The floating HUB Makoko, REVITALIZATION AND PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OF Makoko

The floating HUB Makoko REVITALIZATION AND PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AQUATIC COMMUNITY OF MAKOKO

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of built environment

Master of Architecture in University Putra Malaysia

By ONUOHA PETER UGOCHUKWU - GS54574 ARC 5004 : ARCHITECTURE STUDIO THESIS 2

The floating HUB Makoko

Fig. 1

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THE FLOAT CITY

Fig. 2

Aerial image of Makoko showing its water routes, canoes, and diverse architecture.

Photograph by Iwan Baan

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REPORT CONTENT Preface Acknowledgement

chapter 1 Introduction, background

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Chapter 2 Ideation and Context engagement

02

Chapter 3 Design generator & Design Development

03

Chapter 4 Design Resolution

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Chapter 5 Conclusion -Linking design resolution to ideation

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Appendix Reference

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` ABSTRACT This thesis explores and understand the causes of urbanization and its effects in the city of Lagos. theses effects which has led to illegal settlements in different parts of the city, Makoko floating community been one of the most popular illegal settlements is been seen by the government to be constituting an economic nuisance because it does not effectively utilize the water front of the Lagos Lagoon.

This thesis is aimed at proposing a communal third space that will Revitalize, create bonding, provide central collecting space for aquatic Makoko community, create a master plan that will integrate the water community with the mainland , Hence by doing these, their cultural heritage will be preserved. This is because a successful implementation of these measures with the use of the local available material will serve as a catalyst to achieve general acceptance of the community by the public and government of Lagos.

In other to establish a new solution that will revamp the city and seen a the beginning of a long awaiting bonding between the mainland community and the floating Makoko community, a central floating plaza is been proposed, it will facilitate the economic growth of the floating aquatic community . the new plaza is designed to respond to the surrounding context, it also adopts the existing cluster formation of structures in the city To integrate the mainland and the floating Makoko community together, training center, school and weekly markets is been introduce into the plaza to enhance bonding by both communities Finally, this proposal will also help in the provision of both formal and informal education to the Makoko community. it creates an avenue through which skills will be learned. these will help in preserving their cultural heritage and they will also be accepted by the government.

Key word: Urbanisation , illegal settlement, Revitalize, communal space, integrate .

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CONTENT PAGE Acknowledgments……………………...

Abstract …………………………………..

Table of Contents……………………….

List of Illustrations…………………………

CHAPTER 1……………………………….. background...........................................

Introduction………………………………

CHAPTER 2 ………………………………. thesis statement .................................... state of Makoko community ...............

Analysis of Makoko housing pattern… site location……………………………… site plan……………………………………

CHAPTER 3………………………………... case study ............................................. strategies ...............................................

The Proposal …......................................

CHAPTER 4 ………………………………. design development ...........................

Design resolution……………………….. detailed design ...................................

CHAPTER 5…………………

Conclusion……………………………….. reference and appendix………………

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere gratitude to God Almighty for the wisdom, knowledge and strength He gave me although this period of my design thesis project, In His Mercies He provided the things I needed.

My unreserved gratitude goes to my Mentors: AR Wan Sofiah Wan Ishak, Dr Wan Srihani Wan Mohamed, AR Kalsom Mohamad, AR Nor Hussain, AR Lok Wooi and AR Kee Yen for their assistance, guidance and for always being there for me, throughout this design process. Thank you so much mentors, it was such a privilege working with you all. I want to appreciate my other invited lecturers for the knowledge they all impacted in me during the interim critics, God bless you all.

To my wonderful classmates, I am grateful to have studied with you all. I would love to do it with you guys over and over again. To My very good friends Zeechan, Mahmood and Ashley thank you so much for your contribution in the course of Masters in Architecture. God bless you.

To my family, especially my beloved Mother, Mrs Benedeth Onuoha, My wife Mrs. chineye Onuoha and my daughter Onuoha Miracle. thank you so much for love, words of encouragement, your prayers, and your support; to my siblings and to all helped me in achieving this work. To all my wellwishers, thank you so much for your wishes, I wish you all the best in Life.

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CHAPTER 1……………………………….. background...........................................

Introduction………………………………

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CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND

Lagos, the capital city f Nigeria from 1914 to 1991, is Nigeria most populous city.

Nigeria is Africa’s most populated country. Lagos is Nigeria’s largest city. With total land mass of 1,171 km². Lagos is also the 4th largest economy in Africa.

The population of Lagos increases by approximately 600,000 each year. The Lagos State Government estimates the population of Lagos to be 14,368,000 in 2020 with growth rate of 3.28 % Over population and high cost of housing has been the problem in Lagos state.

Which has led to people moving to slums area to live.

Makoko community is endowed with a unique historical heritage, it is self sufficient fishing village. It has been in existence in the 18th century even before the Lagos state Government.

It habits foreigners from the neighboring country. each of the housing unit occupies about 6 to 10 people. 200,000 to 300,000 people taking this slum as their home Hard wood and scrap materials are used to build their houses. the wood is driven into deep water bed

Fig. 4

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HISTORY OF LAGOS STATE AND MAKOKO COMMUNITY. Below is some of the important time in the history of Lagos state and Makoko community.

Image showing the history of Lagos state and Makoko community.

THE FLOAT CITY

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Fig. 5

Aerial image of Makoko showing its water routes, canoes, and diverse architecture.

Photograph by Iwan Baan

INTRODUCTION The redevelopment and revitalization of slum area through considerate housing and spaces has been the main focus of modern architecture’s ideals since the start of the twentieth century. However, though modernism’s intention of improving lives through the urban and architectural betterment of living conditions is of course well-intentioned, most approaches that have been taken by architects, even when they have received the cooperation of governments and developers, have had extremely uneven results. The intention of this thesis project is inline with this, which is to revitalize the Makoko community and make it a better livable place. The city is currently living in a cluster form among few housing units but they lack a communal space to bond them more together.

Slum redevelopment plans historically involve a three-step process: the temporary relocation of residents, the total clearing out of the site, and the revitalization of the community to a more livable environment . The shortfall of this approach lies within the initial removal of about 98 houses unwillingly in the center of the community to build the central plaza and relocating them to other parts of the community away from their main cluster where they have been living for decades.

This thesis will propose a central collecting space that will revitalize the community, provide a central collecting space for the resident, promote bonding within the Makoko community and with the mainland community.

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CHAPTER 2.

• Thesis statement ..........................................

• State of Makoko community .....................

• Analysis of Makoko housing pattern……..

• Site location…………………………………...

• Site plan………………………………………..

CHAPTER 3 THESIS STATEMENT Over population in the area has led to poor living condition. There is need for a better living condition of resilient aquatic Makoko community and preserve their cultural heritage through provision of communal space.

PROBLEM STATEMENT Urbanization has been a challenge that is faced in Lagos city which has led to over population, poor living condition and illegal settlement has also been on increase.

ISSUE STATEMENT Makoko is know due to its unique environmental characteristics, and also by the means in which the dwellers have device means in which they live and service in the adverse environment. the total area that is occupied by the residence in Makoko can not be easily estimated because they continue to increase in population and they encroach and build into the water body, the dwellers in Makoko community ar said to be resilient. this is due to the fact that they have provide means of survival and ways to improvise for their needs. Makoko community is seen as an irony of a mega city like that of Lagos state. this is due to the unhygienic nature of the community in the city. it is a community where the dwellers live on the Lagoon belt in a very disgusting and irritating environment.

According to Kilani (2012), Makoko referred toas the "village in the city" can be seen as a community that s totally abandoned and neglected by the state government. The dwellers are lagging behind in terms of proper sanitation and hygiene, no basic amenities about 15 houses share a toilet. the waste water from latrine, kitchen and plastic waste are all disposed directly into the lagoon water. this contributes to the pungent smell that occurs in Makoko.

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Image of area view of Makoko showing the third mainland bridge

STATE OF MAKOKO COMMUNITY

Aerial image of the edge of Makoko, depicting the now destroyed Makoko floating school

by NLE Architects in the background Photograph by Iwan Baan

STATE OF MAKOKO COMMUNITY

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Image of a typical commercial building in Makoko Photograph by Iwan Baan

Image depicting typical monolithic canoes in Makoko with the Third Mainland bridge in the background Photograph by Iwan Baan

Image of the edge of Makoko depicting the high tension power lines Photograph

by Isaac D. Pacheco

LIFE IN MAKOKO

Image of hawkers in canoe in front of one of Makoko’s typical bamboo cladded buildings Photograph by Iwan Baan

THE HOUSES BUILT IN MAKOKO ARE LAGOS' CHEAPEST DWELLINGS.

THE HOUSES BUILT IN MAKOKO ARE LAGOS' CHEAPEST DWELLINGS.

Image showing one of the major economic means (mobile shops) in Makoko

Fig. 6 Map of Lagos locating Makoko and other coastal settlements, and showing the urban growth of Lagos from the 1900’s till the 2000’

Slums in Lagos Lagos Nigeria Lagos, Nigeria’s economic, and social capital, is home to approximately twenty-million people, and with an urbanization rate of 5% per annum and a 70% poverty level, its urban population is the largest of any low-income country second to India.1 Lagos is considered a megacity, and with the highest GDP in Africa, it is remarkable that it survives for decades on end without what the western world currently recognizes as standard infrastructural benefits.

A significant lack of an electrical supply and poor sanitation are two of the critical issues faced by its residents. With such infrastructural problems and its ever-expanding population, Lagos is a city that continues to grow rife with informal settlements. Lagos started of as a port city, originating on a group of smaller islands separated by creeks, which form the mouth of the Lagos Lagoon. Bordered on the North by Ogun State and on the south by the Atlantic Ocean, the majority of the city is enclosed by water. Lagos is a city that is simultaneously growing and decaying – its metropolitan area has been developed independently of city planning efforts, which has been defined by urbanist Matthew Gandy as “amorphous urbanism”.

In response to the rapid population growth, and in addition to the slums scattered through it, the city began seeing the rise of coastal settlements (Fig. 6.0). These settlements, though seemingly disorganized in nature, nearly always do in fact have logic and order to them as over the centuries they have established, and to some extent perfected, a system of development that aids in the survival of their communities.

In 2005, the Lagos state government established the Lagos State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (LASEEDS). This was aimed at redeveloping the city to a point where there are lower levels of poverty, more employment and wealth, and reorienting value systems.The intentions of this project, while good, have led to the government paying more attention to informal settlements, but not necessarily in a positive way. Rather than attempting to redevelop these shantytowns, the government has decided to get rid of them altogether, as most of their locations have been labeled as prime real estate.

The Lagos state government’s attempt to make the city a cleaner and safer place, even if only superficially, means that the visual presence of slums throughout the city is an afront to the government’s public image. With the Nigerian urban housing market primarily targeting high-income earners, actual slum redevelopment is not a government focus and instead mere slum clearance prevails. In the current sociopolitical situation of Lagos, enormous sectors of the Nigerian population are excluded from any formal housing provision.

Fig 7.0 Aerial map of Makoko showing the slum adjacent to the 10km long Third Mainland Bridge Image sourced from Makoko research document, NLE Architects, 2012

The Site Makoko: The worlds largest floating slum Makoko is a slum that has grown due to the housing shortage in Lagos. It is called, perhaps with cruel irony, the “African Venice” because all its structures sit on stilts above the Lagos Lagoon. The location of the slum (The Lagos lagoon) instantly sets it apart from most other slums as it provides a unique aquatic quality. Fishing is the major vocation in the community.

Generally, husbands and teenage sons would go out into the lagoon during the day to fsh. At the end of the day, whatever was caught would be brought back home for the wives and daughters to cook and/or sell, within and outside the community. Lumber sale is the secondary vocation of the slum dwellers. Logs are sawn and laid out on the water along the southern area of the community. The area has an abundance of Akoko trees (Newbouldia Laevis), its surrounding water was initially named “Omi Akoko” meaning “Akoko water”, but was later shortened to Makoko.

Most Lagos slums are owned by a private landowner, usually a family.

Makoko is owned by the Olaiya family. The family are residents of the slum who rule and oversee all the activities in the community. Seeing as the government is not involved in the community, police have no obligation to intervene in the activities of the slum. Protection is provided by local thugs known as “area boys”, who control everything from security to drug trade.

With the lack of government involvement, there is a major lack of basic amenities, which has lead to the current unsanitary state of the site.

Current Site Conditions: In 2012 the Lagos government came up with a plan to clear out Makoko to make room for possible developments on what is prime land. This has generally been unsuccessful as most of Makoko’s residents do not want to move elsewhere – fishing is their way of life and they all live there due to existing family ties. This is a problem for the government as other reasons for clearance of the slum included; The slums continued growth towards a hightension power line that supplies electricity to Victoria Island (One of the wealthiest neighborhoods in Lagos). Concerns about the shrinking of the Lagos Lagoon due to the piling of sawdust, waste and sand filling occurring in the community.

The surrounding water is not drinkable because of the waste dumped in it, so locals rely on boreholes or buy kegs of water from hawkers for about N20 Naira ($0.08 CAD). Some residents must travel as far as 3km to get to boreholes which pump fresh water but are charged by the bucket, while some collect rainwater and all water is recycled for cleaning and bathing

LAND

FLOATING COMMUNITY

LAGOON WATER

WOOD PROCESSING

LAND

LAND VS WATER

WOOD PROCESSING

FLOATING COMMUNITY LAGOON WATER THIRD MAINLAND BRIDGE

Fig 7.1 Figure ground map of Makoko showing the third mainland bridge, wood sawmill and land boundaries

Figure ground map of Makoko

Urban Area Growth: Makoko 1980’s to 2010’s

SOLID VS WATER

WATER GRID

Image showing the Demolished Buildings: July 2012

PARTIAL DEMOLISION IN 2012 In July 2012, more than 2000 people were made homeless due to the government issuing a 72 hrs notice on demolition exercise of the Makoko waterfront communities.

Image showing the Demolition of Buildings: July 2012

Demolition ongoing in Makoko 2012 The demolition was done to reduce the Increasing houses approach toward the third mainland bridge.

Demolition ongoing in Makoko 2012 The demolition on houses close to the ocean shore line

Image of the edge of Makoko showing the houses that was destroyed

Image of the edge of Makoko showing the stilts of houses that were destroyed by the Lagos State government Photograph by Iwan Baan

ANALYSIS OF MAKOKO HOUSING PATTERN IN MAKOKO

INDIVIDUAL HOME INDIVIDUALLY.

WITH RECTANGULAR FLOOR PLANS FACING ONE DIRECTION

(TEND TO FORM A BONDING)

YET COLLECTIVELY IN CLUSTER

CIRCULATION IS BY CANOES

LOGICAL SEPARATION IS MAINTAINED BETWEEN EACH HOME

THE SHORTER END OF EACH HOME IS ORIENTATED IN THE OPTIMAL EAST-WEST DIRECTION - MINIMIZING SOLAR HEAT GAIN. THE TERRACE IS GENERALLY IN THE SHADED NORTH..

THROUGH GENERATIONS OF TRIAL AND ERROR, NEIGHBORS ARE IN ALIGNMENT

EXISTING HOUSE TYPOLOGY There are quite a few housing typology in Makoko community , majority of the houses lacks Verandah,

EXISTING HOUSE TYPOLOGY

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES The main economic activities are Fishing, salt making, wood transport, sand dredging, sawmills, firewood, the women help to process and sell the fish.

SAND DREDGING FISHING

Fishing has been their Major profession.

They learn fishing from childhood

KIDSFISHING

SAWMILL

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SKILL LEARNING

sand dredging by residence, the sand is used for construction in the neighboring houses outside the community

MOBILE STORE

THE MEN ENGAGE IN SAND DREDGING

FISH SMOKING

SECTION THROUGH THE SITE DURING HIGH TIDE

SECTION THROUGH THE SITE DURING LOW TIDE

The population distribution analysis shows that majority of the Makoko residence is mainly foreigners from neighboring countries.

They have migrated and have been living there from the 18th century.

SITE LOCATION SITE AND CONTEXT 3.1 SITE SELECTION: Site is located in the coast of Lagos mainland. Makoko slum is the river side of Lagos settlement that is located within YABA local Government area of Lagos state. Makoko being a slum that is encroaches toward the lagoon water front from the mainland. it connects the lagoon and the mainland. in its northern part is the University of Lagos and iyawa, while at its west, it is bounded by EBUTE-META, at the south by the third mainland bride and at the east by the Lagos Lagoon.

The site is located at the middle of the Makoko floating community, it is at the center of the community. It locates at the center note along the main primary water ways. It also connects other parts of the community through secondary walkways.

Area with the biggest potential was selected for the project, it is located at the middle of the floating community. It connects to the major primary water ways.

• • •

it serves as the main node to the community it is accessible from other part of the water community it connects the primary water ways from other parts of the community.

SITE LOCATION

SITE

The site has the primary water ways cutting through it , residence passes through it in their canoe and makes. This primary water ways will be retained into the design.

Also, within the site is about 89 buildings, they are formed in clusters and units. The clusters are usually in smaller units. They have secondary water ways in between them.

The site accommodates about 89 well clustered houses.

SITE PLAN The site plan encompasses the surrounding building clusters and the relationship connecting it with the selected site. Also the primary water ways which is linked to the site and also passes through the site there by divide the site into two. Within the site, we have the following space programs and spaces. They include: school spaces, office spaces, Training center spaces, Retail store, sea food restaurant, fish processing center and central gathering spot at the center of the plaza. All the building spaces are designed to be focused and directed to the center of the center of the water spaces.

Site plan showing the spaces facing toward the center court yard.

SITE PLAN Site plan showing the water relationship between the building and the site, the water separating the site into 2 sections. And also ways in which the separated site was connected through the bridge.

The site plan showing the water ways separating the site and the connection between the site through bridge.

CHAPTER 3. case study ............................................. strategies ...............................................

The Proposal …......................................

CHAPTER 3 CASE STUDY 1: VIETNAM: AMPHIBIATION IN THE MEKONG RIVER DELTA

Typical Mekong housing along a flooded rice field

Nao’s house located in An Giang Province, prior to being retrofitted to become amphibious The use of floating barrels was used here to respond to The rise in ocean water level during rise in ocean water. It drops when the water level reduces. This was adopted for the design of the proposed Makoko community plaza walkways and some of the building spaces as a strategy to respond to the water level rise.

Nao’s house after retrofitting

Nao’s house retrofitted and floating during 2018 seasonal monsoon flooding

CASE STUDY 2: THE FLOATING PAVILION, VENICE, The structure is a replica of the Makoko Floating School designed in Lagos by the Nigerian architect Kunlé Adeyemi (b. 1976), In Venice, the floating pavilion accommodates an exhibition, entitled Waterfront Atlas

Structure been Anchored to silt

The floating mechanism was also adopted in the design of the floating pavilion in Venice, in the case the structure is been anchored towards the metallic stilt which is drilled into the ocean water bed. To enable the building to be firm into the water without moving or been blown away by wind.

CASE STUDY 3 MAKOKO FLOATING SCHOOL STRUCTURE BY ARCHITECT KUNLÉ ADEYEMI

Floating school in Makoko

The floating Makoko school was also done with the plastic barrel. But it was not anchored to a stilt , it was fully floating , this made it not to be able to respond to the harsh weather condition .

CASE STUDY 4

A FLOATING MUSIC HUB, ANCHORED OFF THE COAST OF CAPE VERDE

Structure been Anchored to stilt

Construction is underway on a floating music ‘village’ off the island of São Vicente in Cape Verde that will host music events and performances. The trio of prefabricated A-frame structures is designed by Amsterdam-Lagos firm NLÉ and Kunlé Adeyemi, who previously created the Makoko Floating School in Lagos.

The Mindelo bay project is slated for completion in winter, with the vessels housing a multipurpose performance hall, recording studio and bar, anchored around a floating public plaza.

Practice principal Kunlé Adeyemi says the project will throw a spotlight on the significance of music in Cape Verde, its rich cultural history and its natural environment.

CASE STUDY 5 OVER BOARD: SINK OR SKATE ON THIS AMAZING FLOATING RAMP Skateboarding pro Bob Burnquist got the opportunity to build the ramp in 2013 when Visit California worked with Miami art director Jerry Blohm, Burnquist created a wooden structure on a floating base, featuring a half pipe, a quarter pipe and a 45-degree ramp.

The fact that it sits entirely upon the surface of the water is part of what makes it seem so unreal. It’s built on a steel frame with weighted riggers that keep it from moving around too much in the water. It took 300 man hours and 1,250 screws to finish the 7,300-pound structure.

sculptural wooden ramp floating on the crystalline waters of Lake Tahoe.

CASE STUDY 6 Khlong Hae Floating Market : is a floating market in Thailand regarded as the first and only floating market in the southern Thailand. It is located in Tambon Khlong Hae, Amphoe Hat Yai, Songkhla Province opposite Wat Khlong Hae. The traders here will dress in Thai retro costumes and there are many food choices including local food, Thai food and Muslim food. The another unique thing of this market is using eco-friendly food containers such as coconut shell, bamboo tube, and earthen pot rather than using foam or plastic containers.

This floating market is considered unique from different markets in other regions of Thailand, as there are many cultures, Buddhist Thais and Muslims.

The market operates on Friday to Sunday including public holidays at 01.00 pm until about 09.00 pm. Most visitors are foreigners such as Indonesians, Malaysians, Singaporeans than Thais.

Khlong Hae Floating Market : is a floating market in Thailand

STRATEGY 1: Use of floating plastic barrel In other to respond to the unpleasant building appearance Around the site, the floating vegetation is used to Improve the ambiance of the site. Plastic Floating mechanism that responds to the rise in Water level by floating during high tide seasons and Settles to meet the base stud during low tide.

Amphibious architecture is an alternative flood mitigation strategy that allows an otherwise ordinary structure to float on the surface of rising floodwater rather than succumb to inundation.

It allows the building to float as high as necessary when flooding occurs. It is a flood mitigation strategy that works in synchrony with a flood prone region's natural cycles of flooding,

image showing the plastic barrel floating mechanism with green vegetation to improve the environmental views

Light weight trees

vegetation

Floating walkway platform

Plastic barrel

STRATEGY 2. CLUSTER PATTERN FORMATION Makoko community are built in clusters Of various sizes, the dwellers are used to Living and gathering in smaller units. This units clusters inspires the proposed Plaza design.

Plaza is designed into smaller clusters to Allow people gather in smaller units which is The culture of the Makoko community. They residents are used to living in smaller cluster and units.

Image showing various cluster sizes in Makoko community, the each cluster consist of number of houses living together.

THE PROPOSAL DESIGN GENERATOR : CLUSTER OF SPACES Fish farm, Fish processing

Retail restaurant

3 BUILDING CLUSTERS The programs are converted into 3 rational building volumes

FLOWS AND ARRIVAL The volume are shaped to create clear arrivals and connections while responding to the existing water ways

Training center School

THE FAÇADE LINES The volumes are rotated to adapt to the site surroundings

ATRIUM BUILDING The volumes are hollowed out to create atriums and connecting indoor space to the outside

DESIGN GENERATOR : CLUSTER OF SPACES Fish farm, Fish processing

Retail restaurant

3 CLUSTERS Each having individual identity and service program

SYNERGIES All the facilities are interconnected via the central shared space alone the water ways

Training center School

INSIDE – OUT The cluster building open up to the surrounding plaza spaces and a shared Environment inward

Zones Different urban spaces are created along the shared waterways with a common central courtyard

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT DESIGN GENERATOR : CLUSTER OF SPACES MASSING 1: The massing was generated through the cluster formation in 5 units, with a central one been the focus. Each units has a specific function

Makoko area view showing cluster of units

Site showing cluster of space functions

Site massing showing the cluster of the spaces.

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Floating walkways

Image showing the cluster of spaces for the school, with Floating farm in the center.

Internal Lobby area

EDUCATION: Lack of adequate educational facilities provides an opportunity for new learning structures based on community needs.

External Lobby area

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT MASSING 3 Massing showing the area view of the proposed Makoko community. The school cluster, training center, retain stores cluster, fishing and restaurant cluster

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT MASSING 4 The clusters are divided into smaller units and forms to reduce the weight of each units. The reduction in weight will help it adapt to the surrounding and weather condition in Makoko. With will also help in the stability to the water.

• • •

Divide the buildings into smaller units / forms Reduce the building mass weight Increase stability

Massing building cluster divided into smaller units

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT The proposed floor plan showing the direction of views towards the Central plaza. In responds to the unpleasant surrounding views.

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Ground floor plan program 1 – class/ sch 2 – office 3 – Training center 4- Retail store 5 – Restaurant 6 – fish processing 7 –central gathering spot

Ground floor plan

CHAPTER 4 ………………………………. design development ...........................

Design resolution……………………….. detailed design ...................................

CHAPTER 4 : Design resolution

CHAPTER 4 : Design resolution URBAN FARMING: as a means of providing food and improving the floating community economy

The first floor is mainly used For urban farming, it creates avenue For the school kids in the Makoko Community to learn how to Farm, it will also provide vegetables and Food for the residents.

Design resolution KIDS CLASS ROOM :

The class rooms are naturally ventilated and lightened to respond to The issue of lack of electricity in the community, the school kids will Enjoy natural lighten and ventilation into their class rooms due to the open design of walls and wall top of their classes .

Image showing propose classroom for the kids in Makoko proposed plaza school.

DESIGN RESOLUTION CHILDREN CLASSROOM: The classroom space for the children in Makoko community whom are above the age of 7 are shown in the image below, it is also characterized by the naturally lightened and ventilated wall spaces this enable the school pupils to feel the Natural lights and ventilation into the class interior spaces.

Image showing children classroom for the proposed Makoko floating plaza school.

DESIGN RESOLUTION URBAN FLOATING FARM: the proposed floating urban farm located within the school cluster space in the plaza will provide avenue for food and vegetable in the community, promote economic growth and also create an avenue for the school kids to learn farming in their school

Image showing the floating farm in the Proposed Makoko floating plaza

DESIGN RESOLUTION BOAT REPAIR / NET WEAVING TRAINING CENTER The boat repair center located in the proposed plaza will help to create employment, provide avenue for informal learning of skill for both people at the floating community and for people at the mainland. It is designed to respond the seasonal change in sea water rise, the structure will partially rise with the change in water level during high tide and will lower when the water level drops.

LOW TIDE

LOW TIDE

FLOATING WALKWAYS

Plastic barrels

Image showing training center

DESIGN RESOLUTION HIGH TIDE: The training center responding to the rise in water level, part of the structure behind will tend to lift up by the plastic barrel, there by floating and lifting the structure upward.

HIGH TIDE

DESIGN RESOLUTION MAKOKO MOBILE SHOPS MARKET The proposed floating market in the plaza will help to revitalize the community, create bonding within the residence, bond the community together with the mainland community, it will also bust the economic activities DAMNOENSADUAK FLOATING MARKET BANGKOK

Makoko mobile shops

KHLONG HAE FLOATING MARKET

DESIGN RESOLUTION PROPOSED SWIMMING POOL water being part of essential living of Makoko resident, the kids learn swimming in the contaminated water , providing a hygienic swimming pool area for the kids could help to revitalize the community

proposed swimming pool at the plaza

DESIGN RESOLUTION RETAIL STORES The proposed retail stores are along the primary water ways that cut across the site and divides the site into 2. even though it divides the site , the use of pedestrian bridge is used to connect the site together. The passer by in the community can stop by through canoe to buy some thing either from their canoe or they can come out to buy , then they can proceed with their canoe.

This can help in resolving the issues of mobile marker because the resident will now know where they can go within the community to buy what they needed rather than them waiting at their homes for each canoe to pass

Proposed Retail store shops along the primary water ways

DESIGN RESOLUTION FIRST FLOOR PLAN The first floor is mainly for urban farming, school kids gathering and relaxation spot for the school cluster section. While it accommodates the fish drying , smoking and processing activities in the Fish processing area . Also the dinning activities is been done at the first floor of the restaurant section.

URBAN FARM: The urban farm creates an avenue for kids to learn how to farm, it also help to respond to the need of vegetable demand in the Makoko community

Image showing the urban farm at the first floor

URBAN FARM

Image showing the urban farm at the first floor

SEA FOOD RESTAURANT The first floor plan for the restaurant is open to sky to enhance visibility but due to the sun intensity in Lagos and Makoko, retractable sunshade device was introduced at the upper floor to reduce the sun heat.

image showing the first floor view of the sea food restaurant

DESIGN RESOLUTION FISH PROCESSING / DRYING The processed fish drying area serves as area where the processed fish are dried and preserved for consumption, it is naturally done through the direct sunlight . The butterfly roof design will help to allow large sun rays to fall into the drying area

Image showing fish drying area.

DESIGN RESOLUTION FISH PROCESSING CENTER , RESTAURANT AND FISH FARM : The section show the fish processing area and the sea food restaurant , behind it is Located the fish farm, where these areas clearly show, how the fish is cultured , processed and consumed by the Resident and the community at large.

Image showing the cluster section containing the fish processing area and the sea food restaurant

FISH PROCESSING AREA

Image showing floating ground floor of the fish processing unit, the upper floor Is fixed to the wooden stilt. While the ground floor is floating with the plastic barrel.

SEA FOOD RESTAURANT

Image showing the main entrance to the sea food restaurant

AREA VIEW OF THE PROPOSED PAZA

Image showing The area view of the plaza.

Exploded 3 D diagram for the sea food restaurant

150 X200 WOODEN STILT

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EXPLODED DIAGRAM FOR THE TRAINING CENTER

image showing the exploded diagram for the training center l structure

EXPLODED DIAGRAM FOR THE SEA FOOD RESTAURANT

Image showing the exploded diagram for the school structure

SECTION A:

PROPOSED MAKOKO PLAZA PERSPECTIVE VIEW

SUMMARY This Proposed design has helped in actualisation of this aim and objectives for this thesis. It met with the aim by proposing a communal space that revitalize the community, the plaza created bonding among the residence and serves as a means of integrating the mainland community with that of the Makoko community . It also serves as a central collecting space in the aquatic Makoko community. the plaza design, will serve as a catalyst to bring orderliness to the community. The proposed activities in the plaza will help in preserving their cultural heritage