Masterplan Concept

PART 2 | Master Plan

GOLD COAST AIRPORT Connection, Destination, Journey

Phillip Naude

28.1656° S, 153.5091° E QLD, AUSTRALIA

Cultures and climates differ all over the world, but people are the same.

They’ll gather in public if you give them a good place to do it.

- Jan Gehl

Integrated airport city model: Re-inventing Gold Coast Airport as a Destination Hub A design concept presented by Phillip Naude under the supervision of Prof Karine Dupre to The Masters of Architecture Program, in the subject of Architecture, Landscape Architecture, and Urban Planning Griffith University Gold Coast July 2018

Contents Context 04 05 06 07 08 09

The History The Context Opportunities & Risks Site Location The Concept Current Function Masterplan 10 11

The Masterplanning Journey Design Objectives Concept 12 15 17

Urban Principals Walkability Proposed Masterplan Development 18 19 20 21

Architectural Principals Initial Ideas Methodology Going Forward...

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GOLD COAST AIRPORT CITY

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G C A GOLD COAST AIRPORT The gateway to the central east coast 28.1656° S, 153.5091° E QLD, AUSTRALIA

GC AIRPORT market share in aus

intent Based on prior research, it has been identified that Gold Coast Airport is experiencing immense growth over the past decade and is projected to grow to over 16.6 million passengers per year by 2037, up from the current amount of 6 million (GCA Master Plan, 2017).

Globally, it is recognised that most airports

serve their primary function as a fulcrum for national and international travel.

Gold Coast airport is located on an immensely unique site that offers both risks and opportunities. It has been identified that Gold Coast airport has the potential to become a destination hub and this project seeks to achieve that through a carefully considered master plan concept.

01 | CONTEXT

2000

2.3% 2015

4%

2016 passengers p/a

6m

2037 projected passengers p/a

16.6m

05

OPPORTUNITIES & RISKS Risks Based Various

risks around the GC airport site pose threats to the land and the community within the area.

However, the two primary risks for concern is the current and projected noise impact that is predicted to increase and impact surrounding communities immensely as a large proportion of the area is residential.

Secondly, the proximity to the ocean results in concern for the rising sea level and erosion creeping ever nearer to the bordering land just beyond the airport fringe.

NOISE IMPACT (Aus Noise Exposure Forecast - 2047)

RESILIENCE TO SEA LEVEL (Aus Onine Coastal Information - 2100)

VIEWS

OCEAN PROXIMITY

Opportunities

“Coolangatta”

- the current location adjacent to the airport site, translates from the Aboriginal meaning to:

“PLACE OF GOOD VIEW”

As such, the proximity to the ocean and surrounding lakes offer immense views and other social opportunities that can be utilised.

Furthermore, Coolangatta and the surrounding area can benefit from redevelopment as in previous years areas like Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach has had priority.

This has helped enhance community liveability and could do the same for Coolangatta, elevating the standard and creating a more balanced relationship between the hubs on the Coast.

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SURFERS

COOLANGATTA BROADBEACH

COOLANGATTA REDEVELOPMENT

SITE LOCATION

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South East Queensland Gateway

current airport size

Brisbane

Gold Coast Airport Byron Bay

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THE GOLD COAST CONCEPT CONTEXT DRIVEN CONCEPT

The Concept

The concept was derived from multiple factors

including the sites context through analysis and experience along with Jan Gehl’s underlying masterplanning principals.

Fluidity // noun

1 of a substance able to flow easily 1.1 Smoothly elegant or graceful 1.2 Not settled or stable

Firstly, Gold Coast is unique in its setting with a linear flow of settlement along the coast. With nearly all year round sunshine and a coastal lifestyle of surf and fun, a naturally calm yet constantly moving atmosphere presents itself.

The unbounded expansion of flow just as the settlement along the

This contributed to the eventual understanding that the concept would be based around fluidity.

It is within this understanding that the concept will serve as the underlying motif for the design development.

Gold Coast occurred from the northern parts of Southport down towards Coolangatta along the coast line.

FUNCTION

CURRENT AERONAUTICAL FUNCTIONS AND SITE

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THE MASTERPLAN JOURNEY - as defined by by Jan Gehl

1

Discovery

2

Life

Vision

Programming

more than mixed use

Understanding how people and users move, spend time and enter and exit the site and surroundings

Defining a shared vision for the site and its public spaces.

Public spaces are the drivers of social interactions, local economy, connectivity, mobility and a creation of culture and memories of place.

Space public spaces at the heart

Understanding the qualities and potentials of the existing site such as the history, mobility, climate and connections Buildings consideration for the human scale

Understanding the quality of the existing built space, facades, functions and densities

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3

Execute

Delivering

and manifesting the space and program requirements sustainably and systematically.

With the aim of achieving the defined strategies and objectives whilst respecting the guidelines and risks imposed.

02 | MASTERPLAN

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

1

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Develop a user centric design built around human function as opposed to transit,

equal and flexible access for pedestrians

2 To develop a destination hub for passengers and locals

3 fluidity Reiterating the concept of fluidity symbolising the nature of the Gold Coasts lifestyle and context

Establish a link between airport and city to help revitalise Coolangatta’s hub

Through natural and fluid links, fostering stronger connection and a greater sense of community

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URBAN PRINCIPALS MACRO DESIGN STRATEGY

1

Existing Access

Developing Split Level, Dedicated Airport Drive

3

Linking Heavy And Light Rail with Airport And Coolangatta

Original

Split

Connection

Original access is linear with

Creating a separate drive for

Developing greater connection

an irregular connection to surrounding hubs with several implied boundaries from the motorway, parking and buildings.

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2

A unidirectional lane (Terminal Drive) provides access to the current terminal hosting International and Domestic Terminals for both arrivals and departures on a single level.

departures that elevates above the current arrivals drive helps mitigate traffic.

A house relocation strategy allows for penetration of a proposed road creating a pocket in front of the airport as well as opening up the corridor for uninterrupted views.

to the wider Gold Coast region through establishing light and heavy rail connections through the airport to the Coolangatta hub allowing ease of travel for passengers and locals.

03 | CONCEPT

URBAN PRINCIPALS

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MACRO DESIGN STRATEGY

Coolangatta Site

Corridor

Access

1 Providing an internal corridor that flows adjacent to coast

1 Improved access through various entry/exit points

2 Encouraging natural movement between hubs

2 Circulation around primary hub

Movement

1 Enabling direct, linear movement for ease and accessibility

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URBAN DEVELOPMENT MACRO DESIGN STRATEGY

Revitalising the Esplanade

Implementing the green belt

By revitalising the esplanade currently running along the coast line all along the Gold Coast, activity along the fringe will occur allowing for greater engagement with locals and the airport.

Next, adding a green corridor for pedestrian and cycle traffic will allow for a safer and more efficient mode of travel in the airport and surrounding zones to Coolangatta.

Pockets of retail, commercial and residential will fall along the green corridor fostering community and activity.

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WALKABILITY

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THE POSSIBILITY OF A WALKABLE CITY

How do we get people to walk?

The High Line, New York

According to Jeff Speck, city planner and urban designer, there are generally 4 criteria that need to occur simultaneously to encourage walkability.

1 2

A Reason To Walk. Providing dedicated walking areas instead of car lanes with footpaths. Ensuring for a balance of uses along the way.

A Safe Walk. Through perception and reality. Smaller block sizes means narrower streets and less implied congestion. Details matter from smaller curb size to adding greenery to slow cars down.

3

A Comfortable Walk. Through space and orientation. Achieving a ratio where the height and width is in balance where the height should always be equal or greater than the width to ensure pockets of activity rather than empty parking sites or wide roads.

4

An Interesting Walk. By providing signs of humanity. Through active ground floors and social catalysts.

An overgrown old railway became an elevated walkway for residents providing a refreshing space, economical growth and social activities through art installations and cafe’s. It has now become an attraction for locals and tourists Rio Project, Madrid

Developed over a very busy and almost unusable pedestrian space, the area was transformed creating a new neighborhood and improving the livability of the area.

Originally an area with poor livability. However, with the highways underground and independent from the walkway, an entirely new space with value is created.

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WALKABILITY

PROPOSING A GREEN CORRIDOR

Achieving Walkability As per Jeff Specks ‘holistic’ criteria for achieving walkability, a proposed green corridor will follow along the internal fringe between the ocean and the airport all the way to the Coolangatta hub.

With pockets of intervention and activity along the way, the journey is insentivised and encouraged.

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With only a 25-30 minute walk from either hub, the airport can successfully function as a destination rather than simply a facility for passengers.

PROPOSED MASTER PLAN ZONE & PROGRAM ALLOCATION

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Airport Terminal

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ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPALS MICRO DESIGN STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT

1

Elevated Program An elevated function allows uninterrupted views toward the proposed park and ocean views unique to the Gold Coast site

2

Split Level Access Split levels allow for traffic mitigation and a new dedicated terminal drive for the projected increase in passenger numbers

3

4

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Public Atrium Landside A large public atrium on landside with community intensives will encourage a destination oriented space for passengers and locals

A Fluid Form A design that encompasses the context, culture and atmosphere of the Gold Coast.

A form that locals and tourists can admire and remember as being uniquely reminiscent of the Gold Coast

04 | DEVELOPMENT

INITIAL IDEAS ARCHITECTURAL PROPOSAL

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METHODOLOGY ARCHITECTURAL PROPOSAL

Physical Modeling

Computational Modeling

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AESTHETIC PRECEDENTS ARCHITECTURAL PROPOSAL

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Moving forward...

The design development will focus on the architectural scale of the Airport Terminal with particular emphasis on:

1

Land side atrium for public and passengers

2

Facade resolution that is iconic and symbolic of the Gold Coast

3

Refining the transition between terminal and ocean

REFERENCES NOISE IMPACT (Aus Noise Exposure Forecast - 2047) RESILIENCE TO SEA LEVEL (Aus Onine Coastal Information - 2100)

GOLD COAST PLANNING SCHEME - GCCC http://www.goldcoast.qld.gov.au/ gcplanningscheme_1111/attachments/planning_ scheme_maps/overlay_maps/OM08C_AIRPORT_ NOISE_EXPOSURE/OM8c.pdf AUSTRALIAN ONLINE COASTAL INFORMATION - AUSTRALIAN GOVT http://www.ozcoasts.gov.au/climate/Map_ images/SthEastQld/mapLevel2_South.jsp

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