I: Country/Economy Profiles
162
Cyprus Key indicators Population (millions)..............................................................................................................1.2 GDP (US$ billions).................................................................................................................22.4 GDP per capita, PPP$..................................................................................................... 26,908.3 Income group...........................................................................................................High income Region.....................................................................................Northern Africa and Western Asia
Score (0–100) or value (hard data) Rank
Global Innovation Index (out of 142).................................. 49.3 27 Innovation Output Sub-Index...................................................................................45.6 20 Innovation Input Sub-Index......................................................................................53.1 30 Innovation Efficiency Ratio.........................................................................................0.9 43 Global Innovation Index 2012 (based on GII 2012 framework).................................47.9 28
1 Institutions.....................................................84.1 18 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3
Political environment...........................................................................82.0 20 Political stability*....................................................................................79.4 43 Government effectiveness*.............................................................80.3 18 Press freedom*.........................................................................................86.2 22
1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3
Regulatory environment...................................................................89.3 19 Regulatory quality*...............................................................................81.4 24 Rule of law*................................................................................................75.8 27 Cost of redundancy dismissal, salary weeks............................8.0 1
1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3
Business environment.........................................................................81.0 19 Ease of starting a business*.............................................................88.1 47 Ease of resolving insolvency*.........................................................75.2 23 Ease of paying taxes*...........................................................................79.7 34
2
Human capital & research...........................45.3 31
2.1 Education....................................................................................................71.9 8 l 2.1.1 Current expenditure on education, % GNI...............................6.9 13 l 2.1.2 Public expenditure/pupil, % GDP/cap......................................37.0 3 l 2.1.3 School life expectancy, years..........................................................14.0 52 2.1.4 PISA scales in reading, maths, & science...................................n/a n/a 2.1.5 Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary..........................................................9.8 22 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4
Tertiary education..................................................................................56.4 6 l Tertiary enrolment, % gross.............................................................48.3 50 Graduates in science & engineering, %...................................13.3 86 Tertiary inbound mobility, %...........................................................31.9 5 l Gross tertiary outbound enrolment, %....................................40.5 1 l
2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3
Research & development (R&D)......................................................7.6 70 Researchers, headcounts/mn pop....................................... 1,555.3 43 Gross expenditure on R&D, % GDP................................................0.5 59 QS university ranking, average score top 3*............................0.0 68
3 Infrastructure................................................38.5 46
THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2013
3.1 Information & communication technologies (ICTs).........41.2 58 3.1.1 ICT access*..................................................................................................64.6 43 3.1.2 ICT use*........................................................................................................36.3 43 3.1.3 Government’s online service*........................................................56.2 51 3.1.4 E-participation*..........................................................................................7.9 99 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4
General infrastructure..........................................................................30.8 61 Electricity output, kWh/cap...................................................... 6,725.0 31 Electricity consumption, kWh/cap....................................... 6,425.9 28 Logistics performance*......................................................................56.0 35 Gross capital formation, % GDP....................................................13.3 133
3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3
Ecological sustainability.....................................................................43.5 25 GDP/unit of energy use, 2000 PPP$/kg oil eq........................8.5 27 Environmental performance*........................................................57.2 43 ISO 14001 environmental certificates/bn PPP$ GDP.........4.5 24
4
Market sophistication..................................65.3 18
4.1 Credit..............................................................................................................84.4 6 l 4.1.1 Ease of getting credit*........................................................................68.8 51 4.1.2 Domestic credit to private sector, % GDP...........................298.4 1 l 4.1.3 Microfinance gross loans, % GDP..................................................n/a n/a
4.2 Investment.................................................................................................33.0 41 4.2.1 Ease of protecting investors*..........................................................64.8 37 4.2.2 Market capitalization, % GDP.........................................................11.6 90 4.2.3 Total value of stocks traded, % GDP..............................................2.0 63 4.2.4 Venture capital deals/tr PPP$ GDP.................................................0.1 17 l 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3
Trade & competition............................................................................78.6 53 Applied tariff rate, weighted mean, %.........................................1.6 11 Non-agricultural mkt access weighted tariff, %.....................2.3 102 Intensity of local competition†.....................................................69.1 43
5
Business sophistication...............................32.1 66
5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 5.1.5 5.1.6
Knowledge workers..............................................................................36.3 101 Knowledge-intensive employment, %.....................................16.3 80 Firms offering formal training, % firms.......................................n/a n/a R&D performed by business, % GDP............................................0.1 58 R&D financed by business, %.........................................................15.7 67 GMAT mean score...............................................................................518.9 58 GMAT test takers/mn pop. 20–34.............................................220.4 27
5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5
Innovation linkages..............................................................................37.5 37 University/industry research collaboration†.........................45.1 61 State of cluster development†......................................................51.3 40 R&D financed by abroad, %.............................................................12.1 32 JV–strategic alliance deals/tr PPP$ GDP.....................................0.1 24 Patent families filed in 3+ offices/bn PPP$ GDP...................0.8 24
5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4
Knowledge absorption.......................................................................22.7 92 Royalty & license fees payments, % service imports..........1.2 75 High-tech imports less re-imports, %..........................................7.7 72 Comm., computer & info. services imports, %........................3.9 71 FDI net inflows, % GDP..........................................................................4.4 52
6
Knowledge & technology outputs............37.5 27
6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.4 6.1.5
Knowledge creation.............................................................................26.7 35 Domestic resident patent ap/bn PPP$ GDP............................2.1 52 PCT resident patent ap/bn PPP$ GDP.........................................2.0 23 Domestic res utility model ap/bn PPP$ GDP.........................n/a n/a Scientific & technical articles/bn PPP$ GDP..........................36.6 21 Citable documents H index.............................................................79.0 73
6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5
Knowledge impact................................................................................56.3 5 l Growth rate of PPP$ GDP/worker, %............................................1.3 79 New businesses/th pop. 15–64.....................................................24.7 1 l Computer software spending, % GDP........................................n/a n/a ISO 9001 quality certificates/bn PPP$ GDP...........................31.3 12 l High- & medium-high-tech manufactures, %.....................12.4 67
6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4
Knowledge diffusion............................................................................24.0 82 Royalty & license fees receipts, % service exports...............0.0 104 High-tech exports less re-exports, %........................................12.9 20 Comm., computer & info. services exports, %........................1.4 131 FDI net outflows, % GDP......................................................................3.5 20
7
Creative outputs...........................................53.7 16 l
7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4
Intangible assets.....................................................................................61.1 8 l Domestic res trademark reg/bn PPP$ GDP...........................60.7 27 Madrid trademark registrations/bn PPP$ GDP.......................7.7 1 l ICT & business model creation†...................................................58.5 63 ICT & organizational model creation†.......................................52.0 72
7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2.4 7.2.5
Creative goods & services.................................................................35.1 66 Audio-visual & related services exports, %...............................0.1 52 National feature films/mn pop. 15–69........................................3.6 43 Paid-for dailies, circulation, % pop. 15–69..............................12.4 47 Printing & publishing manufactures, %......................................3.1 17 Creative goods exports, %...................................................................0.4 73
7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4
Online creativity......................................................................................57.4 23 Generic top-level domains (TLDs)/th pop. 15–69.............85.8 10 l Country-code TLDs/th pop. 15–69.............................................37.7 50 Wikipedia monthly edits/mn pop. 15–69........................ 4,444.4 33 Video uploads on YouTube/pop. 15–69..................................80.4 36
Note: l indicates a strength; a weakness; * an index; † a survey question.