Holloway Prison UD Proposal: People's Place

GROUP 7

Isla Burgos-Watkinson, Ruby Ellis, Pui Kwan Fung, Johanna Gewolker, Matej Stepanek

CONTENTS 1. Introduction​

1.1.

1.2.

1.3.

Brief ​ Analysis & Context​ The Site ​

3 4 7

2. Strategy​

2.1 Design Principles​ 2.2 Community 2.3 Green 2.4 Women

8 9 10 11

3. Proposed Schemes ​

3.1 Scheme 1: Family Superblocks ​ 3.2 Scheme 2: Voisin Holloway ​ 3.3 Scheme 1 & 2 Overview ​ 3.4 Scheme 1 & 2 Comparison ​ 3.5 Design Synthesis ​

12 15 18 19 20

4. Final Masterplan​

4.1 Masterplan: People’s Place​ 4.2 Urban Form​ 4.3 Mixed-Uses​ 4.4 Movement Overview​ 4.5 Movement: Walkway & Pedestrian Networks​ 4.6 Movement: Vehicles Networks​ 4.7 Umbrella Square ​ 4.8 The Hub​

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

5. Conclusion​

29

6. References

30

1.1.

3

BRIEF

Council’s Vision - Holloway Prison Site SPD

Mayor of London

London Plan 2020

• Provide 570-720 dwelling units • Provide a “genuine mix of unit sizes, including a significant proportion of family accommodation of 3 bedrooms or more” (p.12)

The plan emphasises delivering ‘good growth through good design’, which is a design-led approach aimed at using land efficiently and developing the site to an optimum capacity.

Drawing on the plan, planning and development must: • • • • •

Islington Council

D3, D6: Prioritise resident wellbeing through provision of private amenity space for all homes, dual aspect wherever possible, fulfilling and exceeding space standards; GG1C: Provide “access to good quality community spaces, services [and] amenities......that accommodate, encourage and strengthen communities” (p.14); GG3F: Improve London’s air quality, reduce public exposure to air pollution and minimise subsequent inequalities in levels of exposure GG3G: Provide “improved access to and quality of green spaces and spaces for play, recreation and sports” (p.19), contributing to city-wide effort in making half of the London green by 2050.

According to 1.4.3, the current target seeks to provide at least:

66,000 new homes each year

Objectives • • • • • • • • •

50% of all new homes being affordable

Provision of housing and maximise affordable housing, with at least 50% of those being affordable (tenure split of 70% social rented and 30% intermediate); Include a women’s building, which acts as a safe space to support women in the criminal justice system; Active uses along Parkhurst Road and Camden Road e.g. retail; Improvements to local infrastructure to support population growth; Protect biodiversity of its surrounding area by providing publicly accessible open green spaces; Resonates with the local character of the area; Provide an inclusive environment to facilitate community cohesion; • Increase site permeability and promote walking and cycling; • Achieve sustainability by e.g. introducing an energy centre.

Community’s response Unlocking Holloway for the Community Peabody

Peabody’s Vision Community Plan for Holloway

Following Peabody’s acquisition of the site, a draft masterplan was developed for consultation. Suggestions include: • • • • • • •

1,000 - 1,050 new homes, with 60% of those being affordable; a variety of building heights, ranging from 3 to 12 storeys; 9,500 sqm of open spaces while keeping the existing trees; active ground floor use along Camden Road; specialist housing and provision for older people; a dedicated women’s building; and vehicle access only for emergies and disability parking.

We have serious concerns about the poor quality of homes and external space that will be created by the proposed high density redevelopment.

1. INTRODUCTION

• Vision: strengthens the communities and neighbourhoods • The community expects itself to be involved in decision-making.

• There is a need to deliver more much needed housing, community facilities and green spaces.

Lack of affordable housing......

20,733 households are on the waiting list for social housing.

Mental health issue......

1 in 4 women had contact with mental health services in the year before imprisonment.

Lack of green spaces...

9.3% lower than national average (the lowest proportion across all London Boroughs).

Women’s Building

• The building should provide a like-for-like service so that all women and families, especially those most vulnerable in the society, can seek support.

• The increase in the building size from 800 to 1,250 sqm is deemed to be inadequate. It should fall between 4,000 - 6,000 sqm.

Community’s response

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

1.2.

4

INTRODUCTION

Islington Social Context

The Holloway Prison Site is located in the London Borough of Islington. Opened in 1852, and made a women’s-only prison in 1903, the prison holds significant historical value for women in the UK and globally, being the biggest female prison in the EU. The prison walls held many suffragettes in the early 20th Century, and while taking many protesting young women off the streets of London the fight for equal rights continued within the prison walls with expressive art, hunger strikes and protests against prison guards. Famous names include Emmeline Pankhurst and her two daughters; Sylvie and Christabel, and Ruth Ellis, the last women executed by hanging in the UK. However the prison is not only significant for the suffragettes but for all women who have ever been imprisoned or involved with Holloway Prison. The prison was closed in 2016 and sold for redevelopment with the view of providing essential housing for Islington and public services, such as a bespoke Women’s Centre for the community. ​

The number of young people in the borough is lower than the national average. (21% population 0-18 years old in England and Wales in 2011)

The future of the prison site has been reimagined, designed and discussed by both developers, the council and the local community.

The following strategy outlines a proposal for the site, providing over 900 new residential dwellings including 3 bed family homes, a space of 7,000m2 for the Women’s Centre with an additional retail and service centre on Camden Road, as well as a wellness walkway to the South-West of the site, a central public square as well as private gardens and courtyards for residents. The scheme aims to protect the history and significance of the site but also create a bespoke ‘fit for the future’ design providing essential housing and services.

However, the need for affordable family housing is still apparent in the borough, where 54% of children were living in families receiving tax credits in 2013 and 12% of households renting privately were claiming housing benefits.

This need is also highlighted in the local plan which states that making Islington affordable to middle income people, including families with dependent children, and older people is one of the councils priorities as it seeks to counteract a trend towards polarised extremes of wealth, poverty and age groups. The local plan stipulates a target of 50% affordable residential development.

Islington age demographics

Islington also has the densest population in London as of 2018 and the latest Strategic Houing Needs Assessment established the greatest need was for affordable two and three-bedroom housing.

Design Opportunities/Threats: Opportunity to help fulfil Islington‘s affordable family housing requirements.

Women 1 : 90,000

Islington was voted the as the worst place to live as a woman in the UK in the Evening Standard in 2017. High levels of crime, expensive housing, and discrimination in the workplace were cited as reasons.

Islington was voted as the worst place to live as a woman in the UK in a BBC Woman’s Hour Survey in 2018.

London population per sq km by wards

Female Islington residents reported the lowest levels of happiness, life satisfaction and feelings that their life is worthwhile as well as the highest levels of anxiety.

Design Opportunities/Threats:

View of Holloway Prison site facing south (Source: Google Earth)

1. INTRODUCTION

1 : 5000

2. STRATEGY

Incorporate women‘s friendly design and reprovide services for women that were lost after the prison closure. Honour the heritage of the site.

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

49% of the population is female 236,000 women in Islington 5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

5

1.2.

Site Context

Urban Character

To better understand the prison site in context, the surrounding neighbourhoods of Tufnell Park, Holloway, Hillmarton and Caledonian Road have been combined to serve as an analysis area. This area stretches into the Borough of Camden to the west.

Land uses

Location and connectivity

The Cat and Mouse Public Library, named after the turmoil between the suffragettes and the UK government is located to the south of the site (1). Other land uses such as news agents (2), a GP practice (3) and Islington Art Factory (4) are located on surrounding streets. However, there are no medium sized supermarkets for convenience shopping in the area. While large supermarkets are available on Holloway road, these are too large to conveniently cater to quick shops for essentials.

The Site is situated on Camden/Parkhurst Road between three nodes of services, transport and retail: Holloway Road, Tufnell Park and Kentish Town. There is good connectivity from the site via tube stations, 3 of which are a 15-minute walk away, there is also good bus provision throughout the neighbourhood, with a bus stop serving 4 different bus routes adjacent to the site.

Holloway Road (Source: Google Earth)

COMMERCIAL

EDUCATION

SECONDARY ROADS

COMMUNITY

DLR TRACKS

RELIGIOUS

UNDERGROUND STATION

OTHER

ANYLYSED AREA

PRISON SITE

Cat and Mouse Library adjacent to prison site on Camden Road (Source: Google Earth)

Tufnell Park (Source: Evenng Standard)

Map of surrounding neighbourhood and connectivity INDUSTRIAL PRIMARY ROADS

A new development should incorporate more some mixed uses in order to better serve existing and future residents with essential services and conveniences.

While there are a few mixed use areas centred around the nodes at Tufnell Park, Holloway Road, Kentish Town and Becknock Road, the area around the prison site is predominantly residential.

Design Opportunities/Threats: There is an opportunity for the site to bridge the gap between these three nodes and become another intermediary hub of essential services and public space. This could include a new transport RESIDENTIAL connection.

Design opportunities/threats:

Map of land uses RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL PRIMARY ROADS

EDUCATION

SECONDARY ROADS

COMMUNITY

DLR TRACKS

RELIGIOUS

UNDERGROUND STATION

OTHER

ANYLYSED AREA

PRISON SITE

keys

URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY

GSEducationalVersion

URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY

GSEducationalVersion

Holloway

Tufnell Park

3 4 2

Calledonian Rd

1

Hillmarton

Bus services along Camden Road

1. INTRODUCTION

1 : 15,000 2. STRATEGY

1 : 15,000 3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

6

1.2.

Typologies

Environment

Typologies of the surrounding neighbourhood vary from terraced housing, often in the form of perimeter blocks rising to 3-4 storeys, to towers and slabs, rising up to 10 storeys, built in the second half of the twentieth century. The latter often provide higher residential densities by accomodating a high number of flats, although terraces and even detached victorian houses can achieve reasonable densities when subdivided. Numerous higher-density developments have also been built since the start of the twenty-first century.

Victorian terraces in a perimeter block Yerbury/Beversbrook/Tytherton Road (Source: Google Earth)

1960s open perimeter blocks on Tufnell Park Road (Source: Google Earth)

A semi-detached victorian house on Anson Road, this type of building typically accomodates 4 units (Source: Google Earth)

1970s Bakersfield Estate rises to 10 storeys in parts (Source: Google Earth)

In the case of subdivided Victorian buildings it is often only ground floor flats that have access, while residents on upper floors have no private amenity space.

Green and open spaces

There are a few green and open spaces in the neighbourhood within walking distance of Holloway Prison, including playing fields and playgrounds. However, only 13% of land in Islington is classified as “open space with access”, resulting in the borough ranking among the lowest in London. When compared nationally, it is one of the local authorities with the lowest amount of green space per 1000 people, partly due to its dense population.

Local Policy

The Environmental Design SPD highlights numerous approaches relevant to major development.

Ensuring new green spaces benefit existing wildlife.

Preservation of existing biodiversity and encouraging its growth through ecological landscaping and microclimate creation and green roofs/walls. Such features also help with cooling as high temperatures become more common in the UK.

View across of private gardens from Dalmeny Road

More recent, higher density development is more likely to offer private and communal amenity space to more residents, equalising the benefits of green spaces.

Enhancing links to existing green spaces.

Incorporate sustainable drainage systems. As Islington is highly urbanised there are few permeable surfaces in the borough, meaning that the risk of surface water flooding is increased, particularly with a higher incidence of storms due to climate change.

Therefore, the creation of permeable elements, such as rain gardens, green roofs and water features should be considered.

Example of private and communal amenity arrangements at Buckhurst House, Dalmeny Avenue

1:50,000 Southern Space, a late 2010s development on Dalmeny Avenue by Southern Housing (Source: Google Earth)

New high density development on Eden Road/Holloway Road with mixed typologies integrating with historic terraces (Source: Google Earth)

Design opportunities/threats: New developments may serve as reference points to guide design for the prison site Sensitive design will be required to ensure development respects the historic and height context.

1. INTRODUCTION

Map: Parks and Gardens (Source, Islington, Local Topic Paper, Green infrastructure, 2020 p.16; Author’s annotations) Prison site

Analysis neighbourhood

Despite the lack of public green space the surrounding neighbourhoods appear “leafy“ thanks to an abundance of greenery in private and semi-private gardens. However, these spaces have unequal access.

2. STRATEGY

Design opportunities/threats: Opportunity to provide public open/green space in a new development.

Opportunity to ensure all units have private amenity space as recommended in the 2020 London Plan (GLA, 2020) It will be important to create a clear distinction between private and public amenity space to ensure a sense of owership and safety.

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

Map of existing trees (Source: Peabody, 2020)

1:5000

Design opportunities/threats: The provision of green/open spaces for resident and public enjoyment could have co-benefits for biodiversity, drainage and climate resilience.

Existing biodiversity on the site, such as trees, should be protected wherever possible.

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

7

1.3.

The Site

Access and Permeability

Access to the site is limited to one main en trance (from Camden Road) with the other entrance, a service road, currently out of action. The site itself is surrounded by a barrier wall, approximately 2m high, and any other pedestrian access points are gated and controlled. As a result, the site has historically been disconnected from the surrounding area, creating severance between surrounding neighbourhoods as well as the site and its immediate context as it is impermeable to the public.

Site capacity

Site elevation

Air Pollution on Camden Road

The prison site is approximately 4.05 hectares in size, which is comparable to Buckingham Palace, London and a Superblock in Barcelona.

The site decreases in height by approximately 4-5metres from the south-west of the site to north-east (Dalmeny Avenue to Chambers Road). The elevation of the site presents challenges of building height and the permeation of daylight and risk of shadowing. Additionally the south-west of the site also sits within a protected viewing corridor whcih further restricts the height of buildings.

Air pollution has reduced significantly in recent decades and will continue to do so thanks to the expansion of the Ultra Low Emissions Zone.

Nonetheless, Camden Road continues to be a polluted corridor.

Design opportunities/threats: The elevation could be taken advantage of to accomodate undercroft car parking.

Site comparison with Barcelona superblock (Source: Google Earth)

1:7000

Site comparison with Buckingham Palace (Source: Google Earth)

Development will need to respect height limits of 6 storeys in the viewing corridor and aim to integrate into the surrounding height context.

Design opportunities/threats: Development should seek to mitigate the impact of air pollution on new residents.

Increasing permeability of the site should minimise the extension of polluting and noisy traffic into its area.

Heights

Most of the buildings adjacent to the site are in the range of 2-5 storeys. The bakersfield to the north of the site reaches up to 10 storeys in parks.

Current Access Current

1:3500

Site boundary

Design opportunities/threats: Reconnecting the site to the surrounding area will be key opportunity offered by redevelopment.

This is also suggested in the SPD.

NO2 levels 2020 (Source: London Air) Site topography

1:10,000

1:5000

1:20,000 Design opportunities/threats: The taller context of the Bakersfield estate to the north of the site would allow a higher number of storeys in the adjacent site area.

Elsewhere, development heights will need to be considered carefully so they do not impose excessively on the existing context.

Potential access and permeability Potential access points

Viewing corridor

PM10 levels 2020 (Source: London Air)

1:3500

Potential permeability

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

2.1.

8

The Vision

Key Design Principles Community

The previous analysis identified key opportunities for the site. There is potential to provide a place created for and by the community with public spaces, convenient amenitites and essential housing.

FOCUS ON PROVIDING A DEVELOPMENT THAT EFFICTIVELY SERVES THE LOCAL COMMUNITY

A new mixed-use neighbourhood that provides essential housing for the community, including the provision of family homes and smaller dwellings for the elderly and young professionals, whilst also providing a public realm kitted with essential facilities, services and conveiences to create a place for the community and knit together the surrounding neighbourhood.

Additionally, a key part of the vision is to preserve the site’s historical significance for women and the community. Similarly the provision of “green“ spaces is important in creating a pleasant and useable environment.

Green Environment

Vision

THE PEOPLES HUB

A place supporting the local community

CREATE A NETWORK OF GREEN SPACES ACROSS THE DEVELOPMENT TO ENCOURAGE WELL-BEING

A selection of public and private outdoor areas consisting of courtyards, a wellness walkway on the border of the site, private gardens and terraces and the central square. These new areas will provide space for relaxtion, socialising and excercising and will promote health living and are especially important in a post-pandemic soceity.

Women

CREATE A HUB OF SUPPORT BOTH FOR WOMEN AND ALL OF SOCIETY AND PRESERVING THE HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SITE

The community desired Women‘s Centre will provide essential services to any member of the community needing support, help, a place to be with particular focus on members of society experiencing the criminal justice system. This new hub will be a landmark for support not only in Islington but also nationally.

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

2.2.

9

The Vision: Community Key Objectives Key Analysis

HOUSING

To provide essential housing for the growing population of Islington, including at least 50% affordable housing.

Community Voices

To create a mix of dwelling sizes to provide 1-bed apartments for young professionals and the elderly, alongside flexible 2-bed homes and 3-bed homes, focused on the ground floors of buildings, for family units.

To create a place to strengthen the local community

PUBLIC SPACE

To provide spaces that are open to the public so that the local area’s deficit of open space can be tackled.

Community Plan for Holloway Group Logo

For people to share and enjoy

To create a mix of open spaces including green spaces and a public sqaure to allow for all-year round use and to provide the opportunity for markets.

To encourage use of the site by the surrounding neighbourhood and to create a meeting point between the three surrounding nodes; Kentish Town, Holloway Road and Tufnell Green.

A park, health centre, child‘s play area , a womens centre ...

I just need rent I can afford

SERVICES

To provide a hub of essential services for the community, considering the predominantly residential nature of the surroundings, and bridge the gap between the surrounding nodes (listed above).

Congress Square, Ljubljana, Slovenia is inspiration for the public space

To combine retail, supermarkets, affordable workspaces, services such as doctors and a nursery, and public space to create a “one-stop“ spot for the community, providing all the essentials in one place.

ACCESSIBILITY AND INCLUSIVITY

To ensure good connectivity of the site, providing parking for visitors to the site (short-term) and ensuring the provision of bus stops to enable efficient and easy connection with surrounding areas and to larger transport hubs.

The main aim of the vision for the Holloway Prison site is ensuring that the needs of the community are forefront in the design.

Consultation with the community has demonstrated the need for mixed sized homes, but also the desire for creating a significant, exciting and vital space for the community, to provide public spaces, essential services, retail and a meeting point for the community.

Key objectives for this branch of the design have been drawn from the previous analysis.

1. INTRODUCTION

To create design which is inclusive of all demographics, ensuring design meets the different needs of women, the disabled, children and the elderly.

Community Plan for Holloway Group Vision Graphic 2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

2.3.

10

The Vision: Green Key Objectives Key Analysis

PUBLIC SPACE

To create essential green space for the neighbourhood.

Local Green Spaces

To protect the biodiversity of the site, as recognised in the site analysis, the Holloway Prison Site was a relatively green environment compared ot its locality. The preservation of any big trees where possible from the site and ensuring the same amount, if not an increase, of green space in the masterplan.

London Borough of Islington

To ensure the public space can be used all year round, balancing green provision with hard, but permeable surfaces to ensure bad weather does not affect the useablity of the space in the winter.

PRIVATE SPACE

To provide high-quality green space for the residents is also of key importance to the vision. Residents should have access to private or semi-private green space. For family units the provision of private gardens is essential and on upper floor flats, balaconies with green aspects will also be provided.

Access to Public Green Space in London Boroughs (gov.uk 2014)

The above map shows Islington as having the lowest green space provision compared to other London boroughs. A key objective of the vision is therefore to create a tranquil and pleasant space for residents and visitors of the site by incorporating green features.

Johannesburg Green Roof Scheme to encoruage biodiversity in inner city areas

ACCESSIBILITY AND INCLUSIVITY

To provide green space that are accessible for all; children, the elderly, the disabled and all demographics.

To create safe green spaces for children including play streets with no vehicle access, to allow for children to play safely.

DESIGN Key design ideas for the masterplan include: • Green Roofs: to soften the view of the site from any overlooking flats and from an aerial viewpoint. Green roofs are also a useful tool for encouraging biodiversity of wildlife, such as bees and birds.

• Green Walkway: to create a peaceful walking route within the site which will promote healthy excercise and act as a tranquil environment for its users.

As identified in the analysis of the surrounding neighbourhood, the provision of public green space is considerably low, despite private green provision, in the form of gardens, being relatively common for the area.

Graphic of green walking route, inspirtation for the site 1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

2.4.

11

The Vision: Women Key Objectives Key Analysis

HERITAGE

To protect the heritage of the site and the history of the suffragette inmates from the early 20th Century.

Historical Significance

To ensure new residents and visitors of the site understand and respect the significance of the site.

SUPPORT SERVICES

To provide the support servies that previously served the site. This will be in the form of a bespoke Women’s Centre as a landmark for the community, hopefully recognised as a place for support and help and to preserve the history of the site.

Niki Gibbs women‘s centre design.

To create a “safe space“ that will provide support, refuge, emergency accommodation, health services and more.

ACCESSIBILITY AND INCLUSIVITY

To create an environment that is accessible and safe for all members of the community, particularly for women.

Map of support services, particularly for women, in the surrounding neighbourhood

The Holloway Prison Site is significant for the history of the female rights movement, the Suffragettes, and for all women who have been imprisoned here. Prior to the closure of the prison, support services where available for the inmates, these have since been dispersed across the neighbourhood (see map above). The opportunity for the site is to re-unite these services and provide a space that offers refuge, therapy and guidance for women.

An example of a local support organisation formerly involved with Holloway Prison

To provide services and support accessible to all members of society, not just women.

DESIGN Key design ideas for the masterplan include: • Preservation of the artwork found on the walls of the former prison and recreating these pieces throughout the public space as a commemoration of the heritage and to inspire a creative atmosphere.

• To make use of the red-brick of the existing site buildings for areas of the site.

• Preserve the wall of the site which has a distinctive curve to it, in a different form and although previously a symbol of imprisonment, for the future of the site the curve can be a symbol of freedom.

Example of inmates artwork found in the prison

Additionally, the significance of the site for the women will be included throughout the formulation of the masterplan, ensuring design is repectful for female needs and preserves the history of the women inmates.

Local resident and member of Community Plan for Holloway Group (CP4H), Niki Gibbs, designed a women‘s centre shaped as the female gender symbol.

1. INTRODUCTION

Proposed womens fountain in the public space, preserving the art and a reminder of the heritage.

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

3.1.

S C H E M E 1

Family Superblocks

The first design of the Holloway Prison site was centred around 3 main themes:

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

• Central Square

• Family units

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

• Barcelona Superblock

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

12

13

S C H E M E 1 Family Superblocks

DWELLING UNITS: 818

TYPICAL BUILDING TYPE: PERIMETER BLOCK

2 1

AVERAGE STOREYS: 6.5

PPAAR RKKH HUURS RSTTR D. R D.

2 1

33

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RD RD

EN N D M DE A C AM

C

PLOT COVERAGE: 33%

4

RD .

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FAR: 1.6

CA MD ENCA RMDDE .N

3.1.

DENSITY: 181 units/ha 1. INTRODUCTION

1 EMELLINE SQ.

2 WOMEN’S CENTRE

URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY 2. STRATEGY 3. PROPOSED SCHEMES GSEducationalVersion

3 MIX USE

4 NURSERY

DESIG

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

S C H E M E 1

Family Superblocks

• Central Square

The design is centred around a public square which is predominantly a public green space (1). There is a womens centre (2) on one side of the square and a mixed-use building (3) on the other. Apart from the park , other green areas are distributed throughout the design as inner block greenery and rows of trees around the new development.

2 1 3

4

2 1

• Family units

3

4

From the overall 818 dwelling units in the design, over 200 are 3 bedroom family units with the remaining 600 being single bedroom units targeted at young professionals. In support of families there is a nursery (4) by the mix-use building next to Camden Rd.

• Barcelona Superblock

Three perimeter blocks inspired

by Barcelona’s Superblock form the main background for the majority of family units. These blocks offer a safe environment on their inside where children can play in a semi-private garden, accessible only to the residents of each block.

2 1 3

4

SECTIONS 1 1:500

URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY

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2 1 3

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SECTIONS 1 1:500

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1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

CA MD EN

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3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

14

3.2.

S C H E M E 2

The second design of the Holloway Prison site was centred around 3 main themes: • Public green spaces

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

• Maximum dwelling units

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

Voisin Holloway

• Mix-used unit with Womens Centre

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

15

16

S C H E M E 2 Voisin Holloway

DWELLING UNITS: 1002

PPAAR RKKH HUURS RSTTR D. R D.

TYPICAL BUILDING TYPE: LINEAR BLOCK

AVERAGE STOREYS: 8

2

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RD RD

EN N D M DE A C AM

2

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PLOT COVERAGE: 21%

1

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1 FAR: 1.7

CA MD ENCA RMDDE . N

3.2.

DENSITY: 222 units/ha 1. INTRODUCTION

1 MIX USE

URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY 2. STRATEGY 3. PROPOSED SCHEMES GSEducationalVersion

2 PUBLIC PARK

DESIG

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

S C H E M E 2

Voisin Holloway

• Public green spaces

Scheme 2 was divided into a more public section by Camden and Parkhurst Road and a more private one away from the busy streets. Since there are not many public green spaces in the area, this design offers a large park (2) not only to the “developments inhabitants“, but to people from the surrounding neighbourhood.

2

1

• Maximum dwelling units

2

Three continuous slabs spanning across the length of the site creates a contrast to the open nature of the public frontage on Camden Rd . The height of each slab is adapted to the protected viewing corridor on the south west of the site.

The slabs then gain height towards the north, peaking at a height of 12 floors.

1

• Mix-used unit with Womens Centre (1)

To reflect on the history of the Holloway Prison a Womens Centre is located in a mix-use multi-floor building on the south end of the site. This part of the development provides necesarry amenities to the residents of the development and offers a number of new work places to peaple from the surrounding areas.

2

1

SECTIONS 2 1:500

URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY

GSEducationalVersion

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SECTIONS 2 1:500

URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY

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1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

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3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

17

18

Scheme 1 & 2 Overview 2. Voisin Holloway

1. Family Superblocks

The first design scheme came from the central ideas of Superblocks, with the aim of providing family units for the community within Holloway and Central London. The main strengths of this design are the amount of family units it provides, and the location of the women’s centre. Its main weaknesses are how it does not provide a lot of green public space for the community, as there is more green space for the residents, located within each perimeter block.

The second design scheme came from the central ideas of Le Corbusier and high-rise slab buildings, where building footprint is minimised, and dwelling density maximised. The main strengths are how it caters to many dwelling units, whilst still respecting the viewing corridor and the large open public green spaces, which are lacking in the Borough of Islington. The main weaknesses of this design are the high density figures, how there is not much private green space for residents and how the women’s centre is located along Camden Road.

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DESIGN 01 1:2000 URBAN DESIGN: LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY

TY AND TYPOLOGY

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1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

19

3.4.

Scheme 1 & 2 Comparison

Family Superblocks Strengths Optimises unit capacity without sacrificing space or dual aspect homes.

Density

Social/Community

Provides social infrastructure, such as shops, GP and a Nursery.

818 total units - 213 3bed flats - 605 2bed flats

Residential

50% are affordable homes

Weaknesses High FAR ratio, resulting in alot of the land being built up

Does not cater to elderly people specifically

Not as many dwelling units are provided, as ‘ Voisin Holloway’

Voisin Holloway Strengths Lots of open public space for the residents.

Large public space to increase community cohesion and site permeability & provides green open thearuptic landscape.

1002 total units - 198 3bed flats, - 804 1bed flats 50% are affordable homes Existing trees along Camden Rd are kept, respects viewing corridor, responds to natural topography of the site & features lots of green space.

Weaknesses High number of units/ha

Features a strong public/private divide

High density plan, with lots of 1bed flats, and not many family homes

Environment

Respects the viewing corridor and responds to the natural topography of the site.

There is a lack of open public green space.

Overall Design

A unique design, that plays on Superblock principle.

A mixture of public and private roads, and mixture of typologies.

Plays on Le Corbuiser style architecture, and the shape mirros the site shape.

Site permeability is not increased.

Womens Centre

Located in a central place, and provides critical services. Has more space than the Peabody Plan.

Located in the main square which is very open and publically accessible, no hidden access.

Seperate from the residential units, easily accessible and also provides more space than the Peabody proposal.

Located right on the busy main road; Camden Road.

Vision

Women & Community

Green

Women & Green

Community

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

Not a lot of open space between the three slab buildings

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

3.5.

20

Final Design Synthesis

The final design incorporates key features of both of the test designs, culminating in a bespoke design that caters to the needs of Islington`s people and the immediate neighbourhood around the prison.

Design 1 Features Barcelona superblock layout

This has been retained as this allows for the creation of a community feel at the centre of individual blocks without the sense of the resident‘s space being exposed to the general public.

The majority of blocks fit the perimeter typology with a central green space exclusive to residents of that block , lined with private gardens on the ground level.

The superblock layout enables good permeabilty by creating a grid of routes across the site, thereby encouraging active travel to local shops and services.

visualisation of mixed-use spaces on the central square

Design 2 Features Public green spaces

Family-oriented design

Given the need for affordable 2-bed and 3-bed family homes in Islington, this aspect of scheme 1 has been retained. Areas highlighted in yellow are designed to be more suitable for families. These perimeter blocks will mainly accodomodate these larger homes on the lower ground and ground floors in particular in a maisonette style with private gardens backing onto the central communal space, where children can be well observed whilst playing.

Play streets and shared space, Woonerf streets will be arranged around these blocks in particular.

Central square

This will be accessible to the general public and incorporate green and water features. In combination with the mixed uses in the central block on Camden Road, this area of the development will have the potential to become a new node within the neighbourhood as these non-residential uses will create activity here.

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

People‘s Hub

More suited to families

Mixed uses on lower floors

Private gardens

Wellness walk zone Bus route

New neighbourhood node

Pedestrian Routes

Mixed uses and a women‘s centre / “People‘s Hub“ (Designs 1 and 2)

The final design will incorporate the mixed uses and women‘s centre, to be called the “People‘s Hub“ to signal wider inclusivity as proposed by both schemes, by adopting the layout proposed in Design 1. This will feature the hub on the north western side of the central square and retail, hospitality, public services (including a GP and nursery) and flexible office spaces on the first two floors of the central block along Camden Road. This central block will also provide another through route to the central square for pedestrians.

The “People‘s Hub“ will provide community spaces and activities as well as the range of therapy and support services previously offered in the prison.

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

The amentiy value of the development will be increased by adding further publically accessible green space beyond the central square, without impinging on resident privacy and comfort. This will be in the form of a tranquil green water walk along the edge of the site on the south and north western edges.

This will create a new habitat to preserve and enhance local wildlife, while also acting as a sustainable drainage feature on site. The water feature will mimic the original crinkle crankle wall of the prison site and create a clear boundary between the site and neighbouring properties and estates.

Maximising dwelling units

By accomodating more units in taller blocks ranging from 7-8 storeys (G and the upper floors of block F) the development will cater to wider housing needs while also enabling the provison of the much needed affordable family housing through cross-subsidy. However, tenures will be mixed across all blocks.

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

21

4.1.

FINAL MASTERPLAN People’s Place

DWELLING UNITS: 939

TYPICAL BUILDING TYPE: PERIMETER BLOCK

AVERAGE STOREYS: 6.5

PLOT COVERAGE: 31%

FAR: 1.7

DENSITY: 208 units/ha 1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

4.2.

Urban form: layout, typologies, massing G D

All blocks except E, F and G will be arranged in a perimeter typology, as this creates high densities withought building to heights that would be incompatible with the surrounding context. The following design features will allow adapt the perimeter block to support family living, resident well-being and a balanced private-public boundary.

1 Family homes to be concentrated on ground and

first floors in a maisonette style arrangement with individual access from the street and private garden bordering onto the central communal space. (Based on the precedent of the Kings Crescent Estate in Hackney).

2 3 4

5

Gallery access to ensure all dwellings are dual aspect in line with the London Plan policy D6.

All homes will have a private amenity space (garden or balcony) Each perimeter block will have a communal green space accessible only to residents overlooked by surrounding flats. This will support caregivers, often women as it will facilitate independent child’s play.

Staggered street - residential heights will preserve resident privacy and encourage natural surveillance of the street from the floors above the lower ground.

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5.5 storeys/16.5m 7 storeys/21m 8 storeys/24m 6.5 storeys/19.5m 7.5 storeys/22.5m Women‘s centre

Block E: women’s centre/ people’s hub Block F: mixed use on floors 1-2 with residential on the upper floors Block G: tower block rising to 8 storeys, ground floor units have front gardens with fencing or hedges to ensure privacy. Access will be via a central corridor so all units apart from those on the corners will be single aspect. However as these will face north/east and south/west they should still receive a suitable amount of light.

Block H: adheres to design design features but will be segmented to improve pedestrian permeability.

Central green space will remain exclusive to residents through fencing.

Visualisation Block H

2

1

Section of a perimeter block

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

housing quality

Gallery access makes it easier to ensure more homes are dual aspect and is recommended as an approach to achieve this in other London boroughs such as Tower Hamlets.

However, design must ensure that residents feel safe and that passersby perceive it positively.

This scheme will drawing on the examples of the Bourne Estate, Redwood Park and Silchester Estate in section D5 of the Good Homes For All Londoners SPG consultation draft.

High quality cladding materials will be used and external galleries kept short.

Multiple cores will allow gallery walkways to be broken into short segments, so that no more than three homes will be accessed by one stretch of gallery.

Thereby the space in front of homes will only be accessible to a limited number of people to maintain a sense of privacy.

Since the height of the central space of the blocks will be level with the lower ground floors, the ground in the access cores that have access to the central space will slope downwards to maintain accessibility.

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Access and

While maisonettes on lower floors will be accessed by steps, the first floor upwards will be accessed via stairs/lifts and an external gallery.

H E

Perimeter Block

22

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

Visualisation of Perimeter Block Access

1:800 Perimeter Block Unit Access (2nd floor and above) Access cores

Route to units

Gallery access

Unit access

Direction of slope

Gallery access on the Bourne Estate, Portpool Lane, London (Source: Google Earth)

Gallery access on the Silchester Estate, Shalfleet Drive, London (Source: Haworth Tompkins)

Internal view of gallery access on the Silchester Estate (Source: Haworth Tompkins)

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

4.3.

23

Mixed use building on Camden Road

Apart from the People‘s Hub, mixed uses will be concentrated on the first two floors of the central block on Camden Road (block F). These will include community facilities such as a GP practice and nursery as well as retail (including a supermarket and pharmacy) and cafes/ restaurants. These services and conveniences will serve new residents as well as the local community, creating a new node to bridge the gap between activity zones in the surrounding urban area such as Kentish Town, Tufnell Park and Holloway Road. The development will also include flexible work spaces to cater for the demand for this type of office use closer to home in the aftermath of the pandemic. The arrangement of the nursery alongisde flexible work spaces and other employment spaces intended to support parents, in particular women with young children who may only attend nursery short periods of time or need feeding during the day.

F

1 : 6500

Visualisation of view through block F from Camden Road, featuring floor artwork by original prisoners

Section of Block F Breakdown of uses, block F

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

24

Movement within Peoples Place: Overview

Movement within this design aims to maximise the ease and status of pedestrian movement, through increasing access from the site to the rest of Holloway, and promoting pedestrian movement within the site itself.

Vehicle access will be minimised to what is essential so that the neighbourhood does not become a through-route for traffic on Camden

1. Pedestrian Access

2. Play Streets

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5. Vehicle Routes

Vehicle routes are located around the site with URBAN DESIGN:restrictions LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY during certain times of the day, to enable deliveries to businesses and homes.

Walking routes are located within the site to enhance pedestrian mobility.

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

Woonerf Streets are social spaces, where

prioritise social interactions, increase legibility, limit car speeds to 20mph, all resulting in an increase in public safety.

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CA MD EN

The hierarchy network between pedestrians DESIGN:and LAYOUT, DENSITYcan AND TYPOLOGY vehicles be seen here. Primary access networks are pedestrian, shown in yellow.

Secondary access networks are woonerf, shown in blue. Lastly, vehicle access networks are tertiary, shown in red.

Key: Orange = Primary Blue = Secondary Red = Tertiary

URBAN DESIGN:there LAYOUT, DENSITY AND TYPOLOGY is no division between cars and people. They

for pedestrian access and have street furniture on to enhance play.

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Play streets are located within the site near

URBAN DESIGN:and LAYOUT, DENSITY TYPOLOGY around theAND family units. These streets are only

4. Street Hierarchy

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The site will promote pedestrian access through encouraging all paths and streets to be walk-able within the site.

1. INTRODUCTION

3. Woonerf Streets

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The proposed route in the map above will restrict from emergency vehicles and drivers who have been issued with access permits, between 7-9am, seven days a week to prioritise pedestrian access.

street hierarchy URBAN DESIGN:access LAYOUT, DENSITY TYPOLOGY to all AND vehicles, apart GSEducationalVersion

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

4.5.

25

Movement within Peoples Place: Walkway & Pedestrian Networks Therapeutic Walkway

Woonerf Streets

Play Streets

Woonerf streets are a concept which provide a shared space, allowing pedestrians, bikes and vehicles to be equal, resulting in overall quality of life increasing. This is achieved through helping to maintain safety and personal security through reducing vehicle speed and increasing passive surveillance by discouraging road and footpath separation. They also encourage directness and are designed in sympathy with the local context, all resulting in an environment where space, landscaping and buildings dominate, rather than roads and cars. Requirements for these streets can be seen in the concept diagram Woonerf Concept diagram

Clear entry & exit signs Speed limit 10mph

Narrow meandering path down the middle for moving vehicles

Street furniture

Landscaping

Room for cars to park or pull over as a traffic calming measure

Along the northern and western side of the site, there will be a therapeutic wellness walkway that that honours the site’s history. This walkway will feature numerous elements, but primarily a waterway, that curves in the shape of the old prison wall. Along this path, direct pedestrian and bike access to the site will be provided. Furthermore, this water feature will assist with sustainable urban drainage, helping mitigate surface water flooding, which is a risk in Islington due to the high levels of urbanisation.

Along with other green spaces, it will provide amenity for local people but also a habitat in which biodiversity can thrive.

Around the Perimeter Blocks, near the family maisonettes, play streets will be provided. These streets are pedestrian only, and provide the infrastructure for children to play, through a communal toy box, playful street furniture of hammocks, drawing floors and climbing frames, all provided in this design. Benefits of play streets are seen across many factors; through improving health, increasing independence, highlighting the importance of sharing and team work, and also strengthening community cohesion.

Bike parking racks

Kids play furniture

Signle materials for the whole street.; no curbs or pavements

Cross-section of therapeutic walkway, woonerf street and a play street.

A B

Northern pedestrian access point

11m

6m

11m

3m

4m

2m

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2m

4m

A Therapuetic walkway

1. INTRODUCTION

Private open space

2. STRATEGY

Walkway

Playstreet

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

Woonerf

11m

3m Residential

3m

7.5m

Shared green space

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

11m

4m

2m

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1 : 150

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

4.6.

26

Movement within Design: Vehicles network Cross-sections of main access roads

Traffic calming measures

Vehicles can enter the site through two main access roads (A and C) located along Camden Road and Parkhurst Road.

By introducing a two-way road surrounding the site, it ensures most of the vehicles operate around the site, thus, reducing the likelihood of pedestrian injury or fatality by vehicles.

The 7-9am route restricts all vehicles, apart from emergency vehicles and drivers who have been issued with access permits, from entering the site between 7-9am.

This limits overall vehicular movement, further reinforces pedestrian movements within the site and contributes to city-wise efforts to reduce pollution exposure, while allowing delivery orders to be dropped off at all buildings anytime between 7-9am.

Following Islington Council‘s commitment towards achieving the goal of 20mph compliance within the borough (Islington Council, 2015), we are proposing to implement the 20mph zone on the site. The main objectives are to shift priority from vehicles to pedestrians and ensure greater safety for cyclists and pedestrians especially the kids. These will be achieved by incorporating the following measures throughout the site:

C

B

• repeated 20mph signing • terminal sign at the beginning and end of road • 20mph road markings in the vicinity of play streets and at key points such as where the speed limit changes.

20mph & home zone

20mph terminal sign

Speed humps

Asphalt (2-way road)

Bus stop

Safety Considerations

A

Additional measures will be implemented to draw the attention to the driver of road condition changes, including: • varied road textures; • home zone signs; and • traffic calming measures e.g. speed humps.

Section A

Section B

Bus route

Section C

Buses will enter the site from access road C and leave the site from access road B and a new bus stop (marked as blue dot) will be located within the site. This improves permeability and connectivity between the site and its surrounding areas.​The area is fully permeable for walking along all routes, but permeability is further maximised for walking through the provision of bus link from Parkhurst Road into the site.

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

27

Umbrella Square

The centre of the People‘s Place Masterplan is Umbrella Square, a public space which the residential areas border and is fronted by the Camden Road Retail block and at the back is The Hub.

The name ‚Umbrella Sqaure‘ was selected as a collective name, to incorporate all elements of the vision and which encompassed all the key features of the final masterplan. Umbrella Square is designed as a meeting point for the local neighbourhood and for the residents. The square will encourage socialising, relaxation, children playing and many more actvities.

•

2

Effective Lighting to ensure the safety of all users by providing good lighting throughout the site without causing light pollution to residents.

Public Art as a key part of the vision for Women and preserving the heritage of the site Community toy box to encourage outdoor play and excercies both for children of residents and visitors.

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1. The square features a section of green space alongside a hard surface to allow easier accessibility for wheelchairs and pushchairs, and also to allow for usage in the winter. The central space will also be accessible by a ramp for those with mobility challenges arriving from the south of the site.

2. These steps are located to the south-west of the square and act as a resting point for visitors and provide a subtle barrier between the public space and the more private residential area.

3. The interface between Umbrella Square and the retail centre will be a space for outside dining and benches to create a bustley atmosphere and encourgae visitors to remain in the space. This part will also have evening activity, resturants and a bar to ensure there is activity in the space as it gets dark.

4. This sitting area also allows for care-givers to watch children playing in the park .

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undercroft parking 1

underground parking 1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

4.8.

28

The Hub Height: 5-7 storeys A

Community desired space:

6,000 sq.m

As the masterplan evolved, it became apparent that the ‚Women‘s Centre‘ was not appropriate for the vision. The vision is inclusive and about the community and as a result the Womens Centre has for the purpose of this masterplan become THE HUB.

The Hub will provide the essential support services outlined in the vision. Creating a safe and supportive space for all the community, honoring the heritage and the previous women‘s services associated with the site.

The image below illustrates the design of local resident Niki Gibbs, and while her ideas where considered this masterplan includes a smaller building, allowing for more housing.

Masterplan delivery: 6,9000 sq.m

Emergency Accomodation

Access core with stairs and lift

Residential

Private open space

Access only street

Residential

Public green space

A

Support Services

Public Space Meeting Place GP surgery

4m

11m

3m

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4m

66m

8m

11m

Private open space Flexible work spaces Residential Roof garden for local workers

4m Access only street

Spa and Health Services

Public green space Public Space

The Hub is located off the central square and while it‘s position is striking, there will be Community Space surgery to keep anonymity and privacy. The various access points from other sides of the GP buildings positioning of the Hub is central to the design because of the significance of the building for Cafes/restaurants the community and for women national. Niki Gibbs, a local resident, advocates for the building to become a recognised icon for support and for women.Supermarket

Gym

Retail

Reception Area

The diagram (right) illustrates the imagined uses of the building, ranging from open uses Pharmacy at ground floor, up to more private and niche services on the the third floor and then into accomodation on the upper floors, to provide housing in emergency or for people Pedestrian access tosituations shops, cafes, experiencing the criminal justice system. The floorplannursery, is an idea of uses rather than a finalised GP and women’s square plan and provides insight into the types of support offered to the community in addition to the Camden Road retail block at the front of the site.

Nursery

Entrance Hall

Lounge / Cafe

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

29

Conclusion

The 2020 London Plan stipulates a design-led approach, where site capacity is optimised, and developments are ‘of the most appropriate form of land use for the site’. The regeneration proposal ‘People’s Place’ for Holloway Prison fulfils this requirement. People’s Place is a bespoke development scheme that satisfies local needs identified from local policy and context, optimising site capacity.

Careful consideration has been given to what aspects of the development should take priority and by balancing the needs of future residents with those of the existing community.

The first aspect identified was that of affordable housing, particularly family housing, which is in conjunction with the second aspect; a hub for the community to come together, where services are offered. Given that a substantial part of the neighbourhood surrounding the prison comprises of low-density terraces, accommodating an average of 80 dwellings per hectare, the prison site offers an opportunity to build at densities that are better suited to Islington’s contemporary housing requirements. Respecting the surrounding scale, however, and creating a place that could support family living and resident well-being was of key importance. Therefore, perimeter blocks were selected as the main typology for the site as this could achieve a dwelling density of 208 units/ha, with ample provision for family units on lower floors without imposing on the surrounding urban character with excessive heights. Peoples place provides 939 units, with 50% affordable. Additional infrastructure such as the nursery and bus route extension are designed, to satisfy the increased demand provided with the new homes (GLA, 2020, p.113).

Improving environmental conditions on and around the site for human well-being, climate resilience and sustainability of the wider neighbourhood was another key aspect identified. The development provides a network of routes (pedestrian and vehicular) that allow it to reconnect surrounding sub-neighbourhoods hitherto severed by the prison. This and the fact that many of these routes will be car-free or shared ‘Woonerf’ zones will stimulate more active travel and independent child’s play. The new extended bus route will encourage more sustainable modes of transport, enabling a car-free lifestyle and contributes towards the borough- and city-wide efforts to reduce pollution exposure of vulnerable residents. (Islington Council, 2021; point G of policy GG2 London Plan). Providing green space for the public to remediate the lack in the surrounding area had to be balanced with the need of providing private residential amenity space. This was achieved around the edges of the site through the water feature, which also acts as a natural boundary and facilitates sustainable drainage, a key concern for a highly urbanised area like Islington (point 14 of policy D3 London Plan). Umbrella Square acts both as an amenity space and a gathering place to facilitate social interaction and integration between the new and wider community.

Finally, the last aspect was the creation of a women’s centre and reprovision of practical and therapeutic services lost through the prison closure. This need couched in the wider demand for social services was combined with goals of creating a gathering place and honouring the women’s history of the site to create a people’s ‘hub’, inclusive of all genders.

Overall, through all the aforementioned aspects and aims, People’s Place is a proposal that aims to support and provide for the current and future needs of citizens and the environment, whilst also solidifying the heritage of the prison itself.

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

30

References •

Evening Standard (2017) Islington rated worst place in UK for women to live. Online. (Accessed 13 April 2021). https://www.standard. co.uk/news/london/islington-is-worst-place-in-uk-for-women-to-live-as-three-other-london-boroughs-rank-in-bottom-10-a3632666.html

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Fields in Trust (2019) Provision: Spotlight on Islington Borough Council. Online (Accessed 10 April 2021). http://www.fieldsintrust.org/ News/spotlight-on-islington-borough-council

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Ford, M. (2017) Islington: A Local Needs Analysis. Online (Accessed 9 April 2021). https://acommunityplanforholloway.files.wordpress. com/2017/04/islington-a-local-needs-analysis.pdf

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Gov.uk (2018) Age groups. Online (Accessed 10 April 2021). https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/uk-population-by-ethnicity/demographics/age-groups/latest#:~:text=by%20ethnicity%20Summary-,The%20data%20shows%20that%3A,aged%20 60%20years%20and%20over

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Greater London Authority (2018) Land Area and Population Density, Ward and Borough. Online (Accessed 12 April 2021). https://data. london.gov.uk/dataset/land-area-and-population-density-ward-and-borough

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Greater London Authority (2021) The London Plan. Online (Accessed 16 March 2021). https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/ the_london_plan_2021.pdf

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Islington (2011) Core Strategy. Online (Accessed 6 April 2021). https://www.islington.gov.uk/planning/planning-policy/islington-local-plan/core-strategy

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Islington (2012) Environmental Design Planning Guidance Tackling fuel poverty, enhancing quality of life and environment for all.

(Accesed 12th April 2021). https://www.islington.gov.uk/-/media/sharepoint-lists/public-records/planningandbuildingcontrol/ publicity/publicconsultation/20192020/20190926environmentaldesignspdoctober2012.pdf?la=en&hash=17F43F5F7052CC8CC5E3D1A9591DAD133BA5B16B

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Islington (2018) Holloway Prison Supplementary Planning Document. Online (Accessed 24 March 2021). https://www.islington.gov.uk/ planning/planning-policy/supplementary-planning-documents/holloway-prison

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Islington (2020a) State of Equalities in Islington Annual Report (Accessed 12 March 2021). https://www.islington.gov.uk/~/media/sharepoint-lists/public-records/communications/information/adviceandinformation/20192020/20200131stateofequalitiesreport20201. pdf

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Islington (2020b) Local Plan Topic Paper: Housing. Online. (Accessed 30 March 2021). https://www.islington.gov.uk/-/media/sharepoint-lists/public-records/planningandbuildingcontrol/publicity/publicconsultation/20192020/20200212sd19housingtopicpaper.pdf

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Islington (2020c) Local Plan Topic Paper: Green Infrastructure. Online (Accessed 2 April 2021). https://www.islington.gov.uk/-/media/ sharepoint-lists/public-records/planningandbuildingcontrol/publicity/publicconsultation/20192020/20200212sd17greeninfrastructuretopicpaper.pdf

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Krysiak, N. (2020) Designing Child-Friendly High Density Neighbourhoods. Online. (Accessed 7 March 2021). https://issuu.com/ citiesforplay/docs/child_friendly_high_density_neighbourhoods

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Mayor of London (2020) Good Quality Homes for Londoners Guidance. Online. (Accessed 1 April 2021). https://consult.london.gov.uk/ good-quality-homes-for-all-londoners

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Tower Hamlets (2020) High Density Living Supplementary Planning Document. Online (Accessed 06 March 2021). https://ehq-production-europe.s3.eu-west 1.amazonaws.com/805e6e35137053d0ab514b55daeefb3990f478a3/original/1612259120/ Appendix_1_-_High_Density_Living_SPD_Dec_2020_Cabinet_LR.pdf_362a86c7f9768bebe9a41e44cce3de36?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS 4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIBJCUKKD4ZO4WUUA%2F20210322%2Feu-west-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_ request&X-Amz-Date=20210322T112733Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=767873959fd0f1384a36fc045ac83aa8db119467ce5c82da01321b9c33866980

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Islington Council (2015) 20mph Limit report back. Meeting of Environment and Regeneration Scrutiny Committee, 3 February 2015.

Online. (Accessed 23 March 2021). Available from: https://democracy.islington.gov.uk/documents/s3280/20mph%20limit.pdf

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Greater London Authority (2020) London Plan 2020. London, December 2020. Online. (Accessed 23 March 2021) .https://www.london. gov.uk/sites/default/files/the_publication_london_plan_2020_-_clean_version_0.pdf

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Holloway Prison Site (2017) Supplementary Planning Document (SPD): a plan for the future of Holloway Prison site. Online. (Accessed 23 March 2021). https://www.islington.gov.uk/~/media/sharepoint-lists/public-records/planningandbuildingcontrol/information/ adviceandinformation/20172018/20180103hollowayprisonsitespd.PDF UCL BPLN0056 Urban Design Layout, Density, Typol ogy

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STRATEGY

3. PROPOSED SCHEMES

4. FINAL MASTERPLAN

6. REFERENCES

6. REFERENCES