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HRH PRINCESS

CHULABHORN MAHIDOL AND

WORLD ENVIRONMENT

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In fact, sustainable development has been practiced in Thailand over a long period, after the Sufficiency Economy philosophy was first proposed by

His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej as far back as 1974, in realization of the need to change unsustainable practices towards development. His Majesty had put his people and their quality of life at the center of his development agenda, addressing the needs of the people while maintaining harmony with the environment. This philosophy stresses moderation and adoption of sustainable life styles as an over-riding principle for appropriate conduct by the populace at all levels. This philosophy is as relevant and pertinent today as it was then and has been an important basis for poverty eradication and sustainable development for our country. The environment has a significant impact on development. The planetary boundaries of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and geosphere are at risk of soon being breached, with dire consequences for human well being, welfare and security. Statement by

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development: UNCSD) or Rio + 20 22 June 2012, Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil

Professor Dr.

HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol

Preface Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has gratefully appreciated the way Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol has put a great concern on the environmental problems for development and acted as Personal Representative of His Majesty the King and Head of Thailand’s delegation to attend the World Conferences on Environment since 1992. These include the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro of Federal Republic of Brazil, the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 in Johannesburg of Republic of South Africa, and the 2012 UNCSD Regional Preparatory Meeting for Asia and the Pacific in 2011 in Seoul of Republic of Korea as well as the RIO+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development from 13-22 June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil. On this occasion, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment published this biography in honor of Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol, “HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol and World Environment”, which aims to publicize her royal duties associated with the environment and sustainable development. It is also to encourage the government agencies, private sectors, and civil society organizations to be grateful for her royal grace and take her as a model for the integrated sustainable development.

Editorial Board

Content Preface

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Introduction – Thailand ’s Sustainable Development

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Biography of Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol

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Honorary Awards 2011 - 2012

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The biography was written by Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol when she paid her visit to Federal Republic of Brazil in 1992 to attend the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (The Earth Summit).

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol attended the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) or the Earth Summit from 3 - 14 June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil

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The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) or Rio+10 from 26 August - 4 September 2002 in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa

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The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) or Rio+20 from 13 - 22 June 2011 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil

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Bibliography

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Introduction Thailand’s Sustainable Development Over the past thirty years the world community has been aware of the importance of environmental problems mainly caused by globalization which generates technological enhancement and economic growth as well as excessive production and consumption regardless of limitations of natural resources and environment. The United Nations therefore plays a key role as the leader for environmental concerns by establishing the International Conference on Human Environment of 1972 in Stockholm of Sweden aimed to bring the world’s attention to the environmental issues. Later in 1983, the World Commission on Environment and Development or so called “Brundtland Commission” was initiated by the United Nations to conduct the study on how to balance between the environment and development. The Brundtland Commission then publicized the UN’s important documents, marking the commencement of the concepts on sustainable development called “Our Common Future” or “Brundtland Report”. In this regard, “sustainable development is development which meets the needs of current generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs: World Commission on Environment and Development”. Accordingly, three follow-up conferences of the United Nations on Environment and Development (UNCED) have been created since then. These include the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development of 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil, the World Summit on Sustainable Development of 2002 in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa, and the latest United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development of 2012 (Rio+20) in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil. With respect to the definition of Thailand’s sustainable development, Phra Dhammapidok (Prayudh Payutto), a distinguished Buddhist scholar, made the suggestion in the light of the Buddhistbased sustainable development. “From the viewpoint of Buddhists, sustainable development is the development for sustainable society or society which is capable of satisfying its own needs without compromising the ability of other living creatures or future generations to meet their own needs. In other words, human activities are to accord with the rules of nature with collaboration of both the economy and the surrounding nature for the natural resources conservation and poverty eradication. Furthermore, sustainable development is to be achieved only when the morality is raised in people. On the contrary, unsuccessful sustainable development is mostly caused by three desires against the morality; temptation, stubbornness, and conviction. Both the people and the economy must be developed in parallel with the morality development”. Likewise, the Philosophy of “Sufficiency Economy” initiated by His Majesty the King over the past thirty years is the principle based on Thai culture. It is viewed as the moderate practice with carefulness in regard of sufficiency, intellectuality, self-immunity and application of knowledge and virtue as the guideline in living. More importantly, “mindfulness, intelligence, and perseverance” serve as the keys to bring “real happiness” into one’s life. The philosophy is also in accordance with the Buddhist principles deemed as the foundation of Thai society. His Majesty the King is concerned that modern development which focused on the economic growth might eventually lead the country to crisis. He therefore emphasized the importance of being self-sufficient for the majority of people to have enough to subsist first. Once reasonable progress

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was achieved, the next steps of development could be further developed. In other words, instead of putting the emphasis on the industrial expansion for the country’s development, the stability of the basic economy should be generated first so that the majority of rural people have enough to live on. This is the method of development for poverty eradication and income distribution to establish the overall economic foundation of the country before embarking on a higher level of development. His Majesty the King has reminded his people of “Sufficiency Economy” since 1974 or for almost forty years to point out the guideline for living and practices of people of all levels, ranging from the family, community, and the state. These involve the country’s development and government administration adopting the principle of moderation or middle path, particularly sustainability of the economic, social, and environmental development for Thailand to keep up with globalization.

“…No matter how they say whether Thailand is obsolete or unfashionable or outdated but we are self-sufficient. I would ask all of you to aim for moderation, peace, and work to achieve this goal. This will make Thailand self-sufficient. Even though it is not extremely prosperous, we can be excellent as long as we maintain this moderation…” (The King’s Speech on December 4, 1974)

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Biography of Professor Dr.

HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol was born on 4 July 1957 at the Amporn Sathan Throne Hall of Dusit Palace. 12

She is the youngest daughter of Their Majesties King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Queen Sirikit of Thailand. 13

She also has three elder sisters and brother. 1. Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya born on 5 April 1951 2. HRH Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn born on 28 July 1952 3. HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn born on 2 April 1955 14

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol has two daughters. 1. HRH Princess Siribhachudhabhorn 2. HRH Princess Adityadhornkitikhun

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Education Background (in Thailand) Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol received the fundamental education of the pre-elementary level, primary level, and secondary level at Chitralada School and the university level at the Faculty of Science and Arts, Kasetsart University. Her Royal Highness had put her greatest efforts in studying and received several outstanding academic achievement awards throughout the four years of study at the university. She eventually graduated from the university with a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry, First Class Honors. Apart from that, she obtained a scholarship to study the doctoral degree in Organic Chemistry as she held a bachelor degree with the outstanding academic scores. Wishing to pursue her study in the graduate level, she was admitted by Mahidol University to enroll the doctoral program with no requirements of a master degree. Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol attentively paid the most attention to her study and research. In spite of royal duties as the Princess, she always attended the classroom with her classmates. She also conducted an experiment in the laboratory with great attempts even though she was allergic to the chemicals. The topic of her dissertation was “Part I: Constituents of Boesenbergia pandurata (yellow rhizome) (Zingiberaceae); Part II: Additions of Iithio chloromethyl phenyl sulfoxide to aldimines and alpha, beta-unsaturated compounds”. She was finally awarded her Doctorate in Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University on 11 July 1985. Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol additionally received her Doctorate in Aquaculture from the Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University (Non-credit Curriculum) in 2006, following the research titled in “Molecular Genetic Studies and Preliminary Culture Experiments of Scallops Bivalve: Pectinidae) in Thailand”. 16

Education Background (Overseas) Professor Dr. HRH Chulabhorn Mahidol received the Doctor of Philosophy (Toxicology) from University of Tokyo in Japan as well as the Post Doctorate at University of Ulm in Germany, following her dissertation on “Synthesis of Oligonucleotides Using Polymer Support and Their Applications in Genetic Engineering”. Professor Dr. HRH Chulabhorn Mahidol has been recognized as a qualified scientist with the world’s outstanding awards in Chemical Carcinogenesis and Environmental Toxicology. Bearing in mind the shortage of medical and public health personnel as well as all sufferings of the people involved, particularly the needs for academic research supports in science, medicine, and public health, Professor Dr. HRH Chulabhorn Mahidol initiated Chulabhorn Fund, which was later registered as “Chulabhorn Foundation”. It actively involved the application of science and technology for improving the living standard of Thai people. As the founding president, Professor Dr. HRH Chulabhorn Mahidol launched the Chulabhorn Research Institute on 1 December 1987 with aims to promote the knowledge obtained from the research of science, technology, engineering, and social sciences for the country development. This institute also serves as the center for education and development of scientists, knowledge exchange of science and technology in collaboration with the international organizations, and the center of scholars with high potential and advanced technology for the country’s sustainable development. Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol always puts the main focus on the environment as she turns herself to be the leader with strong commitments to promote the knowledge of environmental science to the human resources of Thailand and provide the training programs to the neighboring countries as supported by international environmental organizations. Not only has Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol gained world recognition with regard to her distinguished abilities of science, but she has also applied the science and technology for the country development perfectly. These include education, hygiene, technology in agricultural production, forest management, environmental management, culture of economic animals, submarine resources conservation, and social status promotion of Thai women. At present, Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol acts as President of the Chulabhorn Research Institute, Head of the Natural Product Laboratory and the Chemical Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Special Advisor to the United Nations Environment Program, and Special Lecturer in Organic Chemistry for universities both domestic and international. 17

Honorary Awards 2011-2012 18

“N.D. Zelinsky Award”

On June 6, 2011, the Biochemical N.D. Zelinsky in Moskow, Russian Federation presented the “N.D. Zelinsky Award” to Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol for her masterpiece of chemical research which has been applied for the benefit of the country. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol was the first scientist who received this award.

“Distinguished Women in Chemistry”

On August 2, 2011, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in San Juan, Puerto Rico, presented the “Distinguished Women in Chemistry or chemical Engineering Award” to celebrate the International Chemical Year and the Centennial Celebration of Marie Curie Nobel Prize. Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol was one of 23 persons around the world selected, for her excellent chemical research and science and technical development.

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“Special Prize 2010”

On December 1, 2011, the Korea Invention Promotion Association at the Seoul International Invention Fair 2011 held in COEX Convention and Exhibition, Seoul, the Republic of Korea, presented the “Special Prize 2010” to Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol for her distinguished researches which have been invaluable contributed to the global innovation in the science society.

“Trophy and Gold Cross Medal International Order of Merit of the Inventors” and “Gold Cross of Merit with Blue Neck Ribbon”

“Honorary Awards ” On June 7, 2011, D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia in Moskow, Russian Federation, presented the Honourable Degree to Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol in her capacity as the tireless scientist who conducts the valuable researches which benefit to the mankind. On June 9, 2011, Saint Petersburg State University presented the Honourable Degree to Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol as a result of her distinguished research and development in the area of international social cooperation. Saint Petersburg State University is recognized as the center for scientific, education and cultural work, especially in the areas of the scientific and technological cooperation

On December 1, 2011, the International Federation of Inventor’s Associations (IFIA) presented to Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol the Trophy and “Gold Cross Medal International Order of the Inventors” and the Honourable Degree for the invention “Gold Cross of Merit with Blue Neck Ribbon” at the Seoul International Invention Fair 2011 held in COEX Convention and Exhibition, Seoul, the Republic of Korea. The Award was an honour for HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol’s contribution to country development, especially in raising the quality of life of the people. Moreover, HRH researches are also related to many value researches at the international levels.

On September 18, 2012, the Technical council of the People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moskow, Russian Federation, presented to Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol the Honourable Degree in her capacity as the Princess who has carried out various duties in the areas of science, education, culture, public health, technical development, international humanity cooperation, and the promotion of cooperation and relationships between the people of Thailand and Russian Federation.

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The biography was written by Professor Dr.

HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol when she paid her visit to Brazil in 1992 to attend the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (The Earth Summit). 21

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Professor Dr.

HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol attended the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) or the Earth Summit from 3-14 June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol attended the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) or the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil from 3-14 June 1992 This conference aimed to attract the world’s leaders to jointly formulate the strategies on the environment and development of all disciplines serving as the guidelines for the global community. The Brundtland Report initiated the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) or the Earth Summit or Rio Conference in June of 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil. Regarded as the world’s leader conference, it aimed to formulate the strategies essential for the environment and development of all disciplines used as the guidelines for the global community. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, consisting of 27 principles, was reaffirmed by the participating country leaders. In particular, the 7th principle relating to Common but Differentiated Responsibilities means that the states hold responsibilities for the environment conservation at their own capabilities. As approved in the conference, Agenda 21 refers to the agenda for sustainable development to combat the poverty, lessen the gaps between the developed and developing countries, and prioritize the environmental issues through sustainable development with regard to the environment conservation in accordance with the economic and social development of all levels. The Agenda 21 puts an emphasis on four essential components of sustainable development; Social and Economic Dimensions, Conservation and Management of Resources, Strengthening the Role of Major Groups, and Means of Implementation as follows. 1. Economic development shall be integrated in parallel with the development and environment conservation. 2. Waste of the energy, exploitation of resources, and release of the exhaust and pollutants cause the environment deterioration. These critical problems therefore cannot be ignored as they put an adverse effect on health conditions and standard of living of the people and the world’s creatures. 3. The environmental problem must be addressed as it abruptly affects health conditions and standard of living of the existing people as well as their next generations. 4. All human beings regardless of being poor or rich retain the equal rights for living in good environment with clean water, fresh air, and ability to control the use of their resources. 31

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Telex from H.E Anurak Thananan, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, The Royal Thai Embassy to the Federative Republic of Brazil, informing Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol on Proposed Programme of Visit to the Federative Republic of Brazil during 29 May-24 June 1992 44

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The Royal Letter from Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol to the Minister of Foreign Affair requesting for revising the List of Thai Delegation to The Secretary-General of the United Nations, New York.

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol assigned a mission to H.E.Mr. Anurak Thananan, Ambassador of the Kingdom of Thailand to the Federal Republic of Brazil, and to H.E.Mr. Nit Phibunsongkhram, Permanent Representative of Thailand to the United States of America, at Rio Centro Convention Center, Federal Republic of Brazil, June 1992.

H.E.Mr. Thanin Kraivicien, a member of the Privy Council and the former Prime Minister of Thailand, together with Ms. Natcharee Thananan, wife of the Ambassador of the Kingdom of Thailand to the Federal Republic of Brazil, welcomed Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol, at Rio de Janerio, Federal Republic of Brazil, 1 June 1992. 68

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Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn represented Thailand and His Majesty King Bhumibol at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT Rio de Janeiro 3-14 June 1992

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol was the representative of His Majesty the King and head of Thailand’s delegation to attend the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) or “Earth Summit” from 3-14 June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held from 3 - 14 June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil was attended by the delegates worldwide, including the heads of states and government leaders. On this occasion, Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol acted as the representative of His Majesty the King and head of Thailand’s delegation. Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol, as the representative of His Majesty the King and Head of Thailand’s delegation, took part in the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil. In addition, she actively encouraged the participating countries to be more aware of the environmental issues. 90

The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) or Rio+10 from 26 August – 4 September 2002 in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) or Rio+10 took place from 26 August – 4 September 2002 at Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa with objectives to review the progress and set out the implementation mechanism following the Agenda 21. These included missions based on agreements and conventions as a result of the 1992 Rio Conference, stressing the full participation of all concerned parties for concrete implementation to achieve the sustainable development. This meeting was attended by heads of states and government leaders of more than 100 countries accompanied by delegates of international organizations. Furthermore, two important documents were approved in the Rio+10 as follows. 1. Plan of Implementation for the WSSD or Johannesburg Plan of Implementation (JPOI) to secure the implementation based on the Agenda 21 and other outcomes of the UNCED for concrete achievements within the suitable time period. 2. Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development regarded as the political declaration by the heads of states, government leaders, and heads of delegation to push on the implementation in accordance with the outcomes of the UNCED and JPOI. As the representative of His Majesty the King, Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol led the senior delegation of relevant government agencies to attend the conference. On this occasion, she made her speech at the round table on 2 September 2002 as follows. “Thailand has attentively implemented several projects in line with the commitments of the Agenda 21, particularly those projects to assist the hill tribes in planting other crops to substitute the opium following His Majesty the King’s initiatives and the philosophy of “sufficiency economy” for poverty eradication and environmental conservation at the same time.” As the head of Thailand’s delegation, she also made her speech during the general discussion involving Thailand’s missions to implement the UNCED’s outcomes on 3 September 2002 as follows. “Despite the limits of its budget, the Government of Thailand has made numerous progresses, especially implementations following His Majesty the King’s initiatives under the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy regarded as the guidance for the country’s economic and social development by adhering to the middle path for the balance, quality, and sustainability…” 92

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A copy of Formal Letter from the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affair to The Office of His Majesty’s Principal Private Secretary, informing that The President of the Republic of South Africa invited His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej to attend the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg from 26 August to 4 September 2002.

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A Formal Letter from the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affair to the Vice President, International Affairs, Chulabhorn Research Institute, informing that the President of the Republic of South Africa invited His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej to attend the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg from 26 August to 4 September 2002.

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A Formal Letter from the Office of His Majesty’s Principal Private Secretary to the Ministry of Foreign Affair, informing that His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej has nominated Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol as His Majesty’s personal representative to participate in the World Summit on Sustainable Development.

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H.E.Mr. Zhu Rongji, Premier of the People’s Republic of China had an audience with Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol, at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johnanesburg, Republic of South Africa, 4 September 2002.

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The Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development From our origins to the future

4 September 2002

1. We, the representatives of the peoples of the world, assembled at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 2 to 4 September 2002, reaffirm our commitment to sustainable development. 2. We commit ourselves to building a humane, equitable and caring global society, cognizant of the need for human dignity for all. 3. At the beginning of this Summit, the children of the world spoke to us in a simple yet clear voice that the future belongs to them, and accordingly challenged all of us to ensure that through our actions they will inherit a world free of the indignity and indecency occasioned by poverty, environmental degradation and patterns of unsustainable development. 4. As part of our response to these children, who represent our collective future, all of us, coming from every corner of the world, informed by different life experiences, are united and moved by a deeply felt sense that we urgently need to create a new and brighter world of hope. 5. Accordingly, we assume a collective responsibility to advance and strengthen the interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars of sustainable development — economic development, social development and environmental protection — at the local, national, regional and global levels. 6. From this continent, the cradle of humanity, we declare, through the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development and the present Declaration, our responsibility to one another, to the greater community of life and to our children. 7. Recognizing that humankind is at a crossroads, we have united in a common resolve to make a determined effort to respond positively to the need to produce a practical and visible plan to bring about poverty eradication and human development. From Stockholm to Rio de Janeiro to Johannesburg 8. Thirty years ago, in Stockholm, we agreed on the urgent need to respond to the problem of environmental deterioration. Ten years ago, at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, we agreed that the protection of the environment and social and economic development are fundamental to sustainable development, based on the Rio Principles. To achieve such development, we adopted the global programme entitled Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, to which we reaffirm our commitment. The Rio Conference was a significant milestone that set a new agenda for sustainable development. 9. Between Rio and Johannesburg, the world’s nations have met in several major conferences under the auspices of the United Nations, including the International Conference on Financing for Development, as well as the Doha Ministerial Conference. These conferences defined for the world a comprehensive vision for the future of humanity. 10. At the Johannesburg Summit, we have achieved much in bringing together a rich tapestry of peoples and views in a constructive search for a common path towards a world that respects and implements the vision of sustainable development. The Johannesburg Summit has also confirmed that significant progress has been made towards achieving a global consensus and partnership among all the people of our planet. The challenges we face 11. We recognize that poverty eradication, changing consumption and production patterns and protecting and managing the natural resource base for economic and social development are overarching objectives of and essential requirements for sustainable development.

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12. The deep fault line that divides human society between the rich and the poor and the ever-increasing gap between the developed and developing worlds pose a major threat to global prosperity, security and stability. 13. The global environment continues to suffer. Loss of biodiversity continues, fish stocks continue to be depleted, desertification claims more and more fertile land, the adverse effects of climate change are already evident, natural disasters are more frequent and more devastating, and developing countries more vulnerable, and air, water and marine pollution continue to rob millions of a decent life. 14. Globalization has added a new dimension to these challenges. The rapid integration of markets, mobility of capital and significant increases in investment flows around the world have opened new challenges and opportunities for the pursuit of sustainable development. But the benefits and costs of globalization are unevenly distributed, with developing countries facing special difficulties in meeting this challenge. 15. We risk the entrenchment of these global disparities and unless we act in a manner that fundamentally changes their lives the poor of the world may lose confidence in their representatives and the democratic systems to which we remain committed, seeing their representatives as nothing more than sounding brass or tinkling cymbals. Our commitment to sustainable development 16. We are determined to ensure that our rich diversity, which is our collective strength, will be used for constructive partnership for change and for the achievement of the common goal of sustainable development. 17. Recognizing the importance of building human solidarity, we urge the promotion of dialogue and cooperation among the world’s civilizations and peoples, irrespective of race, disabilities, religion, language, culture or tradition. 18. We welcome the focus of the Johannesburg Summit on the indivisibility of human dignity and are resolved, through decisions on targets, timetables and partnerships, to speedily increase access to such basic requirements as clean water, sanitation, adequate shelter, energy, health care, food security and the protection of biodiversity. At the same time, we will work together to help one another gain access to financial resources, benefit from the opening of markets, ensure capacity-building, use modern technology to bring about development and make sure that there is technology transfer, human resource development, education and training to banish underdevelopment forever. 19. We reaffirm our pledge to place particular focus on, and give priority attention to, the fight against the worldwide conditions that pose severe threats to the sustainable development of our people, which include: chronic hunger; malnutrition; foreign occupation; armed conflict; illicit drug problems; organized crime; corruption; natural disasters; illicit arms trafficking; trafficking in persons; terrorism; intolerance and incitement to racial, ethnic, religious and other hatreds; xenophobia; and endemic, communicable and chronic diseases, in particular HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis. 20. We are committed to ensuring that women’s empowerment, emancipation and gender equality are integrated in all the activities encompassed within Agenda 21, the Millennium development goals and the Plan of Implementation of the Summit. 21. We recognize the reality that global society has the means and is endowed with the resources to address the challenges of poverty eradication and sustainable development confronting all humanity. Together, we will take extra steps to ensure that these available resources are used to the benefit of humanity. 22. In this regard, to contribute to the achievement of our development goals and targets, we urge developed countries that have not done so to make concrete efforts reach the internationally agreed levels of official development assistance.

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23. We welcome and support the emergence of stronger regional groupings and alliances, such as the New Partnership for Africa’s Development, to promote regional cooperation, improved international cooperation and sustainable development. 24. We shall continue to pay special attention to the developmental needs of small island developing States and the least developed countries. 25. We reaffirm the vital role of the indigenous peoples in sustainable development. 26. We recognize that sustainable development requires a long-term perspective and broad- based participation in policy formulation, decision-making and implementation at all levels. As social partners, we will continue to work for stable partnerships with all major groups, respecting the independent, important roles of each of them. 27. We agree that in pursuit of its legitimate activities the private sector, including both large and small companies, has a duty to contribute to the evolution of equitable and sustainable communities and societies. 28. We also agree to provide assistance to increase income-generating employment opportunities, taking into account the Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work of the International Labour Organization. 29. We agree that there is a need for private sector corporations to enforce corporate accountability, which should take place within a transparent and stable regulatory environment. 30. We undertake to strengthen and improve governance at all levels for the effective implementation of Agenda 21, the Millennium development goals and the Plan of Implementation of the Summit. Multilateralism is the future 31. To achieve our goals of sustainable development, we need more effective, democratic and accountable international and multilateral institutions. 32. We reaffirm our commitment to the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations and international law, as well as to the strengthening of multilateralism. We support the leadership role of the United Nations as the most universal and representative organization in the world, which is best placed to promote sustainable development. 33. We further commit ourselves to monitor progress at regular intervals towards the achievement of our sustainable development goals and objectives. Making it happen! 34. We are in agreement that this must be an inclusive process, involving all the major groups and Governments that participated in the historic Johannesburg Summit. 35. We commit ourselves to act together, united by a common determination to save our planet, promote human development and achieve universal prosperity and peace. 36. We commit ourselves to the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development and to expediting the achievement of the time-bound, socio-economic and environmental targets contained therein. 37. From the African continent, the cradle of humankind, we solemnly pledge to the peoples of the world and the generations that will surely inherit this Earth that we are determined to ensure that our collective hope for sustainable development is realized. *************

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol was the representative of His Majesty the King and head of Thailand’s delegation to attend the World Summit on Sustainable Development from 26 August-4 September 2002 in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol acted as the representative of His Majesty the King and head of Thailand’s delegation to attend the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) at Sandton Convention Centre in Republic of South Africa (4 September 2002).

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol made her speech at the Opening Ceremony of the World Partners for Promoting Healthy Environment for Children. With respect to this meeting, she was invited by the UN’s World Health Organization (WHO) to be a speaker for the topic “Healthy Environment for Children” at Crowne Plaza Hotel in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (1 September 2002).

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol talked to Minister of Public Health of South Africa at the Opening Ceremony of the World Partners for Healthy Environment for Children at Crowne Plaza Hotel in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (1 September 2002).

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The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) or Rio+20 from 13-22 June 2012 Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol, Representative of His Majesty the King and Head of Thailand’s delegation, was in attendance at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) or Rio+20 from 13-22 June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil. She was accompanied by delegates of relevant government agencies such as Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Foreign Affairs, Energy, Industry, Science and Technology, Commerce, Labor, Transportation, Public Health, and Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board. This convention aimed to bring the world’s leaders to reaffirm the implementation for sustainable development, report the progress, and jointly address the solutions to those arising obstacles with regards to two main topics; (1) Green economy within the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication and (2) Institutional framework for sustainable development. The Rio+20 successfully drew more than 191 country members led by 79 heads of states or country leaders and approximately 44,000 participants of government ministers and delegates of non-governmental organizations together with those of UN entities. Leaders of each country made their speech stressing the sustainable development policies and emerging challenges for sustainable development. They also highlighted the importance of sustainable development following the outcome document “The Future We Want” and encourage the country members for implementation. For Thailand, Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol, as the representative of His Majesty the King and head of Thailand’s delegation, attended the high-level round table under the topic of “Looking at the way forward in implementing the expected outcomes of the Conference” on 20 June 2012. Based on the speech on behalf of Thailand delivered by Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol on 22 June 2012, Thailand has actively implemented the sustainable development since 1977. His Majesty the King has initiated the sustainable development guidance commonly known as “the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy” to improve the standard of living to match with the environment and surrounding nature. The “Sufficiency Economy” stresses the sustainable living as important requirements for poverty eradication and sustainability of Thailand. With respect to the green economy and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol put a strong emphasis that enhancement of science, technology, innovation, and friendly-environment technology transfer was able to promote the green economy and sustainability. As there were several measures to forward the green economy, the participating countries specifically subject to the developing ones should be flexible in building their own policies for sustainable development. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) required continuous talks and discussions while incorporating the people’s health as one of the goals for sustainable development. The UN roles, from her viewpoints, through the United Nations and relevant entities were truly essential for promoting the interregional sustainable development. Thailand would fully help to promote sustainable development in the interregional level through Centers of Excellence. She also mentioned that Thailand aimed to implement the sustainability with regards to environmental and social problems as described in the national development agenda. Before closing the RIO+20, the document of expected outcomes, “The Future We Want”, was approved as the framework for environmental missions among the global community. To keep the promise in implementing sustainable development and solving the world’s problems as described in the expected outcomes of RIO+20 “The Future We Want”, Thailand required the main agency to be in charge of the missions. Accordingly, the “Sustainable Development Commission”, chaired by the Prime Minister, was designated as the country’s internal mechanism to integrate the implementations of all involved agencies systematically and sustainably. The Commission members are also from the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Tourism and Sports, the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security, the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Labour, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Health, the Ministry of Industry, the National Economic and Social Development Board and the Budget Bureau. The members from non-governmental organizational include Chulabhorn Research Institute, the Federation of Thai Industry, Thailand Chamber of Commerce, Thailand Development Research Institute, Thailand Environment Institute and Good Governance for Social Development and the Environment Institute. In addition, there are four independent experts in the fields of economic, social, natural resources and environment, international law, science, energy and others. The Ministry of Natural Resources and | Environment was appointed as the secretary of the aforementioned commission.

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Ms. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton, former First Lady of the United States, greeted with Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol at Rio Centro Convention Center, Federal Republic of Brazil, 22 June 2012.

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol Attends the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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rofessor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol attended the UN Conference on Sustainable Development, UNCSD (Rio+20) in Rio de Janeiro from 20-22 June 2012 as personal representative of His Majesty King Bhumibol and head of the delegation for Thailand, which also included representatives from the Royal Thai Government: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Public Health, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Tourism and Sports, Ministry of Energy, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, and the Ministry of Labour. The UNCSD was organized to mark the 20th anniversary of the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), held in Rio de Janeiro,

and the 10th anniversary of the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), held in Johannesburg. Sustainable development is the guiding principle for long-term global development and consists of 3 dimensions: economic development, social development and environmental protection. Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The UNCSD was attended by Heads of State and Governments, and high-level representatives, who renewed their commitment to sustainable development and to ensuring the promotion of an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable future for the planet and for present and future generations. The (Continued on page 2)

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol Attends the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Continued from page 1)

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PARAQUAT USE AND RESPIRATORY HEALTH EFFECTS AMONG FARMERS IN SOUTH KOREA

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araquat (1,1‘-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dichloride) is a non-selective herbicide that has been applied in more than 100 developed and developing countries throughout the world. It is extensively used for weed control both on plantations and by small-scale farmers in hundreds of different crops, including corn, rice, orchards, soybeans, vegetables and many other crops. Paraquat has been ranked as one of the most commonly used pesticides and it is the main causative agent for acute poisoning in South Korea. Paraquat is acutely causes a great number

toxic and of health

effects. Over the preceding decades, numerous fatalities from paraquat exposure have been recorded, mainly as a result of accidental or voluntary ingestion. The major cause of death from paraquat poisoning is respiratory failure due to oxidative damage to the alveolar epithelium, with subsequent pulmonary ďŹ brosis. Pulmonary function abnormalities, especially decreased diffusing capacity, were reported among survivors of acute paraquat poisoning in Japan. However, the occupational hazards presented by chronic paraquat exposure have been less well

characterised, and a limited number of epidemiological studies on respiratory health effects among paraquat applicators have been performed. Chronic exposure to paraquat among farmers has been reported in certain studies to show an association with respiratory symptoms, such as wheeze, shortness of breath and chronic cough, subclinical gas exchange abnormalities, but not in others. The limitations of earlier epidemiological studies include small sample sizes and exposure to multiple pesticides. (Continued on page 3)

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol was the representative of His Majesty the King and head of Thailand’s delegation to attend the RIO+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development 2012 from 20-22 June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol as the representative of His Majesty the King led Thailand’s delegation to participate in the RIO+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development 2012 from 20-22 June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil. This conference brought 132 countries worldwide aimed to encourage the world’s leaders to secure the sustainable development. At the meeting, Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol emphasized the importance of three pillars of sustainable development which included economy, society, and environment. She also shared the experiences of sustainable development in Thailand to the whole participants, citing examples under the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy initiated by His Majesty the King stressing the people’s needs, environmental balance, and sufficient living. These proved the necessity for people of all levels and important requirements for poverty eradication viewed as the way to forward the country’s sustainable development.

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol and Mr. Emomali Rahmon, President ofTajikistan, attended the round table on the topic of “Looking at the Way Forward in Implementing the Expected Outcomes of the Conference”.

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol, Representative of His Majesty the King and Head of Thailand’s delegation, took a photo with the state heads and delegation leaders of 132 countries participating in the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil (20 June 2012).

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Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol had an audience with King Mswati III of Swaziland attending the RIO+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development at Rio Centro Convention Center in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil (20 June 2012).

Professor Dr. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol granted an audience to Bhutan’s participants during her visit to attend the RIO+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development as the representative of His Majesty the King and head of Thailand’s delegation at Rio Centro Convention Center in Rio de Janeiro, Federal Republic of Brazil (21 June 2012).

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Bibliography เอกสาร (Document) กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ กรมพิธีการทูต กองแบบพิธี. ศ.ดร.สมเด็จพระเจ้าลูกเธอ เจ้าฟ้าจุฬาภรณวลัยลักษณ์ อัครราชกุมารี เสด็จฯ เยือนสหรัฐอเมริกา แคนาดาและบราซิล ระหว่างวันที่ ๒๔ พฤษภาคม – ๓ มิถุนายน ๒๕๓๕. ๒๕๓๕. (รหัสแฟ้ม ๑๐๓๐๒-๔๓๗-๓๐๒-๖๒๑-๓๕-๐๓) กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ. กรมสนธิสัญญาและกฎหมาย กองกฎหมาย. การประชุมสุดยอดระดับโลกว่าด้วย การพัฒนาที่ย่งั ยืน (WSSD) ระหว่างวันที่ ๒๖ สิงหาคม - ๔ กันยายน ๒๕๔๕ ณ นครโจฮันเนสเบอร์ก สาธารณรัฐแอฟริกาใต้ : การเตรียมการ. ๒๕๔๕. (รหัสแฟ้ม ๑๐๘๐๒-๖๗๘-๔๑๑-๒๑๑-๔๕-๐๑) กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ. กรมองค์การระหว่างประเทศ กองกิจการเพื่อการพัฒนา. ถ้อยแถลงผู้นำประเทศต่างๆ ในการประชุมสุดยอดระดับโลกว่าด้วยการพัฒนาที่ยั่งยืน (WSSD) ระหว่างวันที่ ๒๖ สิงหาคม - ๔ กันยายน ๒๕๔๕ ณ นครโจฮันเนสเบอร์ก สาธารณรัฐแอฟริกาใต้. ๒๕๔๕-๒๕๔๖. (รหัสแฟ้ม ๑๑๐๐๓-๖๗๘-๗๐๕-๒๑๑-๔๕-๐๒) “…………..” การประชุมสหประชาชาติ ว่าด้วยเรื่องสิ่งแวดล้อมและการพัฒนา (UNCED) ทีจ่ ะมีขึ้นระหว่าง วันที่ ๑ - ๑๒ มิถนุ ายน ๒๕๓๕ ณ บราซิล : การประชุมคณะอนุกรรมการ / คณะทำงานและท่าทีของไทยต่อการประชุม UNCED ระหว่างเดือนสิงหาคม ๒๕๓๔ - กุมภาพันธ์ ๒๕๓๕. ๒๕๓๔-๒๕๓๕. (รหัสแฟ้ม ๑๑๐๐๓-๕๖๒๖๐๒-๒๑๒-๓๔-๐๓) กระทรวงทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและสิ่งแวดล้อม, สำนักความร่วมมือระหว่างประเทศ. Rio+20, The future we want. (The Third session of the Preparatory Committee for the United Nation Conference on Sustainable Development Prep Com 3 for Rio+20 13-15 June 2012 and The United Nation Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) 20-22 June 2012, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil สถาบันวิจัยจุฬาภรณ์, ฝ่ายวิเทศสัมพันธ์ เอกสารการเสด็จพระราชดำเนินทรงร่วมการประชุมสหประชาชาติ ว่าด้วยการพัฒนาที่ยั่งยืน พ.ศ. ๒๕๓๕ - พ.ศ. ๒๕๕๕

วารสาร (Newsletter) วารสารมูลนิธิจุฬาภรณ์. ปีที่ ๑ ฉบับที่ ๓ ธันวาคม ๒๕๕๕ CRI / ICEIT Newsletter Vol. 2 No.3 July 1992 CRI / ICEIT Newsletter Vol. 12 No.1 October 2002

CRI / ICEIT Newsletter Vol. 22 No.3 July 2012

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Title :

HRH Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol and World Environment

Mainpulator :

Office of International Cooperation on Natural Resources and Environment Office of the Permanent Secretary

Publishers :

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

Advisers :

Mr. Chote Trachu Dr. Wijarn Simachaya H.E. Embassador Anurak Thananan

Editor :

Ms. Khanittha Wongpanich

Permanent Secretary Deputy Permanent Secretary Vice President, International Affairs, Chulabhorn Research Institute

Publication Department : Mr. Narisroj Fuangrabil Dr. Asdaporn Krairapanond Dr. Rungnapar Patanavibool Mr. Prasert Sirinapaporn Dr. Supawan Wongprayoon Ms. Sujittra Kiatsutthakorn Mr. Kiatniyom Theepprasan Ms. Ubon Chaisangoun Ms. Laorthong Amarinrat Mrs. Pattrawan Pultaweekiat Ms. Nongnuch Maneein Ms. Monti Kornkumhang Mr. Niwat Sakaethong Ms. Supattra Srithongkam Ms. Jarinya Maktham Printing House : Amarin Printing and Publishing Public Company Limited Year : 2014 ISBN : 978-616-316-155-0

14.5 x 21 cm.

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14.5 x 21 cm.

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14.5 x 21 cm.

56-03-088_BipadnaLang Lem3-Eng_Y scg.indd 120-121

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15 cm

san 25 mm.

15 cm

1.8 cm

1.8 cm

21.7 cm

1.8 cm

1.8 cm

56-03-088_Bihum Eng=5c_J-Kim.indd 1

SEE 5_Bihum Eng

56-03-088_Bihumpok Eng=5c_J Kim-cs3 mac 03

4/9/14 4:31:09 PM

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