Yet, with the revocation of the Trump Administration’s rule that prohibits prosecution for accidentally harming migratory birds under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), the Biden Administration is asking citizens to do just that, “trust” the federal government. People involved in industries such as energy or agriculture have a clear understanding of how environmental legislation, originally passed with the best intention, has been weaponized to negatively affect their livelihoods. One of the lesser known, but just as dangerous environmental swords is the MBTA. While it is easy to see that energy industries, such as oil and gas, wind or even solar would be impacted by the Biden decision, this Act has the potential for very serious impacts on the agriculture industry. The MBTA is a statute that allows for the criminal prosecution of any person who “incidentally takes” a migratory bird. To understand the breath of this Act, there are two important concepts. First, nearly all birds in the U.S. are considered migratory. Second, what constitutes an “incidental take.” The MBTA states that “it [is] unlawful at any time, … to pursue, hunt, take, capture, kill, … any migratory bird…” 16 U.S.C. § 703(a). If you read that language, it would make sense that this Act is referring to someone who intends to kill a migratory bird. That commonsense reading is what the Trump MBTA rule enforced…only those engaged in an action that purposefully “takes” a migratory bird would be subject to fines and prison time. This is not how the Biden Administration reads that language.
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According to the Biden Administration, even if a person is doing something that accidentally harms a migratory bird, that person can still be criminally liable. Thus, someone can be prosecuted for an action or inaction that is otherwise legal, but just so happens to “take” a migratory bird. We should all be concerned about the Biden Administration allowing “incidental take” to be prosecuted because there is no limit on what can be prosecuted. This means that if a farmer uses a pesticide that is legally administered and a migratory bird just so happens to ingest that pesticide, he could be subject to criminal prosecution. The MBTA allows for up to a $5,000 fine or six months in prison for an incidental take. The scenarios under which a person can accidentally kill a migratory bird are infinite and can be ridiculous. Yet, the government expects us to believe that they will only prosecute “foreseeable” accidental killings of migratory birds. It is foreseeable that a bird can ingest a legally administered pesticide. Are farmers now risking prison time for growing the food that feeds America and the world?
The Biden Administration has entertained the idea of an “incidental take permit” that might remove some of the liability for birds that are accidentally killed, however they have not developed the idea enough to know what the permit would look like. There aren’t any standards for what actions would be exempt from liability under the permit system and the MBTA office doesn’t have enough staff to begin handling the undoubtedly thousands of permit applications they will receive. The government has often implemented rules, promising it will not take advantage of its authority, but time after time this has proven to be just a way to get a rule approved or legislation passed. From wolves and grizzly bears to ever changing definitions of “navigable waters,” the government has proven that its word should not be trusted and the MBTA is no exception.
Nevada Water Solutions LLC Water Rights / Resource Permitting Expertise
Thomas K. Gallagher, PE 775•825•1653 / FAX 775•825•1683 333 Flint Street / Reno, NV 89501 tomg@nevadawatersolutions.com The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 13
By Madison Bowers, President Happy New Year! I hope everyone had a great holiday season. I personally am excited to have the fresh start of a new year. I would like to briefly introduce myself. I am Madison Bowers, new President for the Nevada CattleWomen. I am a Nevada native, I attended college in Wyoming and Idaho before moving back home to finish my accounting degree online. I live and work on my family’s cowcalf operation in Elko County, along with using my degree on the side. I have some big goals for my presidency and am excited to touch on those next month. Please feel free to contact me with any questions, concerns, or just to say hi at hoopermaddi@gmail.com.
This month I would to discuss the past state convention, introduce you to your 2022 Nevada CattleWomen state officers, discuss the Winter Field Day, and give a couple of quick thank-yous. We were able to have our annual Nevada Cattlemen’s Association Convention in Elko in December. It was such a great time to be together and see everyone. Nevada CattleWomen started off with our board of directors meeting Thursday evening and our general membership meeting Friday morning. The general membership meeting had a few guest speakers. Starting with a quick legislative update from Martin Paris, Executive Director at Nevada Cattlemens. Evelyn Green, the ANCW President, traveled all the way from Alabama and was a true joy to listen to her. Clarie Kehoe and Nicole Zahrt did a quick overview of the current Farm Loans. The meeting moved on to normal policy and procedures with a budget overview, committee reports and upcoming events. The Presidents Award was given to Janice Connelly during the general membership meeting. Janice has been involved with CattleWomen for a few years and is a major asset. We are so appreciative of everything she has done on the National, State and Local level. She is a true icon to the association we are so lucky to have been graced with her knowledge and presence. “Thank You” is simply not enough for all the time and effort she has put out. Left: Janice Connelley with her “President’s Awards” - Right: Melinda Sarman with her “Past President Plaque”
At the end of our membership meeting, the election for the 2022 state officers was held. Our Nevada CattleWomen officer team for 2022 is the following: Madison Bowers | Elko, NV | President
Keri Pommerening | Wellington, NV | President Elect Charmi Mitchell | Wellington, NV | Vice President Emily Fulstone | Smith, NV | Secretary
Ana Dagenhart | Genoa, NV | Treasurer Julie Irish | Elko, NV| Parliamentarian
Along with the convention we were able to host our Nevada CattleWomen’s Winter Field Day. This is an event we host during the same time as convention. The goal of this event is to allow youth to compete and attend convention, hoping they will gain an understanding of agricultural events beyond high school. Charmi Mitchell went above and beyond this year to put on this event. The COVID restrictions has made it extremely difficult for FFA students to compete in their normal competitions, most that attended had never competed before. We were able to host speaking contests, veterinary science, ag sales, and a Cattle Contest. We cannot wait to grow this event and love adding in the beef focus to each contest. Thank you, Melinda Sarman, for all your hard work the past couple of years. The cards were definitely stacked against you many times and you persevered and were able to truly make the most of it. Melinda was able to get our Women In Ranching Education and Development (WIRED) program off the ground and held an amazing event last July. Melinda also worked hard on bringing back/starting youth programs. The NCW Winter Field Day and our Collegiate Beef Advocacy program are thriving due to her time and effort. We are thankful Melinda is leading the revision of our long term plan during her term as Past President. Lastly, I would like to remind everyone that our national meeting will be held in Houston, TX from January 30th - February 1st, 2022. There is also rumor of the ANCW summer meeting moving from Denver to Reno; more information to come on that in the days ahead.
Fallon: 8-5:30 M-F Gardnerville: 8-5 M-F Snyders Pinenut Livestock Supply
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Complete selection of animal health products, feed, and equipment for beef, dairy, equine, sheep, goat and small animal.
Let’s Talk Ag
Numbers, Acres, and Our Future By Staci Emmn | Editorial
As we begin to look toward 2022 and what it will bring, and consider all the changes 2021 brought, I question if we should be looking more long term at Nevada livestock production. In previous issues, I discussed the new COVID-19 “normal” and where we could be headed. While I am still asking this question, what I do know, is that we are facing change. Changes in the pricing at grocery stores and the increasing cost of everyday living is impacting everyone. With these changes, we will also see changes in the Nevada livestock industry. First, I want to talk numbers. The cattle and calves’ inventory in 2012 was 420,322 head and increased to 476,858 head in the 2017 U.S. Agriculture Census. The inventory in January 2021 to report the 2020 inventory was 470,000 head. The Ag Census will be releasing its livestock survey in Nevada in January 2022 to get our 2021 numbers. It is expected that livestock numbers will be lower due to the drought impacting the Western states. Second, I want to talk about the number of livestock farms in Nevada and acres grazed. The number of farms in 2012 was 1,822 and decreased to 1,621 in 2017. The State Agriculture Overview (NASS, 2021) did not report livestock farms by themselves, but reported overall farm operations. Nevada Department of Agriculture surveyed 251 livestock operations in their Livestock Industry Survey in 2021. There were 4,690,824 acres of federal allotment land grazed, and 258,159 of private acres grazed. The average of private land grazed was 887 acres, and the average of federal allotment land grazed was 16,231 acres (NDA, 2021). One important point to make is that while the number of farms is low compared to the rest of the United States, the number of acres managed under these operations is not. Historically, Nevada livestock production has led the state in agricultural cash receipts and has been the states’ leading agricultural commodity. It is also noted that livestock production efficiencies have increased. There are perceptions and individual worldviews portrayed in these numbers as we begin to discuss the environments that faced producers in 2021, what they will be facing in 2022, and what the future of Nevada livestock production is. Drought has impacted operations throughout the west. Most operations culled cows at the very least and sold off livestock based on the feed allocations they had. Nevada will most likely see a reduction in livestock inventory due to the drought. Drought is not over just because of our most recent storms. We will have to continue to watch the weather and drought forecasting. One must also understand the differences between reported reservoir storage and when and how often moisture hits the rangeland. This will have significant impacts on AUM designations.
If you’re looking to sell a farm or ranch, give me call! Wildhorse Cattle Co. Elko, White Pine, Eureka and Nye County Efficient Cattle Operation with great Summer Range in Elko County and winter range in Eureka and White Pine County. North Base is at Wildhorse Reservoir in Elko County with 830+ deeded of which 361+ irrigated acres plus BLM and USFS Allotments. South base just inside Nye County line plus deeded at Hwy 50 and winter on Fish Creek Allotment. Price: $4,200,000 PENDING
Chicken Ranch South of Wells 3796 + Deeded acres fenced an cross fenced with a stock water well and water from a permitted Spring. The ranch has an approved irrigation permit for 130 acres and 3 phase power is readily available. There is a 100 acre parcel zoned Industrial with Rail access and access onto US. Hwy 93. Price: $2,250,000
Nevada License No. B 015476
paul@bottarirealty.com
1222 6th St. PO Box 368 Wells, NV 89835 www.progressiverancher.com
Economists were estimating that there would be a good heifer market in future years. As cows were liquidated, many of these ranchers will take the tax advantage of using the income in future years to buy back cattle, if they did not need the cash for feed resources. We will see how and even if this impacts Nevada in 2022. Overall export markets are strong but are still impacted by COVID conditions. Most expect a stabilized market in 2022, but producers are still facing increased production costs. While I continue to talk about drought and economics, these conditions are not new to Nevada Livestock producers. Growing up in a farming and ranching operation in Nevada, I don’t remember agricultural production being any different. A producer watches the weather, watches the markets, and pays attention to expenses. There are years that are tough and every 10 years you may make really good money. It is the lifestyle that we all cherish and are proud of. The biggest challenge, I believe in Nevada and for the entire U.S., is who is going to continue this lifestyle.
For additional information on these properties, go to: BOTTARIREALTY.COM
Paul D. Bottari, Broker
My gut feeling right now, receiving these large storms, is that we may have another atmospheric river event (like October 2021) on top of the snowpack and we will be flooding. Honestly, after the year we have had I don’t know whether a flood would be good or bad as there are pros and cons to each.
Work: 775.752.3040 Cell: 775.752.0952
It is really tough to impossible for a young person to go into this business without help. As we look to the future and the new year, the next step for all of us is empowering the next generation to enter and/or succeed in the business.
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JANUARY 2022 15
Nevada Bighorns Unlimited Significant Contributions to Further Wildlife Habitat Rehabilitation By Mark Freese, Caleb McAdoo, Efforts on Burned Landscapes in Nevada Lee Davis and Alan Jenne The year 2020 proved to be a very challenging year in all aspects of life, and there is no doubt that COVID-19 challenged many aspects of wildlife and habitat management. Despite these challenges, Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW), with the great help of many partners including Nevada Bighorns Unlimited (NBU) had another successful year rehabilitating burned landscapes! This year we were able to implement 62,220 acres of rehabilitation efforts to benefit Nevada’s habitat and wildlife resources! Without the great support of NBU, many of these burned landscapes could convert to annual grass dominated rangelands that would otherwise be un-productive for wildlife for years (if not forever) into the future. The 2020 fire season was a modest fire year consuming only 259,272 acres of Nevada habitat. Even though 2020 burned significantly more acres during the 2019 fire season of 82,282 acres, 2020 experienced significantly less burned habitats compared to the 2018 and 2017 fire seasons
which consumed 1,001,966 and 1,329,289 acres, respectively. There is no doubt that Nevada is burning greater amounts of habitat as time goes on. From 1980 to 1999, Nevada wildfires consumed 4.2 million acres and from 2000 to 2019 wildfires burned 9.6 million acres. The magnitude of these fires is stressing the current system and infrastructure, which has remained largely unchanged. The problem is outpacing the ability for any one agency or entity to address rehabilitation efforts alone and demands increased partnerships to leverage resources in an efficient and meaningful way. NDOW, with the help of key partnerships such as NBU-Reno has managed to achieve meaningful post-fire habitat rehabilitation to complement the Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) efforts. Working together, the BLM, NDOW, Sportsman’s Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s) and
other entities can continue to grow and leverage collective resources, talents and volunteers to rehabilitate critical habitats for species like mule deer, sage-grouse and bighorn sheep as well as numerous other wildlife species. NBU’s generous 2020 donation of $150,000 will no doubt leave a lasting impact on wildlife habitats for years to come! NGO dollars are the most flexibility funding available allowing Agencies like NDOW to be nimble and responsive to achieve maximum restoration potential by maximizing our financial resources. It is donated funds like the NBU donations that NDOW can use to most efficiently to accomplish rehabilitation efforts! Additionally, NDOW uses donated funds as match to leverage against federal grants. The dollars donated by NBU-Reno allows NDOW to leverage up to $600,000 to further NDOW rehabilitation efforts.
... continued page 17, 18
Figure 1. Pictures above are same photo, one taken in 2018 (left) and one in 2019 (right) on Fairview Peak following the 2017 Bravo-17 Fire. Snowstorm kochia is abundant and filled in interspace between first year plants providing great forage for bighorn sheep, mule deer, and antelope. The site is much more stable to erosion, resistant and resilient to future fires, and providing high quality wildlife forage that otherwise would be dominated by cheatgrass without seeding intervention. 16 JANUARY 2022
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Figure 2. Pictures above are same photo, one taken in 2018 (left) and one in 2019 (right) on Hot Spring Range following the 2017 Hot Springs Fire. This site was drill seeded with an aerial application of forage and snowstorm kochia. Low success with drill seeded grasses due to low precipitation amounts, however Forage kochia is abundant.
Figure 3. A portion of a wildfire that was drill seeded, but not seeded with kochia (left) compared to Forage kochia seeding in same habitat (right). Mule deer and antelope pellet counts are significantly higher in the Forage kochia seeding than those habitats not seeded with Forage kochia. Had NDOW not aerial seeded Forage kochia, there would be little forage and cover for wildlife, which is crucial winter range for mule deer. With Forage kochia, the site is more resistant and resilient to future fires, while providing high quality wildlife forage and cover that otherwise wouldn’t exist without seeding intervention.
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JANUARY 2022 17
This year, the majority of NBU funds were used to purchase hard-to-find seed, which were purchased directly from growers at a more affordable price. Getting more bang for the buck enables NDOW to increase the number of acres that are targeted to be treated, which provides greater benefit to numerous habitats and the wildlife that depend on those habitats. NDOW biologists strive to select plant species that fit the ecological sites that were impacted by these catastrophic wildfires, which in some cases in more arid sites results in using Forage kochia, as it establishes with a higher degree of success where many other species experience high failure rates. Not only is Forage kochia dependable, but it provides valuable wildlife forage for many big game animals including bighorn sheep, mule deer, and antelope. Forage kochia is also fire tolerant and will resprout if burned, therefore will continue providing quality forage even after future fires (Figures 1, 2 and 3).
Figure 4. The use of soil-active pre-emergent herbicides successfully reduces cheatgrass and other invasive weed germination (top). In absence of cheatgrass competition, excellent establishment of seeded species such as big sagebrush and yarrow can successfully be restored back into the community (bottom).
Following wildfire, there is a narrow window of time to implement projects to maximize the odds of success. Of course, not every wildfire needs to be rehabilitated as areas with healthy vegetation communities prefire are more likely to respond positively post-fire without management intervention. Following a wildfire, NDOW biologists meet with land management agencies to assess burn impacts and expected post-fire vegetation recovery. In areas where the expectation is that “natural” recovery will result in poor and degraded habitat (generally in the form of annual grass invasion such as cheatgrass), NDOW typically takes active management action. NDOW uses a triage approach to identify and prioritize where and what treatments to implement. NDOW prioritizes their resources (including NGO dollars) to on-the-ground projects where high priority wildlife values intersect and overlap to have the greatest impact in terms of habitat uplift. Treatments can take many forms including herbicide applications, aerial or drill seeding and shrub transplanting, which are all dependent upon the ecosystem threats and opportunities. For example, where cheatgrass response post-fire is a threat, we will apply a soil-active pre-emergent herbicide, fallow for one year, and seed the following year into a vacant niche, thereby giving desirable seeded species the greatest likelihood of success (Figure 4). Looking back over the past four years NDOW and partners have been able to successfully rehabilitate 422,355 acres of habitat in Nevada! In total, NDOW, NBU-Reno and other partners have contributed in excess of 8.75 million dollars toward rehabilitation efforts. NBU-Reno funding alone has contributed nearly $450,000 over the last four years which has contributed significantly to these efforts, both in on-the-ground restoration activities and as match for federal grant dollars. There is little doubt that sportsman have contributed greatly to ensure wildlife have quality habits to survive and thrive in. On behalf of NDOW and our Federal partners, NDOW wishes to thank NBU-Reno for their significant support to Nevada’s Wildlife!
18 JANUARY 2022
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For FULL ARTICLE & Slides, VISIT:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/snow/products/?cid=NRCSEPRD1848428 How has changing years changed medians? In general, new medians < old medians less water = more red than black
Change in Median (1991-2020 vs 1981-2010)
SNOTEL / Streamflow Points in Northern Nevada & Eastern Sierra Basins
April 1 Snowpack Decreased at 48 SNOTELs Same at 4 Increased=at91-20 5 Positive median increase
Snowpack: April 1 ‘91-20 medians < ‘81-’10
The New Normal in Nevada
Water Year Precipitation
Water Year Precip: Mixed results New Medians 1/3 sites 2/3 sites Increases more common in Humboldt Basin Decreases more common in Sierra Basins
An intro to the 1991-2020 medians & averages December 2021
Sierra Sites
Apr-July Streamflow
Jeff Anderson Hydrologist – Water Supply Specialist NRCS Nevada Snow Survey Jeff.Anderson@usda.gov 775-834-0913
March 30, 2021 Rubicon #1 Snow Course, 8100ft elevation 92in snow depth, 31.5in SWE
Natural Resources Conservation Service
1991-2020 Normals Summary
Toe Jam Wheeler Peak
Seasonal Streamflow (April-July): Most new / old medians +/-10% of each other 17 gages >10% decrease in median Humboldt River has significant decrease
How much do snow percentages change old median to new median?
11 10
Lower Humboldt Eastern NV
Snowpack % Change 81-10 Median --> 91-20 Median Dry Winter 2021 Apr 1 SWE +3% +4% -1% +4 +9% +11% +8% +8% +3% +9% +10%
Change in Years Basin Tahoe Truckee Carson Walker NGB Lower Humboldt Upper Humboldt Clover Valley Snake Owyhee Eastern Nevada
1981-2010 1991-2020 Snow Water
>10% decrease at 17 gages
Snowpack – Apr 1, 2021 % of 1981-2010 Median % 1991-2020 Median
• Streamflow forecasts are re-calibrated with ‘91-20 data • Update doesn’t change: SNOTEL data or forecasting methods • Median is the new default for all NRCS products
Reservoir Storage
Medians similar (+/-10%) at 27 gages
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/nv/snow/
Key Points: New 1991-2020 medians & averages for: • Sites with ≥10 years of data get official normals • Snow Course – Monthly Snow-water • Reservoir Storage – monthly volumes SNOTEL Years Basin Rainbow Cyn 12 Spring Mtns • Streamflow Volumes – monthly & seasonal (April-July) Bristlecone Trail 12 Spring Mtns • SNOTEL – Daily Snow Water & Precipitation Lee Canyon 12 Spring Mtns -- Annual Stats: snow onset, peak & melt-out
median
median
Precipitation average
median
Streamflow
average
median
Reservoir
average
median
Change in Stats
Big Winter 2019 Apr 1 SWE +11% +12% +9% +1% +12% +13% +8% +10% +2% +11% +10%
For April 1 snowpack Snow percentages are +3% to +13% using new medians Bigger differences in a bigger winter
What is impact of from average to median on precipitation?
Why Median?
Precipitation – Oct 1, 2020 - Apr 1, 2021 % of 1981-2010 Average % 1991-2020 Median
Water Year Precipitation Medians << Averages due to non-symmetric data
2017
Hydro-climatic datasets (snow, precip, streamflow) are often non-symmetrical.
The median is less skewed than the average by extremes
15 years above April 1 average is skewed 2.1 inches higher by big years like 2017 and 2019
Apr 1 Median (Middle Value)
Precipitation (inches)
2019
For non-symmetric data the median better represents the central tendency since half the values are above and half are below.
15 years below
Old median New median
x increased Positive = 1991-2020 2021
Apr 1 = 23in
Difference increases with time
Precipitation % Change 81-10 Average --> 91-20 Median
Apr 1 Prec percentages are +5% to +15% using new medians
Basin Tahoe Truckee Carson Walker NGB Lower Humboldt Upper Humboldt Clover Valley Snake Owyhee Eastern Nevada
Dry Winter 2021 Apr 1 Prec +6% +5% +5% +7% +8% +12% +5% +6% +2% +8% +13%
Big Winter 2019 Apr 1 Prec +14% +14% +12% +14% +10% +21% +8% +9% +2% +14% +15%
How much do forecast percentages change from old normal to new normal?
What is the impact of a lower normals?
Snow water
Humboldt Sites
Decreased at 33 SNOTELs Same at 7 Increased at 16
Streamflow Forecasts April 1, 2021 (50% Exceedance) Percent of Median (1991-2020)
Changing the normal, changes the percent A smaller normal results in a higher percentage Using 1981-2010 Apr 1 Median = 37” 23 / 37 = 63%
Difference +8% +6% +6%
In Sierra most forecast percentages +5% to +10%
+10% Similar to Snow & Prec +8%
1991-2020 Apr 1 Median = 35” 23 / 35 = 67%
+3% +45% +62%
Humboldt and E NV has BIGGER % increase
+74% +32%
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JANUARY 2022 19
Nevada Farm Bureau
Time To Plan For Sage Grouse Conservation … Again By Doug Busselman | NFB, Executive Vice President As the federal plans were being amended into land use management plans, a Nevadadeveloped Sage Grouse Management plan had been completed by the Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Council. The Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Council is a group of Governorappointed representatives from different stakeholders and representatives of several state and federal government agencies. The authority for this nine-member body, plus nonvoting This process is intended to produce a series of agency representatives, is covered in Nevada Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) which Revised Statutes (NRS) 232.162. will cover the potential of changes to land use management plans in California, Colorado, When the Nevada 2014 Greater Sage Grouse Idaho, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Conservation Plan was being developed it was Oregon, South Dakota, Utah and Wyoming. intended that this state-based plan would be In 2015 this same process produced the land the conservation plan for managing sagebrush use amendments for these same states. Federal habitat in the state. At the very least it was agency higher-ups plugged in their ideas hoped that the state plan would be included into the land use plans that they determined what would be best for Greater Sage Grouse conservation. In November, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) -- from Washington, D.C. -- issued a Federal Register Notice that they were going to update their Greater Sage Grouse management plans. This announcement started the clock ticking on a 75-day scoping process. During this time the agency is soliciting public comments, on what should go into the planning initiative.
as an alternative to be evaluated when BLM went through their land use planning process. Ultimately those involved in the process higher up the ladder, decided the best approach would be for BLM to keep their plans and amend them into the many land use management plans across Sage Grouse states. This 2015 Greater Sage Grouse Plan was updated with a set of changes brought forward by the Trump Administration in 2019. The amended 2019 version was challenged and over-turned by a judge in Wyoming, taking things back to the 2015 version, which is where things stand now. BLM’s announced intention for this round of planning is to consider how a new version might amend the 2015 plans. The Federal
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Register Notice included the notation that where existing planning decisions are still valid, those decisions may remain unchanged and be incorporated into the amended land use plans. It also includes the parameters that this set of land use plan amendments will be limited to making land use planning decisions specific to the conservation of Greater Sage Grouse and sagebrush habitats (although there will also be consideration of the impacts of climate change). As part of the documents made available for the process a 582-page, October 2021 document entitled “The Greater Sage-Grouse Plan Implementation – Range wide Monitoring Report for 2015-2020” was provided. This information covers an overview of what the status is on a range-wide basis, but also zeros in on the analysis assembled on an arealevel planning basis. Nevada’s information is contained, along with the portion of Northern California that fits into this planning area, in Appendix 11 of the document.
“The analysis determines that sagebrush Those interested in trying to influence the availability in all land ownership categories process need to provide their input during declined by approximately 3%,” the Executive the 75-day scoping process as well as staying Summary reports. connected and informed of the additional opportunities that arise. They go on to provide the specifics that this amounts to approximately 1.9 million acres This information portal on the BLM’s website total with 1.4 million acres in the Great https://eplanning.blm.gov/eplanning-ui/ Basin Region and 529,000 acres in the Rocky project/2016719/510 needs to be included in Mountain Region between 2012 and 2018. The your frequently visited locations. details further explain that the sagebrush loss occurred primarily on BLM-managed lands… Nevada Farm Bureau has also made the request (approximately 1.1 million acres total; 951,000 for an information workshop to be offered by acres in the Great Basin Region and 135,000 the Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Technical Team, along with others knowledgeable of the acres in the Rocky Mountain Region). information presented in “The Greater Sage“Wildfire accounted for approximately 72% Grouse Plan Implementation – Range wide of the sagebrush loss in both regions and Monitoring Report for 2015-2020.” represents the largest driver of sagebrush loss in the Great Basin Region,” the Executive The best strategy for moving forward needs Summary continues. The particulars that to include a clear understanding of what the address wildfire impacts -- 87% of the loss of available information has to say. sagebrush in the Great Basin was from wildfire Planning for Sage Grouse conservation is not and about 34% of the loss in the in the Rocky something new – official working groups were Mountain Region was linked to this cause. first appointed by Governor Kenny Guinn in
The two distinct regional areas of BLM’s focus are the planning areas identified as being in the Great Basin Region and the Rocky Mountain During the virtual December 15th meeting of the Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Council, Region. Nada Wolff Culver, Deputy Director, Policy Based on an initial review of the BLM and Programs for BLM and Matt Preston, Monitoring Report there are reasons to be also with the Washington, D.C. BLM office concerned about the present status of the offered a brief glimpse of what to expect in situation. Sagebrush habitat conditions have going forward. At this point, whatever public deteriorated over the timespan covered in the meetings at the front-end of the process are monitoring and the numbers of Greater Sage likely to be virtual. Grouse are also down.
August of 2000. Past lessons have taught that those who make a point of getting involved will likely have to endure some frustrations, but in the end will have a much greater chance of making a difference than those who don’t. As the calendar turns to 2022 – it’s time to plan for Sage Grouse conservation…again.
Provide input during the 75-day scoping process and stay connected and informed of the additional opportunities that arise. This information portal on the BLM’s website:
https://eplanning.blm.gov/eplanning-ui/project/2016719/510 needs to be included in your frequently visited locations.
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JANUARY 2022 21
Another Great Annual NFB Meeting By Brittney Money | NFB, Director of Communications The Nevada Farm Bureau celebrated the 102nd Annual NFB Meeting November 17-19 at the Fallon Convention Center in Fallon, NV.
The focus of annual meeting is to shape the policy for the coming year, but breakout sessions and farm tours were another great bonus this year.
To kick everything off, attendees toured three different locations including Frey Ranch regenerative agriculture, Churchill County Civic Arena and Frey Ranch Distillery. We learned the importance of regenerative agriculture and how it helps with biodiversity and soil health. Another stop included a tour of the under-construction Churchill County Civic Arena. We learned about all the great things the new arena will be able to feature and events it will bring to the community. The final stop of the tour was Frey Ranch Distillery. The tour featured the step-by-step process
that goes into making whiskey. The day ended with a group dinner at the Churchill County Museum.
Day two started with our Women’s Leadership Committee (WLC) and Young Farmers & Ranchers (YF&R) meetings. WLC discussed the year ahead and next year’s quilt raffle. YF&R meet for a group breakfast and discussed the new mission statement and how each county can implement different parts to encourage more people to become active within the group. Breakout sessions filled the later part of the day with soil sequestration potential in Nevada, updates on western issues from Washington D.C., updates from Cooperative Extension and Nevadans for economic opportunity. The YF&R Discussion Meet also took place. It’s an annual competition where participants discuss randomly selected questions. The winner from our state
competition gets the chance to represent us at the American Farm Bureau Annual Meeting National YF&R Discussion Meet. This year’s winner was Jordan Brough of Elko County. Brough has decided to not compete in the national competition this year.
WLC hosted the annual silent auction. It was a record-breaking year with $1,385 raised. The money raised is split equally between WLC, YF&R and the Nevada Heritage Foundation to fund projects throughout the year. In addition to the silent auction, WLC also had their annual quilt raffle. This year’s quilt raffle raised $1,000. The lucky winner of this year’s quilt was David Giorgi of Lyon County. The 2022 quilt is now on sale and tickets can be purchased at county events near you. Policy development was the next item on the agenda and is an important part of the annual meeting. The
policy development process includes amending, deleting, and adding new policies to not only be used in lobbying efforts in our own state, but on the national level as well. 2022 policy books are now available please contact Brittney Money at brittney@nvfb.org for your copy of this year’s Policy Book.
The Nevada Farm Bureau President and Vice President are annually elected positions, and we are happy to announce President Bevan Lister and Vice President Darrell Pursel won reelection. District 3 was also up for election, and we would like to announce the new District 3 Director is Norm Frey of Churchill County. Another great annual meeting in the books.
We look forward to the coming year and all the great things ahead.
Join NFB Young Farmers & Ranchers Program By Kari Brough, Nevada YF&R State Chair Wow, what whirl wind we have made it through! Like for most, 2020 was a bummer for our Young Farmers and Ranchers program. Most of us were on our way to the 2020 National Young Farmers and Ranchers (YF&R) Conference when it got cancelled for Covid, and that is where our 2020 stopped.
March is normally the time of year when many of us get off the ranch and head to the big city to join up with the other “Young ins” for the National YF&R Convention. (It is one of the best perks about joining the YF&R.) Farm tours, motivational speakers, and more fun than you can handle. There are classes about, well, everything you can think of: farm succession, marketing, advertising, stocks, advocacy, legislative, leadership, and I even attended one on cheese making. Like I said, everything. The best part is being able to talk with new and old friends from across the county and learn from them! Each year they have a special State Chair training to help us get the most out of your time serving as the state chair. I always come back with a fire in my sole ready to work. So, missing the 2020 conference due to Covid really put a halt on our year. I was starting to feel like the YF&R was in a huge mud pit and I was at the lead with a shovel in my hand and no way out. I had gotten into a bad habit of rushing though our monthly meetings just so I could check it off my to-do list. This was not something I was proud about and did not want to be remembered as the state chair who did nothing during her two-year term. Luckily for me I was able to attend, online (thanks Covid), the State YF&R training that was put on at the 2021 Virtual Fusion conference. Although it was not the same as being able to attend in person with other chairs from around the USA, they did a wonderful job. They were there to throw the lasso I needed to get my rear out of the mud, all I needed to do was to pull.
I had an idea, a rebranding, a new fresh start for our program. Fortunately, I have some of the top young farmers and ranchers in the state of Nevada serving on the Nevada State YF&R board with me! I pitched them my idea and let me tell you, 22 JANUARY 2022
they pulled that lasso even further than I could have imagined and together we were able to come up with our new Nevada Young Farmers and Ranchers Mission Statement! Y’all I cannot tell you how excited I am about this! And speaking for my team, we are ALL excited! My hope is that when you read our mission statement that you can feel what we are about, where we are going, how we are getting there, and most importantly that this is an organization that YOU will want to associate your name with. So now it’s my turn I am tossing out my lasso, grab a hold, pull and join us as the future of Nevada Agriculture! Join today at www.nvfb.org
Nevada Farm Bureau Young Farmers & Ranchers Mission Statement We are the Future of Nevada Agriculture. Through Leadership and Community outreach we create connections from our Farmers and Ranchers to our local community. The mission of Nevada YF&R is to impower the Advancement of agriculture relationships, education, & leadership though: · Leadership training · Promotion of Local Agriculture. · Professional development · Service to others · Education of our youth · Connections to fellow agriculturist
Neva
Together we advocate for a strong foundation of Nevada’s agriculture industry.
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
ESA: FWS sued over ESA regulations. FWS sued over ‘burdensome’ ESA regulations after endangered bird’s habitat overlaps with cattle ranch, Law Street Media - A cattle growers’ association sued several federal agencies for the allegedly “burdensome federal regulations” on land use imposed under the Endangered Species Act, particularly for cattle growers who rely on their land for their livelihood.
Public Lands Council | 1275 Pennsylvania Ave NW #801, Washington, DC 20004 info@publiclandscouncil.org BLM: Director Stone-Manning confirms plans for headquarters. Stone-Manning: Agency moving back to D.C., leaving two officials in Colorado, Missoula Current - The Bureau of Land Management plans to keep two senior positions in western Colorado as most of the agency’s leaders move back to Washington, Director Tracy Stone-Manning told BLM staff in an email Tuesday. Eight assistant directors and deputy assistant directors will relocate to the Interior Department’s headquarters in the District of Columbia, Stone-Manning wrote. They will join the director, deputy director for policy and programs and deputy director for operations positions that are already based in the nation’s capital. The top two officials overseeing national conservation lands and community partnerships will remain in Grand Junction, Colo., to “anchor the BLM’s Western headquarters,” Stone-Manning wrote. Wildfire: Strong winds spread fire in the Midwest Wednesday. Very strong winds spread fires in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas, Wildfire Today - Very strong winds in Kansas and the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma caused wildfires to spread very rapidly Wednesday. Blowing dust also caused severe visibility problems, and prompted the street lights to come on at noon in at least one area. Supply Chain: Lack of truck drivers becoming an issue. Lack of available truckers adds to supply chain challenges, Agri-Pulse - A shortage of truck drivers has both agriculture industry stakeholders and lawmakers concerned as supply chain bottlenecks make it difficult for retailers, producers and consumers to obtain the inputs they need or get their own products to the market. While shortages of materials and congestion at ports have all played a role in disrupting the steady flow of goods through the country, the availability of truck drivers has also been a contributing factor that has gummed up the supply chain. The Department of Transportation said in a press release that turnover rates are 90% for large long haul carriers and over 72% for small carriers. According to DOT, this means drivers are regularly either leaving the companies they work for or the industry altogether. Sheep Industry: Congressmen introduce legislation to protect producers. Rep. Pfluger Introduces Resolution to Protect American Sheep and Goat Producers, Texas GOP Vote - Last week, the U.S. Department of Agriculture published a final rule on the importation of sheep, goats and certain other ruminants, which could have serious consequences for American sheep and goat producers. The rule removes critical protections against fatal diseases, such as scrapie, when the administration should be focusing on opening new export markets for American producers. In response, I introduced a bipartisan bill to require the USDA to delay implementation of the rule until its impacts on American sheep producers can be fully studied. Companion legislation has been filed in the Senate by Senator John Barrasso (S. 3354). Cosponsors of the legislation include Representatives Henry Cuellar, Ronny Jackson, Nicole Malliotakis, Jodey Arrington, Tony Gonzales, Yvette Herrell, Chris Stewart, Jeff Fortenberry, Dusty Johnson, and Liz Cheney. The measure is supported by the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI), Texas Sheep and Goat Raisers Association (TSGRA), American Farm Bureau, and Texas Farm Bureau. www.progressiverancher.com
Ag Industry: Sector provides more than 10% of jobs. Ag, related industries provide 10.3 percent of employment, Western Livestock Journal - In 2020, 19.7 million jobs were related to Ag and food sectors, 10.3% of total U.S. employment. Direct on-farm employment accounted for about 2.6 million of these jobs, or 1.4% of employment. Employment in Ag and food-related industries supported another 17.1 million jobs. Of this, food service, eating and drinking places accounted for the largest share at 10.5 million jobs. Food and beverage stores supported 3.3 million jobs. The remaining Ag-related industries together added another 3.3 million jobs. — USDA Economic Research Service.
Wild Horses: BLM to begin wild horse gather. BLM to begin wild horse and burro gather, Fox 5 - The BLM will begin a wild horse and burro gather about 30 miles southwest of Tonopah in Nye County. It’s happening “on or around” Dec. 18 on the Nevada Wild Horse Range Herd Management Area. According to BLM, The appropriate management level for the Nevada Wild Horse Range Herd Management Area is 300-500 wild horses and zero wild burros. As of March 1, 2021, the estimated population was 736 wild horses and 95 wild burros, which does not include the foals born this year. Wolves, Wildlife & Wilderness: Legal battle over predator killing in Nevada wilderness, DeFazio says wolves need emergency protection, County claims wilderness areas encroach on ranches, Dems and Republicans can work together to save wildlife. New legal battle over predators killing in Nevada wilderness, KUOW - Co nservationists are suing three federal agencies over the adequacy of an environmental review the government has said satisfies requirements to resume killing coyotes, mountain lions and other wildlife in federally protected wilderness areas in Nevada. The move comes five years after the U.S. Agriculture Department’s Wildlife Services settled a similar lawsuit by suspending the operations intended to protect livestock from predators. DeFazio to Interior: Wolves need emergency protection under Endangered Species Act, KCBY - Rep. Peter DeFazio of Oregon and dozens of other lawmakers sent a letter to Interior Secretary Deb Haaland on Thursday urging her department to “immediately issue an emergency listing to temporarily restore federal protections through the Endangered Species Act (ESA) to the gray wolf.”
County claims Lincoln National Forest’s proposed “wilderness areas” encroach on ranches, Alamogordo Daily News - A draft of the proposed Lincoln National Forest Plan caused concern among Otero County Commissioners, who Dec. 13 approved a resolution voicing opposition to the plan proposed by the Forest Service.
Democrats and Republicans can work together to save America’s wildlife, Fox News - At a time difficult to find areas of agreement in Washington, the outdoors have proven to be a real uniting force. The two of us were proud to help lead the bipartisan effort last year to pass the historic Great American Outdoors Act into law, which is already helping us tackle the longstanding infrastructure backlog at our national parks and public lands. We are now teaming up to make similar historic progress on species recovery and wildlife habitat.
Weed Management: Comment period opens for weed-management on public lands. Comment period opens for weed-management on public lands, KUOW - BLM is preparing an environmental assessment (EA) to evaluate the use of integrated weed management practices, including chemical and mechanical treatments, to effectively manage noxious and invasive terrestrial and aquatic plant species on public lands throughout the BLM Gunnison Field Office. The BLM plans to open a 30-day public scoping period that began Dec. 15 to identify potential issues and concerns and additional information the BLM should consider in its analysis.
The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 23
Nevada Farm Bureau
More Emails Needed In Contacts With U.S. Senators
Status Update On Emerging Nevada Brands Program
We appreciate the number of Farm Bureau members who have sent their emails to the two Nevada U.S. Senators, urging them to oppose the Build Back Better Act. For those who haven’t sent their emails…We Need You! It requires more than what we have to cause the type of attention that is being given.
Over the past couple of weeks next steps have been completed in an overall journey of bringing into place the updated system for Nevada’s livestock brands/inspection program. On December 8th, the Nevada Board of Agriculture held a hearing and approved the remaining portion of the brands regulations that fell to their ability to adopt those limited portions of the overall package of regulations. These elements focused on horse brand inspections and associated fees. The Department had earlier held a hearing and gave approval to the rest of the regulations/fees.
We also appreciate the individuals who have been communicating back with us and sharing the form email responses that at least one of our Senators is replying with. Following the recent news that the Congressional Budget Office has reported that the Build Back Better Act will add another $3 trillion to the federal deficit, we have tweaked the base message (which you can edit and include your own wording) that is provided in the Action Request platform. The December 10th news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, offered these comments on the Consumer Price Index… “The all items index rose 6.8 percent for the 12 months ending November, the largest 12-month increase since the period ending June 1982. The index for all items less food and energy rose 4.9 percent over the last 12 months, while the energy index rose 33.3 percent over the last year, and the food index increased 6.1 percent. These changes are the largest 12-month increases in at least 13 years in the respective series.” If you haven’t sent your email to Senator Cortez Masto and Senator Rosen, please take Action here: https://www.nvfb.org/take-action/#/11
Wage Rate Requirements For H-2A Announced The United States Department of Labor has published the Adverse Effect Wage Rate for the coming year, which covers the required payments for H-2A workers. This American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF) Market Intel report (https://www.fb.org/market-intel/reviewing2021-h-2a-participation-and-potential-2022-h-2awages) gives an outstanding overview of these most recent adjustments that will be taking effect.
For Nevada H-2A employers, the effective rates will be $1,807.23 per month for all Range occupations and $15.58 per hour for all non-Range Occupations. The rates for Range Occupations take effect January 1, 2022 and the rates for non-Range Occupations kick in on December 29, 2021. 24 JANUARY 2022
This full regulation package will be going to the Nevada Legislative Commission on Tuesday, December 21st for final agreement and then moving forward to implementation. On December 9th the Nevada Legislature’s Interim Finance Committee gave their approval for funding authorization to also advance the business plan for the program. These concepts include the use of the brand funds for paying half the salaries of four Agricultural Enforcement Officers as well as three full time brand inspectors and 30 part-time inspectors. Plans also include the implementation of a central dispatch system which will eventually establish a system for those needing brand inspections to contact this central location and brand inspectors would be scheduled and dispatched from this central location. When the Nevada Board of Agriculture met, this resolution: https://files. constantcontact.com/ce74815a701/94a6831d-b666-4f8b-82cb-7d3c3db6279c.pdf which was presented by Demar Dahl, seeking further changes and restructuring of the brands program. In spite of assurances from the Department’s financial projections, there were concerns expressed during the Interim Finance Committee over whether the proposed changes would be sufficient to cover the necessary cost of the staffing levels. Of particular contention is whether the half funding that is going to the four Agricultural Enforcement Officers, paid for by fees that livestock producers pay for services is justified (and affordable) given the intention that these officers will have only a minor role (if any) in performing brand inspections. To a certain degree the Interim Finance Committee’s approval came on the recognition that while there may be outstanding questions – not approving the proposal would have resulted in no funding authorization for going forward. It hasn’t been firmly established, but there seems to be some possibility that the Board of Agriculture will further consider the proposed resolution that was made in the public comment period of the December 8th meeting.
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
BLM Sage Grouse Planning Process Update In their virtual meeting December 15th the Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Council gained a little more information on the anticipated planning process the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has in mind. Nada Wolff Culver, Deputy Director, Policy and Programs for the BLM presented a rough outline of what the process will be as well where the next round will be starting from. Matt Preston, also with the national BLM, added some information on the data assembled to be included in the mix for considering the future plans. Deputy Director Culver indicated that a 75-day scoping window is the current phase, seeking public input on what should be included in the process for developing the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) which will form the basis for decisions as potential amendments to the BLM District Land Use Management Plans. Working from the basis of the 2015 Land Use Amendments, the Federal Register Notice included the notation that where existing planning decisions are still valid, those decisions may remain unchanged and be incorporated into the amended land use plans. It also includes the parameters that this set of land use plan amendments will be limited to making land use planning decisions specific to the conservation of Greater Sage Grouse and sagebrush habitats (although there will also be consideration of the impacts of climate change). During the meeting’s public comment process, Nevada Farm Bureau made the request for an information workshop to be offered by the Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Technical Team, along with others knowledgeable of the information presented in “The Greater Sage-Grouse Plan Implementation – Range wide Monitoring Report for 2015-2020.”
Thanks For Those Who Joined The Meat Processing Round Table Meeting The December 14th Meat Processing Roundtable, which Nevada Farm Bureau and the Nevada Department of Agriculture jointly hosted, drew 42 participants and offered great conversation around ideas for moving forward to establish greater opportunities for meat processing. There are currently two Nevada-based meat processing facilities with federal inspection by the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Several additional facilities are in various stages of planning/development. We greatly appreciate those who joined the virtual roundtable discussion and offered their thoughts and insights for potential further considerations. Nevada Farm Bureau is seeking to bring together interested participants to sort through possible alternatives and better understand what is needed for establishing opportunities for meat processing in Nevada. This effort is guided by Nevada Farm Bureau policy, which states:
Nevada Meat Inspection Program: 141
• We propose that Nevada have a state meat certification program with necessary inspections and a functional Nevada Department of Agriculture program which allows for state inspected meats to be sold through in-state commercial channels. • We also support a program that will allow a meat processor to operate with a custom-kill facility or a mobile facility. • Nevada needs to pursue increased opportunities for expanding United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) inspection.
New Entry-Level Driver Training Required For CDL Licenses In February Our friends with the Nevada Truckers Association have reported a new development taking shape for individuals seeking to obtain a Class A or Class B Commercial Driver’s License (CDL), for the first time. This new federal requirement will become effective February 7, 2022. The piece, “Entry-Level Driver Training” (full article/pdf found here: https://files.constantcontact.com/ce74815a701/590e3018f377-45bd-8b9b-c4900c901352.pdf ) offers more details to explain the overview of what will be required for those who are seeking to obtain their first CDL. It also covers some of the “Myths and Facts” related to the upcoming changes. www.progressiverancher.com
We welcome inquiries from Farm Bureau members and others who wish to become active in meeting to identify steps for making progress and interested in the necessary regulation development required to accomplish more Nevada-based meat processing options. Contact us by email – doug@nvfb.org.
Contacting Nevada Farm Bureau Office Nevada Farm Bureau’s office will reopen from the holidays on Monday, January 3rd. Office phone lines will be monitored remotely and members needing service will be asked to leave a message for follow-up return phone contact. We would also welcome emails directed to doug@nvfb.org if you have need to have communications on a matter. On behalf of Nevada Farm Bureau’s staff and organization’s leadership, thank you for your support in 2021. We wish you all the best for 2022!
The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 25
Research suggests some trees have potential for immortality UNR researcher teams with Italian collaborator in new paper Mike Wolterbeek, Communications Officer | 775-784-4547 | mwolterbeek@unr.edu Large, majestic trees are iconic symbols of great age among living organisms, yet published evidence suggests that trees do not die because of genetically programmed age deterioration, but rather are killed by an external agent or a disturbance event. And, they can be a record of thousands of years of environmental change, especially in Nevada.
“These ancient trees are indicative of the enduring landscapes that surround us,” Franco Biondi, a professor at the University of Nevada, Reno and co-author of the paper said, “and a reminder of the value of having such long-lived organisms within them.” Biondi and co-author Gianluca Piovesan, a professor at the University of Tuscia, Italy, are both dendrochronologists, researchers who date events, environmental change and archaeological artifacts by using the characteristic patterns of annual growth rings in timber and tree trunks. Biondi directs the DendroLab at Nevada, and is part of the University’s College of Agriculture, Biotechnology & Natural Resources. Piovesan directs the Dendrology Lab at Tuscia, and is in the Department of Agriculture and Forest Services. In their paper about tree longevity published in the August edition of New Phytologist, as a Tansley Review, they find that the “cambium,” which is the growth tissue area between the bark and the wood, appears immune to senescence, which is defined as the intrinsic age-dependent increase in mortality or deterioration in performance under the control of an internal biological clock. Theoretically then, trees could be immortal organisms, and gene expression analyses are starting to uncover the processes that maintain a balance between growth and aging processes in old trees. The paper also cites wildfires, droughts, insect outbreaks, bacteria, viruses and fungi, as well as human impacts, as the external forces causing tree mortality. The authors suggest that because large old trees may be affected by ongoing and future global changes in climate, land use and disturbance regimes, a solid scientific understanding of maximal tree lifespans is needed to design optimal conservation policies and management strategies. “Trees are natural archives of environmental change, and tree longevity gives us that long-term look at the history of natural and human impacts on our world,” Biondi said. “The value of old trees as archives of environmental variability and abrupt events, which has long been recognized for temperate and high-latitude areas, has recently been extended to tropical forests. At the same time, the distribution of oldgrowth forests has been reduced greatly by human impacts.”
Long tree lifespans are allowed within areas that support resistance to, or avoidance of, mortality from outside forces. Another requirement for trees to achieve their maximum longevity is either sustained growth over extended periods of time or at least the capacity to increase their growth rates when conditions allow it.
“It’s not just human impacts, there are multiple impacts,” Biondi said. “However, one timely message is that we often do not understand how to best manage forests. Based on long historical perspectives, if we protect the forest too much (like fire suppression for the past 100 years) the forests will not be so healthy. For example, Sequoias need fire to regenerate. They can’t reproduce if the density between trees gets filled in with other species, so surface fires might give them another chance to thrive.” Biondi, whose research is in part supported by the University’s Experiment Station, points out that while there are extremely old trees around the world, some of the best examples are right here in the Great Basin of Nevada. “We have landscapes in our state that show extreme resilience, and these ecosystems have been there thousands of years,” he said. “It’s a reminder that ecosystems are more resilient than we think. In some areas of the Great Basin, there were many more fires before settlement, from 1500 to 1800, than in the last two centuries.”
In their paper, Piovesan and Biondi also explicitly challenge the long-held notion that shade-tolerant, late-successional species are long-lived compared to early successional species. They say to forget what you learned in any intro biology or ecology course about how trees grow within their ecosystems. The idea of succession, where fast-growing trees give way to old, slow-growing trees, just isn’t the case on most Great Basin mountains. “The classic view of ecology is that forests go through stages – succession,” Biondi said. “Since the 1950s the idea that the ecosystems are like organisms – with climax species on a trajectory – is based on European and Eastern American views. Where we live, here in the Great Basin, there’s plenty of evidence that this doesn’t happen, and species such as bristlecone pine, which includes trees as old as five thousand years, are both pioneer and climax – or neither one. They are not replaced by any other species. It’s been staring at us in the face all these years: tree species with extreme longevity do not fit the successional paradigm.” Identifying extremely old trees is therefore the groundwork not only for protecting and/or restoring entire landscapes, but, based on long historical perspectives, also for revisiting and updating classic ecological theories that shape our understanding of environmental change.
In their paper, Biondi and Piovesan argue that tree longevity is a key trait for global syntheses of life history strategies, especially in connection with disturbance regimes and their possible future modifications. “It’s becoming possible to evaluate how long the trees have withstood natural disturbances,” Biondi said.
Biondi says capacity to exceed 2,000 years of age has been demonstrated for six types of conifer trees, including types of juniper, sequoia, cypress and pine. Other conifers include dendrochronologically tested trees with ages in excess of 1,000 years, such as Agathis, Australian pine and Douglas-fir, to name just a few.
Tree size, both girth and height, varies greatly for trees of the same age, and is therefore not a reliable indicator of maximum lifespan. As a general, practical rule, which is explained and supported by research presented in their review, “the largest trees are not the oldest ones,” especially within a species. More reliable indicators of old age can be found in crown and bark characteristics, as well as partially exposed root systems. 26 JANUARY 2022
Giant sequoias are the third longest-lived tree species with one of the oldest known specimens to have been at least 3,220 years old in the Converse Basin Grove of Giant Sequoia National Monument in the Sierra Nevada of California (Photo credit: Jarmila Pittermann) www.progressiverancher.com
Snow cover critical for revegetation following forest fires Study finds climate change a factor in decrease of snowpack in the Western United States With wildfires devastating mountain ecosystems across the western US, successful forest revegetation recovery hinges on, among other factors, an adequate lasting snowpack, according to research by the University of Nevada, Reno and Oregon State University. “Our study illustrated that summer precipitation, snow cover and elevation were all important drivers of revegetation success,” said Anne Nolin, a hydrologist and geography professor at the UNR and formerly at OSU. “In particular, we found that snow cover was a critical explanatory variable for revegetation in the Oregon and Washington Cascades. This could help inform revegetation management practices following severe wildfires.” Climate change has already increased the fraction of winter precipitation that falls as rain rather than snow, reduced the spring snow water equivalent – a metric for how much water snow contains – and caused snowmelt to begin earlier in the spring than it used to, Nolin explained. Pacific Northwest snowpacks have seen the greatest declines of any seasonal snow region in the West. The research, led by Nolin, examined the 260,000-square-mile Columbia River Basin in the Pacific Northwest. She teamed with co-author Andrew Wilson, a graduate research assistant in OSU’s College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, and co-author Kevin Bladon of OSU’s College of Forestry for the study.
The NASA-supported study featured before-and-after vegetation analyses for two dozen high-severity wildfires. The fires occurred over a 10-year period among the four distinct subregions of the Columbia River Basin. There are many short- and long-term effects from these fires, including erosion, debris flows and water quality issues, which can affect the health of aquatic ecosystems and downstream community water supply, highlighting the importance of understanding post-fire forest rehabilitation. In their paper ... findings show that, given the trends of increasing wildfire activity, lower snowpacks, and earlier snow disappearance dates across the Pacific Northwest, forests will likely experience more frequent drought conditions, which will negatively impact the success of post wildfire vegetation recovery with a number of impacts to the ecosystem.
“This knowledge may be used to facilitate adaptive post-fire management policies and decisions to ensure long-term forest health,” Nolin, who is also director of the UNR’s Graduate Program of Hydrological Sciences, said. “For example, depending on the subregion and species composition, reseeding efforts following low snow winters might employ more drought tolerant species or, replanting could be delayed one to two years until snowmelt and soil moisture conditions are more favorable for seedling propagation.
“However, climate change projections and shifting wildfire regimes have increased concerns about post-fire regeneration and, as such it is imperative that we broaden our understanding of the role of snowpacks in post-wildfire forest regeneration. The snowpacks’ role in aiding revegetation will become increasingly important across the West. And where snowpacks have declined, there likely will be ecosystem transitions that look like a shift from forest to non-forest and from evergreen to deciduous vegetation.”
Wildfires continue to burn more area each year across many regions of the planet, including the Pacific Northwest. The Pacific Northwest’s largest watershed, the Columbia River Basin contains a variety of fire-prone landscapes that have seen almost 900 fires since 2010, serves as critical habitat for more than 700 species and is a water source for seven states.
“As wildfire activity continues to increase and intensify in the Northwest, understanding what shapes revegetation on severely burned forested landscapes is vital for guiding management decisions,” co-author Bladon said. After the occurrence of a wildfire, revegetation over the burned area is critical to maintain or re-establish ecosystem functions from forests such as biodiversity, erosion control, water purification and habitat provision.
“Snow matters to regrowing vegetation following fire, and with double impacts of declining snowpacks and increasing wildfires it is critical that we understand how these changes are affecting Pacific Northwest forests,” Nolin said. “Positive relationships between snow cover and summer precipitation with post-fire greening suggest that active post-fire revegetation efforts will help facilitate recovery, especially during years when severe wildfires are followed by early snowmelt years or below average summer precipitation.” www.progressiverancher.com
In the study, summer precipitation consistently appeared as the most important variable driving post-fire revegetation across all four subregions. Snow cover frequency, along with elevation, were shown to be secondary but significantly influential explanatory variables for revegetation in the Oregon and Washington Cascades. More than 80% of wildfires in the western United States from 2000 to 2012 burned within a seasonal snow zone, a time period that overlaps with the years studied by the scientists. “As wildfire activity continues to increase and intensify in the Northwest, understanding what shapes revegetation on severely burned forested landscapes is vital for guiding management decisions,” Bladon said. “But variables such as snow cover frequency, prefire forest composition, and elevation, were also shown to be significantly influential for revegetation in the Oregon and Washington Cascades.”
Wildfire season length in the western U.S. overall has increased by roughly 25 days in recent decades, including a massive increase in the Northwest from the mid-1970s, when it was 23 days, to 116 days in the early 2000s. That’s attributable mainly to warmer temperatures and drier conditions in the spring and summer.
“Snow cover has a strong influence on postfire vegetation greening, but the influence varied depending on subregion and dominant prefire conifer species, with the biggest impacts at low to moderate elevations in the Washington Cascades, the Oregon Cascades and western Montana Rockies,” Nolin said. “And with current climate change projections, snowpacks’ role in aiding revegetation will become increasingly important across the West.” Bladon suggests fire can be looked at as an opportunity for forests to reassemble into ecosystems better suited to survive warmer winters, longer fire seasons and drought stress.
“That’s at the heart of the challenge of reconciling a changing climate’s ecological forces with postfire forest management goals – the goals are often oriented toward re-establishing forests as they existed before the fire,” Bladon said. “But with shifting climate trends in the
region, that might not be the most adaptive path forward for forested landscapes.”
Researcher returns to Nevada to make genetic improvements in animal herds Andrew Hess joins the College of Agriculture, Biotechnology & Natural Resources UNR recently welcomed Assistant Professor Andrew Hess to the Department of Agriculture, Veterinary & Rangeland Sciences. Hess will be focusing his research on innovation in breeding and genetics using University herds and flocks. As part of the University’s Experiment Station, Hess will be working with cattle and the 1,800 head of Rafter 7 sheep at the Great Basin Research & Extension Center located in Eureka. The Rafter 7 sheep, initially developed about 30 years ago at the University’s Experiment Station under the direction of Professor Emeritus Hudson Glimp, are famous for their fine wool and heartiness on marginal grazing lands. The Center, which opened last summer, addresses the related issues of sustainable grazing management of dryland rangelands; livestock and crop production under water-limited environments; and alternative water and irrigation strategies for crop production.
Hess will be conducting genetic research to breed animals that are more resilient and adaptable to climate change and disease. He is also collaborating with the United States Department of Agriculture on multiple projects, including studying the litter sizes of lambs born into highly prolific sheep breeds and researching internal parasites of sheep. His research will benefit herds across northern Nevada by increasing their resilience while requiring less intervention to maintain high levels of performance. Hess will also be continuing work that he started during his post-doctoral position at AgResearch, one of New Zealand’s Crown Research Institutes. There, he worked with a variety of animals, such as goats, deer, sheep and mussels, to identify genetic markers that can be used to more accurately select animals for production traits. He graduated from the University with his B.S./M.S. degree in biotechnology and is excited to return after having earned his doctoral degree at Iowa State University.
“I grew up in Nevada and attended UNR, so this was a great opportunity to work close to home,” Hess said. “I’m excited to serve the community that helped me get where I am today.”
The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 27
Cattlemen’s Update returns to provide market, production & research updates In-person and virtual educational programs to be held at seven locations across Nevada The University of Nevada, Reno will host the annual Cattlemen’s Update in person and virtually in 2022, Jan. 10 – 14. For more than 40 years, the University has held several sessions across Nevada in January to provide ranchers with current research-based information about issues that may affect the efficiency, productivity, profitability and sustainability of their businesses and Nevada’s cattle industry.
The five-day event, offered virtually once and then at six locations across the state, is a partnership led by the University’s College of Agriculture, Biotechnology & Natural Resources, and its Extension and Experiment Station units. Other program partners include local sponsors and U.S. Department of Agriculture. Speakers for this year include State Veterinarian Amy Mitchell, Extension Educator for Churchill County Carson Anderson Oney, Professor and Extension Educator for Humboldt County Brad Schultz, and Associate Professor of Rangeland Sciences and Extension Specialist Paul Meiman.
At the three- to four-hour sessions, experts will discuss pertinent topics with participants, including topics on animal health and cattle markets and production. The cost is $20 per ranch per location attended, which includes lunch or dinner, event proceedings and the “Red Book” recordkeeping guide for cattle producers. This year’s schedule includes:
Jan. 10, 10 a.m., Virtual session This session will be offered via Zoom only. Register at https://unrextension.zoom. us/webinar/register/WN_a4ec6moBTfi6oFCdIqtRIA. Jan. 10, 5:30 p.m., Sierra Valley, California, dinner provided Sierra Valley Grange #466, 92203 Highway 70 Jan. 11, 10 a.m., Gardnerville, lunch provided Carson Valley United Methodist Church, 1375 Centerville Lane Jan. 11, 5:30 p.m., Fallon, dinner provided Fallon Convention Center, 100 Campus Way Jan. 12, 5:30 p.m., Ely, dinner provided Ely Convention Center, 150 W. Sixth St. Jan. 13, 12:30 p.m., Elko, dinner provided Dalling Hall, 600 Commercial St. Jan. 14, 10 a.m., Winnemucca, lunch provided Extension Office, 1085 Fairgrounds Road
Times given for the in-person sessions are registration times, with the program beginning 30 minutes later. For more information, contact Staci Emm, Extension educator for Mineral County, at emms@unr.edu or 775-475-4227. Persons in need of special accommodations or assistance should call or notify Paul Lessick, civil rights and compliance coordinator, at plessick@unr.edu or call 702-257-5577 at least three days prior to the scheduled event. Article Provided By: Claudene Wharton, Senior Marketing & Communications Specialist College of Agriculture, Biotechnology & Natural Resources University of Nevada, Reno / MS 0405 | Reno, Nevada 89557-0404 775-784-7072 | whartonc@unr.edu 28 JANUARY 2022
Smart. Reliable. Profitable.
Gelbvieh and Balancer cattle are well known throughout the beef industry for their maternal strengths and superior growth. With attributes such as more pounds of calf weaned, added fertility, greater cow herd longevity and heavier carcass weights, just to name a few, Gelbvieh and Balancer offer genetics that work for the commercial cattle business.
Balancer®
Balancer cattle are registered hybrid seedstock that have documented pedigrees and expected progeny differences (EPDs). Balancer animals are 25 to 75 percent Gelbvieh with the balance of Angus or Red Angus. They combine the Gelbvieh growth, muscle, leanness, fertility, longevity and low yield grading ability with the carcass qualities of Angus, and offer a simple, powerful way to maintain hybrid vigor and a profitable blend of British and Continental genetics without a complicated crossbreeding system. These cattle fit well into all aspects of the beef industry including commercial cow/calf operations and on the rail.
Gelbvieh & Balancer® Links: Gelbvieh & Balancer® Maternal Influence gelbvieh.org/about/edge/maternal Crossbreeding Is Smart and Easy with Gelbvieh & Balancer® gelbvieh.org/about/edge/crossbreading Feedlot and Carcass Advantages with Balancer® Genetics gelbvieh.org/about/edge/feedlot Balancer® Edge The Source and Age Verification Program for Feeder Cattle Sired by Gelbvieh and Balancer Bulls gelbvieh.org/exchange/balancer-edge Contact Us: American Gelbvieh Association 1001 S. 70th St. #215 Lincoln, NE 68510 Monday - Friday 7:30am-4pm CT 303-465-2333 | info@gelbvieh.org | gelbvieh.org
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Wells FFA Wins Western National Rangeland CDE
From the left: Truman Kington, Madison Wachtel, Carolina Johnson, Jackson Dahl, and Norman Kington are all thrilled with their achievements after winning first high team.
On November 9, 2021 the Wells FFA Chapter won its 3rd national title in the Western National Rangeland Career Development Event. Team members consisted of Carolina Johnson (1st place), Madison Wachtel (7th place), Jackson Dahl, Grant Kington and Truman Kington.
Agricultural Mechanics, Ryan Kindall coached the rangeland management team. Kindall comes to Wells High School from Idaho where he taught general agriculture education 6-12, incorporating rangeland management into his curriculum. Kindall is an alumni of the rangeland management competition and strongly believes in the value of this Career Development Event as the most career and industry based competition students participate in through FFA.
The competition was held in Baker City, Oregon and 17 teams from five states traveled to eastern Oregon to vie for the title. It was an especially special day for sophomore Carolina Johnson who also won the “Top Range Hand Award” for being 1st high individual, the “Top Plant Identification Award” and the “Top Range Management Award”. For her accomplishment Carolina won a custom belt buckle and several plaques, all donated by the Idaho Rangeland Resource Commission. The Wells FFA Range team was coached by Ryan Kindall and Don Noorda. This is a premier range judging event uniquely designed to be relevant to issues faced by land managers on Western rangelands. Rangeland dominates the Western states, yet many people who live near or even on rangelands know little about the resources they provide or principles of their management. Approximately 80% of Nevada is comprised of rangelands so it is important for agriculture education students and the public to understand how to manage this precise resource. Agriculture science teacher and Wells FFA advisor, Don Noorda feels it is vital to teach rangeland management to all students. Noorda teaches rangeland management units in each of his introductory Agriculture Science classes and in his CTE completer course Natural Resource Management. In each class, rangeland management career opportunities are discussed and many of his students decide to join the FFA team to continue their training with hopes of a career in range management. Although he primarily teaches
This FFA hands-on event is comprised of five categories that are each equally important to rangeland management. The five categories include 1) plant identification (including plant characteristics) and ecological site description, 2) rangeland biodiversity and management, 3) habitat evaluation for domestic grazers, 4) habitat evaluation for wildlife and 5) stocking rate and management recommendations. Each category addresses important issues relevant for ranchers and rangeland managers. The Western National Rangeland competition is in its thirteenth year and will take place in Utah next year. The Wells FFA team would like to thank Dr. Karen Launchbaugh and the University of Idaho for organizing the event. They also would like to thank the following groups and organization for either financially sponsoring, or providing training during the event: Idaho Rangeland Resource Commission, Natural Resources Conservation Service, local Bureau of Land Management agencies, University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, UNR, Society for Range Management, Montana State University, Public Lands Foundation for America’s Heritage.
Written by Morgan Noorda
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JANUARY 2022 29
30 JANUARY 2022
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In Loving Memory of
John David Secrist John David (Dave) Secrist was born in Willits, California on May 23, 1928 to John Stoner and Sarah Salmen Secrist. They took him home to a homestead east of Willits, California and he attended a one room school with his younger brother Robert Michael (Bob) Secrist (Lillian), deceased. Dave decided in 8th grade that he wanted to be a rancher and upon graduation from high school, he and his best friend spent a year in Alaska trapping furs to make enough money to buy a ranch. He got an introduction to ranch life at Eden Valley Ranch in Willits, California where he worked upon his return from Alaska. In 1951 Dave married Marian Bogue (later divorcing) and subsequently had two children, Cindy Lee Bachman (Frank) of Bruneau, Idaho and Gregory David Secrist (Bonnie) of Spring Creek, Nevada. In 1958, Dave and a partner had the opportunity to purchase Lee Livestock in Lamoille, Nevada, and he moved the family from California to Nevada. In 1972, the partners purchased Dinner Station Ranch in Elko, Nevada and moved to the ranch. In 1978, Dave married Carol Jane ( Jane) Smith and inherited two daughters Laura Rhodes Clarke (George) of Birmingham, Alabama and Tracey Rhodes Breski (Brandt) of Boise, Idaho. In 1985, Dave and Jane moved to San Jacinto Ranch, outside of Jackpot, Nevada, to manage the ranch for Salmon River Cattleman’s Association and became active in the Southern Idaho community. After a lifetime spent working on ranches, Dave and Jane “retired” to Twin Falls, where Dave continued to support and promote cattlemen and western ranch life. He wrote Long Winding Trails which he and Jane promoted throughout the west and was an active member of the Will James Society, including his role as Vice President. Dave’s hard work and service to the community was recognized by many awards that he earned during his lifetime. • 1966- One of the founders of the Fallon Bull sale which raised money to help finance the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association.
• 1967 & 1970 – President’s Award from the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association
• 1968 – Cattleman of the Year from Nevada Cattlemen’s Association
• 1970 - Conservationist of the Year from Lamoille Soil Conservation District. • 1974 – Nevada Rangeman of the Year from the Society of Range Management
• 1976-78 – President of the California-Nevada Hereford Association • 1977 – Distinguished Service Award from California-Nevada Hereford Association • 1978 -80 - President of Nevada Cattlemen’s Association
• 1979 – Started the Cowboy 100,000 Mile Club for cattlemen and cattlewomen who can document riding at least 100,000 miles in the saddle. www.progressiverancher.com
• 1981- Nevada Cattleman of the year – the first person to receive the award twice. • Dave also served eight years on the Elko County Planning Commission and on both the state and federal Grazing Advisory Boards.
Dave is survived by Jane, his wife of 43 years, 2 children ( Cindy and Greg), 2 step daughters (Laura and Tracey), 11 grandchildren (Christopher “Kit”( Jessica), Lynn (Tiffany) , Jeana (Dean), Geoffory ( Jessica), Gregory ( Jeanna), Pierce, Erin, Kayleigh (Shane), Logan, Alec and Moriah), and 18 great grandchildren, 2 neices, Susan and Julie (Richard) and a nephew Michael (Tammy). Dave leaves behind a wonderful legacy of hard work at a job he loved, public service for a community he loved, and love for a family who loved him. Funeral Services will be held on Friday, November 19, 2021 at 11:00 A.M . at Parke’s Magic Valley Funeral Home, 2551 Kimberly Rd. in Twin Falls. Private Entombment will follow at later date at Mt. View Mausoleum in Boise. Those who wish may share memories and condolences at www.magicvalleyfuneralhome.com
The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 31
The American Hereford Association (AHA) currently produces expected progeny differences (EPDs) for 17 traits and calculates three profit indexes. AHA’s genetic evaluation makes use of a Marker Effects Model that allows the calculation of EPDs by incorporating the pedigree, phenotypic and genomic profile of an animal. Animals that have a genomic profile will be denoted with a GE-EPD logo. The current suite of Hereford EPDs and profit indexes includes:
Calving Ease — Direct (CE)
CE EPD is based on calving ease scores and birth weights and is measured on a percentage. CE EPD indicates the influence of the sire on calving ease in females calving at 2 years of age. For example, if sire A has a CE EPD of 6 and sire B has a CE EPD of -2, then you would expect on average, if comparably mated, sire A’s calves would have an 8 percent more likely chance of unassisted calving when compared to sire B’s calves.
Birth Weight (BW)
BW EPD is an indicator trait for calving ease and is measured in pounds. For example, if sire A has a BW EPD of 3.6 and sire B has a BW EPD of 0.6, then you would expect on average, if comparably mated, sire A’s calves would come 3 lb. heavier at birth when compared to sire B’s calves. Larger BW EPDs usually, but not always, indicate more calving difficulty. The figure in parentheses found after each EPD is an accuracy value or reliability of the EPD.
Weaning Weight (WW)
WW EPD is an estimate of pre-weaning growth that is measured in pounds. For example, if sire A has a WW EPD of 60 and sire B has a WW EPD of 40, then you would expect on average if comparably mated, sire A’s calves would weigh 20 lb. heavier at weaning when compared to sire B’s calves.
Yearling Weight (YW)
YW EPD is an estimate of post-weaning growth that is measured in pounds. For example, if sire A has a YW EPD of 100 and sire B has a YW EPD of 70, then you would expect on average if comparably mated, sire A’s calves would weigh 30 lb. heavier at a year of age when compared to sire B’s calves.
Dry Matter Intake (DMI)
The DMI EPD predicts the daily consumption of pounds of feed. For example, if sire A has a DMI EPD of 1.1 and sire B has a DMI EPD of 0.1, you would expect sire B’s progeny, if comparably mated, to consume on average 1 pound of feed less per day.
Scrotal Circumference (SC)
Measured in centimeters and adjusted to 365 days of age, SC EPD is the best estimate of fertility. It is related to the bull’s own semen quantity and quality, and is also associated with age at puberty of sons and daughters. Larger SC EPDs suggest younger age at puberty. Yearling sons of a sire with a 0.7 SC EPD should have yearling scrotal circumference measurements that average 0.7 32 JANUARY 2022
Understanding HEREFORD EPDS
centimeters (cm) larger than progeny by a bull with an EPD of 0.0 cm.
Sustained Cow Fertility
The AHA’s new SCF EPD is a prediction of a cow’s ability to continue to calve from three years of age through 12 years of age, given she calved as a two-year-old. The EPD is expressed as a deviation in the proportion of the 10 possible calvings to 12 years old expressed as a probability. For example, the daughters of a bull with a 30 EPD would have the genetic potential to have one more calf by age 12 than the daughters from a bull with a 20 EPD. In other words, the daughters from the 30 EPD bull would have a 10% greater probability of having one more calf than the bull with a 20 EPD. This is equivalent to saying that the daughters are 10% more likely to remain in the herd to age 12.
Maternal Milk (MM)
The MM EPD of a sire’s daughters is expressed in pounds of calf weaned. It predicts the difference in average weaning weights of sires’ daughters’ progeny due to milking ability. Daughters of the sire with a +14 MM EPD should produce progeny with 205-day weights averaging 24 lb. more (as a result of greater milk production) than daughters of a bull with a MM EPD of -10 lb. (14 minus -10.0 = 24 lb.). This difference in weaning weight is due to total milk production during the entire lactation.
Maternal Milk & Growth (M&G)
The M&G EPD reflects what the sire is expected to transmit to his daughters for a combination of growth genetics through weaning and genetics for milking ability. It is an estimate of the daughter’s progeny weaning weight. A bull with a 29 lb. M&G EPD should sire daughters with progeny weaning weights averaging 19 lb. heavier than progeny of a bull’s daughters with a M&G EPD of 10 lb. (29 minus 10 = 19 lb.). It is equal to one-half the sire’s weaning weight EPD, plus all of his MM EPD. No accuracy is associated with this since it is simply a mathematical combination of two other EPDs. It is sometimes referred to as “total maternal” or “combined maternal.”
Maternal Calving Ease (MCE)
MCE EPD predicts how easily a sire’s daughters will calve at two years of age and is measured on a percentage. For example, if sire A has a MCE EPD of 7 and sire B has a CE EPD of -3, then you would expect on average if comparably mated, sire A’s daughters would calve with a 10% more likely chance of being unassisted when compared to sire B’s daughters.
Mature Cow Weight (MCW)
The MCW EPD was designed to help breeders select sires that will either increase or decrease mature size of cows in the herd. The trait was developed after years of cow weight data collection and the EPD relates directly to the maintenance requirements of a cow herd. For example, if sire A has a MCW EPD of 100 and sire B has an EPD of 85, then you would expect the females of sire A, if comparably mated, to be 15 lb. heavier at mature size. The Progressive Rancher
Udder suspension (UDDR)
UDDR EPDs are reported on a 9 (very tight) to 1 (very pendulous) scoring scale. Differences in sire EPDs predict the difference expected in the sires’ daughters’ udder characteristics when managed in the same environment. For example, if sire A has a UDDR EPD of 0.4, and sire B has a UDDR EPD of -0.1, the difference in the values is 0.5, or one-half of a score. If daughters of sires A and B are raised and managed in the same environment, you would expect half a score better udder suspension in daughters of sire A, compared to sire B.
Teat size (TEAT)
TEAT EPDs are reported on a 9 (very small) to 1 (very large, balloon shaped) scoring scale. Differences in sire EPDs predict the difference expected in the sires’ daughters’ udder characteristics when managed in the same environment. For example, if sire A has a teat size EPD of 0.4, and sire B has a teat size EPD of -0.1, the difference in the values is 0.5, or one-half of a score. If daughters of sires A and B are raised and managed in the same environment, you would expect half a score smaller teat size in daughters of sire A, compared to sire B.
Carcass Weight (CW)
CW EPD is a beneficial trait when considering the impact that pounds have relative to end product value. At the same age constant endpoint, sires with higher values for carcass weight will add more pounds of hot carcass weight compared to sires with lower values for carcass weight. For example, if sire A has a CW EPD of 84 and sire B has a CW EPD 64, then you would expect the progeny of sire A, if harvested at the same age constant endpoint, to have a 20-lb. advantage in terms of hot carcass weight.
Rib Fat (FAT)
The FAT EPD reflects differences in adjusted 365-day, 12th-rib fat thickness based on carcass measurements of harvested cattle. Sires with low, or negative FAT EPDs, are expected to produce leaner progeny than sires with higher EPDs. Ultrasound measures are also incorporated into this trait and have been shown to be highly correlated with the performance of slaughter progeny. All data is expressed on a carcass scale.
Ribeye Area (REA)
REA EPDs reflect differences in an adjusted 365-day ribeye area measurement based on carcass measurements of harvested cattle. Sires with relatively higher REA EPDs are expected to produce better- muscled and higher percentage yielding slaughter progeny than will sires with lower REA EPDs. Ultrasound measurements are also incorporated into this trait and have been shown to be highly correlated with the performance of slaughter progeny. All data is expressed on a carcass scale.
Marbling (MARB)
MARB EPDs reflect differences in an adjusted 365day marbling score (intramuscular fat, [IMF]) based on carcass measurements of harvested cattle. Breeding cattle with higher MARB EPDs should produce slaughter www.progressiverancher.com
progeny with a higher degree of IMF and therefore higher quality grades. Ultrasound measurements are also incorporated into this trait and have been shown to be highly correlated with the performance of slaughter progeny. All data is expressed on a carcass scale.
Baldy Maternal Index (BMI$)
The BMI$ is a maternally focused index that is based on a production system that uses Hereford x Angus cross cows. Progeny of these cows are directed towards Certified Hereford Beef. This index has significant weight on Sustained Cow Fertility, which predicts fertility and longevity of females. There is a slightly positive weight on Weaning Weight, Mature Cow Weight and Milk which accounts for enough growth but ensures females do not increase inputs. There is some negative emphasis on Dry Matter Intake, but a positive weighting on Carcass Weight which is anticipated to provide profitability from finishing of non-replacement females and castrated males. Marbling and Rib-eye Area are also positively weighted to keep the harvested progeny successful for CHB. This index is geared to identify Hereford bulls that will be profitable when used in a rotational cross with mature commercial Angus cows.
Brahman Influence Index (BII$)
The BII$ is a maternally focused index that is based on a production system that uses Brahman x Hereford cross cows. Progeny of these cows are directed towards a commodity beef market since Certified Hereford Beef© does not accept Brahman influenced cattle. This index has significant weight on Sustained Cow Fertility, which predicts fertility and longevity of females. There is a slightly positive weight on Weaning Weight, Mature Cow Weight and Milk which accounts for enough growth but ensures females do not increase inputs. There is some negative emphasis on Dry Matter Intake, but a positive weighting on Carcass Weight which is anticipated to provide profitability in finishing non-replacement females and castrated males. Marbling and Rib-eye Area are also positively weighted to keep harvested progeny successful for a variety of commodity based programs. This index targets producers that use Hereford bulls on Brahman influenced cows.
Certified Hereford Beef Index (CHB$)
CHB$ is a terminal sire index that is built on a production system where Hereford bulls are mated to mature commercial Angus cows and all progeny will be targeted for Certified Hereford Beef© after the finishing phase. This index has significant weight on Carcass Weight to ensure profit on the rail. As well there is a positive weighting for Average Daily Gain along with a negative weighting on Dry Matter Intake to ensure efficient pounds of growth in the finishing phase. Keep in mind, this production system takes advantage of complimentary breeding with the commercial Angus cow. Although Marbling is weighted positively in this index, a positive weighting for Rib-eye Area and a negative weighting for Back Fat are a greater priority in this index to allow for optimum end-product merit. This is the only index that has no emphasis on fertility. Remember that no replacement heifers are being retained. www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 33
2021 RANCH HAND RODEO TEAMS C Buckhorn T
Clint Allegre, Chad Goings, Dennis Lee, Chance Kretschmer
Diamond J
George Jones Jr, Isaiah Jones, Curly Thomas, Hector Cruz
Lee Stockhorses
Kenny Lee, Flint Lee, Jim Young, Matt Withers
NV Bar Cattle Company
Carlos Gonzalez, Rick Crutcher, Arlo Crutcher, Clayton Cota
Panel Rustlers
Austin Nelsor, Randal Angeles, Tyler Thomas, Joe Viehaland
Pronghorns
Randy Osterhoudt, Nathan Easterday, Davis Grupe, Travis Berg
SP Broken Arrow
Sara Porter, Skip Sam, Cody Conly, Jordan Caseday
Torvik Ranch
Tyson Torvik, TJ Griener, Roscoe Rhodes, David Howard
C5 Ranch
Bailey Corkill, Marissa Julian, Kale Knittle, Mattie Johns
Pinenut Livestock
Bea Lee, Payton Feyder, Colleen Withers, Noel Lambert
2021 RANCH HAND RODEO SCORES Team Tying Sorting Doctor Brand Trailer Team Name Roping C Buckhorn T 10 10 10 10 7 Lee Stockhorses 9 9 9 Torvik Ranch 8 9 8 NV Bar Cattle Company 5 10 Pronghorns 6 7 SP Broken Arrow 4 8 Diamond J 10 Panel Rustlers 7 C5 Ranch 10 10 10 Pinenut Livestock 9 9
TEAM DOCTORING
Team Total 47 27 25 15 13 12 10 7 30 18
Place 1 2 3
1
TEAM TYING
Team Name
Sat AM
Sat PM
Average
Points
Team Name
Sat AM
C Buckhorn T
56.80
55.41
112.21
10
C Buckhorn T
Diamond J
67.02
0.00
67.02
Diamond J
Lee Stockhorses
83.47
0.00
83.47
NV Bar Cattle Company
86.36
0.00
Panel Rustlers
74.15
Pronghorns
94.00
SP Broken Arrow Torvik Ranch
Sat PM
Average
Points
94.08
62.13
156.21
10
0.00
1.41.04
0.00
Lee Stockhorses
95.03
78.09
173.12
86.36
NV Bar Cattle Company
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
74.15
Panel Rustlers
128.18
171.37
299.55
0.00
94.00
Pronghorns
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
64.47
64.47
SP Broken Arrow
0.00
0.00
0.00
70.42
76.23
146.65
Torvik Ranch
100.37
120.94
221.31
8
C5 Ranch
0.00
116.48
116.48
C5 Ranch
53.47
63.09
116.56
10
Pinenut Livestock
0.00
0.00
0.00
Pinenut Livestock
97.46
90.29
187.75
9
Average 51.96 43.47 122.93 100.65 64.84 164.91 132.21 56.11 45.65 52.65
Points
Team Name C Buckhorn T Diamond J Lee Stockhorses NV Bar Cattle Company Panel Rustlers Pronghorns SP Broken Arrow Torvik Ranch C5 Ranch Pinenut Livestock
34 JANUARY 2022
9
FAST TIME: C Buckhorn T 55.41
FAST TIME: C5 Ranch - 53.47
TEAM ROPING Sat AM Sat PM 35.74 30.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37.53 0.00 0.00 38.00 0.00 42.92 33.00 63.06 0.00 69.68 FAST TIME: C Buckhorn T - 30.62
TRAILER LOADING Sat AM Sat PM 51.96 0.00 0.00 43.47 45.24 77.69 55.62 45.03 0.00 64.84 99.53 65.38 72.65 59.56 56.11 0.00 0.00 45.65 0.00 52.65 FAST TIME: Diamond J - 43.47
Average 66.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37.53 38.00 42.92 96.06 69.68
Points 10
on 1 on 1 10 on 1
Team Name C Buckhorn T Diamond J Lee Stockhorses NV Bar Cattle Company Panel Rustlers Pronghorns SP Broken Arrow Torvik Ranch C5 Ranch Pinenut Livestock
The Progressive Rancher
9 7
9 10 7 8
www.progressiverancher.com
TEAM SORTING Team Name Torvik Ranch Torvik Ranch SP Broken Arrow SP Broken Arrow C Buckhorn T C Buckhorn T NV Bar Cattle Company NV Bar Cattle Company Diamond J Diamond J Panel Rustlers Panel Rustlers Pronghorns Pronghorns Lee Stockhorses Lee Stockhorses
Tyson Torvik & T.J. Griener Roscoe Rhodes & David Howard Sara Porter & Skip Sam Cody Conly & Jordan Caseday Clint Allegre & Chad Goings Dennis Lee & Chance Kretschmer Carlos Gonzalez & Rick Crutcher Arlo Crutcher & Clayton Cota George Jones Jr & Curly Thomas Isaiah Jones &Hector Cruz Austin Nelsor & Joe Viehland Randal Angeles & Tyler Thomas Randy Osterhoudt & Travis Berg Nathan Easterday & Davis Grupe Kenny Lee & Flint Lee Jim Young & Matt Withers
Time 63.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 89.83 120.00 0.00 118.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49.75 0.00 116.56 0.00
Average 63.44
Points
0.00 209.83
10
UPCOMING SALES January 6
118.71 0.00 0.00
WVM Headquarters • Cottonwood, CA Consignment Deadline: December 29
49.75
January 27
116.56
Tehama District Fairgrounds • Red Bluff, CA Consignment Deadline: January 19
114.00 C5 Ranch C5 Ranch Pinenut Livestock
Bailey Corkill & Mattie Johns Marissa Julian & Kale Knittle Bea Lee & Colleen Withers
114.00 0.00 0.00
0.00
Pinenut Livestock
Noel Lambert & Payton Feyder
0.00
0.00
Saturday Bailey Kretchmer Payton Feyder Mitzie Corkill Marisa Julian Sarah Porter Leeah Osterhoudt Mattie Johns Leighton Beyer
Team Name Diamond J Lee Stockhorses Torvik Ranch C Buckhorn T Pronghorns NV Bar Cattle Company SP Broken Arrow Panel Rustlers C5 Ranch Pinenut Livestock
www.progressiverancher.com
STEER STOPPING 1st Go 2nd Go 3.38 3.64 4.5 3.86 7.52 6.18 4.67 14.9 11.26 11.27 15.44 0 0 18.97 0
BRANDING Sat PM 404.01 420.46 430.51 452.38 645.47 704.30 718.47 0.00 553.35 734.18 FAST TIME: Diamond J - 404.01
Average 7.02 8.36 13.70 19.57 22.53 15.44 18.97 0.00
Check our website www.wvmcattle.com for consignment deadlines. Place 1 2 3 4 5
WATCH & LISTEN TO THE SALE on the Web at:
For more information, please call Place 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
(530) 347-3793 or email us at wvm@wvmcattle.com Look for the catalog and video on www.wvmcattle.com
Market your cattle with the professionals!
10 9 The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 35
36 JANUARY 2022
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JANUARY 2022 37
Churchill County Cowbelles |
Favorite Beef Recipes
TRI-TIP BRISKET STYLE “Trisket”
By Leana L. Carey, President after 90 minutes
This fantastic tri-tip brisket style recipe takes tri-tip roast to new and unbelievably delicious heights. Brisket style? Yes, you read that right. You can smoke tri-tip just as you would a brisket. INGREDIENTS • 1 tri tip roast 2 pounds Place seasoned tri-tip roast onto grill grates, close the lid, and let it go for 1 1/2-2 hours.
• 2 tablespoons SPG for Beef • 1/3 cup Cider vinegar • Butcher Paper
www.derrickriches.com/tri-tip-brisket-style/
INSTRUCTIONS Prepare your grill or smoker for 225 degrees. Add your preferred hardwood. Trim down the fat cap from your trip tip roast to about 1/8″ thick. Apply SPG for Beef Rub evenly to the roast. Place seasoned tri-tip roast onto the grates, close the lid, and let it go for 1 1/2-2 hours. By now you will notice that the rub on the “trisket” has set up, and starting to look at little dry. That is a good indication that the meat needs a BBQ spritz. Fill a clean food-safe spray bottle with cider vinegar, and spritz the meat about 4-5 times. Close the lid and continue cooking for another hour or until the meat reaches an internal temperature of 165 degrees F.
Once the thickest part of the meat reaches 165 degrees F, it’s time to wrap. Use a 14” -16” sheet of peach butcher paper to wrap the tri-tip, and place it back into the smoker. Close the lid and continue cooking until the roast reaches an internal temperature of 200 degrees F.
Once the thickest part of the meat reaches 165 degrees F, it’s time to wrap. Use a 14″-16″ sheet of butcher paper to wrap the tri-tip, and place it back into the smoker. Continue cooking the brisket style tri tip until it reaches an internal temperature of 200 degrees F. Remove the wrapped tri-tip from your grill or smoker. Wrap it in a clean kitchen towel, and place it on you counter. Let it rest for 45 to 60 minutes Unwrap your brisket style tri-tip and place it onto a clean cutting board. Follow the grain of the meat as shown in the diagram at the right. Cut the the smoked beef roast in half, and then each section into thin slices. Serve with coleslaw, baked beans, and your favorite style of potatoes. Store your leftover smoked “trisket” in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 4 days. Freeze for up to 3 months. 38 JANUARY 2022
Let meat rest for 45 to 60 minutes, then slice following the grain as shown All images on this post were taken by Sabrina Baksh for derrickriches.com
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
Quilts Of Valor Awarded By The High Desert Grange By Suzann Gilliland Peterson
Many people wonder what Quilts of Valor is all about. In 2003, the Quilts of Valor Foundation began with a dream. Founder Catherine Roberts’ son Nat was deployed in Iraq. According to Catherine, “The dream was as vivid as real life.” On the Quilts of Valor Foundation’s website (www.qovf.org), Catherine shares her vision: “I saw a young man sitting on the side of his bed in the middle of the night, hunched over. The permeating feeling was one of despair. I could see his war demons clustered around, dragging him down into an emotional gutter. Then, as if viewing a movie, I saw him in the next scene wrapped in a quilt. His whole demeanor changed from one of despair to one of hope and well-being. The quilt had made this dramatic change. The message of my dream was: Quilts = Healing. The model appeared simple: have a volunteer team who would donate their time and materials to make a quilt. One person would piece the top and the other would quilt it. I saw the name for this special quilt. It was a Quilt of Valor, QOV.” Catherine had definite ideas about standards of excellence of the Quilts of Valor. She knew a QOV had to be a quality-made quilt, not a “charity quilt.” “A Quilt of Valor had to be quilted, not tied, which meant hand or machine quilting. It would be “awarded,” not just passed out like magazines or videos, and would say unequivocally, “Thank you for your service, sacrifice and valor in serving our nation,” she states on the website. Thus began Quilts of Valor. This year, at the Nov. 11 Veterans Day lunch hosted by the Elks Lodge in Fallon, NV, High Desert Grange #22 of Fallon awarded its first Quilts of Valor to four veterans, all of whom reside in Fallon. The quilts presentation was led by Kathleen Rodegeb, Grange sewing club leader. Taking on a project of this magnitude is something Kathleen had wanted to do for years. Retired and living in a home she bought in Fallon, she now has the time and space for creating such large pieces of work from her heart. Kathleen’s family history of military service goes back as far as the Revolutionary War. Several of her ancestors fought in WWI and WWII. More recently, one of her uncles served in the Army during the Korean War and was mortally wounded on his final day of service. Two more uncles fought in the Korean War and in the Vietnam War, as well. One of them was career Air Force and a fighter pilot who retired as a Lt. Colonel and is buried in a national cemetery in Florida. Four of her brothers served during the Vietnam era and beyond. One of them is a Navy man who broke his back in an accident that left him with profound mobility issues that he continues to live with on a daily basis. He is confined to a wheelchair. A second brother who served, boots on the ground, in Vietnam in the Air Force was sickened from Agent Orange and from dirty needles that were used to give the troops vaccines. He contracted Hepatitis C, lived with its devasting effects and died from complications of the disease years later. A third brother was also in the Air Force, spending most of his time on Guam repairing the guns on B-52 bombers. He made the Air Force his career and retired more than 20 years later. A fourth brother was in the Army and served during the Vietnam era from a post in Alaska. Upon reflection of the great contributions our military servicemembers make, Kathleen said, “Our country would not be and we would not enjoy the bounty we have if not for our military, and it takes all the men and women who enlist to make it happen.” Helping Kathleen with one of the quilts was Trisha Dowling, a member of the High Desert Grange sewing class. Kathleen made three herself. Each quilt is different, designed and sewn from input from those who nominated each awardee. Input includes branch of service, dates of service, service deployment(s), rank when the veteran left the military, and activities the veteran currently enjoys. Supplies and material for the quilts were donated by Trisha and Kathleen. As coordinator of the Quilts of Valor project for the High Desert Grange, it is Kathleen’s responsibility to choose who is awarded a quilt. Nominations are requested. This year, she received three nominations and made one nomination herself. “I selected all of them and I will always select all of them as long as they meet the criteria set out by the Quilts of Valor Foundation,” she said. “The quilts are registered with the Quilts of Valor Foundation and with the National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry,” she added. www.progressiverancher.com
Each quilt has a special tag with the awardee’s name, branch of service, dates of service, who pieced the quilt, who quilted the quilt, who bound the quilt, the Grange logo, and the Quilts of Valor logo. All Quilts of Valor recipients at the lunch were completely unaware they were receiving a quilt. “I was very surprised to receive the quilt,” stated Marine Orville Wempner. Marine, retired Army officer and husband of this story’s writer Dan Peterson shared his thoughts on receiving his quilt: “This is an honor I will cherish for the rest of my life.” The Elks Lodge has invited the High Desert Grange to next year’s Veterans Day lunch to make their second presentation of Quilts of Valor. Nominations for next year’s awardees must be made by June 1, 2022. Nominees are not required to be Grange members. The only requirements are that they be a veteran in good standing and that they reside in Churchill County, NV, where Fallon is the county seat. Nominations may be sent to highdesertgrange22@gmail.com. For more information, please contact High Desert Grange Lecturer Gloria Montero at (775) 427-8210.
The Progressive Rancher
JANUARY 2022 39
Presort Standard U.S. Postage PAID Permit #40 Tooele, UT
Let us be your source for bulls that Target the Brand. Join us Monday March 14th, 2022 at the ranch in Bliss, Idaho for our Annual Spring Cove Ranch Angus Bull and Female Sale.
Selling 170 yrlg & Fall yrlg Bulls and 80 Heifers.
20 sons of Sitz Accomplishment 720F sell
CED+9 BW+.7 WW+75 YW+131 SC+1.27 Milk+21 CW+56 Marb+.92 Rib+.49 $M+83 $C+288
25 sons & grandsons of Southern Charm AA31 sell CED+4 BW+3.2 WW+69 YW+116 SC+2.05 Milk+29 CW+47 Marb+.98 Rib+.87 $M+62 $C+270
For sale books call or text : 208-320-8803 www.springcoveranch.com Find us on Facebook The Pioneer Herd of the West
20 sons of Sitz Resilient 10208 sell
CED+8 BW+.4 WW+80 YW+139 SC+1.05 Milk+26 CW+63 Marb+.68 Rib+.93 $M+94 $C+309
10 sons of S S Enforcer E812 sell
CED+9 BW+1.0 WW+88 YW+166 SC+1.58 Milk+30 CW+72 Marb+1.03 Rib+1.01 $M+87 $C+349
15 sons of Musgrave 316 Exclusive sell
CED+8 BW+.5 WW+70 YW+124 SC+1.15 Milk+23 CW+58 Marb+.94 Rib+.72 $M+84 $C+306
Spring Cove Ranch Angus since 1919 269 Spring Cove Rd Bliss, Idaho 83314
15 sons of Sydgen Enhance sell
CED+8 BW+.4 WW+70 YW+138 SC+1.38 Milk+31 CW+63 Marb+1.18 Rib+.81 $M+71 $C+323
For more information call:
Art Butler: 208-280-1026 Stacy Butler: 208-320-8803 Josh Mavencamp: 208-358-0057 Sarah Helmick: 208-490-0741 Randy Lancaster, Triple L: 208-731-1947
