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Sunday, 14 January, 2024 I 2 Rajab, 1445

Rs 15.00 | Vol XIV No 196 I 8 Pages I Islamabad Edition

PTI LOSES ‘BAT’ AS SUPREME COURT SETS ASIDE PHC DECISION ‘BATTLE FOR ELECTORAL SYMBOL ENDS’

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FIVE-PAGE UNANIMOUS VERDICT SAYS ‘IT CANNOT BE STATED THAT ECP WAS VICTIMIZING PTI’

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IT STATES PTI’S PETITION FILED IN PHC WAS ‘NOT MAINTAINABLE’

‘We are strong party’: PTI to contest elections independently: Gohar

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ISLAMABAD STAFF REPORT

AKISTAN Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) suffered yet another blow, as the Supreme Court on Saturday declared the Peshawar High Court’s (PHC) January 10 order ‘null and void’, depriving the embattled party of electoral symbol ‘bat.’

The decision comes moments before the expiry of the deadline for allotment of electoral symbol, which was extended till midnight by the ECP earlier in the day.

In the unanimous verdict, the threemember bench, comprising Chief Justice of Pakistan Qazi Faiz Isa, Justice Muhammad Ali Mazhar and Justice Musarrat Hilali, declared that the PTI’s intra-party elections were unconstitutional. The court reserved the verdict after marathon hearing for two day, which was broadcast live on the apex court’s website.

CJP Faez Isa stated that the plea in Peshawar High Court was inadmissible as a single case cannot proceed in two High Courts at the same time.

The verdict said Pakistan Tehreek-e-

Insaf (PTI) failed to present evidence of holding transparent intra-party elections as all political parties are bound to hold free and fair intra-party elections.

The apex court’s unanimous verdict came after hours of wait as Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) Qazi Faez Isa-led three-member bench decided to uphold the Election Commission of Pakistan’s (ECP) plea. The top court allowed ECP’s petition by setting aside the high court’s ruling, and upheld the December 22 decision of the electoral body.

The five-page verdict stated that the apex court judges “do not agree with the learned judges [of the PHC] that the ECP did not have ‘any jurisdiction to question or adjudicate the intra-party elections of a political party.'”

It stated that accepting any such interpretation would render all provisions in the Election Act, 2017, that require the holding of intra party elections “illusory and of no consequence and be redundant”.

The verdict stated that since the ECP had been calling upon PTI to hold its intra-party elections since 24 May 2021, the time when the party was in power, “it cannot be stated that ECP was vic-

ISLAMABAD: The Pakistan Tehreeke-Insaf (PTI) Saturday night announced its candidates would contest the scheduled Feb 8, elections independently after the apex court decision, depriving the party of its electoral symbol.

“All PTI candidates will contest independently. We will issue a list of all our candidates with their election symbols,” PTI’s now-former chairman Barrister Gohar Ali Khan told journalists at the Supreme Court in Islamabad.

The electoral symbol is crucial to any political party as voters are aware of which candidate to vote for on polling day; however, since the PTI does not have a unified symbol now, it might lose votes due to confusion among the people.

Barrister Gohar noted that the Supreme court’s order was ‘controversial’ and it had ‘deeply disappointed’ him, announcing that his party would

timising PTI”.

In its reasoning for today’s verdict, the top court stated that the PTI’s petition filed in the PHC was “not maintainable” as it failed to disclose that another similar petition was pending before the five-member bench of the Lahore High Court (LHC).

The apex court underscored that although a petitioner “may elect to avail of his remedy before either court, but having chosen a particular court the same dispute cannot then be taken to the other court”.

It further stated that 14 PTI members, with stated credentials, had complained to ECP that the party’s internal elections

challenge the Supreme Court’s verdict.

“Whether we have the bat or not, the people are still us,” the PTI chief said, noting that it was the court’s duty to ensure that every person’s basic rights are guaranteed.

He pointed out that the technical grounds, on which the judgment was given, was misread, claiming that contesting elections independently would open new doors of corruption.

Taking over the presser, PTI leader Barrister Ali Zafar said the party was anticipating the decision, therefore, their preparations were complete. “We will compete the February 8 with allout force,” he added.

“PTI candidates cannot be barred from contesting elections as independents”, Ali Zafar said, regretting that ‘soft questions’ were asked from the people who appeared before the apex court. STAFF REPORT

had not been held, but PTI brushed aside these claims, saying that the complainants were not the party members. “[…] this bare denial was insufficient, particularly when they [complainants] had credibly established their long association with PTI,” the verdict read.

“Democracy founded Pakistan, a fundamental aspect of which is the ability to put oneself forward as a candidate and to be able to vote, both within a political party and in general elections. Anything less would give rise to authoritarianism which may lead to dictatorship.”

Chinese banks throw curveball in $600m loan talks with Pakistan. Are we surprised? g

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NEW CONDITIONS SET FORTH INDICATE THAT CHINESE MIGHT NOT ALWAYS BAIL PAKISTAN OUT PROFIT

MARIAM UMAR FAROOQ

A leading print media outlet recently reported that negotiations between Pakistan and Chinese banks – Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) and Bank of China for a $600 million loan – faced a setback due to new conditions, linking the loan disbursements to the resolution of Pakistan’s debt to Chinese Independent Power Plants (IPP).

As per the reports, these conditions were rejected by the government due to budget concerns and the risk of setting a precedent. However, Chinese officials asserted that the condition of the settlement of Chinese IPP debts is inaccurate and that they are actively collaborating with Pakistani counterparts to resolve the issue.

While speaking to Profit, Dr Ammar A. Malik, senior research scientist at AidData, commented, “This is probably the first time in the history of CPEC that the Chinese are putting this sort of pressure on Pakistan. Of course, the Chinese have denied and said that they are trying to resolve the situation but it looks like the government’s ministry of finance has clearly said that they feel that the Chi-

nese are putting conditions.”

While this situation is unprecedented, are we really surprised?

IPP policy of Pakistan In the early 1990s, Pakistan faced severe electricity shortages due to administrative negligence towards power sector infrastructure. This imbalance between demand and supply resulted in unprecedented electricity outages, creating a crisis for domestic and industrial consumers. Consequently, Pakistan introduced a new power policy in 1994 to address the situation.

These policies attracted foreign investment, in other words, independent power producers (IPPs). To incentivise IPPs, a capacity charge was introduced, which covered debt servicing, operation costs, insurance expenses, and the return on equity. Energy price was added on top of it based on energy sold. The government bought electricity from IPPs by paying a power purchase price.

The capacity charge, high tariff offered to IPPs, no incentive for cost reduction and inefficiencies added to the circular debt predicament.

Circular debt is the payment withheld by the Central Power Purchasing Agency (CPPA) due to cash flow deficit

leading to cash flow problems for other players in the supply chain.

The main causes of circular debt according to the Arif Habib Pakistan Strategy 2024 report are: “Inadequate sector governance, Delays in tariff determination and notification, Lag in fuel price adjustments, Insufficient revenue recovery from both government and private consumers, High Transmission and Distribution (T&D) losses.”

Poor collections revenue collection of power distribution companies (DISCOs) from private and government customers along with delayed and incomplete tariff differential subsidies (TDS) payment by the government to DISCOs and K-Electric adds to the shortfall in inflows.

This sets in motion a series of outstanding receivables in the books of multiple companies in the supply chain including fuel suppliers, generation companies and transmission companies.

Chinese investment in Pakistan As per data released by AidData, China’s development finance committed to Pakistan between 2000 and 2021 valued at $70.3 billion, out of which 98% was in the form of loans while grants made up for remaining 2%. Of

this financing, 8% was official development assistance (grants and highly concessional loans) and 89% was other official sector loans. The average interest rate on loans is 3.72% with 9.84 years maturity and 3.74 years grace period which means a portion of these loans has entered the repayment phase.

In terms of sectoral distribution, the energy sector saw a lion’s share at 40%, amounting to $28.4 billion. A large chunk of it came under the CPEC initiative post 2014. “Currently 14 power projects are operational under CPEC while there also exists a pipeline of upcoming projects,” remarked Basit Ghauri, an energy markets professional at a think tank in Islamabad.

These investments have also elevated China’s position on Pakistan’s debt table, as the country holds around 30% of Pakistan’s external public debt.

China’s shifting its strategy Beijing is currently grappling with a domestic banking crisis of its own.

As AidData’s recent findings, China is faced with the challenge of navigating an unfamiliar and uncomfortable role as the world’s largest official debt collector.

IHC extends till Feb 13 deadline for missing Baloch students’ recovery ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

The Islamabad High Court (IHC) on Saturday gave time till February 13, to the federal government for recovery of all missing Baloch students.

Justice Mohsin Akhtar Kyani issued the written order while hearing Baloch missing students’ case.

The court also sought the final report from federation on all Baloch missing persons returning to their homes. According to the IHC written order, the court extended the deadline for the recovery of Baloch missing students until Feb 13.

“The court is not demanding statements on oath from the Prime Minister, Interior and Defence Secretaries and security institution for now. If the missing persons not recovered, statements on oath will be demanded and legal proceeding will be initiated,” the court order read. The Attorney General submitted a list of the Baloch students missing in enforced disappearances and the court was informed that 12 Baloch missing students’ cases have been unresolved.

The federal government assured the court that no person will be kidnapped or made forcefully disappeared in future. The AG also assured that all missing persons will be recovered at any cost, adding that the people involved in illegal activities will be brought to the court of law, the order read.

“These statements and actions are positive signals for the better future of Pakistan, which will provide justice to Balch families waiting for their missing dear ones for several years,” the court observed.

The court also referred the matter of the missing father of Sammi Deen Baloch, which has been missing for over a decade, as a test case to attorney general to get information from the state institutions with regard to his whereabouts, according to the court order.

Masked men raid Gohar Khan’s house; rough up family members ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

PTI Chairman Gohar Ali Khan on Saturday said that masked men, came in four vehicles, broke into his house, beaten his son and nephew and ‘misbehaved with women’, while he was attending the Supreme Court hearing regarding his party’s electoral symbol of “bat”.

During the hearing, the PTI chief told Chief Justice Qazi Faez Isa that four pickup trucks were at his residence where they roughed up his family and also confiscated a computer and documents.

He asked the court to excuse him from the hearing and left. During his absence, the chief justice called Additional Attorney General Chaudhry Amir Rehman to the rostrum and said: “Nothing like this should happen, if it is happening.”

At this, the additional attorney general also left the court to take stock of the situation.

Following a brief absence, Gohar returned to the court, to which the chief justice asked if all was right.

The PTI chairman described the situation as “very serious” and wanted to tell more but was not given the permission by the chief justice, who again instructed the additional attorney general to get the situation “fixed”.

The PTI chairman was informed about the raid while he was attending the Supreme Court hearing regarding his party’s electoral symbol of “bat”.

During the hearing, Barrister Gohar informed Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) Qazi Faez Isa about the incident and claimed his son and nephew were “tortured”. He added that the police also confiscated a computer and documents.

ECP foils PTI’s bid for contesting polls on ‘batsman’ symbol ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

The Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) sprung into action to counter PTI’s move to strike a deal with PTI Nazriati group and get elected on PTI Nazriati group with its election symbol, Batsman, in place of Bat symbol.

Meanwhile, the deadline for the allotment of electoral symbols was extended to 11pm by the polling authority.

An order issued by the election commission read that some candidates were trying to deceive it via their applications seeking the electoral symbol of another political party.

The top electoral body directed the returning officers (ROs) to refrain from allotting the electoral symbol of a party other than which the candidate belongs.

It detailed that every candidate was bound to submit a party association certificate under the Election Act, 2017. Additionally, a candidate could not keep membership in more than one political party at a time, it concluded.

It is pertinent to know that candidates are

required to submit an affidavit to the ROs wherein they declare their party affiliation.

The development came after the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) implemented ‘Plan B’ and issued fresh tickets to the candidates under the name of another party — “Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Nazriati (PTI-N)” amid confusion over its iconic “bat” symbol.

In a statement, the party said that it has issued fresh tickets to the national and provincial assembly candidates and directed them to submit the declarations to the returning officer.

In conversation with reporters in Islamabad, PTI spokesperson Shoaib Shaheen said party candidates can submit their nomination papers under PTI-N’s name.

“In line with the law, the ECP can allot tickets to any party. The returning officers are bound [by the law] to issue tickets for whichever party the candidates ask them to,” the PTI leader said.

He lamented that, at times, the authorities “steal” the bat electoral symbol from the party, and at times, they do the same with

their batsman symbol.

Later in the day, the party also complained that ROs were not accepting its candidates’ nomination papers, with Shaheen also filing a petition in the election commission.

Reacting to the development, PTI-N Chairman Akhtar Iqbal Dar categorically turned down the possibility of any alliance with the PTI due to its “corrupt” incumbent members.

“Everyone in the PTI’s team is corrupt, I can’t talk to them,” Dar said while speaking to Geo News.

Responding to a question whether his party would issue tickets to PTI candidates, Dar said: “[I] don’t want to comment on PTI’s founder […] all of them are corrupt.”

“There can be no talks with them [the PTI]. Barrister Gohar and other shady individuals have hijacked the party,” he added.

The fresh move was seen as the former ruling party’s participation in the upcoming general elections — which are less than a month away — remains uncertain due to the ongoing saga surrounding its electoral “bat” symbol.

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PTI’s ‘Plan-B’ firebacks as Nazriati group denies awarding tickets

ISLAMABAD: The Pakistan Tehreek-eInsaf (PTI) on Saturday claimed that its splinter group — Tehreek-i-Insaf Nazriati — reneged on an agreement permitting PTI leaders to participate in elections using the latter’s electoral symbol.

The disclosure was made by PTI spokesperson Raoof Hassan while speaking during a TV talk show Naya Pakistan.

Earlier in a post on X, PTI’s official account said: “Whoever has PTI-Nazriati tickets should immediately submit them and take any kind of hindrance to the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) and high courts.”

The party issued the directives while the Supreme Court heard ECP’s petition challenging the Peshawar High Court’s

(PHC) decision to restore the PTI’s electoral symbol, the “bat”.

However, at a press conference later in the day, PTI-N chief Akhtar Iqbal Dar objected to PTI candidates going to returning officers with PTI Nazriati tickets.

“I was surprised by the move. Where did they take the tickets from? PTI Nazriati tickets were issued by myself. I have pictures with all the candidates,” Dar claimed who arrived to address a presser limping.

“I can’t understand how the tickets were drafted and why. You should ask them. My tickets bear the symbol of a batsman. I even told the ROs about this,” he added.

He said the PTI Nazriati group would also issue a list of their candidates.

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FINANCIAL CRISIS LOOMS OVER KP AS FEDERAL DUES REACH RS515BN

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NEWS

Centre imposes significant cuts on KP's share for current fiscal year PESHAWAR

AzIz BuNeRI

HYBER Pakhtunkhwa (KP) is facing a severe financial crisis, with the federal government’s outstanding dues, including electricity net benefits and other receivables, soaring to a staggering 515 billion rupees.

The federal authorities have imposed significant cuts on KP’s share during the current fiscal year, attributing the shortfall to fund shortages.

To meet the shortfall in expenditures and fulfill commitments, substantial cuts have been made in the developmental budget. Facing a formidable financial crisis, KP has a meager 14.62% share in the National Finance Commission (NFC) due to the war on terrorism, with an additional 1% allocated in support.

This amounts to 856 billion rupees during the fiscal year 2023-24. However, in the first five months of the current fiscal year, KP received only 295bn rupees rupees compared to the initially expected 356 billion rupees.

The non-payment by the federal government has led to KP incurring a loss of 62 billion rupees during these five months. On the other hand, KP’s share in net electricity benefits, including other receivables, amounts to 85 billion rupees annually. However, the province

receives a mere 7bnn rupees from the federal government, resulting in a substantial loss of 78 billion rupees.

TRIBAL DISTRICTS’ FINANCIAL STRUGGLE According to the provincial finance Department, the financial crisis in tribal districts has worsened. The annual budget for salaries and pensions of employees in tribal districts is 152bn rupees, with only 66bnn rupees allocated by the federal government.

Additionally, tribal districts receive no share in the NFC award for the fiscal year 2023-24. During the first five months of the fiscal year, tribal districts received 33bn rupees, while the required amount is 63bn rupees, resulting in a shortfall of 30bm rupees while the annual shortfall is estimated to be 85bn rupees. The lack of funds for development in tribal areas is raising concerns as the progress in these regions not only impacts the local population but also positively influences the overall national well-being.

BUDGETARY CONSTRAINTS, DEVELOPMENTAL CUTBACKS The KP government, in an attempt to control the financial crisis caused by federal non-payment, has made substantial cuts in developmental projects in the province. Despite these efforts, the current financial year is expected to end with a significant imbalance between available resources and the essential financial needs of

the province.

The financial crisis has raised concerns about its potential adverse effects on essential services, the completion of developmental projects, and meeting financial responsibilities in tribal districts. The fear is that the federal non-payment during the current fiscal year could significantly impact the economic situation in the province.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR KP’S ECONOMIC GROWTH Khyber Pakhtunkhwa finds itself at a delicate juncture, with historical lows in developmental expenditures. The budget for developmental projects during the initial five months of the current fiscal year was 44bn rupees, including projects funded by provincial ADP, M&ADP, and foreign assistance, indicating a substantial decrease compared to the previous years.

Efforts to increase economic strength and address financial challenges are essential. Following the footsteps of Punjab in enhancing tax and non-tax revenues could be beneficial, as Punjab has increased its revenue by over 500 billion rupees. Timely payments and keeping promises for developmental projects are crucial for the progress of historically neglected regions.

PSX suspends trading of shares of eight companies g

Sunday, 14 January, 2024 | ISLAMABAD

Companies punished for regulatory non-compliance PROFIT

NeWs Desk

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) suspended the trading of multiple companies on regulatory non-compliance, ranging from non-payment of dues to not holding annual general meetings to nonsubmission of the annual audited financial statements.

According to notices issued on January 12, these companies failed to comply with the regulatory clause(s) 5.11.1 of PSX regulation that falls under the heading of defaulters’ segment, suspension and de-listing.

Mohammad Farooq Textile, Gulistan Textile, Haydari Construction, Huffaz Seamless Pipe Industries and Silver Star Insurance got shares trading suspension

Minister underscores indispensable role of education in fostering economic progress APP

RAWALPINDI

due to reasons, including failing to hold the annual general meeting and nonsubmission of the annual audited financial statements. Clause 5.11.1 (c) of the PSX regulations suggests that a company should hold its one annual general meeting as per law, and clause 5.11.1 (d) suggests that a company should submit its annual audited accounts for the preceding financial year.

KP URGENTLY REQUIRES FEDERAL ASSISTANCE The ongoing financial challenges in KP necessitate immediate attention and resolution through collaboration between the federal and provincial governments.

The merger of tribal districts, a significant increase in population, and a 36% increase in the area highlight the urgency of addressing these financial issues.

With the financial crisis intensifying, the NFC holds a key role. A proposed increase in KP’s share from 14.62% to 19.64% can significantly contribute to alleviating the financial burden. **Worsening Scenario with the Peshawar BRT Project and Financial Reforms** The financial scenario worsens as KP grapples with the Peshawar Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project’s financial mismanagement and faces difficulties in fulfilling financial commitments. The provincial government’s records indicate a private investment track record, making the implementation of mega-projects viable without additional financial burdens.

The Public-Private Partnership model has the potential to expedite the implementation of megaprojects in the province without overburdening public finances. These initiatives can create a conducive environment for sustainable economic growth, addressing social concerns, and positively impacting the pace of development in the province.

The pressing financial crisis, exacerbated by federal non-payment and cutbacks in developmental projects, demands immediate attention and action. Collaborative efforts between the federal and provincial governments, exploration of financial reforms, and leveraging publicprivate partnerships are crucial for steering KP away from the brink of a severe financial crisis and ensuring sustained economic growth.

In a momentous event at the National College of Arts (NCA) Liaquat Bagh, Federal Minister for Education, Madad Ali Sindhi, underscored the indispensable role of education in fostering economic progress and national development.

The minister remarked during the inauguration of a Degree show, where he emphasized that quality education is pivotal for a nation's advancement, asserting that no

progress is possible without it. He emphasized the significance of restoring classrooms for children who are not attending classes and enhancing the quality of education.

Expressing concern over the limited focus on arts and culture in the country, the minister noted the absence of such universities in provinces. He highlighted the imperative of establishing arts and cultural institutions nationwide, drawing inspiration from the rich history of art, including the seven thousand-year-old sculptures at Moenjodaro.

IMF warns of sustained high inflation in Pakistan, urges monetary tightening PROFIT

NeWs Desk

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has projected a challenging economic scenario for Pakistan, with consumer price index (CPI)-based inflation anticipated to average 24 percent in the fiscal year 2023-24.

However, it is expected to decrease to 18 percent by the end of June 2024. The IMF’s recent statement highlighted the need for the State Bank of Pakistan to maintain a strict monetary policy and adhere to a market-based exchange rate to manage these pressures effectively.

As per the latest data, Pakistan’s unemployment rate stands at 8 percent, and the poverty level is at 21.9 percent. Contrarily, the World Bank’s projections indicate that the poverty level could rise to 40 percent.

The IMF’s emphasis on tight monetary control is aimed at stabilizing the economy and curbing inflation, which disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations. The IMF’s approval of a $700 million installment under the $3 billion Standby Arrangement (SBA) is part of a broader economic reform program under the IMF’s SBA, which was initiated to address domestic and external imbalances and to serve as a

policy framework for financial support from global partners.

Pakistan’s economy has shown signs of recovery, with an expected growth of 2 percent in FY24. The first quarter of FY24 saw a primary surplus of 0.4 percent of GDP, driven by strong revenue performance.

However, inflation remains a major concern. With the implementation of sound macroeconomic policies, the IMF anticipates inflation to align with the State Bank of Pakistan’s targets and growth to strengthen in the medium term. The Deputy Managing Director and Chair of the IMF, Antoinette Sayeh, acknowledged Pakistan’s progress in stabilizing its economy after significant challenges in FY2022-23.

She also highlighted the need for ongoing revenue mobilization, spending discipline, and broad-based fiscal reforms to create space for social and development spending.

Additionally, the IMF noted the importance of structural reforms, including those aimed at improving the business environment, advancing state-owned enterprise reforms, strengthening governance and anticorruption measures, and building climate resilience.

These reforms are essential for boosting job creation and fostering inclusive growth in Pakistan.

Govt fixes minimum export price for onions at $1,200 per tonne PROFIT

NeWs Desk

In response to thriving onion exports and escalating domestic prices, Pakistan’s Ministry of Commerce has set the minimum export price (MEP) for onions at $1,200 per tonne (FOB).

A reliable source of the All Pakistan Fruit and Vegetable Exporters, Importers, and Merchants Association (PFVA), disclosed that the Trade Development Authority of Pakistan issued a notification on January 12, citing the commerce ministry’s decision.

The notification also stipulated that onion exports would only be permitted under advance payment terms. According to data from the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS), the national average price of onions increased from Rs160-250 per kg to Rs180-260 per kg during the week ending on January 11, compared to the preceding week.

This surge in prices followed India’s ban on onion

exports on December 8, 2023, when the national average price of onions in Pakistan stood at Rs130-220 per kg for the week ending December 7, 2023.

It was noted that exporters received substantial orders after the Indian ban, which significantly drove up local onion prices.

In a meeting with the commerce ministry on Friday, exporters proposed an upward revision of the MEP from the existing $750 per tonne (FOB) and requested 100% advance payments to safeguard growers from potential losses.

They expressed concerns that without such measures, onion cultivation might decline next year, leading to a further reduction in local prices.

The PFVA expressed astonishment at the lack of effective control over market prices by market committees and the apparent challenges faced by government departments in stabilizing prices.

The Association highlighted that India can store its onions for three to four months, compared to the onemonth storage capacity for Pakistani onions.

NEPRA grants PPIB 10-year license for power auction administration PROFIT

NeWs Desk

The National Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) has awarded a 10-year license to the Private Power & Infrastructure Board (PPIB) to serve as an independent auction administrator (IAA) within Pakistan’s power sector. This license empowers PPIB to implement a competitive market framework, known as the Competitive Trading Bilateral Contract Market (CTBCM). This system aims to procure electricity through transparent and efficient bidding processes.

PPIB’s primary role will be to support state-run exWapda distribution companies (XW-DISCOs) and Suppliers of Last Resort (SoLR) in meeting their capacity requirements by procuring new capacity and energy to fulfill their load demands.

Notably, the amendments to the Regulation of Generation, Transmission, and Distribution of Electric Power Act, 1997 (the “NEPRA Act”), were introduced by the legislature to establish a competitive electric power market in Pakistan. These changes included the introduction of new license categories and the facilitation of additional market participants and service providers.

CITI TO CUT 20,000 JOBS, POSTS $1.8BN LOSS IN ‘DISAPPOINTING’ QUARTER

Sunday, 14 January, 2024 | ISLAMABAD

C

PROFIT

ReuteRs

ITIGROUP (C.N) said it would cut 20,000 jobs over the next two years, acknowledging a “clearly disappointing” quarter marred by one-off charges that resulted in a $1.8 billion loss.

Shares of the bank – which is in the middle of a multi-year effort to cut bureaucracy, increase profits and boost a stock that has lagged peers – are up more than 1%.

“The fourth quarter was very clearly disappointing,” CEO Jane Fraser told analysts. “We know that 2024 is critical.”

PTI loses ‘bat’ as Supreme Court sets aside PHC decision CONTINUED FROM PAGE 01

The lender will reduce its global workforce of 239,000 by 20,000 – or roughly 8% of staff – through 2026, including layoffs from the sweeping reorganization, Chief Financial Officer Mark Mason told reporters.

Citi will also no longer count 40,000 jobs when it spins off and lists its Mexican consumer unit Banamex in an eventual initial public offering, eventually aiming to reach a staffing level of 180,000 employees, Mason said.

Still, some analysts said results from the third-largest U.S. lender by assets appeared strong when the one-off charges were excluded.

“Citigroup’s earnings looked awful with a big loss of $1.8 billion, but the bank’s

underlying business showed resilience,” said Octavio Marenzi, CEO at management consultancy firm Opimas.

The loss was driven by $3.8 billion in charges disclosed in a filing on Wednesday that included reorganization expenses, a reserve related to currency devaluations and instability in Argentina and Russia and a $1.7 billion payment to replenish a government deposit insurance fund.

The bank expects to report between $700 million and $1 billion in charges this year related to severance costs and the reorganization.

“Whenever an industry or company goes through these types of reductions, it’s tough on morale,” Mason told reporters. The staffing cuts will not affect revenue growth,

he said.

During the week of Jan. 22, the bank will announce more organizational changes, according to a memo to staff seen by Reuters. Efforts to simplify its structure will be largely completed this quarter, saving $1 billion and eliminating about 5,000 mostly managerial roles, Fraser said.

‘CAN THEY EXECUTE?’ Rivals JPMorgan Chase (JPM.N) and Bank of America (BAC.N) on Friday reported lower quarterly profits, while Wells Fargo outperformed on cost cuts.

Citi’s revenue fell 3% to $17.4 billion in the quarter from a year earlier. It was the first time the bank broke out earnings for its five businesses — services, markets, banking, U.S. personal banking and wealth, which

NewS

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were previously housed under broader divisions.

Revenue from markets, or the trading division, dropped 19% to $3.4 billion from a year earlier.

It was dragged lower by a 25% plunge in fixed income revenue from sluggish rates and currency markets, as well as losses from Argentina.

In contrast, banking revenue climbed 22% to $949 million, led by higher investment banking fees for debt capital markets and advisory work that offset a slide in corporate lending.

In U.S. personal banking, revenue climbed 12% to $4.9 billion, lifted by retail banking and credit cards.

But consumers have begun to show signs of stress, prompting Citi to set aside more money to cover losses on souring loans.

“The restructuring announced two months ago was a long time coming,” said Chris Marinac, director of research at Janney Montgomery Scott. “The question comes down to: Can they execute on this restructuring in terms of really being able to grow the core business? The jury is still out.”

PTI’s ‘Plan-B’ firebacks as Nazriati Masked men raid Gohar Khan’s house; rough up group denies awarding tickets family members

Earlier, the court reserved the judgment after conclusion of arguments by all the parties. The court administration informed that the verdict will be announced at 9:30pm. However, the announcement was delayed and subsequently announced at 11:30pm. Also, the verdict announcement coincided with the timeframe for allotment of electoral symbol, which was extended till midnight by the ECP earlier in the day. In a statement, an ECP spokesperson indicated that the extension of the time limit was attributed to the anticipation of the Supreme Court’s decision. Earlier during hearing, a senior member of the bench remarked that for a level playing field, PTI should have extended itself internally and conducted intra-party elections according to its constitution, which would have made it the most transparent party in the country.

The SC judge’s remarks came during the hearing of the Election Commission of Pakistan’s (ECP) petition challenging the Peshawar High Court’s (PHC) decision to restore the PTI’s ‘bat’ election symbol. “You ask for a level playing field, you must also give one to your members,” Justice Muhammad Ali Mazhar remarked. The proceedings of the case are being broadcast live on the SC website and YouTube channel. Barrister Ali Zafar is representing the PTI in the case, while Makhdoom Ali Khan is ECP’s counsel. Hearing earlier in the day At the outset of the hearing today, Chief Justice Isa said that the Peshawar High Court had issued a detailed order restoring PTI’s electoral symbol. “The party’s counsel hailed it as an excellent decision,” he said.

Hamid then came to the rostrum, noting that today was the last day to submit the party tickets to the ECP so he would try to wrap up his arguments soon Justice Mazhar raised two crucial questions whether the court’s jurisdiction and the ECP’s authority to investigate intra-party polls. PTI’s lawyer, Zafar, argued that neither the Constitution nor the Elections Act 2017 granted the ECP the right to review intra-party elections. Referring to Article 17 of the Constitution, he asserted that contesting elections with an electoral symbol was a political party’s right, accusing the ECP of discrimination. Zafar contended that PTI’s intraparty elections adhered to the party’s constitution.

“Despite responding to the ECP’s 32 questions in writing, the watchdog set aside the polls”. Zafar claimed that none of the PTI members challenged the intra-party polls, stressing that the party complied with the 20-day timeframe set by the ECP to avoid exclusion from the elections.

Reiterating his stance on democracy, Chief Justice Isa emphasized the need for democracy within political parties and the country.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 01

However, PTI’s Raoof Hasan later contended that the press conference by PTI Nazriati chief Akhar Dar resembled those held by former party leaders before departing from the PTI office.

Hasan said: “Akhtar Iqbal Dar had already signed a contract with us that bore his signatures. It’s a MoU. Those tickets also bore his signatures and he signed all the tickets sitting in our office.”

“Despite that, he held a press conference and made wrong claims,” he said, alleging: “So obviously there would be some pressure on him just like other leaders who conducted pressers earlier.”

Meanwhile, PTI leader Shoaib Shaheen submitted a plea to the ECP, requesting the electoral watchdog to accept the PTI Nazriati tickets awarded to candidates.

The plea, a copy of which is available with Dawn.com, stated that PTI candidates were facing troubles in filing PTI Nazriati tickets to returning officers (ROs). It urged the ECP to give instructions to the respective ROs in this regard.

On the other hand, the electoral watchdog issued a statement saying attempts were being made to deceive the

commission through aforementioned requests.

It highlighted that the ECP had strictly ordered that a party’s electoral symbol should not be allotted to another party’s candidate.

The order warned political party candidates to not go and ask for another political party’s symbol, directing ROs to comply with the ECP orders.

It also cited that according to the Election Act of 2017 a candidate had to submit his party certificate to the ECP. The order concluded that any person could not be a candidate from two political parties at the same time.

After sensing the danger of losing its iconic symbol, the party had chalked out its plan B: allying with its splinter PTI-Nazriati group to use the ‘batsman’ symbol for its candidates.

Sources privy to the developments had said that an accord had been reached between the two parties after negotiations.

“After the ECP went to the Supreme Court against the decision of the PHC, the party’s leadership mulled over the option for an alternative electoral symbol,” a source in the PTI told Dawn. “The need was aggravated after remarks passed by Chief Justice of Pakistan Qazi Faez Isa during a hearing on Friday.”

Chinese banks throw curveball in $600m loan talks with Pakistan. Are we surprised?

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 01

Around 55% of its loans to low-and middle-income countries have already entered their principal repayment periods, and this percentage is projected to increase to 75% by 2030.

Additionally, Beijing is finding its footing as an international debt collector at a time when many of its biggest borrowers are illiquid or insolvent. This situation exposes Chinese state-owned policy banks, commercial banks, and enterprises to the risk of default from overseas borrowers.

In December 2023, Moody downgraded its outlook on China’s government credit ratings to negative from stable. Similarly, it downgraded eight Chinese banks from stable to negative. The lenders that were downgraded included the big four Chinese lenders: ICBC, Agricultural

Bank of China, Bank of China and China Construction Bank Corporation.

Moody’s linked the downgrade of these banks to a decline in the central government’s rating. Moody’s downgrade reflects concerns over rising debt levels and the impact on broader growth as Beijing resorts to fiscal stimulus to support local governments and contain the spiralling debt crisis.

HOW CIRCULAR DEBT AFFECTS CHINESE IPPS AND BANKS The circular debt pertaining to Chinese IPPs has crossed the Rs 400 billion mark, leaving these companies with a severe liquidity problem.

Large infrastructure projects like those in the energy sector usually require substantial financing. “Debt to equity ratio is typically 80:20 or 75:25 for all IPPs,” said Ghauri. This means that IPPs’ 75-80% of capital is funded through loans, and in the case of Chinese IPPs, these loans are from

Chinese banks like ICBC and Bank of China. For example, let’s look at the case of Huaneng Shandong Ruyi (Pakistan) Energy (Pvt.) Limited (HSR), a Chinese IPP built under CPEC has established the Sahiwal Coal Power Project. According to a PACRA credit rating report, debt financing constitutes 80% of the project cost which was funded by the Chinese lenders with the consortium led by ICBC and others including Agriculture Bank of China Ltd., China Construction Bank., and Bank of China Ltd. When receivables are delayed, due to circular debt, IPPs struggle with cash flows to make payments back to the primary lender across the border in China.

Coming back to HSR’s example, as per the PACRA report, outstanding receivables from CPPA increased to Rs 111 billion by June 2023 which has created liquidity concerns for the IPP.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 01

The PTI chief asked the court to excuse him from the hearing and left. Meanwhile, the chief justice called Additional Attorney General Chaudhry Amir Rehman to the rostrum and said: “Whatever happened should not have happened.” The additional attorney general said he would look into it and left the courtroom. After a while, Barrister Gohar returned to the court, to which CJP Qazi Faez Isa asked if all was right. “The situation is very serious,” he responded. The chief justice directed the additional attorney general to resolve the matter.

Responding to the CJP, the additional attorney general said he has spoken with the home secretary and Islamabad IGP Dr Akbar Nasir Khan. “The home secretary and the IG are investigating what happened,” he told the court. The PTI chairman wanted to tell more but was not given the permission by the chief justice, who told him to inform the additional attorney general instead. First tell the additional attorney general, if not heard by him, then inform the court.” Speaking of the ‘police attack’, Barrister Gohar noted that the “limit has been crossed” now. “If we cannot resolve the issue, then you can tell us,” the chief justice responded.

Meanwhile, the Islamabad police – in a statement on X – claimed it received an update about the police reaching Barrister Gohar’s house. “On a tip-off, the police reached a house in search of the wanted criminals. Upon reaching there, the police found out that the house belonged to Barrister Gohar and the police returned,” the Islamabad police claimed.

IG VISIT GOHAR’S HOUSE Later, the Islamabad IGP appeared before the court, CJP Isa pointed out the incident and said a complaint had been made before the court which was “completely intolerable” and ordered him to attend to it “immediately”. CJP Isa asked the Dr Akbar whether he knew what had happened or not.

At this, the IGP replied in affirmative. The IGP said the police had a tip-off about proclaimed offenders being present over there. IG Akbar said since the time was short, he was unaware of who those people were exactly. However, he said when the police officials arrived at the place and were apprised that this was Barrister Gohar’s house, they returned. The chief justice ordered the IGP to personally ask the family members present at his house about what had happened. Implementing the apex judge’s order, IGP Islamabad visited Gohar’s residence along with the PTI chairman. Dr Akbar Nasir Khan will investigate the ‘police raid’ himself. Barrister Gohar’s son apprised IG Islamabad about the incident. “Further action will be taken after Barrister Gohar is done with the court proceedings,” he added.

Onion prices skyrocket, MEP increased to $1200/tonne g

Commerce Ministry hikes minimum export price to restrict exports PROFIT

Ghulam abbas

If there is one vegetable that is religiously added to all cuisines across south Asia, it is onions. The staple vegetable holds an extremely important place in the common man’s life. Onions are grown on around 136,000 hectares of land, with the 2020 figures showing a total yield of 1.74 million tonnes across all provinces and regions of Pakistan. This makes onions, possibly the most important vegetable in a Pakistani kitchen.

The people who have been doing their groceries in the last two weeks, would have realised that the price of onions has shot above Rs 250/kg and in some areas it has already crossed Rs 300/kg. This surge poses a significant challenge for the economically disadvantaged population, grappling with the affordability of this almost essential food item.

How did Pakistan end up in this fix despite importing extra onions from Afghanistan and other countries earlier this year?

THE INDIA PROBLEM It turns out that a major contributor to this crisis, much like the other crises in Pakistan, is our neighbour India. However the crisis does not stem from some elaborate plan hatched by the hostile neighbour.

Rather this shortage in supply comes from the basic economic principles of supply and demand, the onus of which majorly falls in the lap of the Pakistani authorities, for their lack of planning.

Talking on the matter, the Pakistan Fruit and Vegetable Exporters, Importers, and Merchants Association (PFVA), the relevant trade collective, explained that

the surge in export orders, prompted by India’s onion export ban, has led to a spike in local prices.

On December 8, 2023, India placed a ban on the export of onions to safeguard its domestic food security. Prior to that, the Indian government had placed a minimum export price of $800 per tonne for onions.

Pakistan, who also grows onions, saw this as an export opportunity. With the minimum export price of $750/tonne and a lot of neighbouring countries seething with high demand for onions, the Pakistani exporter made bank in the month preceding the ban by India. Due to this, the domestic stock of onions dwindled, leaving fewer onions for the local market, which resulted in an increase in domestic price.

THE MARKET Traditional onion imports in the region from Iran and Afghanistan have gone down due to Iran’s recent imposition of a 40% export duty. Simultaneously, India’s threemonth export ban from December 2023 to March 2024 has intensified the demand for onions, in its neighbours notably in the Asia Pacific region.

Pakistani exporters are capitalising on this situation by actively shipping onions to the Middle East and other destinations, including Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and the UAE. This export-driven demand has put a pressure on the domestic prices.

Traders reveal that Pakistani exporters are even procuring onions from Iran and Kabul to meet the overwhelming export demand. Currently, the market offers three to four qualities of onions, with imports from Iran and Afghanistan available at slightly lower prices than domestic onions.

Pakistan’s primary onion markets encompass Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and the UAE, with a substantial share directed towards Gulf countries. Annually, Pakistan exports between 300 to 450 thousand tons of fresh onions. In 2022, floods resulted in a significant loss of the onion crop, turning Pakistan into a net importer, mainly from Afghanistan, Iran, and Egypt.

While onion trade between Pakistan and Europe and ex-USSR Central Asia is relatively small, any restriction on exports could significantly impact markets. A ban on onion exports might lead to higher prices in the Middle East, potentially making onion exports profitable even from countries like Uzbekistan to the UAE. This potential loss of market places Pakistan at a crucial crossroads, to choose between food security and export proceeds.

MINIMUM EXPORT PRICE Minimum Export Price (MEP) is a measure imposed by a country’s government to control the export pricing of certain commodities, including onions.

In the context of Pakistan, MEP for onions would mean that the government sets a minimum price that exporters must receive for each unit of onions they export. This is usually implemented to ensure that essential commodities are not exported at very low prices, which could lead to shortages and increased prices domestically.

Due to a low minimum export price set by the government, the exporters were able to sell their stock outside of Pakistan, leaving the local market devoid of onions.

In a meeting with the commerce ministry on Friday, PFVA itself proposed a revision of the minimum export price from

$750/MT, accompanied by a 100 percent advance payment requirement to prevent losses for growers.

According to them, the advance payment requirement for export will help protect the interest of the domestic grower. It is also important to note that wholesale onion prices, ranging from Rs 160 to Rs 190 per kg, present a contrast to the substantial profits retailers are currently enjoying, anticipating an increase in future demand.

THE SOLUTION As reported earlier, the Ministry of Commerce has now raised the MEP for onions at $1200 per tonne.

A significant increase that is expected to reduce the outward flow of onions, giving breathing space to the domestic market.

The situation is also anticipated to improve in the coming weeks with the arrival of a fresh crop from Sindh.

The PFVA also highlighted the limited storage capacity in Pakistan compared to India, emphasising the necessity for research and development to create onion varieties with an extended shelf life, effectively controlling onion prices.

While the reactive policy measure solves the problem for now, questions have arisen about the medium-term strategy of the food ministry and also about the effectiveness of market committees in controlling onion prices and the apparent challenges faced by the price-controlling department in fulfilling its duty of stabilisation.

Because export of onions might handle the demand. But as it seems, there is not much that is stopping the local retailer from carrying on their merry way of overcharging for onions.

According to insiders, both the Ministry of Commerce and National Food Security

and Research are yet to make a solid plan of food security, ensuring availability of enough stock and management of prices.

WEEKLY INFLATION CONTINUES ITS UPWARD TREND: Pakistan’s weekly inflation has risen for the third consecutive week, with the Sensitive Price Indicator (SPI) for the Combined Group increasing by 1.36% WoW during the week ending January 11, 2024.

The SPI has seen a staggering 44.16% YoY increase compared to the corresponding period last year. Out of 51 items, the average price of 21 items increased, 8 decreased, and 22 remained stable.

Key contributors to the inflation spike during the week were Tomatoes (15.63%), Onions (8.94%), Chicken (6.42%), Electricity Charges for Q1 (5.11%), and Eggs (4.31%).

Conversely, the prices of Potatoes (5.92%), Vegetable Ghee 1 KG (0.84%), Sugar (0.43%), Vegetable Ghee 2.5 KG (0.29%), and Mustard Oil (0.26%) experienced notable decreases.

The SPI percentage change across income groups showed an increase ranging between 1.2% and 1.34% for all quantiles.

On a yearly basis, SPI increased across all income segments, with the Lowest Income Group witnessing a rise of 36.06%, and the highest income group recording an increase of 42.71%.

Additionally, the average price of Sona urea rose by 0.07% compared to the previous week and is 66.35% higher than last year. Meanwhile, the average Cement price decreased by 0.39% compared to the previous week but remains 17.17% higher than prices last year.

Officials from the Ministry of Commerce disclosed that, as an initial measure, the ministry intends to revise the Minimum Export Price (MEP) from the current $750 per Metric Ton to $1200 per MT.

04 COMMENT

Sunday, 14 January, 2024

Amendments draft in Pension Scheme-2023

IMF tranche

G

T

The last IMF tranche of the caretakers does not end the country’s woes

HE IMF Board of Directors has met and released Rs 700 million, the second tranche of the current $3 billion Stand-By Arrangement.

This is also the end of the caretaker government’s responsibility, for when the IMF conducts a review for the remaining $1.1 billion of the SBA, it will be April, and the new government elected on February 8 should have been in office for a month. However, it will immediately have to scramble to negotiate a programme with the IMF to replace the SBA. As it is,Pakistan is in the grip of a stagflation which is not responding to the record 22 percent State Bank discount rate. Inflation remains stubbornly above 40 percent, indicating that the discount rate is not working.

Either it is too low, in which case it should be increased, or it is too high, and should be lowered. It must be acknowledged that, apart from the very real suffering of the common man, even the presently steep inflation can easily go out of control. The country’s economy is thus teetering on the brink of just one calamity, which would send it spinning out of control. Inflation is clearly being imported, not just in terms of more expensive imports, but of domestic products produced with imported inputs, such as fuel. Though the tranche should relieve pressures on forex reserves, mounting loan repayments will soon bring Pakistan back where it was about a year ago, teetering on the brink of default.

The next government, whoever forms it, does not seem to have a plan of the sort of reforms that are needed to fix the economy. That reforms are urgently needed cannot be denied. If the plan is to get office and hang on to it for dear life, it will not work this time. The view that the IMF can be relied on forever, because then the other donors will fall in line, is already outdated. The Pakistani economy has to be so fixed that the country can pay its way in the world.

That will need not just careful management in the next tenure, but the preparation of a realistic plan for the next decade or so. It is worrisome that no party has even put forward a person who will carry out the plan, let alone the plan itself. Are the blind to lead the blind after the next election?

NaTaSha ali

OVERNMENT pension, a financial provision extended to retired public servants and their families , constitutes a cornerstone of social welfare policies. This monetary benefit, commonly referred to as pension, serves as a tangible manifestation of a government's commitment to provide financial security and support to individuals who have dedicated their professional lives to public service.

In recent times, the sustainability of government pension programmes has emerged as a focal point of concern within fiscal policy discourse. The rising expenditure associated with these programmes has prompted financial authorities to revisit existing policies, to ensure fiscal responsibility and equitable treatment of retirees. Among the proposed revisions are measures such as penalties for early retirement, recalibrations in pension calculations, temporal limitations on family pension entitlements, uniform retirement age mandates for armed forces personnel, and alterations in pension structures for re-employed individuals in the public sector.

The statement makes it clear that government employees opting for early retirement after completing 25 years of service will be subject to a penalty, entailing a three percent reduction in their pension each year, starting from the year of retirement until they reach the age of superannuation. A key concern arises from the possibility that this penalty could dissuade experienced workers from opting for early retirement, potentially resulting in an older workforce that may not possess the same level of productivity

A balance must be struck between fiscal responsibility and the welfare of government employees and their families. A thoughtful and balanced approach is needed to ensure that these policies achieve their intended goals without causing unintended harm to those they affect A look at early retirement and pension policies for government employees or adaptability to new challenges. Moreover, there is a potential negative impact on employees with valid reasons for early retirement, such as health issues or family responsibilities, as they would also bear the brunt of a financial penalty.

To fully comprehend the broader implications of this penalty, careful consideration is necessary. This includes a thorough examination of how it might affect the overall dynamics of the workforce and the individual circumstances of employees. Striking a balance between incentivizing a timely workforce transition and accommodating genuine reasons for early retirement is essential to ensure a fair and effective retirement policy.

Dedicated to the legacy of late Hameed Nizami

Arif Nizami (Late) Founding Editor

Yousaf Nizami

Lessons for Pakistan Editor Umar Aziz M. A. Niazi Joint Editor

P

Limiting family pension to 10 years, with exceptions for Shaheed families or disabled children, may be perceived as a cost-cutting measure. However, this approach raises valid concerns about the financial stability of affected families, particularly those who have lost their primary breadwinners, especially in nuclear family setups. Pensioners not only bear the responsibility of supporting their immediate family but may also have additional obligations due to various factors such as medical issues or orphaned family members.

The ten-year restriction might prove insufficient in providing sustained financial assistance to the family, especially when there are ongoing needs such as education expenses for children. The escalating cost of living compounds these challenges, and the dwindling employment opportunities further exacerbate the financial strain on affected families. Therefore, it becomes crucial to reevaluate the duration of family pension support to ensure it adequately addresses the long-term financial needs of families grappling with the loss of their primary earners, taking into account the evolving economic landscape and the specific challenges faced by these households.

It's a concerning situation when armed forces personnel and other employees are treated alike in terms of retirement age. The issue lies in the fact that physical capacities and health tend to decline with age, and for armed forces personnel, maintaining peak physical condition is crucial due to the demanding nature of their roles, which require stamina and fitness. Individuals aged 40 and above may experience a decline in stamina and physical performance, impacting their effectiveness in military duties. Moreover, having an aging armed forces population could lead to increased health-related expenses to sustain

Executive Editor

their well-being. Considering the physically demanding nature of their job, it might be more practical for armed personnel to retire earlier, allowing for the introduction of younger, more physically capable individuals into the force.

The uniform application of retirement rules needs to be reevaluated to ensure they align with the specific requirements of different professions. It's not just about having rules; it's about ensuring those rules are tailored to the unique demands of each occupation, promoting efficiency, and optimizing the distribution of opportunities across generations.

The statement concerning the entitlement to only

Editor’s mail

Salar Tarar

AKISTAN has often been compared to Bangladesh in economic numbers.

The juggernaut rise of Bangladeshi exports has been seen as a marvel success story. In 2023, apparel exports reached a staggering $47 billion according to numbers released by the country’s Export Promotion Bureau (EPB). On the contrary, Pakistan’s exports have failed to grow significantly.

Despite our failure to replicate the export growth model presented by the Bengalis, all hope is not lost. The democratic model of Bangladesh has emerged as an attractive case study for our political elite.

Sheikh Hasina Wajid, first elected to power in 1996, won elections for the fourth consecutive not bother showing up. Even members of Instead, 63 independent candidates won their time by sweeping 75 percent of the national vote. Hasina’s own party did not participate vigor- constituencies. Interestingly, this has created a The landslide win ensured that her grip on power ously with many claiming that their candidates conundrum of finding a joint opposition group remains as strong as ever. However, the victory were already set on winning their seats. Soon in parliament.

All three themes are extremely relevant for has turned out to be a pyrrhic one. Voter turnout after the polling closed, the Election Commiswas low and there have been serious question sion stated that the turnout had been around 40 Pakistan as the elections approach. Will we have percent. This number presented one of the low- a similarly low turnout? The lack of charged pomarks over the legitimacy of the election.

Most notably, the US State Department is- est election turnouts in Bangladesh general elec- litical campaigning and a despondent national sued a statement that it had grave concerns over tions since the 1996 February elections– also mood due to rising inflation does indicate a reports of voting fraud and violence at polling controversially won by Sheikh Hasina. The sense of political disillusionment. Once the stations. At 76, Hasina has, not surprisingly, dis- BAP’s “Hartal” was visible to see, and a savvy elections are over, will there be similar concerns social media campaign showed pictures of over legitimacy? Many parties are already pedmissed any allegations of dling the narrative of a foul play and has channeled not-so-even playing field. her messaging to focusing The rejection of nominaon the impending economic tion papers will surely bematters. come a bone of The Awami League’s Elections are always marred by uncertainty, even in usual contention on fairness and victory serves as a clairvoycredibility. The Election ant for the upcoming general circumstances. However, the number of unknown variables in the Commission of Pakistan elections in Pakistan. The present political environment will make political analysts even more has already taken an main opposition party boyalmighty beating over the cotted the elections. The nervous this time around. Judging by the Bangladesh experience, last few years from all Bangladesh Nationalist sides. It is unrealistic to Party (BAP) refused to parone thing is certain: democratic models are hardly a straightforward expect the ECP to gain ticipate in what it deemed a affair in South Asian nations much popularity now. ‘mere formality’. The exerLastly, will we see a cise to eliminate any semnew era of independents blance of an opposition was (‘electables’ as we call part of a strategic and calcuthem in Pakistan)? This is lated framework. According perhaps the most interestto the Human Rights Watch, 10,000 workers of ing aspect of what may shape the dynamics of the BAP were arrested on trumped up political empty pooling booths and chatting staff.

This leads us to the second theme: legiti- the next regional and national parliaments. The charges ranging from inciting violence to corruption allegations. The top tier leadership was com- macy. The opposition quickly picked on the IPP may emerge as the small power broker as it pletely behind bars with main BNP leader Mirza murky credibility of the election commission has taken many such independents under its Fakhrul Islam Alamgir facing up to nine charges. turnout numbers– aided by perhaps a Freudian guise. While some erstwhile PTI leaders may While Pakistan is no stranger to such polit- slip by the Chief Election Commissioner him- take cover under the umbrella of independent ical incarcerations, the results of the self– with many claiming that turnout was in re- symbols to make their way to Parliament.

Elections are always marred by uncertainty, Bangladeshi elections allow us to imagine a sce- ality as low as 27 percent. The UK Foreign nario of what might happen in Pakistan in a Office issued a statement highlighting concerns even in usual circumstances. However, the nummonth’s time. With the PTI in disarray, not over the human rights violations that took place ber of unknown variables in the present political many voices are calling for a total boycott so in the lead-up to the elections. However, other environment will make political analysts even far. That is perhaps a healthy sign. However, it pertinent trading partners including India, China more nervous this time around. Judging by the is difficult not to foresee the consequences of a and Russia were quick to congratulate Sh Bangladesh experience, one thing is certain: major party being dysfunctional– especially in Hasina on her huge victory. A state of confusion democratic models are hardly a straightforward affair in South Asian nations. has ensued in the aftermath. the organizational sense.

The third theme is the victory of a large Three themes dominated the Bangladeshi The writer is a freelance columnist election. The main one was that the voters did number of independents. No party came second.

I

Karachi – Ph: 021-35381208-9

The writer is a freelance columnist

Send your letters to: Letters to Editor, Pakistan Today, 4-Shaarey Fatima Jinnah, Lahore, Pakistan.

E-mail: letters@pakistantoday.com.pk Letters should be addressed to Pakistan Today exclusively

Learning from Bangladesh’s elections

Lahore – Ph: 042-36300938, 042-36375965

one pension for individuals with multiple pension options lacks a crucial consideration. It fails to address the essential aspect of whether the single pension being offered is sufficient to support the individual and his or her family. It is advisable to assess the financial background of the persons and the amount they are receiving from the pension before granting them the option to choose.

By taking into account the individual's financial circumstances and the adequacy of the offered pension, both the government and the individual stand to benefit. This thoughtful evaluation ensures that the chosen pension aligns with the individual's needs and obligations, avoiding potential financial strain on the recipient and optimizing the utilization of government resources. Implementing a comprehensive approach that considers the economic well-being of the pensioner will contribute to a more equitable and sustainable pension system.

The statement's early retirement and pension policies may have been designed with the intention of cost control and equitable treatment.

However, it's extremely important to carefully assess what might happen as a result of these policies. We need to understand the possible outcomes and impacts they could have. This means looking at both the positive and negative effects these policies might have on government employees and their families.

The penalty for early retirement may discourage valuable employees from leaving the workforce prematurely but on the other hand, the old-age workforce will not be as efficient as young ones. Limiting the duration of family pensions may create financial insecurity for survivors. Ensuring equal treatment for armed forces personnel may not be healthy for both the government and individuals because it is going to cost both ways.

A balance must be struck between fiscal responsibility and the welfare of government employees and their families. A thoughtful and balanced approach is needed to ensure that these policies achieve their intended goals without causing unintended harm to those they affect.

I

Islamabad – Ph: 051-2204545

I

Inexperienced teachers

THE induction of inexperienced teachers in private schools is like playing with the future of students. Such teachers often lack the essential experience, qualifications and level of maturity that are needed to effectively teach and manage a classroom. Teachers have to perform multifaceted tasks. Along with imparting education, the teachers need to understand the psychology of their students in order to guide them properly.

IRSHAD ULLAH BUNER

Peace and stability

THE recent attack on a passenger bus in the Chillas area of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) has shaken the local community, and raised concerns about the safety and security of those using the region’s transport services. GB is known for its beauty and peace.

However, terrorist attacks in the past have damaged the sanctity of the region, and cast a dark shadow over the massive tourism potential of the region. The local and federal authorities should collaborate, and implement enhanced security measures in the region by increasing the number of security personnel, and conducting regular patrols and comprehensive screening procedures.

EASHA TAJUDDIN KARACHI

Awaiting decision

THE Federal Government Employees Housing Authority (FGEHA) had invited applica- tions from the general public and overseas Pakistanis in September 2023 for residential plots in sectors G-12 and F-12 of Islamabad. The processing fee, ranging from Rs5,000 to Rs20,000 against various plots of land, was collected by the authority. Moreover, it promised to hold a ballot for plot allocation within two weeks, but the ballot has not taken place even though many months have passed. The FGEHA should update the applicants about the reason behind the delay, and about what lies ahead.

FARHAT-UR-REHMAN ISLAMABAD

Motorway of neglect

I often travel using the M3 Motorway between Lahore and Multan. The motorway has generally been a great relief for the people, but it has now developed rather irritating bumps and potholes as one approaches the underpass.

These are seriously dangerous as they are encoun- tered suddenly by fast-moving vehicles. The relevant authorities should initiate repair work without any further delay.

DR QAISER RASHID LAHORE

Climate change

In the face of the increasingly negative impact of climate change, countries across the globe have come up with effective measures to counter the challenges. For instance, Indonesia has enacted a law that makes it mandatory for a couple to plant a tree as they tie the knot. This way, the country has decided to encounter the climate change impacts. Pakistan can learn from the experience of such countries and initiate its own plans to face the menace.

NIAZ AHMED QUETTA

Web: www.pakistantoday.com.pk

I

Email: editorial@pakistantoday.com.pk

COMMENT 05

Industrial Pollution: A Beginning Without End Sunday, 14 January, 2024

T

Dr rajkumar singh

HE relationship between industry and the environment encompasses issues such as pollution, resource management, sustainability, and the impacts of industrial activities on ecosystems.

Its key aspects to consider include: a.

Pollution and Environmental Degradation: Industries, especially manufacturing, mining, and chemical industries, often produce pollutants that can harm the environment.

This includes air pollution (like CO2 and other greenhouse gases), water pollution (chemicals and waste products contaminating water bodies), and soil pollution. b. Resource Consumption: Industrial activities consume vast amounts of natural resources, including water, minerals, timber, and fossil fuels.

The extraction and use of these resources can lead to habitat destruction, biodiversity loss, and the depletion of nonrenewable resources. c.

Climate Change: Industries are significant contributors to climate change due to the emission of greenhouse gases. This has led to a growing focus on developing more sustainable industrial practices, such as renewable energy usage, carbon capture, and energy efficiency improvements. d. Sustainable Development and Green Industries: There's

a growing emphasis on sustainable industrial practices. This includes the development of 'green' industries that have minimal environmental impacts, the adoption of circular economy principles (where waste is minimized and materials are reused), and the development of eco-friendly products and processes. e. Innovation and Technology: Technological advancements are crucial in reducing the environmental impact of industries.

Innovations like cleaner production techniques, waste-to-energy technologies, and advancements in renewable energy are pivotal in making industries more sustainable. f. Public Awareness and Corporate Responsibility: There's an increasing public demand for environmentally responsible business practices. This has led many companies to adopt corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies that include a focus on reducing their environmental footprint. g. Global and Local Impacts: The environmental impacts of industries are not confined to their immediate surroundings. For instance, air and water pollution can have transboundary impacts, affecting regions far from the source of pollution. h. Economic Implications: The shift towards

Understanding the interplay between industry and the environment is essential for developing policies and strategies that can lead to sustainable development, ensuring both economic growth and environmental protection.

Industrial pollution is caused by a variety of factors, often related to the processes and practices used in manufacturing, resource extraction, and energy production.

However, its primary causes include: a. Emissions from Manufacturing Processes: Many industrial processes release pollutants directly into the air, water, and soil. This includes emissions from chemical reactions, waste products, and by-products of production processes. For example, factories may release volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter, and other harmful substances into the air. b. Use of Fossil Fuels: Industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels for energy production contribute significantly to air pollution. Burning coal, oil, and natural gas releases a variety of pollutants, including carbon dioxide (a major greenhouse gas), sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates. c. Waste Disposal and Management: Improper disposal and management of industrial waste, including solid waste, chemical waste, and radioactive waste, can lead to soil and water pollution. This includes runoff from landfills, leakage from waste storage tanks, and discharge of untreated waste into water bodies. d. Resource Extraction Activities: Mining, drilling, and quarrying activities disturb the land and can release toxic substances.

These activities often lead to soil erosion, water pollution (including acid mine drainage), and destruction of natural habitats. e. Inefficient or Outdated Technology: Use of outdated or inefficient technology can lead to excessive waste and emissions.

Industries in regions with lax regulations or

Engaging with local communities and being transparent about industrial activities and their environmental impacts can help in building trust and ensuring better environmental stewardship. These measures, when combined and implemented effectively, can lead to a significant reduction in industrial pollution, contributing to a healthier environment and sustainable development more sustainable industrial practices can have significant economic implications, including job creation in new green industries, but also potential job losses in traditional industries that are phasing out.

Netanyahu strikes Lebanon to save his neck

limited access to modern technology may have a higher pollution output. f. Lack of Pollution Control Measures: Inadequate pollution control measures, such as the absence of filters, scrubbers, or treatment facilities, can exacerbate the pollution problem. Some industries may not adequately treat their emissions or waste before releasing them into the environment. g. Energy-Intensive Industries: Certain industries, like steel and cement production, are inherently energy-intensive, leading to large-scale emissions if the energy used comes from fossil fuels. Addressing these causes requires a multifaceted approach, including adopting cleaner technologies, implementing stricter regulations, improving waste management practices, and moving towards more sustainable energy sources.

Controlling industrial pollution requires a comprehensive approach involving regulations, technological innovation, and changes in practices and behaviours at both the industry and individual levels. a. Stringent Regulatory Frameworks: Governments can enforce strict environmental regulations and standards that limit the amount of pollutants industries can release. This includes setting emission limits, mandating pollution control technologies, and establishing penalties for non-compliance. b. Adoption of Cleaner Technologies: Industries can invest in cleaner, more efficient technologies to reduce emissions. This includes using renewable energy sources, implementing energy-efficient practices, and adopting advanced manufacturing processes that minimize waste. c. Pollution Control Equipment: Installing equipment like scrubbers, filters, and electrostatic precipitators can significantly reduce air and water pollutants.

Treatment plants for industrial wastewater are also crucial to prevent water pollution. d. Regular Monitoring and Reporting: Regular monitoring of industrial emissions and effluents ensures compliance with environmental standards. Mandatory reporting of emissions and waste can help in keeping track of pollution levels and taking timely corrective actions. e. Waste Management and Minimization: Implementing effective waste management

The head of the Israeli National Security Council Tzachi Hanegbi threatened to “return Lebanon to the Stone Age if we will see teasing from Lebanon”

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ELECTRONIC INTIFADA Dalal Yassine

S Israel desperately searches for victory in Gaza after three months, the potential for an expanded regional conflict increases. On 2 January, an Israeli airstrike in the heart of Dahiyeh, Beirut’s southern suburb, assassinated Sheikh Saleh al-Arouri. Al-Arouri was the deputy head of Hamas’s political bureau and was killed with other Hamas members, including two leaders of the movement’s al-Qassam military wing, Samir Fandi and Azzam al-Aqra.

Since October 8, the Israel-Lebanon boundary has witnessed escalating clashes between Hizballah and the Israeli military.

Hizballah and Hamas have had close relations since the 1990s and have been pillars of the “Axis of Resistance.” The Lebaneses Shiite group was not involved in the planning of the 7 October Operation Al-Aqsa Flood but it has engaged in daily strikes against Israeli targets since.

The conflict between Israel and Hizballah had operated according to understood rules of engagement up until al-Arouri’s assassination. That was despite Israeli military and political leaders threatening to launch a broader campaign, and the initial displacement, according to Israeli media, of 200,000 residents of northern Israel (now closer to 80,000).

A month before al-Arouri’s assassination, The Wall Street Journal reported that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had given orders to the country’s spy agencies to hunt down Hamas leaders living in Lebanon, Turkey and Qatar.

In 2018, the US State Department’s Rewards for Justice Program placed a $5 million bounty on al-Arouri. However, on 3 January this year, US State Department spokesperson Matthew Miller denied that Washington had prior knowledge of the assassination or Israel’s involvement in the attack.

DAHIYEH DOCTRINE The assassination in the heart of the Dahiyeh was a dangerous escalation and residents were shaken. Randa, who lives near the targeted building but did not want her last name published, said: “Only a few minutes earlier my husband and I passed by the site of the explosion.”

While military operations had been largely confined to the southern boundary with Israel, “we are starting to worry now,” she told The Electronic Intifada. “What we see in Gaza, we may see in Lebanon and we are afraid that it is going to be worse.” Dahiyeh is one of the

most populated areas in Beirut. Hizballah maintains offices in the suburb, including for social services and the party’s political officials.

It is also home to the Burj al-Barajneh Palestinian refugee camp where over 30,000 Palestinian refugees reside. This includes thousands of Palestinian refugees who fled Syria due to its civil war.

During Israel’s 2006 invasion of Lebanon, Dahiyeh was the site of heavy aerial bombardment. As part of the so-called “Dahiyeh Doctrine” of disproportionate violence, Israel leveled entire residential complexes, damaged infrastructure and killed over 1,000 civilians.

Over the past three months, the Dahiyeh Doctrine has been applied to Gaza with far more devastation and deaths. The day after alArouri’s assassination, Hizballah Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah delivered a previously scheduled speech marking the fourth anniversary of the assassination of Iranian Major General Qasem Soleimani by the United States. He explained that al-Arouri’s death was an act of “blatant Israeli aggression and a serious crime that we cannot remain silent about. It will not remain without response or punishment.” Three days later, on 6 January, the threat of a broader conflict began to increase after Hizballah struck Israel’s Meron military base.

Located on top of Mount Jarmaq, the base is a key installation for surveillance and air traffic control. Hizballah’s missile attack appeared to severely damage the base and was the most severe blow that Israel has received to date on that front.

In response, Israel assassinated Hizballah’s Wissam Hassan al-Tawil in an airstrike on his car near his hometown of Khirbet Selm in south Lebanon. Al-Tawil was a commander of Hizballah’s elite Radwan unit which has been deployed along the border with Israel.

DIFFICULT CHOICES Before the assassinations of al-Arouri and al-Tawil, Hizballah had preferred to maintain the status quo. According to Hoda Rizk, a professor of political sociology at the Lebanese University, “Lebanon does not want to be dragged into the war for two reasons.

The first is Lebanon’s precarious economic situation, and the second is the lack of actual popular support for the war.” Israel, however, appears determined to establish new rules of engagement even at the risk of a broader war. Hizballah is now faced with the difficult choices of either not responding or continuing to escalate.

Ignoring the assassinations would signal to Israel that Lebanon’s airspace is open for more attacks without reprisal. And Hizballah does not believe this is an acceptable option.

After meeting with Josep Borrell, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, Muhammad Raad, the head of Hizballah’s parliamentary bloc, said, “If the enemy wants to wage a war on Lebanon, let him know that this is the war in which we will go to the end.”

Muhammad Raad’s son Abbas was a member of Hizballah’s military wing and was killed in an Israeli airstrike in southern Lebanon in November.

In the first month of the war on Gaza, the head of the Israeli National Security Council Tzachi Hanegbi threatened to “return Lebanon to the Stone Age if we will see teasing from Lebanon.”

Accompanying the threats, Israeli leaders have sought to implement the UN Security Council Resolution 1701. Issued after the 2006 Israeli invasion, the resolution calls for the area between the boundary with Israel (“Blue Line”) and the Litani river to be free of any armed personnel. These demands have been part of mediation efforts by the United States and the European Union.

DESPERATELY SEEKING VICTORY US President Joe Biden has delegated senior advisor Amos Hochstein to mediate between Hizballah and Israel. Hochstein had previously negotiated a maritime boundary agreement between Lebanon and Israel that allowed for developing natural gas fields. According to media reports, Israel demanded that Hizballah remove its fighters 6 miles from the Lebanese boundary as part of a broader diplomatic agreement. However, Hizballah has rejected any demands to withdraw from the boundary area or to disarm. It has insisted that any Israeli air strikes against Lebanese cities or towns will be met with missile attacks against similar targets in Israel.

Hizballah has also made it clear to American, European, Iranian and Arab mediators, as well as in public statements, that the clashes on the Lebanese border will not stop until Israel ends its war on Gaza.

In response to al-Tawil’s assassination, Hizballah attacked the Israeli military’s northern headquarters in Safed on 9 January. Israel killed four Hizballah fighters in separate strikes and targeted al-Tawil’s funeral procession, leaving one dead and three wounded.

By the end of the day, Israel’s health ministry had warned hospitals in the northern regions to begin preparing for casualties in the thousands.

Meanwhile, in his fourth visit to the region since 7 October, US Secretary of State Blinken urged leaders of the countries he visited to use their influence to prevent an “endless cycle of violence.”

Despite a death toll above 23,000 Palestinians and over 59,000 injured, Washington remains unwilling to support a ceasefire in Gaza. “Blinken is seeking an image of victory for the United States and for Israel,” Hoda Rizk said.

Netanyahu’s escalations in Lebanon are all too predictable. According to Rizk, Netanyahu hopes military operations outside of Gaza will prolong his political life and delay a corruption trial indefinitely. The Biden administration continues to support Netanyahu’s campaign in Gaza and shield Israel from accountability. And Israel will only pursue a wider war in Lebanon if it has Washington’s approval.

Dalal Yassine is a non-resident fellow with the Jerusalem Fund/Palestine Center in Washington, DC. The views in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of The Jerusalem Fund and Palestine Center.

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strategies, such as recycling, reusing, and reducing waste, is essential. Industries can also adopt cleaner production practices to minimize waste generation at the source. f. Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs): Conducting comprehensive EIAs before starting new industrial projects can help in understanding and mitigating potential environmental impacts. g. Public Awareness and Corporate Responsibility: Promoting public awareness about the impacts of industrial pollution and encouraging industries to take responsibility for their environmental footprint can lead to more sustainable practices. h. Incentives for Green Practices: Governments and organizations can offer incentives, like tax breaks or subsidies, for companies that implement green practices or invest in clean technology. i. Green Supply Chain Management: Industries can adopt green supply chain management practices, ensuring that their suppliers and distributors also follow environmentally friendly practices. k. Research and Development: Investing in research and development can lead to the discovery of new, more efficient, and less polluting industrial processes and technologies. j. Transition to Circular Economy: Embracing the principles of a circular economy, where resource use is minimized, and materials are reused and recycled, can significantly reduce industrial pollution. k. Employee Training and Education: Educating and training employees about the importance of pollution control and sustainable practices can improve compliance and efficiency. l. Community Involvement and Transparency: Engaging with local communities and being transparent about industrial activities and their environmental impacts can help in building trust and ensuring better environmental stewardship. These measures, when combined and implemented effectively, can lead to a significant reduction in industrial pollution, contributing to a healthier environment and sustainable development.

The writer is a youth motivator and former Head of the University Department of Political Science, B.N. Mandal University, Madhepura, Bihar, India.

A Job Well Done “OMAY AIMEN”

LBERT Schweitzer famously observed, "The first step in the evolution of ethics is a sense of solidarity with other human beings."

Regarding human rights, Pakistan has been plagued by the problem of enforced disappearances for a considerable amount of time. There is, nonetheless, some optimism for a solution to this intricate and protracted issue due to the Commission of Inquiry on Enforced Disappearances' recent advancements. Following the Supreme Court's direction, the panel issued a full report on January 9, 2024.

In addition to showcasing the commission's effectiveness and commitment, the study provides a detailed examination of the various provinces' disposal rates, the success rates of family reunions, and the complex elements that contribute to situations involving missing individuals.

Pakistan's approach to the problem of missing individuals is centred on the Commission of Inquiry on Enforced Disappearances, whose remarkable work is summarised in its extensive report. The study highlights the devotion and effectiveness of the commission by thoroughly evaluating 10,078 reported instances and achieving a remarkable overall disposal rate of 77.2%. With disposal rates above 80%, provinces like Sindh, Balochistan, and the Islamabad Capital Territory stand out and demonstrate the commission's steadfast dedication to expeditious case resolution. The report's open and honest presentation of facts, disposal rates, and causes for disappearances highlights the commission's responsibility and dedication to promoting open dialogue.

Deciphering the dynamics of the province demonstrates how effective the commission's investigation procedures are. An astounding 61.66% of the 3485 instances that were reported in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) have been successfully addressed.

Balochistan has resolved 2284 out of 2752 cases, achieving an exceptional 82.99% disposal rate. At 90.87%, Sindh has an impressive case resolution rate—1624 out of 1787 cases are handled. Similarly, the effectiveness of the commission is demonstrated by the fact that 84.76% of the recorded cases (306 out of 361) in the Islamabad Capital Territory have been resolved. The good trend is aided by Punjab, where 84% of the 1625 recorded instances have been settled.

These figures demonstrate the beneficial effects of the commission's efforts in several areas.

The commission's effective efforts to reunite 4,413 missing people with their families between March 2011 and December 2023 are among its most noteworthy accomplishments. The commission's efforts to provide closure to families and individuals impacted by enforced disappearances are further highlighted by this significant effect.

The research also highlights the grim fact that, throughout this time, 261

missing people were found dead in arguments and confrontations. The commission also terminated 1,477 instances that were labelled as non-enforced disappearances, demonstrating the thorough investigation procedure that separates cases into several categories, such kidnappings for ransom or purposeful disappearances.

In addition to indicating the efficient handling of a significant number of cases, the high disposal rates in all provinces and territories are crucial in maintaining public trust in the commission's work. This increased self-assurance is crucial for building public-commission trust, which is essential for resolving Pakistan's pervasive missing person problem. The commission's ongoing inquiries and decisions serve to further solidify its dedication to revealing the truth in each instance and fostering a society that is more fair and responsible.

Examining the report's finer points in further detail reveals a thorough comprehension of the elements that contribute to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's (KPK) high number of missing person instances. A total of 3485 instances are listed by the Commission of Inquiry on Enforced Disappearances; the greater numbers are attributed to people moving abroad without first informing their relatives. This migration trend has its roots in the intricate socio-political environment of KPK, which is made worse by conditions akin to those of war. The province has been dealing with the tragic fallout from drone attacks, the pervasive influence of extremism, and ongoing violence, all of which have added to the startling increase in cases of missing individuals.

In order to formulate focused policies aimed at addressing and reducing the fundamental causes of missing people instances in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it is vital that these subtle elements be recognised and understood. Policymakers and stakeholders may create more effective interventions and preventative actions to reduce the frequency of enforced disappearances and foster stability in the region by placing the issue within the larger socio-political environment.

The Commission of Inquiry on Enforced Disappearances stands out as a ray of light among Pakistan's difficult missing person situation. The thorough report is a testament to the commission's diligence, effectiveness, and resolve in handling matters involving several provinces. The research provides valuable insights into the many elements that contribute to cases of missing individuals in Pakistan, and is an important first step in identifying and resolving the underlying causes of this pressing problem. The nation's progress towards justice, accountability, and a society that prioritises the rights and well-being of every individual is at a turning point, thanks to the commission's persistent efforts.

The author is a freelance con¬tributor who writes on issues con¬cerning national and region¬al security. She can be reached at omayaimen333@gmai.com

06 NEWS

ISRAEL PRESSES ON WITH GAZA OFFENSIVE APPROACHING 100 DAYS OF WAR

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GAZA

REUTERS

SRAEL kept up bombardments in the Gaza Strip on Saturday as its deadly war on the enclave’s Hamas rulers approached 100 days with no end in sight.

In the southern city of Rafah, an Israeli airstrike on a house sheltering two displaced families killed 10 people, the Gaza health ministry said.

Holding up a photo of a dead girl with a piece of bread in her hand, Bassem Arafeh, a relative, said the families in Rafah had been eating dinner when the house was struck on Friday night.

“This child died while she was hungry, while she was eating a piece of bread with nothing on it, where is the International Criminal Court to see how the children die?” Arafeh said. “Where are the Muslims … and the world leaders?”

Israel says it targets fighters and does all it can to minimize harm to non-combatants as it wages urban warfare against Hamas in the densely populated Palestinian enclave. But the scale of the killing in Gaza and the dire humanitarian situation has shocked world opinion and fuelled growing calls for a ceasefire.

The Israeli military said on Saturday its forces had killed numerous fighters in the southern area of Khan Younis and in the central Gaza Strip. It said it was looking into the reported strike in Rafah.

Hamas said its fighters fired at an Israeli helicopter in southern Gaza’s Khan Younis. In the central Gaza Strip, residents reported intense gunbattles and

tank shelling and Israeli air strikes in AlBureij, Al-Nusseirat and Al-Maghazi, areas housing refugees and descendants of the 1948 war.

The Israeli military said it targeted fighters and a Hamas command centre in those areas. Israeli forces were also seen on the edge of Deir Al-Balah, a town to the west where Israel had been urging residents to shelter.

Witnesses said a bus was hit nearby by an Israeli missile. There were no immediate reports of casualties.

More than 20 fatalities were reported in northern Gaza, Beit Lahiya and in the Daraj neighbourhood in Gaza City.

Israel has announced a new phase in combat, withdrawing some forces from northern Gaza, where they deployed three weeks after the fighters rampaged

Oil products imports decline 24% in July Dec due to weakened demand, crackdown

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IN DECEMBER ALONE, HSD IMPORTS PLUMMETED BY 77% COMPARED TO SAME MONTH PREVIOUS YEAR

PROFIT NEWS DESK

Pakistan’s energy imports saw a substantial decline in the first half of the current fiscal year, driven by reduced economic activity and government efforts to combat fuel smuggling, according to industry data.

Oil product imports fell by 24% year-on-year in the six months ending in December, with high-speed diesel (HSD) experiencing the most significant drop at 36%. In December alone, HSD imports plummeted by 77% compared to the same month the previous year, reflecting ongoing weak demand and raising concerns about the sector’s recovery.

“The import of HSD in December alone registered a bigger decline as demand remains subdued, and the situation isn’t improving,” noted an industry official.

Data revealed that HSD imports totaled 828,000 tonnes in the first half, down from 1.29 million tonnes in the same period the prior year.

Industry insiders pointed out that while government actions against Iranian smuggled diesel have boosted formal sector sales, Iranian diesel is still making its way into the country, affecting formal sector sales.

Imports of petrol, the country’s second most consumed fuel, also decreased by 5% to 2.5 million tonnes, compared to 2.6 million tonnes during the same period in the previous fiscal year.

Crude oil imports, which are refined locally, increased by 3% to 4.28 million metric tons compared to 4.17 million tonnes in the same period the previous year. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports remained relatively stable during the review period, while jet fuel (JP-01) imports saw an uptick.

Pakistan heavily relies on petroleum product imports to meet local demand, as domestic production only covers about 30% of the country’s needs.

During the first five months of the fiscal year 202324, the import bill for petroleum products amounted to $5.72 billion, down from $8.8 billion in the same period the previous year.

through southern Israel on Oct. 7, sparking the war that will mark 100 days on Sunday.

The Gaza health ministry spokesman Ashraf Al-Qidra said Israeli strikes killed 135 Palestinians and wounded 312 in the past 24 hours. In total, he said 23,843 Palestinians, mostly civilians, have been killed since Oct. 7.

Israel says it has killed at least 8,000 fighters so far and that it has no choice but to end Hamas rule in Gaza after the fighters, who are sworn to Israel’s destruction, killed 1,200 people, mainly civilians, and took 240 hostages.

Health system ‘collapsed’ At Nasser Hospital, a handful of doctors said they were struggling in a now “collapsed” healthcare system.

Reuters footage showed patients

lying on stretchers on the floor inside corridors and doctors using their phone flashlights to examine patients’ eyes.

“Most of the medical supplies in the ICU are missing,” said doctor Mohammad Al-Qidra. “We don’t have empty beds, no treatments. Most of the medicines inside the emergency room are not enough for patients. We are trying to find alternatives.” Hospital wards are being shared by many of the displaced.

“When we ask for medicine, they tell us they don’t have it, and the situation is bad. We are here in cold and windy weather,” said Mahmoud Jaber, who has been displaced from his home in Gaza City.

Most of Gaza’s population of 2.3 million has been displaced.

“Sheikh Zayed City was one of the beautiful cities of Gaza before the war, it used to house thousands of people, but it is now destroyed,” said Mahmoud Salama, a freelance Palestinian journalist touring the northern town after Israeli tanks had retreated. “The reality is more difficult than the footage.”

In the occupied West Bank, where violence had already been on the rise before Oct. 7 and has increased since, three Palestinians who were armed with knives, a rifle and an axe tried to break into a Jewish settlement and were killed, the Israeli military said.

The Palestinian Health Ministry said the dead were aged 15, 17 and 19. An Israeli soldier was wounded in an exchange of fire with the assailants as they breached the outer fence of the settlement Adora, near the Palestinian city Hebron, Israel said.

Mainland spokesperson comments on Taiwan election results BEIJING

STAFF CORRESPONDENT

A Chinese mainland spokesperson on Saturday commented on the outcomes of Taiwan leadership and legislature elections.

Chen Binhua, a spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said the results reveal that the Democratic Progressive Party cannot represent the mainstream public opinion on the island.

Noting that Taiwan is China’s Taiwan, Chen said that the elections will not change the basic landscape and development trend of cross-Strait relations, will not alter the shared aspiration of compatriots across the Taiwan Strait to forge closer ties, and will not impede the inevitable trend of China’s reunification.

“Our stance on resolving the Taiwan question and realizing na-

tional reunification remains consistent, and our determination is as firm as rock,” Chen said.

“We will adhere to the 1992 Consensus that embodies the oneChina principle and firmly oppose the separatist activities aimed at ‘Taiwan independence’ as well as foreign interference,” Chen said.

He said the mainland will work

with relevant political parties, groups and people from various sectors in Taiwan to boost crossStrait exchanges and cooperation, enhance cross-Strait integrated development, jointly promote Chinese culture, and advance the peaceful development of crossStrait relations as well as the cause of national reunification.

Sunday, 14 January, 2024 | ISLAMABAD

UNSC didn’t authorise use of force against Yemen: China’s UN envoy NEW YORK

STAFF CORRESPONDENT

China opposes any forcible transfer of the Palestinian people from the Gaza Strip, and all measures must be taken to alleviate the humanitarian catastrophe and make a cease-fire the most urgent task of the moment, China’s permanent representative to the UN Zhang Jun said during a UN Security Council conference on Friday local time.

An immediate ceasefire has become the overwhelming call of the international community, but a permanent member of UN Security Council (UNSC) has vetoed the consensus reached by the UNSC in this regard on various grounds, which is a blatant defiance of international fairness, justice and the authority of UNSC, Zhang said. The UNSC failed to adopt a draft resolution on December 8, 2023 that would have demanded an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza due to a veto cast by the US. Many countries expressed disappointment over the US veto of the Gaza-related draft.

It is a blatant double standard for some people to talk about the protection of human rights and the prevention of genocide while pretending to be deaf and dumb, covering up and diverting attention from the tragic situation in Gaza, Zhang remarked, “We must remove all interference and take vigorous action to quell the war, save lives and restore peace.”

In addition, Zhang stressed that that any forcible transfer of the Palestinian people must be firmly rejected. Over the past three months, millions of Palestinian people have been forced to relocate repeatedly and were under constant threat to their lives, said Zhang, noting that China is gravely concerned about the “voluntary emigration” of Gaza people, which has been advocated by some Israeli politicians.

The horrific idea of displacing two million people from Gaza and turning it into a “safe zone” devoid of human habitation, if implemented, would constitute a grave crime under international law and completely destroy prospects for the “Two-State solution,” Zhang remarked. The Chinese envoy called for all measures to be taken to alleviate the humanitarian catastrophe in the Gaza Strip.

Zhang said it was totally unacceptable for Israel to accuse the UN of not having the will and capacity to provide humanitarian relief when it was clear that Israel was accountable for the continued bombing and striking in Gaza and setting obstacles to the entry of humanitarian supplies.

He urged Israel to immediately cease its indiscriminate military attacks and destruction of Gaza.

UNSC resolutions 2712 and 2720 must be fully implemented, and Israel must fulfil its obligations as the occupying party to guarantee the safety of humanitarian workers and provide full cooperation with humanitarian relief efforts, Zhang said.

The envoy reiterated that a ceasefire must be implemented with the utmost urgency. “Only a ceasefire can prevent greater civilian casualties and humanitarian disasters and create conditions for the early release of all hostages; only a ceasefire can prevent the complete destruction of the basis of the Two-State solution; and only a ceasefire can prevent the entire Middle East region from being drawn into a catastrophe.”

Regarding the recent attacks launched by US and UK on Yemen against the Houthi rebels, which targeted Israeli-linked ships in the Red Sea, Zhang expressed concerns about the spillover effects of the Gaza crisis.

Zhang said at a UNSC emergency conference on the Red Sea situation on the same day that the UNSC has never authorized any country to use force against Yemen. The military action taken by the related countries runs counter to the UN resolution 2722, which the Security Council has just adopted.

Xi urges more ‘bridges’ to be built between China, Europe in meeting with Belgian PM BEIJING

STAFF CORRESPONDENT

Chinese President Xi Jinping on Friday met with visiting Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo, agreeing to enhance ties and voicing against “decoupling.”

The meeting carries unique significance as it opens a new year of high-level diplomacy between China and the EU in 2024, and can serve as an opportunity for the two sides to continue the momentum of engagement to deepen mutual understanding and expand cooperation, analysts said.

Such contact is even more important when the world is struggling with a sluggish economy, geopolitical uncertainty and regional conflicts, they said.

China and Belgium are both beneficiaries of economic globalization and share common interests in resisting protectionism and safeguarding free trade, Xi told De Croo, the Xinhua News Agency reported.

China appreciates De Croo’s open opposition to the decoupling or severing of industrial and supply chains on many occasions, welcomes Belgian companies to invest in China, and stands ready to provide them with a sound business environment, Xi said, expressing his hope that Belgium will also provide a fair, transparent and non-discriminatory business environment for Chinese companies.

Xi said the two sides can combine their respective strengths to expand cooperation in traditional areas such as transportation, logistics and biopharmaceuticals, and explore new growth areas for cooperation such as green development and digital economy.

He called on the two sides to encourage government departments, legislatures, and sub-national areas to strengthen exchanges and dialogue, expand tourism and exchange of students, organize large-scale cultural activities in each other’s country, and carry out research on giant panda protection.

Xi said China is willing to strengthen communication with Belgium within multilateral frameworks such as the UN and carry out cooperation on issues such as climate change and biodiversity protection.

De Croo said the Belgium-China relationship is a pacesetter in European countries’ ties with China in many aspects, noting that Belgium will continue to abide by the one-China policy, and have candid dialogue with China to deepen understanding and push for continuous development of bilateral relations in political, economic and other fields.

De Croo said Belgium opposes decoupling or severing of industrial and supply chains, welcomes Chinese enterprises to carry out cooperation in Belgium, and hopes to strengthen personnel and cultural exchanges with China.

A number of Belgian entrepreneurs accompanied De Croo on his visit, including industry leaders such as Solvay and Bekaert, said Cao Zhongming, Chi-

nese ambassador to Belgium.

“I believe they will take full advantage of the high-level visit opportunity to engage in in-depth exchanges and collaborative discussions with Chinese officials and the business community to inject new impetus into bilateral economy, trade and investment cooperation,” Cao told the Global Times in an exclusive interview.

China and the European Union (EU) have already conducted frequent interactions in 2023. But the visit by the Belgian prime minister carries unique significance as the country is the EU’s political heartland and holds the presidency of the Council of the EU for 2024.

During the Friday meeting, while stressing that China maintains longterm consistency in its policy toward Europe, Xi said China has always regarded Europe as a partner and hopes that Europe will play a positive and constructive role as an important force in a multipolar world.

US official assures Afghans who assisted coalition of ‘unwavering commitment’ WASHINGTON AGENCIES

US Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources Richard R Verma during his visit to Pakistan underscored the US’ “unwavering commitment” to assist Afghans who collaborated with or worked on behalf of the US government.

As per a statement issued by the US Embassy on Friday, the US official met with senior Pakistani officials, international organisations, and like-minded partners.

Deputy Secretary Verma highlighted mutual interests in protecting vulnerable populations and facilitating the resettlement of eligible Afghans.

During his visit to Islamabad, secretary Verma explored shared interests and areas of mutual cooperation to advance bilateral relations.

Moreover, he also engaged with busi-

ness leaders in Pakistan discussed ways in which the US could encourage economic reforms. The emphasis was on supporting a stable and prosperous Pakistan through enhanced trade and investment ties.

The deputy secretary was on a tour to Israel, Jordan, Iraq, and Pakistan from January 8 to January 12, 2024, the embassy’s statement noted.

Previously in December, various options were discussed during the four-day visit of US Assistant Secretary of State Julieta Valls Noyes to Pakistan. Noyes is a point person of the Biden administration looking after issues of refugees and migration.

She held a series of meetings with Pakistani officials, representatives of the UN and other international organisations as well as some Afghan refugees.

A statement issued by the US Embassy here said she reaffirmed the United States’ steadfast commitment to the protection and

safe, efficient resettlement and relocation of eligible Afghan refugees to the United States.

“In meetings with senior Pakistani government officials, Assistant Secretary Noyes discussed how both countries can work together to accelerate the processing of Afghan nationals eligible for relocation or resettlement in the United States, expressed the US desire to continue working with the Government of Pakistan as we process individuals in US resettlement pathways, and encouraged upholding international humanitarian principles, including non-refoulement, and protecting vulnerable refugees and asylum seekers,” read the official handout.

During her visit, Noyes appreciated the opportunity to meet international partners, including UNHCR and the International Organisation for Migration, as well as the International Committee of the Red Cross and like-minded diplomatic partners to thank them for their intensive efforts to support

and protect Afghan refugees.

The assistant secretary also met and

heard directly from Afghan refugees on the concerns most important to them.

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KARACHI: A delegation from the business community led by Ghazanfar Ali Khan, CEO Mehran Commercial, visited Federation of Pakistan Chamber of Commerce and Industry Karachi office. They met President Atif Ikram Sheikh, Senior Vice President Saqib Fayyaz Maggo and Vice Presidents. They congratulated and felicitated them. On this occasion, UBG General Secretary Khalid Tawab, former KATI President Sheikh Umar Rehan, Maryam Saba Chaudhry, Syed Turab Shah, former Deputy Convener FPCCI Central Standing Committee for Corporate Relations and Communication, former Vice President FPCCI Saeeda Bano, Shahid Javed Qureshi, Muslim Muhammadi Acting Senior Vice President Kati and others were also present. PR

Govt urged to resume affordable house financing scheme

NEW RULES TO GET RID OF OBSOLETE DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS AND INCREASE DIGITAL ACCESS FOR NBFCS PROFIT

GHULAM ABBAS

HE Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) has released a draft proposing amendments to the Non-Banking Finance Companies (Establishment & Regulations) Rules, 2003, inviting public feedback.

The primary objective of these amendments is to create a more favorable regulatory framework for the non-banking finance sector.

As per details the proposed changes stem from a thorough review of regulations, taking into account developments in the NBFC ecosystem and the effectiveness of mandatory approval requirements.

Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in Pakistan are financial insti-

tutions that provide a variety of financial services but do not hold a banking license. Unlike traditional banks, NBFCs cannot accept demand deposits but engage in activities such as lending, investment, and wealth management. These companies play a crucial role in the financial sector by offering services like consumer loans, leasing, and investment advisory. Unlike traditional banks, these companies fall under the ambit of the SECP, as opposed to the State Bank.

Key modifications proposed in the NBFC Rules 2003 include the elimination of approval processes for the rate of profit on subordinated loans and the repayment of such loans. Subordinated loans are low priority, high interest loans that NBFCs are permitted to provide under the SECP’s guidelines. After the proposed amendment comes into act, the NBFC would not have to seek individual

approval of the SECP to set a profit/interest rate on such loans.

Additionally, the obsolete provision requiring a license application within six months of the Rules’ notification has been removed.

Furthermore, the requirement of submission of an undertaking by a company’s promoters or majority shareholders, for the sale or transfer of shares, without prior approval of the Commission, has been deemed unnecessary and has been removed.

The requirement for furnishing evidence of qualifications and experience for individuals in “executive positions, research, or other related functions” in both existing and new companies has also been considered excessive and consequently omitted.

In recognition of technological advancements in the financial services sec-

Jamal Shah directs to accelerate conservation work during Rawat Fort visit KARACHI: The government should resume the affordable house financing scheme through commercial banks to facilitate masses for purchasing and constructing residential housing units to revive economic activities across the country. This was stated by the real estate tycoon and founder of Shangrila City, Syed Afzal Hameed, at the annual meetup of developers and the launch of one-window solutions for allotees of the international housing project at a local hotel here on Thursday.Speaking to the media, he said the real estate stirs commercial activities in construction and various allied sectors, including steel, cement, paint, cable, marbles, etc, which ultimately benefits the economy through taxes and employment opportunities.The real estate is the mother of construction industry, it contributes a significant role to the GDP every year, he remarked.Despite various challenges, the administration of Shangrila City introduced housing projects for middle income groups, including an international themed apartment, and began the process of procession to allotees at a given time. He added that owning a decent residential unit is a dream these days, but it had been made possible through affordable projects launched by Aimal Builders. PR

KE undertakes maintenance work at Pipri West Grid today KARACHI: KE will be undertaking a critical maintenance activity at Pipri west Grid on Sunday, January 14, 2024, to ensure the stability and reliability of power supply to consumers residing in these areas.

The activity requires a shutdown from 09:00 AM to 01:30 PM for Pipri west Grid during which there may be temporary interruption of supply in areas connected to the above-mentioned Grid.

Interruptions in power supply due to maintenance and technical faults should not be equated with loadshedding. For further guidance, customers may also reach out to KE’s social media platforms or via call center 118.

Areas of Pipri west Grid that may experience power shutdown during the maintenance activity are Supply to B-4 customers (Amreli Steel, Dewan Cement, Naveena Steel), 132kV RECP, Gharo, BOC, and Dhabeji Grid.PR

ISLAMABAD APP

Caretaker Minister for Culture and National Heritage Jamal Shah on Friday directed the concerned quarters to complete the preservation work on Rawat Fort.

During his visit to the Fort to oversee the preservation work of Pakistan's cultural heritage, he emphasized for expediting the conservation work to safeguard this historic site.

The minister was accompanied by officials from the National Heritage and Culture Division.

During the visit, the minister and Secretary Humaira Ahmad were briefed by senior officials from the Department of Archeology and Museum (DOAM) about the ongoing project aimed at preserving, restoring and developing Rawat Fort.

Expressing the vital importance of this endeavor, Jamal Shah highlighted the project's core objectives, emphasizing the fusion of scientific and traditional techniques to preserve and showcase the country's rich cultural legacy.

"The efforts put into preserving Rawat Fort will not only halt its decay but will also secure its heritage for generations to come, while boosting tourism both nationally and regionally," the minister remarked. He also emphasized the inclusive aspect of the project, noting that the archaeological excavation, conservation, and restoration works would generate employment opportunities in the local area.

Rawat Fort, an ancient Sarai located along the G.T Road, has historical significance dating back to the Sultanate period in the early 15th century A.D. Associated with tales of Mahmud of Ghazna's son

Masud and the valiant Ghakhar Chief Sarang Khan, the fortress holds a rich tapestry of narratives within its walls.

Presently, the Fort exhibits two gateways on its northern and eastern sides, a three-domed Mosque in the Western Wing's heart, and an octagonal single-domed Mausoleum in the North-Western corner. Scattered graves within its precinct tell tales of bygone eras.

The majestic rows of identical living cells line the quadrangular inner face of the defense walls, overlooking the courtyard, showcasing the fort's historical architectural marvels.

The minister's visit to Rawat Fort signifies the government's unwavering commitment to safeguarding Pakistan's cultural heritage, ensuring that these iconic sites endure as enduring testaments to the nation's history and identity.

MoST proposes three names for appointment as DG PSQCA ISLAMABAD GHULAM ABBAS

Ministry of Science and Technology, has sent a summary to federal cabinet for appointment of Director General of Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority (PSQCA) as the ministry shortlists three names for the post after interview. The proposal involves elevating the Director General's position to MP-I Scale, in alignment with the MP Scale Policy-2020.

Operating autonomously under the Ministry's jurisdiction, the PSQCA, established by the PSQCA Act, 1996, had advertised the Director General vacancy in November 2023, attracting a pool of thirty-seven applicants.

As per the summary after scrutiny by the Selection Committee, three candidates emerged as front-runners based on their leadership, financial prowess, administrative acumen, communication skills, and innovative strategies to augment organizational growth:

The candidates included Mr. Muhammad Khalid Siddiq, Mr. Akhtar Ahmad Bughio and Engr. Muhammad Sulaiman.

As per details the interviews of candidates were held in two phases. In the first interviews of at least 10 shortlisted candidates were conducted by Secretary MoST Ali Raza Bhutta heading the selection committee on December 21, 2023 whereas second interview of four shortlisted candidates were conducted by the caretaker federal minister MOST Umar Saif on December 28, 2023.

Moreover, as per the summary, receiving approval from the Election Commission of Pakistan and duly considering feedback from the Establishment Division, the Ministry now seeks appointment of one of the three candidates.

Through the summary, the ministry has proposed name of Muhammad Khalid Siddiq as top contender among the final three.

UAPA – A lethal legal mask of India to silent minorities DR. WALEED RASOOL

After the revolt on the 17th of June, the Writers Union Secretary disseminated pamphlets along Stalinallee, proclaiming that the populace had lost the trust of the government and could regain it solely through intensified endeavors. In such a scenario, wouldn't it be simpler for the government to disband the people and select a new one?

In the wake of recent events, reminiscent of the June 17th uprising, parallels can be drawn to the strategies employed by the Modi Authoritarian political regime which subvert pluralism, curtail both individual and collective agency, suppress freedoms, dismantle the separation of powers, and enact stringent laws.

These authoritarian regimes rely on intimidation and coercion, operate opaquely, centralize power, escalate militarization, and exploit societal rifts. The governance within such regimes becomes intricately connected with mobs, militias, and diverse expressions of social and political violence.

Worryingly, the Indian government's use of "anti-terror" laws has resulted in the targeting of minority communities, racialization of Muslims and a surge in Islamophobia. Enacted in 1967 and subject to amendments in various years, the UAPA experienced significant expansion in 2019 under the regime of the Modi government.

The UAPA, in its maturation, has become a formidable weapon for stifling dissent, exploited by successive administrations under the veil of the "procedure established by law. Within the confines of the UAPA, the government possesses the prerogative to label an in-

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SECP PROPOSES AMENDMENTS TO NBFC RULES 2003 FOR PUBLIC INPUT

Sunday, 14 January, 2024 | ISLAMABAD

dividual as a "terrorist," circumventing conventional judicial procedures and fair trial practices traditionally reserved for groups, not individuals. The presumption of guilt on the basis of alleged claims is a distinctive feature of the UAPA, providing substantial authority for detention, arrest, and charging.

From 2015 to 2019, Manipur saw a significant decline in its UAPA-related arrests, dropping from 61.3% to 19.81%.

Meanwhile, Assam experienced a reduction from 11.34% in 2015 to 5.75% in 2020. Conversely, Jammu & Kashmir witnessed an increase from 0.8% in 2015 to 11.6% in 2019.

Muslim Kashmiris, minority individuals, and the caste-oppressed bear the brunt of the UAPA's severity, while cases involving hate speech, terror, and violence perpetrated by Hindu nationalists seem conspicuously overlooked by the law.

In Kashmir, the UAPA is utilized to foreclose the possibility of bail, quell dissent within civil society and social movements, penalize expressions of grief, anger, and mourning, and hinder human rights activities and journalistic endeavors.As articulated in Article 9 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, no one should undergo arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile.

The Indian state's reliance on extreme laws normalizes absolute nationalism and facilitates the development of contemporary social erasure techniques. Legal violence is justified as both unavoidable and crucial for national security, with the prejudicial detention of Kashmiri Muslims serving as a method in the governance of nationalist ideals.

Modi's government has witnessed a discernible decline in horizontal account-

ability, particularly in terms of legislative scrutiny of executive actions. Post-2019, the evaluation of bills by committees, a critical component in assessing proposed legislation, has shrunk to a mere 13 percent. This sharp decrease contrasts significantly with the 71 percent of bills scrutinized during the parliamentary period of 2009–14, predating Modi's leadership. Notably, during Modi's initial term from 2014 to 2019, only a quarter of bills underwent committee scrutiny.

This trend is troubling, especially when considering that pivotal laws and political decisions, such as the sudden imposition of a national lockdown, demonetization, and farm laws, were enacted without parliamentary consultation amid opposition protests.

Asaduddin Owaisi President of the All India Majlis-e-Ittehad-ul-Muslimeen stated in his speech that he believes Muslims are being discouraged from asserting their rights. According to him, in the current political climate, which he characterizes as approaching fascism, the government employs the stringent UAPA (Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act) to curtail the freedom of speech of Muslims.

He contends that the UAPA, often referred to as a "black law," results in prolonged detentions of Muslims, followed by lengthy legal processes before they are granted bail. Owaisi has consistently opposed the UAPA, emphasizing that he sees it as a threat to the religious freedom and liberty of Muslims, and he pledges to continue opposing it in the future.

The recent categorization of 'Tehreeke-Hurriyat, J&K (TeH)' as an 'Unlawful Association' under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) has sparked

inquiries into the government's course of actions the contentious abrogation of Article 370, which was executed forcefully, potentially compromising sovereignty through a controversial interpretation and manipulation of the constitution. The application of the UAPA in this context has raised apprehensions about its potential use for political purposes, contributing to the broader discourse on civil liberties and minority rights.

The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, rooted in the colonial era, persists as a relic in our postcolonial democratic system, casting a concerning shadow.

Originating from a time when opposing colonial authority led to imprisonment, this law has historically targeted those who spoke against ruling powers. Despite shift to a democratic nation embracing values of liberty, its continued existence raises fundamental questions about dissent suppression.

In a democracy, where leadership is chosen by a diverse populace, dissent should be inherent. However, the prevalent use of political imprisonment prompts scrutiny. Why does dissent face resistance in a democracy? A democracy allows citizens to represent diverse opinions through elected leaders, yet certain individuals and ideologies are perceived as threats. This raises questions about the state's prioritization and protection of specific ideals.

This issue in India prompts examination of the role of dissent in a democracy and the expectations a democratic state has for its citizens. When a democracy claims that criticism of the government is fundamental to its core, how does it reconcile this with the apparent crackdown on dissenting voices?

tor, specific licensing requirements for lending and microfinance services through digital channels, including mobile applications, have been introduced.

Additional requirements include identifying major shareholders and funding sources, as well as providing an undertaking on fund sources. Upon amendment, NBFCs will be required to maintain membership in the relevant microfinance association to foster a conducive environment.

Moreover, Schedule-I has been amended to allow existing companies an opportunity to convert to an NBFC, promoting a more flexible business landscape. These amendments have been proposed following extensive internal and stakeholder consultations, with SECP emphasizing their critical role in ensuring the long-term sustainability of the NBFC sector in Pakistan.

Mayor Karachi says KMC in collaboration with PLSP to train citizens on emergencies handling KARACHI: Mayor Karachi Barrister Murtaza Wahab has said that the KMC in collaboration with Pakistan Life Savers Program (PLSP) will train the citizens of Karachi to provide immediate emergency aid in case of heart attacks and injuries so that precious lives can be saved. It will be started from the department of City Warden and Insha Allah we will train thousands of citizens of Karachi especially the youth so that we can proudly call Karachi the city of life savers. He said that every year thousands of people in Karachi lost their lives due to heart attacks and after suffering serious injuries, precious lives are lost in these incidents, so considering the importance of this issue, KMC has decided to pay immediate attention so that by providing awareness to the citizens in this regard, the family members and the nearest people are able to give immediate medical assistance to the patient in the most crucial and critical moments. He said that the efforts of Pakistan Life Saver Program in this regard are commendable and that is the reason why we have settled the preliminary matters with them. The scope of this program will be gradually extended to the entire city to save the lives of citizens by providing immediate medical assistance after fatal accidents and heart attacks. PR

Pakistan, Afghanistan agree to bolster cooperation in health sector

ISLAMABAD: A bilateral meeting was held on the sidelines of Global Health Security Summit in Islamabad. Federal Health Minister Dr. Nadeem Jan led the Pakistan side whereas the Afghanistan side was led by Minister Dr. Qalandar Ebad. Both sides discussed cooperation in diverse areas of health sector. Recognizing the necessity for a strengthened healthcare system, both Ministers highlighted the importance of providing essential health services to deserving communities. It was agreed to enhance coordination aimed at eradicating the poliovirus from both nations. Both leaders emphasized on shared commitment of both countries to tackle the critical issue of poliovirus. This commitment to collaboration marks a significant step towards a polio-free region and improved healthcare cooperation between Pakistan and Afghanistan. The leaders agreed to build community confidence through innovative approaches and increased government ownership. The leaders explored opportunities for expanding pharmaceutical collaboration. The Afghan counterpart highlights investments in the pharmaceutical sector in Afghanistan by Pakistan pharma manufacturers.The meeting also discussed at length medical professional exchanges, training, and capacity building for Afghan medical professionals.

The afghan side proposed to expand enrollment quotas for Afghan students in Pakistani medical universities.Minister Dr. Qalandar Ebad expressed gratitude for Pakistan's continuous support in building and enhancing healthcare infrastructure in Afghanistan.Federal Secretary Interior, Mr. Aftab Durrani, also joined the meeting. PR

PAT to support Bilawal Bhutto in NA-127 Lahore

LAHORE: The Pakistan Awami Tehreek has decided to support Chairman Pakistan Peoples Party, Bilawal Bhutto Zardari in NA-127. This was announced by the Secretary General of PAT, Khurram Nawaz Gandapur today. Khurram Nawaz Gandapur announcing this decision, said that the PAT will hold a public rally in Lahore and announce its support publicly. He said that the PAT has supported the PPP in the bye-elections. Gandapur thanked Chairman PPP for supporting the PAT's stance on the Model Town incident. The PPP has always taken a principled stand on the Model Town incident and today, Chairman Bilawal reiterated that support. Gandapur said that we have to bury the politics of revenge for Pakistan and the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz believes in the politics of revenge. This is the reason it is not possible for us to stand with the PML-N. We will support the PPP in NA-127 and will try our best to succeed. We have to finalize the modalities but it is decided that we are supporting the PPP in this constituency, Gandapur said. PR

FOUR MILITANTS INCLUDING ‘HIGH VALUE TERRORIST’ KILLED IN SEPARATE KP OPERATIONS: ISPR

Sunday, 14 January, 2024

PRAYER TIMINGS

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ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

OUR terrorists including a “high value terrorist” were killed in two separate operations in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the army’s media affairs wing said on Saturday.

According to Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR), security forces carried out operations in Mir Ali, located in the North Waziristan district, and in the Kulachi area of Dera Ismail Khan.

During the North Waziristan operation, an intense exchange of fire took place between the forces and terrorists.

As a result, the military stated, “Highvalue terrorist Tabassum, alias Qadarman, along with terrorist Sajid, aka Sarkandi, were sent to hell by the forces.”

It said that another operation was jointly conducted by the security forces and police in Kulachi area of Dera Ismail Khan where two more terrorists were “sent to hell”.

“These terrorists remained actively involved in numerous terrorist activities against the security forces as well as target killings of innocent civilians. Weapons, ammunition and explosives were also recovered from them,” the ISPR said.

The statement added that sanitisation

operations were being conducted to eliminate any other terrorist found in the area.

“Locals of the area appreciated the operations and expressed their full support to eliminate the menace of terrorism,” the ISPR added. On Wednesday, two Pakistan Army soldiers were mar-

tyred in an exchange of fire with terrorists in KP’s Lakki Marwat district.

Two terrorists were also killed during the exchange of fire as “own troops effectively engaged the terrorists’ location”, the ISPR had said.

Pakistan has witnessed an uptick in terrorist activities in recent months, especially in KP and Balochistan, after the banned militant Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan ended its ceasefire with the government in November last year.

According to an annual security report issued by the Centre for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), Pakistan witnessed 1,524 violence-related fatalities and 1,463 injuries from 789 terror attacks and counter-terror operations in 2023 — marking a record six-year high.

KP and Balochistan provinces were the primary centres of violence, accounting for over 90 per cent of all fatalities and 84pc of attacks, including incidents of terrorism and security forces operations.

TLP unveils Karachi candidates for national assembly seats KARACHI

STAFF REPORT

PML-N issues tickets to over 70 candidates from Sindh LAHORE

STAFF REPORT

Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) on Saturday fielded over 70 candidates for different National Assembly (NA) and Provincial Assembly (PS) seats from Sindh, including the provincial capital Karachi, for the upcoming general elections.

Apart from that, the party will also support the candidates of the Grand Democratic Alliance (GDA), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam-Fazl (JUI-F), and Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (JUP) in the polls.

The PML-N has fielded candidates for 17 NA seats from Karachi, while on one seat, NA-232, it will support JUP’s Awais Noorani.

The party’s candidates from Karachi are: Qadir Bux Kalamati for NA-229, Muzaffar Shujra for NA-230, Jameel Ahmad for NA-231, Zain Ansari for NA-233, Salim Zia for NA-234, Sharafat Akakhel for NA-235, Parveen Bashir for NA-236.

Similarly, the party has awarded tickets to Sidratul Muntaha for NA-238, Sakina Anwar for NA-240, Rozeena Anwar for NA-241, Khawaja Shoaib for NA-242, Akhtar Jadoon for NA-243, Ghulam Rasul Shah for NA-244, Muhammad Saleem for NA-246, Naheed Perveen for NA-247, Ansab Fatima for NA249, while Furqan Ali for NA-250.

LHC dismisses petition against Nawaz Sharif’s nomination papers LAHORE

STAFF REPORT

The Lahore High Court on Saturday dismissed a petition against rejection of appeal against approval of Nawaz Sharif’s nomination papers from NA-130.

A three-member bench of the high court headed by Justice Ali Baqar Najafi heard the petition against Appellate Tribunal’s decision. The petition was filed

by Pakistan Awami Mahaz chief Advocate Ishtiaq Chaudhry. He had challenged acceptance of the nomination papers of Nawaz Sharif on the grounds of his lifetime disqualification from the Supreme Court in the Panama case. The Supreme Court has already given its verdict over the eligibility, court observed.

According to petition the tribunal dismissed the appeal against Nawaz Sharif’s nomination papers in contravention to the facts of the case. “Nawaz Sharif has been disqualified for life and could not contest the election,” petitioner argued. “The Supreme Court’s decision against disqualification for life was given after approval of Nawaz Sharif’s nomination papers and this decision could not apply over Nawaz Sharif’s case,” petitioner said. He pleaded to the court to reject nomination papers of Sharif.

Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan (TLP) has officially announced its slate of candidates for the National Assembly seats in Karachi.

For the Karachi constituency NA-229, TLP is fielding Muhammad Ejaz, Muhammad Anwar is set to represent TLP in NA-230, and Muhammad Ismail Hussaini is the TLP candidate for NA-231.

In the electoral arena for NA232, TLP has nominated Mohammad Yasin, while Prince Shehbaz is contesting from NA-233, Abdul Sattar from NA-234, and Mohammad Arif from NA-235.

TLP’s lineup for the National Assembly seat NA-236 features Mohammad Luqman, NA-237 showcases Mohammad Shahid, NA-238 introduces Mohammad Waseem, and

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Ticket Snub: Shafqat Mahmood withdraws from electoral contest LAHORE

STAFF REPORT

Former federal minister Shafqat Mahmood, a prominent leader of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), has officially declared his decision to abstain from contesting in any constituency for the upcoming elections. The announcement was made through a message posted on the social relations website X. Having previously submitted nomination papers for NA-128 and PP-170, Shafqat Mahmood has chosen to withdraw from the electoral race as PTI did not award party ticket to Shafqat Mahmood who had chosen to remain silent on police crackdown on party leadership and workers after May 9 incidents.

In his statement, Mahmood clarified that he would not be a candidate for any seat in the forthcoming elections. He expressed his reliance on the support of Allah for the collective well-being.

Real brothers to contest polls from PP-28 on different party’s tickets LAHORE

STAFF REPORT

Mohammad Sharjeel Gopalani is set to compete for NA-239.

Heading towards NA-240, TLP has chosen Syed Zaman Ali Jafari, while NA-241 presents Mohammad Waseem, NA-242 introduces Mohammad Sajid, NA-243 features Syed Kashif Ali Shah, and Zameer Hussain is TLP’s candidate for NA-244.

TLP’s candidates for NA-245 include Wazir Ahmed Noorani, NA-246 presents Mohammad Ali, NA-247 introduces Mohammad Farooq, NA-248 features Mohammad Amjad Ali, Hafiz Mohammad Hamid Mahmood Kaghani is contesting from NA-249, and Asad Jawad Khan Sherwani is set to compete in NA-250 on behalf of TLP.

Four soldiers martyred in Kech IED explosion RAWALPINDI

STAFF REPORT

Four soldiers of armed forces laid down their lives fighting valiantly against terrorists during an operation in Buleda, Kech District, Balochistan.

“On 13 January 2024, during an operation conducted by the security forces in general area Buleda, Kech District, terrorists exploded an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) on a security forces’ vehicle, which was followed by an intense fire exchange. Own troops immediately responded and effectively engaged the terrorists’ location, as a result of which three terrorists were sent to hell,” says a statement issued by the ISPR. “However, during the operation, five brave sol-

diers, having fought gallantly, sacrificed their lives and embraced Shahadat. The Shuhada include; Sepoy Tipu Razzaq (age: 23 years, resident of District Sahiwal), Sepoy Sunny Shaukat (age: 24 years, resident of District Karachi), Sepoy Shafi Ullah (age: 23 years, resident of District Lasbela), Lance Naik Tariq Ali (age: 25 years, resident of District Orakzai) and Sepoy Muhammad Tariq Khan (age: 25 years, resident of District Mianwali),” the statement added.

Sanitization operation is being carried out to eliminate any other terrorists found in the area. Security Forces of Pakistan, in step with the Nation, remain determined to thwart attempts of sabotaging peace, stability and progress of Balochistan, and such sacrifices of our brave soldiers further strengthen our resolve, the statement added.

PIA’s Privatization: All legal formalities fulfilled: Fawad Hasan Fawad ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

FAJR SUNRISE 6:20

Caretaker Minister for Privatization, Fawad Hasan Fawad has said that to privatize national flag carrier Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), all legal formalities have been fulfilled. Interacting with a private news channel on Saturday, he outlined various stages of the process for the PIA’s privatization, saying that the Privatization Commission was diligently executing the task.

Fawad Hasan said that in order to ensure transparency in the PIA’s privatization, the representatives of Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), besides the ministries of education, law, and finance had also been taken on board. The caretaker government was carrying out the privatization under the constitutional amendments enacted by the previous elected government, he said adding that the decision to the effect was taken by the then govern-

ment to prevent further deterioration of the economy.

The privatization minister rejected rumours of negotiations about buying of the PIA by a foreign government. Such baseless allegations were being levelled by certain elements for their vested interests, he added.

To a question, he said that the caretaker federal cabinet would ensure that no employee of the PIA was unjustly deprived of their legitimate rights.

Fawad Hasan said the problems being faced by the national airline due to governance issues, financial mismanagement and appointment of individuals ill-equipped to manage the aviation industry. He underscored the urgent need for reforms to prevent further deterioration of public institutions, including the PIA. To a query, the minister said the general elections would be held on the scheduled date of February 8 and the caretaker government was extending fully support the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) in conducting the polls.

Two real brothers will contest general elections from PP-28 Kotla on tickets of different political parties.

According to details, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) has issued ticket to Chaudhry Shahid Raza for PP-28, Kotla. He will contest elections against his brother Chaudhry Shabeer Kotla who has been awarded PML-N ticket in the said constituency.

Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz has issued party tickets to Chaudhry Shabeer Kotla, Chaudhry Abid Raza and Chaudhry Tanveer Kotla.

PPP ‘fails’ to find candidates for tickets in 21 KP constituencies PESHAWAR

STAFF REPORT

The Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) could not issue election tickets for 21 Constituencies of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as no one applied for the party tickets.

There are no candidates in 7 constituencies of National Assembly, including two important constituencies of Peshawar. The PPP did not field candidates for 14 constituencies of the provincial assembly so far.

Tickets for NA 30 and 32 Peshawar and NA 4 Swat have not been issued while NA 11 Shangla and NA 23 Mardan are also deprived of candidates.

The candidates from NA 35 Kohat and NA 41 Lakki Marwat are also not present in the field. According to information available, 4 provincial assembly constituencies from Mardan, 2 constituencies vacant in Peshawar and Lakki Marwat with one constituency each in Battagram, Mardan, Khyber, Nowshera, Kohat and Bannu are without any contesting candidates.

PTI has right to have electoral symbol, rules PHC in written order PESHAWAR

STAFF REPORT

The Peshawar High Court on Saturday issued written ruling on Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf’s (PTI’s) intraparty polls and electoral symbol.

In its brief verdict, authored by Justice Arshad Ali, the PHC asked the ECP to issue a certificate to PTI on its website. In the order, the PHC ruled that the PTI had the right to contest the elections on its electoral symbol. The detailed judgement with more reasons will be issued later. The court, in its written order, said it confined itself to two questions: every citizen has right to form a political party and parties should be provided conducive environment.

The parties have right to contest election on an election symbol. They cannot be denied an election symbol. The ECP decision is unconstitutional, the court ruled. On 10th January, 2024, the PHC had declared the ECP’s decision null and void

As Pervaiz Elahi out of election race, wife gets go-ahead for polls LAHORE

STAFF REPORT

The Lahore High Court (LHC) has rejected Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) President Pervaiz Elahi’s plea against the rejection of his nomination papers, however, his wife Qaisara was granted permission to contest the February 8 general elections from two constituencies.

A three-member bench headed by Justice Ali Baqar Najafi issued the verdict on pleas filed by the embattled party’s president and his wife challenging the appellate tribunal’s and returning officer’s (RO) decisions.

The high court upheld the verdicts given by the RO and appellate tribunal regarding

the rejection of Elahi’s nomination papers from NA-64 and PP-32.

Additionally, the LHC full bench also rejected Moonis Elahi’s appeal against the rejection of his nominations from NA-64, NA-69, PP-32, and PP-34.

However, Qaisara’s nomination papers from NA-64 and PP-32 have been accepted for contesting the forthcoming general polls.

On January 8, an election tribunal rejected Elahi and his wife’s appeals against the rejection of their nomination papers from NA-59 and PP-23, upholding RO’s decision of declaring them “disqualified” for concealing asset details and other information.

A series of objections had been raised against them, which included the concealing

of assets, non-disclosure of shares in different companies, Qaisara’s foreign visit, noncompliance with the rule to open separate bank accounts for expenditures in both constituencies, technical mistakes in documents and submitting documents without verification from the oath commission.

The senior PTI leader was initially arrested on June 1 in a Rs70 million graft case related to the embezzlement of development funds allocated for the Gujrat district and has been behind bars ever since.

He was released several times in between, only to be re-arrested immediately in different cases, including a money laundering case and allegations of illegal appointments in the Punjab Assembly.

Published by Asad Nizami at Plot # 7, Al-Baber Centre, F/8 Markaz, Islamabad, for PT Print (Pvt) Limited. Ph: 051-2204545. Email: newsroom@pakistantoday.com.pk