Ew2 wwf2012 presentationafd

Guidelines for water reuse planning and project development in the Mediterranean region

Condom, N.-Plan Bleu-Ecofilae Rotbard, A. -AFD March, 2012, 13

Study framework Objectives Typologies (indicators) for the Reuse projects ?

Bottlenecks and solutions?

Operational guidelines for project analysis and planning

Approach from field experiences : synthesis of recent numerous studies (EIB, AFD, WB, Plan Bleu, EUWI, FAO, WHO, Bibliography) a multidisciplinary approach combining waste water treatment, environmental and health risk assessment, economics, irrigation science and agronomy. a multi-scale approach : local, national and regional a analytical approach : indicators (technical, economics, ‌) to describe and evaluate an operational approach : checklist for the stakeholders

Limitations Non exhaustive From distance on the basis on existing reports Focused on domestic treated wastewater reuse by irrigation

Bottleneck & Assets Main bottlenecks High degree of complexity (water management, agronomy, environment, health) ->low understanding level, low coordination level none/unsuitable regulations to the local context (West Bank, Syria) Competition : conventional/non conventional water sources (Morocco, Syria : irrigation) Matching the demand with the offer is difficult (time, space) (Tunisia, toursitic zones) Traditional ‘top-down approach’ : WW treatment system unsuitable Risk of soil salinization and groundwater contamination (Tunisia, Israel) Lack of monitoring, control and reliable analytical facilities Unsuitable water price setting (subsidies) Lack of knowledge and skills (Morocco) Public perception (France)

Main assets Coordinated and multi-disciplinary approach (Israel, Spain, Tunisia) ‘Bottom-up approach’ : integration of the final uses in the design TWWR as a part of the Integrated Water Resource Management

A go/no go approach for project’s planning 1- To clarify the situation No GO

The drivers, the context and the objectives distincly identified?

2- To assess water resources/demand No GO GO

GO

Data collection

No GO

GO

Database (past/present/ +30 yrs)

No GO

Any demand for TWW? Can we match demand with offer ?

3- To establish the scenarii Is the TWW reuse the best option?

Among the TWW reuse options, which one is the best?

4- To assess the project’s viability Financially viable ?

Risks under control?

5- Pre-feasibility study

GO

No GO

Facilities requirement clearly identified?

6- To plan the project GO

Consultation with the stakeholders

TWWR accepted?

Step 1 : Drivers & Context

Drivers water scarcity/water quality depletion/epidemic disease/irrigated agriculture devt./demography/urbanization/Tourism/..

Context Socio : perception, information level, culture Eco : type of economy,GDP, lobbies Politics and regulations Physics : hydrology, climate Facilities : WW treatment, irrigation Water and crop management

Step 1 (cont.): Objectives of the sponsor/partners To improve sanitary, environmental and social conditions A new resource To securize food production (irrigated agriculture) To improve the WW treatment efficiency To valorize nutrients, to refill the aquifers, to limit saline intrusion, to maintain wetlands,

To anticipate the future trends Climate and demographic changes To develop new applications for TWWR (recycling grey water, potable)

To enhance the economical efficiency and development TWWR less costly than desalinization Water selling to private stakeholders Coordinated development of industrial, urban, recreational and touristic activities

To be involved in a positive and sustainable strategy

Steps 3&4 : Private , social Cost benefits analysis Private Cost benefits analysis: profitability?

- Investment, operational and maintenance costs + Revenues from TWW, fertilizer savings, increase in water supply reliability Frequently taken into account

Social Cost benefits analysis: social usefulness Externalities: environment, social, health Not taken into account in most of the cases (not documented)

Scenarii comparison Comparison to the background scenario (25 years) Planned reuse vs unplanned reuse or Planned reuse vs WW treatment with no reuse or Planned reuse all uses vs planned reuse by irrigation Does the project increase/lower risks ? social, environment, agriculture, health, tourism

To go forward…

To use a holistic (eco, techno, socio..) and « bottom-up » approach To Identify the best WW treatment options considering : the water reuse application the stream separation the co-product management

To include the agrosystem as a part of the WW treatment track (If possible) to change crop and irrigation practices

To implement procedures for risk’s control To promote the user awarness : to explain, to train to increase the skill levels of the stakeholders to change public perception and acceptance

Study : available soon on : www.planbleu.org Condom N., Lefebvre M., Vandome L. (2012). La réutilisation des eaux usées traitées en Méditerranée : retour d’expériences et aide à l’élaboration de projets. Plan Bleu, Valbonne. (Les Cahiers du Plan Bleu 11). 63 p.

ISBN : 978-2-912081-30-8

Any further information : nicolas.condom@ecofilae.fr

2012/03/15- Aix en Provence - IRSTEA's scientific and technical day on irrigation technology

MERCI / THANK YOU

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