Bellwether 22 | Winter 1987

ellwethe

University of Pennsylvania

A New Intensive Care Facility

djacent to the C. Mahlon Kline Centc:r at the New Bolton Center campus of the l.niver-.ity of Pennsyl\.ama School of Veterinary Medicine, a new building b nearing completion. The 11,000 square-foot structure. the Connelly Intensive CareUnit and the Grtham French Neonatal Section. is the fir::.t free-standtngbu1ldmg spccilically designed for theintensivecare of Large animal!>.

The butldmg. more thnn five year:. mthe planning stages, is a state-of-the-art f<tciltty designed solely for the care of critically ill large animals. ''For many year!> wehave provided intensive care for critically ill patienL'>... said Dr Wilham Donawick, Mark Whittier amiLilaGrh.woh.lAllam,Profc,'isMufSurgery. "But it had tobegl\•cn in our regular ho..,pital hamc;.making it difficult tor tht r101"'"�stJf,.·md the dinki:ms, because theseillltnliJis\\Crchou-.c.•d 10 thtfcrenthu1ldings. Recogniz.ingthe ::.f'l!'-•al necus of equine neonates. \\e receruly installed a -.mall. temporaryneona!al unit in one of the barm. Thtl. new bu1lding will greatly enhance and e'\pand our abiht} tot."arc for the cn!ically ill adult!>and foals in one central location."

More than 1.000 cnucally 111 patient:. Y>cre seen at the George D. Widener Hospual for Larg�; Anunals last year. Most were hor-.e'>. reflecting tl'tat close to 80-90 percent of the pauenL.<> here are cqume: hO\Itcvcr. among the a.nitnah rcquinng aotcn!>JVe care there were a number of bovines. Some patient.!.. !>uch as horses "'ith colic. require only a short intensivec-.tre period. 24 to 72 hou�. while others mimals with fractures, botulism. laminitis, and other severe medical conditions. may require st.ay" ranging from a few day to months in length.

''Intensive care of large ammu.ls has become feasible with the development of trained nursing s.t.aff;' said Dr. Doonwid.. "Round-the-clock nursing care and new methods of treatment have increru.ecl the chances of survival." Nowhere is this more cv1dcnt than in equine pediaLric . a relatively new field. "We now can save many of the cntJcally ill neonates," said Dr. Wendy Vaala. lecw.rer in medicine. ·•we have used a high frequenC) ventilator for premature aoimabto upport foals that cannot breath on their own, such as premature foals and foals v.ith botulism. With the development of totalparenteral nutr1tion. cnucatly ill neonates canbe fedimrnvenou.sly for as long a necessary." Dr. Vaala explamed lhallbe current<;mallneonaralunit cared for �2foal in 1987�1o11t ofthe.-.c werepremature, �even had botuli:.m.eight had:.epticcmia. and four \\ere ·'dumm) . (neonatal malaJUStment syndrome)foals. "Our ability tocare forcriticaJiy ill neonates willbe Improved1n the Graham French Neonatal Section; the fucility will be larger and we will be able to operate more efficiently."

"Connected to the C. Mahlon Kline Onhopedic and Rehabilitation Center. this new building will greatly aid inthe care the School can provide for cntically ill animals.'' said Dr. Donawick. "We will be able

to move such an amm.n.l by monorail from tbe operating Lheater d1rectly to the door of its-;tall in the new building Animals Lhat require recovery from an�thes1a in the pool can alc;o be movedby monora.1l to thetr �tails, and the rever� trip can be made by arumals requiring water therapy in the pool.''

The fac1lity is div1ded into two units, Surgical/ Medical lntcnsive Care for adults (SMJCU) andNeonatal lntcnsrvc Care for foaLs and other young animals (NICU). SMICU has six staJI�:.and NICU bas five stalls, two of whicharcspecially destgned tobe

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From the Dean

It's an exciting rimefor veterinary medicine in general aJul our School in panicular. As I assume che Deanship. 1 will be evaluating our direction over the mu1 several years. Our unique position as a school of leadership places on us an added burden of responsibility. Our peer institutions and biomedical science at farge will look to us and thefuture direction we chart.

Our new administrative strucrure has been defined and recruitment of key individuals is well unden\'ay. With a new organization in place, we canfocus our attemion on thefuture and begin a longrange planning process.

The era of "agricultural medicine"is upon us and we must look to the imegrcztion of our basic science and clinical disciplines to fully optimize our programs of education, research, and service in this critically imponant area. J#? nwst consider how better to rake advantage of our unique geographklocation in close proximiry to rich agricultural interests, dynamic healrh care industries, and emrepreneurial biomedical research.

We will be enhancing our mission as an educational institution \>\'here our primary focus must be on the student, our raison

New Appointments

DeanEdwinJ.Andrew!>hasappointedDr. Oanjel Cohen associatedean for research.and Dr. CharlesD. Newton hasbeennamed direcrorofrecruitment.

James F. Wilson, D.V.M..J.D..joinedtheSchoolas actingmedicaldirectorofYHUP. Dr.Wilson.a graduateofIowaStateUniversity VeterinarySchool, holdsalawdegreefromUCLA. For l3 yearshehas beenasmallanimalpractitionerintheSanFrancisco Bayarea;bealsotaughtlawandethtcsandbusiness managementcoursesattheUniversityofCalifornia Veterinary SchoolatDavis.

Dr.WilsonISnostrangertoPenn.Hevh.itedlastyear toteachinlheprofessional foundationscourseandto workinlhedermatologydepartment asa spcciaJjstin smallanimalcarproblems. Currenuy, Dr. Wilsonisat VHUPthreedaysa \\--eekandservesasactingmedical director.Thepositionmaydevelopintoafull-timepositioninthespringafterhehascompletedhisbookon Ia"'andethicsinveterinary medicine,anin--depthtextbookaboutlegalareashavinganimpactonlhe profession.

Inthlsnewlycreatedposition.Dr.Wilsonsupervises themedicalservices atYHUP.theclinicalpathology labonuory.pharmacyandmedicalrecords.a:.wellas deahng withdeci.�ionspertainingtolhcpurchaseof equipment.Thenew!)(>:.ilionwillhelp VTlUPtofurther upgrademedicalcare toclientSandincreasetheefficiency with which such careis delivered.He willalso teacha coursein veterinary businessmanagementand parucipatein theprof�siooalfoundatio�course.

Mr. BruceA. RappoporthasjoinedtheSchool'sstaff asdirectorof theGeorgeD.WtdenerHospital forLarge AmmalsatlheNewBoltonCentercampus.Mr. Rappoport.aresident ofThroersville. NJ. hasbeen a hospitaladministrator formorethanten years. Priorto conungroNew Bolton,heheldthepositionofexecutive vace-presadentandchtefoperating officerat Lourdes Ancallary Services. Inc.. Collingswood, NJ.Previously. heservedasseniorvice-presidentatOur udy of LourdesMedicalCenter.a 384-bed teachinghospitalin Camden,NJ. Beforecoming toNewJcr..ey,Mr. Rappoportheld admmistrative positionsinhospitalsin Florida.HegradWlted fromOhioSaneUniversit) and rece1vedanM.H.A.degreefromGeorgeWashingwn Univel'sity.Washington.D.C.

Mr. Rappoportwantstoimprovecommunications withclients.particularly intheadministrativearea. Clientsareencouraged tocallhimwithcomments. suggestions,andcomplaintsregardingthehO!>pitars operation.Hecanbereachedbycalling(215)444-5800.

d'etre. ier the research and service traditions of the School must not suffer as we balance our direction and thrust.

1 am enthused by the tremendous pOLential before us. My visionfor thefuture is that of the School itself-iT is boundless.

� have the strength of a foundation provided by D1: Mark Allam and Dr. Bob Marshak, coupled with an outstanding faculty, the highest quality stuclents. and generous supporri\'efriends.

!look forward ro working with you all as my rpartners in progress."

-EdwinJ. Andrews, V.M.D., Ph.D.

Jeffrey P.Roberts, appointedassistantdean for developmentandplanning. isresponsibleforSchoolwideactivities10development.�trc1tegicplanning, communications.andconstructionmanagement.

Amongthemanyhnts hewears.Mr Roberts.tohi' DC\\lyestablishedposition.isreorganiZingand'ttrenglhcningthedevelopmentoffice. creatinganofticeof communication:.. constructionmanagement.and managingthecompletionof theSecond Century Fund. Mr.RobertsarrivesatlheSchool wilh asetofvery unusualqualificatiOn!..Hegraduated fromtheUniversit)ofRochester.receivedanM.A.inAmerican History fromTempleUruversityandcompletedPh.D. coun,e\\:orkinUrbanHtstory andGeograpb).He helpedorganizea consultingcompany thatspecialized inarchitecture, history.nndlandusc. In additionto scrvmgasameteorologistintheU.S.Navy.Mr. Robertswascurator/historianattheAtwaterKent Mu:.cum.Philadelphia.Prior tohi�>jmninglheVetennarySchool.Mr.Robcnswasdirectorofdevelopment atlhcMorrisAboretum ofLhe Umversity ofPennsylvania.wherehemanagedsuccessfully theaborreum·s firstcapitalc�mpa1gn. Beyondbhprofessionalinterests. hehabserved on theboardsofseveralPhiladelphia culturalinstitutions.

BruceA. Rappoport.

Jeffre) R.Roberts.

What Killed the Dolphins? 0

an) sea.,horevacations this summer were marred by beach polluLJon. and people grewfearfulwhen unusuall} large numbers ofdead dolphins were washed ashore. "The Manne Mammal Stranding Center in Brigantine. NJ. reponed60+ dead dolphins." said Dr. William Medway. professor of clinicallaboratory medicineat the Umvcrsjty ofPennsyhania School of Veterinary Medicine. ''Many were badl) decomposed andhadbeen multilated b) l>harlc..'' MedY.ay. whohas worked wtth martnc mammals stnce 1962.asembled a team here at Penn in aneffort todetermmcwh)dolphins \\"ere dymg m such large number!> "Drs. Tomvan Winkle, VirgmiaPierce. Matt1e Hcndnck,Gail Heyer. and Igot together to cooperate with Bob Schoelkopf. director of the Marine Mumma! Stranding Center. Tt wal>a voluntary effort on our part"

Schoelkopf would contact Dr. Medwciy wheneverhe had ncwl)' deadanimals. and theLearn \\'OU!dtravel to Brigantmc to perform necropsies. Most ofthedolphins weretoo badly decompoed or mutilated to draw 1.:onclu�tOnl> The break carnein earl) August whena recent!) deaddolphin was washed al>hore. "Thedolphin lookedsepticemiCand it had a number ofskin lesions:· srud Or. Medway. ··we took tisue samplesand sent some to the USDA Laboratoryat Amc!i. LA. Jbr funher study. Ihadahunchthatwe might bedealing with a Vibrio infectton and requested that cultures for Vibrio be done. Many came back po�1tive."

Vihr111. a gmup of bact�ria arr founrlin rhrocean. n1crenrcanumb..r otspecies: I. lllgmoi\11CII\ and �� lulnifi<�o.ueknO\\n to causedi,.C.t�cand. in:-.orne l'aSCS. deu.thin people. ··In 1979. weisolated k algiflnlwi<:usfrom the blood andorgans of a dead

AtlBntic Y.hite- ideddolphin:· �aidDr. Medway. 'This antmal had acurenecrotizing hepautisand acute focal bronchopn\!umonia" Many of thedolphins washed ashore tn New Jersey showed �igns of pneumonia.

Vibrio bacteriaflourishduring t.hesummermonths with

thehighe�t concentrations durtng July and August, the period whenmost of the dolphin deuth!l occurred along theNew Jer�ey coast.

''It has been reportedthat people who hud cuL-; or other openwound••have become til wnh tnfec· t1ons afterbathtngifltheocea.o:·.,,udDr. Medway

"ThedolphLOs weeurnined.and those seenb}sctcnebewhere.allhadskin lesions. The lesion!> were typrcalof dolphin pox. a virus diseasefirst identified in dolphin� inthe late seventies. Usually the disease is benignandthe mortality rate is low." Researchers believe thatpox ombreaksin dolphim are related to Mres!. and thegeneral health of the animals. It was found. tbr example,in one aquarium that the animals

Inclusionbodyinthecell oftlssue�mu\ed froma dead dolphin.Theinclusionbodyist!l'idenceof dolphinpox.

showed stgns ofpoxonly whenbeing movedto another tank at t.heend of the season. "Wedon't know whether t.he dolphms aJong the Atlantic coast were stressed. But we do know that water conditionshave changed. The Gulf Streamhal>come closer to land. changing Ute habitat area of tnshore dolphtns. Wehave also noticed an apparent increaseintheshark population. which rrught put pressure on the dolphms. In additton. therers thepollution whichhas greatly increat-ed. All these faciO� could account for theoutbreak of pox amongthe dolphtns."

Dr. Medway explained that pox!&ions provide the Vibrioorganjsmswithan ideal acce11s tot.hedolphin's system. "Thedolphins could get infected and lbcn develop general septicemia and die:· One other clue that po1nl!> to Vibrinis that thenumber ofdead dolphins hasdecreased dramatically smcetheend of August io NC\\Jer-;ey waters: ocean water temperature drops at the endof ..ummcr.

Trying todetermine the causco., ofdeath of the dolphms i�not easy. asthe researchers can only work withdead animals. "Dolphins arc protectedunder the Marine Mammal Protection Act. and it 1s prohibited to catch a livedolphin andthen kill it to !>tudyit. One of our grnduates.Dr.J. R. Geraci. a marinemammal spccildi 1 fromGuelphUniversity. Canada, didget pernw;siontocollect blood sample:. from dolphins. This wasdone with thehelp of the Navy olftheVirginia coast."

Dr. Medwaybelieves that Vibnotnlectton:-killedlhc dolpht� ·'But at this pointwednnot know why the organism affected the animals in such a futul wa)this year. Were thedolphin!> weakened hy the poA. or was thereanother factor inaddition to poxdistase,c;uch3l> pollution? OnJy further study will tell."

LesionsonUtejaw ora deaddolphin.

Treatment of Brain Tumors

otilrecently.thedmgnosu.ofa braintumorinadogorcatmeant thatnothtngcouldbedone to preventthediseasefromtakingils course. Butthatisslowly ��rn:�nung.Veterinarians111teaching msotution:.areborTO\vtngfrom humanmedicineandaretreaungbraintumorsinsmall animalsagrcssively.

"Wearetakingthehumanprotocolandareadapting tt to ourpatient!>.'' saidDr. BetsyDayreii-Hart.a neurologistandlecturerinmedicineattheUn1versityof PennsylvaniaSchoolofVeterinary Medicine. "Human mcdtcinetsmoreexperiencedwuhthetreatmentof braintumon;,andatVHUPwefrequentlycnnsuhwith neurologists fromChildren'sHospit.alwhenweare constderingsurgerytoremoveabraintumor."

Clmiciam.atVHUPperfunnuboutsixbrainsurgeries ondogsandcabannually.··usuallysuchsurgery i!>josr oneclementofthetreatment.''saidDr. Dayrdi-Hart. "Mostoftheanimalsalsorequirechemotherapyor radiationtreatmentorbothtoreduceoreliminatethe tumor. Thedifferentspecialtiescooperateclo elyin thesecomplexcases•·

Treatmentisnotundertakenlightly."Thetoppriority isthequalityuflifetheanimalwillhaveafter tremment.''shesaid. "Will itbeabletofunctionnormally withoutpainandwillitslifebeextendedbyaSlgnificuntperiod'!Wemustalsocon!>idertheowners. Brain tumortreatmentrequiresacommitment, financtallyand mterm�oftim<.>andemotion,duringtheanimal'!> recuperationperiod. Manytrips10thevetcnnarinnare neededforfollow-uptreatment,andtheownersmay havetoputupwithtemporarylossoftr.umngand meomestmpa1redotherfunctionsinthepel. Aud then,despitealltheseefforts, treatmentisnmalwnys successful.However. eachanimal wetreatteachesus somethingnew,enablingustogoastep furtherwiththe nextcase."

Cindy,a six-year-old bullmastiff, isarecentpatientof Dr.Dayreii-Han.Shehadlymphomaofthebrain and underwentsurgery.chemotherapy, andmdiation therapy.Dr.DayrelJ-Hanfil".tmetCindyearlyone Wcdnesda)murnmginApnl.Cindyhadbeenadmirted toVHUPwiths1gnsof severeneurologicd1sease...She wasblindinherrigbreye.wasconfusedundkept circling,eventhoughshehadtroublewalking."

FromthehistoryprovidedbyJoAnnDuane.Cindy's owner.Dr OayreU-HanknewthatCindyhut!been healthyuntiltwoweeksprior"henshe�udtfenl)' showedsignsofdepresstonandf.1iling vhiion. Testshad ruledoutinfectiousdiseasesundpoisoning ttl> reasons forthesymptom�.

Cindyreceivedathoroughphyl)tcalandthen<1CT scantodeterminethecauseofhertrouble�. "Thephysicalexamsssttllmostimponuntmneumlogu;casesas it allows ustodeterminebrainfunctionandhelpsto pin-pointtheaffectedarea,"shesntd. '"Additionally,the canthenhelpstopreciselylocatethetroubledarea. anditprovidesvisualimage�ofthechange�inthe brain.''Cindy'!iscanshowednninflammatoryareaover theleftsideofherbrain. ·•wetreatedand tnbilizedher andsentherhomewithantibioticsandother mc:llkauon:o..'·

Shortlythereafter.Cindyhad-;eizureswhichtncreased iniruensicy."WetookherbacktoPenn."saidMs. Duarte.A'>econdcrscanrevealedamasswhschhad formedintheleftsideofthebruin. and atshowedthat theentirebrainhadshiftedintheskullcasedueto pressure.

''"Weknewthatwehadtoperformsurgerytorelieve thepressureor�cwould.osethedog," saidDr. Dayrell-Hart. "Wealsow:mted a biopsytodetermine thenature of themass:· Aftertherisksoftheprocedure werediscussed, Ms. Duarteoptedfortheprocedure.

"Brainwrgenesaredtfficuhoperation andtakealot ofplanning because thebrainISsodelicateanddoesnot tolerate chang� well,"saidOr.Da)'rcll-Han Oneof thebiggestdangersisbleeding. andsurgeonshavetobe verycarefultoavoidbloodvessel!.tominimize bleeding.''Thephysicalex.unandtheCTscanhelpus locaietheaffectedarea,anuwecanthendeterminehow toapproachthe urgery."lnCmdy'scasett,va.,n'tclear whethersurgerycouldevenhelpherduetotheshtfting ofthebruin."Inpeople,thisconditionisusually fatal."

nupshotofCind�.

allyacquireourownset." Bruinsurgery requires 1>pecialanestheticsandmonitoringdcvJccstoensure thatthebmindoesnot swell duringsurgery "Ittakes quiteabitofpreparationonourpantocoordmatesuch urgeI')•,"�tdDr. Da}rell-Hnn. "Thennc.,the....iateam IScrucialtothesuccessofthesurgery. Dt KimN. Olsenheadedthisteam.Cindywasingoodphysical condttionund relativelyyoungcomparedwithour pre"iousp3t1Cnt5.Soshe"�a'good' risk."

Onthedayofthe urgcry·.thedog'shead.:tndneck \llcrcshaved Alongincisionwa.•·made'>n,J.mand musclescouldbepeeledbad "WetT)'\Cr)h<H'C:I10not damagethemusclesandn�.:rvcssotbeanimalcanhave anormalnppt uranccaftersurgery." Thebramofalarge dog is aboutthl:siT..eofanucJult'sfist. InCindy'scase, almosthalfnfthhmass"a�affectedb�thegrowth. "Wedrilledan1clrel- azeh\>lctorelievethepressure andtopcrlorm a biopsy.Thetumorloc:lltonwassuch thatwecouldn'tremowmuchofthetumor."During surgery.apathologiststoodbytoexamtnetheussuc samplestodeterminethetypeofrumor "Itwasa puzzleandonlylaterwerethetissues Identifiedasa lymphoidtumor.anextrem¢lyrareconditionwhen11is onlyinthebrain."Thesurgtry did notgo�moothly. Thetumorhodogreatnumber of arteriessupplyingit withbloodandtherewas muchbleedmg. "Wehadto uscsuctiontoremovethebloodandelectrocauteC) to closesomeoftheblood vcl>sels. Some�c!l'eclamped withmetalclamp whicharestillinCihdy'shead."

Whenthedogwokeupfromanesthesia,.;hegotup andwalkedovertoherfoodbowltoeat. "Thepressure hadbeenrelievedandtheholeinherc;J..ullprovided continuedrelief:·saidDr Han.''Themusclemass overtheopcnmgwas!>Uflic1entJythicktoprotectthe brainfromexternalinjury."

"Wevisitedherafewday�afterthesurgery and couldn'tbelievethatsheW'.l.'>upandaround;· aidMl. Duane "Ofcour.e,shewa.,notoutofthe"'ood as1t wasexplamedtousthatshehadalympbosdtumorm herbruinandthat radiationthcmpy andchemotherapy wereneededtoshrinktheremuinjngtumor. Weopted forthetreatmentasweareextremelyattachedtothe dogand\\antedhertogetwellagain.''

CT-scan,pretreatment. Arrcrn indicatetumor.

AneurosurgeonfromChildren'sHo:>pital(CHOP) tookgreatimcn:stinthecaseandwnspre!>cnlduring theoperationtoofferadvice. "Wehaveacloserelatioo-;hipwiththespecialisb3tCHOP.andthe)provideu" withthedelicateinsrrument.sneededforthastypeof surgery. Ourinl'trument<>arelarger;wehope10eventu-

..PrimaryI)mphomasinthebrainareveryrarein dogsandwhentheyoccurmpeople. theyareoften fatal," saidOr.Dayrell-Han "Usuallythesegrowths are secondarytoatumorelsewhere. WecheckedCindyand cnuldnotlindany evidenceoflymphoma anywheret:Jse undconcludedthatthegrowthtnherbrainprobably waspTimury.''

Thedog wus referred toOr. AnnJcglum• .rnoncologistattheSchoolwhodevisedatreatmentplanto

shrin� or chmm:He the tumor. Cind} received a 6ve-day intu�ion of chemotherapy drugs. A course of radiauon treatment lasting longer than a month wru. also prcscnbcd. Thil> was admimstered by Dr. Sydney Evan�.

A!>her treatment had to be performed at VHUP, Cindy became a regular resident. "We vtsited her once a week a.\ we live three hours away," said Ms. Duane. "TI1edog \\US cheerful and eemcd plca!.oo 10!>ee u!>. Sheobviously knew all the nurses and her way around the w.trd. She ...eemed quite comfortable duringher stay and\\a\ not frenmg or whining when \\-e left."

Cindy �>tajed at VHUP for eight weeks. "Whenshe left. many l>taffmembers carne to �a}' 'Good B)e'," said �h Duane "It wasquite emotional and I never c"<pectcd the concernall these people showed for our dog." Cindy 1:.home now and her hair is gmwing back. Shewn� scm home with twocoursesofchemotherapy which arc bctng administered by her v..::tcnnanan.Her blood I!> bcmg monitored weekly to catch any adve�e ciTcct-,quick.()...Our veterinanan ha<. worked clo ely wuhthe '>pt."(:talis�at Penn. and getting the follow-up tre:umentsat h1s office has made 11 cas1er lor u1o:·

Recently.Candy returnedto VHUP for anotherCT scan. lt showed no evtdence of the tumor "We are elated:· --atd M!>. Duarte. "The dog ·�her old M:lf, her memory ha.-. rerurned. and :.he can do her obedience cxcn:i-.cs. She actslike a three-year-old We are even lhml-..ing about taking her into the show ring again in the veteran'scla<>s!"

Cindy 1'\ not the norm. ''Sheis a lot younger than our otherbr:un :surgerypatient�>:' said Dr. Dayreli-Han "Mo::.t of the cats and dogs we operate on are much older and nota.o; goodrisk£. But \\Cha\c had n good

rote of succe�... Most frequent!}. surgery h.justpartof the trcarment. a.'>inthe caseof Cindy. animal� often aho reccave chemotherapy and mdiation trcaunenL "We have some patients which were treated for braintumors threeyearsago; there are others who lived only another yearlonger.But with eachpatient we learnmore.and this helps the next case:· said Dr. Dayreii-Han. "We ask the owner:. tobring the animal back if it is failing. If IIhas tobe euthanized, we do it here and then conduct an autopsy.This helps us CV'.J.luate the treatment and ascertain the changesin thebrain Owne�"'> dogo along with lhiba:.theyrealizetbat th11> knowledge wiU help another animal."

When M�.Duane wasasl.:ed whether <;he wouldhave anotherdog treatedshould the problem ever arise again, she said that �he didn't know. "Cindy is pecial to us and we wanted to do anything to save her. But it was an emotionally draining experience and I don't know whether I could tace that again, the worry, the shock seeing her with her head Shaved. and the concern as to whether she might be suffering. It is hard."

Dr Dayrell-Hart and her colleagues are cautiously opttm1st1cabout Cindy'sprognosis. ··wethink thatit 'ii.'3S a primary lymphoma. Blood and bone marrow tests show noevidence of other rumors:· Neurosurgery in small animals is a new field, and each case contributes to the knowledge. "Weare fonunate io that we have the different specialists here andthephysician� from CHOP. Without all these people. a case likeCindy's couldnot have been treated here."

Dr Dayrell-Han graduated from Penn in 1983. She completed her residency in neurology here l:u.t year and wa., appointed a lccwrerin medicine.

•

tn

Inherited Immunodeficiency rish Setters

Ten )Cars ago. a syndrome chard.Cterized by recurrent bacterial infections and veryhigh white blood cell counl.':i was reported in youngIrish setters. Their white bloodcells were apparently unable to kill bacteria. But the molecular defect has only recently been elucidared by researcherl> atthe School of Veterinary Medicine of the Umvcn.ll} of Pennsylvania.

Over the last two yean.. Dr. Urs Giger, assistant profe.,\nr of medicine and medicaJ genetics, and Dr. Mark A. Bronstem (V73). a practitioner in Ardmore, PA. have been treating an inbred Irish o;euer cross whachhas chronic recurrent bacterial infections. Since a fewweeks of age. the dog has had a variety of infecliom,.including skin, gum and bone infection!>. pneumon1a. and recently pyometra. Theyappeared poorly responsiveto antibiotics. the only treatment presentlyav:tilnble ..lntereslingly. the white blood cell or lcukc:x.)te count of this dog was alwa} incredably high. bein�at times over 200.000:· said Dr. Giger. "Such leukocyte counts are generally onl) seen tn dogs wuh leul-..cmia. The:.e leukOC)1C�> were obviously unable tofight any infection. although they appeared morphologicallynormaland were present in large numbers:·

Dr.Giger amihis collaborator�. therefore, studied the functton ofthese leukocytes and found that they had <liminiJ>hedcapabilityofadhering to any surfuce becauseadhei>ion-promotingproteins on theircell surtiu:.e were JtUs!>tng. "The prcx:ess of adhesion h vital mthefunction ofleukocytesandincludes cell adber-

\-\hitcbloodcelladhesiontoplasticsurface;cell'>from control d�adherereadil)and�readon'!Urface(left), whereas(e\\ cellsfrnmtheaffected dog an: ndbering (ri�ht).

ence toblood vessel walls. cell migration to the site of infection. and binding of bacteria.'' explained Dr. Giger. ··our patient's leukocytes remained in the blood stream because they were unable to tmvel to the infected tissue andkaU bacteria:·

Basedon data of limited functional and monoclonal antibody �tud1e�from related dogs. th1�disorder appears autosomal recessive mherited and occurs rarely in the lri h seuer breed. A leukocyte adhesion defect

similar to thedisorderin this dog has alsobeen reponed in children with recurrent infections.

Dr. Gigerpresented theresults of these studies at the National Meeting of the American Society of Hematology in San Francisco. The leukOC)te adhesion deficiency in Irish seners is only one of the inherited immunodeficiency syndromes recognized and investigntoo in dogs by members of the Secuon of Medical Genet1cs here at the School.

CT-scan,posttreatment.

Porcine Ovarian Cysts

ightprofitmarginsarethenorm inagriculruralindustry.andany factordecreastngproductioncan mal..cthedifferencebetween realiz.rlgaprolitorjust breaJungeven. Farmersra1sing pig!>tbrslaughterex�'Ctasow toproducesixormorelittersoverherlifetime. But8 to 10pcu:entofsows haveapoorproductionrecorddue to cysticov-.tries.lmtially,lhcseanimal�have normal first orsecondlitteJ".andthen.insteadofshovnngan increaseInliners11..e.thenumberofpiglers decreases: thean1malexhibitsirregularestrusornoestrusatall. TheanimaliscullcJfromtheherdandthefarmer beg111sanewwith areplacement.hopingthatitwillnot developcysticOVl:tries.Thedisorder.curablew1th hormonetherapy incows,isnortreatableinpig�. ..Cysticovaryd1seaseis seen inoneform oranolher inallmammals." saidDr Gbolagadc0.Babalolaofthe University ofPcnnsylv.:tniuSchoolofVeterinaryMedicine. "It isgenerullybelievedthat cysts arise inthe swineovarie_..followingfailureofthefollicles10rupture andovulate.andthatthis failureisprobably dueto inappropriategonadotropin�timulntion:·Theinteractionsofhormon�duringthereproductivecycleare complex.andDr Babalolais studyingthelevelsoften l>teroidhormones inthefollicles ofpig�>aspanofthe effontudeterminethemechanismcausingcysticovary ilisea.\C.

Thefolliclehouse the femalegameteand nuurishes itthroughtheproductionoffollicular·teroidsandother factors Thesegrowthfactors. steroids andother compounds,in111m.arenecessary fornormaldevelopmentandmaturat1onoftheovarianfollicles. Follicles gothroughseveralstagespriortomaturationandovulationwhcutheovumisreleased. Followingovulation thefolliclebecomesacorpus luteum. agland'"htch producesmainly progesterone.ahormoneneededto maintainpregnancy.Thestagesoffolliclematuration arecontrolledb)hormones·someofthese are pi'OOuced bytht:pitujtaryglandandothersongmareintheovanan follicles. Acompleteinterplayofhormonalactionexist.., betweentheovarianandpitullaryhormones.

Dr. Babalolai'>�tudymgthe steroidhormoneproduction<."apacity11fovarianfollicles. "Asaneces!>ory first step instudying\.')'Stic follicles.wehadtoestablbh normal hormonal levelsinhealthyfoilicles." Dr.Babalolasatd. "Itwas basicreseaR:hbutnecessaryto identifyanyhormonalabn()rmaJirie. ., mthecystic follicles." Pigs,duringeachreproductivecycle.produce anumberofova It is not unusual tofindcysticand health}follicle...,inthesameanimaL

Prcv1ously. steroidhormonelevel!.in healthyand cysticswineovarieshavenotbeencompletely characterized. ln Dr. Babalola's proJCCI. 10steroidhormones present 10theOV'.uianfollicles of sowsweremeasured bymuh1ple, sunultaneous radioimmunoassaytechniques.The hormones were: pregnenolone.. progesterone.20a-dihydroprogesterone, 17athydroxyprogestemne.androstenedione.5adihydrotestostcrone, dchydroepiandrosterone. teStosterone.esterone.andestradiol-17/l These·teroi� represent three majorgn1upsofgonadal(reproductive organ)steroids-progesuns. androgens. andestrogens. "Weobtainedtheovariesfromp1gs slaughteredata Philadelphiaslaughterhou.-.e.Theywereremovedfrom thecarcasswithinonehourofslaughter,cooledand takenhacktothelaboratory forexamination."Ovaries fromanimals wh1chhadcycledatleastoncewere studtedtodetermtncthe nonual levelsoften!!.tcroid hormones inhealthyfollicles. "Wee�inedtheovaries andassignedthemtofunctionalphasesoftheestrous cycle."hesaid. "It wasdividedintothelutealand follicular phases.eachsubd1v1ded intoearl}.mid,and lateslliges.andovulatory stageovaries Thesizeof nom111lfollicles w-<llidetenninedandthenthefollicular fluid wasasptratcdandpooledforeachanimal.The fluid�usthenpreparedforradioimmunoassayand analyLedforthetensterotds."

Dr. BabalolafoundthattheprogcMeroneconcentration in folliclesintheearlyfollicularphasewas significantly higherthaninthoseinthemidorlate luteal stages. Heal<;ofoundthatotherprogestin were present in significantlyhigherconccnlr.ltions inthelate follicularsragcsthan inthenudluteal or themidfollicularstages. Androgen.\.anothergroupofl>lero1d hom1ones,werelowduringtheearlystagel>ofthe OV'<lriancycle, butduring themidandlatefollicular stages,thereW'.tSadramatic tncrease 10thelevelof three androgen�. Estrogens.;hovcdthe samepatternas androgens.

"Wefoundsignificantly \owerlevels ofall androgens andestrogen.'>andlowerlevelsofprogesUn!\inmru]atoryfollicles.buttheprogestindecreasewasless dramatic thanthatofandrogensandestrogens. Al ovulntion. steroidsdeclinedsignificantly. Progestin levelsdeclined45to70percent,andandrogensand estrogenswerereducedbymorethan90percent.ltW"db

alsofoundthat20a-dihydmprogesteronedidnm decrease:rather,itwas significantlyelevated.Thls aspect ofourfindingisofimportanceasili-;ofpoten· LialappJjcabillty a!>ovulationpredictor"

Oncedatawerecompiled forsterotdhormonele\''Cis i:nhealthy tbllicles.thesameproces�'vasfollowedto collectthis informationfort-ysticlollicles. ''We rounda distinct steroidogenicaberrauoninthecysttcovarian follicles."hesaid. '"Thiswa"characterizedbyexcessive levelsofprogcMcroneandoprofounddeficJencyof androgensandC\trogens. Allhoughprogesteronewas the major proge tinfound inallfollicles. itonl} accounted for 20to50percentof.til steroidsmeasured inhealth) foll1cles. Incontral>t.97percentofthesteroid concentrationsincystic follicles W'.tSprogesterone. Furthermore,thesumofallandrogensandestrogens madeupless than0.2 percentofall steroids measured inthecystic follicles. a proportion whichwas foundto behighlysignificantlydifferentwhencomparedtothe 10�rcentfound wtthinthelow levelcontrolsmall follicles."

Dr. Babalolaexplainedthatvartoussteroidhormones areformedin folliclesbyenzymeacuvit). "ltappears that theenzymestransformingprogesterone into

androgensandestrogens arcdefectiveinL')'�tic follicles."Atthjs point.iti:!oootknown\\hetht!rthe.,e e01ym� defectsleadtothe development ofc.:yMsor whetherthet-)'St!>causethiscondilion. Funher tudies arcneeded. Currently.Or.Babalolais measuringthese enzymes intheussuesofcysticfollicles,and itappears thattheenzymedeficiencyexist!. inthettssue.o;,also. Dr. Babalola'sstudiesuresupportedbya USDA Formula Fund. Dr. Bablolil �agreut interest in reproduction. Herec..:ei\edhis vcterilllll)degrct: from theUniversityofibadan. Niger1a, an 1978andbegan teachingatthatuniversityin 198010 theDepartmentof SurgeryandReproduction intheFacultyofVcterinaf) Med1cine. In 1983.hecametoPenntostudySUJEery. HeisoowamemberoftheGraduateGmupof ComparativeMedicalScience�attheUniver-.ityandis workingIOWlirdhi Ph.D.Hisprojectonthe.,tudyol porcmecysticovaries L<;underthedirectionofDr. BernardB. Shapiro,associateprofessorofbtochemtstry andbiology.

"Thi:.workhus rele\"Jnce forme. Pork1s animportantsourceofanimaJprotem inmanypansnfthe world."'he sa1d. "Itisamajorfoc.xlsource111the southernpanofmycountry. Perh<tps wecan fmdthe cau,cofthed1seaseand thendevelopatreatmentto prevent thelo�>sesmcurredbythl:.disorder:· WhenDr. Bubalolacompleteshis studies. hewillbethefirst veterinarianfromNigeriatoreceivea Ph.D.degree fromtheUmven.ityofPennsylvanm

Research Continues into Colic Causes

noneofmanyrecentdlfficuJttelephone conversations,lattemptedtoconsolean owner "Iamsorrybutthereisnohopefor survival.Perhapsifwehadbeenableto operateearlier. . . ...Soendedthelifeofa nine-year-oldthoroughbredbroodmare. succumbingtoacompleteLargecolontorsion.

Thewordcoliccancausemildpanicinhorsemen. Deathsfromcolicarecausedbyanumberofdiseases. rangingfrominflammationoftheintestinaltract(enteritis)tothemorecommonabdomina]accidents. includingtorsionsanddisplacements.Colicisthe numberonecauseofdeathinhores. Infuct.arecent informalsurveyofthreeequineinsuranceadjusters indicatedthatmortalitydaimsduetocolic may outnumberdeathsfromothercausesasmuchastwOto threetimes.Certainly,millionsofdollarsarelostannuallyduetocolic.

Arecentoverviewofcoliccasespresentedtothe GeorgeD.WidenerHospimJtorLargeAnima1satthe NewBohonCentercampusoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofVeterinaryMedJcioerevealedan increaseinthenumberofhorsesadmittedforcolicdue toproblemsassociatedwiththelargeintestine.Consequently,ooeaspectofcolicresearchatNewBolton Centerhasfocusedonstudyingmoti}jtyinthemajor components of thelargeintestine,thelargecolon,and cecum.

Abrieflookattheanatomyofthelargecolonreveals thatMotherNaturehasnotbeenkindtothehorse.Only asmallportionofthecolonisattachedtothehorse's body wall.leavingapprorimately 12to l5feetofthe bottom (ventral) and top (dorsal) colons free to move andcwislonrhemo;eJves.

Afe� bangcfrombaytolushpastureoraheaV} parasiteload.therefOre, mayheenoughtocausea changeinthemovementsofthecolon.calledmotility, which may resultintheaccumulationoffeedmaterial orgas.Gasdistensionoftheventralordorsa]colons cancauserotationortorsion,mostcommonlyina clockwisedirection.re!.ultinglnblockageoftheblood supply,irreversibleshockand.inamatterofhours, death.Oneparticularlydeadlyfom1ofcolic.knownas largecolontorsionorvolvuJus.occursfrequentlyin broodmaresaroundfoa1ingtune.

ResearchatPenn'sSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineon thenormalmotilityoflhelargecolonandcecumhas ledrotheidentificationofapossible'·electrical pacemaker"areainthe waJIofthececum.The pacemaker,wanderingoveran8-toL2-inchareaofthe cecalwall.generatesthisimportantmotilitypattern whichenablesdigestedfoodtoleavethececumand emertheventra1colon.Thismotilitypattern,ormotor event.isacoordinatedseriesofintestinalmuscular contractionswhichactuallyforcesfoodmateria]from Lhececalbodyaroundthebaseandintotheventral colon

Thehorse'slargeintestineiscomposedofthececum (A) 811dtheventral{B)anddorsal(C)colons.Thecolonis onlyattachedinasmallarea{D)tothedorsal bodywall andcanf.reelyrotate(arrow)ifimpactedordistendedwith gas.Anelectricalpacemakerarea(shaded)hasbeenidentifiedinlbececalbody(A').

Abruptfeedchangesordamagetothececalvessels duetobloodworm, Strongylus vulgaris, may interrupt thepacemakerandsloworstopmovementoffeedmaterialfromthececum. Researchersthinkthatthe impon.antmotilitypatterncontinuesaroundtheventral colontothepelvicflexureregionandmayberesponsibleforthemovementoffoodmateria]inthecolonas well.

Theeffectsof!herapeuticagentsonmotiliryofthe cecumandthecolonalsomustbethoroughlyinvestigated.lnpreliminarystudJesatNewBoltonCenter. onesuchagent,knownasneostigmine,hasshowna poteotia1forstimulatingorincreasingthemotilityofthe cecumandcolon.StudJesalsorevealed lhat another drug,xylazine(Rompun),oftenusedasasedativewhen treatinghorseswithcolic.actuallysloweddownor stoppedintestina1motilityforupto 30 or 45 minutes.

BasedonresultsofthesestudJes,newsurgicalprocedureshavebeendevelopedatNewBoltonCenterfor horseswithcecalimpactions.Forinstance.inone procedureknownascecocolicanastomosis,anew channeliscreatedforimpactedfoodmaterialtoexitthe cecum.Fourteenofthe 16horsespresentedtoPenn's WidenerHospita1withcecalimpactionshavebeen successfullytreatedwiththisprocedure.Previous modesoftreatmentfortheproblemhaveresultedina

successrateofapproximately50 percent.Dependingon theavailabilityoffunding,futureresearchatPenn's NewBoltonCentercampusisplannedtodeterminelhe changesinmo@tycausedbygestationandfowngand howmanagementchangesmightpreventfatallarge colonproblems.

Untilmoreisknownaboutnormallargeintestina1 motilityandtheeffectSofvariouscondJtionsonit,what canhorsemendotopreventfiltalcolic?Avoidanceof abruptdietchangesandmaintenanceofanexcellent overall pamsite control program (including reduction of exposuretoparasitesandtimelyadministrationof dewormingmedications)appeartobehelpful.

Recognitionofseriousformsofcolicinahorse. however,iscriticaltotheanima1'schancesforsurvival. Forinstance,horseswhichshowcontinuousorsevere abdominalpainaremorelikelytohavelife-threatening problems.Othersignsofamoresevereformofcolic includeelevationoftheheartorpulseratefromthe normaJ40beatsperminute,anincreasedrespiratory rate,sweating,blanchingorreddenlogoftl1emucous membranes,andincreasedcapillaryrefiULimeand dehydration.Horseswithlargecolontorsionmayshow theabovesignsasweUasabdomina]dJstensionor bloatingandreducedintestinalsoundsheardby listeningwithastethoscope.Whenanyofthesesigns areevident,immediateveterinaryassistanceshouldbe sought.

-Michael W. Ross, D.V.M.. lecturer in surgery.

Editor's note: V1is articlefirs! appeared in the DaJly RacingFom1. August /0, 1987.

Correction of a Congenital Defect in a Calf

eterinarwnsattheUniversityof PennsylvaniaSchoolofVeterina.ry Medicinercccollycorrecteda congeniUII defectinacalf. "Oreo. a blackund whiteHolstein-Friesian calf. wnsadmittedcomatosetothe George D. WidenerHospital for LargeAnimalsattheNewBoltonCentercampus:· said Dr. Johanna Reimer. resident in medicine. ·'Thecalf wasotherwisenormalin sizeand weight,and theonly previousiUnessoccurredthreedays priortoadmission.. The 10-week--oldcalfpre�cntedquiteadiagnostic challenge.and it wus treatedultimately notonly by New Bolton Centercliniciansbutalsobyclirucians from VHUP and from Children'" Hospital in Philadelphia.

Onadmission. atentatiVedtagno:�isofviralencephaliti wasmade. The calfwastreatedand\\i(hin t\110 hou� itstoodup.butwus uncoordinated tntbehindquartersanddrnggcd Itsrearleg�.Overthenextfew days1timproved,although itdtdexhibu inrermittem eptsodesofdepressiOn,stupor.grindingofteeth. and tenesmus.

S1�teenday::.after hospitalit.atton.thecalfappeared normal but ··a fewdayslater 11suddenlybe<.-ameataJtic again.exh1bitedtenesmus andWd.l>depressed," saidDr. Reimer. "Wehad previously momtored routine liver enzymeacuvity, and ithadbeen normaL but in viewof Lherecurringclinicalsign!>wehad torecons1deradiagnosisofencephalopathy,a brain disordercausedby malfunctionofLhehvcr. More tcsu. wereperformedand it wasfoundthat theblood ammonia level and serum bilecontentswereveryelevated. Inviewofthese results, utentallvcdiagnosisofapon.usystemicshunt (avenousshuntbetweenthehepatic veinandtheportal vein whichdivertsbloodaroundtheliverbefuredetoxificatiOn)wnsmade."

A liverbiopsy waspcrlonncdand noabnormalities were found.Thenextdiagno tictoolemployedwas ult1"3.!>onography whtchrevealedashunt"eo;sel between theportal vemandthecaudal venacava.compatible withpatentductuc;venosus. "lnlhefetus. theponal veinandthevenacavaareconnected byabloodvessel,'' srud Dr. Reimer. ·'Thisbypasse!'.theliver. butnormally itclosesearly inlife. Ifclosuredocsnotoccur. ubstancessuch asammonmandbilearenot filtered fromtheblood bytheliverandtheammal becomesill anddies. Thedefecthasbeendiagnosedindogs.ca�. andoneothercalf."

Furthertestswereneededtodeterminetheextentand locationofthe shunt. While arrangements weremadeto havethesetestsperformedat VHUP,thecalfwasmaintainedona lowproteindiet. It appeared normal. although itc;blood ammonialevel waselevated. At VHUP, mesenteric portogrnphywn:.performed. "The animal w.tsanesthetized and an incision wns madein theright flank."!-atdDr Reimer. "Theliverwas

normal insizeandappear.mce. A cntheter. inserted into aninte!>tinal vein.\\aspa�sed intotheportalvein. Contra'>lmatenalwa�inJectedand radiographswere takenasthematerialenteredtheenlarged portal vein andthenwentintothecaudalvenacavathroughapatent ducmsvenosus. The diagnosis ofapatentductus venosuswasconfirmed."

Thecalfwasmaintainedonalow proteindiet with small frequent lecding&whileclinicianstriedtodetermine acourseoftreatment. Occasionalepisodesof depression, inappeutncc. bruJusmand tenesmus

tissue With luck. u:lppe.tred po��ibletoenc1rclethe shuntwith ligature.!>and ticofftheduelus. Ultrasonog· raphyduring the'urgeryconlirmed that complete occlusion had beenachieve(!.

Thecalfrecovered. andthn duysnitertheoperat1on thebloodammonialevel w.t�closetonormal. The animul wasgradually returnedtounormal diet. The calfi�>now back homeand expected to livea normal life. Because thistypeofcongenitaldefect appearstobe uncommon. it isunlikelythat 1t i:o.nn inheritable condition.

"Theincidenceof!o-Uchanomal1tie'> m the bovineis notknown:· stud Dr. Reimer. "The} maybedtfficuJLto diagno�>eclinically orat po�t mortem, liverenzymes mn}be nonnal andcliOJcal "'gn'mayvary.

Portosystcmic..hunt�'houlll l'l\!consillcrctl in caJ\es withvagueneurolog��.·"llrt\, tcnc,mu!:>. Jepre">sion or stuntedgrowthonceothercommlln cau'>esofneurolog�c diseaseand poorgtO\\th huH�been ruledout."She pointedout that theahiht} to perform ultraS<.mograph) andconu·ast radtography 1:.essential when surgtcal correctionofporto\yl>tcnrk'>hunt">j-,allempted. 'j6Jso, wewerefurtunalc10thattheductu'veno�uswa!'. IOC'.ttedclo�etothe'iUrfacc, minimizingsurgical damagetothe liver."

P-atent ductus \1:110u!t.

occurred, butthese resolved spontaneously within one tothreedays. A pediatric specmlist with an interest in congenitaldefects wasconsulted. Dr. Henry Wagner. professorofpediatricsatChildren's Hospital. PhiladeJptua.agreedtoa<.SIM inan attempttoclosethe.shunt withanumbrella-typedcvic.."C.Tluecmonthsafterthe calfbadbeen admiucd, 11 '"asagalllanesthetized for surgery. Acatheterwaspassed mtotheductusvenosus withtheaidoffluoroscopyand ultrasonography. Another cathetercontainingtheocclusiondevtce. was passedthroughajugular'einintothecaudalvenacava to lheopenjngofthe ductusvenosus. The twocatheters werejoined togct11ertoenablethecathetercontaining theumbreiJatobepulled intotheductus venosus. The umbrella-likevessel occluucrwith hooksto secure ir in placewasopenedandau.achcdtothe·hunt vessel wall. ParTialocclusionoccurred. thesecuringhookspulled freefromapartofLhevesselwall.

Thebloodammonia level�>and hilc acidsremained elevated butwereimproved. Blood o;till flowedthrough the ductus venosustoward the caudal venacava. Thecalfcontinuedtogrow. althoughaftersix monthsof age. itsheight uttd weightbeganto fall belowexpected values. Atthis point, becausetheanimalweighedover 500 pounds. fluoroscopy und rJdiographicconLraSt studiel>could not beperformedwnh ava1lablcequipment. Surgery wasperformedby Dr. William Donawick. MarkWhittier and LilaGriswoldAllam Professorof Surgery. toO\'\Cssthesituationandto attempttodoethe�huntwith ligature�>. He \\llSassisletlby Dr. Henf) Wag11erandby Dr.John Stremple fromtheUmversit) ofPittsburgh School ofMed1cine. Acatheter wa� mserted rntotheductus venosus to foctliuucidentificationoftheshunL Thewrgeon"examinedrheliverand founditsmall hutnormal Theductu-.veno!.u w.tsclo:-;e tothesurface oftheorgan anc.J \\IllSonly partially encirded by liver Oreo.

SheeJ.plaioed that the fuilurcoltheocclw;ion device wasprobablyduetn rts inadequatedimensions. One mu�t rememberthatsuchdevicesaredesigned for human�>andthlllhlmKI vc�scls in largeanimalsare bigger. Althuughthediameterorthecalr!:>shuntwas determined tobe at lcru.t2.0em by ultrnsonograph1c tcehntques. an anemptwasmadeto utilizethedeviceas it might have been-.ufficJc(lt While this tcchruque did notwork forOreo. the ligation techniquewali::.uccesMul und thecliniciansat N�:w Bulh>n Center wLre ablew

P.alenLductu::.\enu:.usuflerligutlon.

demonstrate thatsuchdefectscan be corrected in large animuls.

Thecooperationofclin1c1ans fromdifferent hospitals atPennsavedOreo\ life. demonl>trutingtbm veterinary med1cine and human medicineurenot that furapart. Theclinicians from VHUPwereDn�. Jeffrc) Wortman andGen Niebauer Inadd1t10ntoDr. Rc1mcrandDr. Donawtdc from ewBoltonCemerCampus,Drs. VirginiaReefand rhomnsD1vtr.alS<.JhelpedOreo.

Bulldog Sleep Studies

Ahnlld"gh:h��.cinl appenl fl.; \hM1. broadhead.wrinkles. heavy neck. stockybody.and rollinggait all connoteasturd), quiet. deliberate compumon.Butthesecharacterisucs alsocreatehealth problemsforthe bulldog. as itsphysical staturepre disposes it tobreathingtroubles.

Dr.JoanC. Hendricks. us'<h.Umt professt�rofmedicmcatthe Univcrsit)'ofPcnnsylvamaSchool of Vetennary Med1c1ne. isswdyingthe re:.pirationof bulldogsdunng,Jeep. "Bulldogssnore and they usually sleep a lotduringthed:t)." �hesa1d. ''In people. these �igns c:�n 1ndicatesleepapnea,adisorderwherethe pen-onperiodicallyceasestohreatheduringsleep. \\e ha\lee:wmincdquitea numl'ICr�lf bulldogsandfound thatthe}.too. hll\Capnenepisode�·· Dr. Hendricks e1tphnnedthatbulldogsJonotnocessunlyhawa nnrrow tracheabut. lrequentl).theyhave eKces<. tissue inthesoftpalate.trcu. Thesephy�ical s)mptomsare :.baredb).peoplev.ith'>h.:epapnea. "Whenapnea sufferers'>lel!p the mu�h;stn thebackofthethroat rela1tandtheussuesthere�:ancollapseandob�truct breathing. ThtscreatesJtremendou'\loadonthe diaphmm"hich must workagutnst theserestrictions."

Sleepapnea ismostcommon 10 men. Often,theyare overwe1ght The1rneck!-tenc.ltobe:-.hortand thjck. and inmanycasestheupperairways�trenarrowed. Snoring iscommonand brealhmgmay stop several ttmesduring sleep. Blood oxygen dropsIC\dangerou:;ly low levels and ISrestoredtonormal only when breathing resumes. Apneasufferersareusuallytiredwhentheywakeupin themorning. Dr. HcnciricJ..�hn5measuredtheoxygen contentnftheblll(l(J0fhulldogsJurmgapnea Intervals and foundth.11 rhl:.bhi()(J01t)t;l!n �atur.tllundropsto70 to80peTcent. withover90percentbeingthenormal value.

ft ts knownthatpeople "ithsleepapnea frequently

Where are the Phi Zeta members?

PhtZeta.anhonoral')�OClcty promotingacademic CJ�ccUencein research in vetc1marymedicine islooking for 1tsmemberc; "EachyearaboutJSstudentsare inductedintotheBernChapterofPhi Zetahereat Lhe School:· srud Dr. Joan Hcndncks (V'79). current presidentofthe group. "Yetourrecordsshowonly abom 60 dues-paying membersatthistime. TecbnlcaJiy.once Jnducted.aperson ISalifetime member. Modestduesof $5annuallyarcrequested to help defray eKpeoses for thea�..tivlliesofthechapter. ObvJou:.Jy, a lotofpeople have been droppedbecauseofnon-paymentofdues. We wouldlike���reach themundencouragethemtobecome active10 Phi Zet.'lagam."

Eachfall. the BetaChapter pon orsawweand ..:heesereception lor frCJ>hmcntoacquamlthemwiththe honorary 'iOCietyandpmgramssuchasAquavetandthe V.M.D.-Ph.O progrum�oattheSchool Thegroupalso encoumg� studentstoengage10rese<�ochandeachyear callsfurpaper ba<.edon rcse.�rchdoneb)studerus. -\ facult)commmee..elect'>papers�uitubleforpresenllition andstudentSgive.! 1.5-mmute presenllltiun in Marchdunng PluZeta Day Thecommitteealso elects first-andsecond·pnzcwmners.andcashprize.'>and plaquesareaw.,rn.Jcd. Therearctwocategories in the competition, oneforstudentsintheV.M.O. program andoneforthose in thecombine\!progrnm.

In addition 10theseactivltlc�. biannual meetingsare held Thegroup!>ponsorsadmner forthe inductees eachyear.Jumorl\tudents 11'1 thetop 10 percentoftheir

havecardiova..cularpmblems mdmanysufferfmm hypenension andabnonnalhcnnrhythm. Dr.Hendricks is tryingtodl!terminewhetherthe!-Csignsalsooccur in bulldog!. In the study. lht:airtluwi<. measuredduring inhahngandexhaling Thenbclommal involvement 111 breathmg is alsomeasuredandtheheart rhythm is monitored. Themeasuringdevicesare contained in stretchbelts whichareputaround thedog Thedogs sleep in acageandare filmed withuvideocamera. ..Bulldogsgotosleep 10tenminuteswhereas other dogs needday"togc::r usedt<)thelaboratoryseuing." shesaid.

Formany years. vetermarysurgeons have triedto alleviate breathing problems in dogsbyclipping thesoft palate. It is not known whetherthishelpsto reducethe apneaepisodes indogs. In people'uchsurgery.and surgerytoredut:enthcrohstrueti\'etisl.Ue!> in thenose andlamyx, istlfhelpttla�utSOpercentofthepatients.

"Wedon'tknowwhethertheeKtcnSI\'Csoftpalateand theotherexcc!!.s tissue 10thenoseandthroatarethere

classareeligible formembership.and seniorstudents in thetop 25 percentofthecla;;squalify.

·we'-'OU!dltkeourmemberstosupportPhiZetaso wecancontinuetooffertheChapter's acuvities." said Dr Hendricks. "Wehavedeclaredanamnesty.andall thati'lneededtoreacttvme:1membershipistopaythe dues forlastyearandthecurrent )Car. Ourtreasureris Dr. David Knight andthe sccretnry is Dr. Sheldon Steinberg. Duesandcommentscanbesenttoeitherone hereatthe School. I hope they will bedelugedwith mail!"

Feline Symposium

TheEleventh Annual FelineSymposium will beheld on April 16 attheVeterinary Ho pnal oftheUniversity ofPenn-.ylvania in Philadelphm Theday-longevem begm at 9:l5 a.m. Dr. DouglassK. Macint)re. assistantprofessorofmcdicme. willd1scu�� DiabetesmCats. UsecifRodimum n1�ropy intheManaf{t'lllt'lllofFeline.Veoplasw willbethetopicof Dr. S)Jne) M Ev-.uu.. assistant professor rad1olog) Thelir..t speakeroftheafternoon on. Dr VickJ N. Mcyers-Wallen. dSSL'itant professorofreproduction, w1ll speak about FelineRt•pnulactiwPmhlems.

tobeginwithorwhether theydevelopnsaresponseto ob rructionsintheuirwo�ys.suchasanarrowed trachea:· sa1d Dr. Hendrich. '·Tofindout. we"ill StUd)' littersorbulldog puppiestOdeterminewhen apneacond.itwnsfirstdevelop:·

Sleepapneab.n�eriOU!!omedical problem. It is believed thatabout 5 ro 20 pcocentofmen suffertrom this condition. It isthought thatl'hedisorder maycause a numberof medical problems. particularly in the cardiovascularsy tcm. Dr. Hendricks feelsthat itmay be related tothebulldog's relatively shon lifespan. and she hopes that her studyofthe breed may shedsome light onlhis. "Thebulldog breeders havebeenvery supportiveand havebroughttheirdogsheresowecould studythem." she said. "Now I am hopingLostudy sever.il youngIitten.todeterminewhentheproblem first surfuces:·

Or. Hendrick.<; research J'lbemgc;upportedby a grant fromtheAmerican LungAc;sociation.

park.mgandlunch. Rese.rvation<>are requiredandcan bemadeb) contactmgDr. M. Josephine Deubler, VHUP. 3850 SpruceStreet. Philadelphia. PA 19104-6010.

[nadditiontotheFelrneSymposaum. the weekendof April 16 and 17 wil1 feature oneothercat-oriented e�ent. afour-ringcat show to be held attheClassof 1924 Icc Rink, a few blocks from the Veterinary School. Thisshowwill takeplaceonApril 17. For further information plea).Ccall (215) 898-1475.

The FelineSymposium issupponed byThelams Company.CatMews. Chesapeake CatClub, Inc., theGreaterLancasterFelme Fanciers,and LheStudent Chapterofthe AmericanAssociationofFeline Practitioners.

Abulldogreadyforthe sleep tudy.

Mordecai S1egal. authorandcolumnist, willendtheprogmm with PawsFor nwughrAnEtcursmnJntnCat Wming. Thecostoftheprogram i"$35. which includes

_ra

Zoonoses

Therearcover 150 disease!> wb:ichcan betran.'>mitted fromanimalsto man(zoonoses).Somearenationwide publichealthproblems. Thepublicprc!.s.hasexaggerated the Importanceofother:.or. in!.Omecases. reported unproven as!.ociat1onru. facl. Followingare somebriefnotesonafewdifferentzoonoses.

Rabie.o;i.,at.oonoticdtseaseofnauonal 1mponanc.e. It mayaffectanywarm-blooded animal, andmfecrion usually results frominoculmionofvirus-contaminated �liYa intobitewounds. Cat!.aswellru.dogsshould be vacciuatcd-ra:ently more mbidcabthandogshave beenreported.

Animal bitesareoneofthemostcommonpetassociatedL.OOno!.CS. Inaddition tothepossibilityof rabiesandtetanus., theycan result inpainfulwound infection. Wild animalsshould notbe keptaspcl.b. Enforcementofanimalcontrol laws should bestrict.

Viscerallan'B migrans isadiseaseofchildrencaused bylarvaeofroundworms(1bxocara sp.). It 1susuaUy contractedbychildreneatingdirt contaminated with embT)'Onatedascarideggspassedbydogsandcall>. Treatment forascarids in kinensand puppiesshould be routine.nndpromptdisposalofwastecanminimize exposure.

Toxoplasmosis1:.11notherdiseasewh1chcanbeClW� by exposure to infectiveoocysts inthe fecesofcats, as wellasbyeatinginfectedmeat. It is unfortunatethat somereportl>havetx.>enmtsintcrpreted Themo�tsevere consequence in humans '"transplacemal LTansferofthe parasite tothefetus. Dailyemptyingoflitterboxesand properwnstedisposal is agoodcontrol measure. However,allcamivorou&speciesmaybecome mfested withtheparasite. Toxoplasmagondii. byeatingraw meatcontainingviableorganisms. CaLc;seemtoreceive fartoomuchunfuvor.ablepublicityascarriersolthiS disease.

Ringwormisaninfectionofhair,skin, undnails causedb)•\'arious fungi. Sometimes.acatordogrna)' bea"carrier" with novisiblelesion!!. Ho·wever. humansmaybeinfectedbydirectcontact.

New Anesthesia Teaching Aids

Theanesthesiologycourseduringthespnngsemester willbemore inreresting. rhankstoacomputerand programsillustratingprinciplesofanethesiologyand l>ituation�unemuyencounterintheoperating room.

TheAnimalRescueLeagueofPhiladelphiaprovaded theSchoolwithfundstopurchaseacomputeranda hostofanesthesiologyreachingprogroms.

..Anclithesiology ll>adifficult subjecttograspm lectures," said Dr. AlanKlide,associateprofessorof anesthesiology. ··Tbeconceptsarebardtounderstand andtheseprogramswill illustratethemonthecomputer screen."Theprogramsteach the uptakeanddistribution ofinhaledanesthetics. Thestudentshave tochoose the amountl>ofvapor11.er.oxygen, and anesthetic fora hypothetiCalpatient. Theprogramplot�theeffectsof drugl)overtimeandprovide�acurve. Ifthestudent choose�animproperamountofdrugsoroxygen the

ylvatic plague(Yersiniapestisinfection)exhts in certainareasofwesternandsouthwestern UnitedState:.. Sporadiccasesofhubonicplaguein manare as'ltx:iated withexposureto rodentsor!heir fleas. It canbe present mpramedogcolonies. Caseshavebeen reported incats bul not 10dogs. This is adiseasethat is mentionedonly :1!>ani!Xnmpleoftherareand unusuaL

Whenyou readabouta"new··orunuo;ualdtf.ease. it wouldbewelltocheckas10exactly how manycases havebeen reponed. Reportsofafew isolatedcases may berepeatedso many times. one case mny result 111 reportl>ofan "epidemic.''

Insecticides

Therehavebeenreportsabout adverse reactionsto product\soldovcr-the-coumcr for fleaandtid.control Manyttmesthiscould havebeen avoidt!d ifdirecuons werecarefully followed. READ THE LABELS! Never mixchemicalsor mcrease recommendedamounts. Use theprodu�o:tl>ru recommendedmterv..tls.

Jtha:.beensuggestedLha1unc'lo\.pu.>l.ludshould be testedonasmall area. It isknownthat -;orneanamals reactdJffcrentlythanother�. Productssafeon dogs m1ght betoxictocats. Differentbreeds may react differently.

Flea und tick control i1.an on-going process. It requirestreatmentoftheenvironmentaswellasthe animal. Houseandyardmust besprayedorfogged. EmptyandsprayV'dCuumcle"merbag.'l Don·tforgetthe insideofthecariftheanimnl rideswith you.

Prof�1.ional adv1cemaybenecessary forsatisfactory resulll.. Butif)'\lUdo1tyourself.followdirectionson thepackage.

lfyousw.pectpoisoning,call apoisoncontrolcenter. CheckyourtelephonedirectOI) for3 local number. The ntino1sAnunalPoasonInformationCenterisanother sourceofinformatiOn. Theirtdephonc is217-333-3611. Besure tonavethelabelofthesupcctcd productwhen youcall.

graphwill reflecl itandcorrectionscanhemade ..The programsillustnttcon the screen lheeffuctsofvanous substancesand make iteasiertoundcr�randthe concept!. mvolved." saidDr. Klide. ·'Theywillaho makethecoursemore interesting."

Thecomputerw11l alsobeusedtodemonstrate differentanesthesiatechnique:.. Forexample.3t Penn':. VetSchoolclo!.cd-circuit anesthesia w1thlov.oxygen flow i:. used. This requrel>aminimumofane�thctics. Anothermethodisto usealargeramountof anesthC&1cs.andthiscanbesimulatedon thecomputer sothatstudentscanbe famtarwithbothtechniques.

"Theprogramsalsoallowustodemonstrateho\\ drugactionvaries from palieot topatient. Wecan select ahypotheticalpatientandasstgnallkmdsofvalues. simulatingacritical situatton.. saidDr. Klide. "Anesthesiahastobeindivtdualizcd foreachputtem. andthc<;cprogramsallowthesrudentl>topracticelhis andobservetheresultsonthescreen."

The Finnish Spitz

The FinmshSp1tz isthe latest breedtobenc.lmmed10 registryintheAmerican Kennel ClubStudBook. BeginmngJanuary I. 1988. ucanbe<;hown inthe regularclasses in theNon-SportingGroup.lt isthe 130thbreedrecogmzedby AKC. (Etghtbreedsare divided Into varietiesbased onsizeand color. sothere maybe 141 breed.,andbreedvarietie-.compeungat AKCshows.)

TheFinnishSpitz 1snowthenauonal dogofFinland Thedogtsanutural bark pointer. Thedogflushesthe birdandl>ttsupal;harp. ringingbark (sometimescalled ayodel)10 mformtbehunteroftbeopponuntt) fora shot. Tt i1>amedium-sizeddogwith adense, golden-red coalwhich.combinedwith its pricl-. can.. pointed muulcandbush)tail, gh-e tta fox.Jakeappearance.

Thebreedstandarddescribesthetemperament as activeandfriendly. lively andeager. faithful. bravebut cautious.Thedogisrugged¢l!ough(weighingabout thiny pounds)tobeanidealholl.)epet. A ..FinJoe.. (the Britishnickname)respond-;tohumanconversationby '·talking·• withvariousthrmuysound�andpurrang.

Thefirst FinmshSpitzwusimportedfrom Englandto theLnitedStatesin 1959. andabout 750do�sha'ebeen registered with the FinnishSpitzClubofAmencu. Look lorthemattheshows.

More mformauoncan beobtainedfromMr... Bett} Isakolf. Finnish pitzClubofAmerira.-lOOHoud.:. Rd. Monkton. MD 21111

Thent!'.\teaching aids willbe used inroundsandwill beutilm�d inanelective for<;mallanJmalanesthesia. "TheyallowU!.toprepare thestudentsmorethoroughly fortheactualsimalionstheynta)em:ounrerwhen pamcipaung in anesthesia andsurgery. Theyw1ll be familiarwiththeva.nousdrugl>· actionsandwill beable toevaluateasituation muchmorequickly Thc�t! programsaregreat teachingmlhand \\iU enable usto teachthingsthat previously could<.mly belearned throughexperience."

Cold Weather Reminders

Every yeartherearereportsofantifreezepoisoning. II isverytoxicfordogs.yettheyseem to loveit. Be carefulwhereyoudrainradiators.andseekprompt veterinaryattention if anyantifreezeisingested.

Salrandotherproductsusedtomelticecancause sorefeet,especially rncitydogs. lt isa good ideatO wash feet withwarmwaterwhendog!!havebeenouton saltedsidewalks. When towelingdry.checkbetweenthe pads.

Dog:;k�pl iuW"drmapartmt:llL\.c:.pccially thetoy breeds,shouldwearasweaterorcoatwhentaken outsidein cold weather.Differentbreedshavedifferent requirementsandsometoleratecold muchberterthan others. Ifadog is kept outside.it musthaveadrybed with protection from thewind. Youngpupp1esmustbe keptwarm.Bathingshouldbedoneonly when necessary-regulargroomingismoreimportant.

Therehavebeensomeaccidentswhencalo;havefound aW'dfmspot tosleepunderthehoodsofcars. It might bewise to checkyoureatswhereabouts before youstart the car.

Chnstmasornamentscanbeab::rz.ard. Someplants soc.haspoinsettiaandmistletoearepoisonousand shouldbekeptoutofreachofpet!>.

It il:. betternottogiveapuppya-.aChristmru;gift. Toomuchisgoingonformostpeople ro g1ve thepuppy theproperattention. ltwouldbebenertogirl-wrap a collarandleash"vith anotethatLhepuppywill arrive later. Thesame istrueforkittens.

Besureyourpetwearsanidentificationtagand/or licenseatalltimes. Alostpelcancauseheartbreakat anytimeof the year.Ahouse pet lostoutsidein freezingweat.herisatparticularlygreatrisk.

Books

ACelebrationofRareBreedsbyCathyJ. Flamholtz (afR Publications. P.O. Box1143. Ft. Payne,AL 35967.$24.95plus$2.00postageandhandting).

Thisboo�giveshistoryandcharacteristicsof53 breeds,mostofwhicharenotrecognizedbythe AmericanKennelClub. IL is an excellent referencewith numerous photographs. Following arebriefnotesfrom the text:

• TheAkbashDogisa Large. white.sheepguarding breedfrom1\Jrkey. Thesedogsarenaturalguardians. maybeaggresive,andarenotsuitableforall families. TheAnatolianShepherdisasimilarbreed.butt:beir colormaybetanwithblacknoseandears.aswellas white.

• TheLeonbergerisanotherlargebreedwhichis even-temperedandsaidtobefond of children.They havewebbedtoes. andthelion-coloredcoathasa pronouncedmaneorruffontheneck..Thebreedwas developedinGermany fromaNewfoundland-Sl Bernardcross.wilhsomeGrearPyreneesadded. They aretrustworthy guarddogs.

•TheFilaBrasilieroisthemosrpopularbreedin BrclZil today. lt isalarge.strong guard dog weighing 100poundsandisnearly30incheshigh.TheFilaisnot abreedforeveryone. T! is very waryand distrustful of strangersbut good with itsfamily.

• TheNovaScotiaDuckTollingRetrieverisasmall retrievingbreedabout20incheshighandweighing under50pounds. Jtisdescribedas'·wonderful companions, greatchildren'splaymates,super obediencedogs, flashyshowdogsandfuntoown." Whenbuntng the roller attractsgamebyrunningback andforth.usually retrievinga "tollingstick"thrownby the hunter.

• TheCatahoulaLeopardDogisanativeAmerican breed. ltistheOfficial StateDogofLouisiana. lt isa mediumroLargebreed.about25inchesinheight.The breed'smostdistinctive featureisitswhiteor··glass·· eye.rtcomesinawiderangeofcolors.prefurablywith leopardspotting.TheCaLahoula isamulti-purpose breedpare.xrellence. It hasaninherentdesiretoherd livestock, hasbeenusedforhuntinglargeandsmall game.isasuperbhorneguardianandagreat familyor child'scompanion.

•TheCzechorCeskyTerrierwas "invented" by crossingtheScottishTerrierandSealyharn. Itscoloris blue or brown.Aboutteninchestallandweighing under20pounds_theCzechTerrierisahousehold companion,anavidhunterandagoodshowdog.

•TheSbibais anancientJapanesebreed. It isan activeandalertsmall dog thatcanadaptwelltociryor country living. It is relatedto. butsmallerthan the Akita. lt comes inmanycolors. butredisthemost popular.Thebreedhasadistinctive '"foxy" appearance withprickearsandtailcurlingoverLheback. TherearechaptersontheBeauceron.KareliaoBear Dog.l..Owchen,Sloughi,Telomian.andmore. ltall makesveryinterestingreadingandprovidesuseful informationaboutrareandunusualbreeds.

Eighteenth Annual Symposium

TheEig_hteent:bAnnualSymposium. Your VtterinarianandYourDogs, willbepresentedJanuary 30. 1988,attheVeterinary HospitaloftheUniversity of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia.

During the day-longevent.fourfacultymemberswiU discusscaninemedicaltopics. Dr. BetsyDayrell-Hart. lecturerinneurology, will speakaboutSei2uresand more. Dr. RobenJ. Washabau. lecturerin medicine, willdiscussCanineesophagealdiseases.

In the afternoon, Dr. KevinShanley, lecturer in dcmmtoJogy. willspeakaboutAllergicskin diseasesin dogs. The linalspeaker, Dr. StuartC. Helfand. assistant professor of medicine. will discussSignalsofcancer. Theprogram isbeingsupportedbytheJam�Company. Aftereachlecture, Lherewill beabriefquestion-andanswersession. Theprogrambeginsat9:30 a.m. a1 VHUPinPhiladelphia.Thecostis$35. whichrnclude�

lunchandparking. Advancereservationsarerequired andcanbe made bycontactingDr. M. Josephine Deubler. 3850Spruce Street, Philadelphia. PA 19104. Telephone (215) 898·8862.

Ifyouareconsideringpurchaseofa dog. visita breederandseepuppiesandadults. Don't :;elect abreed just becauseit isaconversation pieceorsomething different. Besuretoconsiderthetraining whichmight benecessary.Thereare 130 breeds eligibleforregistrationwiththeAmerican KennelClub,whileover300 breedsarerecognizedbytheFcderacionCanineInternational. thegoverningbodyofdogsinmuchof Europe. Asia, andSouthAmerica. Thisbooksgives excellentbackground materialandcan helpLheprospectiveownerStudy abreedand make an intelligent decisionaboutwhether itisasuitableone.

TheRareBreedHandbookby Dec Gannon(Golden BuJtPre:::.s.22-02RaphaelSl.. Fairlawn, NJ074l0. $22.95).

Thisisaloose-leafbookwhichshouldbe most useful forjudges. Itcontain!.standards for50rarebreeds divided.asbytheAmericanKennelClub, intoseven groups-2inSporting.9 inHounds. 19 inWorking, 3inTerriers, 5 inToys.3inNon-Sporting.and9 in Herding.

A "RareBreed" isdefinedas"Apurebreddogwhich isnoteligibleforfullregistrationwiththeAmerican KennelClubbutwhichhasabreedstandardand is regiSteredwithaNationalorInternationalKennel Club."The book givesinformationonrarebreedshows. judgingtips, and the U.S. Registry fureachbreed. This isagoodreferenceforthosewhohavebecome involvedinshowingandjudgingrarebreeds. ltisa goodbeginning,andadditionsandchangesprobably willappearinfutureeditions. Aglossarywouldbe helpfultodefinesometermsused in Lhe standards, but thisreallyshouldbedoneby the standard-writers.

Henry P. Schneider Dies

Dr. HenryP. Schneider(V'34)diedattheage of 75. Dr. Schneiderwasdirectorofbiological research and chairmanofthedepartmentofbiomedicalsupporting servicesatHahnemannMedicalCollege,Philadelphia. He also served asprofessorofanatomy.physiology,and biophysicsat Hahnemann until his retirement in 1982. HahnemannUniversitygavehimprofessoremcrilu� status in L984.

Inaddition tO teaching and research atHahnemann, Dr.Schneidermaintainedageneralveterinarypractice intheGwyneddValley-SpringRouseareafrom 1934tv 1959. Dr. SchnejderservedaspresidentoftheScbool"s AlumniAssociationandaspresident of the PennsylvaniaVeterinaryMedicalAssociation In 1984, the SchoolpresentedbJmwithitsCentennialAward of Merit. Dr. Schneider is survivedbyhiswife. Catherine Schneider:daughtersBarbaraSimons. Harriet Zubar Day.andSuzanne,and six grandchildren.

New Intensive Care Facility

continued frompage1

dtvadcdtohousetwofoalseach.Threearelargeenough toholdamarcandfoalinseparateside-by-sideunits. Afterthefoulseason.thesethreestallscanbeconverted mtoextralarge<;taUsfor..down.. horses. Infoalseason therewitJ bespaceforatotalofsevenfoahandthree mares. Afterfoal seasonNlCUprovidesspaceforfive adult.s.

..Allthefloor..inthe�talbarepaddedwithrubberfor diseasepreventionandpatientcomlon."sa1dDr.Donawick. "FloorsantheNJCUareheatedtoprovadcextra wa.nmhfortheneonates:·Atthehuboflhebuildmgis thecentral nun;es'station,whichpermitscontinuous supervistonofputjentsinbothunits. Stallsoreequipped withpiped-inoxygen,compressedair,andvacuumlines fortreatment. Thisisalsoav-.tilableineachofthe two largetreatmentareasofSMICUandNlCU.Thestalls feawrcwateringdeviceswithmeterstomomtorwater consumptionbypatients. Thebuildinghasaspecialrurhandlingsystemforheatingandatr-condit•oning, providing 10airchangesperhour.

..Atahospitalwearealwaysconcernedaboutinfections,"saidDr. Donawick. ·'Thiscanbeparucularly critical fortheseverelyill patient. Tominimizethe dangerofinfection,wehavethespecialair-handling system. Inaddition,thereisahigh-pressurewatercleaningsyslcmandamanureremoval systemwhereby manurefromeachunitwillbedroppedtothe tloor belowforcontamerized removal. Also, attheentrance 10thefaciUty,thereisawashingarea"'herehorsescan becleanedpriortoentenngthebuilding.minimiZing thedangerofintroducingbactena. fnadditjontothese precautions.accesstothebuildingwillbelimited,nnd clmiciansandnurseswill wear specialprotective clothingbeforeenteringtheunitthroughana1rlock..

PatientsinSMICUandNICUwillbetreatedby groupsolveterinariansfromdifferentdisciplinessuch assurgery, mcc.Hcine,andanesthesia. Dependingonthe problem.inputmayalsobesought fromother�taff specialistsinnutrition.reproduction.etc. ·'Thisnew facihty w11l enable ustoprovidecomprehensive care for thecriticallyillpatien�...saidDr. Oonawick. ·'By housingtheseanimalsinonebuilding.rreaLmentcanbe deliveredmoreefficiently. Theclo-eproximitytotheC. MahlonKlineOrt.hoped1candRehabilitationCenterand themonorailwillenhanceourabilitytoutilizethepool forw.ttertherapyandease thecastremovalprocedures fororthopedicpatients."

TheConnellyintensiveCareUnitandtheGraham FrenchNeonatal Sectionmayenablechmcaan.satPenn's SchoolofVeterinaryMedicinetopushtheboundaries oftrcatmentfurtherout,helpinganamalspreviously thoughtofas"hopeless."··wearecontmually tryingto advancethelevelofsophisticatedcare." �rud Dr. Vaala, ··Thisnewbuildingwillallowustoconsolidatethe effortsofthevariousspecialtieshereatNewBolton Centercampus.Theseareexcitingtimesmveterinary medtcine:lhiogarechanging.Tenyearsago,who wouldhavethoughtofusingahigh-frequencyventilatOr oracomputerizedpumptodeliverparenteralnut.rition toanewbornfoal?Now.weuse suchequipment routinely.andns this buildingisutilized.wewiUbe employingmoremonitoringanddiagnosticequipment, similartothat utilized inhuman lCUs."

Thenew$2.25-millionbuilding was fundedbymany people. ThoConnellyFoundationprovidedalargegrant fortheConnelly IntensiveCareUnit,andMrs. Anne FrenchThoringtonprovidedfundsforthecon!>lruction oftheGrahamFrenchNeona:talSection. inmemor)of herfather. Othercontributors''hohelped tomakethe buildingarealityareMr.andMl'll. AllenH.Carruth. Mr!>. RolandT.deHellcbranth, Mr.andMrs. Henry E.

1.duPont, theEstateofMaryComptonCarrington.Mr. PeterG.Gerry. Mrs.GwynneGarbischMcDevitt. Mn.. HenryD.P'd>.Son.StewartR. Rockwell. D.V.M.. Mr. and Mn.. Bayard Sharp. Mr.and Mrs.OakleighB. Thorne. Mrs. E. MilesValentine, Alexandra Wetherill.V.M.D andtheBergenCounty Horseman'sAssociation.

Did You Know... ?

Dcsprtcrumorstotheconll":lr),recentchanges inthetaxlawshavenotelimmatedall incentives forcharitablegiving.Infact,the IRS sullpermits donorsoflong-termappreciatedsecuritiesto deductthefull,fairmarket mlueofanasseton thedateiti�ogiven.Theappreciatedcomponentis fitllydeductible underthe 1986l'.txReform Act. andthereisno capiro/gai11s ta.lonthedonated property(althoughappreciationiscon!>idcred in calculatingtheAJtematheMinimumThx).

Thebenefittophilanthropists:donatingappreciatedassetsmayincrease yourgi\'ingabilitytoa considerablyhigherlevel.Inpamcular.youmay wanttoconsadergiftsofhighlyappreciatedbut low-yielding'lecurities. Thiswouldallowyouto takemaximum advantage ofthegrowthreali7ed fromtheinvestmentwithoutsurrenderingsignificantincome.

The following simpUfiedcalculationioshov..the relative ··coiot"ofanoutrightca.">hgiftversusa gjftofappreciatedstock.(Assumethedonor'!> COStbaSISintheStocklS$4,000.)

Tbe...elastmonth!.of1987offeraspecialopportunity forthose makingchantablegifts.A deductionagainsttoday'srelativelyhaghincome rates-38.5� maximum-willsaveyoumorethan thesamegtftmadeafterJanuary I. 1988.when therate isduetodropto28%.

Thecharitabledeductionforagiftofappreciatedsecuritiesislimitedto30% of:.1donor's adjustedgrossIncome intheyearthegifti!.made. However.youmaycarryoveranyunusedportion ofthedeductionforuptofiveaddilionalyears.

Forfurtherinformationontheadvanrogcsof gavingapprueimedsecuritiestotheSchoolof Veterinary Medicine.contact:

Mr.JeffreyP. Roberts

AssistantDeanforDevelopmentand Planning

UntveNttyofPennsylvarua

SchoolofVetennaryMedtcinc

3800SpruceStreet

Philadelphia,PA 19104-6008

TEL: (215)898-1882

Gro110d wasbroken for the EvanL. Stubbs Laboratory at NewBolton Center campus. Sbown arc Or. Robert Eckroade. Or. Richard McFeely, Dr.EvanL. Stubbs, Dr. Ma� van Duo;kirk, and Dr. Robert Marshak.

Dedication of New Intensive Care Facility

The new building, housing the Connelly Intensive Care Unit and th e Graham French NeonaJal Section, was dedicated on October 15 at New Bolton Center campus.

ExterioroftheConnelh IntensiveCareUnitand theGrahamFrench NeonatalSection.

DeanEdwinJ.Andrews,

Mr.VincentB.Murpby. Mrs.AnneFrenchThorington, 1\lissChristineConnelly, Universit)President SheldonHackney.

Unveilingo£theplaques.

Interiorofthebuilding.

MissChristineConnelly.

Dr. R. WayneRandolph(V'74)ha.sbeenelectedpresjdentofthe Mctmpolitan NewJersey Veterinary Medical Assuciutlun. oneofthelargestlocalassociations in the country.

Dr.OauielCohen. research professorofepidcmjology. wasrocentl) named tothe Pennsylvania Depanmcntof Agriculture\committeeonswinehealthpolicies. Dr. Cohen recctvcdagramfromthePenn.:;ylwmaDepanmcntofAgnculrureto study pseudorabieS in waldlife.

Dr.Cohenpresented paperson Lyme clisell!;eatthe International Veterinary MeetinginMontrealand atthe Nev. York Academy ofSciences in New York.

Dr. B.ThomasGoodwin, lecturerinlaboratoryanimal medicine, was recentlycertifiedasaDiplomuteofthe American CollegeolLaboratory Anuna.l Med1cine.

Ms. ,\udrt)' Roring,appointmentdesksupervisorat VHUP. recc1vcd the ..Warm Fuzzy•· award from the Bucks-Mont80nleryVMA. theSouthern NewJersey VMA. the Kcy&eoneVMA. andtheSuburban VMA. Theaward aspresented each year b} the as:.oc1ationsto aclimci:morstaffmemberforexcellent service �o referringvctennariansandclients. It ispresentedatthe PractHioners/lntern!JResiderus Picnicat the PhiladelphiaZoo

Or.DavidNunamaker(V'68).JacquesJennyProfessor ofOn.hopcda'Surge()'. W<l:lappointeda memberofthe: Scientific AJvisoryCommitteeof the Grayl.on Fuunllation. He abopanicipawdinthelnJemutumolSrm lUll�· '*'rl..slrop<1nHard1i.wtein August, where he prct.cnte<.l:.omcofhisworkon ..Fatiguefra�:tures in horses:· sllpponed bythe NewYork Dtvisioo ofthe Hor:.emcn'sBenevolentandProtectiveAssociation.

Dr.AdrianR. Morri on, professorofanatomyand head, laboratorieson Anatomy,ha.<l been given a Merit Award bythe NationallnstitureofMental Research, designedtoprovide tenye,ar'sfundjngfor hts research intothebrain mcchamsmsofsleep. He hasalsobeen appointedtothe ScienceCouncilof The lntr.t Sctence Foundation.an mdw.try-based foundation thatsupporu, newresearchtlirectionsandsporu.orsintematiunal 'i}'mposiathat often honordistinguished medical scientists. He"illalsorepresentthe Society for Ncurosctenceat aspecial meetingoftheTrnns-National lnsltlutesofHealthSleepResearchCoon.linating Committee toassist NIH in planningwaysto foster research into-.lccp and ltsdisorder<>.

Dr.JamesWilson, medicaldirectorofVHUP, ,..-as electedbythe Hou5eofDelegatestolheAVMACouncil on PublicRelation�

PhiladclphiaMagazinepresented ··BestofPltilly" Aw.trd\toOr.Su">an K. McDonough(V'68)and Dr. DonaldW. Stremme(V'75). Dr McDonough operates

The Cat Hospstal sn Philadelphia.and Ot. Strcmme ownstheCenterCity Animal Hospital.al>mall animal practice Rothveterinariansweresingled0111hythe maga1inc lorprovidingsuperb crvicetotheirclients.

ons

Dr.SherbynW.Ostrich(V'63) hasbeenelected tothe 16-member Executive Boardofthe American Vetennary Medical Associatjon. Dr. Ostrich will represent veterinarians m Delaware, the Dsst.rictofColumbia, Maryland, NewJersey. Pennsylvania. and Virginia.

Dr.DavidS. IVonfeld. Elizabeth and William Whitney Clan ProlessorofNutrition. w·d.S invitedtuspeakon ·'Dietarygoals foragedandcagedaruma(<," utthe BeeKay Feed Sympol>ium m Bimungham. England. m June. Healsospokeon "Emergency planning for nuclearaccadent:.: The role ofthevetcrinnnan"at the WorldVeterinaryCongress in MontreaLCanada. in August. In Septemberhe presented ulecture on "Diewry interventions forchronic renal failure ofdogs" anda posteron "Cholesterol kanetics indogs" at the International Symposium onNutrition,Ma/muri1ion o11dDietetic�ofDogsandCats in Hannover. GcmlaJl)'.

Dr. RobertJ.Washabau(V'8l). lecturer m med1cme. is nowa Diplomate oftheAmericanCollegeofVeteri· nary Internal Med1crne.

Dr.Jeffrey A. Wortman(V'69)has.been promotedto associateprofessorofradiology in the Depanment of Clinical Studaes. Philadelphia.

Dr.Carl A. RJiter. associateprofessor of phurmncology.participated ma NAlOAdvancedStudy lrl:,tjiU\e011 TurJ:ermgofDmRs.Anatomrca/andPlnwiologicalCmrsidermions. in JuneinGrecL"C He presented rworesearchcommunications.

Dr.Corinne R.Sweeney, as.sistant professorofmedicrne, received BRSG fundingtosrudy 'Mucodliary transpon rat<! 111the hon.eand itsmodificution w1th V'ariousthcrupeutJcagents."

Dr.LarryT.Glickman(V'72) has beenpromote(]to professorofepidemiology.

Dr.VictoriaVoith,adjunctassjstanl professorufmedicine. presented twopapersatthe 19K7Animal Behmior SocietymeetingiuJune in WilliamstO\\n. MA Grayson Foundationgrantswererecently rcccrvcdby Drs.Virginja8.Reef,BensonB.Martin.Ken Stebbins,andJiJJBeech. Drs. ReeL Manin.and Stebbinsareevaluatingtendon and ligament injuries ultrasonographicaJly andcorrelating the..o;c 11ndings with grossand histopathologic changes in Lhc tissues. Dr. Beech received funding for clinical andm''itro muscle studies on horseswithexenional rhabdomyolosis ("tying-up")and the therapeutic effecb ofdiphen}'lhydantolnanddantrolene.

Dr. E. 'eil .Moore.professorofphy,aology,gavean inviled lecture in Londonbeforethe/ntt'rtrattcmaJ Confuenct•OiltheMmwgememofCcmiwc Arrlrwhmia\. sponsoredby the Britbh Hean Foundation!.. Inaddition. hechairedthe se�o;sionon "Busic CardiacElectrophysiology." He wa1ooalso invitedto present upaperbefore tbe I11irdllftt•marimwfSymposium on CardiacAblati(TTI. He wa:-. on theTask Force Comminccorgamzmgthe fntemattcmulH-�Jrk<olwpon CardiacRepolari<LJtion and presenteda paperon "ElecrrophysiologJcal basi!>ofQfprolongation:· andalso chaired the sel>Sionon the •<Dynamics.of theQT interval moduluuon" Dr Moore isagainoo-chairmnnofthe Pennt.)'lvunia Hean Association Research E'aluation Committee and chairman ofthe PeerRl'scarch Review Committee.

Dr. Robert R. MarshakandRobertH.Whitlock wererecent recapients of thebronTe medallion signifyingmembership in the National Academaesof Practiceduringa meetingheld m Washington in September The NationalAcadcmicl>ofPracticehall nine consutuemgroupsw1tltinthe health professions andw11l serveasa policy-makingauvisol)groupfor theUnitedStatesCongress.

Dr.Cbarlt! E. Benson. associate profes�nrofmtcroblology.and Or. RobertJ.Eckroade,as�uc::tatcprofe:.sor ofpoultrypathology, gaveprescntauonsunresearchon salmonella sn poultry tothePennsylvomuPoultry Sen·icemcnmeeting inSeptember.

Dr. EllenZiemer, lecturerin medicine. it<110\.\.a Diplomate in theCollegeofVeterinary lnternaJ Medicine. Shehasulsorl!cently beennamedd1rector ofd1mcul laboratoT) medicineatNew Bolton Center.

Dr. Lynnt.' Frankboosec-Keller(V'82) ret.-ei\cdher Mru.tt:rofSciencedegreeinLaboratory AnnualMcdtcanc fromthe MaltonS. Hershey Mcotcal Center. Penn!>ylvamaState University. Hcn.hcy. PA Sheb. employed by Bnstoi-MyersCo. Wallmgtbrd,CT.ab theirlaboratoryanimal vereriruuian.

Dr.WilliamChalupa, professorofnutritmn,hal>been tnvitt:d to serve on theComm1neeotAnimal Nutriuon ofthe Bourd ofAgm:ulturc, National Rcs�arch Counctl. Drs.Oarr)I -..;. Biery,Susan Dt>noghue,Oal'idKronfeld, andJeff'rey.\. Wortman presented profes),ional progr..tmsatlh� AAHA Northeast Re�ionAnnual MeetinginMontreal in December Dr. EricClough (V'69)'MIS.theprogramchairman fur the event. which pre:.enh.:u fourday:.ofprofessional cours.c�. Or. DeanRichardson, assistant profe!>�ornfsurgery. par1icipatcuasa speakerat the 15thAmericanCollege ofVctcmury Surgeons' ChicagoSurgical Fllrutn Dr.WilliamMoyer,associateprof of'pons medicine.gnvcthreepfe!.ientationsat the Oc:.ala Equane conference in October.

Dr.Deborah\. Wilson.lecturer inanesthesia. pre!ioentcd anabstractattheAnnual Scicmjfit Meu oflhe A.CV.A. snAtlanta.GA. in October.

Scholarships

Frede.ricJ..D.Dodd),athird-)'ear tudent isthe rec1pientofa�cholarsrupb}• the UnianCount�Kennel Club.JanetCra\\ford,aseruor. c.the recipaentofa scholarshipprovidedbytheWestminsterKennelFoundation. The first rec1p1entoftheJanet F.Cottaer Scholarship.established by the Princcl()nSmall Animal Rescue League, as Usa A. Macom, a firM-yearstudent. MicbaeleMikovsky,a senior. received the Merck Company Foundation cholarship

1988 Penn Annual Conference

The1988PennAnnualConferenceprornil>CStobean excitingandmformataveevent. Apartial listofspeakers includes:

Dr.JamesBecht DiliRIInsisandManagementofAcute DiarrheainFoalstmd Muir Hf1rses

Dr. LarryBramlage Eq11i11C'Onlwpuedics

Dr. ColinBurrows Currt'llt Topicsin Fline Gastroenr.:mlogv/GaMmilltt'stim�lPlwmuut>thempy

Dr MarwBunon Dmgnu•mp,,\Jt'lritumCow.\

Dr. P;,ulGrcenCiugh Colll<'fti{JtJfflf)'Cfmceptsi11But•ine I.AJI!t'llt'JS

Dr. GatlKunkle ToprrsrnDem1amloR."

Dr. Horst Leipold Conf(eniralcmdHereditary Defects inCows.'Conxenitalam/Hert:'ditaryDeyecrsinHorses

Dr.DenmsMcCumin PracticeandP(!ople/Proctice Mana�emt-nt

Mrs. K.ltherine\11cKeever 01\'/Behat'ior

Dr. AI Merrin Rc1bertR. Marlhak.D.V.M.Seminarin BowneMedicme

Dr. MurvinOlmMcad Pathoph\'siologyandTreatmellt ofCaniltt•HipDysplasiawithEmphasison 7btal Hip Replacemmt

Dr. RalphRedden Mcmugemc•ntofLamimtisinthe Horse

Dr. PeterSchwarz SurgicalOllmlogy/Challenges with PracticalSnlmimH

Dr. H FredTroun Roben R. Marshak.D.V.M. SemmarmBOI'inC'Medicine

Dr.EdwinWorkman,Jr. Adt'CIIlce.�inlmmullodiagnostlcwduwlo!:y

TheConferencewillbeheldonWednesday.January 17.andThursday,January28, 1988,attheAdam'sMark HotelinPhiladelphia.

OnTuCMla).January16 .1dmnerandroastinhonor ofDr.RobertMarshal will beho:.tedbyRogerCaras. Fnends. faculty.andalumna will beonhandtosalute theacbtevementsofDr. Mlll'hak.Forfurtherinformationcall· (215)8984234.

Second Annual Parents/Partners Day

Asinailprofussionaltraining,aveterinarymedical educationisrigorousanddemanding. AtPenn.we believethatasupportiveandunder:.tandingfamilyis essential1<'thewell-beingofourstudcnL\.Toanswer thisneed.anannual ParenbiPartncrsDaybasbeen developedtohelpfamilymembersteammoreaboutthe manyaspectsoftheVeterin:lrySchoolandtheeducation '"eprov1dc.

OnSarurday. September L9. l51 familymembersof theClassof 1991 learned aboutavarietyofsubjects affectingourstudents. including. thecurriculum, studentfinancialuid.thehuman-animalbond.andthe issueofanimalresearch. FollowingatouroftheVeterinaryHospitaloftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaand lunch,busesdeparted forNewBoltonCenterforan overviewofourlargeanimal facility.

DeanEdwtnAndrewsjoinedwithstudents,parents, panners.andfacultyforasocialhouratthecloseof theday.

The Executive Board ofthe Veterinary Medical Alumni Society is seeking ••olunteers for tile 1988-1989Board wtdfor the 1988 liaison Committee.

lfyouareagraduateoftheSchoolandare interested inbecomingio,·ohed. pleasecall A.o;hraMarkO\\itz. tantDirectorof De\-elopment.at(215)898-42.3-' llrdropanotetu Dr. La'u-ence Gerson. �ident. \'eterinaryMedkalAlumniSociety. UnhersityofPt!_nm)h-ania. Schoolor\'eterinary:\.tedicine, 3800SpruceStreet. Philadelphia. PA19104-6008.

ALUMNI SUPPOKI' IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE WELL-BEING OF OUR SCHOOL!!

Bellwrether 2 2

Winter 1987

BellwetherispublishedbyrheSchoolof VeterinaryMedicineatThe UniversiTyofPennsylvania, incooperation withThe Universiryof Pennsylvania, OfficeofUniversityRelations

Editor:

Helma �eks

Writers: Helma �eks

Dr. M. Josephine Deubler (AnimalCrackers)

mustrator: MarieGarofano Photographers: AdamGordon

LynneR. Klunder

NewBo/JonLiaison: CatherineLarmore

Weltliketohearyourpraise. criTicisms, or commems. Pleaseaddressyourcorrespondence to:

Helma Weeks, Vni1•ersityofPennsylvania, SchoolofVeterinaryMedicine, 3800Spruce Srreet, Philadelphia. PA 19104-6010 (215)-898-1475

orLindaFischer, UniversityofPennsylvania, OfficeofUniversityRelations, 410Logan Hall. Philadelphia, PA 19104-6387

Noneofthesearticlesarerobereproducedin anyform withoutthepermissionoftheeditors ofBellwether. 1987Copyrightbythe TniSlees ofthe UniversiTyofPennsylvania.

Bellwrether

University of Pennsylvailla

School of Veterinary Medicine

3800 Spruce Street

Philadelphia, PA 19104-6008