Spinning the Wheel, Connecting the World
CASINO
Welcome... An ugly word
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Editorial: Editor in Chief : David McKee dmckee@huntingtonpress.com
Editor EMEA: Damien Connelly damien@outsourcedigitalmedia.com
Columnist: Raymond Chan ymrchan@hotmail.com
Victor H. Royer
International Features Editor victor@outsourcedigitalmedia.com
Associate Editor EMEA: Andrew Behan a.behan@librasgroup.com
Las Vegas Correspondent: Ryan Slattery RyanSlats@gmail.com
International Correspondent: Lyudmyla Kyrychenko lyudmyla.kyrychenko@outsource digitalmedia.com
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Tariffs. They’re here, big as life and twice as ugly. The casino industry, particularly in the U.S., has taken it on the chin. The declivity in casino share prices has been exponentially greater than that of the leading stock indices (none of which has had anything about which to cheer).
Take – please take – Las Vegas Sands. It went from $38.65 on April 2 to $31.85 per share three business days after “Liberation Day” (the imposition of global tariffs). That’s a 17.5 percent loss of market capitalization as of this writing. Indeed, the whole gaming group is reeling and not in a good, progressive-jackpot kind of way.
If you’re feeling tariff-related pain, you have Sands majority owner Dr. Miriam Adelson to thank, in large part. She funneled $145 million to protectionist politicians in the 2024 election cycle. Now the policies she bankrolled have come back to bite her. She’s already lost far more than that $145 million in the form of shriveled Sands stock value.
It gets worse. The Chinese government, not surprisingly, pushed back against White House policy with retaliatory tariffs of their own. All Macaofacing casino stocks staggered, caught between trade-war fire from Beijing and Washington, D.C. By April 7, Sands was down 14 percent on the Hong Kong bourse, Wynn Resorts 13 percent and MGM Resorts International 12 percent.
Chinese-based companies weren’t spared, least of all antiquated SJM Holdings, which plunged 18 percent, followed by Melco Resorts & Entertainment (16 percent) and Galaxy Entertainment (12.5 percent). The news may have been particularly bad for Melco, already in retreat from Cyprus and Manila, looking to bounce back in Thailand … a nascent casino nation which is the subject of a fine primer in this issue.
Even though they’re doing business in an enclave that has been dubbed by the White House “a foreign adversary,” Macanese casino bosses still have cause for hope. At least their concessions, although shorter than before, have a longer shelf life than does the current regime in D.C.
Not for the first time have we discovered that gaming is a global village. Perhaps that lesson needs reinforcement. Already Las Vegas is looking with trepidation both north and south. Tourism has cratered from Mexico and Canada, two nations treated by Washington as though the were belligerents. When those ‘enemies’ represent 71 percent of Sin City’s international tourism, a serious problem has arisen.
This could all blow over. But investors in the industry are going to be much poorer before it does.
David McKee Editor
3 Editor’s Note
5 Foreword A teaching moment. By Damien Connelly
7 Guest Comment The dangers of the unregulated gambling market. By Simon Thomas, Executive Chairman, The Hippodrome Casino
8 The Beating Heart of Leicester Square Casino Life speaks with Richard Smith, venue director for Metropolitan Empire Casino. By Peter White
17 Past, Present and a Very Bright Future The evolution of Thailand’s casino industry. By Shaun McCauley
24 Spinning and Spanning the Globe Casino Life talks with Cammegh Ltd. Director Andrew Cammegh. By Damien Connelly
30 Song of India How a 1xBet affiliate conquers the Indian market 32 A Player’s Code of Conduct Some guidelines on behavior. By Al O’Grady
34 A Roll of the Dice
The evolution of craps from its ancient origins to modern innovations. By Edwin Ford
38 Showing the Flag Casino Life interviews Josephine Lee of Reed Exhibitions about Global Gaming Expo Asia 2025. By Peter White
41 London, Here We Come
The iGB L!VE show sets its sights on the British capital. By Andrew Behan
44 Up-Close and Personal The London Casino & Gaming Show lends an intimate touch to a global industry. By Lyudmyla Kyrychenko 49 Super Powers
The roles of AI and quantum technology in shaping global dominance. By Raymond Chan
Editorial Policy: The views and opinions expressed in Casino Life remain principally the views of contributors and do not necessarily reflect those of the editor or publishers.
The publishers wish to avoid inaccuracies and, whilst every precaution has been taken to ensure that information contained in this publication is accurate, no liability is accepted by the editor or publishers for errors or omissions, however caused.
Unless otherwise stated, articles appearing in this publication remain the copyright of the publishers and may not be reproduced in any form without the publisher’s written consent.
in the UK by Pensord Press.
A Teaching Moment
By Damien Connelly
Operators can learn a lot from European ones. Arguably the next phase of growth for operators in many jurisdictions is to follow the business models of big box grocery retailers. The latter reduced the size of their stores and changed their locations to more urban locales.
For casinos, European operators are experts in running successful and profitable, small-format, multi-facility properties. They are just like cruise ship operators: constrained-size properties that offer multiple entertainment and F&B options all in one location.
Another advantage of city casinos is that they offer great reasons for adult visitors to visit the neighborhoods in which they’re located. This benefits surrounding businesses, especially if they’re in the fun economy businesses, too.
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Damien Connelly
Editor EMEA
Damien Connelly, Editor EMEA
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Sports Betting Operator provides technology features, news and new product information, keeping online gambling companies up to date with the fastest growing gambling sector in the world
A highly regarded team of Internationally experienced journalists, all of whom have a wealth of knowledge in online and land-based gaming involving, legislation, e-commerce, responsible gambling along with the latest online operating systems and solutions.
A Black Hole
The dangers of the unregulated gambling market.
By Simon Thomas, Executive Chairman, The Hippodrome Casino
The regulated gambling industry has a duty — to its customers, to the public and to itself — to clearly and consistently distance itself from the unregulated sector. The line must not be blurred. It is our responsibility to ensure that everything we do meets the highest standards of compliance, player protection and social responsibility. Anything less not only damages reputations – it damages lives.
Unregulated online gambling platforms operate in the shadows. They are not taxed. They do not contribute to funding treatment and prevention. They do not adhere to the same advertising codes, the same player verification processes or the same responsible gambling frameworks that licensed UK operators must uphold.
And yet they aggressively target UK consumers – often through backdoor deals and banner adverts, some of which, until recently, appeared on otherwise respectable Web sites.
Credit must go to Peter White and the team at Casino Life for recognizing this risk and taking action to remove such advertising. It is a vital first
step. But the problem is much bigger than one Web site. The regulated sector must collectively commit to rooting this out wherever it appears. That includes refusing indirect partnerships and scrutinizing affiliate activity with far greater rigor.
Because the harm is real. When a vulnerable player clicks through to an unregulated site, there is no self-exclusion scheme. No time-outs. No stake limits. No intervention. And when something goes wrong, there’s no one to call. This is not a grey market – it’s a black hole.
We must be absolutely clear in our stance: The regulated sector must not lend credibility, audience or digital space to illegal operators. The Hippodrome, like many in the land-based sector, abides by the toughest compliance environment anywhere in the world. That should be a source of pride – and a standard we demand from anyone who wishes to do business in or with our industry. Protecting our license to operate means drawing a hard line. Because there’s only one kind of gambling we should ever promote – legal, safe and regulated.
Simon Thomas, Executive Chairman, The Hippodrome Casino
Metropolitan Empire Casino: The Beating Heart of Leicester Square
Casino Life speaks with Richard Smith, venue director for Metropolitan Empire Casino Leicester Square. By Peter White
Richard, can you provide some background to the Metropolitan Empire Casino Leicester Square?
How large is it and what facilities does it have?
Metropolitan Empire Casino Leicester Square spans over 5,000 square meters across three levels. We offer 32 gaming tables, including an Asian-themed area, a premium gaming area and the main gaming floor. Our gaming options include a wide range of slots, electronic table games and a dedicated, 80-seat poker room. In addition, we boast London’s best sports bar,
The Kings Sports Bar, showing sports from all over the world with a fantastic food-and-drink menu. Our Chinese-food concept, 7th Cat Chinese Kitchen, was developed in partnership with Chinatown restaurateur Ellen Chew, providing an authentic, casual-dining experience.
With the expectation of sports betting permitted in casinos, what impact has that had on the refurbishments and design layout of the Metropolitan Empire Casino?
We are excited about introducing sports betting at the
Empire. Kings Sports Bar is already a fantastic venue to watch a wide range of sports, and the ability to place bets on-site will only enhance the excitement and atmosphere. The timing of our refurbishment allows us to seamlessly integrate sports betting, creating an immersive experience that has not been done before in the UK.
Could you walk us through this major renovation, from below-ground upwards?
Renovating a casino of this size required a carefully phased approach to ensure we could continue
operating throughout the transformation. With three entrances and three levels, we strategically worked on specific areas while keeping the rest of the venue open. So far we have introduced a sleek, new, guestservice desk on the main gaming floor instead of the old reception area. We have redesigned the gaming floor by relocating the central bar to improve flow, and we completely refurbished the main toilets to reflect the whimsical elegance of the Metropolitan brand. But we are not stopping there – some of the most exciting changes are still to come, promising an even more immersive and elevated experience for our guests.
How has the relocation of the bar from the center been received by the regulars and what are the main key features of the new bar?
Moving the bar has allowed us to create more space for table games and electronic table games. This has significantly improved the flow of the gaming floor, providing players with more comfort and a better experience. The new, modern bar boasts an expanded drink selection and a more sociable environment. Our regulars have responded positively, appreciating the improved layout and atmosphere.
With all the restoration of buildings in Leicester Square, these are exciting times for the area, from standpoint of a hub for leisure entertainment and casinos in the heart of London.
Leicester Square is constantly evolving to maintain its status as a world-class leisure destination for both locals and tourists. As a central landmark in this transformation, the Metropolitan Empire Casino plays a key role in shaping the area’s entertainment landscape. Our refurbishment is not just a significant milestone for us but also a crucial step in enhancing Leicester Square’s reputation as a premier destination. By modernizing our venue, we are reinforcing our position as a flagship attraction in the West End’s ever-changing landscape while contributing to the vibrancy and prestige of this iconic location.
These are exciting times for London’s Leicester Square area, with many of the leisure casino and entertainment venues in the area also undergoing refurbishments in what is a location renowned for being one of the world’s top international tourist destinations.
We are incredibly proud that Empire remains a key attraction within the West End’s vibrant leisure-and-
entertainment scene. We actively collaborate with other businesses in the area to enhance the overall experience for visitors, ensuring Leicester Square continues to be a world-class destination. It is always exciting to see ongoing investment and innovation from neighboring venues, which not only elevates the area but also inspires us to continually evolve and enhance our own offerings.
Can you tell us about your poker offering and the tournaments planned for 2025?
Our poker room is open 24/7 with a variety of tournaments and cash games, offering a friendly environment for both experienced players and newcomers. Our daily tournaments, with lower buyins and up to 70 entries, are designed to make new players feel at ease. We’ve also introduced Mondayevening tournaments for added variety. For 2025, our Team Empire promotion remains a
standout, where we aim to send 13 players to the World Series of Poker in Las Vegas. Players can qualify through cash games and compete in our monthly loyalty tournament for a chance to win a fully hosted trip to the WSOP Main Event – an opportunity we have provided to over 50 players since 2016. Additionally, our Empire Hand promotion rewards players who win with a suited 5/6 with a rake-free pass, which they can hold until another player wins it.
Looking ahead, we plan to expand our poker offerings to the main gaming floor, space permitting, in order to meet the growing demand from our guests.
Player safety is a vitally important role in land-based casinos. What is Metropolitan Empire Casino’s approach? Player safety and responsible gaming are at the heart of everything we do. We were one of the first casinos to introduce Safer Gambling Ambassadors, ensuring there is always a dedicated team member available to support and engage with customers. Recognizing the importance of a seamless experience, we have integrated our safer gambling and anti-money laundering procedures into a single, customer-friendly journey, reducing duplication and ensuring clear communication. Additionally, we have recently implemented more sensitive thresholds for younger customers, particularly those under 25, to provide enhanced support where needed. We actively monitor customer interactions, tracking visitation and spending patterns, to identify and assist those who may be at risk.
Can you tell us about the restaurant options and have any of them been moved?
While we do not have a traditional restaurant, we offer a diverse and high-quality dining experience designed for our gaming guests. Our Players’ Menu is available
throughout the venue, featuring dishes specifically crafted to be enjoyed while playing. For those craving authentic Chinese cuisine, 7th Cat Chinese Kitchen by Ellen Chew offers an exceptional casualdining experience. Additionally, we host exclusive dining events in our premium gaming area, providing a more intimate and elevated experience for our guests.
What do you think makes the Empire Leicester Square Casino so special?
Metropolitan Empire Casino is a dynamic and welcoming destination that offers something for everyone. From our Asian gaming area to Dovetail, our stylish late-night cocktail bar overlooking Leicester Square, we cater to a wide variety of guests. Our friendly poker room and extensive gaming options appeal to both casual and highstakes players. What truly sets us apart is our commitment to delivering a world-class guest experience. Our team is dedicated to making every visit exceptional, ensuring that every guest feels valued and welcomed.
What is the general breakdown of equipment in the casino? Do locals prefer table or slot action?
Our goal is to offer a diverse range of gaming experiences that appeal to all types of players, whether they are local regulars or first-time visitors. The main gaming floor features a mix of traditional and electronic table games, with electronic terminals strategically positioned to maintain the immersive, table-gaming atmosphere. Our Asian gaming area is predominantly focused on baccarat, catering to our international guests, while our Dragon Lounge, high stakes area provides an exclusive, high-stakes environment for those seeking a more private and relaxed experience.
Metropolitan Empire Casino spans two floors, with slot areas on each level featuring the latest games and progressive jackpots of up to £20,000. As part of our refurbishment plans, we are developing a new, electronic-gaming area to accommodate the additional machines permitted by the regulatory changes coming soon.
Which slot games are hot now?
Lucky Lady’s Charm remains one of our strongestperforming slots, consistently popular among
our guests. Big Bass Bonanza has rapidly grown in popularity since its launch, mirroring its success in the online-gaming world. Among the latest additions, the Prosperity Link progressive slot has been a huge hit, and Mystery Lamp is quickly emerging as a fan favorite, showing strong potential to become a classic.
Do you approach visitors differently from locals from a marketing perspective?
Yes, our approach varies depending on the audience. For locals, we focus on loyalty programs, exclusive events and promotions that encourage repeat visits. For tourists, we highlight our unique location, highlighting the Empire as an unmissable part of their London experience.
The building is impressive. I particularly like the massive balcony that overlooks Leicester Square. Are their plans to enhance that area of the building further?
The balcony is one of the most iconic parts of the Empire and is now home to our new Dovetail Rooftop
Richard Smith, Metropolitan Empire Casino Leicester Square’s venue director
EXPERIENCE THE EMPIRE REIMAGINED
Since the time of this interview, the first phase of Metropolitan Empire Casino’s refurbishment has officially been completed. Guests can now enjoy a redefined gaming floor, a stunning new bar, upgraded facilities, and a fresh, modern look that elevates the entire venue experience. We invite all our readers to come and see the transformation for themselves – there’s never been a better time to visit Metropolitan Empire Casino Leicester Square.
Bar. It is an incredible spot to watch film premieres and red-carpet events in Leicester Square. We are looking at ways to further enhance the experience, potentially developing an exclusive, outdoor lounge area with premium seating and a bespoke menu. Additionally, we are exploring how we can enhance the overall frontage of the Empire, balancing modern upgrades with its historic architecture. We also have two other entrances that will be revamped as part of our refurbishment. One will include an outdoor pavement café, while our Chinatown entrance will be developed to serve as a key focal point for visitors from that area.
Finally, when you are not at work how do you relax?
Switching off from a 24/7 operation can be a challenge, as there is always something exciting happening. To truly unwind, I focus on activities that engage my mind in a completely different way. I love to travel and explore new places whenever I get the chance. At home, I am an enthusiastic guitar player – it’s the perfect way to disconnect, be creative, and recharge.
2 - 3 JULY 2025
Past, Present and a Very Bright Future
The
evolution of Thailand’s casino industry. By Shaun
McCamley
Thailand has a long history of cultural appreciation for gambling, despite strict laws prohibiting most forms of wagering.
Over the years, the land-based and online casino industries have undergone significant changes driven by legal, economic, and technological shifts. Although Thailand has yet to establish legal casinos, the ongoing push for legalization and licensing by the current government, coupled with the swift rise of online gambling, suggests that the industry is undergoing significant changes. This article delves into the past, present, and potential future of land-based and online casinos in Thailand.
The past: A gambling culture without casinos
Historically, gambling has been a prevalent aspect of Thai culture. Traditional betting activities, such as cockfighting and card games, have been ingrained in Thai society for centuries. During the reign of King Rama III (1824–1851), gambling was legalized to generate state revenue. However, rampant addiction and social issues led to the closure of official gambling houses by the early 20th century.
The Gambling Act of 1935 was enacted to restrict gambling, allowing only government-run lotteries, as well as horse racing at the Royal Bangkok Sports
Club. Despite these laws, underground casinos thrived in cities like Bangkok and Pattaya, often protected by organized crime and corrupt officials. This created a dual gambling economy in Thailand, where prohibited activities were widely practiced.
In the past, proposals to legalize land-based casinos have faced resistance due to concerns about crime and addiction. Still, the success of legal casinos in neighboring countries continues to fuel and move legalization forward in Thailand.
The present: A booming but unregulated online casino market
While land-based casinos remain illegal in Thailand, the digital revolution has opened the doors to an alternative: online gambling. The rapid advancement of Internet connectivity, smartphone accessibility and digital payment systems has fueled a thriving online casino industry, albeit in a legal grey area.
The rise of online casinos
Thai players can access international, online casinos offering various games, including slots, poker and sports betting. Many operate from countries where online gambling is legal, complicating enforcement for Thai authorities. Despite its illegal status, online gambling is rising in Thailand, with millions participating and the industry generating billions of baht annually. The government has attempted to block these sites but new ones keep emerging.
The rise of social gaming and its impact on the casino industry
Social gaming has gained immense popularity in recent years; this is particularly so in Thailand, where
gambling regulations remain strict. The social gaming market in Thailand has experienced significant growth in recent years. In 2021, the Thai games market generated over $1 billion, a substantial increase from previous years. This growth trajectory is expected to continue, with projections indicating that the gaming industry revenue will reach approximately $2.4 billion by 2025, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.1 percent from 2025 to 2029.
Games that simulate casino-style experiences — such as poker, slots and blackjack — allow players to engage in gambling-like activities without realmoney stakes. These games attract millions of players worldwide, including in Thailand, where 250 percent year-over-year growth has been reported.
For casino operators, social gaming presents an opportunity to engage a wider audience, particularly younger demographics who are more inclined toward digital and mobile entertainment. By offering social casino games to their player databases, operators can:
Enhance brand loyalty
Social games provide an entertaining and risk-free way for players to engage with casino brands.
King Rama III (1824–1851)
Monetize virtual goods
Social casino platforms generate revenue through ingame purchases, virtual chips and premium content.
Gather valuable data
Player behavior insights from social gaming can help casinos tailor marketing campaigns and improve their real-money offerings.
The economic and social implications of online gambling
The online casino industry offers both opportunities and challenges. It provides entertainment. It creates digital marketing, customer service and IT security
jobs. However, the lack of regulation exposes players to fraud and addiction, with many Thais victimized by unlicensed sites, and lacking legal recourse. Some Thai policymakers have suggested regulatory frameworks similar to those in the Philippines and the UK, but progress is hindered by opposition from religious groups and conservative lawmakers.
The latest update on land-based casino legalization
As of 2025, the Thai government, under the leadership of Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin, has identified four potential locations for integrated casino resorts as part of its broader push for legalization. These locations include …
Bangkok
The capital city, known for its tourism and business appeal, is considered a prime location for an entertainment complex.
Pattaya (Chon Buri)
This is a major tourist destination with a vibrant nightlife scene, making it an ideal candidate for a casino resort.
Phuket
Thailand’s premier island destination, popular among international tourists, could benefit from a high-end casino resort.
Chiang Mai
The northern city, famous for its cultural and historical attractions, is being considered in order to boost regional tourism.
A tourism boost and regional appeal
One key motivation for legalizing casinos is to enhance tourism spending and arrivals. Officials anticipate that integrated resorts could increase foreign tourist visits by five to 10 percent annually, translating to an additional two to four million tourists annually, based on 2019 figures. The Finance Ministry projects that this surge will lead to a 13 percent rise in tourism revenue, especially during low seasons.
Tourists drawn by casinos are expected to stay longer and spend significantly more. Studies suggest that average spending could increase by 52 percent, amounting to approximately 411 billion baht ($12
Bangkok
Phuket
Chiang Mai
billion) in additional tourism receipts. Successful case studies in the region support this trend; for instance, Singapore saw a 20 percent rise in visitor arrivals following the opening of its major resorts.
Per the latest draft bill, Thailand's planned resorts will be located in popular tourist areas like Bangkok, Phuket and Pattaya, enhancing their appeal. The goal is to create comprehensive destinations where casinos are just one aspect of a broader entertainment experience, promoting a family-friendly environment. If implemented effectively, these resorts could significantly boost Thailand’s tourism landscape for years to come.
Job creation and investment benefits
Legal casino resorts are also touted for their potential to create jobs and spur investment. Both government sources and industry experts predict substantial employment gains from the five proposed casinos.
The Thai Finance Ministry expects to create 20,000 jobs for Thai citizens. These jobs would span construction, hospitality, gaming operations, retail and various support services. Each resort complex is massive – with 5,000-plus hotel rooms, as well as convention centers, malls and entertainment venues, requiring thousands of workers to build and run.
On the investment side, legalizing casinos is seen as a way to draw billions in foreign and domestic capital. Analysts estimate that $10 billion-plus in investment could flow into Thailand to develop these resorts.
The proposed investment would finance resort construction, boost related sectors (real estate, banking, infrastructure) and generate construction jobs, potentially increasing GDP by 0.2 percent. It could also recapture revenue lost to illegal or overseas gambling, as many Thais currently visit casinos in neighboring countries. Legalizing casinos in Thailand could keep those funds in the country, enhancing tax revenues and offering safer, regulated gambling options for Thai players. Advocates believe this might transform underground gambling into taxable income.
Potential revenues from Thailand’s four proposed casino resorts
These projects are envisioned as large-scale destinations, with casinos comprising only a tiny portion of the facilities (around five to 10 percent of the floor area). Each complex would feature hotels,
convention centers, arenas, theme parks, dining and retail venues – similar to integrated resorts in Singapore, Macao and Las Vegas.
Projected gaming revenues and economic impact
Government estimates anticipate that a domestic casino industry could significantly boost Thailand’s economy. The Finance Ministry projects that the entertainment complex plan will add about 0.7 percent to the national GDP once fully operational.
In monetary terms, this implies roughly 187 billion baht in annual gross gaming revenue – about one percent of GDP, in line with other analyses.
For context, 187 billion baht equals approximately $5 billion to $5.5 billion per year in gaming revenue. Officials also expect around 100 billion baht ($3 billion) in upfront investment from developers to build these resorts.
Industry analysts believe Thailand's gaming market could be highly lucrative, with projections ranging from $1.5 billion to $9.1 billion in annual gaming revenue. These numbers would position Thailand as the world’s number-three gambling destination behind Macao and Las Vegas.
These revenue projections assume all five resorts are running at scale with intense tourist and local patronage. By comparison, Singapore’s two casinos generated about $3.8 billion to $4 billion in recent years, so $9 billion would firmly place Thailand among the global gaming heavyweights.
It’s worth noting that Thailand’s large population and tourist base underpin these forecasts. The country has a vast potential customer pool with 70 million residents (many of whom already gamble underground or abroad) and pre-pandemic foreign visitors nearing 40 million annually. Analysts believe Thailand could “eclipse Singapore’s glitzy casinos” by drawing major international operators and leveraging the kingdom’s tourism appeal.
These optimistic outcomes hinge on solid regulation, transparency and a competitive bidding process. Clear rules and transparency are essential to unlock the full revenue potential. Unfortunately, there is considerable concern among the large international operators that this is not happening and could even jeopardize their willingness to participate in the licensing process.
The major casino companies expressing interest
Las Vegas Sands
Las Vegas Sands, a prominent, U.S.-based casino developer, is actively engaging with Thai officials and has expressed significant interest in establishing an integrated resort in Thailand. Rob Goldstein, the CEO of Sands, described Thailand as a “very, very exciting market” for the company, highlighting its large population, excellent accessibility and its reputation as “the number one resort destination city in Asia.” He mentioned that, if the process unfolds smoothly, a casino resort in Thailand could potentially open by 2029, possibly ahead of Japan’s first casino, which is expected to debut in 2030.
Wynn Resorts
Wynn Resorts has announced its intention to pursue a casino license in Thailand, with a particular focus on Bangkok. In mid-2024, CEO Craig Billings emphasized that Wynn is “active on the ground” in Thailand and sees Bangkok as a promising location for an integrated resort. He voiced optimism about the ongoing progress toward legalization in Thailand, describing the market as “very attractive” due to its robust tourism infrastructure and strong service culture.
MGM Resorts (via MGM China)
MGM Resorts International has expressed its intention to pursue a gaming license in Thailand through its Asian subsidiary, MGM China. Company executives have been exploring the potential of the Thai market for quite some time. MGM views Thailand as a logical extension of its operations in Asia and has been actively “keeping an eye on the market” alongside other concessionaires from Macao. Importantly, MGM's leadership has indicated that any bid in Thailand would be channeled through MGM China, which is partly owned by Pansy Ho of Macao, allowing the company to leverage its regional expertise.
Galaxy Entertainment Group
Macau’s Galaxy Entertainment Group is actively preparing to bid for a license to develop an integrated resort in Thailand. The company has made it clear that it plans to concentrate solely on Bangkok, which it sees as the top choice for a resort, despite the possibility of five nationwide licenses. Executives believe that Bangkok, recognized as a premier global
Wynn Resorts, Las Vegas
tourist destination, presents the best prospect for securing a strong return on investment. If Galaxy enters the Thai market, its extensive experience with the Asia-Pacific VIP and mass-market gambler segments could greatly enhance the competitiveness of Thailand’s casinos within the region.
Melco Resorts & Entertainment
Melco Resorts & Entertainment, a major player based in Macao, has emerged as one of the most proactive contenders for a gaming license in Thailand. The company publicly expressed its interest, and even opened an office in Bangkok in late 2023 to begin assembling a team and exploring development prospects. This step underscores Melco’s serious commitment to obtaining a Thai-integrated resort license. CEO Lawrence Ho has described the opportunity in Thailand as a “once-in-a-century” chance, highlighting that the company is preparing to propose a large-scale, luxury integrated resort in what is expected to be the best location: Bangkok.
Genting Group (Genting Singapore & Genting Malaysia)
The Genting Group, a Malaysian conglomerate with a strong global presence in the casino industry, has shown a clear interest in expanding into Thailand. Both of its subsidiaries in Singapore and Malaysia are keenly watching this emerging market. In 2024, Genting Singapore, which operates the casino resort on Sentosa Island, announced its intention to bid for a casino license in Thailand. Following this, in early 2025, management from Genting Malaysia noted that they “may pursue a separate bid for a Thai casino license apart from their sister company, Genting Singapore.”
Hard Rock International
Hard Rock International is positioning itself as a serious contender for a Thai casino license. The company has engaged with local authorities and partners, expressing a commitment to meet Thailand’s requirements, including local incorporation and significant investment. They are particularly interested in developing an entertainment-focused resort that reflects their music and pop-culture theme, with Phuket identified as a potential location. Hard Rock’s Asia president, Edward Tracy, mentioned that studies indicate Phuket could support a $1.5 billion to $2.5
billion investment, suggesting a preference for nonBangkok licenses to integrate casinos with beach tourism or conventions
In summary
The interest shown by elite casino companies highlights the nation’s potential as Asia’s next major gaming and entertainment destination. Their proposals, which involve billions of dollars in investment, aim to create modern complexes that go beyond mere casinos, perfectly aligning with Thailand’s vision for diverse entertainment hubs.
In light of the rapid growth of online gaming, the government has a significant opportunity to legalize offshore gaming sites, supported by various persuasive arguments articulated by industry experts. If these plans come to life, Thailand could experience a significant boost in tourism revenue, job creation and foreign investment. The gaming market is likely to evolve into one of the largest in the region, fostering new competition that can benefit consumers and drive innovation, all while encouraging regulators to remain alert.
Nevertheless, several challenges must be addressed, ranging from the passage of necessary legislation to the consideration of social impacts. To fully capitalize on this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, it is essential for the government to seek counsel from – and actively engage with – experienced global stakeholders. Should this approach be adopted, Thailand’s entry into the casino-gaming sector has the potential to serve as a transformative milestone. In the coming years, Thailand could emerge as a prominent contender in the international casino resort industry, alongside renowned destinations such as Macao, Singapore and Las Vegas.
MGM China
Spinning and Spanning the Globe
Casino Life talks with Cammegh Ltd. Director Andrew Cammegh.
By Damien Connelly
For 36 years, the name Cammegh has been synonymous with roulette wheels.
This includes in the Pacific Rim. As the game of roulette grows its popularity in Asia, so too does the market presence of Cammegh.
On the eve of this year’s edition of Global Gaming Expo Asia, our Damien Connelly spoke with the company’s Andrew Cammegh about its history and aspirations. Their conversation has been edited for clarity.
What can visitors expect to see from Cammegh at G2E Asia 2025?
Visitors can expect to see our world-leading range of roulette wheels, including the aesthetically captivating Crystal Wheel through to our automatic roulette wheel: Cammegh Slingshot 2, which keeps the ball in view 100 percent of the time. These wheels together with
the Mercury 360, with RRS & Halo, and Mercury 360 Mini complete our range. All of these are unique, designed to address varying demands and challenges of casino operators from around the world.
We’ll also be exhibiting our beautifully designed, reliable and versatile Billboard Display System, featuring an array of game content, complete with stunning, in-house-created graphics. One game on view will be Spread Bet Roulette, a roulette side bet rapidly growing in popularity. It offers flat bets up to 400-to-one, including an ‘8’ bet that pays 135-to-one … all without reducing payouts from the traditional game. We’ll also be showing our Wheel Analysis application. Also on view will be Argon, a software application designed to analyze individual games, game results and games per hour by dealer, as well as showing equipment location, wheel-level status, and so much more.
Crystal Wheel
What are your key objectives for the show and what innovations or updates will you be showcasing this year?
We believe that roulette is experiencing a growth in demand in Asia. G2E is the perfect platform from which to promote our precision-engineered range of roulette wheels and displays. One notable update was that the Mercury 360 RRS recently won “Table Gaming Product of the Year” at the European Casino Awards, an award that is accompanied by significant commercial success, as the security-focused Mercury 360 RRS now accounts for over 30 percent of all manual Cammegh roulette-wheel sales.
How does it feel to return to Macao for G2E Asia?
I am genuinely looking forward to Macao for G2E. While I enjoyed the event being held in Singapore in 2023, returning last year was great. The development of Macao during the Covid-affected years was significant, not least the Houses of Parliament seemingly having been transported from Westminster, London! But as I referred to earlier, the appetite for roulette in the region is growing and naturally we are hopeful to play a key part in its expansion.
What does this region mean to you and the Cammegh brand?
Seeing Cammegh roulette wheels in Macanese properties such as Galaxy and City of Dreams, for example, is always a thrill. Knowing we also have customers in the wider region, including Singapore, Philippines and Malaysia, not to mention Australasia, is also very important. It is a testament to the trust and confidence operators further afield choose to place in the very-high-quality, precision-engineered roulette wheels that we manufacture.
Back in 1989, your father Bill Cammegh crafted the company’s very first roulette wheel — an event that marked the beginning of a remarkable journey. At the time, did you and your brother Richard realize the path that moment would set you on? What milestones stand out most from that journey? I don’t think there’s time available or enough space in the context of this interview to give this question the credit it deserves. But no matter the context, there will always be sufficient time to say that – as a chartered mechanical engineer – my father always principled the design of our roulette wheels on high-end
precision engineering. He worked to incredibly close engineering tolerances, while keeping innovation at the core of everything that both he and Richard did. Richard joined the company soon after its inception. Both he and my father believed that if they stick to these core principles, as well as maintaining high levels of personal and professional integrity, the company had the tools and method to succeed. I don’t think either my father, Richard or I ever gave a thought to how the journey would pan out. But from the very beginning, my father did set out a clear goal: to make the best roulette wheels in the world. That is something he achieved, a benchmark we maintain and one that is internationally recognized today.
Cammegh has cultivated a loyal customer base over the decades. What’s the secret to maintaining long-term relationships in the casino industry? The product comes first. In our case, the roulette wheels we produce have always been something we can believe. Be it the engineering principles, materials, innovation … no matter what it is, knowing you can truly believe in the product that we manufacture and sell means you can develop a passion. This in turn means you can communicate its merits to your
Billboard Display System - Spread Bet Roulette
customers with wholesome sincerity. Once customers have had an experience with not only the product but also the attentive customer care and ‘can do’ mentality that comes with it, I believe the customer will become willing to engage and develop a long-term partnership.
You’ve steadily grown your global presence across key markets such as the United States, Macao and Australia. What strategies are you using to deepen your footprint in these regions? How do you tailor your offerings to accommodate varying regulatory and cultural demands?
Keeping a product range as narrow as possible, in an increasingly regulated and compliance-focused industry, is important. Not only does this keep our tools razor-sharp in the specialized sector within which we operate, it also limits the time needed for product approvals and jurisdictional compliance. The trick is to balance a rigid product specification, while allowing for a wide range of cosmetic and security-led customization.
Fortunately, no matter the casino’s location or gaming environment, some things remain constant. For example, there’s no substitute for consistent geometry, build quality and high-end materials. But how those materials are dressed or finished – as long they don’t impact on game performance – are, within reason, up to us and our customer. This relative freedom helps us customize the wheel to engage
with different cultural themes and casino décor. Other details, such as the number of pockets or illuminated features such as our illuminated turret and Halo ball track, can also contribute to a specific custom design. Further, we are seeing a growing concern from our customers about how AI might be used to target the relative vulnerability of roulette. With ball and rotor always in view, electronic devices and cameras can be used with increasing accuracy for wheel clocking and advantage play. Therefore, it’s also important our Mercury 360 roulette wheel platform can also support additional security features, such as — unique to Cammegh – RRS (random rotor speed). We have never revealed which of our customers have opted for this security-focused feature, but RRS now accounts for almost a third of all manual roulette wheels we produce. It’s proved to be essential that this is an optional upgrade that is available to our ‘standard’ offer.
With AI becoming increasingly influential across industries, do you see potential for predictive technologies to play a role in measuring roulette ball speed or similar applications within the casino environment?
Absolutely, yes. I don’t only see potential. It’s already begun. We know that in 2004, the Ritz Casino lost £1.1 million to players who were using electronic devices to help target sections. Anecdotally I know that cerebral wheel clockers have been deterred from targeting
Argon Wheel Analysis screen shot
Cammegh Mercury 360 roulette wheels with RRS technology installed, potentially saving the operator multiple tens of thousands of pounds.
Could you elaborate on your vision for RRS – random rotor speed – and how it fits into Cammegh’s innovation roadmap?
Random rotor speed is an incredibly valuable asset in our armory to help our customers combat the threat of advantage play. It helps our customers protect their roulette game in real time. Cammegh’s patented RRS technology is GLI-certified and is a central pillar to our offering. Given what we have learnt over the years from customers, and from security-and-surveillance teams around the world, opting for Mercury 360 RRS roulette wheels should be a simple decision. The threat AI poses to roulette is real. If bets are allowed to be placed while the ball is spinning, RRS should be as fundamental a requirement to the game as the roulette wheel it’s spinning on.
What specific benefits does the RRS-enabled roulette wheel bring to live online casino operations?
It helps maintain security, while allowing bets to be placed while the ball is spinning – upholding an authentic ‘live player’ experience. We recently learned of an online casino operator who had a client running over 200 separate accounts. The player placed small-value bets on multiple accounts, but using tracking software tools that returned the player wins. Eventually a pattern was detected on one of the accounts, which was traced to the others. But significant damage had already been done – we understand this had been going on for over two years. Rather than call ‘no more bets’ before the ball is spun, the customer is now in the process of ordering Mercury 360 RRS roulette wheels, increasing security while keeping the authentic, live-player experience.
The Mercury 360 RRS roulette wheel has emerged as one of your fastestgrowing products. What’s driving its popularity among operators?
For a relatively low purchase price, RRS protects the casino from advantage players targeting the game. With wheel clockers operating in teams on live tables, EGTs and online,
it’s become clear that RRS is as relevant to roulette as the continual shuffler is to blackjack. Really, it’s as simple as that. We have never heard of a wheel clocker or advantage player having successfully targeted a manual roulette wheel that has RRS.
Cammegh billboard display systems are widely used across casinos worldwide. What features or qualities make them stand out in such a competitive market?
The glazed, anti-reflective Cammegh Billboard Display System is, like our roulette wheels, a quality product. Many of the parts are built in our factory, while necessary outsourced components are specified for their high quality industrial grade levels of fault tolerance. The graphics capability of the Billboard Display is exceptional, something our dedicated in-house graphics team takes full advantage of, creating animations and customized graphics to our customers’ specification and approval.
The Billboard Controller can support multiple games, each having multiple screen layouts and pay tables, with color-coded LED strips. This makes the Billboard Display System a polished, highly versatile gaming tool, bringing high-quality display technology to the live casino floor. When you add its ability to take a wide variety of different integrated-surveillance cameras, each with a customized camera housing, the Billboard Display is a highly reliable, beautifully executed, versatile display system.
Cammegh emphasizes bespoke, precision-engineered solutions for casino clients. Can you provide some recent examples of custom projects or unique installations?
Slingshot 2
連接亞洲娛樂行業 與驅動業務的樞紐
All Cammegh Billboard Display orders are customized. The graphics and pay tables are all worked through with the customer. The definition of the Billboard Display System is that each one is tailored to our customers’ specific requirements. This extends to integrated surveillance-camera housings, as different customers have different preferences when it comes to surveillance technology. With an increasing number of operators wanting to locate the surveillance camera onto the table’s signage, the ability to design a custom housing is often required.
For roulette, customization is more involved, as often we’re required to design and manufacture custom turrets, and to provide hand-painted artwork on the wheels. Customization is most popular in the online space, but we have also created some incredible pieces for our customers in Asia, including the Dragon-themed wheels installed at Galaxy, for example.
Innovation often comes with significant investment. Cammegh has consistently committed
to R&D. Would you say this dedication is a key ingredient in the company’s longevity and success?
Absolutely. RRS was a development process that took over 10 years to perfect. Now we are working on some incredibly exciting innovations now that will propel Cammegh further ahead of our competitors in the roulette space, all extremely exciting.
Innovation is not just limited to the product but also how that product is manufactured and the materials used to make it. Cammegh has invested heavily in terms of our ownership of production. Our state-ofthe-art CNC machine shop places our manufacturing processes on a par with even the most dedicated engineering company. It is this investment in machines and materials – factors often overlooked – that helps us deliver such highly engineered and reliable products. They are fit for purpose in even the most challenging of gaming environments, such as those at either end of the humidity scale.
Could you share the details of your booth for G2E Asia 2025? What should attendees look out for when they visit you?
We will be proudly exhibiting our products at G2E on stand B1335. Our visitors can expect to see our stunning range of unique roulette wheels and high-quality gaming displays. Our wheel analysis application, Argon, will also be demonstrated. Players will be able to play games unique to Cammegh: Spread Bet Roulette, Spread Bet Blackjack and Spread Bet Baccarat. Not to mention, they will be receiving a very warm welcome from our team.
Billboard Display System – Roulette
Billboard Display System – Baccarat
Song of India
How a 1xBet affiliate program conquers the Indian market
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A Player’s Code of Conduct
Some guidelines on behavior. By Al O’Grady
ust because you can do something does not mean that you should. Yes, we live in a free society and you can do whatever you want with your money, but do you really want to be viewed as ignorant, unprofessional or having no class by the dealer or other players at the table? There is plenty of information in books and on the Internet how to play basic strategy, but very little about conducting yourself in a professional manner. I have put together a Players’ Code of Conduct. This is a dealer’s guideline to you, if you would like to be viewed with respect regardless of your ability. These points are in no order of significance but all contribute equally to the big picture.
JStop Table Hopping
This is a major annoyance to everyone. Stop bouncing around from table to table. For some reason, some players feel a table is cold after losing three hands in a row and leave for the next table. They continue this pattern until they find the so-called “hot table” and go on a run. Losing three hands in a row is common
and does not justify leaving the table. After 15 or 20 minutes of punishment I get it, but not three hands. Stop making a fool of yourself by bouncing around.
Ask for Permission to Join
This is a common courtesy to others at the table and you will get immediate respect. When sitting down, ask the players if you can join in or if they want you to wait for a few hands. The original players may be on a winning streak and they do not want someone to upset that rhythm. Respect that. Think of the Golden Rule. If you were on a winning streak, do you want someone to join in without asking? If the players were on a winning streak, you jumped in without asking and the table started losing, rightly or wrongly, you would get the blame. It is common courtesy, but for some reason it is not that common.
Do Not Tell Others How to Play
If you do not play perfect strategy, do not tell others how to play. You will be seen as a hypocrite and a bully by the dealer and by other advanced players.
In my experience, less than two percent of all players I encounter play perfect strategy. Even the big-money players make strategic errors all the time. If you are the type that sticks on 16 all the time and does not double down against a dealer’s 10, you are violating perfect strategy. If you are knowingly or unknowingly violating basic strategy, do not tell others how to play. There is a way to encourage basic play for novice players. Respectfully tell them that it is their money and they can do whatever they want, but they are not playing the percentages and explain the rationale. Being respectful and not condescending to weaker players generates harmony at the table. You will find they will be asking for your opinion on future hands as well.
NEVER Berate the Dealer for a Mistake
Of course this one is near and dear to my heart, but never give the dealer a tough time for making an honest mistake. The job is hard enough at times. Dealers are human too. Nobody is perfect. I could deal 1,000 hands in a day. If I am 99.9 percent accurate, that means I will make 10 mistakes over eight hours. The laws of probability will show my imperfections. It is not a matter of if, but when, a dealer makes a mistake. When that does happen it is not the end of the world. Respectfully point out the error. A supervisor will be called in and the error is corrected. No harm, no foul. Do not compound the problem with hostility. It solves nothing. This brings me to my next point …
NEVER Blame the Dealer for a Losing Hand
For some reason, people think dealers have some sort of magical power and can control the cards that come out of the shoe. News flash, we cannot. If we did have that magical power, we would be sitting on the other side of the table and become independently wealthy taking down the casino. You are not going to win every hand. Over the course of time, you will win slightly less than 50 percent of all hands dealt. If you cannot accept that, then you are not worthy of playing. Dealers can understand if you lose a tough hand. We can understand that you are upset with the situation. Just do not make it personal.
Do Not Buy in with Low Denominations or Crumpled-up Bills
You never get a second chance for a first impression. If you are sitting down at a $25 blackjack table, most players buy in with hundreds, fifties or twenties. What do you think the dealer and the rest of the table think of you if you bring in tens or fives? The words unprofessional, no-class or even desperate come to mind. Did you break your kid’s piggy bank or take some kid’s lunch money? Buying in with low denominations is a clear signal that you do not belong at this table. Secondly, do not buy in with crumpledup bills regardless of the denomination. While the bills do not have to be fresh off the press, they should not have been in your dirty jeans pocket for the last three months either.
Tip the Dealer
Last and certainly not least, if you have a nice win, tip the dealer. If you got kicked in the teeth and nothing went your way, no tip is necessary and none is expected. But if you come away with $500, $1,000, $1,500 or more, some gratitude for the dealer is appreciated. Are you tipping the waitress at the casino if you lose? Why can’t you tip the dealer if you win? To do otherwise is classless, ignorant and unprofessional. These points make up my Players’ Code of Conduct. It is not always what you do but how you do it. At the end of the day, the ‘how’ truly shows your character, professionalism and class.
Good luck at the tables and do not forget to tip the dealer.
Al O'Grady
A Roll of the Dice
The evolution of craps from its ancient origins to modern innovations. By
Edwin Ford
The game of craps, while a modern casino staple, has roots that stretch back thousands of years. The earliest known use of dice dates to ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt and China. These dice were crafted from animal bones, ivory and stone, and were used for divination and games of chance. In these early societies, dice often served to predict the future and their use in gambling rituals became a popular practice.
The Romans and Greeks further refined dice games, where they were often used for gambling in public spaces. Archaeological discoveries from these civilizations indicate that the concept of betting
on dice outcomes was widespread, with games of chance becoming an integral part of social life.
The
birth of Hazard
in the 14th to 17th centuries
The direct ancestor of craps, the game Hazard, emerged in medieval France in the 14th century. It was popular among French noblemen and got its name from the French word for “danger,” reflecting the game’s risky nature. Hazard was typically played by two players who bet on the outcome of the dice rolls. Its popularity spread to England and eventually across Europe, where it became a mainstay in gambling circles.
By the 17th century Hazard had become so popular that it reached the American colonies. Early versions of Hazard were more complex and had a wide range of possible outcomes, but as the game travelled it underwent simplification, especially once it arrived in America.
The American Revolution of craps in the 19th Century
In the early 19th century, Hazard evolved into the game we now know as craps. American soldiers stationed in New Orleans during the early 1800s modified the game to make it more accessible to a larger group of players. The game became known as “craps,” a corruption of the term “crapaud,” the French word for “toad,” which referred to the position some players took when rolling the dice.
The game quickly grew in popularity, particularly in New Orleans. By the time Nevada legalized gambling in 1931, craps was firmly established as one of the primary games in the newly emerging casino industry. It was craps that helped transform Las Vegas into a major gambling hub, with the game being available in almost every casino by the 1940s.
The classic craps table and the golden age of Las Vegas in the mid-20th century
By the mid-20th century, craps had become a defining feature of American casinos, particularly in Las Vegas. The game became known for its social aspect, with players gathering around the table and shouting out bets, cheering, and celebrating the outcome of each roll. The Pass Line and Don’t Pass Line were the core bets, with additional options for more advanced wagers like Come Bets, Hardways, and Place Bets.
During the 1970s, casinos like Binion’s Horseshoe in Las Vegas took craps to another level by offering some of the best odds in the city. Binion’s was famous for offering up to 100 times odds on the pass line, allowing players to bet much more than at traditional craps tables. This helped the casino attract professional gamblers and high rollers. The larger odds meant a lower house edge, which appealed to those seeking better risk-to-reward ratios.
However, these favorable odds came at a cost. Running craps tables with high odds required increased staffing and large payouts when players won, making the game less sustainable for many casinos. As a result, by the late 1980s Binion’s and other casinos scaled back the odds, focusing more on standard three times, four times, and five times odds on the pass line to better manage operational costs.
The decline of high-odds craps and standardization in the late 20th century
As casinos worked to control their costs and streamline operations, the once-popular high-odds craps game saw a decline. The increase in staffing costs, due to the need for multiple dealers and supervisors, combined with the increased payouts, made high odds craps unsustainable for many casinos. Many casinos around the U.S. returned to offering the standard odds of three to five times, which provided a more-manageable house edge of about 1.4 percent on the pass-line bet.
Despite this, craps continued to thrive as one of the most social and exciting games in casinos, often drawing large crowds to the tables. Casinos also began introducing other table games and slot machines, but craps remained a core attraction for serious gamblers and casino enthusiasts.
The decline of craps in the UK and Europe
In the UK and many parts of Europe, craps faced a particularly difficult battle due to high staffing costs and operational inefficiencies. The need for a highly trained staff to manage craps tables, especially during peak hours, made it one of the most expensive games to operate. In many European casinos, where labor costs tend to be higher than in the U.S., this presented a significant problem. The cost of staffing several dealers per table, coupled with the complexity of the game, contributed to the decline of craps in these regions.
As a result, several UK and European casinos began reducing the number of craps tables or removing them altogether. The game became less profitable than table games like blackjack and roulette, which required fewer dealers and were easier to manage. By the early 2000s, craps was often a niche offering in European casinos, whereas games like
roulette and baccarat continued to dominate the floor.
In the UK, the introduction of more cost-effective games like electronic roulette and automated blackjack further exacerbated the decline of craps. The shift to automated and electronic gaming options in European casinos also helped reduce the staffing burden, making traditional table games like craps less attractive.
The rise of electronic craps: The early 21st century
As technology continued to advance, so did the evolution of craps. The early 2000s saw the rise of electronic versions of craps, where players could make their bets via touch-screen displays and watch a computerized simulation of the dice rolls. These electronic craps machines offered a more efficient and accessible way to play craps, particularly in venues where staffing resources were limited.
One of the most significant developments in electronic craps to date came from Aruze Gaming. In 2017 the company released its electronic live craps, called Roll to Win Craps. Aruze’s innovation combined the traditional excitement of craps with the convenience and cost-efficiency of modern technology. The system only required a stick person (a single dealer to manage the dice), as the rest of the game was automated.
The electronic live-craps system allowed players to place bets via interactive touch-screen displays while a stick person supervised the dice roll. The outcome of each roll was displayed on high-definition screens, and cameras ensured that the dice rolls were transparent and random. This innovation drastically reduced staffing requirements and provided a more streamlined, fast-paced gaming experience.
Casinos quickly adopted electronic live craps due to the lower operational costs, faster game play and the reduced need for dealers. It was particularly popular in venues seeking to maximize efficiency without sacrificing the excitement of traditional craps. In 2019 Aruze was taken over by Interblock Gaming, which now distributes the product.
Online and mobile craps: 2010s – present
As the online gambling market expanded in the 2010s, online craps became a popular feature in virtual casinos. These games were often modeled after traditional craps tables, using random number
Edwin Ford
generators (RNGs) to simulate dice rolls. Players could access the game from their computers or mobile devices, allowing them to enjoy craps from the comfort of their own homes or on the go.
Additionally, the rise of live-dealer craps provided an immersive experience by streaming real-life dealers rolling dice at physical tables in real time. Players could interact with the dealers and other players via live chat, combining the social aspect of traditional craps with the convenience of online play. This format allowed players to experience the excitement of a real craps table without being physically present in a casino.
Mobile craps apps, optimized for smartphones and tablets, also became widely popular. These apps offered a portable way to play craps anywhere, anytime and further expanded the reach of the game to a younger, more tech-savvy audience.
The present day: The future of craps and continued innovation
Today, craps continues to evolve in both land-based and online casinos. Innovations like virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are likely to shape the future of the game, offering even more immersive experiences for players who seek a more interactive and futuristic gambling environment.
Casinos are also experimenting with hybrid gaming, combining traditional and electronic versions of craps on the same floor, allowing players to choose between a live, dealer-run game or a faster, electronic version with automated betting systems.
While craps still faces challenges—particularly in the face of the rising popularity of electronic and online gaming—it remains a cornerstone of the casino industry. Its ability to adapt and evolve through technological innovations like electronic live craps and online play ensures its continued relevance in the gambling world.
Conclusion
From its humble beginnings in ancient dice games to its modern-day forms, including electronic live craps and online versions, craps has undergone a remarkable transformation. Whether it’s played at a crowded casino table, through an electronic machine, or online with a live dealer, craps remains a thrilling and dynamic game that blends the excitement of chance with the communal atmosphere of social gambling. As technology continues to shape the future of gaming, craps will undoubtedly remain one of the most enduring and beloved games in the world of casinos.
Showing the Flag
Casino Life interviews Ms. Josephine Lee, COO, Greater China, of RX (Reed Exhibitions) about Global Gaming Expo Asia 2025. By Peter White
Next month, Global Gaming Expo Asia convenes at The Venetian Macao. The world’s largest casino will play host to one of the premier casino-industry trade show May 7 through 9. It’s a 15-year cooperative venture between the American Gaming Association, Reed Exhibitions and the gaming powers of the Far East. Casino Life Publisher Peter White spoke with Reed’s COO for greater China, Josephine Lee, in advance of the expo. Their conversation has been lightly edited for clarity.
How was G2E 2024 and what were among the high points of the show?
G2E Asia 2024 celebrated its 15th anniversary, welcoming 6,319 industry professionals from across 76 countries and regions. Highlights included the anniversary reception, the relaunch of the Technology Zone & Tech Talk stage, and keynote addresses by Bill Miller, CEO of the American Gaming Association, and by Alejandro H. Tengco, chairman of Pagcor.
What’s new for G2E Asia 2025 from an exhibitor standpoint?
The G2E Asia & Asian IR Expo 2025 exhibition is expanding by 50 percent, showcasing more than 150 exhibiting companies across more than 30,000 square meters. Exhibitors will span the full spectrum of the travel and entertainment industry, with several unveiling their latest innovations in Asia at the event for the first time. For the list of new launches, visit https://www.g2easia.com/en-gb/exhibit/asia-firstlaunch.html.
Were there any added new features or attractions for visitors this year?
To enhance the experience for attendees, the newly introduced Gaming Innovation Forum will feature three days of expert-led sessions, focused on the industry’s most relevant topics.
Yours is the longest running and most established gaming industry exhibition in Asia. However,
recent years have seen ever-increasing number of exhibitions, conferences and awards in the region. What has been the organization’s approach to competition?
G2E Asia remains dedicated to being a key platform that connects the gaming industry and creates business opportunities for all stakeholders. Each year we gather feedback from attendees, ensuring the event stays relevant and matches the ever-changing industry landscape, including by showcasing the latest innovations, offering insightful discussions, and providing opportunities. This year, we’re introducing new exhibiting brands, expanding segments, launching the Gaming Innovation Forum, and welcoming new speakers, all to bring fresh perspectives and foster meaningful connections.
What are the key factors about G2E Asia from a manufacturer/supplier standpoint that make it a must-exhibit gaming industry event in the region?
As Asia’s leading industry platform, G2E Asia provides manufacturers and suppliers with unmatched visibility to a highly targeted audience of industry leaders and decision-makers. This event offers them the opportunity to showcase their products and innovations to a diverse group of professionals across the gaming, entertainment, and integratedresort sectors. With its focus on emerging trends and cutting-edge solutions, G2E Asia fosters valuable business connections and creates new opportunities for growth.
Are there any geographical markets that you will be targeting to augment attendance at this year’s G2E Asia?
Alongside key industry leaders from across Asia, we have extended invitations to decision-makers from major upcoming projects, as well as key stakeholders from the rapidly expanding UAE market, which continues to gain global attention.
What have been amongst the main trends and developments you have noticed in the industry in recent years from both a visitor and exhibitor standpoint to G2E Asia?
In recent years, several key trends and developments have shaped the gaming and integrated resort industry. These include growing interest in technologydriven solutions, increased diversity in gaming
content, and the rising focus of regulations and security around the world. To address these trends, the G2E Asia features a dedicated Technology Zone, a three-day Tech Talk with expert-led sessions on emerging technologies and cybersecurity, and a diverse showcase of gaming products and content to meet evolving industry demands.
What would you say those holding the purse strings at casinos as to why G2E Asia is worth the investment of sending delegates?
G2E Asia is the region’s premier platform for casino executives to stay ahead in the evolving gaming and integrated-resort industry. The event offers direct access to top suppliers, cutting-edge innovations, and expert-led discussions on market trends and regulatory developments. With high-level networking and business opportunities across Asia, it’s a strategic investment for any casino looking to enhance operations and drive growth.
What are some of the enduring qualities of G2E Asia that have kept it so popular over the years? One of the key factors that has contributed to the enduring popularity of G2E Asia is its understanding of
Ms. Josephine Lee, Chief Operating Officer, Greater China of RX (Reed Exhibitions)
the industry’s evolving needs. We consistently provide a platform that combines innovation with practicality, offering the latest products and solutions, tailored specifically to the Asian gaming and entertainment markets. We also foster strong relationships with both global and local industry players, allowing the event to consistently feature top-tier content and expert-led discussions that address the most pressing issues.
Are you in a position to provide details on the key speakers at this year’s conference, along with some of the leading topics of discussion?
The G2E Asia 2025 conference will span three days of insightful discussions, exploring key themes such as the Asian Gaming Market Forum, Technology & Innovation for the Gaming Floor, Responsible Gaming and the annual IAGA Best Practices Institute. Speakers include Praveen Choudhary, managing director of Morgan Stanley Asia; Ed Bowers, president of global development of MGM Resorts International; Brian Wyman, partner of The Innovation Group; Guojing Su, president and professor of Asian Responsible Gaming Alliance; Wilson Wong, vice president of cyber security, Asia, of Sands China; and Sheechean Ho, partner at Ernst & Young.
For those who have considered either exhibiting at or visiting G2E Asia, what advice do you have as to why they should?
G2E Asia remains the premier platform for industry connections and innovation. This year’s show includes a 50 percent increase in event space, the introduction of new exhibitors from emerging sectors and numerous exclusive product launches making their Asian debut. The newly added Gaming Innovation Forum will also provide expert-led discussions on key industry trends. We are expecting 10,000 visitors from 80 countries and regions. G2E Asia 2025 continues to be the must-attend platform for discovering innovations, forging connections and staying ahead in the evolving gaming landscape.
Bill Miller, CEO, American Gaming Association
London, Here We Come
The iGB L!VE show sets its sights on the British capital. By Andrew Behan
ollowing a successful ICE Barcelona, what could Clarion Gaming do for an encore? It is converging on London, to convene the iGB L!VE expo, the premier show for the iGaming industry. As Naomi Barton, portfolio director for Clarion, says below, the affiliate market is “growing at an exponential rate” and what cosmopolitan city could handle that better than London? Ms. Barton spoke with Casino Life Publisher Peter White about what to expect when iGB descends upon the ExCeL venue. Their conversation has been edited for clarity.
FI would like to commence this interview with congratulations on the successful ICE Barcelona and iGB Affiliate 2025.
That’s very kind of you. Thank you! iGB Affiliate and ICE were both a resounding success, delivered by the entire stakeholder community aligning and working together. The ICE unique attendance of 50,019 represented an 11 percent, year-on-year uplift, with iGB Affiliate recording a total of 9,082 unique visitors, an increase of 24 percent. The independent-visitor and exhibitor-satisfaction research that we commissioned, and which was undertaken by specialist agency Explori. placed both ICE Barcelona and iGB Affiliate Barcelona among the top five percent of global trade shows across all industry sectors – not just gaming. The challenge is to extend the positivity and enthusiasm that exists into this July’s edition of iGB L!VE, which will be the first to take place in London.
What led to the decision to move the event to London?
With an industry that’s growing at an exponential rate, we have to scale ahead of the market if we are going to deliver on our pledge to serve the needs of the industry. We want to enable the entire ecosystem of gaming to connect, innovate and celebrate together. London is the birthplace of and remains the home of iGaming. Over 50 of the most influential companies in the sector base themselves in London. With
37,000-plus iGaming professionals calling London home, it remains an industry destination for business networking and a place where the industry meets to shape the future.
Being based in London will obviously attract more visitors from the UK but also significantly increase the attendance from mainland Europe, giving us greater access to the most important core markets and the most exciting emerging markets including LatAm and CEE. With more investors and iGaming decision makers being based in London, we will also attract more of the people who are critical to the future development of the iGaming industry. Our vision is to bring together the entire iGaming ecosystem in the world’s largest regulated market, connecting the right audiences to deliver genuine and tangible business growth, alongside additional value and better experiences for our customers as the industry continues to scale.
Naomi Barton, Global Portfolio Director responsible for iGB L!VE
What targets have you set for the show?
By 2028, we have targeted over 30,000 visitors, and 550-plus exhibitors/sponsors. We are working in partnership with our iGaming advisory board to understand what our customers really need and want from us. Their insight is critical and will help shape the event.
We will continue to invest in the show on behalf of the many thousands of international customers who have all been part of iGB L!VE’s unparalleled success. The show has now experienced four years of significant growth and the move to London will extend that success, delivering the best possible business experience for all of our international stakeholders.
What are some of the key qualities of iGB L!VE that make it a must-attend event?
We’re often told by our stakeholders that iGB L!VE is the industry’s favorite event and the place where crucial business deals are made. It’s the only industry event that connects the leading iGaming operators, tech vendors, game providers and suppliers, and affiliates to maximize performance and drive tangible business growth – all centered around player performance. It has a unique chemistry and is widely regarded as being not just a dynamic and exciting show but also the home of the iGaming community.
When we look at the data, we also know that iGB L!VE is an event where genuine deals get done and business is closed. The move to London opens up one of the world’s richest investment networks, unlocking huge growth potential for our iGaming customers.
For those not familiar with ExCeL London, what are the best options for traveling to the exhibition venue?
As one of the world’s most-connected venues, getting
to ExCeL couldn’t be easier and can be undertaken by train, plane, car, bus or even cable car! London is connected by rail to all the major cities in the UK. The Elizabeth Line and the Docklands Light Railway are the quickest routes to the venue. The Elizabeth Line, which opened in 2022, has been a game-changer. Running on a east–west axis, it connects ExCeL with Heathrow Terminals Four and Five in less than an hour, with the journey from Bond Street in central London taking just 18 minutes.
Tell us about the iGB Affiliate Awards 2025 and your new supportive collaboration with EGR’s B2B Awards.
The Awards have become a must-attend celebration of the industry and will be presented at East London’s famous Art Deco, Grade II-listed Troxy venue. Paying homage to its musical heritage, including staging performances by Liam Gallagher, Garbage, Morrissey, The Cure and Stereophonics, as well as hosting the NME Awards, iGB Affiliate nominees and guests will enjoy an evening of Britpop-themed entertainment, as they get to relive the cultural explosion of ‘Cool Britannia.’
The opportunity to experience the very best products and services on the iGB L!VE show floor during the day, and then to celebrate the fantastic achievements of the iGaming affiliate community amongst friends and colleagues at the Awards is a wonderful, once-in-a-year opportunity. Speaking with previous winners, being judged ‘best in class’ at the premier recognition event for businesses of all sizes in the iGaming-affiliate industry helps attract talented employees and is a rich source of pride for the team.
We’re also thrilled to be partnering with EGR for the first time to support and promote each other’s iGaming awards events, driving greater recognition and growth for the industry as a whole. Both the iGB Affiliate Awards (Troxy) and the EGR B2B Awards (The Roundhouse) will take place on July 3.
What have you planned for showcasing responsible gaming at iGB L!VE 2025?
July will see the biggest commitment to sustainable gambling at an edition of iGB L!VE. The Sustainable Gambling Zone (SGZ) reflects the very latest thinking on player protection. The SGZ pods will feature a mix of not-for-profit and private-sector companies who have a shared objective of developing technology
in the pursuit of safer gambling across the iGaming industry. There will also be a high-caliber content program at SGZ, which will serve as a connection point for regulators and policy makers. We will be announcing more details in the coming weeks, and we remain utterly committed to supporting safer gambling and the promotion of regulated markets. We want to continue to facilitate those crucial conversations and educate the industry alongside showcasing product innovation.
Are there any key features that you would like to highlight?
We have created a stunning new waterfront social-andbusiness-networking feature which will be a pivotal part of the iGB L!VE experience. Situated adjacent to the historic Royal Docks, the London Waterfront Experience will involve an iGB L!VE takeover of the Street Kitchen & Bar, part of ExCeL’s ‘Immerse LDN’ Dock Edge entertainment district. It will include a series of entertainment activations, including a centerpiece barge which will be moored at the edge of the dock.
With London’s July temperatures reaching the mid-twenties, the Waterfront Experience will serve as a dynamic networking and social space. Open throughout the show, it will provide a vibrant, Londoninspired twist on the social and business opportunities that the industry loves about iGB L!VE. The feature will reflect iGB L!VE’s unique chemistry and help deliver another world-class experience, whilst retaining the DNA of the event. That’s so important to us: to ensure that people can enjoy the event experience and feel
connected to their community both business-wise and socially … and have some fun!
Finally, what message would you like to share with the global gaming community ahead of iGB L!VE 2025?
If you work in iGaming, and you are looking for your next opportunity after ICE and iGB Affiliate Barcelona to meet and generate business with the world’s best global iGaming investors and most influential operators, iGaming suppliers, tech vendors, and affiliates in the largest regulated market in the world, iGB L!VE should be a must-attend event for you. It’s the world’s fastest-growing iGaming event, and you will see an incredibly diverse attendee audience of iGaming decision-makers and implementers in multiple job roles – genuinely the entire ecosystem of an iGaming business.
Also, I am hugely passionate about increasing customer value. Iff you are spending time and money visiting an event, alongside business growth and lead generation you deserve a good customer experience. We want to make your journey easier, help you to plan your trip and deliver you an on-site visitor experience that genuinely makes your life easier. We focused on delivering this in Barcelona, and I and my team will continue to deliver this for you in London at iGB L!VE. It’s going to be a memorable celebration of both the industry and of London.
iGB L!VE: July 2 & 3, 2025 | ExCel London https://www.igblive.com
The London Waterfront Experience will be launched at iGB L!VE
Up-Close and Personal
The London Casino & Gaming Show lends an intimate touch to a global industry. By Lyudmyla Kyrychenko
arlier this year we saw the debut of the London Casino & Gaming Show. A smaller-scale successor to ICE London, the LCGS also served as an intimate, low-key counterpoint to ICE Barcelona. Since it is never off-season in London, the cosmopolitan capital served as a colorful, casino-laden backdrop to the inaugural LCGS. Our Peter White recapped the event with EAG Expo Chairman Nick Harding. Their conversation has been edited for clarity.
EFirst of all, congratulations to you, Martin, Nicola and the entire team on the hugely successful launch of the London Casino & Gaming Show. How does it feel to see your vision come to life with such an impactful debut?
Well, let’s have credit where it is due. It was both Martin Burlin and also BACTA President John Bollom, who together felt that there were opportunities to be explored for exhibitions in both European casinos and gaming, and also in the social-interactive
entertainment area. So I think that we are collectively very pleased with the way that both shows launched and have created real springboards that we intend to develop from for the 2026 show.
London has long been a hub for gaming and betting innovation. How do you plan to further strengthen the show's position as a must-attend event on the global gaming calendar?
The feedback that we received from all exhibitors after the show was very positive and, at the end of the show, our sales team were holding several business cards from companies who did not exhibit, but who are keen to talk to us about doing so in ’26. It is clear from that sort of feedback that we have a show that resonated with both operators and exhibitors. It was a more personal and boutique event that allowed business to be done in an ambient environment that was close to that of a European casino operation. We can accommodate any space requirement and look forward to seeing both large and small exhibitors next January, particularly against the backdrop of the soon-to-be-enacted changes in gamingmachine entitlement in the UK. That is something which I feel sure is going to really drive innovation and profitability.
For companies that recognize the value of exhibiting at the London Casino & Gaming Show alongside ICE Barcelona, but remain undecided, what would be your key message to them?
They need to think about size, environment and location, and decide what suits them. Immediately after the LCG show I spoke to a senior director of one of the large UK operators and he told me that he spent a whole day at LCG talking business to exhibitors. Talking – not trying to make himself heard! – and afterwards he was able to jump on the Lizzie Line and be back at his hotel in the West End in 20 minutes. QED?
As you look ahead to 2026, what are your primary aspirations and strategic goals for the London Casino & Gaming Show and its partner exhibitions?
We now have a firm platform from which to build the component events whilst at the same time ensuring that the London show will always be a show that listens to exhibitors and constantly finesses the offer in order to make both parties – exhibitors and visitors – feel that they have been part of a quality event. I am a big fan of Sir Dave Brailsford’s marginal-gains strategy and that will be our mantra.
Networking is a major draw for industry professionals. What feedback have you received from attendees regarding the business opportunities and connections made at this year’s show?
The Dealer of the Year finals that we hosted at the LCG show were a huge success and created a real buzz. The networking event held afterwards at Lola’s at the Hippodrome, and which included the Dealer Finals results and prize-giving was fabulous, with an atmosphere that nearly blew the roof off! Networking is really important to the industry. It is important to have times where the industry comes together to relax, discuss business, discuss politics and so on, and we know that it is our job to make sure that we provide precisely that.
Responsible gambling is a key issue in the industry. How do you plan to incorporate and promote responsible-gaming practices at the 2026 show?
We were disappointed that a number of RG service providers pulled out of the show at short notice, supposedly because they were concerned that, if they were seen to be too close to the industry, it could harm their chances of receiving funding from the National Health Service once the Statutory Levy is introduced. It is incredible, really, that organizations believe that simply appearing at a trade exhibition somehow represents collusion with an industry, one that does work so hard to comply in all matters pertaining to RG. For ’26 we will continue to provide FOC facilities in the form of a hub for any provider of RG support, whether commercial or as a charity. We hope that, in the meantime, a more grown-up approach will prevail.
Looking ahead to 2026, will we see the introduction of new sectors, such as sports betting and payment systems, within the exhibition?
Certainly sports betting is an area within the LCG sector that we would like to welcome. Now that we have established show, our sales team will be working on conversations with potential exhibitors. I do hope to see some betting industry suppliers joining us for ’26.
For those who didn’t attend this year’s show, what would you say they missed out on and why should they make it a priority in 2026?
They missed a great inaugural show and we would love to see them next year. We are providing something different to ICE, somewhere where you can do business in ambient surroundings, where you don’t have to walk half a mile from one meeting to another, and where afterwards you can go out and sample everything that one of the world’s most exciting cities can provide. It’s somewhere where both the UK and European land-based gaming sectors are represented, and are able to do business together.
Finally, if you could sum up the London Casino & Gaming Show 2025 in just a few words, what would they be? What’s your one message to the gaming industry as it looks ahead to next year’s event? Many years ago, we built up ICE from a standing start. We have done the groundwork and are now on a new journey to once again provide a quality European casino and gaming show in London. Join us on this journey for 2026 for the second round. You won’t be disappointed.
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Super Powers
The roles of AI and quantum technology in shaping global dominance. By
TRaymond Chan
he hottest topic in recent days has undoubtedly been the tariffs announced by U.S. President Donald Trump on goods imported from around the world. While these tariffs have garnered significant attention, they are not the only factor influencing global competition. Behind the scenes, a fierce race in technology is unfolding, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing – two areas that will ultimately shape national power and influence.
The AI revolution: The race for agentic AI
Artificial intelligence stands at the forefront of this technological transformation, particularly in the development of agentic AI. This form of AI, capable of making autonomous decisions and learning from its environment, promises to dramatically enhance performance across various sectors. Nations that successfully develop and deploy agentic AI will gain
a significant competitive edge, potentially creating disparities in power that could be dangerous. History has shown that an imbalance in global power can lead to significant conflicts, making it imperative for countries not to fall behind in this technological race.
The implications of agentic AI extend far beyond mere efficiency. In fields like defense, cybersecurity, and economic strategy, the ability to leverage autonomous AI systems can redefine national security and influence. Countries that lead in this area will not only improve their operational capabilities but also establish themselves as dominant players on the global stage.
The quantum leap: The race for quantum supremacy
Quantum computing represents another critical frontier in the technological race, comparable to AI but with even broader implications. The first nation to achieve practical quantum computing will
Raymond Chan
fundamentally destroy the frameworks established by classical computing over the past 80 years, leading to a complete overhaul of industries from cryptography to materials science.
Quantum computing's ability to process vast amounts of data at unprecedented speeds could lead to innovations that fundamentally change the technological landscape. For example, in drug discovery, quantum algorithms can simulate molecular interactions more accurately, accelerating the development of new therapies. This not only enhances public health but also positions nations as leaders in biotech innovation. A nation that successfully implements quantum computing can break existing encryption methods, revolutionizing cybersecurity and data protection. This capability not only provides a strategic advantage but also poses significant risks to global stability, as nations grapple with the potential for asymmetric power dynamics.
Looking ahead: The future of global competition
As we envision the future, it is evident that AI and quantum technology will increasingly dictate the dynamics of global power. Nations that achieve success in these transformative technologies will not only enhance their own capabilities but also redefine what it means to be a global superpower. As we stand on the brink of unprecedented change, it is crucial for us to recognize the significance of these advancements, empowering ourselves to take lead in a world where technological prowess equates to global dominance.
ABOUT RAYMOND CHAN
Raymond is a software engineer by profession with a track record in corporate innovation and entrepreneurship. He co-founded two prosperous startups, TGG Interactive and Global Gaming Group in USA and Asia respectively, where he served as director and CEO to lead the electronic gaming businesses from 2007 to 2018. Earlier in his career, Raymond was a founding member of the business intelligence team at ETRADE from Morgan Stanley and played a pivotal role in designing the TiVo customer intelligence system in Silicon Valley.
