Short Circuit in a system is caused accidentally either due to insulation failure or flashover over lines initiated by lightning or accidental faulty operation. The above phenomenon results in the flow of heavy short circuit currents through the equipment which may result in permanent damage to power system elements. Hence, it is important to ensure that the short circuit ratings of power system elements are adequate. In addition, the faulty parts need to be disconnected from the healthy power system network using circuit breakers, fuses, and other protection devices to protect the power system from further damage. The software used for short circuit studies is ETAP, DigSilent Powerfactory, PSS/E, and so on.
