Building Science & Services Final Integrated Project

BLD62304 BUILDING SCIENCE & SERVICES (MARCH 2022)

FINAL PROJECT: DESIGN OF BUILDING SERVICES (IADIII INTEGRATED)

LECTURER: MS. SHARON

NAME: VALERIE POH JUN YEE ID NO. : 0339510

1(a) SITE SELECTION & QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF INCORPORATED SERVICE

1. 1 SITE PLAN

A1.1 COLOURED PERSPECTIVE VIEW

(a). Reception Area

When you first enter the building, the reception area is located on the left side. This space's main function is to greet visitors and arrange bookings/reservations for the visitor who wants to rent their slots in either the sewing station or wood-working station.

The type of lighting used in the reception area is direct lighting and it's kind of similar to suspended luminaire lighting but with a translucent layer underneath to avoid glare or reflected glare as it might cause some discomfort to the receptionist’s eyes. The bulbs used are also towards a warmer tone because it is perfect for long term use such as studying or relaxing especially since there is also a waiting seating area nearby the reception counter.

The VAC is used to circulate cold air within the space since the ceilings are quite high up.

(b). Sewing Tools Station

Located in the left wing of the plan is the sewing station and it comes with this little tool station where all the fabrics material, tools and more are kept so visitors would usually come here to get some tools and materials.

Lightings used in this space are both direct and indirect. As can be seen in the picture, I used cove lighting around the ceiling but with a cool tone bulb. Reason being that this space is used to display items as well as a storage so it will be more practical to use cool tone lighting as it helps in finding or highlighting items. In addition, the reason for using cove lighting is because the light will be reflected onto the wall which makes the ceiling look taller as the ceiling is quite low in this space. Next, as for the direct lighting which is also a decorative lighting type is used as a decoration purpose to create shape and silhouettes since there are some other shelving compartments and fabrics hanging soit really helps in preventing visitors bumping into each other.

As for the VAC, I intend to have only one centralized air-conditioning install since visitors would come and go so it is not a priority to have this space cool.

(c). Sewing Station

Located further outside from the sewing tools station is the actual sewing station where visitors would rent and have their upcycling work done in this space.

There is not much lighting needed in this space especially in daylight as the walls are semi see through with glass material as well as timber cladding on it. The studio is able to save electricity with the use of natural light and also creates a bright and natural atmosphere to the space. With the help of the timber cladding, it is able to block out some extra sunlight which might cause heat gain to the space.

There will be multiple air-conditioning installed in this space as this space has quite a tall ceiling. This will ensure the space is well ventilated and conditioned to ensure cool air flow throughout the day.

(d). Toilet/Restroom

This is the semi-open air toilet which is located on both sides of the 2 craft making stations, sewing station and wood-working stations.

The reason to have the toilets semi-open is to make sure the air in the toilet is well ventilated especially when it comes to having an enclosed and air-conditioned space. Right outside of these toilets on both sides are the tools station, where visitors would often come and go to have their tools as well as material retrieved. It might be a little overwhelming to the space, especially bad smells traveling into it if I were to have the toilet design enclosed.

At least making it semi-open would constantly ventilate the space and also let in natural sunlight which also helps to save more electricity during daylight.

(e). Wood-working Tools Station

Located in the right wing of the plan is the wood-working tools station where all the wood crafting tools are placed. Some of the basic tools such as hammer, screwdriver and more are provided so the users wouldn't be in a hassle to carry heavy tools.

Lightings used in this space are both direct and indirect as well. Indirect lighting is installed behind the tools rack panels as well as at other corners of the space this is to somewhat highlight the tools racksl to the users for easier locating. As for direct lighting, it will be installed on the ceiling as recessed light with cool tone lighting to ensure users are able to see properly especially when dealing with dangerous machines.

As for the VAC, I also intend to have only one centralized air-conditioning installed since the majority of these spaces are just for storage purposes and will not need much cooling.

(f).

Wood-working Station

Located further outside from the wood-working tools station is the wood-working station where most users would come to do upcycling work or activities. For example, if you have a favorite broken chair but one of the legs is broken, users can find a random chair leg piece from the “junkyard” section to mix and match with the existing broken chair which will eventually make it a unique piece.

Same goes for this space, there is not much lighting needed in daylight since most of the natural lighting is able to shine into the space. However, LED shop lights will still be installed on the ceiling to prepare for the worst case scenario which is a bad gloomy day or for night time use or even for better concentration. Above the big table area that can be seen in the image, there are some hanging pendant lights with cool tone lighting. This is to help users be able to work on little details during their crafting session, but when not in use the lights are usually off to save the electricity and to prevent the light from shining into anyone’s eyes as it can be quite sensitive to the eyes.

Estimated around 2-3 air-conditioning to be installed in this space as this space might have machines and big objects blocking certain areas to ensure the wood-working area is well ventilated.

1(b) DESIGNING & JUSTIFICATION OF BUILDING SERVICES SELECTION & LOCATION

B1.1 BUILDING SERVICES DESIGN JUSTIFICATION

(a). Light Design Justifications Items

Descriptions

L-1

LED Shop Light

Illuminance (lx, lumen/m²)

Dimensions (mm)

Qty 8

750-1000

1060 (L) x 1060 (W)

L-2

Modern Ceiling Light

8

500

L-3

950 (L) x 140 (D)

Recessed Ceiling Light

46

500

490 (L), 110 (D)

L-4

RS PRO 18 w LED Batten Light

13

100-150

L-5

600 (L) x 75 (W) x 23.7 (D)

Bloom Hanging Light

2

Suspension system min. : 520 Diameter of big bulbs: 200 50-100

Diameter of small bulb: 140

L-6

Philips Hue White Ambiance Adore LED

10

Ceiling Light with Dimmer

Diameter: 407 100-150

L-7

Depth: 60

LED Hanging Spotlight Lamp

2

200-350

600 (L) x 140 (D)

L-8

Organic KS Pendant Light

1

100-150

1190 (W) x 198 (H) x 835 (D)

(b). VAC Design Justifications

Items

Descriptions

V-1

Hisense AUC25QFGS 2.5HP R32 Ceiling Cassette Air Conditioner

Dimensions

840 (W) x 236 (H) x 840 (D)

Qty

A/C Sizing Calculations:

Steps

Directions

1

Calculate the area in square feet of space to be cooled then multiply it by 31.25.

Area BTU = [Length (ft.) x Width (ft.)] x 31.25

Area A BTU = (29.0 x 66.77)ft x 31.25 = 1936.33ft x 31.25 = 60,510 BTU

Area B BTU = (Entire B area - Non air-conditioned areas = Area B) x 31.25 = [(124.60x 85.22) - (25.26 x 8.45) - (28.13 x 8.0) - (28.13 x 8.0)] x31.25 = (10,618.41 - 213.45 - 225.04 - 225.04) x 31.25 = 9954.88 x 31.25 = 311, 090 BTU

2

Calculate heat gain through windows

Window Panel A BTU = [Window BTU x 1.4 (no shading)] = [(3.6 x 5.24)m² x 31.25] x 1.4 = (18.86m² x 31.25)BTU x 1.4 = 589BTU x 1.4 = 824.60 BTU x 4 = 3298.4 BTU

Storefront glass door B BTU = [Storefront glass door B BTU x 1.4 (no shading)] = [(3.6 x 3.75)m² x 31.25] x 1.4 = (13.50m² x 31.25) x 1.4 = 421.88 BTU x 1.4 = 591 BTU

C1 South panel window BTU = [ Area C1 South panel window x 868 (with shading)] = (26.83 x 4.543)m² x 868

= 122m² x 868 = 105, 896 BTU

C2 North panel window BTU = [ Area C1 North panel window x 164 (with shading)] =

(26.83 x 4.543)m² x 164

= 122m² x 164 = 20, 008 BTU

Total Window BTU in Area A = (3298.4 + 591) BTU = 3889.4 BTU

Total Window BTU in Area B = (105, 896 + 20, 008) BTU = 125, 904 BTU

3

Calculate heat generated by occupants, 600 BTU per person Occupant BTU = Number of people x 600

Area A Occupant BTU = 20 x 600 = 12, 000 BTU Area B Occupant BTU = 90 x 600 = 54, 000 BTU

4

Calculate heat generated by each item of machinery Equipment BTU = Total Equipment Watts x 3.4

Equipment BTU in Area A Desktop Computer = 70-250W x 3.4 = 171W (average consumption) x 3.4 = 581.4 BTU x 2 (total amount of desktop computer) = 1162.80 BTU

Equipment BTU in Area B Sewing Machine = 100W x 3.4 = 340 BTU x 14 (total amount of sewing machines) = 4760 BTU

Table Wood Saw = 1800W x 3.4 = 6120 BTU

Table Drilling Machine = 750W x 3.4 = 2550 BTU x 2 (total amount of table drilling machines) = 5100 BTU

Total Equipment BTU in Area B = (4760 + 6120 + 5100) BTU = 15, 980 BTU

5

Calculate heat generated by lighting Lighting BTU =Total Lighting Watts x 4.25

Lighting BTU in Area A Organic KS Pendant Light = 92W x 4.25 = 391 BTU LED Ceiling Light = 72W x 4.25 = 306 BTU x 8 (total unit of lights) = 2448 BTU

Total Lighting BTU in Area A = (391 + 2448) BTU = 2839 BTU

Lighting BTU in Area B LED Shop Light = 40W x 4.25 = 170 BTU x 8 (total unit of lights) = 1360 BTU Modern Ceiling Light = 60W x 4.25 = 255W x 8 (total unit of lights) = 2040 BTU LED Ceiling Light = 72W x 4.25 = 306 BTU x 38 (total unit of lights) = 11628 BTU

RS PRO LED Batten Light = 18W x 4.25 = 76.5 x 13 (total unit of lights) = 994.5 BTU Bloom Hanging Light = [Big bulb: 60W x 2 (total unit of lights)] x 4.25 = 120 W x 4.25 = 510 BTU = [Small bulb: 40W x2 (total unit of lights) x 4.25 = 80W x 4.25 =340 BTU = (510 + 340) BTU =850 BTU LED Hanging Spotlight Lamp = 15W x 4.25 = 63.75 BTU x 2 (total unit of lights) = 127.5 BTU

Total Lighting BTU in Area B = (1360 + 2040 + 11628 + 994.5 + 850 +127.5)BTU = 17, 000 BTU

6

Add all of the total calculations above to find total heat load Total Heat Load BTU = Area BTU + Total Window BTU + Occupant BTU + Equipment BTU + Lighting BTU

Total Heat Load BTU in Area A = (60, 510 + 3889.4 + 12,000 + 1162.80 + 2839)BTU = 80, 401.20 BTU

Total Heat Load BTU in Area B = (311, 090 + 125, 904 + 54, 000 + 15,980 + 17, 000) BTU = 523, 974 BTU

7

Divide total heat load by cooling the cooling capacity of the air-conditioning unit in BTU, this is to determine how many air-conditioners are needed in a space.

Number of A/C Units Required = Total Heat Load BTU ÷ Cooling Capacity BTU *Cooling Capacity = Area of space to be cooled (ft²) x 25 Simply multiply the length and width of the area to be cooled. Then, multiply the area with 25 BTU. It is stated that it allows ample cooling, no matter what the weather is like.

Number of A/C Units Required in Area A Cooling Capacity = 1936.33 ft² x 25 = 48, 408.25 BTU

Number of A/C Units Required = 80, 401.20 ÷ 48, 408.25 = 2 Units

Number of A/C Units Required in Area B Cooling Capacity = 9954.88 ft² x 25

=248, 872 BTU

Number of A/C Units Required = 523,974 ÷ 248, 872 = 2 units

B1.2 QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE JUSTIFICATION

Electricity (Energy) Consumption (kWh) = Power (W) x Time (Hr)

Monthly Energy Consumptions Calculations Area A Electrical Items Organic KS Pendant Light

Monthly Energy Consumptions Calculations 92 W : 0.092kW Hr : 5 (Estimated time 12 p.m. - 5 p.m.)

Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.092 x 5 =0.46 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =13.8 kWh/month

Recessed Ceiling Light

72 W : 0.072kW Hr : 5 (Estimated time 12 p.m. - 5 p.m.)

Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.072 x 5 = 0.36 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =10.8 kWh x 8 (total light units) = 86.4 kWh/month

Hisense Ceiling Cassette Air Conditioner

2810 W : 2.81 kWh Hr : 8 (Estimated time 9a.m.. - 8 p.m.)

Energy Consumptions (kWh) =2.81 x 8 =22.48 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =674.4 kWh x 2 (total A/C units) =1348.8 kWh/month

Total Monthly Energy Consumptions (kWh) = (13.8 + 86.4 +1348.8)kWh = 1449 kWh/month

Monthly Energy Consumptions Calculations Area B Electrical Items LED Shop Light

Monthly Energy Consumptions Calculations 40 W : 0.04kW Hr : 8 (Estimated time 9 a.m.. - 8 p.m.)

Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.04 x 8 =0.32 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =9.6kWh x 8 (total light units) =76.8 kWh/month

Modern Ceiling Light

60 W : 0.06kW Hr : 8 (Estimated time 9 a.m.. - 8 p.m.)

Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.06 x 8 =0.48 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =14.4 kWh x 8 (total light units) =115.2 kWh/month

Recessed Ceiling Light

72 W : 0.072kW Hr : 8 (Estimated time 9 a.m. - 5 p.m.)

Monthly Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.072 x 8 = 0.576 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =17.28 kWh x 38 (total light units) = 656.64 kWh/month

RS PRO LED Batten Light

18 W : 0.018 kW Hr : 8 (Estimated time 9 a.m. - 5 p.m.)

Monthly Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.018 x 8 =0.144 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =4.32 kWh x 13 (total light units) =56.16 kWh/month

Bloom Hanging Light

Big Bulb = 60 W : 0.06 kW x 2 (total light units) =0.12 kW Small Bulb = 40 W : 0.04 kW x 2 (total light units) = 0.08 kW Hr: 8 (Estimated time 9 a.m. - 5 p.m.)

Monthly Energy Consumptions (kWh) =(0.12 + 0.08) kWh x 8 =0.2 kWh x 8 =1.6 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =48 kWh x 2 (total light units) =96 kWh/month

LED Ceiling Light with Dimmer

27 W : 0.027 kW Hr : 5 (Estimated time 12 p.m. - 5 p.m.)

Monthly Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.027 x 5 =0.135 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =4.05 kWh x 10 (total light units) =40.5 kWh/month

LED Hanging Spotlight Lamp

15 W : 0.015 kW Hr : 5 (Estimated time 12 p.m. - 5 p.m.)

Monthly Energy Consumptions (kWh) =0.015 x 5 =0.075 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =2.25 kWh x 2 =4.5 kWh/month

Hisense Ceiling Cassette Air Conditioner

2810 W : 2.81 kWh Hr : 8 (Estimated time 9a.m.. - 8 p.m.)

Energy Consumptions (kWh) =2.81 x 8 =22.48 kWh x 30 (Assume 1 month = 30 days) =674.4 kWh x 6 (total A/C units) =4046.4 kWh/month

Total Monthly Energy Consumptions (kWh) = (76.8 + 115.2 + 656.64 + 56.16 + 96 + 40.5 + 4.5 + 4046.4)kWh =5092.2 kWh/month

1(c) WATER SUPPLY NETWORK & DRAINAGE OF BATHROOM

Bathroom Fixtures Design Items

Descriptions

BF-1

Johnson Suisse Toilet Basin Celico

Dimensions (mm)

Installations

Qty

430 (L) x 430 (W) x 190 (H)

Counter Top

4

Deck Mounted

4

Round

BF-2

Silver Basin Faucet

BF-3

Chrome Brass Gauge Sink Trap J Bend

190 (L) x 50 (W) x 270 (H)

BF-3

-

4

Wall Hung

10

Wall Hung High Quality WC Toilet Bowl

1(d) INTEGRATED BUILDING SERVICES IN DRAWINGS

UP

DN

P02

REFLECTED CEILING PLAN (LIGHTING) 1 : 200

UP

DN

P03

REFLECTED CEILING PLAN (VAC) 1 : 200

UP

UP

DN

P03

REXKL PIPING PLAN 1 : 200