Inside Waste December 2024

ISSUE 123 | DEC 2024/JAN 2025 Energy from Waste facilities get a bad rap because sometimes people don’t understand the technology. Image: Industryandtravel/shutterstock

27 Circular economy 30 BSC needs legislating 38 2025 WIRA awards

Commercial food waste collections coming to NSW

By Mike Ritchie and Virginia Brunton, MRA Consulting Group

Melbourne councils look to EfW to solve residual waste woes

By Inside Waste

PP: 100024538

ISSN 1837-5618

A recent application in New Zealand

by South Island Resource Recovery (SIRRL), a company that is 60 per cent owned by China Tianying Incorporated, has been tasked to build an energy from waste (EfW) facility. The company’s application has been met with cynicism from some quarters. The SIRRL is calling the 365,000 tonnes of municipal and construction waste it will process as ‘sustainable’ land diversion.

Some see the plant as an attempt at ‘greenwashing, and they raise concerns about air pollution, toxic waste, and greenhouse gas emissions, including from the 70-odd trucks a day delivering rubbish’, according to New Zealand’s Newsroom website.

What wasn’t mentioned in the piece is that modern EfW facilities are designed with the purpose of disposing of residual waste, because

anything that can be reused or recycled has already been separated from the waste stream.

In a paper written by Bernt Johnke titled Emissions from Waste Incineration, the author studied the amount of emissions a EfW plant produces.

The conclusion Johnke came to was: An energy transformation efficiency equal to or greater than about 25 percent results in an allowable average substituted net energy potential that renders the emission of waste incineration plants (calculated as CO2 equivalents) climate-neutral due to the emission credits from the power plant mix.

In other words, the amount of greenhouse emissions produced by an EfW facility are neutralised because of the amount of energy it returns to the grid that doesn’t have to be produced by a power station.

The biggest obstacle EfW plant developers have is persuading councils – some backed by antiEfW driven interest groups – to sign contracts that will deliver waste to the plant. This is because of the impression that these plants are nothing more than giant incinerators with little to no technology to stop millions of tonnes of CO2 being pumped into the air.

Which brings us to Mick Cummins. Cummins is the CEO of Bayside City Council in Victoria and he led a process with eight other Councils to sign contracts to supply non-recyclable household waste to the new Maryvale Energy from Waste facility.

Cummins said that the consortium initially had 16 councils onboard, but by the time it came to signing the contract, nine were left.

Why did the others drop out?

(Continued on page 14)

THE NSW Government is going to mandate commercial food waste collection (COFO). This is excellent for NSW, and the Minister Penny Sharpe and Premier Chris Minns are to be congratulated for this reform. For those of you who don’t know what we’re talking about, from July 1, 2025 large food waste generators will need to have a dedicated food waste collection system. Food waste will no longer be able to go to landfill. Food waste in landfill is a massive greenhouse gas generator, contributing most of the 11 million tonnes of greenhouse gases released from landfill each year. That is equivalent to the annual emissions of about 3 million cars.

The key businesses that are proposed to be covered by the food collection requirement will likely include: 1. Supermarkets (with a floor area > 1,000m2) 2. Institutions including: • hospitals • correctional facilities • education facilities • childcare facilities • seniors’ housing 3. Hospitality including: • hotels and motels • registered clubs • food and drink premises including food courts The scheme is proposed to capture the biggest food waste generators in the NSW economy.

(Continued on page 20)

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Editor’s Note //

Chief Operating Officer Christine Clancy christine.clancy@primecreative.com.au Managing Editor Mike Wheeler mike.wheeler@primecreative.com.au Brand Manager Chelsea Daniel chelsea.daniel@primecreative.com.au Art Director Bea Barthelson Client Success Manager Louisa Stocks louisa.stocks@primecreative.com.au Head Office Prime Creative Pty Ltd 379 Docklands Drive Docklands VIC 3008 Australia p: +61 3 9690 8766 enquiries@primecreative.com.au www.insidewaste.com.au Subscriptions +61 3 9690 8766 subscriptions@primecreative.com.au

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It’s about attitude IN our industry, it seems every six months there’s déjà vu. Same issues, same problems, few outcomes. Like everybody, I have an opinion. And that is all it is.

What are the main issues surrounding waste and its lack of progress on many fronts? What are the bottlenecks? Is it the companies within the industry? The big players and the little guys? Not from what I can see – they all seem innovative, trying to find solutions, and hellbent on taking the ‘waste’ industry to what it truly should be – a resource recovery industry. Waste should make up less than five per cent of what we do. Everything else should be being reused or recycled.

Whether you talk to execs at Remondis, Bingo or Veolia, or the smaller guys starting to make it big such as Repurpose It or Ecocycle, they are all on the same page – they want to make a difference.

To me the biggest bottleneck is government. Whether it be federal, state or local, most agendas appear to have little to do with the state of industry, and to be more about scoring political points.

The worst thing to happen at a political level was the former Assistant Minister for Waste Reduction and Environmental Management, Trevor Evans, losing his seat at the last election. I’m apolitical. My point

about Evans isn’t about the party he was with, but about the person himself. His engagement with the industry. When I first got the job as editor of Inside Waste, he rang me (unsolicited) to have a chat and give his point of view on industry issues.

When the current minister entered office, I rang her press secretary for an interview about her thoughts on where the industry was heading. “Give her a couple a months to get settled in the job,” I was told. “Sure,” I said. Here we are two years later. Crickets chirping. I’m not that important that she needs to talk to me, I’m pointing out a difference in attitude.

Without government being engaged, rooting for the industry, listening to the industry’s needs and wants (instead of thinking about the next election cycle and having knee-jerk reactions to the – sometimes – ill-informed public opinion), I could write this column word for word three years from now and it would still be relevant. And that’s the pity.

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News //

A team of scientists at a Korean university believe a dynamic polymer network’s versatility supports repeated use and recycling. Image: Alinstock/shutterstock.com

Recyclable sensor materials unveiled PROFESSOR Chiyoung Park of the Department of Energy Science and Engineering at DGIST (President Kunwoo Lee) in South Korea, has developed a new material poised to advance highsensitivity recyclable sensor technology.

Working in collaboration with Professor U-hyeok Choi of Inha University (President Cho Myeongwoo), Park’s team created a recyclable highsensitivity sensor based on the dynamic polymer network. This next-generation material is garnering attention for its ability to combine environmental sustainability with high performance.

Existing high-sensitivity sensors have been limited by performance degradation due to fatigue and repeated use. However, the dynamic polymer network developed by the research team maintains excellent sensitivity and durability by using vinylogous urethane bonding. This bonding structure selfheals in response to external stimuli such as temperature, light, and pressure, preventing performance degradation even after repeated use.

The dynamic polymer network is also sensitive to various mechanical movements, heat, and light, and sensors based on the network excel at detecting human body movements. Researchers have demonstrated that the sensors can accurately detect finger bends, changes in facial expressions, and even swallowing movements in the throat.

One of the biggest strengths of the 6 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

technology is that it can maintain the same sensitivity after recycling without any degradation.

Addressing the growing issue of e-waste, the team designed the technology to combine recyclability with high performance. They believe the dynamic polymer network’s versatility supports repeated use and recycling, potentially leading to significant reductions in e-waste.

Their work promises to have farreaching implications not only in sensor technology but also in next-generation electronics, wearable devices, and medical equipment. The team continues to work on commercialising the technology for widespread industrial applications.

“Our material offers excellent processability and can be recycled mechanically or chemically,” said Park.

“The polymer network undergoes a simple recycling process, which we expect will extend the lifespan of electronic devices and wearable sensors, significantly reducing electronic waste.”

The research received support from the Industrial Technology Alchemist Project, funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, and the Basic Research Center Project of the Ministry of Science and ICT. The findings (first author: Gyeonghyeon Choi, integrated MS/PhD student) were published in the Chemical Engineering Journal.

Bald Hill Quarry Pty Ltd Convicted of Five Environment Protection Offences in the Land and Environment Court Bald Hill Quarry Pty Ltd (“BHQ”) has been prosecuted by the Environment Protection Authority (“EPA”), pleaded guilty and was convicted in the Land and Environment Court of NSW (“the LEC”) of five offences against the Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (“POEOA”). The offences arose from BHQ’s use of shredded waste tyres as daily cover for its landfill at Bald Hill instead of virgin excavated natural material (“VENM”) between 14 October 2021 and 9 May 2022, without the EPA’s approval and contrary to its environment protection licence.

On 9 May 2022 there was a fire at the landfill involving the shredded waste tyres which caused air pollution. BHQ failed to notify the EPA and other relevant authorities immediately of a pollution incident which caused or threatened material harm to the environment.

BHQ was convicted of offences against: 1. s 115(1) of the POEOA, for negligently disposing of waste in a manner that was likely to harm the environment; 2. s 126(1) of the POEOA, for dealing with materials in a manner that caused air pollution; 3. s 64(1) of the POEOA, for breaching condition O1.1 of its environment protection licence for failing to carry out landfilling activities in a competent manner; 4. s 64(1) of the POEOA, for breaching condition O5.3 of its environment protection licence for failing to use VENM as daily cover at the landfill; and 5. s 152 of the POEOA, for failing to immediately notify all relevant authorities of a pollution incident causing or threatening material harm to the environment.

On 31 October 2024 the LEC convicted and fined BHQ the amount of $341,000, ordered it to pay the EPA’s costs agreed in the sum of $236,250, and to publish this notice. The LEC’s judgment may be accessed at https://www.caselaw.nsw.gov.au/decision/192df7c0e3dd4bb16ba18189#_ Toc181285784.

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News //

Recycling mistrust unfounded NEW research from Planet Ark has uncovered a widespread misunderstanding among Australians about what happens to their recycling, with about one in three (31 per cent) mistakenly believing that most items in their recycling bins end up in landfill.

This misconception stands in contrast to reality, with most correct items placed in recycling bins successfully processed and recycled. Approximately 80 per cent of all items placed in household recycling bins are recycled, with about 14 per cent not recycled due to contamination (items that shouldn’t be placed there in the first place).

Only the remaining six per cent is not recycled due to breakage or process inefficiencies.

Participants in the research also identified knowledge that most of their recycling was being processed and recycled appropriately as the primary reason people would be more motivated to increase

8 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

About six per cent of household waste is not recycled. Image: Kalyakan/ stock.adobe.com recycling at home. This suggests the misinformation surrounding recycling in landfill is a detractor from people’s recycling efforts and continues to undermine public confidence in the recycling system.

Rebecca Gilling, Planet Ark CEO, expressed concern about how the persistence of these myths and the mistrust they cause hinders progress

on the waste challenges Australia faces.

“It’s vital that Australians know their efforts to recycle do make a difference. The majority of correctly recycled items do not go to landfill, and the system in place is effective at recovering valuable resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and cutting down on the need for raw

material extraction,” she said.

In response to these findings, Planet Ark is redoubling efforts to provide educational resources to clarify what can and cannot be recycled at home, information on items that can be recycled through product stewardship schemes, and how to reduce waste through reuse and repair initiatives.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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Fromthe the CEO’sdesk desk Waste industry needs toinlead lead the way –– government From CEO’s Waste industry needs to governmentwon’t won’t How far have we come 2024?

National Waste ReportininDecember December We can can only only kid for straw breaks thethe camel’s TheThe lastlast National Waste Report We kid ourselves ourselves forsosolong longbefore beforethe the(plastic) (plastic) straw breaks camel’s Environment Ministers will meet for the secondback industry thefires, Queensland embarked the development As we head towards the end of 2024, and a Federal election in 2025, time to take 2022 shows there has been an it’s increase in –industry whetherhowever it is battery packagingGovernment or PFAS. Issueshas keep piling up on andon gothe Environment Ministers will meet for the second however the Queensland Government has embarked development 2022this shows there hasDecember, been an increase in the firstback –ofwhether itmanagement is battery fires,strategy packaging or PFAS. Issues keep piling up and goto time year on 7 following a waste underpinned by a waste disposal levy increase recovery of about one million tonnes over the largely unaddressed. stock of what has been achieved this year. time recovery this yearofon 7 December, following the first of a waste management strategy underpinned by a waste disposal levy to increase about one million tonnes over the largelyrecycling unaddressed.

2018 Meeting of Environment Ministers (MEM) in and recovery and create new jobs.

The State will re-introduce past twoofreporting years, together whereas Australia There are, however, plenty of actions governments couldThe take State to use will less for longer a $70/ Environment Ministers from across Australia will be coming in (MEM) in 2018 Meeting Environment Ministers recycling and recovery and create new jobs. re-introduce a $70/ pastwhich two reporting years, Australia There are,landfill however, plenty of actions governments couldstrong take toattempts use less for longerpolicy April, was in partadditional awhereas response to the importthat tonne levy March 2019.

There also needs over 10 consequential million tonnes to be won’t falllandfill foul of the PCin report.

Most of you haveare probably heard of the nudgeto use December 2024 for what should be one of the most meetings April, which was in part a response to the import tonne levy in March 2019.

There are also strong attempts to use policy needs over 10 additional tonnes tobybe won’t fall(levy foul discounts of economics, the PC report.

Most of youto have probably heard the nudge material restrictions driven by China’s National Swordthat levers andwhich exemptions) incentivise the useofof recycled recovered tomillion hit our 80 per cent target 2030. theory of behavioural attempts to persuade rather than compel of its type in many years. This may be the last meeting for the current Federal restrictions driven by China’s National Sword levers (levy discounts and exemptions) to incentivise the use of recycled material recovered to hiteffects our per target by 2030. of economics, which attempts to persuade rather than compel Policy and this policy has had acrosstheory makespecific it cost competitive with virgin However, little has been done to The the next report duecent out by early next peopleand to behavioural make decisions.

And it strikes mematerial. that we could do with a little of Environment Minister – a Minister that arrived with such80isgreat hope and many Policy and the effects this policy has had (WARR) acrosspeopleand makespecific it cost competitive with virgin material.

However, little has been done to the Australian waste and resource recovery establish new markets and Government has not taken the lead in the procurement The next report is due out by early next to make decisions.

And it strikes me that we could do with a little of year. I guess it remains to be seen if there will that in the WARR space. promises to act and even regulate. theindustry.

Australian waste and resource recovery (WARR) establish new markets and Government has not taken the lead in the procurement Key decisions from theand April material.

There grants available foraction resource recovery guess it remains toindustry be seen if there will inoftherecycled WARR space. beI any material change in recovery rates, givenMEMthatGiven the apparent reluctance of are government to take bold to make the operations But will this be the decisive and year. necessary meeting thatderived wants industry.

Key decisions derived from the April MEM of recycled material.

There are grants available for resource recovery include: in Queensland although have allocated totoassist inthe 2018.operations This is be any material change in that recovery given Given the reluctance of monies government tobeen take to bold actionother make the pace of policy implementation, facility transition to aapparent circular economy a no reality, perhaps we need harness methods needs? One where we will all be pleasantly surprised to learn thererates, was include: in Queensland although no monies have been allocated to assist in 2018. This is troubling as Queensland rolled out its Container Refund Scheme on 1 November, pacetoofdate, policy implementation, facility transition to a circular economy a reality, perhaps we need to harness other methods development real market for to elicit change? method to the tortoise-like pace of the reform and that despitedevelopment what it seems, • Reducing waste generation, endorsing which will likely the cost and revenue models of the State’s MRFs – as we troubling as Queensland rolled out its Container Refund Scheme on 1 November, essential industry nationally.

I attended a Mood of impact the Nation research report presentation from SEC Newgate we really are going to win this race for our both the sake of industry and the planet?afortargetto elicit development and real market development change? of 100% of Australian packaging being recyclable, have seen most recently in NSW. waste generation, endorsing a rate target Australia, which likely theresearch cost revenue models of the MRFs – as we Let’s hope last though, we •doReducing seeour aI shift up from the current recovery andwill gave me some thoughts andand a report few keypresentation takeouts, beyond the obvious This time yearthat I drafted what hoped would be some ofresource the outcomes we essential industry nationally.

I attended ait Mood of impact the Nation from SECState’s Newgate compostable or2024 reusable by 2025, andministers developing ofstill 100% of Australian packaging being recyclable, have seen most NSW. of 63hope per given in 2024 to more than 1.5 million tonnes arate year Australia, like cost-of-living issues, are top thoughts ofin mind for Australians. would seecent, on key issues required at theresource environment Let’s though, that wethat dowesee a need shiftprogress uprecover frominthe current recovery and it gave merecently some and a few key takeouts, beyond the obvious targets forhave recycled content in packaging.

WESTERN AUSTRALIA compostable reusable by million 2025, and a jump we not the research that do not want government to tell meeting Let usseen check in on how we areortracking against it, andtonnes whatdeveloping still of 63 – per cent,(EMM). given in 2024 we previously. still need to recover more than 1.5 a year like Broadly cost-of-living issues,found are top ofwhile mindpeople for Australians.

• Increasing Australia’s domestic recycling capacity.

The Western Australian Government set up a Waste Taskforce in direct We all know what needs to be done to get to this goal – we need to use less for them how to live their lives, they are open to government showing them how to tell doresponse to needs to be done. targets for recycled content in packaging.

WESTERN AUSTRALIA – a jump we have not seen previously.

Broadly the research found that As while people doannouncement, not want government to • Increasing the demand for recycled products. the China National Sword. part of this the State longer. TheAustralia’s reality is that is not hard, but possibly it is brave to try and shift both the thingsThe differently.

It struck me as Government something we could use in WARR to highlight theGovernment • Increasing recycling capacity.

Western Australian set up a Waste Taskforce in direct to We know what needsdomestic toitbe done to get to this goal – we need use less for them how to all livelocal their lives, theyto are openthe to government showing them how to doresponse •all Exploring opportunities to advance waste-to-energy and to waste-to-biofuels. urged councils begin utilisation ofonly a three (3)-bin system - red for National framework consumption and production behaviours of the lucky country. importance of consuming less, making materials last longer, getting what we truly • Increasing the demand for recycled products. the China National Sword.

As part of this announcement, the State Government longer. •The reality isthe that2009 it is not hard,Strategy but possibly it is brave towhich try andwill shift both the differently.

It struck mefor asrecyclables something we WARR waste to highlight Updating Waste by year end,action include circularthings general waste, yellow andcould greenuse forinorganic - overthe the coming WMRR hoped EMM would adopt a national framework for waste and In 2024, we the desperately need co-ordinated government that drives need and shifting to circularity.

• Exploring opportunities to advance urged allconsuming local councils to begin the utilisation a three (3)-bin system consumption and production behaviours ofwaste-to-energy the lucky country. and waste-to-biofuels. importance of less, making materials last longer,ofonly getting what we direction, truly - red for economy principles. years to reduce contamination.

While this taskforce is a step in the right regulation, investment (withbased certain support), genuine market settings In general part, this waste, is why WMRR has been calling forand years for afor well-funded nationwide resource recovery (WARR), onplanning the European Union Waste Directives, tothat becircular • In Updating the 2009 Waste Strategy by year end, which will include yellow for recyclables green organic waste over the coming 2024, we desperately need government action that drives need and tosee circularity. we shifting are yet to any tangible or any funding In October, values recycled materials andco-ordinated local jobs, and genuine green public procurement. education campaign to drive behaviourresults changefrom aboutit consumption.

Wefor areindustry. not implemented from 1 January 2025.green This legislative framework not only establishes economy principles. years to reduce contamination.

While this taskforce is a step in the right direction, regulation, investment (with certain planning support), market settings that In part, thisaWaste is whyAuthority WMRR has been calling forbut years a well-funded nationwide It is time to take stock and examine what has achieved since these decisionstalking the WA released its draft Waste Strategy to 2030, which Seriously, when will we get beyond viewing the use been ofgenuine recycled materials and repaired about ‘what goes in which bin’ campaign, onefor which makes people awarecomprises targets but also embeds the polluter-pays principle and extended producer we are yet to see any tangible results from it or any funding for industry.

In October, were announced.

Now,local seven (7) jobs, months not green seemhabits like a – long time, however comprehensive and detailed roadmap the itState’s valuesproducts recycled and green andmay genuine public procurement. education campaign of to their drive behaviour change abouttowards consumption.

We areshared asmaterials unique behaviours to realising they are mandatory necessary not of theaconsequences choices on the environment – whether relates tonot vision of responsibility.

It is time to take stock and examine what has been achieved since these decisions the WA Waste Authority released its draft Waste Strategy to 2030, which comprises inSadly, that time we seen further close (Malaysia, Vietnam) andtalking becoming a from sustainable, circular economy.

Seriously, when will we get viewing the useHarris of towards recycled materials repaired about a ‘what goes in which bin’ campaign, but one makes peopleoraware just for our industry butbeyond the Asmarkets Kamala said (yep girlIndonesia, crushand here)... “it’s so-called switching goods tolow-waste, services, making better usewhich of existing products there hashave been noplanet. meaningful progress regulation like this in were announced.

Now, seven (7) months may not seem like a long time, however a comprehensive and detailed roadmap towards the State’s shared vision of if you are an operator under continued financial stress, seven (7) months could products as unique behaviours to realising they are mandatory habits – necessary not of the consequences of their choices on the environment – whether it relates to (both) an environmental imperative and economic good”. announced a review of the tackling food waste, as used in the WRAP UK: Net Zero Why Resource Efficiency Holds Australia, though the Federal Government has recently in that time we have seen further markets close (Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam) and becoming a sustainable, low-waste, circular economy. make orand break COMMONWEALTH just for our industry but planet.

Kamala Harris saidand (yep girl crush here)... “it’s so-called switching from goods to services, making better use of existing products or I understand ityou. is the always a fineAs line for governments between showing leadership Answers campaign.

Recycling Waste Reduction Act 2020.

The terms timing are at best vague, theas MEM April, Australia now has Australia’s aWhy newResource Federal Environment Minister, if you are an operator under continued financial stress, seven (7) months on issue and riding roughshod overeconomic public opinion.

Increasingly after two years iscouldtackling OneFollowing that frominin linear circular. currently circularity with no possibility ofimperative being completed before the Federal Election.

We also haveit the (both) anan environmental and good”. foodtransitions waste, used the to WRAP UK:And Netwith Zero Efficiency Holds Following the April MEM, we have had three (3) states step in with varying Melissa Price, who in October reiterated to media MEM’s commitment to explore make or break you.

COMMONWEALTH looking liketothis government frozen inquiry by inaction because change isAgain, Answers rate calculated

by CSIRO at 3.7 per cent compared with global average of 8.6 per reference Productivity Commission’s intoeither the circular economy.

I understand itthe is Federal always a fine line foris governments between showing leadership campaign. degrees of financial assistance for industry (councils and operators).

This should waste to energy as part of the solution to the impacts of China’s National Following theto MEM inlinear April, Australia now has anatural newthe Federal Minister, asand being scary, too big, toopublic risky,the too expensive, too fastafter orno a combination of we really get moving.

Australian’s their environment and jurisdictions (asneed the Commonwealth appears have vacated field ofEnvironment late)circularity – is Sword, this will notriding betoo finalised until well after election and there is guarantee on anseen issue roughshod over opinion.

Increasingly two years itthat is all cent, One that transitions from to circular.tovalue And with Australia’s currently be expected considering almost all states (except Queensland and Tasmania) have which is troubling (EfW is not a solution to recycling).

The Commonwealth has Following the April MEM, we have had three (3) states step in with varying Melissa Price, who in October reiterated to media MEM’s commitment to explore the above. overwhelmingly want to leave it a better place for future generations. not efficient. it will even be adopted by Government when finalised given the Right to Repair looking like this Federal government is frozen by inaction either because change is rate calculated by CSIRO at 3.7 per cent compared with global average of 8.6 per access to significant waste levy income each year.

On the eastern seaboard, Victoria also backed the Australian Recycling Label and endorsed the National Packaging I fear this is where we aretoo now with the Federal Government’s SEC Newgate report also showed strong support for impacts the concept the Has anyone looked at the Battery Directives framework?

Yep, another underNational Report languished since December 2021. degrees ofhas financial assistance for industry (councils andoroperators).

Thisofshould waste toneed energy as part of Australian’s the solution to the of of China’s Sword, seen ashas being too scary, too big, risky, too expensive, too fast arecent combination allFundcent,The we really to get moving. value their natural environment and(APCO), approximately $600 million in and waste levy reserves in the Sustainability Targets developed by theDirectives.

Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation announcement of a Productivity Commission inquiry into the circular economy.

It’s a Federal Government’s Future Made in Australia plans (67 per cent) with only 11 per the above-mentioned EU Waste This approach makes sense in that it Why do we need such a framework such action?

Because we are at 63 per be expected considering almost all states (except Queensland and Tasmania) have which is troubling (EfW is not a solution to recycling).

The Commonwealth has the above. want to leave it ato better place for industry future generations. andresource NSW raises morenationally than $700 per annum from thefast), waste levy.

There isoverwhelmingly which has to date, failed feedback in the development topic that could arguably fall intoincome alland ofmillion the above categories (except but I would cent of people opposed.

Our industry isincorporate key this,Label as we are able to provide the input addresses the end-to-end value chain andto does not setand up yet another collection or Packaging cent recovery alleach the ‘easy” stuff has been done.

Without access to significant waste levy year.

On the eastern seaboard, Victoria also backed the Australian Recycling endorsed the National I fear this is where weofare nowthat withcan the be Federal Government’s recent TheofSEC Newgate report strong support for thethere concept the significant certainly lack funds reinvested into our essential industry. these targets.

Toaalso theshowed Commonwealth’s credit, hasofbeen it alsono falls into – too to ‘making in Australia’.

There really iscategory. a Packaging great opportunity to embed both ‘pay and throw’ scheme for narrow product It is more straightforward meaningful reform toanother generator obligation and areserves consistent playing field for Fund materials hasargue approximately $600 million in late. waste levy inlevel theeconomy.

Sustainability developed byMade the Australian Covenant Organisation (APCO), announcement of a Productivity Commission inquiry into the circular It’s a FederalTargets Government’s Future in Australia plans (67 per cent) with only 11 per coordination in reviewing the National Waste Policy, with the Department of It was with some sadness that I noted the inquiry into the circular economy.

Not WARR and circularity at the heart of the plan. for all involved if there is a clear, consistent overarching framework, where those all (including importers) ensuring that products are safe and able to be recovered, and NSW raises more than $700 million per annum from the waste levy.

There is which has to date, failed to incorporate industry feedback in the development topic because that could arguably fall into all of the above categories (except fast), but I would cent of people opposed.

Our industry is key to this, as we are able to provide the input Funding helps but as we know, the money goes a much longer way with Environment bringing together industry players and States during the review of anyobligations misgivings about thebe PC reinvested (in fact, itand willinto be headed byweJoanne Chong, haven’t seen date onthose that, that but ittake. is not too credit, late. Not there only does thatWe make know themuch rules,toTo not just coupledno with to design sustainably prolong haveindustry. no hopewho of certainly lack of funds and that can ourlife, essential of these targets. the Commonwealth’s hasit reduce been argue itGovernment also falls another – too late. materials to ‘making inalso Australia’. really is a great opportunity to embed both significant support leadership, as well as appropriate policy levers. process. appears eminently qualified), but because fear theplanetary inquiry will be able toThis now be used theCurrently, drain on the planet’s resources and address the climate challenge, it derisks it would appear There thathelp stewardship development is being achieving ourinto national targets, nor livingIwithin boundaries. leads to

coordination in reviewing the plan.

National Waste Policy, with the Department of It as was with someexcuse sadness I noted the inquiry into the circular economy. Not WARR and circularity atby the heart of more the yet another for that government inaction. the Australian making us freeinitial fromstages overseas undertaken byeconomy individual states leading onindependent, resourcing the of shocks the next issue.....

Funding helps but as we know, the money goes a much longer way with Environment bringing together industry players and States during the The review The updated Policy will now go before Environment Ministers 7we December. becauseVICTORIA of anyismisgivings about thesides PC (in it will headed Joanne Chong, who We haven’t muchthe to date onto that, but is notconsistent tooinvest late.

Not onlyondoes itwe reduce There a real risk that both of fact, politics willbe argue they by cannot do anything and grows domestic green jobs.

Back Kamala –it ‘when we in climate, development.

Itseen is hoped goal remains nationally schemes, given Government support and leadership, as well as appropriate policy levers. process.

Victoria has arguably been the most active and earnest supporting the industrythe Commonwealth can play key role – address one that goes beyond the development appears eminently qualified), but because I fear inquiry will beinable to until now the be used drain onwe the planet’s resources and help the climate challenge, it derisks of the Product substantial onstewardship circular economy (or waste andthe resource recovery policy) create jobs, lower costs and wea invest inindustry families’, seriously what isthe notpiecemeal to love? need to learn from both community and frustrations over

post-China, with tworisk (2)and relief packages announced to support theinquiry recyclingthe National Waste Policy.

WMAA ismore supportive ofset theup.

Federal maximising as yetCommission another excuse forback, government inaction.

Australian economy by making usand independent, free fromGovernment overseas Optimistically given the hoped there would be a mandatory reports which isimportance, on the otherI side of the Federal election.

The why aren’t we seeing much more action muchare faster in Australia (it’s not shocks andSo inconsistent ways that schemes policies industry, at acover total of $37 million.

The Victorian Government has also VICTORIA the ittohas, including taxation and – importation powers, to maintain a strong,The The updated Policy will go before Environment Ministers on 7weDecember. could thevalued fig ofscheme the major parties willargue hold onto a lifedo buoy.

Tick, tick, goneand likeWe there islevers aneed Planet B!)?

Let’s hope theto government grasps thisinvest opportunity with product established forwill batteries and like battery-powered also note that, tonow date, the Federal Government has There isbea stewardship real riskleaf that both sides of politics they cannot anything grows domestic green jobs.

Back Kamala ‘when we innot climate, above and beyond all others states by announcing it would take a leadership role sustainable waste and resource recovery industry.

Victoria has arguably been the most active and earnest in supporting the industry Commonwealth can play a key role – one that goes beyond the development of the tick, as we head to 2030....

Not to mention that the PC report on Right to Repair, which both hands. products by 1 July 2025.

The reality is that after a slow start, we are now seeing demonstrated a strong skill set in delivering successful national schemes.

When substantial on circular economy (or waste and resource recovery policy) until the create jobs, we lower costs and we invest in families’, seriously what is not to love? in creating market demand for recycled products. post-China, with two (2) relief packages announced to support the recycling National Waste Policy.

WMAA is supportive of the Federal Government maximising was released on 1 December 2021, has still not been responded to by government.

On the bright side, Newgate’s research highlighted that recycling is now seen some good work progressed by NSW and Victoria to develop a regulatory impact these initiatives are referred to the Federal Environment Department, it often feels Commission reports back, which is on the other side of the Federal election. The inquiry So why aren’t we seeing much more action much faster in Australia (it’s not AHEAD OFitMEM 2including industry, total of major $37 million.

The Victorian Government has also the has, taxation importation powers, toagot maintain a strong, are to the PC inquiry.

Hopefully will, expand as simply something we must do done allmay – that message has statement (RIS)at foracover apositives mandatory scheme for defined battery categories like‘hygiene’ code for ideas and hope initiatives go (well toand die.’

This mean we need new could beMaybe thevalued figthere leaf of the parties willfour hold ontoitlike afor lifeexample, buoy. Tick, tick, gonelike there islevers a–‘where Planet B!)?

Let’s the government grasps this opportunity with SOUTH AUSTRALIA There may be movement across Australia, with some states doing better than circular economy thinking beyond just environment departments given it must be a through), but it really is time we moved the dial so that circularity becomes hygiene (covering small to larger mobility and storage batteries) at this upcoming meeting. paradigm for federation and implementation, which arguably means some states above and beyond all others states by announcing it would take a leadership role sustainable waste and resource recovery industry. tick, asGovernment we head to 2030....

Not to amention that the PC report on Right to Repair, which both hands. announced $12.4 support packageinfrastructure, comprising $2 million oftoo, others, buta to the consensus is, progress is stillWe taking way long.seeing It is evident that paradigm shift that applies tofor whole ofmillion government – treasury, finance just buzz word in yet another framework.

Let’s hope there isdemand alignment and action. working together implement and others joining. lookrecycling to betoo already in creating market recycled products. was released on 1 December 2021, has still not been responded to by government.

Onand thenot bright side, Newgate’s research highlighted that is now seen additional expenditure, $5 million additional funding for a loan scheme, together there are funds available in almost all States to assist with developing andHowever, industry just to thinks name aabout few. This could realise providethis thatongoing impetus.product-byBut the fact is if one this,inquiry they would this with the battery RIS2– with NSW and SA publicly stating they are prepared tosecondary AHEAD OF MEM Maybe there are positives to the PC inquiry.

Hopefully it will, for example, expand as ‘hygiene’ – simply something we must do (well done all – that message has gothappen is with targeted funding from the Industries SA Government hasGayle manufacturing infrastructure, however the only way that this will really we cannot tread water for another 12Green months.

The world is budget. leaving usThe behind.

Sloan, Chief Executive Officer, WMRR product approach to stewardship in Australia – that sucks resources from state go alone.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA There may beismovement across Australia, with somebecomes states hygiene doing better than circular economy thinking beyond just environment departments given it must be a through), but it really time we moved the dial so that circularity also offered grants for recycling infrastructure. if there is government leadership around mandating recycled content in Australia Government announced $12.4ofmillion support packageinfrastructure, comprising $2 million oftoo, and others, buta the progress is still taking way too long. It is evident that paradigm shift that applies toawhole government – treasury, finance notnot just buzzconsensus word in yetis, another framework. now, later. additional expenditure, $5 million additional funding for a loan scheme, together there are funds available in almost all States to assist with developing secondary and industry just to name a few. This inquiry could provide that impetus. But the fact is NEW SOUTH WALES with targeted funding from the Green Industries SA budget.

The Government has manufacturing infrastructure, however the only under way that thisAPCO will really happen is we cannot treadglance, water for another months.eye-watering The world is leaving us behind.

Chiefschemes Executivelike Officer, WMRR At first New South12Wales’ $47 million recycling supportGayle Sloan, Voluntary the Used Packaging NEPM, which is auspiced, also offered grants for recycling infrastructure. if there is government leadership around mandating recycled content in Australia package was heralded as the spark of hope industry needed. However, on closer are not working. We have 1.6million tonnes of packaging waste in Australia, which now, later. inspection, the bulk of this package that was funded via the Waste Less, Recycle needsnot to be used as an input back into packaging. Barriers to using recycled content NEWMore SOUTH WALESand therefore the waste levy, was not new, making it very difficult initiative in civil infrastructure must be identified and removed, and Government must lead At first glance, New including South Wales’ $47 million support Voluntary likeand the Used Packaging NEPM, under which auspiced, for stakeholders, localeye-watering government, to utilise the recycling funds as they were in this fieldschemes and prefer purchase recycled material.

A tax on APCO virgin is material already to the other activities.

Some of the needed. criteria proposed NSW should be imposed as 1.6million it is overseas.

MEM of must show strong leadership on this package wascommitted heralded as spark of hope industry However,byonthe closer are not also working.

We have tonnes packaging waste in Australia, which EPA alsothe made challenging for that industry apply via to these grants.

On Recycle the plus issue. Ministers directly with operators and recycled councils content that inspection, bulkitof this package was to funded the Waste Less, needs to be usedhave, as ansince inputApril, back dealt into packaging.

Barriers to using effortsand aretherefore being made the levy, NSW was Government stimulate demand for arecivil under stress and we have chance toand create jobs andand investment in Australia Moreside, initiative theby waste not new,to making it very difficult in infrastructure must beaidentified removed, Government must lead recycled content through the intergovernmental agency working groups that at a time when manufacturing is declining.

Ministers have the opportunity be for stakeholders, including local government, to utilise the funds as they were in this field and prefer and purchase recycled material. A tax on virgin to material have been established, though no tangible increase in demand or facilities have leaders of today, not procrastinators – leaders of tomorrow and we are urging already committed to other activities. Some of the criteria proposed by the NSW should also be imposed as it is overseas. MEM must show strong leadership on this developed… Yet. them to act and not just talk in December.

EPA also made it challenging for industry to apply to these grants. On the plus issue.

Ministers have, since April, dealt directly with operators and councils that side, efforts are being made by the NSW Government to stimulate demand for are under stress and we have a chance to create jobs and investment in Australia QUEENSLAND Gayle Sloan recycled content through the intergovernmental agency working groups that at a time when manufacturing is declining. Ministers have the opportunity to be Unlike its neighbours, Queensland did not provide any financial support to Chief Executive Officer have been established, though no tangible increase in demand or facilities have leaders of today, not procrastinators – leaders of tomorrow and we are urging 12 INSIDEWASTE INSIDEWASTEOCT/NOV DEC 2024/JAN 8 2024 2025 Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au developed… Yet. them to act and not just talk in December.

Inside_Waste_1811.indd 2 QUEENSLAND Unlike its neighbours, Queensland did not provide any financial support to

Gayle Sloan Chief Executive Officer

5/11/2018 2:53:23 PM

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// WMRR News

National packaging laws Again, see previous – why can’t we adopt and accept the approaches taken in the EU? With the successful adoption of a national framework, like what we have recently seen in the EU with the adoption of the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive 94/62/EC, this would again provide a consistent framework under which everything flows. Better still, many of the multinationals that import to Australia already operate under this regime.

In theory, it was a bit of a relief to finally see a document on regulating packaging. After 15 months of handwringing since there was national agreement to introduce design rules and regulate packaging, and over two decades of failed and ineffective policy – this is probably the best we can say.

WMRR’s full response to the packaging proposal can be found in our submission, but in short, it is disappointing there was little consideration of the systems thinking required across all three waste streams. In all honesty haven’t we moved beyond ‘recyclable’ as the measure? Instead, it must be ‘actually recycled’, and in Australia given the export restrictions, this means creating

infrastructure and ensuring market demand for recycled materials.

Regrettably none of the options proposed provided for a funded scheme –including market development and packaging recovery at scale – to address the capacity shortfall the paper highlights. Packaging reform needs to drive the necessary shifts to achieve a regulated scheme that meets the targets set, as well as building a safe circular system for all packaging at scale (not just what goes through the household). The current consultation paper fails to do this. It also failed to consider other current legislation such as export restrictions and container deposit systems – both of which are part of the packaging ecosystem.

One can only hope the consultation is genuine and the government listens.

Conclusion There remains a lot to be done, and a lot could be done with strong considered regulation from the Minister who arrived prepared to ‘regulate’. I have every digit crossed that we will see the brave and clever regulation soon, so that we can create a circular economy in Australia and stop going around in circles.

There was a lot of hope riding on the new minister who promised to act and regulate. Image: Sue Martin/Shutterstock.com.au

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// Energy from Waste

Melbourne councils looks to EfW to solve residual waste woes (Continued from the Cover) “They did so because I think they had a sense of risk greater than their appetite to take those risks,” he said.

And the influence it took to get the other nine onboard? Cummins said there were several conversations with the other councils, and with people within his own community, and a familiar theme emerged.

“The easiest way I’ve found into these conversations with people in the community is the contrast with what we currently do with waste, which is essentially sticking it in a hole and burying it, recovering nothing and producing significant amounts of methane gas,” he said.

“Once people get an understanding that we’re not talking about a 44-gallon drum with a few holes poked in and rubbish being incinerated –

we’re talking about a very advanced piece of technology that has been used extensively around the world. Once we tell them it is a proven technology and is heavily regulated – I think people start to feel a bit better about the process. Also, once you talk about the comparative greenhouse gas emissions compared to landfill, people start to feel more comfortable.”

Cummins has also engaged with a climate change action group based in Bayside, who are agitated at the facility being given the go ahead.

“I sat down with them, went through how we’re approaching this and the alternatives available,” he said. “And whilst they still had some reservations, they went away feeling more relaxed about this as a solution and getting ourselves off landfill. I think everyone agrees that landfill is a primitive way of dealing with waste.”

Bayside City CEO Mick Cummins.

Image: Bayside City Council

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15

Energy from Waste //

Community collaboration was a key factor getting councils onboard, according to Cummins.

Image: Rawpixel.com/shutterstock

“It is a cost that will escalate over the period of the contract, but in a way that it will be substantially less than the rate of increase in landfill costs.”

Cummins is at pains to point out that the council’s decision to send their residual waste to landfill wasn’t something that happened off the cuff over a cup of coffee at the local café.

It has been more than six years in the making after they realised that the last landfill in southeast Melbourne has a life of about another five years before it is full. The councils wondered aloud what the future would look like without a viable landfill, and so they started looking around for alternatives.

“My infrastructure director at the time had been involved in an ongoing series of meetings and was of the view that if this project was to gain traction, it needed the CEOs of the 16 councils in the southeastern Melbourne to be on board,” he said.

“We convened a meeting of 16 CEOs, which has pretty much kick started this process, with the assistance of the state government who funded the procurement.”

The Council’s formed a separate company, South Eastern Metropolitan Advanced Waste Processing, to undertake the procurement and each Council provided a Board member and these nine people have guided the way forward.

That was four years ago, and as 16 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

Cummins tells it, they have “been all over the place in terms of trying to find effective solutions” – ideas that were commercially viable and would produce the right sort of outcomes.

He said one of the complications – which everybody knew was going to be an issue from the get-go – was trying to get 16 councils to agree on the same outcome, which is why the number dropped to nine. However, he points out that at the end of the day something needed to be done, and they came together to find a workable solution.

Finding a common ground with the consortium who are building the facility did have its ups and downs as the negotiations were carried out, but Cummins said that they were about to “land a deal that we felt was commercially viable for councils”. The outcome was a quid pro quo deal that suits both entities.

“We provided a minimum waste guarantee, which is less than the waste that we’re likely to be generating,” he said. “That allows them to get the appropriate financial backing on board for the project, because these are very expensive pieces of equipment to build. They needed to have guaranteed access to a minimum volume of waste. In return

for that, we got long-term access to the facility at a competitive rate.”

It is a rate that will escalate over the period of the contract, but in a way that will be substantially less than the rate of increase in landfill costs. Cummins said that once all the resources/waste have been reused or recycled, there will be about one per cent left over that will be taken to the facility.

It will be a close call as to whether all the pieces would fall into place because the facility is due to come online in 2029, about the same time the landfill is due to close. The councils did look briefly at other alternatives but another solution they looked into would mean a lot of the waste would be transported through built-up areas of Melbourne, which was not feasible.

What has the feedback from the various councils’ communities been like? Overall, Cummins said, the support was at about 77 per cent in favour from ratepayers and those in the Maryvale area where the facility is being built.

“I think it genuinely does have community support down in LaTrobe Valley,” he said. “It will bring employment, and it also provides some certainty to access to energy

for the paper mill, which is also an important employer in the local community.

“I’ve got no doubt that there are people out there who think that burning waste is not the way to go, but none of them have demonstrated an alternative other than some sort of magic wand strategy. They will wave something at it and the waste will disappear. That’s not the world we’re living in.”

Cummins realises there is sensitivity around EfW facilities, but if anti-EfW advocates dig a little deeper, they will realise the alternative is worse. He said he could understand the sensitivity around EfW facilities, but believes the focus should be on the negative implications of landfills and their impact on the environment.

Councils across Australia have got historical landfills that they’re still trying to clean up from a greenhouse gas emissions point of view, but also there are other ongoing issues such as groundwater contamination and migration of methane.

“There wouldn’t be a council in Australia that’s not battling with these problems from historical landfill use,” he said. “People don’t understand just how appalling landfill is as an option.”

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

Packaging Recycling //

Higher fees good incentive Fees could lead to more domestic processing.

Image: Panchenko Vladimir/shutterstock.com

By Rob Kelman AS Mike Ritchie recently detailed (Oct/Nov issue of Inside Waste) and as industry also agrees, Australia will go nowhere near meeting its packaging recovery and associated targets. So, the Commonwealth Government has outlined a plan to adopt some form of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) scheme for packaging.

But as I outlined earlier this year, packaging manufacturers and users will do everything they can to avoid paying the ‘full net costs of recycling’, which is the basis for the best performing European packaging EPR schemes.

The key to an effective packaging recovery scheme in Australia will be the scheme fees. If these are too low, as the Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation (APCO) is outlining, it will simply fall over as the Redcycle scheme did. Scheme fees run right through successful European EPR schemes that Australia should be emulating, from collection, processing and end markets.

These fees will of course differ for packaging formats based on ecomodulation. Fees would be offset for 18 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

instance by the sale of the material; but importantly, fees will in effect ‘force’ the outcomes we want including much greater domestic processing (and some exports will also remain and could be useful as we transition to more domestic demand).

If for instance a producer packages in cardboard (e.g. a Weetbix box) the fees will be relatively low. The cardboard is easy to collect, fully recyclable and there are viable existing processing facilities and end markets.

A composite plastic package on the other hand that is difficult to recycle, has few existing processing facilities, a narrow range of end markets and to which the recovered materials will compete against cheaper virgin materials fees will be higher.

Fees in this case will of course cover scheme admin and collection costs but also end market outcomes. This could include subsidies for recovered processed materials against its virgin competitors in order to guarantee off-take contracts necessary for Australian industry to invest in new processing facilities.

Best performing European packaging EPR schemes embody this notion of ‘full net costs of recycling’.

Fees across Europe (Austria, Belgium, Germany) for multi-layer plastic for instance are in the order of $1000+ per tonne ‘put on market’. These fees cover: • Collection including financial distributions to councils for their existing kerbside recovery programs. This rightly shifts the cost burden for packaging recovery from councils and rate payers to producers and users of packaging.

• There may be additional collection programs such as retail or public place also funded by the scheme, but in reality, kerbside across Europe as it does in Australia forms the back-bone of the collection system • Material Recovery Facility (MRF) upgrades and new builds. The Belgium scheme itself invests in the construction of new MRFs, and additional sorting technologies for effective recovery will be required across Australia.

• Processing and subsidies for end markets in order to ensure private sector investment in such facilities.

APCO is leading industry efforts to inform the Commonwealth on their preferred approach and are proposing

a scheme that does not cover the full net costs of recycling. Some in industry are perversely suggesting Australia should limit its targets and ambitions on the basis of ‘why collect more packaging if we can only process a small portion of that which is currently generated’!

Additional regulations will be required for packaging in Australia including bans on certain impossibleto-recycle packaging formats, reuse requirements and bans on singleuse items and recycled content mandates, which can additionally drive demand for recovered materials.

But, the whole point of an EPR scheme is to drive up collection, processing and end markets.

The scheme should be designed to achieve ambitious outcomes including ensuring new processing facilities can be invested in by industry with certainty. If we don’t embed this principle, and the appropriate scheme costs, it will simply show we have learnt nothing from the Redcycle collapse.

Robert Kelman is a director of Asia Pacific Reloop.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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Commercial food waste //

Commercial food waste collections coming to NSW (Continued from the Cover) Interestingly, the EPA has decided to use the size of the red (residual) bin out the back of the business as the threshold test for whether they are included in the mandate or not.

This is with the exception of supermarkets, which are tested based on floor area.

Why use the size of the red bin as the threshold test? I assume it is because it is easy to see and to test. So, how will it work?

From 2025 to 2029 the threshold will slowly reduce to capture more food waste generators. Excellent plan. Here is the test for premises: • ≥3,800L of residual waste bin capacity to start on 1 July 2025; • ≥1,900L of residual waste bin capacity to start on 1 July 2027, and • ≥660L of residual waste bin capacity to start on 1 July 2029.

As a result, by 2029 most large businesses in NSW that generate food waste will have dedicated food

20 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

collection system. Small businesses, e.g. those with a single 240 litre garbage bin, will not be included in the mandate.

The EPA is proposing part or full exemptions for some businesses in special circumstances (which makes sense). We don’t know the colour and flavour of that but having discretion is sensible.

For building complexes (think Westfields), the requirement will be on the property manager, not the individual tenants. How that is then translated to tenants is not spelled out, but I assume there will be an obligation for Westfields to get its tenants to follow suit.

Each business will need to provide enough organics bins to meet the food waste generation rate for that business and they cannot mix the food waste with general waste thereafter.

The Government hasn’t drafted the regulations yet, but they are talking about all the normal enforcement procedures and penalties for noncompliance.

Interestingly, they are asking local councils to take on most of the normal monitoring and enforcement.

That aligns with council business, but I suspect local government will be asking for some funding support at least while the system is being rolled out.

What does it mean for NSW businesses?

In MRA’s view it will not have much impact on large supermarkets.

Most of them have been running food waste collection systems for years.

MRA has worked with all the major supermarkets to set up farmers’ food waste collection systems, food donation and composting systems.

Doing so is good for the planet and generates ACCUs (carbon offset credits). It will however stimulate action by a few smaller supermarkets and those in the inner city for whom farmers programs etc have proven difficult or costly. These will be in the scheme and must introduce new food collection. That is a good thing.

For the rest of business in NSW it will mean tendering or seeking quotes for a new FO (Food Organics) collection service. Easily done and there are now plenty of waste and recycling companies offering that service.

There are also plenty of composters and green energy generators (such as anaerobic digestion) willing to take the organics.

There is no lack of interest and investment to grow these markets.

On the downside, MRA is a bit concerned that some food waste generators might try to “game” the bin threshold test by simply replacing large bins with smaller bins collected more frequently. However, they will be captured in later years as the threshold reduces so it should not be a big problem. Time will tell.

Probably the biggest risk we see is that a business owner might decide that the inconvenience of separating food waste is too

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Commercial food waste

great. They could simply rent a food collection bin, put it out the back, but never use it. It would be up to a council officer to discover the rort. Currently, food waste collection and processing is generally more expensive than landfill for most businesses – this is a potential outcome at least for a small number of business owners.

Hence, we would expect the EPA using some of the landfill levy funds to support local government enforcement and training.

As smaller businesses implement commercial organics, contamination in COFO is likely to rise, therefore collectors need to work with their clients to minimise this issue. The EPA should be proactively involved by delivering relevant education programs, another worthwhile use of levy funds.

With those minor caveats, we congratulate the NSW EPA and the Minister Penny Sharpe for delivering on this reform.

It will improve resource recovery, create hundreds of jobs, reduce landfill consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

It will generate almost 500,000 t/ year of additional organics for use in green energy generation and compost manufacture.

This will be great for NSW, and we hope that other States follow.

Correctional facilities are also a target of the new food waste legislation. Image: Neil Mitchell/shutterstock.com

Supermarkets are a key area targeted by the NSW government in its manadated collection of food waste. Image: ArieStudio/ shutterstock.com

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

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// AORA

A transition to certified compostable produce stickers

By John McKew AN agreement has been reached between the fresh produce industry and composting organisations to accelerate the transition to certified compostable Price Look Up (PLU) stickers. This intent was reached at a meeting in Niagara Falls, Canada, on October, 1 with the discussions leading to the agreement to develop a multi-phase framework to support this transition through the development and adoption of a global standard for compostable PLUs. The planned transition to certified compostable PLUs in the European Union (EU) by 2028 provides the added momentum to accelerate a worldwide adoption to this collective goal. Additional meetings within the fresh produce and composting sectors are planned in the coming months to expand engagement and finalise the action plan by the end of 2024.

“Moving to a certified compostable format for PLUs is a priority for organics recycling facilities,” said John McKew, National Executive Officer, Australian Organics Recycling Association, and member of the International Compost Alliance (ICA).

“The current plasticised format is not compatible with producing quality compost, nor can the stickers be easily removed during the organics recycling process. This can result in the collected organics being sent to landfill or incineration, contributing to climate change, and diminishing a crucial resource to build soil health.

Because of the global sourcing network for produce, the members of the International Compost Alliance applaud the produce industry in recognising the importance of this transition and its timeliness to ensure both our industries can positively contribute to food production and supply as well as take care of the health and well-being of our soils.”

“CPMA is delighted to see the fresh produce and composting industries work together towards a global standard for compostable PLU stickers.

Given PLUs are an integral part of global fresh produce supply chains, this global dialogue is a must,” said CPMA President Ron Lemaire. “Accelerating the adoption of compostable PLUs is a global priority given the risk that

The adoption by most OECD countries of a universal compostable Price Look Up sticker is now in the planning stage. Image: Oasisamuel/ shutterstock.com

compostable PLU requirements will increasingly diverge from country to country. The coming together of fresh produce and composting industries will help reduce the burden on complex fresh produce supply chains, while also ensuring that food waste is increasingly recycled into value-added products.”

The meeting was jointly organised by the Canadian Produce Marketing Association (CPMA) and the Compost Council of Canada, with the support of the Government of Canada. In-person and virtual attendance included representatives of the fresh produce industry, including members of the International Federation of Produce Standards – IFPS (the International Fresh Produce Association, United Fresh New Zealand, CPMA, Fruit and Vegetable Growers of Canada), Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers Association (OFVGA), as well as technical experts from global PLU manufacturers. The global compost industry was represented through the International Compost Alliance (ICA) with in-person representation from Australia, the United States, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Italy, the European Union, and Canada.

Government representatives from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) were also in attendance.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

The meeting provided an opportunity for the fresh produce industry and composting industry to better understand their respective positions on PLU stickers. This included the fresh produce industry outlining the critical role PLUs play in helping accurately and effectively identify fresh produce for enhanced traceability, inventory control and pricing at retail. The composting industry outlined the impacts of discarded PLU stickers accompanying fresh produce waste sent to organics recycling, including consumer-sourced, commercial, and business organic waste sources. Given most PLU stickers are currently non-compostable and difficult to remove, physically contaminating the organics recycling process and adversely impacting the finished compost quality and value, the meeting provided a strategic opportunity to identify a way forward, which recognises each industry’s respective priorities.

Through open and collaborative dialogue, industry representatives acknowledged the need to accelerate the development and adoption of certified compostable PLUs. Given the global nature of fresh produce supply chains, and the potential regional variability of industrial composting processing requirements, industry representatives acknowledged the benefit of working together to develop

and adopt a single global standard for compostable PLU stickers. The stickers need to be compatible with compost standards around the world. It was also recognised that these efforts could help promote the increased recycling of organic materials, helping contribute to the reduction of food loss and waste.

Outcomes of the meeting included identifying a draft framework to move forward, including the draft elements of a global compostable PLU standard, comprised of compositional as well as in-field testing requirements. A draft multi-phased roadmap towards timely and global adoption of a standard that reflects the evolving global regulatory landscape was also identified.

Next steps include broader engagement of industry representatives with their respective regional and global counterparts to disseminate the meeting’s key findings. This will include broader engagement with fresh produce stakeholders in the EU and other key markets where PLU requirements are rapidly evolving. A Compostable PLU Standard Action Plan will be developed and launched by industry stakeholders before the end of 2024, leading to actions to promote and accelerate the development and adoption of certified compostable PLUs starting in 2025.

DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

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PIPA //

The Construction Plastics Recycling Scheme has so far collected 14 tonnes of off-cuts. Image: PIPA

Plumbing industry leads way with recycling scheme

IN November 2021, the Master Plumbers’ Association of Queensland (MPAQ) and the Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia (PIPA) launched the Construction Plastics Recycling Scheme pilot program with key industry partners to educate and divert PVC offcuts from landfill.

The scheme works with collection bins placed in locations where PVC offcuts are generated. This includes TAFE and training colleges, construction and housing sites, and merchant stores, providing facilities for plumbers and drainers at locations they frequently visit. These bins are collected by PVC pipe manufacturers, sorted, audited and then the usable material is recycled back into non-pressure PVC pipes. The data from the audit is recorded and reported to the State Government and is also used by the plastic pipes industry to advocate the environmental and sustainability benefits of PVC pipes and fittings.

The Construction Plastics Recycling Scheme officially began with collection 24 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

bins delivered to seven participating locations across South East Queensland (SEQ). In 2022, the Scheme extended into phase 2, celebrating National Recycling Week and growing its locations to 16 across SEQ. Throughout the duration of the scheme – with phases one and two successfully completed – there have been learnings and insights into the operation and collection, including the importance of behavioural change and education.

“It can’t be underestimated the important of education when it comes to these types of schemes and behaviour change takes time,” said Penny Cornah, executive director of MPAQ. “The growth of participation into phase 3 shows the change plumbers and other stakeholders want to take when it comes to recycling. This year we have seen the scheme expand to 40 locations across a broader region of Queensland, including regional and the addition of recyclers to the locations. One of the objectives of the scheme is to have this

across all of Queensland and replicated across other states – becoming our industry norm”.

To date, the scheme has collected 14 tonnes of off-cuts, which is a relatively low number compared to the amount of PVC pipe used each year and this is thanks to the durability and long service life. However, it has been identified within the installation of PVC pipes in plumbing applications off-cuts are generated and this resource needs to be diverted from landfill.

The off-cuts are 100 per cent recyclable and can be recycled up to 8-10 times. It’s critical to understand the volume to enable the plastic pipes industry to educate its position, especially when it comes to policy recycling targets and to look to economically viable solutions to capture this resource and re-use and recycle.

PIPA Executive General Manager, Cindy Bray, said the key to a circular economy is designing products to last.

“One of the common plastics used for pipe production is PVC; thanks to its

durability and long service life, typically more than 100 years. This material is found on all building sites today,” she said.

Although most of the PVC goes into the buildings, there can be off cuts that can be reused and reprocessed into new PVC pipes. Overall, the process of producing, recycling, and reusing pipes have minimal environmental effects highlighting the never-ending benefits to implementing the Scheme.

Plastic pipes are smart, efficient, and sustainable, providing long-lasting and reliable infrastructure both now and into the future.

So, how can you help and get involved? It’s easy. Jump on board and participate in the Construction Plastics Recycling Scheme, check out the collection locations, continue the conversation on the recyclability of PVC off-cuts and begin separating your off-cuts on site. It doesn’t matter how small the volume is collectively; it’s a valuable resource that can be diverted from landfill and recycled.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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// Circular economy

A fifth of our greenhouse gas abatement will come from the way we manage materials.

Image: bilanol/stock.adobe.com

. . to become . How truly circular

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, g t .

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THE concept of a circular economy (CE) is increasingly seen as a gamechanger for tackling the global challenges of resource recovery, waste management, and sustainable development. However, achieving true circularity is a complex and multifaceted endeavour, far from being a universal remedy. Despite growing interest in CE, the gap between current practices and the ideal remains significant.

At the recent Waste Expo Australia in Melbourne, Dr. Heinz Schandl, CSIRO Environment’s CE lead, delivered a seminar titled Advancing Australia’s Circular Economy Transition – Economic and Policy Implications. In his presentation, Schandl laid bare Australia’s position in its CE journey and the ambitious steps needed to realise meaningful progress. His message was clear: while gains have been made, much more needs to be done to integrate circularity into Australia’s economy effectively.

“Under current policies, the indicators suggest that while the resource recovery industry will continue to grow, the circularity rate will not,” Schandl said. “With targeted circular economy policies, we could reduce domestic material consumption slightly, stabilise the material footprint, and even lower it per capita.”

The circularity gap: where we are and where we need to be The circularity rate measures the proportion of materials re-entering the economy after use. In Australia, this rate is a mere 4 per cent, highlighting the enormous scope for improvement. Schandl emphasised that improving resource productivity could enhance this rate, with benefits extending beyond waste reduction to include economic gains and climate action.

“Improving resource productivity and material efficiency is critical,” Schandl explained. “For example, in Australia, better management of materials could contribute to at least a fifth of our greenhouse gas abatement targets. Beyond emissions reductions, this also has substantial economic benefits.”

Schandl pointed to global studies by organisations such as the OECD and UNEP, which show that investing in CE practices yields short-term economic gains and better long-term outcomes.

These studies underscore the importance of linking circular economy strategies with broader sustainability goals, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions and conserving resources.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

Challenges for high-income economies For high-income nations like Australia, reducing the material footprint is particularly challenging. Economic growth and population increase often drive higher consumption, complicating efforts to decouple resource use from development. Schandl noted that countries such as Japan and the Netherlands face similar challenges but have made more progress in transitioning to circularity.

“High-income economies have deeply ingrained consumption patterns that are hard to break,” he said. “However, countries like Japan and the Netherlands provide valuable lessons on how to integrate circular practices into the economy without compromising development.”

Learning from global leaders Japan, a pioneer of the “reduce, reuse, recycle” policy, has embraced CE principles for decades. Similarly, the Netherlands leads in green initiatives, with its circularity rate reaching an impressive 30 per cent. These nations have implemented systemic changes, including national policies, infrastructure investments, and societal shifts, to embed circular practices across industries.

Schandl compared waste flows and material streams in Australia, Japan, and the Netherlands, identifying key similarities and differences.

For example, Australia generates slightly more waste from fossil fuel streams, while Japan produces more biomass waste. The Netherlands, due to its unique geography, generates significant waste from dredging activities.

“Despite these differences, the overall waste streams are not drastically different,” he said.

“However, when it comes to circularity rates, the numbers tell a different story. Japan achieves 20 per cent circularity, and the Netherlands leads at 30 per cent, while Australia lags at just 4 per cent.”

Bridging the circularity gap To address this gap, Schandl explored hypothetical scenarios to illustrate the potential and limitations of various strategies. For instance, shifting entirely to renewable energy might reduce Australia’s reliance on fossil fuels but would have minimal impact on the circularity rate.

“This is because coal ash, a byproduct of coal burning, is currently recycled in cement production,” he explained. “Eliminating coal ash removes this contribution to DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

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// Circular economy

Japan was the first country to adopt the reuse and recycle mantra. Image: Mahathir Mohd Yasin/shutterstock.com

Dr Heinz Schandl circular economy lead at CSIRO Environment.

Image: Heinz Schandl

circularity, demonstrating how complex the relationship between energy systems and material flows can be.”

28 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

Schandl also considered the impact of recycling all landfill waste, a radical but illustrative scenario. Even under this assumption, the circularity rate would rise only to 5.3 per cent.

Incorporating modest recycling of mining waste could increase it further to around 6.3 per cent. Taken together these strategies would raise Australia’s circularity rate to 8 per cent.

“Achieving an 8 per cent circularity rate would represent significant progress, doubling our current rate,” he said. “However, it still leaves us far behind global leaders like Japan and the Netherlands.”

Rethinking circularity: material footprint vs. managed materials Schandl highlighted the importance of rethinking how circularity is measured.

Traditional metrics often focus on the proportion of recycled materials relative

to the overall amount of materials that are managed in the economy. However, shifting the focus to the material footprint, the total resources required for consumption independent from where they are sources from, offers a more comprehensive perspective.

“When we consider the material footprint as a denominator for calculating the circularity rate, Australia’s circularity rate changes profoundly,” Schandl said. “Under this approach, Australia achieves a 13 per cent circularity rate, surpassing Japan’s 12 per cent but still trailing the Netherlands’ 15 per cent.”

This broader perspective underscores the global nature of CE challenges. While individual countries can improve their practices, global collaboration is essential to address systemic issues, such as the production of agricultural and mining materials that underpin global consumption.

Toward a circular economy transition pathway Schandl called for a clear and actionable CE transition pathway to guide Australia’s efforts. He expressed optimism about the federal government’s forthcoming national CE framework, which aims to consolidate national efforts and accelerate CE initiatives across sectors.

“Having a national framework is an important step,” he said. “But true progress requires international alignment.

“We need global agreements on CE goals, similar to the climate and netzero targets already in place.”

He emphasised the importance of high-level indicators to measure progress, linking CE targets with planetary boundaries, human wellbeing, and socio-economic outcomes.

“Circular economy is, after all, about the economy,” Schandl said.

“Its purpose is to avoid prematurely

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Circular economy

losing the economic value of materials.

Achieving this requires a systemic approach, addressing all material flows – energy, technical, and biological – and rethinking provision systems, including housing, mobility, energy, and food.”

The role of innovation and systems thinking Schandl also cautioned against pursuing CE innovations without considering the broader system.

While digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and other advancements are essential, they must be integrated into a holistic strategy that addresses key provision systems.

“For example, domestic manufacturing capabilities are crucial for circularity,” he said. “If we cannot produce the components and materials needed for housing, mobility, energy, and food systems locally, we will struggle to achieve true circularity.”

The way forward: a coordinated approach Schandl concluded with a call for thoughtful and coordinated action.

While the vision of a circular economy inspires many, he urged stakeholders to think critically about how such an economy would function in practice.

“To be champions of a circular economy, we must first understand its complexities,” he said. “Innovations are important, but they must be underpinned by systemic changes in how we consume, produce, and manage resources.”

The path to a truly circular economy is challenging, but with strategic policies, global cooperation, and a commitment to systemic transformation, it is achievable. As Schandl reminded the audience, the goal is not just to recycle more but to fundamentally rethink how resources are used, ensuring a sustainable future for both the planet and its people.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

Schandl said there is a reason it is called the Circular Economy – it’s because we want to keep the economic value of a product.

Image: Miha Creative/shutterstock.com

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Product Stewardship //

B-cycle scheme moving toward greater regulation

By Inside Waste THE Battery Stewardship Council (BSC) is leading the charge on battery recycling in Australia, with its B-cycle Scheme undergoing a review. This review aims to assess the scheme’s current progress while laying the groundwork for future improvements.

Libby Chaplin, CEO of BSC, emphasises the importance of this review.

“We’re at a critical point where action must be taken to address the exponential increase in used batteries, their changing risk profile and recycling costs,” she said. “The review of the B-cycle Scheme will help us stay ahead of this challenge, but we also need to push for stronger regulations to ensure batteries are recycled safely and sustainably.”

Key challenges facing battery recycling The scheme has made notable strides, including the collection of over 2.9 30 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

million kilograms of batteries in 2023-24, with more than 5,200 dropoff points established nationwide.

With 90 per cent of the loose battery market and 60 per cent of the power tool battery market participating, B-cycle’s together with its recycling partners, have helped recover 73 per cent of the materials processed from batteries. However, several key challenges persist: • Managing cost fluctuations – fluctuating imports and escalating costs for recyclers make it difficult to sustain operations due to inconsistent income and rising expenses.

• Free riding – some businesses still “free-ride,” benefiting from the scheme without contributing financially, which limits the scheme’s overall impact.

• Battery-related fires – the increasing incidence of fires in waste and recycling facilities, especially from lithium-ion

batteries, poses financial and safety risks.

• Static financial model – the current model does not fully support the needs of the expanding battery recycling sector.

• Australia’s small battery recycling sector – the limited infrastructure makes it difficult to scale operations to meet the growing demand for recycling.

• Variable risks of different battery types – handling different types of batteries, such as button batteries and cadmium-based chemistries, adds complexity to recycling efforts.

“We’ve made significant progress, but we need stronger regulations to address free riding and enable the scheme to manage the diverse range of battery chemistries, particularly problematic ones like lithium and cadmium,” said Chaplin.

Scheme review consultations and expected changes BSC has consulted widely during the Scheme review, engaging more than 350 stakeholders through forums in Brisbane, Melbourne, and Sydney, alongside industry meetings and online surveys. The feedback has been invaluable in refining policy settings to future-proof the scheme.

Key changes include a shift towards eco-modulated levies, designed to improve circularity in the battery lifecycle. Importers are being asked to prepare their systems for reporting on different battery chemistries by July 2025, with full implementation expected in 2026.

The expanded scope of the scheme is also being explored, with a proposal to include vapes due to environmental concerns over their disposal.

“These consultations are shaping a stronger scheme,” said Chaplin.

“We’re addressing stakeholder

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Product Stewardship

One of the BSC’s main focusses is to get free-riders included in the B-Cycle scheme. Image: Shutterstock/wk1003Mike

concerns, from managing new battery types to setting up a cost recovery model to ensure the longterm viability of the system. As a result of feedback, we are refining the approach including a move to performance-based recycling rebates, building on the approach used by the Used Oil Scheme.”

B-cycle’s push for regulatory reform BSC is also pushing for regulatory reform to compel greater participation in voluntary schemes and curb free riding. A draft Regulatory Impact Statement is expected by the end of 2024, outlining how regulation can enhance the effectiveness of the Scheme.

“The success of B-cycle 2.0 hinges on regulatory frameworks that support sustainability. We’ve submitted draft rules to demonstrate how free riders can be brought into the fold, including online sales. We are working closely with Federal, State and Territory governments to integrate stronger rules for responsible battery management,” Chaplin said.

Safety remains a key focus, particularly given the rising number of battery-related fires. BSC’s Never Bin Your Batteries and This

The Battery Stewardship Council is looking to include vapes as part of the scheme.

Tape Saves Lives campaigns have raised awareness about the risks of improper battery disposal, urging the public to take preventive measures.

“The increasing number of lithiumion battery fires is a wake-up call. We need consumers to understand how simple actions, like taping battery terminals, can prevent fires and protect both the environment and public health,” said Chaplin.

The Scheme’s campaign and growth Looking ahead, BSC has several new initiatives planned for 202425, including a household battery recycling awareness campaign to run

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

over the summer. This will focus on safety during the gift-giving season, encouraging the proper disposal of lithium-ion batteries. Additionally, State-based awareness campaigns will continue to be rolled out across the country, aiming to encourage behaviour change through targeted messaging. Chaplin outlined the organisation’s proactive approach.

“We’re not only tackling the current challenges but preparing for what’s to come,” she said. “Whether it’s expanding the scheme to cover vapes or adjusting our financial models to stay competitive with landfill costs, we’re ensuring that B-cycle is future-proofed.”

What’s next?

As the scheme review progresses, the BSC is preparing for key changes, including seeking re-authorisation from the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC).

The changes will require free rider regulation and include increased public awareness and improved financial support for recyclers and collectors.

“We encourage all stakeholders to engage with this process,” said Chaplin. “Now is the time to have your voice heard, to contribute ideas and ensure we build a scheme that meets the needs of all participants while continuing to protect our environment.”

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Battery Waste //

Lithium Safety Drums provide a secure method for storing and transporting batteries.

Images: Ecobatt

The Risks of improper battery disposal AS consumers increasingly rely on electronic devices to power their everyday lives, the use of batteries has grown exponentially. From mobile phones and laptops to electric vehicles and household tools, batteries power devices that are integral to modern living. Yet, as convenient as batteries are, their end-of-life disposal is a growing concern. Batteries contain hazardous chemicals that can leak into the environment, pose fire risks, and harm public health if not disposed of correctly. With the rising prevalence of batteries, it’s essential to understand the risks they present and the solutions available to ensure safe disposal. One company making inroads in this area is Ecobatt, whose Lithium Safety Drums offer an effective and reliable solution for battery storage and recycling.

32 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

The dangers of improper battery disposal The environmental and health risks associated with batteries stem from the chemicals and heavy metals they contain, such as lithium, nickel, cadmium, and lead. When batteries end up in landfills or are otherwise improperly disposed of, these chemicals can leak into the soil and water systems, contaminating ecosystems and potentially entering the food chain.

Beyond environmental concerns, the metals in batteries can have health implications for humans, causing respiratory problems, skin irritation, and even cancer if exposure occurs over extended periods.

However, one of the immediate dangers with batteries, particularly lithium-ion batteries, is their propensity to catch fire or explode if damaged or improperly handled.

Lithium-ion batteries are highly efficient, providing more energy

in a compact form. However, this efficiency also makes them volatile under certain conditions. A battery that has been punctured, exposed to high heat, or crushed can enter a state known as “thermal runaway,” where it generates extreme heat, potentially leading to combustion. In worst-case scenarios, battery fires can lead to explosions, putting lives and property at risk. As more of these batteries enter the waste stream, the risk of such incidents increases, highlighting the urgent need for safe disposal methods.

The role of Ecobatt’s lithium safety drums In response to these challenges, Ecobatt, a specialist in battery recycling, has launched the Ecobatt Lithium Safety Drum – a product designed to address the risks associated with battery disposal. These drums provide a safe and secure method for

storing and transporting lithium batteries so they can be recycled safely. They come in two capacities, 53 litres and 62 litres, making them suitable for a range of settings, from small businesses to large commercial sites, schools, and collection points.

What sets these drums apart is their robust design, specifically engineered to contain the potential hazards associated with lithiumion batteries. Made of durable steel, they are equipped with a patented overpressure lid that includes a flame-arresting filter.

This feature is important because it allows the drum to contain thermal runaway events, should they occur. The flame-arresting filter prevents flames from escaping, and the overpressure system is designed to manage the gases generated in such an event, ensuring that pressure is released safely.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Battery Waste

Ecobatt solutions help make sure batteries are disposed of correctly so there is no adverse effect on the environment.

Why safe storage matters The safe storage and transport of batteries are crucial steps in the recycling process. Once batteries are safely contained, they can be collected and transported to recycling facilities, where materials are recovered, and hazardous elements are safely managed. By ensuring that batteries are securely stored in these drums, businesses and individuals are taking the first step towards responsible recycling, helping to reduce the environmental impact of batteries and support a more sustainable future.

The drums cater to different battery types with a selection of specialised lids.

The three-hole lids feature a triangular design, suitable for safely disposing of smaller format batteries, such as vapes and mixed household batteries.

This design is particularly suited to environments like schools, where it’s essential to prevent children from accessing the contents inside.

For larger batteries, such as tool

pack batteries and mobile phones, the single-hole lids provide a secure entry point that minimises risk. Finally, transport lids serve as multifunctional solutions, not only enabling safe collection and transport of batteries like e-mobility batteries and mobile phones, but also acting as secure storage solutions at private sites.

Customised to enhance branding Ecobatt offers businesses the ability to personalise their Lithium Safety Drums, blending safety with brand identity.

Companies can incorporate their logos and unique design elements, seamlessly integrating the drums into their operational or retail environments.

The customisation option makes Ecobatt’s drums adaptable and professional, whether used in retail spaces, schools, or corporate facilities, providing both functionality and brand visibility.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

Meeting the demand for battery disposal With the demand for batteries only projected to rise as more devices and vehicles rely on battery power, the need for safe disposal methods becomes more pressing. The growth in lithium battery usage brings an increase in potentially hazardous waste. Without safe and secure storage options, these batteries pose risks to public safety and the environment.

By offering specialised solutions like the Lithium Safety Drum, Ecobatt is not only addressing the immediate safety concerns, but also supporting a circular economy where valuable materials are reclaimed, reducing the need for new raw materials.

In a world where environmental responsibility is increasingly crucial, the role of companies like Ecobatt cannot be understated. Its products manage battery waste safely and sustainably.

By facilitating secure storage and disposal, Ecobatt enables businesses,

schools, and public organisations to contribute positively to environmental efforts while ensuring the safety of people and property.

Batteries are an indispensable part of modern life, but their disposal requires careful consideration. The risks associated with lithium-ion batteries highlight the importance of safe handling and storage. These drums provide an effective solution to these challenges.

By investing in these safety drums, organisations can play their part in reducing the risks associated with battery disposal, protecting the environment, and promoting a sustainable approach to battery recycling. In a time when safety and sustainability are paramount, these drums provide a dependable, professional solution that helps protect people, property, and the planet.

DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

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Young Professional //

Job in resource recovery ‘eye opener’ for recent grad

Hands on experience is one of the reasons Tatoy took the role at Veolia.

Image: Tabitha Tatoy

GROWING up in the Philippines, Tabitha Tatoy initially had designs on working in the STEM field when thinking of a career path. When it came to tertiary education, Tatoy was adamant that the sciences were her calling, specifically geology.

She applied for a place at Macquarie University for a science degree, but before she arrived in Sydney, the university had changed the major from a Bachelor of Science majoring in Geological Science to one that majored in Earth and Environmental Science. The geology 34 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

part was still part of the qualification, but the emphasis had changed.

“I think that they did this because they had more of a need for environmental students,” she said.

“It was very last minute for me to do the environmental part, but I am very thankful that they changed it because it opened up more options.”

Once she finished her degree, Tatoy was going to start a master’s because she originally wanted to do research but had a change of heart when thinking about the direction that would take her career.

“The more I got into my degree, the more I realised that the only people that read research papers are going to be other researchers, especially when it comes to environmental sciences and soil types,” she said.

It was after that epiphany that Tatoy decided to look for a full-time job and put her master’s degree on hold. She applied for jobs in the mining and environmental consulting industries, and also for one job in the waste/resource recovery sector with Veolia. It was here that she got the

position of business development graduate.

“I applied for the job at Veolia because I wanted to get hands-on experience,” said Tatoy. “I wanted to do something with my degree like soil sampling or researching.”

She has found the job to be a welcome learning curve and is pleased with how she is going so far. What do her day-to-day activities consist of? It has a lot of variety, said Tatoy.

She sees the business development position akin to project development/ delivery. The biggest project that

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Young Professional

she is currently working on is Veolia’s Woodlawn energy from waste (EfW) endeavour, which is currently at the planning stage. She said one of the most important parts of this project for her is stakeholder engagement, which means she has gained some great experience working with the local community and government regulators. What are some of the specifics of the role?

“Every day is different, but last week I had a community engagement event,” she said. “I wrote some of the event collateral such as the FAQs, as well as the event planning and run sheets to make sure it all went smoothly.”

Rewarding Like a lot of young people who start their career in the waste/resource recovery industry, Tatoy finds the environment a lot different on the inside from what she thought it was

like on the outside. There are many aspects that she was unaware of before she started in the role.

For example? She didn’t realise that it was private contractors that generally picked up the waste. She thought all councils did it themselves.

“I also didn’t realise how technical the recycling process was – I was lucky enough to visit a recycling facility and the amount of machinery and handling that goes into sorting recyclable waste was impressive,” she said.

Tatoy finds the business development aspect has been rewarding for her because she now sees the effect her work can have on the wider community and how it can make a difference.

“I know that what I’m doing is an essential service,” she said. “I never really looked at it that way before.

If your bins don’t get picked up, or if we didn’t ensure people’s waste was

recycled properly, it affects everyone, especially our planet. It’s been very rewarding for me on that aspect.”

The future Tatoy said she is too early into her career to make any decision on whether the resource recovery industry will be something she will be part of for the rest of her life.

However, what she has been involved with so far, she said, makes for an interesting career moving forward.

“As part of my role with Veolia I’ll participate in three rotations across the business,” she said. “I’m currently in business development, but I’m looking at a rotation for environmental reporting next.

I’m keen to get my hands on the operational side of the business.

I’ll then try to do something in the environmental advisory space.”

Tatoy feels that because she’s so new to the business, it’s all about

trying to learn and soaking up as much information as she can.

“When I first applied and got hired, I didn’t really know what business development was, or what the industry was about,” she said. “It’s so much more than just collection from your household.”

As for her own future, Tatoy feels she might be in the industry for the long haul. She finds it interesting, lots to do, and plenty of challenges ahead.

“Hopefully I can get more experience within business development and get multiple other projects under my belt,” she said. “ I know the business has so many opportunities, even within other states, too. I want to get some operational experience that I feel would help me to grow and align with my studies , and to help make a positive difference to the environment.”

One of the rotations Tatoy will be involved with at Veolia will be environmental reporting.

Image: chayanuphol/ Shutterstock.com

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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Equipment News //

No one-size fits all with Garwood compactor range

Being an OEM means Garwood can configure each unit to a customer’s needs. Images: Garwood

36 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Equipment News

DUALPACT is the aptly named rearloading compactor range from OEM Garwood, a company that specialises in equipment for the waste and resource recovery industry.

The compactor can be fitted onto a chassis and comes with split tailgates that have a wall down the middle of the body that allows users to split different waste streams/ resources being collected.

Daniel McHugh is the managing director of Garwood, and he has seen an uptick in interest for the product over the past 12 months. It was showcased at the Coffs Harbour Waste Conference, AWRE and the recent Waste Expo Australia event held in Melbourne. In all three instances, interest was high at the capabilities of the machines.

“The tailgates are completely separate, and with a wall in the middle of the body there’s zero chance of getting cross contamination,” he said. “You can pick up any type of waste, or two types of waste – one side can have paper while the other side might be glass. It’s up to you.”

They come in three split configurations – 50/50, 60/40 and 70/30, which allows for more storage for more prolific waste. McHugh said the DualPact is beneficial in places like regional or rural settings where councils and/or contractors drive out to farms or acreage, or other remote places where different waste streams need to be picked up and it’s also very efficient in city & town centres where you have litter bins with General waste and recyclable bins side by side.

“They can do that in one run with one truck, where normally they’d have to send two trucks,” said McHugh. “Or the truck would have to do one pick up and then go round again to pick up the second waste stream.”

One of the key points about these compactors is that they are made locally by Garwood. Being an OEM means the company can configure each unit to a customer’s needs. The make-up of these bespoke models can be discussed before they are built.

“We rely on information from the customer as to the percentage rates they might require for the compactor,” said McHugh. “They’re basically getting two trucks in one body. You’ve got the two tailgates that are split, and two lifter mechanisms fitted to the tailgates at the back end of the unit. We also separate the control systems from one side to the other, which means they are truly independent. It means that if the unfortunate circumstance arises where there is something that is causing one side to break down, the other side will run because of those

independent control systems.”

McHugh said that Garwood has garnered a lot of interest via its UKbased subsidiary Garwood Europe.

Garwood has been in Europe since 2002 and exports some of its compactors and other products to the region.

“There’s a high demand for these products in the European market.

We’ve been selling the DualPact there for 20 years,” he said. “We’ve seen an

increase in sales of this product in the Australian market, too, because there’s a lot of areas that can be used. It seems the more we promote this, the more people are putting in orders.”

McHugh says that Garwood has developed this product over the past 20 years, and it is now starting to pay dividends as it is now getting a good reputation. Also, a lot of councils and contractors can see the benefits

of having a two-in-one compactor designed for collecting roadside waste.

“People are getting more confident with the product and its ability to do what we say it can,” said McHugh.

“We can do body sizes from six cubic metres right up to 24 cubic metres and sizes in between.

“They can be custom-fit onto most truck chassis, too.”

The tailgates are separate with a wall in the middle of the body to stop cross contamination.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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WIRA Award Winners //

Waste Innovation and Recycling Award winners announced A packed gala dinner held at The Trust in Melbourne’s CBD saw a range of categories being decided in the 2024 Waste Innovation and Recycling Awards (WIRA). Sponsored by Veolia, REMONDIS, Re.Group and Visy, the awards saw an array of finalists go head-to-head as the winners were announced.

Congratulations to all the finalists, and well done to the winners.

OUTSTANDING WARR PROJECT – REGIONAL Awarded to Queensland Corrective Services for its Environmental Management Recycling Program Lotus Glen is the northern most

correctional facility in Queensland. In 2022 it commenced the Environmental Management Recycling Program.

Utilising prisoner labour it diverted about 50 per cent of its waste from landfill.

It is the largest recycling program in a correctional facility in Queensland.

Seventy-four per cent of its population at Lotus Glen are First Nations. The facility is not only looking to protect the environment, but also provide training and opportunity for people on release.

The end goal is to utilise all resources available to reduce waste to the lowest possible level, offset carbon, increase sustainability and provide opportunity to reduce recidivism.

INNOVATION AWARD Awarded to ReSource For ReSource: Pioneering Ethical and Innovative Recycling – Proudly Sponsored by Veolia Australia and New Zealand ReSource is an Australian specialist in e-waste processing. Recognising that the old way of recycling e-waste isn’t enough to not only tackle the volume of e-waste but to process it as efficiently and sustainably as possible, the company has invested in technology to raise the standards of what’s possible. ReSource has introduced new advancements, including AI-driven battery sorting, proper recycling of alkaline and zinc carbon batteries and

high-efficiency recycling for low-value items. It has implemented dual-stage activated carbon filters to ensure it doesn’t have heavy metal or VOC emissions from its processing entering the atmosphere. Its also implemented AI-powered thermally activated fire cannons to stop any fires that might come from e-waste. It is also the first company in Australia to be energy negative in its processing, due to its 860-kilowatt solar system.

The Outstanding WARR Project Regional Winner was the Queensland Correction Services.

Images: Dorman Creative

38 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

63%

of Australians see climate change as their top health concern.

Discover Veolias second Barometer report which highlights a prime opportunity for businesses to meet Aussies’ demand for sustainable solutions that boost health and eco-consciousness.

SCAN HERE TO DOWNLOAD A COPY OF THE FULL REPORT OR VISIT anz.veolia.com/ecological-transformation-barometer

About Veolia ANZ | With nearly 6,500 employees in Australia and New Zealand, Veolia accompanies businesses and communities in their ecological transformation ambitions by providing solutions and innovations to achieve carbon neutrality. As the leader in environmental solutions, we provide a comprehensive range of waste, water and energy management services, designed to build a circular economy and protect the environment. anz.veolia.com

WIRA Award Winners //

YOUNG PROFESSIONAL OF THE YEAR

OUTSTANDING WARR PROJECT – METRO

Awarded to Thomas Anton from Repurpose It – Proudly Sponsored by REMONDIS Australia Anton is the Head of Customer Experience at Repurpose It. He is driven by his passion for providing circular outcomes for customers and has been promoted to his current role due to his exceptional work and innovative mindset. He manages the entire customer experience, including the front line of communication with clients, ensuring a positive customer experience, and fostering long-lasting relationships with customers. With a team of 15 staff members in customerfacing roles across the business, setting expectations and building leadership and autonomy in the team has been paramount to his team’s success.

Anton’s team works across multiple sites – Epping, Montrose, and Hallam.

He ensures he actively participates in the day-to-day activities of all sites ensuring they are engaged and supported.

Awarded to Waste Circularity Team – Frankston City Council for the implementation of its separate glass service Frankston City Council implemented a separate glass service to all residential households in October 2023 including the introduction of shared bins for the first

time within the municipality.

The rollout was seamless due to planning and communication with the community.

Frankston City Council was able to implement the new separate glass service simultaneously with a reduction to the annual waste charge.

The communication plan for the

implementation of the new glass service was enhanced by completing Councils initial Gender Impact Assessment, allowing for an intersectional approach to all communications. A portion of the planning process was allocated to ensuring accurate data was collated and provided to delivery contractors in the most effective format.

The Outstanding WARR Project Metro Winner was Frankston City Council and its glass bin initiative.

Melbourne-based Thomas Anton from Repurpose It landed the Young Professional of the Year.

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Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

WIRA Award Winners //

This Woman of Waste award went to Vanja Marjanovic from the City of Melville.

WOMAN OF WASTE Awarded to Vanja Marjanovic from the City of Melville – Proudly Sponsored by Re.Group Marjanovic is the Waste Coordinator at the City of Melville. Since moving from Croatia to Perth in 2000 to escape conflict, she’s learned English, completed her studies and quickly risen the ranks of the waste industry. Industry peers know her for her ability to improve operations, align strategy and respect and support her staff. Marjanovic is responsible for overseeing a team of 30 staff members, more than $10 million in fleet, a further $5 million in assets and plays a key role in behaviour change, best practice innovative waste management practises. She also provides expert guidance on waste management plans to both internal and external stakeholders, which includes high rise and high-density MUDs. She also ensures efficient contract management and contributes to the development of annual operational and capital budgets for the department.

OUTSTANDING FACILITY AWARD Awarded to Rino Recycling for its new recycling facility Rino Recycling is a state-of-the-art construction and demolition waste recycling facility in Pinkenba, Brisbane, transforming 1.5 million tonnes per year

of co-mingled waste into high-quality recycled construction materials, including aggregates, road base, fill, and sands.

The facility is the world’s largest under one roof by volume and the first of its kind globally. Setting this facility apart is the integration of

wet and dry processing technologies and automated processing, sorting, and separating technologies to process diverse waste streams, enhancing waste recovery rates and efficiency.

It represents a ground breaking step towards a circular economy by reducing landfill and carbon emissions.

Ou Rino Recycling from Queensland won the Outstanding Facility gong for its C&D waste recycling facility.

42 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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WIRA Award Winners //

Bayside City Council’s Roving Repair program was the winner of the Community Engagement Award.

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT SUCCESS Awarded to Bayside City Council for its Bayside Roving Repair Program – Proudly Sponsored by Visy Bayside launched an initiative focused on reducing waste by encouraging repair and reuse rather than throwing items away. The program started a repair culture across Bayside giving the community opportunities to repair items destined for landfill, while building knowledge and social connections through events.

Workshops had different themes – from repairing textiles, books, electronics, furniture and bicycles.

The workshops didn’t just offer repair services; they were also spaces where the community could learn new skills, exchange knowledge, and form connections. The roving nature of events meant they were held in a range of locations, making them accessible to a wider audience.

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Envirobank’s Narelle Anderson was given the Leader of the Year award for, among other things, her championing of sustainability initiatives.

LEADER OF THE YEAR Awarded to Narelle Anderson from Envirobank Narelle Anderson is the founder and managing director of Envirobank.

With a visionary approach, she has championed innovative solutions to combat waste, fostering a

culture of sustainability.

Narelle’s leadership has positioned Envirobank as a leader in environmental stewardship, implementing cutting-edge technology and consumer-friendly initiatives to enhance recycling efficiency.

Her commitment to environmental

responsibility has garnered widespread recognition, making her a prominent advocate for sustainable practices.

Through her inspiring leadership, Narelle continues to drive impactful change, promoting a cleaner, greener future for Australia and for future generations.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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VISY

Re+Cycle Re+ Make Re+ Peat

FOR A BmER WORLD

Our green wine bottles are made with an average of 71% recycled glass* Your recycling, remade in Australia.

Ed

VISIT VISY.COM

• Figure refers to the average recycled content in Visy’s green glass products in Australia and New Zealand for FY24 and includes both pre and postconsumer recycled glass.

I­

Equipment News //

Recycal operators find the Terex machines smooth and reliable to operate. Images: Onetrak

Materials handlers smooth and reliable TOM Barrett is the operations manager at Recycal Rocherlea in Tasmania. Recycal is a family-owned metal recycling business that operates several locations throughout the country.

Its facility in Rocherlea covers 14 acres and employs a dedicated team of 40 staff members. Recycal takes pride in its knowledge of the recycling process. With multiple sites, a fleet of trucks, technical expertise, and a partnership with a local foundry casting in Tasmania, Recycal offers a recycling solution from start to finish.

At present, it utilises five Terex Fuchs material handlers, all provided and maintained by the Onetrak team.

Recycal was already familiar with the Terex brand, known for its reliability and support, making the company’s decision to expand its fleet with Terex Fuchs machines a natural fit.

“Our journey began six years ago with the purchase of an MHL 355, which continues to perform exceptionally,” said Barrett.

“Since then, we have added two MHL 350 machines, along with a MHL320 and a MHL370 to our fleet.

Fuchs machines are user-friendly, have 46 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

long service intervals that minimise downtime, and are smooth and reliable to operate.”

A spokesperson from Onetrak said the MHL320, one of Recycal’s latest machines, excels in recycling, consistently delivering a reliable performance.

Its versatility offers a spectrum of possibilities from precision sorting to heavy-duty loading tasks.

With various boom versions, undercarriages, and special equipment options, the MHL320 can be customised to align with a customer’s requirements, providing a tailored solution for individual needs.

Along with its mechanical features the MHL320 also considers operators with its operator-centric design. The cab is a reinforced steel structure with soundproofed, heat-insulated panoramic windows for best allround visibility. Inside, heating and air conditioning, with separate heat exchangers and fresh and recirculated air filters, make for a comfortable environment.

The operator’s seat is an aircushioned comfort seat with swinging armrests/joysticks, safety belt, lumbar

support and headrest. It is designed to enable fatigue-free work due to universal adjustment options for the seat position and the arrangement of the seat cushion in relation to the armrests and joysticks.

In an era where sustainable waste management is paramount, the Fuchs MHL320 material handler emerges as a beacon of visibility, reliability, and innovation. It represents a

commitment to a productive and more efficient future.

“I have had nothing but positive experiences with the Onetrak team,” said Barrett.

“Jake is always available, and Rodney has been a pleasure to work with.

“I highly recommend Onetrak for their outstanding product knowledge, service, and support.”

The Telex machines make life easy for operators at the Recycal facility in Rocherlea.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Equipment News

Locally made means local support from Eriez JONATHAN Schulberg may not have been in the resource recovery industry as long as some, but he does remember the days when separating out the different waste streams was not only unimportant, but nobody even thought about getting a monetary return. How the industry has changed.

Schulberg is the business development manager for Eriez, a USbased company based – unsurprisingly – out of Erie, Pennsylvania, in the US. Machinery designed for source separation is just one of the various products the company specialises in, and Schulberg is aware how important a good piece of kit can help with a company’s bottom line, especially if they can extract valuable metals.

“The machinery we have today has shown massive improvements in recovery efficiencies,” he said. “In the past, you were relying on people manually sifting through material. Our range makes that a lot easier.

“For example, our eddy current separator does effectively the reverse of what a magnet does. A magnet attracts ferrous material, while the eddy current repels only conductive nonferrous materials – aluminium, copper, brass, and the like. Over time, these materials have been able to garner a sell price per tonne higher than what is scrapped steel.

Once collected, said Schulberg, aluminium can go on the market for as low as $1,100 a tonne or up to $2,000 a tonne. He said there is another bonus in that you also end up with a relatively

clean waste stream once the separators have done their job.

“If they can recover a high proportion of their metals in their stream, that essentially means more dollars for them,” said Schulberg. “Imagine if you have one or two tonnes recovered per day to three or four tonnes recovered per day? If aluminium is going at $1,300 a tonne, and you can recover four tonnes of it, that’s a reasonable amount of additional revenue that you’re making daily. And most plants would operate at a minimum eight hours a day.”

But one of the key features of Eriez’s offering that Schulberg wants to highlight is its locale. While the company has its origins in the Northern Hemisphere, it has had a presence in Australia for over 50 years. It manufactures its own product, and it doesn’t buy in non-Eriez products.

“One of our key benefits from a customer’s point of view is that because we’re local, we offer local service and support,” he said.

“And that became very important during the times of COVID. A lot of companies that we were dealing with had equipment from other companies that was supplied from overseas, and they were struggling to have that equipment supported locally. We were in a very advantageous position because everything was based in Australia, so it was easier for us to get equipment and help our local customers.”

Also, customers have to look out for hidden costs – unintentional or otherwise. Because a lot of Eriez product

Having maintenance staff available to maintain plant and machinery is just one advantage of Eriez having an Australian footprint.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

Extracting valuable materials can help increase a processing plant’s bottom line. Images: ERIEZ

is manufactured locally, it already complies with the standards required by Australia’s regulatory authorities. With some equipment, these standards are strict and must be adhered to for safety reasons. There have been cases where cheap imports have had to be amended to make sure they meet local standards, which has meant any cost savings that a client may have made in the initial price is eaten up, or sometimes exceeded, by them having to upgrade the piece of equipment so it can be legally operated in Australia. This is not the case for Eriez plants or machinery.

This is why when clients buy from Eriez, the equipment is ready to go.

And what are some of its hero pieces of machinery? Schulberg says it’s hard to go past its aforementioned eddy separators that recover nonferrous metals.

“We utilise high gradient magnetic elements, which operate at a high rotational RPM that produces the eddy current field,” said Schulberg.

“With a few different designs in the rotor makeup itself, we can recover very fine, non-ferrous metals – we’re talking one millimetre plus – through to very coarse material streams that are 25 millimetres plus.”

He said that the area of application is wide with eddy current separators, which means they can also work low volumes in industries like PET plastics, as well as fine materials such as sands, through to industrial applications like C&D and C&I plants, where the material loads are heavy.

There is a range of eddy current separator widths available from one metre wide up to two metres wide that can cater to most resource recovery applications. As far as process loads themselves, Eriez engineers can modulate to increase the quantity of them to meet a customer’s processing requirements and capacities.

“That’s something that’s very simply and easily done, whether it’s via an EPC engineering company or with the customer directly,” said Schulberg. “The eddy currents themselves are very low on maintenance costs. We’ve designed these units over time to get them to a point where they can operate for years on end, with very little customer involvement to keep them up and running.”

Over the next 18 months to two years, Schulberg can only see Eriez – and the industry has a whole – growing.

He sees many factors for this, such as local and state governments knowing their constituents want more recycling, companies wanting social licenses, as well as a growing population creating more waste that need recycling.

“As we generate more waste, we need to process more volume,” he said.

“It’s a constant cat and mouse game for the waste processing industry – staying ahead of the curve and understanding where the growth centres are situated.

We have to get the infrastructure and everything in place. Once that population hits a certain point, we’re well prepared to handle the waste generated from those places.”

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// Company profile

Re.Group’s commitment to building a sustainable tomorrow

Re.Group’s optical sorters at the Enfield Glass Beneficiation Plant that colour sort glass into green and amber, and flint cullet. Images: Re.Group

By David Singh, Managing Director, Re.Group VICTORIA celebrated the one-year anniversary of its Container Deposit Scheme (CDS) in November, and the state marked an impressive milestone: one billion containers returned in just 12 months. Re.Group is thrilled to have contributed to this outcome, with five of our Return-It depots ranking in the top 10 metro refund points. This achievement underscores the positive impact our network is having in Victoria and across Australia.

Re.Group has grown over the past decade. This organisational growth is not just of the bricks and mortar kind, but also industry knowledge

and experience through the carefully selected acquisition of employees who are our greatest assets, and through formation of true partnerships with our clients and other stakeholders.

We have demonstrated time and again the great outcomes we can deliver by working collaboratively together with local governments, community groups, and our industry partners; we always strive to work well with others and remain focused on the ‘big picture’.

We set out with a vision to deepen our impact on recycling and drive our mission for a wasteless society, with our values at the heart of all that we do. Today, our MRF and CDS networks reach millions of Australians across NSW, VIC, QLD, SA, WA, the ACT, and

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

New Zealand, although this growth has not come without its challenges.

If you’re reading this magazine, you’d know that waste management and resource recovery is a tough gig for a multitude of reasons – batteries, need we say more? But it is these very challenges that drive our commitment to developing high-quality facilities and solutions.

This is why we are incredibly proud of the many new, award-winning facilities that we have built in the last decade, including our Adelaide SMRF and more recently, the Sunshine Coast MRF. You may have read about these facilities in the media – we’re not shy of our accomplishments, and nor should anyone in the sector be. What we do is hard, and meaningful; when

we do it well, we make a difference for the communities we serve, and we should celebrate those outcomes proudly when we can.

New and shiny kit is often exciting to rave about, but one of the things that perhaps we do not do as well is talk about our deep commitment to – and the accompanying grunt work in – bringing our older facilities acquired in 2022 into the Re.Group fold, or the Re.Group way. Back in 2022, against the backdrop of infrastructure gaps in NSW and Victoria, the urgent need for increased local processing due to the export bans, and our vision to improve resource recovery outcomes through our tried and tested management principles and plant design, we acquired Polytrade which DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

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// Company profile

had a number of MRFs across these states. Since then, we have made, and continue to make, significant investments in these MRFs to not just provide much needed capacity, but to also support better outcomes in resource recovery of both commingled recycling and CDS. We pointed to Victoria’s impressive CDS record early in the piece, and the success our Return-It team has had in the world’s newest container refund scheme. A pillar of support for the scheme has been our Hallam Container and Plastics Sorting Facility, and this is a prime example of our ongoing investment. In 2023, Re.Group embarked on a journey to transform the Hallam recycling facility into a dual-purpose operation that could optically sort both containers from our CDS collections (except glass – but more on that to come) and mixed plastics received from our network of MRFs. Over the course of eight months (and millions of dollars later), our talented RDT engineering team had equipped the facility with a host of advanced equipment, from new trommels, magnets, windsifters and eddy currents, to high-tech optical sorters that sort plastics into six separate polymers, including clear PET, coloured PET, natural HDPE, and Polypropylene. The outcomes for mixed plastic sent to this facility are the same as we achieve in those shiny new sites. While there’s different pathways for getting there, we ensure the same great outcomes for the materials that the community trust us to process.

In Sydney, our Enfield Glass Beneficiation Plant (GBP) has added another layer of capability to our network (on top of our existing GBP in Dandenong Victoria – where that CDS glass goes). Commissioned in August 2022, the new GBP is designed with the latest glass processing technology to handle and colour-sort glass into cullet for bottle-to-bottle recycling.

It is state-of-the-art, with specialised equipment installed to colour sort glass into 8-50mm and 3-8mm glass fractions. It is built with an advanced glass cleaning system featuring different types of vibrating screen systems, magnets, and eddy currents, as well as x-ray sorting and 16 optical machines that sort glass into amber, flint, and green cullet.

With a built capacity of 100,000t/a, there is an exciting opportunity to grow glass processing in Sydney, so watch this space.

These are but two of our acquired assets that we have made myriad improvements to. Investment continues in these MRFs and we

Re.Group has transformed its Hallam recycling facility into a dual-purpose operation that can optically sort containers.

“We set out with a vision to deepen our impact on recycling and drive our mission for a wasteless society, with our values at the heart of all that we do.” have a pipeline of upgrades slated for our other facilities, including our Dandenong MRF and GBP, and Chinderah MRF, alongside other exciting new projects that we’ll soon unveil.

We’re not content with mediocre.

What we aspire to achieve is a network of Re.Group facilities – old,

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

new and everything in between – that consistently meet the highest standards that we set for ourselves.

At the end of the day, we may not be able to fully control the materials we receive (though we will continue to educate and advocate), but we can certainly continue on a path of improvement to provide certainty to

our customers and the community that partnering with Re.Group means choosing a future-focused, resilient approach to recycling. Our mission is to make sure every material we handle has the best chance at a second, third, or even continuous life, contributing to a truly circular economy for Australia.

DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

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Solar panel recycling //

Solar panels are 100 per cent recyclable – nothing should be going to landfill.

Image: Tijnlp/shutterstock.com

Closing the loop on solar

AUSTRALIA’S unprecedented adoption of solar energy presents both an environmental triumph and an impending waste management challenge. With more than 3.19 million PV installations generating over 27.2 gigawatts of power, the nation leads the world in per-capita solar energy generation. This clean energy infrastructure, weighing approximately 1.3 million tonnes, represents both a remarkable achievement in renewable energy adoption and a looming recycling challenge.

While solar power reduces carbon emissions, the industry faces a critical sustainability challenge. Forecasts indicate an 18-fold increase in solar panel e-waste between 2019 and 2030. With the average lifespan of solar panels being approximately 20 years, Australia’s early adoption of solar technology means we’re now approaching a critical juncture where the first wave of installations will reach end-of-life.

52 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

“The ‘stuff’ in e-waste – in particular, solar panels – isn’t trash. It’s valuable material that can be reused,” says Sircel CEO, Anthony Karam. “We should be doing whatever we can to support scalable and commercially robust solutions to allow that material to be liberated and re-introduced back into the circular economy. We can’t continue to be a single-use society.”

Breaking new ground in solar recycling In response to this challenge, Sircel is launching an initiative: a solar panel recycling facility based in Parkes, Australia. This state-of-the-art facility represents a step forward in addressing Australia’s mounting e-waste crisis by tackling the incoming “avalanche” of endof-life solar panels.

The environmental implications are substantial. Historically, most defunct solar panels – up to 85 per cent in Australia – end up in landfill. Valuable materials are lost, and potentially

harmful components can leach into soil and groundwater. Sircel’s facility achieves recovery rates of up to 100 per cent of materials from each panel, reducing landfill waste while returning resources to the circular economy.

The facility employs cutting-edge technology, enabling the systematic breakdown of solar panels into their constituent materials.

“Solar panels are 100 percent recyclable,” explains Karam. “The aluminium is generally high grade so when it comes out clean it can be reused easily. It has high-quality glass as well, and there’s plenty of downstream industrial uses for it. As for the wafer itself, there’s a little bit of copper, but predominantly silver and silicon, which are also sought-after elements.”

Scale and impact The processing line methodically removes the junction box, aluminium frame, and separates the glass from the laminate in just one minute per panel. At full capacity,

the facility can process at the rate of one panel per minute. That’s more than 420 panels a day and more than 100 tonnes per year.

To put this in perspective, a single 100MW solar farm typically contains around 10,000 panels. With Australia’s rapid solar adoption, particularly in the commercial and industrial sectors, the volume of panels to soon be recycled is substantial. Large commercial installations can range up to 2MW in size, while residential installations – which account for over 20GW of Australia’s solar capacity across 3.3 million households – typically comprise 16-18 panels per system.

Market development and innovation Sircel has well established markets for recovered aluminium and copper, and is actively developing outlets for other materials recovered, including glass cullet and plastics components.

While global solutions for silicon

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Solar panel recycling

“We should be doing whatever we can to support scalable and commercially robust solutions to allow that material to be liberated and re-introduced back into the circular economy. We can’t continue to be a single-use society” recovery at scale remain elusive, Sircel continues to invest in research and development.

“We’ve got a whole wave of panels that are coming to their end of life soon, and we need a better solution for them,” says Karam.

The company works with partners to process cell laminates using conventional technologies, maximising precious metal recovery while minimising landfill waste.

Industry challenges Despite the environmental imperative, there are challenges within solar recycling that might lead some operators to compromise standards and cut corners.

Sircel charges a sustainable gate fee for panel processing, but some operators offer to pay for panels, raising questions about the viability of their recycling practices.

“The minimum gate fee for the panel should be less than it would cost to go

to landfill so it’s a win for the customer,” said Karam. “I know the numbers intimately. My question is, ‘How can you make money if you’re paying someone $5 a panel?’”

Corner-cutting and driving prices down leaves little incentive for anyone to build the infrastructure required to properly tackle this problem.

The e-waste recycling industry can be equally opaque, and some operators still employ unethical practices, including shipping waste overseas.

“You have to invest in plant and machinery,” he said. “Some people are saying they are processing 20,000 tonnes a year manually. How can you manually dismantle 20,000 tonnes of e-waste a year?

What’s really happening is that the waste is taken to a facility where they cut a cord then ship it overseas.

They can tell their clients that they’ve recycled e-waste and even give them a certificate saying so.”

The need for cohesive policy The solar recycling industry currently lacks comprehensive regulatory frameworks for managing end-of-life solar panels. The Smart Energy Council has proposed product stewardship schemes and developed ideas that will have great impact, but Karam advocates for better support for specialised recyclers.

“We’re actually a green technology company in resource regeneration. We don’t consider ourselves to be in the waste industry,” Karam emphasises.

“Government and large industry players understand there’s a huge difference between these two things: we’re a critical cog in the circular economy machine, which should be building the fabric of our communities.”

As Australia’s solar capacity continues to grow, the need for responsible end-of-life management becomes increasingly critical. For most companies, institutions, and

households who invest in solar, the environmental and decarbonisation benefits are paramount. End-of-life management is crucial to ensure that system upgrades don’t negate the environmental benefits delivered through their lifetime. Sircel works with national waste channel partners focused on increasing landfill diversion rates and improving ESG outcomes.

However, Karam said there’s a need for industry-wide cooperation.

“We just need more cohesive framing around the consumption and management of e-waste,” he said.

With its Parkes facility, Sircel is setting new standards for solar panel recycling in Australia, proving that environmental responsibility and resource recovery can go hand in hand.

The challenge now lies in ensuring that the entire industry adopts similarly high standards to create a truly sustainable circular economy for solar energy infrastructure.

The first solar panels that were installed 30 years ago are starting to get to the end of life.

Image: Kathie Nicols/shutterstock.com.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

53

Equipment News //

Efficient waste solution for commercial and retail operations Balers can save time and money for businesses that take advantage of their features. Images: Wastech

BALERS provide an optimal solution for businesses – both commercial and retail – dealing with waste streams that need to be compacted, including cardboard, soft plastics, and various other types of plastic.

Wastech Engineering, a specialist in waste management, offers a range of balers designed for medium to large businesses that require an efficient method for consolidating on-site packaging waste.

Wastech is the exclusive distributor of the Bramidan range of balers, which includes several models tailored to specific needs.

The vertical balers are suited for businesses where space is limited, offering a compact design that doesn’t compromise on performance.

On the other hand, the heavyduty balers are engineered for high throughput, allowing businesses to process larger volumes of waste quickly and effectively.

According to Brianna Armstrong, key account manager at Wastech Engineering, the benefits of using these balers are clear.

54 INSIDEWASTE DEC 2024/JAN 2025

“They’re very user-friendly,” she explained.

“They’re straightforward to operate – open the door, load your plastic or cardboard, close the door, press the button, and it’s done.”

Versatile and efficient baling The vertical balers are available in small, medium, and large models, designed to compact recyclable materials into dense, manageable blocks. This reduces the physical space needed for waste storage

and cuts down on the costs associated with waste collection.

By compressing materials, balers also streamline disposal processes, making them more efficient and environmentally responsible.

Some balers are suitable for places that have limited design.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Equipment News

For businesses that rely on collection trucks for waste removal, baling offers an advantage. Without compaction, waste takes up more space in the collection truck due to air pockets within the uncompressed materials. This results in multiple trips to dispose of waste. However, using a baler maximises truck capacity, allowing for more materials to be collected in a single trip, reducing both collection frequency and costs.

Enhanced safety features In addition to their efficiency, these balers are equipped with advanced safety features.

“The operation is designed to require two-hand activation,”

Armstrong added. “Both buttons must be pressed simultaneously to initiate the compaction process, ensuring the operator’s hands are kept clear of the machine during operation.”

Depending on the model, balers offer two modes of ejecting compacted material – automatic or manual.

High-capacity models like the B50 XL SD baler feature a 50-tonne compaction force, with the capability to bale up to 750 kilograms of material at a time. Notably, the balers eliminate the need to break down cardboard boxes, as the force crushes them into a much smaller size for easy disposal.

Space-saving solutions for high-traffic areas The X Series balers are ideal for businesses operating in areas with limited space, such as loading docks or other high-traffic zones.

“The B series balers are too tall for spaces with height restrictions,” explained Armstrong. “That’s where the X series comes in. These units are specifically designed for places like visitor centres, shopping malls, and busy docking areas where floor space is at a premium.”

Specialist baler series for specialised waste The Specialist Baler Series is designed for businesses that need to manage unique types of waste. These balers can drain

liquids, crush materials like aluminium cans, and handle drum waste. Compact yet powerful, these units are capable of reducing waste volume by up to 90 per cent, which leads to savings in both space and disposal costs.

Exclusive distribution and support An advantage of choosing Wastech Engineering is that they are the exclusive distributor of the Bramidan balers in Australia. This means customers have a single point of contact for both purchasing and after-sales support. Wastech offers maintenance and service, with technicians available nationwide to assist with any technical issues or servicing requirements.

The B series has excellent safety features.

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

55

Product Profiles //

Auger Compactor

Bramidan B5W Baler

Unit Dimensions: Between 4200 to 7200 x 2480 x 2400 mm Weight: 3500kg Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: Ability to handle specific waste type and handling/loading method.Designed to handle wet waste with no cavities behind the chamber area for waste to gather.

Unit Dimensions: 1355 x 895 x 2370 (mm) Weight: 600kg Capacity (in weight): 80-110kg Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: • Comes with BRA-IN (Bramidan Intelligence) Monitoring System • Perfect for handling large boxes • Comes with a wide filling opening • Efficient retainers hold compressed materials down • Bale is tipped out automatically • Front-placed strap rolls for easy strap change • Operates on single phase power supply

WASTECH ENGINEERING

WASTECH ENGINEERING

Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465 Webpage: wastech.com.au/ Email: sales@wastech.com.au

Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465 Webpage: wastech.com.au Email: sales@wastech.com.au

Bramidan Baler B50 XL SD

WASTECH ENGINEERING

Unit Dimensions: 2495 x 1660 x 3590 / 2540 (mm) Weight: 3750kg Capacity (in weight): 650-800kg Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: • Comes with BRA-IN (Bramidan Intelligence) Monitoring System • Extra-large chamber • 8 wire tying for a more stable bale • Standard with a sliding door that opens automatically • Bales are optimised for transport • Stack bales 2 and 2 instead of 3 to optimise a truck load Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465 Webpage: wastech.com.au Email: sales@wastech.com.au

Fire Rover Fire Suppression System

WASTECH ENGINEERING

Unit Dimensions: 6096mm (L) x 2438mm (W) x 2591mm (H) Weight: 6000kg Capacity (in weight): Water Tank: 3785 litres Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: • Advanced fire detection analytics with human verification • Remote-controlled suppression • On Guard — 24/7 Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465 Webpage: wastech.com.au Email: sales@wastech.com.au

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Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

// Product Profiles

Unit Dimensions: 6448 x 1900 x 1720 mm Weight: 5800kg Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: • Comes with a clear top opening and chamber volume of 4m³ that can accept large product loads.

• Compatible with 31-60m³ containers and transfer trailers.

• Comes with its own stand-alone hydraulic power pack and oil cooler.

Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465 Webpage: wastech.com.au Email: sales@wastech.com.au

S8000 Stationary Compactor

Transfer Trailer

Unit Dimensions: 8950 x 2200 x 2000 mm Weight: Approx. 11000kg Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: • Designed to cater for a high throughput of up to 120 tonnes per hour.

• Compatible with all feed types including moving floor, push pit, conveyor and front-end loader.

• Constructed from high tensile steel built to withstand high compaction force.

• Can accept large product loads and increased penetration into the Trailer for less spring back and improved seperation with less spillage.

• Compatible with 60m³ transfer trailers and comes with its own stand-alone hydraulic power pack and oil cooler.

Weight: From 11100kg Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: • 53 – 65m3 Triaxle • 65 – 75m3 Quad Axle • 114 – 120m3 A-Double • 106m3 Pocket Road Train • 130m3 Road Train • 70m3 Top Load Moving Floor Trailer • Material: High Tensile Steel (5mm floor, 4mm walls and roof) • Rear Door Cycle Time: 15 Secs.

(Hydraulic Operation) • Preferred Hydraulic Pump Size: 80l / min • Working Pressure: 2,100 PSI • Cylinder Type: 5 & 6 Stage Telescopic Cylinder with Centre Support

Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465

Webpage: wastech.com.au Email: sales@wastech.com.au

WASTECH ENGINEERING

WASTECH ENGINEERING

WASTECH ENGINEERING

S4000 Stationary Compactor

• Eject Blade Cycle Time- Eject: 140 secs. | Retract 150 secs. (5 Stage Cylinder - Single Trailer) • Doors: Top or Side Hinged Rear Doors (Hydraulic or Manual) Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465 Webpage: wastech.com.au Email: sales@wastech.com.au

WASTECH ENGINEERING

Bramidan X25 Baler Unit Dimensions: 1745 x 1260 x 1995 (mm) Weight: 1410kg Capacity (in weight): 200-300kg Price: Contact Wastech Engineering for more information More: • Comes with BRA-IN (Bramidan Intelligence) Monitoring System • Provides a stable compaction, a powerful pressforce and a low overall height.

• For various types of material – even expandable • Large and wide chamber • Retainers prevent in-chamber material expansion • Short cycle time for fast clean up • Moving parts are protected inside the machine • Low overall height Name: Wastech Engineering Phone Number: 1800 465 465 Webpage: wastech.com.au Email: sales@wastech.com.au

Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

DEC 2024/JAN 2025 INSIDEWASTE

57

Wasted Space //

Biting the hand Dear Sir, The government! Ah, yes, our overlords – those in the know. Those that hold the purse strings. They who are above us mere mortals. Those who are an easy target.

The Westminster System that we adhere to in the Motherland has its quirks – both positive and negative.

The first past the post system is one that lends itself to a two-party state (although the masses are onto them aren’t they, with a plethora of parties now appearing on the backbenches having their say).

Then you have the preferential system down here in this Great

Southern Land. To me, it’s a mess.

But our cousins in the Antipodes love it. Spreads the love and allows many voices to be heard in the echo chamber of Parliament House in Canberra.

Me? I’m pretty agnostic about any political system. It is there to do a job. What catches my eye are the parliamentarians. Are they doing their job? What is their agenda (outside of their obvious political affiliation)? Are they there to serve themselves or their people?

I talk of this because of a couple of recent pieces I read online from the local mouthpiece of the waste industry.

One was titled Industry needs to lead

the way – government won’t. To be fair the author did point out that governments do have to take in the wider public opinion, but that doesn’t mean they stay static. And that was one of the key planks of the piece.

Government(s) are doing plenty of surveys, reports and papers – but very little action.

The other piece was titled NSW Government Taking Action on Landfills.

Really? They are? Talk about being a pound short and a day late, Old Boy. The piece waxed lyrical how NSW would run out of landfills in the next 10 years and that everybody – the government, public and environmental

groups – needed to get together to find solutions or the costs would be dear for households and businesses.

Really? The industry has only been saying this, for, oh, forever!

I don’t think governments realise how engaged the industry is. This isn’t a bunch of ne’er-do-wellers sitting around doing nothing. They are a passionate rabble attempting to make a huge difference in a trying industry.

Governments need to start being part of the solution. Not the problem.

PS: please don’t show this to the PM. Yours JB

I don’t think governments realise how engaged the industry is. This isn’t a bunch of ne’er-do-wellers sitting around doing nothing. They are a passionate rabble attempting to make a huge difference in a trying industry.

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Daily news updates at www.insidewaste.com.au

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