Volume 26

60 Glorious Years

Jubilee Special !!

Summer 2012 Volume 26

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Message from the Editor This edition of PostHorn celebrates Her Majesty’s Diamond Jubilee and the Sixty Glorious Years of her reign. On the 5th June the celebrations begin in earnest when the whole country will join in many events across the land.

Elizabeth II is not the longest serving sovereign just yet though, and a feature in this volume will reveal who currently holds the title of longest serving monarch if you didn’t already know it! There are of course other unique events happening in 2012. Amongst these are the 30th Anniversary of the campaign to free the Falkland Islands, and an article on this relates to one person’s memories of their experience on those islands. Also, we can’t forget that the Games of the XXX Olympiad are being held in London this year, and we intend to do an Olympics’ Special edition for Volume 27 which we hope you’ll find both interesting and entertaining.

I think this would be a really good opportunity to thank all those who have chosen to advertise with us in this very special year, without whose support we would not have our magazine. Thank you all once again for your very valued patronage! Finally, I hope you enjoy reading our latest features.

Please feel free to comment and give us feedback by using the yellow PostHorn mailbox in Scole Village Stores at any time.

Roy Philpot

Contents Page 6 - 9

Church Pages

Page 10 - 12

Falklands Remembered

Page 14

Vera Alexander

Page 15

John Gardner

Page 18 - 19

60 Glorious Years

Page 20 - 35

Longest Reigning Monarchs

Page 37 - 40

Olympic History

Page 41

Thank You

Page 46 - 47

Parish Council News

3

Your

Contacts

Editor Roy Philpot 01379 670255 E-mail: philpot496@btconnect.com Features Contributor Chris Earl 01379 855416 E-mail: chrisjearl@hotmail.com Main Village Contact & Advertising Co-ordinator David Hillier 01379 740158 E-mail: chocs4@aol.com Advertising Trevor Raven 01379 741285 E-mail: trevor@listangels.co.uk Billingford Correspondent & Thorpe Parva News Sue Redgrave 01379 740837 E-mail: susan.redgrave182@btinternet.com Distribution : Gordon Larkins 01379 742713 E-mail: gordonlarkins@tiscali.co.uk

copy deadlines for editorial:

7 days before copy deadline dates please (no exceptions)

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4

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Thoughts from the Church ‘Jubilee’ “Consecrate the fiftieth year and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a Jubilee for you.”

(Leviticus 25:10)

Jubilee celebrations are not a recent creation. The Book of Leviticus in the Old Testament mentions ‘the Year of Jubilee’ and God, through Moses, instructs the Israelites to celebrate it every fifty years. It was to be a time for ‘taking stock’, of remembering where you came from; a time to rest from work and be generous to those less well off than yourself; a time to forgive and forget past wrongs and to thank God for all He had done for you. The ultimate concept associated with ‘Jubilee’ was that of forgiveness and restoration.

Debts were forgiven and lands restored. It was a time for a new start.

Jubilee 2000 - that was an international movement in over 40 countries to forgive third world countries their debts in a one off deal. It raised awareness but failed to be universally implemented. The ‘Make Poverty History’ Campaign’ followed to raise global awareness of the necessity to fight poverty and it is still active today, but there is still much to do if the world is to enable the principle of ‘Jubilee’.

As we celebrate Queen Elizabeth’s Diamond Jubilee, perhaps we should also make it a time for generosity, forgiveness and restoration. God, through Jesus his Son, forgave our sin and gave us the opportunity for a new start. We too can adopt the principle of forgiveness and restoration, the ‘Principle of Jubilee’, by mending broken relationships, helping others less well off than ourselves and giving others the opportunity for a new start.

Have a wonderful Summer and may the God of life bless us all.

Sincerely, Sue

6

Church Contact Details Rural Dean

Rev. Canon Tony Billett

Tel: 642072

For baptisms, banns and weddings please contact Margaret Swayze (643783) Church Wardens

Scole

Maurice Cormack Kay Travers Sue Auckland Lynda Mansfield

Ordinand Reader

Tel: 741197 Tel: 741054 Tel: 740325 Tel: 740401

(please contact Sue or Lynda for any pastoral needs, including home communions)

Church Secretaries Scole Billingford Church Treasurers Scole Billingford Benefice

Angela Rangecroft Sue Thomson

Tel: 740847 Tel: 651362

Gordon Larkins Jill Mattsson Kay Travers

Tel: 742713 Tel: 741741 Tel: 741054

From the Records Baptisms:

Nil

Marriages: April 28th Funerals: Feb 10th March 2nd April 20th May 4th

Rebecca Broomfield and Robert Lockwood

Phyllis Green (83yrs) Violet Kershaw (99yrs) Sheila Wilson (69yrs) John Gardner (60yrs)

Feb 29th April 13th April 26th

Vera Godbold (88yrs) Brian Lifton (71yrs) Vera Alexander (88yrs)

We have tried to include all records known but if we have omitted anyone, please accept our apologies and contact Sue Auckland (740325 ) who will ensure they are included in the next issue.

Various Items Lent Lunches - a huge thank you to everyone who provided food and who attended the lunches to raise money for the ‘Empowering Women in Papua New Guinea' Appeal. A total of £217.92 was raised with people enjoying an extended social ‘get-together’ as well as delicious home-made soup, fresh bread and cheese.

Our annual Gift-Weekend will be July 7th and 8th followed on Monday by an 'Evening of Prayer and Praise' at 7.30pm. We are most grateful for all your contributions which help to run and maintain the church.

7

Scole School Leavers’ Service will take place in Scole Church at 2.30 pm on Thursday 19th July. It is a time that allows the school, the church and especially pupils and their families, to celebrate time spent at school and to wish the children well, as they begin their new ‘adventure’ in High School.

Update on the appointment of the new Incumbent - by the time you read this, we shall be waiting to find out if we have appointed a new person to replace Trevor. Interviews were planned to take place at the end of May. If a suitable person was found, he or she will hopefully be in place in September.

Cake and Coffee Mornings - first Saturday of each month at the church from 10 - 12 noon. If you enjoy homemade sausage rolls, scones and cakes you won’t be disappointed, but there will not be one on June 2nd. Instead, to celebrate the Jubilee, there will be a ‘Special Jubilee Celebratory Lunch’ at 12 noon. Tickets - £6 each. Further details obtainable from Carol Larkins (742713), Kay Travers (741054) or Sue Auckland (740325).

Other Jubilee Celebrations include a special informal Kaleidoscope Service (10.00 for 10.30) on June 3rd at Scole Church.

Update on Trevor - many of you will be aware that Trevor went into the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital for an operation at the end of April. We were all pleased to hear that he was released early and is resting and recovering well at home. He is planning to be off work for six weeks and would love to hear from you if you would like to contact him by phone. He and Patricia are hoping to join us at the Rectory Tea in Church on Saturday August 11th.

The tea has become a popular and enjoyable occasion with an amazing variety of homemade cakes and sandwiches. If you would like to try the experience, tickets are £6 and places can be booked by contacting Carol, (742713), Kay (741054) or Sue (740325).

Church Cleaning Can anyone in the village spare a couple of hours every so often to help clean the church? If so, please contact Sue Auckland on 740325 or Georgie O’ Shaughnessy on 740127. Many thanks.

Service Rota - you will notice that there are some changes to our normal church service rota in August. We have been asked by Bishop Alan to plan our services alongside those of the Harleston Benefice to enable us to use the staff available to us, as in the new combined Benefice.

8

June Sunday

Services for Scole and Billingford 3

9.00am Billingford 10 for 10.30am Scole

Sunday

10

Sunday

17

Sunday

24

11am Scole 9.30am Billingford

HC Jubilee Kaleidoscope HC & Children’s Church MP

11am Scole

MP & Children's Church

11am Scole

HC

4.30pm Scole

Celebration Service

9.00am Billingford

HC

July Sunday

1

10 for 10.30am Scole

Sunday

8

Sunday

15

Sunday

22

11am Scole 9.30am Billingford

HC & Children’s Church MP

11am Scole

MP & Children's Church

11am Scole

HC

4.30pm Scole

Sunday

Kaleidoscope

29

10.30am Scole

5

10 for 10.30am Scole

Celebration Service MP - Benefice Service with Harleston

August Sunday

3.00pm Billingford

Sunday

12

Sunday

19

Sunday

26

11.00am Scole 9.30am Billingford

Kaleidoscope HC HC & Children’s Church MP

11am Scole

MP & Children’s Church

11am Scole

HC

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The Falklands War 1982 Remembered

by Tony O’Shaughnessy Blue Beach Military Cemetery overlooking San Carlos Water, where invasion began

On Friday 2 April 1982, Argentine Forces invaded and occupied the Falkland Islands and South Georgia. In response, the British Government dispatched a Naval Task Force to engage the Argentine Forces and retake the islands by amphibious assault. The conflict lasted 74 days and was fought on land, sea and in the air and ended with the Argentine surrender on 14 June, returning the islands to British control. The Argentine forces were disarmed and quickly returned to their homeland, leaving behind a large amount of equipment, war material and ammunition. Although a short war compared to recent conflicts, it was fought over testing and difficult terrain during a South Atlantic Winter. 649 Argentine Military personnel, 255 British Military personnel and 3 Falkland Islanders died during the conflict.

After the expulsion of the Argentine forces, the Government decided that a Garrison strong enough to deter any future invasion by Argentina should be put in place. This project commenced immediately after the cessation of hostilities and took a number of years to complete, during which time an Airfield and Military base was built at a site called Mount Pleasant and a Port and Naval Base at Mare Harbour. In the interim period, the Falkland Interim Port and Storage System (FIPASS) was built and moored in Stanley Harbour (still in use today) along with 3 floating accommodation platforms, on one of which I was accommodated. A large container storage area near the FIPASS was cleared for the Falkland Islands Logistic Battalion (FILOG) and a Royal Engineer and REME storage and workshop complex were constructed. All of this was achieved in a short space of time, by the extraordinary skills of hundreds of Royal Engineers.

10

Because of their strategic location in the South Atlantic, the Falkland Islands have always been an important base for the Royal Navy (RN) and are still so today. In Port Stanley there is a monument to the British Naval victory over the Imperial German Navy on 8th December 1914, and ships refitting at Port Stanley took part in the Battle of the River Plate on 13th December 1939.

The most famous was HMS Exeter which returned with severe damage to Port Stanley for repairs. The wounded were looked after by the locals before returning to England where the ships company was given a tumultuous welcome home.

Port Stanley - Liberation monument

As one of the many thousands of military personnel deployed to the post war Falklands, I was sent at short notice to replace an officer who had been repatriated to the UK for medical reasons. My journey south was by VC 10 to Ascension Island and then onwards by Hercules C130 (a 14 hour flight) to RAF Stanley during which some very tricky in flight refuelling took place. On arrival at Stanley airport I was met by the Adjutant of FILOG and informed that the military forces on the islands were deployed to their war locations. I was taken to temporary accommodation and told to leave all my equipment there, dress for field conditions and to draw ammunition and a weapon.

Yours truly

11

About an hour later a Land Rover picked me up and took me to Battalion Headquarters where I was briefed by my Commanding Officer, introduced to the soldiers who I was to command and after 4 cold, uncomfortable and sleepless days and nights I eventually returned to my permanent accommodation to settle in for the next 5 plus months.

Living conditions were clean and basic and those of us that were based outside Port Stanley were accommodated in conditions that were dry, with hot and cold running water, out of the cold and wind and the food was excellent.

The remainder of the camps were made up of Porte Cabins, but for the soldiers and airmen scattered in small detachments across the islands, their accommodation was very poor e.g. empty ISO containers were used at some Field kitchen locations.

I had been commissioned 18 months previously and was now a Captain Quartermaster, a complete change from my primary trade as a Military Photographer. The small detachment I was to command consisted of a Warrant Officer, 3 Senior NCO’s and 4 Junior Ranks. They were a good bunch of lads and realising I had been dropped in at the deep end, did everything possible to assist me in settling down to my new role.

Part 2 of Tony’s story will appear in the Autumn edition of PostHorn

Looking west out of Port Stanley 12

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by Sue Redgrave

Chairman of SNDC When I wrote about Peter and Vera Alexander last year and their time at Thorpe Parva Hall, little did I expect to be writing about their passing within the next year. Vera’s Funeral was held at the small church at Billingford on April 26th 2012. One Hundred and ten people came to pay tribute to her which shows in what esteem she was held.

Her parents were natives of Suffolk. Her father was in the Metropolitan Police Force and she spent her childhood on the outskirts of London. When she was 18 she joined the WRNS, a very important period in her life. Her employment certificate states that her character was “very good” and “takes charge well and is most reliable and competent”. At the funeral, her son Michael said it would seem a very perceptive report as over the next 64 years not a lot changed.

She was elected to represent Scole, Billingford, Thorpe Abbotts, Brockdish and Needham on SNDC in the mid 1970’s and held the seat until she retired in 2007 despite challenges at every election. She knew lots of her constituents personally and strived to help them wherever possible. She was proud of the fact that Scole and Brockdish both had bypasses built during her time in office. She was elected Chairman of SNDC twice and made an Alderman of the council in 2010 in recognition of her service. She once said to me she was a great believer in “you get out of something what you put in”.

Vera was a devoted wife, mother, mother-in-law and a doting Grandmother.

Sadly when her husband Peter passed away in September 2011, Vera was already not in the best of health. She went into Norfolk and Norwich Hospital last December and never returned to her beloved Thorpe Parva, which had been her home since 1952.

I am sure she will be sadly missed by the many lives she touched throughout her life.

14

by Sue Redgrave

On May 4th 2012, John Gardner took his final journey to his resting place in Billingford Churchyard. His wish was to travel on a trailer pulled by his lovingly restored Massey Ferguson from his home at Common Farm via the land he loved and worked on all his life. The small church of St Leonard, Billingford was packed to capacity and beyond into the churchyard grounds with three hundred people, which included his family, friends, residents of the village and many who had known John throughout his distinguished farming career.

John had fought his illness courageously, never dwelling on it, but working tirelessly to plant and bring in his crops. Sadly he had to give up farming last year, but his time was then taken up preparing for his Machinery Sale, held only a few weeks previous to his death. He was renowned for always looking after his machinery; it was always kept meticulously clean and polished and maintained to a high standard - hence so many people at the sale who knew just that.

John was a loving husband to Lesley, much loved dad to Sarah, Nicola and Paul and a doting granddad to Mitchell, Ewan, Harry, Zak and Finley. The young boys were following him in his love of tractors, as the tribute recorded

by Sarah and Nicola and played during the service showed.

John held many awards for his crops over the years and his love of the Massey Ferguson never wavered. He didn’t have any time for other makes of tractors and Combine Harvesters.

He will be greatly missed by his family and the farming community and everyone who ever knew him.

Congratulations to for his on July 2nd from Pearl and Terry X 15

Scole Feather Report

by Trevor Raven

Have you heard a nightingale sing?

Many birds have lovely songs at this time of the year. The blackbird’s sweet song is heard in all our gardens, and in the early morning the whole countryside rings with the song of robins, wrens, dunnocks, blackcap and thrush, each competing to impress the ladies of his kind. Yet the prince of all these hedgerow songsters is without doubt the Nightingale. He, because it is the male that sings, is quite simply enchanting. An amazing repertoire of unstructured trills, gurgles, churrs, in low to very high notes that few other species can match. These thrush sized visitors arrive in April and sing until June. At one time, over forty five years ago, nightingales were found down Bungay Road and around the Horseshoes Inn at Billingford. Sadly they are now scarce in our countryside. The highest densities are in Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Kent. We stood spellbound at the entrance to Lackford Lakes Nature Reserve one morning in early May as four nightingales performed a singing challenge. We could not see them skulking deep within the thicket, but the contest drowned out all the other birds. All we could do was stand in awe. Later, we watched a cuckoo flying from tree to tree calling for a mate.

The reed beds around the lakes were alive with singing warblers, low overhead flocks of swifts and swallows were swooping to catch flies.

The swallows appeared in Scole during the third week of April, and on Sunday 29th April were briefly joined by three buzzards circling high over Bungay road; two house martins were seen, darting around below them. A blackcap and a chiff chaff have joined the resident birds in our hedgerow: goldfinches, wren, robin, blackbird, dunnock, chaffinch, sparrows, greenfinch and many more are all building their nests. Scole and the whole area has come alive, despite the rain.

At around 7am on Monday 30th April our turtle dove suddenly appeared, and began his deep purring song. He has survived the Sahara crossing and the guns of southern Europe to begin his 7th season in Scole. Today the turtle dove is so scarce in Britain that it has now been designated our most threatened farmland bird. How nice it is to live in this area.

If you have a computer, and would like to hear the song of a nightingale, send me an email just saying, nightingale, to trevor@listangels.co.uk Once heard never forgotten.

16

Picture archive RSPB A secretive bird with a very beautiful song, which likes to hide in the middle of an impenetrable bush or thicket. In the UK they breed south of the Severn-Wash line and mostly in East Anglia and the south coast. Nightingales winter in West Africa, south of the Sahara Desert.

Smaller and darker than the collared dove, the turtle dove also winters in West Africa arriving back at its nesting site in early May and leaving in September. Its rapid decline in recent years has put this bird on the Red List of endangered species, and it is now restricted to East Anglia and the south coast.

Like the above birds, the cuckoo winters south of the Sahara Desert. Adults arrive in early April and depart in August, with young birds leaving a month or so later.

The female lays an egg in the nest of birds such as the meadow pipit, dunnock or reed warbler. The markings match those on the prey bird’s own eggs, restricting the cuckoo to just one prey species, which it cannot change.

This rare Purple Orchid was found growing in Thelveton

by Corinne Moore at the beginning of May.

17

Nightingale

Turtle Dove

Cuckoo

The Queen Sixty Glorious Years 1952 - 2012

by Roy Philpot It’s hard to imagine anyone being in one job for a total of 60 years, and yet our Queen has been a wonderful servant of this United Kingdom for all of that time, and I’m sure we all hope for many more to come.

Time does not seem to weary her in any serious way, and although the public engagements are fewer these days the constant tasks that are demanding of a monarch are still dutifully completed.

I was born in 1952 and have never known any other monarch than Elizabeth II. Indeed, it is quite conceivable that if she lives to be her mother’s age, the Queen could even outlive me!

Let’s just think about that achievement for a moment. When you think about the reign of a monarch for all that time as the Head of State, how many countries can boast that fact? Our Queen has served through the completed terms of twelve Prime Ministers so far in her reign.

Sir Winston Churchill 1952–1955 Sir Anthony Eden 1955–1957 Harold Macmillan 1957–1963 Sir Alec Douglas-Home 1963–1964 Harold Wilson 1964–1970 Edward Heath 1970–1974 Harold Wilson 1974–1976 James Callaghan 1976–1979 Margaret Thatcher 1979–1990 John Major 1990–1997 Tony Blair 1997–2007 Gordon Brown 2007–2010 David Cameron 2010–present 18

Governments come and go, but the one constant that has always been there to steady the ship in troubled times is the Queen. Regardless of whether or not you believe in a Republic or the role of the monarchy, it is without doubt that the monarchy is still much loved and well respected by the majority of her subjects.

Her role as our Ambassador around the world, and her still successful tours of foreign lands which are always very well received, still proves that there is still much left in this institution. There can be hardly anyone around the civilised world that has not heard of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. The Queen is also Head of State of the Commonwealth Countries. · · · · ·

Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados The Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands, Saint Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines Tuvalu, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda St Kitts and Nevis.

Queen Elizabeth II has been head of state of 32 different Commonwealth realms since 1952. Currently, there are 16 realms.

The Queen has had 12 British Prime Ministers, second only to George III, who had 14, and two more than the number had by Queen Victoria. She has also had 14 New Zealand Prime Ministers, 12 Australian Prime Ministers and 11 Canadian Prime Ministers. The Queen has had a total of 156 Prime Ministers during her reign.

So during the time when we celebrate Her Majesty’s Sixty Glorious Years, please take some time to raise a glass of something and give a toast to a wonderful lady who has served us magnificently!

God bless the Queen!

Long may she reign over us Happy, and glorious!

19

Total reign 63 years & 216 days Queen Victoria Alexandrina Victoria; (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) and was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death.

From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India. Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the Duke of Kent and the King died in 1820, and Victoria was raised under close supervision by her German-born mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She inherited the throne at the age of 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue.

The United Kingdom was already an established constitutional monarchy, in which the Sovereign held relatively few direct political powers. Privately, she attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments.

Publicly, she became a national icon, and was identified with strict standards of personal morality. She married her first cousin, Prince Albert of SaxeCoburg and Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children and 26 of their 34 grandchildren who survived childhood married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the nickname "the grandmother of Europe".

After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. As a result of her seclusion, republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign, her popularity recovered.

Her Golden and Diamond Jubilees were times of public celebration. Her reign of 63 years and 7 months, which is longer than that of any other British monarch and the longest of any female monarch in history so far, is known as the Victorian era.

It was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. She was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover; her son and successor Edward VII belonged to the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

20

Total reign 59 years & 96 days George III George William Frederick; (4 June 1738[1] – 29 January 1820) and was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lßneburg ("Hanover") in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814.

He was the third British monarch of the House of Hanover, but unlike his two Hanoverian predecessors he was born in Britain, spoke English as his first language, and never visited Hanover. His life and reign, which were longer than those of any previous British monarch, were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms, much of the rest of Europe, and places farther afield in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Early in his reign, Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War becoming the dominant European power in North America and India. However, many of its American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence.

He played a minor role in the wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793, which concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

In the later part of his life, George III suffered from recurrent and eventually permanent mental illness. Medical practitioners were baffled by this at the time, although it has since been suggested that he suffered from the blood disease porphyria. After a final relapse in 1810, a regency was established, and George III's eldest son, George, Prince of Wales, ruled as Prince Regent.

On George III's death, the Prince Regent succeeded his father as George IV. Until re-assessment in the later half of the twentieth century, his reputation in America was one of a tyrant and in Britain he became "the scapegoat for the failure of imperialism". He is often remembered as "The Mad King" and "The King Who Lost America".

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Total reign 57 years and 246 days James VI and I of Scots James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland.

James I from the union of the English and Scottish crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death.

The kingdoms of England and Scotland were individual sovereign states, with their own parliaments, judiciary, and laws, though both were ruled by James in personal union.

He became King of Scotland at the age of thirteen months, succeeding his mother Mary, Queen of Scots, who had been compelled to abdicate in his favour. Four different regents governed during his minority, which ended officially in 1578, though he did not gain full control of his government until 1583. In 1603, he succeeded the last Tudor monarch of England and Ireland, Elizabeth I, who died without issue.

He continued to reign in all three kingdoms for 22 years, often using the title King of Great Britain and Ireland, until his death in 1625 at the age of 58.

He based himself in England (the largest of the three realms) from 1603.

James began the Plantation of Ulster and of North America. At 57 years and 246 days, his reign in Scotland was longer than any of his predecessors.

He achieved most of his aims in Scotland but faced great difficulties in England, including the Gunpowder Plot in 1605 and repeated conflicts with the English Parliament.

Under James, the "Golden Age" of Elizabethan literature and drama continued, with writers such as William Shakespeare, John Donne, Ben Jonson, and Sir Francis Bacon contributing to a flourishing literary culture.

James himself was a talented scholar, the author of works such as Daemonologie (1597), True Law of Free Monarchies (1598), and Basilikon Doron (1599). He sponsored the translation of the Bible that was named after him, the Authorised King James Version. Sir Anthony Weldon claimed that James had been termed "the wisest fool in Christendom", an epithet associated with his character ever since. Recent historians, however, have revised James's reputation and have treated him as a serious and thoughtful monarch.

22

Scole based

Firewood

Brass Band Concert St Andrew's Church Thelveton Sunday September 9th at 5pm Award-winning Thundersley Brass Band will again visit us for another "Last Night of the Proms" style concert.

The Perfect Venue For Your Perfect Event!

The award-winning state-of-the-art facilities of The Pennoyer Centre provide a welcoming local venue to host weddings, parties or gatherings.

The venue also offers inspiring and flexible facilities for meetings, conferences and events.

Light refreshments during the interval.

Tickets £10 available from: Jackie Jones, Tollgate Cottage, 37 Norwich Road, Thelveton or Gale Hodgkinson, 55 Merlewood, Dickleburgh, Diss, IP21 4PL

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Total reign 56 years & 29 days Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester.

He was the first child king in England since the reign of Ethelred the Unready.

England prospered during his reign. His greatest monument is Westminster, which he made the seat of his government and where he expanded the abbey as a shrine to Edward the Confessor. He is the first of only five monarchs to reign in the Kingdom of England or its successor states for 50 years or more, the others being Edward III (1327–1377), George III (1760–1820), Queen Victoria (1837–1901) and Elizabeth II (1952–present).

He assumed the crown under the regency of the popular William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, but the England he inherited had undergone several drastic changes in the reign of his father. He spent much of his reign fighting the barons over Magna Carta and the royal rights, and was eventually forced to call the first "parliament" in 1264. He was also unsuccessful on the Continent, where he endeavoured to re-establish English control over Normandy, Anjou, and Aquitaine.

Henry VI Total reign 38 years & 185 days (6 December 1421 – 21 May 1471) was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471, and disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453. Until 1437, his realm was governed by regents.

Contemporaneous accounts described him as peaceful and pious, not suited for the violent dynastic civil wars, known as the Wars of the Roses, which were to commence during his reign. His periods of insanity and his inherent benevolence eventually required his wife, Margaret of Anjou, to assume control of his kingdom, which contributed to his own downfall, the collapse of the House of Lancaster, and the rise of the House of York.

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Total reign 50 years & 147 days Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was King of England from 1327 until his death and is noted for his military success.

Restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, Edward II, Edward III went on to transform the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe.

His reign saw vital developments in legislation and government in particular the evolution of the English parliament as well as the ravages of the Black Death. He remains one of only five monarchs to have ruled England or its successor kingdoms for more than fifty years.

Edward was crowned at the age of fourteen, following the deposition of his father. When he was only seventeen years old, he led a coup against the de facto ruler of the country, his mother's consort Roger Mortimer, and began his personal reign.

After a successful campaign in Scotland in 1333, he declared himself rightful heir to the French throne in 1337, starting what would become known as the Hundred Years' War. Following some initial setbacks, the war went exceptionally well for England; the victories of Crécy and Poitiers led to the highly favourable Treaty of Brétigny. Edward's later years, however, were marked by international failure and domestic strife, largely as a result of his inactivity and bad health.

Edward III was a temperamental man, but also capable of unusual clemency.

He was in many ways a conventional king, whose main interest was warfare.

Admired in his own time and for centuries after, Edward was denounced as an irresponsible adventurer by later Whig historians such as William Stubbs.

This view has been challenged recently, and modern historiography credits him with some significant achievements.

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Total reign 48 years & 360 days William I William I, also known by the nickname Garbh, "the Rough", (c 1143 – 4 December 1214) reigned as King of the Scots from 1165 to 1214. His reign was the second longest in Scottish history before the Act of Union with England in 1707, (James VI's was the longest 1567–1625). He became King after his brother Malcolm IV's death on 9 December 1165 and was crowned on 24 December 1165.

In contrast to his deeply religious, frail brother, William was powerfully built, redheaded, and headstrong. He was an effective monarch whose reign was marred by his ill-fated attempts to regain control of Northumbria from the Normans.

Traditionally, William is credited with founding Arbroath Abbey, the site of the later Declaration of Arbroath. He was not known as "The Lion" during his own lifetime, and the title did not relate to his tenacious character or his military prowess. It was attached to him because of his flag or standard, a red lion rampant (with a forked tail) on a yellow background. This (with the addition of a 'double tressure fleury counter-fleury' border) went on to become the Royal standard of Scotland, still used today but quartered with those of England and of Ireland. It became attached to him because the chronicler Fordun called him the "Lion of Justice".

William also inherited the title of Earl of Northumbria in 1152, however, he had to give up this title to King Henry II of England in 1157. This caused trouble after William became king, since he spent a lot of effort trying to regain Northumbria. William was a key player in the Revolt of 1173–1174 against Henry II. In 1174, at the Battle of Alnwick, during a raid in support of the revolt, William recklessly charged the English troops himself, shouting, "Now we shall see which of us are good knights!" He was unhorsed and captured by Henry's troops led by Ranulf de Glanvill and taken in chains to Newcastle, then Northampton, and then transferred to Falaise in Normandy. Henry then sent an army to Scotland and occupied it. As ransom and to regain his kingdom, William had to acknowledge Henry as his feudal superior and agree to pay for the cost of the English army's occupation of Scotland by taxing the Scots.

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Total reign 44 years & 127 days Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603); was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death.

Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty.

The daughter of Henry VIII, she was born a princess, but her mother, Anne Boleyn, was executed two and a half years after her birth and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate. Her half-brother, Edward VI, bequeathed the crown to Lady Jane Grey, cutting his half-sisters out of the succession. His will was set aside, Lady Jane Grey was executed, and in 1558 Elizabeth succeeded the Catholic Mary I, during whose reign she had been imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels. Elizabeth set out to rule by good counsel, and she depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers led by William Cecil, Baron Burghley. One of her first moves as queen was the establishing of an English Protestant church, of which she became the Supreme Governor. This Elizabethan Religious Settlement later evolved into today's Church of England.

It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir so as to continue the Tudor line. She never did, despite numerous courtships. As she grew older, Elizabeth became famous for her virginity, and a cult grew up around her which was celebrated in the portraits, pageants, and literature of the day.

In government, Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been. One of her mottoes was "video et taceo" ("I see, and say nothing").

In religion she was relatively tolerant, avoiding systematic persecution. After 1570, when the pope declared her illegitimate and released her subjects from obedience to her, several conspiracies threatened her life. All plots were defeated, however, with the help of her ministers' secret service. In the mid-1580s, war with Spain could no longer be avoided, and when Spain finally decided to invade and conquer England in 1588, the defeat of the Spanish Armada associated her with what is popularly viewed as one of the greatest victories in English history.

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Total reign 41 years, & 260 days David II David II was the elder and only surviving son of Robert I of Scotland and Elizabeth de Burgh, his second wife. He was born on 5 March 1324 at Dunfermline Palace, Fife. His mother died in 1327.

In accordance with the Treaty of Northampton's terms, David was married on 17 July 1328 to Joan of the Tower, daughter of Edward II of England and Isabella of France, at Berwick-upon Tweed.

They had no issue.

David became King of Scots upon the death of his father on 7 June 1329, aged 5 years, 3 months, and 3 days. David and his Queen were crowned at Scone on 24 November 1331. During David's minority, Sir Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray was appointed Guardian of Scotland by the Act of Settlement of 1318.

After Moray's death on 20 July 1332, he was replaced by Donald Earl of Mar, elected by an assembly of the magnates of Scotland at Perth on 2 August 1332. Only ten days later Mar fell at the Battle of Dupplin Moor. Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell, who was married to Christian (or Christina), the sister of King Robert I, was chosen as the new Guardian. He was taken prisoner by the English at Roxburgh in April 1333 and was thence replaced as Guardian by Archibald Douglas (the Tyneman) who fell at Halidon Hill that July.

Meanwhile, on 24 September 1332, following the Scots' defeat at Dupplin, Edward Balliol a protégé of Edward III of England, was as a pretender to the throne of Scotland by the English and his Scots adherents. By December however, Balliol was forced to flee to England but returned the following year as part of an invasion force led by the English king. Following the victory of this force at the Battle of Halidon Hill in July 1333, David and his Queen were sent for safety into France, reaching Boulogne on 14 May 1334, and being received very graciously by King Philip VI of France. Little is known about the life of the Scottish king in France, except that Château Gaillard was given to him for a residence, and that he was present at the bloodless meeting of the English and French armies in October 1339 at Vironfosse.

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Meanwhile David's representatives had once again obtained the upper hand in Scotland, and the king was able to return to his kingdom, landing at Inverbervie in Kincardineshire on 2 June 1341, when he took the reins of government into his own hands.

Captivity in England David II, King of Scotland, acknowledges Edward III, King of England, as his feudal lord.

In 1346 under the terms of the Auld Alliance, he invaded England in the interests of the French, who were at war with the English in Normandy. After initial success at Hexham, David was wounded, and his army soundly defeated at the Battle of Neville's Cross on 17th October 1346. David was captured and taken prisoner by John Coupeland, who imprisoned him in the Tower of London. He was then transferred to Windsor Castle in Berkshire upon Edward III's return from France. Later, he and his household were moved to Odiham Castle in Hampshire. His imprisonment was not reputed a rigorous one, although he remained in England for eleven years.

On 3 October 1357, after several protracted negotiations with the Scots' regency council, a treaty was signed at Berwick-upon-Tweed under which Scotland's nobility agreed to pay 100,000 marks (to be paid at the rate of 10,000 marks per year) as a ransom for their king. This was ratified by the Scottish Parliament at Scone on 6 November 1357.

Return to Scotland David returned at once to Scotland. After a few years, owing to the poverty of the kingdom, it was found impossible to raise the ransom instalment of 1363. David then made for London and sought to get rid of the liability by offering to bequeath Scotland to Edward III or one of his sons in return for a cancellation of the ransom. David did this with the full awareness that the Scots would never accept such an arrangement.

In 1364 the Scottish parliament indignantly rejected a proposal to make Lionel Duke of Clarence the next king, but over the next few years David strung out secret negotiations with Edward III, which apparently appeased the matter. He remarried about 20 February 1364, Margaret Drummond, widow of Sir John Logie, and daughter of Sir Malcolm Drummond.

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Total reign 60 years - present Elizabeth II Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, born 21 April 1926 is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Kitts and Nevis. As Head of the Commonwealth, she is the figurehead of the 54 member Commonwealth of Nations; as the British monarch, she is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England.

Elizabeth was born in London, and educated privately at home. Her father acceded to the throne as George VI in 1936 on the abdication of his brother Edward VIII. Elizabeth began to undertake public duties during the Second World War, in which she served in the Auxiliary Territorial Service. When her father died in 1952, Elizabeth became Head of the Commonwealth and queen regnant of seven independent Commonwealth countries; the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon. Her coronation service in 1953 was the first to be televised.

During her reign of 60 years, currently the second longest for a British monarch after Queen Victoria, she became queen of 25 other Commonwealth countries as they gained independence. Between 1956 and 1992, half of her realms, including South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), became republics.

Her Silver and Golden Jubilees were in 1977 and 2002; her Diamond Jubilee on 5th June 2012 is now being celebrated.

In 1947, she married Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, with whom she has four children: Charles, Anne, Andrew, and Edward. In 1992, which Elizabeth termed her annus horribilis ("horrible year"), Charles and Andrew separated from their wives, Anne divorced, and a severe fire destroyed part of Windsor Castle. Revelations continued on the state of Charles' marriage to Diana, Princess of Wales, and they divorced in 1996.

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Elizabeth was the first child of Prince Albert, Duke of York (who later became King George VI), and his wife, Elizabeth. Her father was the second son of George V and Queen Mary, and her mother was the youngest daughter of Scottish aristocrat Claude Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne.

She was born by Caesarean section at 2.40 am (GMT) on 21 April 1926 at her maternal grandfather's London house, 17 Bruton Street, Mayfair. The Anglican Archbishop of York, Cosmo Lang, baptised her in the private chapel of Buckingham Palace on 29 May. She was named Elizabeth after her mother, Alexandra after George V's mother, who had died six months earlier, and Mary after her paternal grandmother. Her close family called her "Lilibet".

George V cherished his granddaughter, and during his serious illness in 1929 her regular visits were credited in the popular press and by later biographers with raising his spirits and aiding his recovery.

Elizabeth's only sibling was Princess Margaret, born in 1930. The two princesses were educated at home under the supervision of their mother and their governess, Marion Crawford, who was casually known as "Crawfie".

Lessons concentrated on history, language, literature and music. To the dismay of the royal family, Crawford later published a biography of Elizabeth and Margaret's childhood years entitled The Little Princesses. The book describes Elizabeth's love of horses and dogs, her orderliness, and her attitude of responsibility. Others echoed such observations: Winston Churchill described Elizabeth when she was two as "a character. She has an air of authority and reflectiveness astonishing in an infant." Her cousin Margaret Rhodes described her as "a jolly little girl, but fundamentally sensible and well-behaved".

As a granddaughter of the monarch in the male line, Elizabeth's full style at birth was Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth of York. She was third in the line of succession to the throne, behind her uncle, Edward, Prince of Wales, and her father. Although her birth generated public interest, she was not expected to become queen, as the Prince of Wales was still young, and many assumed he would marry and have children of his own.

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In 1936, when her grandfather, the King, died and her uncle Edward succeeded, she became second in line to the throne after her father. Later that year, Edward abdicated after his proposed marriage to divorced socialite Wallis Simpson provoked a constitutional crisis. Elizabeth's father became king, and she became heiress presumptive, with the style Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth.

Elizabeth received private tuition in constitutional history from Henry Marten, Vice-Provost of Eton College, and learned French from a succession of native-speaking governesses. A Girl Guides company, the 1st Buckingham Palace Company, was formed specifically so she could socialise with girls her own age. Later she was enrolled as a Sea Ranger.

In 1939, Elizabeth's parents toured Canada and visited the United States.

As in 1927, when her parents had toured Australia and New Zealand, Elizabeth remained in Britain as the King thought her too young to undertake public tours. Elizabeth "looked tearful" as her parents departed. They corresponded regularly and on 18 May she and her parents made the first royal transatlantic telephone call.

From September 1939, with the outbreak of the Second World War, Elizabeth and her younger sister, Margaret, stayed at Balmoral Castle, Scotland, until Christmas 1939, when they moved to Sandringham House, Norfolk. From February to May 1940, they lived at Royal Lodge, Windsor, until moving to Windsor Castle, where they stayed for most of the next five years. The suggestion by senior politician Lord Hailsham that the two princesses should be evacuated to Canada was rejected by Elizabeth's mother; she declared, "the children won't go without me. I won't leave without the King, and the King will never leave."

At Windsor, the princesses staged pantomimes at Christmas in aid of the Queen's Wool Fund, which bought yarn to knit into military garments. In 1940, the 14-year-old Elizabeth made her first radio broadcast during the BBC's Children's Hour, addressing other children who had been evacuated from the cities. She stated: “we are trying to do all we can to help our gallant sailors, soldiers and airmen, and we are trying, too, to bear our share of the danger and sadness of war. We know, every one of us, that in the end all will be well.�

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In 1943, at age 16, Elizabeth undertook her first solo public appearance on a visit to the Grenadier Guards, of which she had been appointed as Colonel-in-Chief the previous year. As she approached her 18th birthday, the law was changed so that she could act as one of five Counsellors of State in the event of her father's incapacity or absence abroad, such as his visit to Italy in July 1944.

In February 1945, she joined the Women's Auxiliary Territorial Service, as an honorary Second Subaltern with the service number of 230873. She trained as a driver and mechanic, and was promoted to honorary Junior Commander five months later.

At the end of the war in Europe, on Victory in Europe Day, Elizabeth and her sister mingled anonymously with the celebratory crowds in the streets of London. She later said in a rare interview, "we asked my parents if we could go out and see for ourselves. I remember we were terrified of being recognised ... I remember lines of unknown people linking arms and walking down Whitehall, all of us just swept along on a tide of happiness and relief."

Two years later, the princess made her first overseas tour, when she accompanied her parents to Southern Africa. During the tour, in a broadcast to the British Commonwealth on her 21st birthday, she pledged: "I declare before you all that my whole life, whether it be long or short, shall be devoted to your service and the service of our great imperial family to which we all belong."

Elizabeth met her future husband, Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, in 1934 and 1937. After another meeting at the Royal Naval College in Dartmouth in July 1939, Elizabeth – though only 13 years old – fell in love with Philip, and they began to exchange letters. On 20 November 1947 they were married at Westminster Abbey. They are second cousins once removed through King Christian IX of Denmark and third cousins through Queen Victoria.

Before the marriage, Philip renounced his Greek and Danish titles, converted from Greek Orthodoxy to Anglicanism, and adopted the style Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten, taking the surname of his mother's British family. Just before the wedding, he was created Duke of Edinburgh and granted the style of His Royal Highness.

(Historical reference Wikipedia)

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The Queen and her family 2012 Total reign 60 years - present HM The Queen

Elizabeth II

HRH The Duke of Edinburgh

Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, born 21 April 1926 is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states the Commonwealth realms: ● known HRHasThe Prince of Wales the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, HRHGrenada, The Duchess Cornwall the ● Bahamas, Papuaof New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Saint Vincent and Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, ● Lucia, HRH The Duke ofthe Cambridge and●SaintHRH Kitts The and Duchess Nevis. As of the Commonwealth, she is the ofHead Cambridge figurehead of the 54 member Commonwealth of Nations; as the British ● HRH HarryGovernor of Wales monarch, she isPrince the Supreme of the Church of England.

●

HRH The Duke of York

Elizabeth was born in London, and educated privately at home. Her father ● HRH Princess Beatrice of York acceded to the throne as George VI in 1936 on the abdication of his brother ● VIII. HRH Princess Eugenie of Yorkpublic duties during the Second Edward Elizabeth began to undertake World War, in which she served in the ● HRH The Earl of Wessex Auxiliary Territorial Service. When her father died in 1952, Elizabeth became Head of the Commonwealth and ● regnant HRH of The Countess of Wessex queen seven independent Commonwealth countries; the United ● Viscount Kingdom, Canada, Severn Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon. coronation service in 1953 was the first to be televised. ● Her Lady Louise Windsor

● her HRH The During reign of Princess 60 years, Royal currently the second longest for a British ● HRH The Duke ofshe Gloucester monarch after Queen Victoria, became queen of 25 other Commonwealth countries as they gained independence.

Between 1956 and 1992, half of ● HRH The Duchess of Gloucester her realms, including South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon (renamed Sri ● became HRH The Duke of Kent Lanka), republics. ●

HRH Princess Michael of Kent

Her ●SilverHRH and Golden Jubilees were celebrated in 1977 and 2002; planning Princess Alexandra for her Diamond Jubilee in 2012 is underway.

In 1947, she married Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, with whom she has four children: Charles, Anne, Andrew, and Edward. In 1992, which Elizabeth termed her annus horribilis ("horrible year"), Charles and Andrew separated from their wives, Anne divorced, and a severe fire destroyed part of Windsor Castle. Revelations continued on the state of Charles' marriage to Diana, Princess of Wales, and they divorced in 1996.

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St Andrew's Church Thelveton

Flower Festival with an Olympic theme Friday 20th, Saturday 21st, Sunday 22nd July - "Games

We Play"

10am - 4pm with light refreshments available.

On the Saturday afternoon from 2pm - 4pm there will be a special event for youngsters who can compete in various games and activities.

Certificates and small rewards available for the winners.

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email : lindsay@lindsayflaxmer.com

Summer Summer Offer valid until 31/08/2012

Summer

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t

by Chris Earl

Just now we are hearing a lot about London 2012, but what do we know of the origins and history of The Games?

According to legend, the ancient Olympic Games were founded by Heracles (the Roman Hercules), a son of Zeus. The first Olympic Games for which we still have written records was held in 776 BC. The games were staged in the wooded valley of Olympia in Elis. A naked runner, Coroebus (a cook from Elis), won the sole event at the 1st Olympics completing a run of approximately 192 metres making Coroebus the very first Olympic champion in history. Gradually more events were added to the games, the most the notable being 708 BC when the Pentathlon was added.

The Greek calendar was based on the Olympiad, the four-year period between games. The victors of these early games were crowned with wreaths from a sacred olive tree that grew behind the temple of Zeus.

According to tradition this tree was planted by Hercules.

The Olympic Games were held without interruptions in ancient Greece. In 146 BC, the Romans gained control of Greece and therefore of the Olympic games. In 85 BC, the Roman general Sulla plundered the sanctuary then moved the 175th Olympiad (80 BC) to Rome. Eventually the games were abolished by the Christian Byzantine Emperor Theodosius I due to their pagan connections. The ancient Olympic Games lasted for 1170 years.

Approximately 1500 years later, a young Frenchmen named Pierre de Coubertin began their revival.

Coubertin's attempt to get France interested in sports was not met with enthusiasm. Still, Coubertin persisted and in 1892 he gathered together 79 delegates from nine countries in an auditorium that was decorated by neoclassical murals and similar additional points of ambience.

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At this meeting, Coubertin spoke eloquently of the revival of the Olympic Games. This time, Coubertin aroused interest. The delegates at the conference voted unanimously for the Olympic Games and decided that Athens should be the chosen location for the revival of the Olympic Games and the planning was begun. The delegates also agreed to have Coubertin construct an international committee to organise the Games. This committee became the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

The Games were hosted in the Panathenaic stadium in Athens in 1896 and brought together 14 nations and 241 athletes who competed in 43 events.

The Greek officials and public were enthusiastic about the experience of hosting these Games. This feeling was shared by many of the athletes who even demanded that Athens be the host of the Olympic Games on a permanent basis. The IOC did not approve this request. The committee Athens Panathenaic Stadium 1896 planned that the modern Olympics would rotate internationally and as such decided to hold the second Games in Paris.

The Olympic Games held at the Paris Exposition in 1900 and the World's Fair at St. Louis in 1904 were side-shows. The Games at Paris did not have a stadium, the St. Louis Games hosted 650 athletes, but 580 were from the United States. The homogeneous nature of these celebrations was a low point for the Olympic Movement.

The 4th Modern games, the 1908 Olympics were originally planned to be held in Italy but the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius caused Italy to pull out. Many Olympic historians believe that the wily Baron de Coubertin used the eruption as a face-saving formula to disguise the fact that the Italians just could not afford to stage the Games.

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Step forward Great Britain and Baron Desborough of Taplow, a keen sportsman and Chairman of the MCC and the Lawn Tennis Association and a great organiser.

He found a site next to the 140 acre Franco-British Exhibition in Shepherds Bush and persuaded the government to spend £60,000 in engaging master builder George Wimpey to erect a stadium large enough to accommodate 130,000 people. The stadium was constructed mainly of concrete and drew severe criticism from architects and was nicknamed “the White City” - not the first time a disrespectful title became an official title!

The White City Stadium Shepherds Bush London 1908

Unlike previous Olympics, it had been decided that athletes would compete in national teams rather than as individuals. This led to political trouble which has endured throughout Olympic history. In 1908 the Swedes and Americans complained that their flags were not flown. The Swedes stormed out of the stadium and the Americans refused to dip their flag to the Royal box. On average the Americans lodged one official protest a day, from the too-long running shorts to the ban on having coaches on the field.

Team manager James E Sullivan, an irascible Irish-American, became a hate figure in British newspapers, while US periodicals decried "unfair" and "snobbish" British refereeing. In 1908, as at all previous Games, the officials came from the host nation.

The 1908 OLYMPICS Facts The Games went on and on for 6 months from 27th April until 31st October.

There were over 100 events and more than 2000 competitors of which 1,971 were men and 37 women. All medals were awarded in one day in a mass ceremony. Britain won 56 gold medals. The Olympics made a profit of £21,377

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Following the success of London 1908, Baron Coubertin looked ahead. He wrote the Olympic charter, the Olympic motto (Swifter, Higher, Stronger) and designed the five ring Olympic symbol and wrote the Olympic anthem.

In 1912, Stockholm hosted a successful games. The Swedes introduced the modern Pentathlon and it was no surprise that they dominated the event.

However, who should be in 5th place but future American General, George S. Patton.

In Wrestling, the light heavyweight final between a Swede Anders Ahlgren, and a Finn Ivar Bohling, lasted nine hours. Since neither had gained an advantage over the other, no gold medal was awarded. Each received a silver medal. Stockholm was the last Olympics where solid gold medals were awarded.

In 1924 the Olympics returned to Paris.

The 1928 event was held in Amsterdam and in 1932, Los Angeles hosted the games. 1936 was perhaps the most infamous Olympics, hosted by Nazi Germany in a new Olympiastadion in Berlin. Dictator Adolf Hitler and his Nazi followers felt sure that the Olympics would be the ideal venue to demonstrate Germany's oft-stated racial superiority. He directed that $25 million be spent on the finest facilities, the cleanest streets and the temporary withdrawal of all outward signs of the state-run anti-Jewish campaign. By Berlin Stadium 1936 the time that over 4,00 athletes from 49 countries had arrived for the Games, the stage was set. Then Jesse Owens, a black sharecropper's son from Alabama, stole the show, winning four gold medals. The fact that four other American blacks also won did little to please Herr Hitler, but the applause from the German crowds, especially for Owens, was thunderous. Perhaps as a portent of what was to follow the Nazi dream of a German super race was dashed with only 5 gold medals awarded.

The next Olympic games were held in 1948 at London and known as the Austerity Games; we will look at these games in our next edition.

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We are open Monday to Friday 9.15 - 1215. Our fees are £7 per session. The term after your child’s 3rd birthday qualifies for government funding for 15 hours a week, so that means it will be FREE. All children are welcome between the ages of 2 years 6 months and 5 years of age, even if they are not yet potty trained. They have a snack time in which we offer a selection of fruit and vegetables and a glass of milk. Water is readily available to them throughout the session.

We have three members of staff who will be willing to answer any questions you may have, so please feel free to contact us by phone or text and request our prospectus. All we need is your address and we will pop a prospectus through your door, or if you prefer, pop in and see us to have a look round and see how we run.

TELEPHONE NO. 07925 093551

Kim Charles writes.........................

When I was offered a job working in the village shop by Siobhan Howard, little did I know that I would be there for fourteen years! A part time position then became more permanent when the Post Office was transferred to the shop, and Liz asked me to run it for her. When Liz left the business to go back home to Ireland, the job and the shop became much more permanent!!

I have enjoyed my time working in Scole Village Stores, meeting all the customers and watching many children grow. (I must be getting old as some of the babies, as they were when I first knew them, are now at High school). But as my own ‘baby’ now has two children of her own, I have made the decision to retire from the shop to look after my grandchildren and also to let my husband Pete have a rest from helping with the mammoth task of running a business as well as working himself (yes, I know I only let him out to meet the customers at weekends but that was because he did my accounts each night and needed a treat.)

I would like to thank everyone who has supported the shop and Post Office over the years.

I’m only sorry that we were unable to save our Post Office but at least we tried. I have enjoyed meeting and chatting with you all over the years and I hope you will continue to support your village shop as without your custom there will not be a village shop.

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Scole Mothers’ Union Our meetings so far this year have been in the form of a Holy Communion service in February conducted by the Rural Dean Tony Billett. In March we listened to retired Bishop David Gillett who after being a non-believer eventually ended his career by becoming a Bishop. After our shared lunch in April our speaker was Rev. Michael Paddison whose topic was the history of Israel and Palestine.

Furture meetings are: Suzanne Jones, M.U. Archdeaconry President at our June meeting, Margaret Adlam from Dickleburgh at our July meeting and in August we have an intended trip to Gunton to visit Trevor and Patricia.

Meetings take place in the Church every 3rd Thursday (except July which will be on the 3rd Wednesday) at 2.15pm. All are welcome to join us to listen to our speakers.

Scole Women’s Institute The subject of Pauline Baker’s talk on Thursday 7th June is “Frock Horror” and the competition is for an item of royal memorabilia. Our July meeting on the 5th is, as usual, a meeting in a member’s garden at 2.15pm. The venue has still to be decided. On Thursday 2nd August Laura Bishop will be telling us about the charity “Help For Heroes”. The competition is for a homemade get well card. At the meeting on Thursday 6th September there will be a talk by Sally Rode entitled “A search for birth parents”. The competition is for an item of childhood.

All meetings are held at 7.30pm on Thursday at “Hopefield” Norwich Road.

Non members are most welcome.

42

Scole Primary School’s Jubilee Poems ueen nited Kingdom lizabeth xcellent ever giving up xcitement oyal nspiration ealous ble uckingham Palace nergetic ruthful elping elebration oyal rganized indsor oble pecial ntelligent e ceptional remendous our Royal Highness oung at heart legant dmired espected overeign

ope for England xcellent uler

Dedicated Intellegent Amazing Majesty Open minded Noble Determined Katelyn Brown

onarch nimal lover ubilee legant afe hrone our highness

edicated nspired dmired onarch fficially the ations most ignified

Queen, Unbelievably Excellent, Elizabeth.

Noble.

Exceptional Ruler, Loyal Inspiration, Zealous, Absolutely Brilliant, Elegant Top Queen.

Happiness!

Holly Welfare

oyful Queen of the nited Kingdom est nteresting egendary ra ver!

Well done - Editor

43

Scole and District Gardening Club The Scole Community Garden again changed for Easter into the Easter Garden and with the daffodils the garden put on a good display, bringing a great deal of colour to the junction of Bungay and Norwich Road. All comments have been positive and we hope that everyone who viewed the garden feels that it is a worthwhile addition to our village. Our thanks go to Frieda and Brian Spurling who created and donated the sign.

Going forward for the next three months the club has a number of planned activities. Unusually, we are planning an event in June on Fathers Day when there will be a number of local gardens open for visitors to view. This would be a chance to visit normally closed and private gardens and see how your neighbour’s garden looks compared to your own, so it will be possible to have lunch/dinner with your dad and then walk off all those pounds and ounces which may be adding to your waistline by visiting the gardens in the village. It is also hoped to have treasure hunts for the adults and children with some prizes. Consequently, those who are not interested in gardens and plants have another reason to get out in the fresh air. We hope for good weather so that everyone can enjoy the day, the flowers and plants. More details will be forthcoming nearer the time and we will advertise the day within the village and the surrounding area.

In July we revert to our bi-monthly meeting and have a planned event with James Kay a local forester. James will give a talk on trees in our area which again should be interesting as trees are of significant value to us all, through their amenity value not only as wildlife havens but also for their stature. We do take trees for granted and only notice their value to our lives like all things when they have gone. Those of us who can remember back to the 70’s when we lost hundreds of thousands of elms will know the impact that had on the vistas in this country.

We do hope that you will join us for the Garden Open Day and should you wish to attend any of our bi-monthly meetings, please feel free to come to the Community Centre on club nights.

Tom Williamson

44

Scole Dominoes Club The Domino League season has just finished. Sadly we have no silverware from the League fixtures this year, however we had a good season overall as a club, and also an enjoyable one. We were lucky enough to have two new players join at the start of the season. They have integrated well with the rest of the team and have already proved to be an asset to us.

Although we have now finished playing during the summer months, there are practice nights intermittently throughout that time, so should anyone wish to come along for a game please call June on 740902. We welcome all new players.

Over 60s Friendship Club I am writing this report with deep sadness as we have lost Vera Alexander, our President for 33 years. She only missed two AGMs - last year because her husband was ill and this year because she was in hospital. Rev. Clements and Vera started the Over 60s in February 1979. Many years ago we did Christmas lunch for more than 70 but now we are down to 16.

Outings for this year are: July 31st to Clacton, August 14th to Cromer and August 28th to Wells and Hunstanton. There are spare seats for ÂŁ8 on all outings - departing from Reeve Close at 9.30am.

Joyce Coleman

Scole Playing Field & Community Centre We would like to pay tribute to Vera Alexander of Thorpe Parva. Vera was instrumental in her role as District Councillor for securing our grant from South Norfolk District Council in 1985 which enabled us to build our present pavilion.

She has been our Honorary President since that time. Both Peter and Vera contributed a great deal to the village and will be missed in the community.

Village Quiz Thanks to all 13 organisations that took part in the annual quiz - a most enjoyable evening that united all sections of the community. A total of ÂŁ105 was raised towards the fund that supports local lad Jake Snowling who is undergoing treatment for a brain tumour. The Social Club were victors on the night - congratulations to them. My thanks also go to Sue and Anne for keeping me up to speed with the scores and organising the raffle. Pearl.

45

Diss First Responders We have now been operational for 4 years, handling 643 calls for the East of England Ambulance Service and have also had tremendous support from the community.

We often hear of people who have waited a long time for an ambulance or say to us ‘you didn’t come when we called 999’. Well, we can only come if activated by Ambulance Control and, in defence of our colleagues in the ambulance service, they are frequently delayed at the various hospitals in our area because they cannot offload their patients to A&E - that means they are then unavailable to answer further emergency calls. Bank Holidays put extra pressure on the system as well.

More responders are needed - there are four who regularly respond, three of whom also work full time and one part-time. Although calls are mainly to Diss, we have been to Eye, Hoxne, Botesdale, Wortham, Burston, Gissing, Winfarthing, Garboldisham and Dickleburgh. We do our very best to offer cover 24/7 all year round.

In addition we are still rolling out our Heartstart courses to schools and other local organisations as well as giving talks on the work we do. Thank you for all the help and support you have given us and we look forward to seeing you at the Jubilee Celebrations.

Rachel Hillier 01379 740158

Parish Council News February, March & April Main Items discussed: Bridge Road - Anglian Water and Balfour Beatty have started some maintenance work beside the River Waveney and once completed we hope to have more news on the Nature Trail.

Billingford Windmill - a planning application to replace the sails has been put before SNC for which the PC voted unanimously in support. Other applications can be seen in PC minutes and in more detail on the SNC website.

46

Proposed pylons through the Waveney Valley - no fresh news about this.

County Cllr M. Wilby will keep us informed of any further developments.

Waste Bin - a new bin has been put in place by the War Memorial. The PC wish to thank John Redgrave and Ronald Batley for undertaking the task.

Litter - this is becoming a problem opposite the school, by the bus stop.

Offenders please take your litter home.

Refuge - the refuge outside the school has been completed at last. Concerns are still being reported to the PC about parking outside the school and near the refuge at start and finish times of the school day.

Jubilee Celebration - PC will present each child up to the age of 16 with a china mug to mark the event. If you did not put your child’s name forward, it may not be too late to claim one. Please contact Sue 01379 740837.

Police statistics - numbers of crimes in the parish has increased over the last three months.

Dog mess - this is still a problem in the parish and the PC is considering making a by-law which makes it a criminal, not a civil offence. Owners could be prosecuted. Most owners are responsible and make use of the many bins around the parish which cost in excess of £500 annually to be emptied, but for those that do not, PLEASE CLEAR UP AFTER YOUR PET. Also please note - NO DOGS ARE ALLOWED ON THE PLAYING FIELD. Trustees - PC has appointed P. Fisher, J. Foreman, R. Edwards, D. Kauffman and I. Constance to serve as Trustees of the Playing Field for the next four years.

Footpath - the stile on the footpath beside Flowerdew Meadow is in need of some repair and will probably be moved to the end of the wooden fence.

Grass cuttings and hedge trimmings should not be placed on the footpath as they become very slippery when wet.

Parish Councillors - vacancies remain, so please consider coming to a meeting to see what it’s all about. We meet on the 3rd Tuesday of the month at 7.30 in Scole School. All Welcome.

Full minutes available on Parish noticeboards, website and Scole Stores.

47

AJH Carpentry Daryl Spurling Building

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EST 1998

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Loft conversions & extensions All aspects of carpentry & building Over 25 years experience Free advice and quotes

SUFFOLK COUNTY COUNCIL APPROVED CONTRACTORS

Ariesmead Garden House Lane Rickinghall Tel: 01379 898371 Diss Fax: 01379 898798 Norfolk Mobile: 07940 530955 IP22 1EA Email: frankdaveyltd@hotmail.co.uk

Tel: 01379 677381 Mob: 07867977731

Email: carpentryajh@btinternet.com www.ajhspurlingbuilding.co.uk

Robert Cole Plumbing & Heating

Edgars Gents Hair Stylist

Plumbing & Heating Installation Oil Boiler Servicing Woodburner Services & Installations Emergency Call Out Mid Suffolk & South Norfolk Free Estimates 01379 741485

Tel: 07768 087144 Waterfields Yard, Bungay Road, Scole

Paul Edwards - Hair Stylist (Closed all day Tuesday)

rcoleplumbingservices@gmail.com

Michael Bloomfield

Electrician

Sco l e Cab s

(Elecsa registered - Part P)

Friendly & Reliable

All domestic wiring, rewires, fault finding, fuse boards, sockets, showers & lights etc.

Phone: 07590 507307

Courier Service.

Local & Long Distance.

Airports/Seaports.

Modern 4,6,& 8 Seater vehicles.

Disabled Vehicle available.

01379 741471

Home: 01379 388870 E-mail: michaelbloomfield@btinternet.com

e:scolecars@aol.com

Septic Tank Emptying & DOMESTIC DRAINS CLEARED & CLEANED. FAST, FRIENDLY, RELIABLE SERVICE. (ENVIRONMENTAL REGISTERED CARRIER)

48

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from an experienced, qualified tutor Sessions are tailored to meet individual needs and improve grades from Key Stage 2 to GCSE For an informal chat, contact Deborah Vass: 01379 642219 07979730199 deborahjvass@yahoo.com

Parish Councillors

Situated

Tel. No.

E-mail address

Graham Moore (C) Sue Redgrave (VC) Lady Rosie Mann Pearl Fisher Tom Williamson Jackie Jones Corinne Moore

Thelveton Billingford Billingford Scole Scole Thelveton Thelveton

741716 740837 740314 740753 740176 740920 741716

mooregr@btinternet.com susan.redgrave182@btinternet.com pearljoy@mypostoffice.co.uk williamsontr@aol.com thelveton@btinternet.com moorecr@btinternet.com

All parish council information is available at the following office by appointment only: Sara Campbell (Clerk), Woodthorpe Farm, Goose Green, Winfarthing, DISS. IP22 2ER Tel: 01953 861486 E-mail : clerk@scoleparish.org.uk

Mobile Library Van THELVETON & SCOLE

BILLINGFORD

2 weekly intervals on

4 weekly intervals on

Thursdays

Fridays

June 14, 28 July 12, 26 Aug 9, 23

09.55 10.15 10.35 10.50 11.15 11.35 11.50

Thelveton Ransome Avenue Reeve Close St Andrew’s Rd Robinson Road Clements Close Karen Close

Upper Street Post box 10am - 10.15 June July August

15 13 10

ADVERTISERS’ INDEX Builder

p48

Hairdresser

p36/48

Cabinet Maker

p5

Heating/Plumbing

p5/28/48

Cafe/Functions/Weddings

p23

Massage Therapist

p5

Car Sales/Servicing

p2/36

Milk Delivery

p48

Cleaning/Laundry services

p13

Paving/Driveways/Asphalt etc

p48/51

Coach Travel

p52

Pubs

p2/51

Day Nursery

p36/41

Reflexology

p28

Electrician

p48

Restaurant

p13

English Tuition Environmental Control

p48 p48

Stonemason Taxi Service

p28 p48

Financial Services Fuel Supplies

p13 p13

Tree Surgeon Undertaker

p23 p5

Village Stores

p52

Please tell our advertisers that you found them in PostHorn 49

VILLAGE DIRECTORY Group/Organisation Contact Scole Pre-School

....... Mon, Tues, Wed, Thu, Fri 9.15 - 12.15 Shirley Shiress 07925 093551

Parent/Baby/Toddler Group

....... Linda Clay 741187

Friends of Scole School

....... Helen Clark 740313

Wednesday 1.30pm - 3pm

Scole Mothers’ Union

....... Georgie O’Shaughnessy 740127

Scole Women’s Institute

....... Shirley Hall 740636

Scole Social Club

....... Pearl Fisher 740753 June Foreman 740902

Scole Domino Club

....... Peggy Stygall 740986

Over 60s Friendship Club

....... Joyce Coleman 740384

Scole & District Bowls Club

....... Robin Shortell 740053

Friday Night Youth Club

....... Sue Auckland 740325

Scole Lads FC (boys and girls)

....... Ian Logan 741586

Scole United Football Club

....... Vic Buckle 740327

First Team Manager

....... James Last 740568

Reserves Manager

....... Danny Philpot 07795 185671

Scole Parish website

....... scoleparish.org.uk

Diss First Responders

....... Rachel Hillier (Co-ordinator) 740158

OTHER USEFUL CONTACT INFORMATION Medical Emergency (out of hours) NHS Direct Norfolk Constabulary (non emergency) Gas (emergencies) Anglian Water Home Watch South Norfolk District Council Street lighting, pavements, litter Corinne Moore (Acting Clerk to PC) County Councillor (Martin Wilby) District Councillor (Jenny Wilby) Network Rail (enquiries) Borderhoppa Meadow Green Dog Rescue (Loddon) Tim Page - Scole Bridge Ranger

01603 488 488 0845 4647 0845 456 4567 0800 111 999 08457 145 145 01379 650773 01508 533 633 01379 741716

www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk www.norfolk.police.uk www.anglianwater.co.uk www.south-norfolk.gov.uk scolepc@btinternet.com

01379 741504 martin.wilby@norfolk.gov.uk 01379 741504 jwilby@s-norfolk.gov.uk 08457 484950 www.networkrail.co.uk 01379 854800 www.harleston-norfolk.gov.uk 01508 548216 www.dogrescuenorfolk.com 01379 788008

50

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Commercial builders.

Specialists in all Tarmacadam work & hot bitumen spraying, brickweave, road construction, factory maintenance &

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51

· · · · · ·

London West End Shows Mama Mia - 8th June - £65.00 Top Hat - 28th June - £62.00 Ghost - 5th July - £65.00 War Horse - 26 July & 22 Nov - £68.00 Singing in the Rain - 22 Aug - £65.00 Sweeney Todd - 15 Sept - £65.00

Price includes travel and ticket

Senior and child rates available

Also available - Cromer Pier Shows & Thursford Christmas Spectacular Contact us for a full list of our excursion programme Roswald House, Oak Drive, Diss, Norfolk, IP22 4GX www.simonds.co.uk Tel: 01379 647300

Scole Stores Our Team at the shop offer you a warm welcome.

Thank you for visiting us!

Things are changing , and we hope that you’ll like your new look Village Store when it’s completed!

A new makeover for 2012 will bring you.......

A greater range of great value products, with monthly special offers to help busy household budgets stretch just that little bit further!!

We really appreciate your patience while renovation proceeds, so why not pop along and take a look at our progress each week?

Thank you for your custom - we say shop local and save some money!

Our opening hours are: Monday - Friday 06:00 - 20:00 Saturday 07:00 - 20:00 Sunday 08:00 - 16:00 Bank Holidays 09:00 - 17:00