Waterloo Place

WATERLOO PLACE OWEN OLTHOF HUGH ROBERTS BRENNAN CLODY

FINAL RESEARCH PORTFOLIO MARC4001 25/05/20

ABSTRACT Throughout this semester our team has grappled with a challenging studio brief that questions the idea of traditional urban development. By querying the existing housing stock within the City of Sydney, a reconceptualization has been achieved with that aims to make an innovative contribution to the provision of future housing and urban fabric. The project site is the Waterloo Housing Estate in Redfern.

Under the framework of a triple bottom-line approach based on environmental, social and economic sustainability we identified the key problem criteria throughout the site. Issues identified within the community consultation paper highlight a need for activity support, apartment design, a better developed built environment, environmental design, liveability and maintainability. Our project incorporates new cafes, gym equipment and open space, which arises from a need for better activity support. Newly designed apartments provide a more expansive living space in response to the need for better apartment design. To create a better built environment our project provides new walking routes and passive security throughout the precinct. Environmental design has also been considered through ecology that supports wildlife, while the need for liveability and maintainability are implemented through the provision of commercial zoning and community spaces to encourage responsibility. Most importantly, each site response is considered at all points through the personal framework of individual avatars.

Each proposed solution poses the broader question of how the discipline of architecture can make a positive impact on people’s lives by improving their homes, neighbourhoods, and the broader environment. With a specific focus on the transformation of the two slim towers Matavai and Turanga, our project focus on minimal displacement and the activation of the existing ground plane. Ultimately, we propose a reinvigorated development which can see the existing and new communities of Waterloo flourish into the future. A strong economic basis of commercial integration into the residential fabric is essential. Environmentally sustainable construction methodology serves to produce apartments with superior comfort, amenity and inclusion.

For the accompanying video presentation of our project “Waterloo Place�, please follow the included link below: https://vimeo.com/422121006

2

3

ABSTRACT

03

EXISTING SITE

07

AVATAR INTRODUCTION

08

KEY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS

18

PRECEDENT STUDY

20

CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

22

TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE

23

DESIGN RESPONSE

26

DEFINED PROBLEMS

30

WATERLOO PLACE PRECINCT HIGHLIGHTS

39

SITE PLAN

40

ANNOTATED PLAN

42

SITE SECTION

44

DWELLING SPLIT

50

PRECINCT PHASING

54

TOWER PHASING

58

PRECEDENT STUDY

60

MID-RISE APARTMENTS

62

PRECEDENT STUDY

66

TYPICAL TOWER FLOOR PLAN

70

ALTERNATING FLOORPLATE AXONOMETRIC

72

CUSTOM APARTMENT PLAN’S

74

TOWER SECTION AND DETAILS

80

RESIDENT TIMELINE

86

DAY IN THE LIFE STORYBOARD

88

MATERIAL PALLETTE

96

PLANTING SCHEDULE, PLAN AND SECTION

98

CONTENTS PAGE Triple Bottom Line

CPTED Responses

Design Identified

Social Activity Support

Solar Access

Prevailing Winds Appartment Design Pedestrian Circulation

Environmental Built Environment

Environmental Design

Economic

Existing Vegetation

Defining Public Space

Imbalanced Typologies Livibility

Lack of Facilities Maintainability

EXISTING SITE REDFERN TRAIN STATION

D EY CB SYDN

PREVAILING NORTH WESTERLY WINDS TRNSPORT HUB

POLICE

CATHOLIC CHURCH

ABORIGINAL MEDICAL SERVICES

v

ABORIGINAL LEGAL SERVICES

DISABILITY SERVICES

CARRIAGE WORKS

v

SUMMER SUN

MEDICAL CENTRE

CENTRE OF INDIGENOUS EXCELLENCE

AIME

COMMUNITY HALL GROCERIES SPORT COURT

WOMEN & CHILDREN HOSPITAL

N SYD NIV

EY U

MEDICAL CENTRE

PCYC

ERS

WINTER SUN

ITY

SPORT COURT

PRE SCHOOL UNITING CHURCH

MEDICAL CENTRE

HILSONG CHURCH

UNITING CHURCH

SPORT FACILITY

EASTERN BEACHES GROCERIES

PRECINCT

BUS

SY DN

EY A

IRP

OR

T

TOWN HALL

SPORT COURT

AMENITY ACCESS

PREVAILING SOUTHERLY WINDS 6

SITE CONDITIONS

7

AVATAR INTRODUCTION SUSANNAH EMERY A recently single mother, Susannah is a busy creative with a newborn. Although she’s fallen on hard times she told me, “I could’ve let the split destroy me, but I knew that I’d be destroying two lives with that choice. I had to think about my new son, I had to think about my friends, I had to think about all the good I have. If anything, it’s made me more active than I ever was, I’m back working part time in my old textiles job and I run classes within the building for those interested in recycled textiles and sewing.”

Susannah, a single mother and part time textile artist, is partnering with a local psychologist to run free weekly art therapy classes for priority needs social housing tenants in the community room.

When it came to talking about her space (of which she was evidently very proud of) she had this to say, “You’d think by having my boyfriend move out, a whole other person, that I’d have more space. But you know what’s bigger than a human man? A combination of fabric spools and a cot for one…” she continued, “I barely have space to think to myself, and although I can work with it now I’d be silly to say I’m not already worried about the space I’ll have when he has the need for his own room. I already know I’d sleep on the couch so he could have the bed, but that’s a pretty odd thought. Anyway, I’m looking for more work to try and raise some baby-fund money – this little guy is expensive!”.

The group’s latest project is to make handmade banners and decorations out of donated fabric scraps. They hang them on the fence of the community garden in celebration of the summer solstice.

DWELLING TYPE

It wasn’t clear how long she had been there, but something’s telling me she wasn’t focusing on the past and I didn’t want to be the one to bring it up.

Liliana emigrated from the Ukraine in 2013. She recently moved into the Waterloo precinct and wants to meet local people.

She posted an advert on the Waterloo community towers notice board and is now hosting regular language conversation groups at the local cafe on the ground floor of the towers.

The Smith family are delighted by the energy efficiency of their new apartment and how it allows free access to their daughter who is mobility impaired. They never hosted Christmas at their previous apartment due to size limitations, but this year they have set up tables in the shared park and are holding Christmas lunch outdoors.

The children are running off their energy on the play equipment while the adults relax in the outdoor setting.

8

“IMAGINE A WORLD WHERE PEOPLE FLOURISH, PLACES ARE TREASURED, AND BUILDINGS ARE PRIZED” Housing estates are knitted back into the urban fabric; socially, culturally and environmentally integrated. Quintessentially local, they are immediately familiar within their unique environment. Quality architecture, environmental performance and affordability is the norm; integrated, tenure blind, equitable and accessible.

Buildings are cherished homes and citizens feel proud of their neighbourhood. Where my space is your space, and my park is your park. Shared public spaces elicit social interaction and invite an indoor outdoor lifestyle that is typically Sydney.

Employment pathways are nurtured through skills development and enterprise partnerships being introduced. The entire region loves and benefits from the revitalised precinct. A new jewel in the local Waterloo crown. Citizens old and new, public, private and rental, working together to catalyse a new Waterloo.

COMMERCIAL BUSINESS

9

SMITH FAMILY

LILIANA VESHYSHKO

Dorian Smith recounted his family’s decision to move to Australia from Britain, “Originally my parents are from Sydney, so I’ve got the passport. London just wasn’t the right place to raise our daughter, let alone during the Brexit situation.

Overall the stress got to us and we decided we wanted to get out, so we looked at moving to a quieter place around Newcastle – the only problem being that all the employment for my wife and I was in Sydney. We couldn’t be doing that trip with Nes. When we found out that our income was barely enough to afford rent we looked around at a few places, and that’s when my mother told us about Waterloo towers. We’ve been here for two years now. It’s cosy between the three of us and there’s a lot I could say about wanting more, but at the end of the day I love my family and it’s still a step above where we were.”

Dorian is a paediatric nurse and His wife Paula is a professor of mathematics at the University of New South Whales. They take days off in alternation to care for their Daughter Vanessa, who was born with a severe case of cerebral palsy. They have made remarks about their apartment feeling smaller the older she gets, and the mental task of staying positive for her in the current struggles of their finances versus the space they can afford as a family. They cannot accommodate for their parents if they come to visit, nor can they have a physiotherapist come to the apartment for sessions as there is not enough room.

Immediately upon meeting Liliana one gets a sense of travel, joy, and a wanting to give into whatever community absorbs her, “Hello! Thank you so much for stopping by and taking time out of your day. How are you? It’s beautiful out!”

After a brief conversation she told me about herself, “yeah, I came over from Kyiv in the Ukraine around late 2012, early 2013 – I always forget which one. I mean, a lot of people will have a better reason to move across the world, but I was just feeling cold one winters day and when I was looking into booking a trip overseas I saw Sydney and thought ‘hey, it would be pretty cool to see the edge of the world’. It’s been 7 years now, so safe to say after fruit picking and some bullshit uni courses to extend my visa I decided I probably wasn’t going home anymore.

You actually caught me on a good day, I just got a call saying my interview for Permanent residency is coming up!”

INDIGENOUS REPRESENTATION

ANCESTRY

AGE

10

The conversation shifted into talking about her apartment, “yeah I like my space.

I don’t need much – I mean, I try and live my life with a maximum of two large backpacks’ worth of things and nothing more. I work in hospitality and with Centrelink I can afford this apartment. Everything just… is? If that makes sense.”

She shrugged as a final say of her thoughts and it was clear she was an optimistic face of contentment.

NUMBER OF BEDROOMS

11

DIANDRA ***** She barely opened the door. She was very soft spoken and we struggled to even get a first name – it was Diandra. She told us to leave, and that her husband would be back any second and wouldn’t be happy if we were there talking to her.

CRIME

HOUSEHOLD TYPE

12

13

Existing Dwellings Buildings Solander Matavai Turanga Marton Banks Cook Mt Carmel Peoples Precint South West TOTAL

NO. NEW DWELLINGS COSTS New Dwellings (70/30) Total Dwellings

Dwelling No. 214 202 207 214 214 212

Total area all Precincts Average Dwelling per m^2 Area Precinct 1 Dwellings to Precinct 1

258 170 321 2012

4694.666667 6706.666667 178768

New Built Areas in Precinct m^2 Landscaping m^2 $$ Landdscaping (@$2000*m^2) $$ Build (@3500*m^2) $$ Total (+10% contingency)

0.037516036

Yearly Pr 120 100

14

60 40 20 0

0

2

4

5

8

Yearly Sold Profit

Dwellings on Precinct 1 New Dwellings to Precinct 1

837 695.7551538

Total Yearly 120 100

$AUD Million

80 60 40 20 0

232 116 442

0

4

5

8

Total Profit 1,200

Greater Sydney 37 23 11 21 8

Average 24 26 8 29 13

HOUSING SPLIT WITH EXISTING

1,000

Dwelling Type 2/3 bed 1 bed 2/3 bed studio 4+ bed

$AUD Million

City of Sydney 11 29 5 37 18

2

Total Yea

HOUSING SPLIT Household Couple with Children Couple without Children One Parent Lone Person Group Household

80

40856 1532.755154

EXISTING DWELLING TYPES Existing dwelling type Types in Precint 1 studio 1 bed 2 bed

40560 31556 63,112,000.00 141,960,000.00 225,579,200.00

$AUD Million

DWELLINGS IN ALL PRECINCTS

PRECINCT PROFITS RETURN ON INVESTMENT

800 600 400 200 0 0

2

4

5

8

Y

PROFITS

15

Existing dwelling type

4694.666667 HOUSING SPLIT

837 695.7551538

New Dwellings (70/30) Total Dwellings

6706.666667

Household Couple with Children Total area Couple all Precincts without Children One Parent Lone Person Average Dwelling per m^2 Group Household

City of Sydney 11 29 178768 5 37 0.037516036 18

Area Precinct 1 Dwellings to Precinct 1

40856 1532.755154

100 80

26 8 29 13 120

Yearly Sold Profit 1 bed

12

40560 31556 63,112,000.00 14 16 18 20 141,960,000.00 225,579,200.00

STUDIO 1 BED 2 BED 3 BED 4 + Bed

TYPES

ed

16

18

20

600 400 200

60

0 0

40

0

60

PROFITS

40 20

1,000

800

2

4

5

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Years

20

2

4

5

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

No. - (E) 116 196 -250 192 156

Area 45 65 80 Total Profit 100 150

Total 5220 12740 -20000 19200 23400 Total 40560

Total Yearly Profit

800 600

YEAR 0 2 4 5 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

% SOLD 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

% RENTED 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

0

2

4

5

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Years Yearly Sold Profit PROFIT (Million) Total Sold Profit (Million) 0.00 0.00 74.23 74.23 77.08 151.31 78.51 229.82 82.79 312.61 120 85.65 398.26 88.50 486.76 100 91.36 578.12 94.21 672.33 80 97.07 769.39 60 99.92 869.31

Yearly Rental Profit

% RENTED 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

PROFIT (Million) 30.01 27.12 24.20 21.22 18.29 15.30 12.29 9.25 6.19 3.11 0.00

Total Yearly Profit

Total Rental Proftit (Million) 30.01 57.12 81.32 102.54 120.83 136.14 148.43 157.68 163.87 166.98 166.98

Total Yearly Profit (Million) 30.01 101.34 101.28 99.73 101.08 100.95 100.79 100.61 100.41 100.18 99.92

Total Profit (Million) 30.01 131.35 232.63 332.36 433.44 534.39 635.19 735.80 836.20 936.38 1,036.30

40 20

400

0

200

232 d 116 442

14

1,000

80

80

1,200

$AUD Million

ng Type ed

12

1,200

100

Yearly Rental Profit

Years

No. Total 348 312 192 192 156

10

Total Yearly Profit

120

2/3 bed studio Total Yearly Profit 4+ bed

0

% 29 26 16 16 13

8

Years

Yearly Profit

0

Dwellings onAppartments Precinct 1in Precinct 1 1200 837 Type New Dwellings to Precinct 1 695.7551538

5

Total Profit

100

HOUSING SPLIT WITH EXISTING

4

60

New Built Areas in40Precinct m^2 Landscaping m^220 0 $$ Landdscaping (@$2000*m^2) 0 2 4 5 8 10 Greater Sydney Average Dwelling TypeYears $$ Build (@3500*m^2) 37 24 contingency) 2/3 bed $$ Total (+10%

23 11 21 8

2

PROFITS

120

$AUD Million

40856 1532.755154

nct 1 Precinct 1

0

Yearly Profit

$AUD Million

0.037516036

nct 1

0

232 116 442

NO. NEW DWELLINGS COSTS

178768

per m^2

20

$AUD Million

RECINCTS

ncts

40560 31556 63,112,000.00 141,960,000.00 225,579,200.00

$AUD Million

4694.666667 6706.666667

$AUD Million

0/30)

New Built Areas in Precinct m^2 1 Types in Precint Landscaping m^2 studio(@$2000*m^2) $$ Landdscaping 1 bed $$ Build (@3500*m^2) $$ Total (+10% contingency) 2 bed

0

0 0

2

4

5

8

10

12

14

16

18

2

4

5

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Years

20

Years

Total Yearly Profit

PROFITS

16

Total Average 5220 24 12740 26 -20000 192008 23400 29 40560

13

H EXISTING

% SOLD 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

% RENTED 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Dwelling Type 2/3 bed 1 bed 2/3 bed studio 4+ bed

PROFIT (Million) Total Sold Profit (Million) 0.00 0.00 74.23 74.23 77.08 151.31 78.51 229.82 82.79 312.61 85.65 398.26 88.50 486.76 91.36 578.12 94.21 672.33 97.07 769.39 99.92 869.31

% RENTED 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

PROFIT (Million) 30.01 27.12 24.20 21.22 18.29 15.30 12.29 9.25 6.19 3.11 0.00

Total Rental Proftit (Million) 30.01 57.12 81.32 102.54 120.83 136.14 148.43 157.68 163.87 166.98 166.98

Total Yearly Profit (Million) 30.01 101.34 101.28 99.73 101.08 100.95 100.79 100.61 100.41 100.18 99.92

Total Profit (Million) 30.01 131.35 232.63 332.36 433.44 534.39 635.19 735.80 836.20 936.38 1,036.30

Total Profit 1,200 1,000

$AUD Million

Area

Greater 45 Sydney 37 65 23 80 11 100 150 21 Total 8

YEAR 0 2 4 5 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

800 600 400 200 0 0

2

4

5

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Years

PROFITS

17

KEY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS

Considering the aforementioned statistics and site conditions, a clear representation is presented through our avatar profiles. From these profiles the following guiding design characteristics were disseminated. Each forms a goal and guiding design principal

M I N I MA L I N T E R VE N T I O N COMM U N I TY E N G AG E M E N T I N D I VI D UAL R E S PE CT E CON OM I C ST I M ULUS ACT I VAT I ON OF PU B L I C S PAC E PR E FA B R I CAT I O N

18

19

SAMANTHA DONNELLY PRECEDENT Samantha Donnelly’s “Design Guide for Refuge Accommodation for Women and Children” provided valuable insight into communal living. Particular concepts of note are included below.

These concepts further developed our avatar profiles, highlighting the need to respond to the site in a way that was inclusive to people of all demographics and backgrounds.

OSCAR NEWMAN PRECEDENT The massing and organisation of Waterloo Place is inspired by the key principles of Oscar Newman’s defensible space.

An understanding of the how the public, semi public and private spaces of a development effect the use by its residents formed a key part in our response to the existing site and is represented in the below diagrams which highlight the concepts proposed by Newman.

The current precinct has large open public spaces with long distances between amenities and a dissociation of ownership for the residents.

EXISTING ACCOMMODATION SERVICES EXPERIENCE LACK OF THERMAL COMFORT IN WINTER AND SUMMER AND HAVE POOR ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE.

20

GOOD LANDSCAPE DESIGN WOULD HAVE THE MOST IMMEDIATE BENEFITS FOR RESIDENTS AND STAFF.

FLEXIBILITY DOES NOT FACTOR IN MOST EXISTING BUILDING STOCK.

COMMUNAL SPACES ARE WELL USED BUT POORLY FURNISHED.

21

CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN Crime Prevention through Environmental Design

Gen No. 1

TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE

CPTED and the Triple Bottom Line Social

Environmental

Economic

Championed by architects such as Oscar Newman The First Generation was largely a top down method, which focused on securing the public spaces. This method has been largely outdated but was an important stepping stone in understanding environmental control. Principles such as lighting and enhancing natural surveillance as well as an imporoveed relationship to the ground plane have been instrumental in our holistic aproach.

Some of its methods have been critsized as cauing a ‘Capsular Civilistation’.

Gen No. 2 Second Generation of CPTED is characterised by community consultation. It recognises the importance of social ecology and the types of actions that communites and community groups can have to create secure and safe enironments. Activity groups such as ‘Eyes on the Street’ and ‘Fear Maps’ as seen in the Suburbs of Seoul.

The second generation takes a bottom up approach and focuses on more on what the citizens want.

Gen No. 3 The thrid generation of CPTED has to do witht he desing and of the urban both in a wholistic manner which adresses ‘Livibility’. This includes considersations about the facilites that are on offer, services, mobility and accessibility and the economic opportunites near by. The third generation looks to impliment a high quality of neighbourhood life thus encouraging positive community behaviours and positive growth in the individuals lives.

Activity Support

Formed from the the triple bottom line social principle and the CPtED reuqirments for livibility and facilities as well as community requests for exercise and open spaces with program

Environmental Design

A triple bottom line principle and relating to how we action the requirments for gardens and consider our construction methods

Appartment Design

Livibility

A requirment as a base line of quality will improve the ecomics as well as being able to encourage amenity to improve the comfort of residents

Influenced heavily by second and third generation CPTED principles livibility focuses on the amenity, facilitites and services available to residents

Built Environment

Maintainability

Using techniques such as improved ownership of open space as well as being able to adress the need for relocation and preserving the old we are able to adress environmental and social aspects.

An economic and environmental consideration, the maintainability of the precinct was also a community request and concern for the future

References Mihinjac, Mateja, and Gregory Saville. 2019. "Third-Generation Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)". Social Sciences 8 (6): 182.

22 Raymen, Thomas. 2015. "Designing-In Crime By Designing-Out The Social? Situational Crime Prevention And The Intensification Of Harmful Subjectivities". British Journal Of Criminology 56 (3): 497-514.

23

Community Requesting through consultation A period of community consultation was conducted with residents in 2018.

The results of this study forms the core of our design direction. The needs of and the residents are adressed though the desing the the principles of CPTED combined with Triple Bottom Line approach.

Many of the common reoccuring requests from residents were taken into consideration and implimented.

To the left are requests which aline with the principles of development.

Activity Support

Street Cafes Exercise for all Group Exercise Community Spaces Gardens / vegie gardens Children playing

Built Environment

References ‘LET’S TALK WATERLOO’,. Waterloo Redevelopment VISIONING REPORT KEY FINDINGS. Prepared for the Department of Family and Community Services, May 2018

24

Free of people selling drugs Nature with Views of Sunrise Open Space no relocation Families Preserve the old Pedestrian Routes Transport Acess Safe Secure Water Feature

Apartment Design

Environmental Design

Apartment Design

Environmental Design

Relaxing / Peaceful Ventilation Solar Access Relaxing / Peaceful Flexibility Ventilation Solar Access Flexibility

Birds & natural sounds Greenery Open Outdoor spaces Birds & natural sounds Water Feature Greenery Native Australian Open Outdoor spaces Water Feature Native Australian

Livability

Maintainability

Livability

Maintainability

People dining healthy food for elderly tributes to aboriginal history People dining Markets/ cultural festivals healthy food for elderly Shared Spaces tributes to aboriginal history Markets/ cultural festivals Shared Spaces

Clean Maintained Cheap to Service Clean Individual Ammenity (L’dry) Maintained Cheap to Service Individual Ammenity (L’dry)

25

DESIGN RESPONSE

H - BLOCK PLANNING +

H - BLOCK PLANNING + EXTERNALISE SERVICES AND VERITCAL CIRCULATION EXTERNALISE SERVICES AND VERTICAL CIRCULATION

+ ADDITION TO ADDITION TO EXTERNAL EXTERNAL

+ EXTERNALISE SERVICES AND VERITCAL CIRCULATION

EXTERNALISE SERVICES ANDSERVICES AND EXTERNALISE VERITCAL CIRCULATION VERITCAL CIRCULATION

ALLOW FOR PENETRATIONS FOR LIGHT AND BREEZE + AMMENITY

ADDITION TO EXTERNAL

ADDITION TO EXTERNAL FINAL INTEGRATION

removal & replacement of roof assets EXTERNALISE SERVICES AND VERTICAL CIRCULATION

ADDITION TO EXTERNAL

ALLOW FOR PENETRATIONS FOR LIGHT AND BREEZE AND AMMENITY

FINAL INTEGRATION

ALLOW FOR PENETRATIONS FOR LIGHT AND ALLOW FOR PENETRATIONS FOR LIGHT BREEZE AND AMMENITY AND BREEZE + AMMENITY

26

FINAL FINALINTEGRATION INTEGRATION

27

MASSING

Summer 9am

Long travel distances to ammenities Large private space, not associated with any of the structures

Summer 12pm

Summer 3pm

Ammenities far away from buildings not associated

MASSING EXISTING RENOVATED BUILDINGS

SUMMER | 9AM

SUMMER | 12PM

Winter 9am

NEW COMERCIAL ZONING

28

WINTER | 9AM

SUMMER | 3PM

Winter 12pm

WINTER | 12PM

Winter 3pm

WINTER | 3PM

29

DEFINED PROBLEMS

LOW RISE 4 STORY MAX

MEDIUM HEIGHT 8 STORY MAX

3pm 9am 12pm

IDENTIFYING SOLAR ACCESS AND LOCATIONS FOR OPEN PUBLIC SPACES

30

HEIGHT ALLOWANCES FOR SHADOWS AND WIND BREAK

31

DEFINED PROBLEMS

DISSASOCIATION OF GROUND PLANE TO BUILT FORMS DIVIDING AND DEFINING SPACE

EXISTING VEGITATION AND OPORTUNITIES FOR RETENTION

32

33

DEFINED PROBLEMS

DISSASOCIATION OF GROUND PLANE TO BUILT FORMS DIVIDING AND DEFINING SPACE

34

PEDESTRIAN PATHWAYS AND CIRCULATION

35

DEFINED PROBLEMS

STUIDIO

2 BED

PEDESTRIAN PATHWAYS AND CIRCULATION

UNBALANCED SUPPLY OF TYPOLOGIES

36

37

DEFINED PROBLEMS

WATERLOO PLACE PRECINCT HIGHLIGHTS RENOVATED TOWERS (TURANGA & MATAVAI)

LOW RISE STUDIO APARTMENTS

RENOVATED H BLOCK (DANIEL SOLANDER)

LOW RISE STUDIO APARTMENTS GROUND FLOOR COMMERCIAL

COMMUNITY GARDEN

PLAYGROUND BASKETBALL

RENOVATED H BLOCK (MARTON)

NEW 3 AND FOUR BED APARTMENTS LACK OF FACILITIES AND TRAVEL DISTANCE FROM At a macro level our scheme is comprised of the renovation of Matavai and Turanga towers. By implementing a highly resolved and repeatable system throughout each tower, a blueprint is created which can then be implimented in the two H blocks Daniel Solander and Marton. Further low rise studio appartments will be added to the north, beside the H blocks and to the south mid rise 3 and 4 bed apartmens with generous commerical space on the ground plane.

38

39

SITE PLAN

40

SITE PLAN | SCALE 1:2500

41

PUBLIC ART INSTALLATIONS

ANNOTATED PLAN

A community request for oublic art and indigenous art, public spaces have been defined for their inclusion

EXTERNAL SERVICES This allows easier access to maintanence and reduces the costs

BUS STOP

involved

A bus stop was integrated into the fabric to provided improved access to transport as well as the soon to be completed

COMMUNITY LEISURE SPACES

waterloo station

The existing community requested places to gather. A spacious ground

LIBRARY & BOOK STORE

floor meeting & community room

A community request for improved

has been provided

access to reading and books was made consistently

OUTDOOR GYMS Improving access to free exercise

BIKE STORAGE

and encouraging positive uses for

Encourages residents to

the outdoor spaces the outdoor

travel using alternative methods

gyms as located on each half of the

and reduce carbon footprint

precinct

WATER FEATURE Specifically requested by the community

MULTI- PURPOSE SPORTS COURT

the water feature not only improves

Netball / Basketball / Futsal

passive cooling through water movement

court centrally located and

but provides natural sounds and

publicly accessible

encourages wildlife

GARDENS

COMMUNITY GARDENS

Carefully selected flora help to encourage native Australian animals

Locatec for optimal sunlight and access

and plants to inhabit the precinct

the gardens allow residents an opportunity to grow their own food and encourage positive interaction

OPEN SPACE A community request the open spaces allow residents to partake in group exercise such as Tai-Chi

GREEN GROCER & PHARMACY Access to healthy food options and

PUBLIC AMENITY

medical supplies is key to improving

Encourage the use of spaces

the livability of precinct especially for

for the wider public and

residents with lower mobility

not just residents

CHILDCARE CENTRE A childcare centre was a community request and contains a public playground

DINING & RETAIL

which can be used when the

The economic benefit of nearby jobs

centre is not open

and revenue will also help to maintain

CAFES & RETAIL Dining and retail options will enliven the area and give non residents a reason to visit

42

the site

PEDESTRIAN & BIKE LANES Improved pedestrian walkways and bike lanes was a consistent community request

FLOOR PLAN | SCALE 1:2500

43

SITE SECTION

20m

44

45

SITE SECTION

20m

46

47

SITE SECTION

20m

20m

48

49

DWELLING SPLIT DWELLING TYPES AND SPLIT

1222 - total dwellings 104,300m2

50

NEW STUDIO

176 STUDIO APARTMENTS 7,920m2

RENOVATED 1 BED

348 STUDIO APARTMENTS 22,620m2

RENOVATED 2 BED

442 STUDIO APARTMENTS 35,360m2

NEW 3/4 BED

256 STUDIO APARTMENTS 38,400m2

DWELLING SPLIT The precicent was over represented by studio, 1, and 2 bed apartments. This has been corrected and diversity supplied. This also helps to address a request from the community for greater family presence by creating typologies which can house family units.

51

SOCIAL HOUSING SPLIT EXISTING

EXISTING

NEW

NEW

85/15

100/0

2025

2020

EXISTING

EXISTING

NEW

70/30

2030

EXISTING

NEW

60/40

2040

NEW

50/50 2040

52

RENTAL & SELLING SCHEME The Approach for rental then sale of the properties addresses several concerns of both the residents and the economic model. It returns a better ROI for the investors and guarenteeing rental income from the comercial spaces. It allows a diversified spread of social housing and private residents to access the precinct. This response through the built environment is key to the success of the proposal

53

PRECINCT PHASING

RS

S

S

AR 5 YE

G

SIN

HOU

S

G

USIN

E HO

ABL ORD AFF

10

EAR 10 Y

S PAN L EX

IA RAD

ARS

54

E 20 Y

WATERLOO EXPANSION | SCALE 1:5000

LE LAN NP DAB FOR ATIO F R A G 1100 INTE ND EAR IAL TE A GS A 20-Y ENT V I IN PR ESID ELL R W W E H IG LD 0N 220 SOCIA TO H IUM D AND E FM IDE EO DIV TUR THE MIX DINGS E C L EDU YPES BUI T OR IX T SING M U L O IA SOC EEN H W BET

S AR YE 20

N PLA ION

RS

ARS

E 20 Y

A YE

EH VAT PRI

S EAR 10 Y

ING

OUS

EAR 20-Y

EA 5Y

ARS

5 YE

AL OCI

SOCIAL HOUSING MIX | SCALE 1:5000

55

56

57

TOWER PHASING 1. RESIDENT CONSULTATION PERIOD Time period before the commencement of works to engage with residents and assess the level of intervention that is required at each phase of the project. For those that would like to opt-in to the extension scheme a schedule of works can be created to decrease time and intervention at an individual scale.

2. EXTERNALISATION OF LIFTS Removal of the lifts from the central core to the exterior facades of each tower. By completing this task early the newly installed service elevator can be used for the remainder of the project, while residents are able to use the private elevator to gain access to each level while the staircase is being renewed. Staged at one elevator at a time to avoid displacement.

3. IMPLEMENTATION OF PILLARS Structural primary structure installed on the faรงade of the building in preparation for the installation of the pre-fab extensions to be dropped into place on the exterior of each participating resident. For those not participating, infrastructure is still installed to allow for the future installation of the extension for new residents.

58

6. STAIRCASE REVIVAL AND VOID COMPLETION Following the removal of the central lift core the stairwell can be restored and fitted with a glass faรงade to facilitate passive security.

Looking into the core from each balcony facilitates constant passive surveillance, while simultaneously providing another form of movement throughout the towers.

7. CONCRETE CUTOUT COMPLETION Faรงade wall cutout and sealed in preparation for the installation of sliding doors to be installed. Considered to be one of the more disruptive and invasive aspects of the renewal and upgrade, yet necessary to allow for the fluid transition between old and new throughout each residence.

8. SERVICES ALTERATION With the expansion of space throughout each level of the towers, new services (water, gas, electricity) are required to facilitate the newly claimed space. Points of entry and centralized cabling and pipework to be installed at this early stage before interior walls are established to contribute to the concurrent theme of minimal intervention throughout the project.

4. PRE-FAB ELEMENTS INSTALLATION Prefabricated balcony extensions placed onsite with pre-installed balustrades to eliminate the need for scaffolding. No displacement of tenants required with the primary goal of each extension being installed over the course of a single day per resident to reduce interruption.

9. BLADE WALL INSTALLATION Aluminum blade walls to be installed on the newly installed balconies. Each wall prevents thermal overheating while simultaneously eliminating the possibility of suicidal actions to occur on the higher levels of each tower.

The porosity of each wall is controlled by the resident to allow for improved cross ventilation to occur.

5. REARRANGEMENT OF ROOF ASSETS In order to install a central void throughout the towers, the existing roof HVAC system must be rearranged and new facilities must be installed to accommodate for the upgrade and expansion of the existing infrastructure.

Pushed to the perimeter of the building, the newly arranged roof assets allow for the completion of the central void.

10. INTERIOR WALL ALTERATION Interior standard walls installed to the specification of the resident. Standard materials to be used so that in future new residents can alter the established layout of apartments with minimal to no intervention on the structural components of the tower.

11. GLAZING INSTALLATION Newly accessible glazing to be installed at floor to ceiling sliding doors and newly created window opportunities throughout each residence. Complete lock-up achieved at this point without resident displacement.

12. INTERNAL FITOUT AND LANDSCAPING Internal design elements completed in combination with new services being connected and tested. Pre-installed rooftop assets to accommodate for the increased system load at staged intervals. Resident gardens also to be installed at this phase.

13. COMMERCIAL COMPLETION AND OPERATION Ground floor commercial spaces to be completed and operational to increase engagement with surrounding residents.

Expansion and activation of the ground plane throughout the surrounding green space at the towers also to take place through landscape design and security.

14. POST OCCUPANCY SURVEY Following the completion of each residence and a month of occupation, post-works surveys to be conducted and any alterations to completed works to be carried out.

59

KANCHANJUNGA TOWER PRECEDENT OPPORTUNITY FOR CROSS BREEZE

MODULARITY B C C A

FLOOR PLANS/SECTION

The unique double height spaces seen in the section below allow for multiple openings in 3 elevations to occur, which as a result create a superior environment for ventilation and access to sunlight.

D

INTERLOCKING FLOOR PLATES

B

A

B

C A

B

C

D

A

B B

A

KANCHANJUNGA

Kanchenjunga apartments by Charles Correa provided our group with another example of planning for amenity and pragmatic apartment organisation, making it an optimal precedent.

MODULARITY

AXONOMETRIC

SECTION

60

61

NEW APPARTMENT BLOCKS The new apartments have been provided three elevations that are open to the air. This drastically imporves the potential for ventialation and solar access. This was one of the key reqquests from the community and integral to improving the operation of the appartments as well as their overall performance.

Internal laundrys as well as external services allows the new appartments to be maintained easily.

A material of cheap yet high quality options has allowed the spaces to be easy to clean and replace items if required.

STAIRS (OPTIONAL)

The improved thermal performance granted through ventialation and external shades allows the performance of the new builds to run without the costs of HVAC r other assisted heating and cooling air treatments. This lowers the cost of living for residents whilst having a positive impact on the environment.

WD

WD

WD

WD

Small glimpses of neighbouring appartments improve the passive survailence of the site as well as the provision of large personal balconies. These convered balconies encourage outfoor living and inrease the opportunity for restful spaces that are individual. The new typologies of 3 and 4 bedrrom appartments help to improve the number of families in the area

WD

21 000

NEW DEVELOPMENT

5M

62

63

OPTIONAL FIRST FLOOR

PASSIVE SURVAILENCE Large balconies and mezanine levels give small glimpses from public and private spaces

One module repeated and joined

RELAXING The provision of large outdoor spaces to each appartment allows for restful private areas for all residents

one common wall for apartment blocks

SOLAR ACCESS Improved solar access is achieved through the central atrium allowing for light penetration into the previously dark centre corridor ALLOW FOR PENETRATIONS FOR LIGHT AND BREEZE + AMMENITY

VENTILATION Superior ventilation allows for the cheap running and opperation of appartments and improved quality of life inside

shared open ciruclation

64

MATERIAL SELECTION Cheap yet high quality materials employed on internal and external finishes allows for easy cleaning and replacement of panels if required.

65

Provide Space for inhabitants to grow and build into creating sense of ownership and pride

ELEMENTAL HALF HOUSES PRECEDENT

Minimum services and ammenities provided to allow for early occupationa and reduce costs

Elemental // Chile

Provide Space for inhabitants to grow and build into creating sense of ownership and pride

The Elemental Half Houses gave our group key insights into the repetition of technical details allowing for prefabrication and simplicity in design to occur. The result of this is heavily reduced cost implications and the ability for residents to build into and grow their own personal spaces.

Minimum services and ammenities provided to allow for early occupationa and reduce costs

1

1 1

Structural rationale creates repetition of units: - Ease of construction - Cost implications - Potential for prefabrication units - Simplification of design and construction

2

2

2

2

2

Providing opportunities for growth and ammenity

2 2

3...

Providing opportunities for growth and ammenity

Structural basis for extenion provided in design

Structural basis for extenion provided in design

66

External service box and mains connection

67 External service box and mains connection

POMPIDOU CENTRE PRECEDENT

The Pompidou Centre extends over 10 floors of 7,500m2 each, providing: 12,210m2 for the display of the collection of the musée national d’art moderne

EXTERNALISED CIRCULATION

5,900m2 for temporary exhibitions 2 cinemas (315 and 144 seats) A performance space (384 seats) and a lecture theatre (158 seats)

EXTERNALISED SERVICES/ PIPES/ UTILITIES/ COOLING

POMPIDOU CENTRE SECTION

An associated 10,400m public reading library (Bpi) accommodating 2,200 users 2

The Museum’s own 2,600m2 research library (the Kandinsky library) TOTAL FLOOR SPACE

One of the distinctive points of influence taken from the Centre Pompidou is the striking presence of colour and externalisation of services.

Four strong colours – blue, red, yellow and green – clothe the structure and enliven the façade, their use governed by a code laid down by the architects:

CROSSBRACING

Blue for circulating air (air conditioning) Yellow for circulating electricity

PRIMARY STRUCTURE

Green for circulating water Red for circulating people (escalators and lifts).

GAE AULENTI 5TH FLOOR FIXED GALLERY DESIGN

COMPLETED 1985 68

69

TYPICAL TOWER FLOOR PLAN BALC

BATH ELEVATOR

PBD CEILING TIMBER CORNICE SCREW FIXED TO STUD

STUDY

64mm STUD

LNDRY

60mm ACOUSTIC INSULATION

LOUVERS

KITCH

Diffused sunlight is created through the installation of fixed louvers to reduce the intensity of incoming natural light

STUDIO - ALT FLOORPLATE STUDIO (CONVERTABLE)

13mm PBD DRESSED, PAINTED

TIMBER SKIRTING SCREW FIXED TO STUD JACK BOLT

BALCONY KITCH

Indoor - outdoor living is a key part of the design addition, allowing for a greater connection to the outdoors and passive ventilation to occur

LNDRY

BALC

CUSTOM WALL Individual livability is achieved through a variety of available placements for interior walls

STUDY

BATH CUSTOM WALL BED

Central stairwell and foyer space is commonly owned and maintained, adding to the built fabric of the existing towers

EXISTING OUTLINE

PREFABRICATION Despite causing disruption throughout the installation process, prefabrication is highly cost effective and easily installed.

This leaves more time and money to be spent on other aspects of the precinct development

1M

1M

ELEVATOR

CUSTOM WALL

70

71 1M

ALTERNATING FLOORPLATE AXONOMETRIC

72

73

LILIANA’S APARTMENT

SUSANNAH’S APARTMENT

Being a student, Lilliana's customised appartment includes an extended desk space for work and an indoor/ outdoor dining area to encourage social interaction.

In Susannah's case, having a young child creates the need for a tailored design approach.

Notable design choices include a seperate nursery with an attached textile working space to maintain sight lines while Susannah works, a dual bath shower for washing young children and a flexible living space seperated from the kitchen.

CUSTOM WALL

CUSTOM WALL

74

75

“WINDING DOWN” | 5PM | MATAVAI TOWER SUSANNAH EMERY

76

77

SMITH FAMILY’S APARTMENT

DIANDRA’S APARTMENT

The Smith Family are situated in the mid-rise apartments with two daughters. With individual rooms for each of their children and an extened living room, there is a large amount of space for the family to spread out within the apartment while still staying connected. The double height ceiling space provides a greater sense of height within the living space where the family spends time cooking and playing board games together.

Diandra’s situation is one of recovery, and her apartment provides the opportunity for personal expansion. Situated within the heart of the Waterloo community space, Diandra has room to expand into in the future as she forms new connections with the surrounding residents.

STAIRS (OPTIONAL)

WD

WD

WD

WD

WD

21 000

5M

78

5M

79

TOWER SECTION

CROSS-BRACING DETAIL

1:100

SOLAR ACCESS Improved solar access is achieved through the central atrium allowing for light penetration into the previously dark centre corridor

SOLAR ACCESS Improved solar access is achieved through the central atrium allowing for light penetration into the previously dark centre corridor

COLUMN

PINNED JOINT FOR SHEAR FORCE TRANSFERS GLAZED LOUVRE

CLEATED JOINT

1:100

FLEXIBILITY Flexibility isof the appartments is provided by moveable partitions.

These allow residents to alter spaces to their needs and provide a sense of ownership

CROSS BRACING

RELAXING The provision of large outdoor spaces to each appartment allows for restful private areas for all residents

FLEXIBILITY Flexibility isof the appartments is provided by moveable partitions.

These allow residents to alter spaces to their needs and provide a sense of ownership

CLEAT JOINT TO NEW VERTICAL FRAMING

RELAXING The provision of large outdoor spaces to each appartment allows for restful private areas for all residents

RELAXING The provision of large outdoor spaces to each appartment allows for restful private areas for all residents

CORE REMOVAL The core removal is an expensive exercise and requires a complicated bracing reinforcement but allows for many design and ammenity positives

1:20

The appartments are subjected to the stack effect. This will help to improve the ventilation and heating and CORE REMOVAL cooling of the appartments The core removal is an expensive exercise and requires a complicated By providing superior ventilation but allows for bracing reinforcement the impacts of HVAC are many designsystems and ammenity positives reduced as they are required less The appartments are subjected to the stack effect. This will help to improve the ventilation and heating and cooling of the appartments CORE REMOVAL The core removal is an expensive exercise and requires a complicated bracing reinforcement but allows for many design and ammenity positives

80

5m

The appartments are subjected to the stack effect. This will help to improve the ventilation and heating and cooling of the appartments

By providing superior ventilation the impacts of HVAC systems are reduced as they are required less

1:100

81

PREFABRICATION DETAIL 1 2

3

4

5

6

7

B A

A A B C

C

C D E A

A F

B

A

B

C

MODULAR DESIGN The modular design allows us to build quickly and efficiently with prefabricated construction improving our economic return

MODULAR DESIGN By creating an addition and not removing the existing building we can reduce waste and the amount of new building materials

82

83

STRUCTURAL DETAIL

(N) ADDITION

AGREGATE FACE

(E) TOWER EXTERNAL LOAD BEARING PRECAST PANEL

406 UC BALUSTRADE

3x FIRE RATED PBD BOX IN

JUNCTION BOX FOR BOLT CONNECTION BACKING ROD, GROUT & MASTIC

FIRE RATED INSULATION BATTING

FLOATING FLOOR TIMBER DECKING SHSCLEAT FIXED TO CANTELEIVERED UB

STARTER BARS FROM FACE PANEL

THREDED ROX EPOXY FIXED TO EXISTING SLAB AND BOLTED TO (N) STRUCTURE

200 MIN

FLOOR SLAB POURED IN SITU

PBD CEILING SKREW FIXED CLEAT FIXING

SHAPED UB CLEAT FIX TO RHS 203 UB

INSIDE FACE C CHANNEL

1:20 STEEL REINFORCEMENT CLEAT FIX TO CONC. FOOTING GROUT FILL DOWEL JOINT TO EXSTING SLAB WATER PROOF MEMBRANE 75mm INSULATION VOID FORMER SUBSTRATE

200 MIN

SECTION PLAN

FOOTING PILE

1:5

84

FOOTING CONNECTION

85

RESIDENT TIMELINE

NEW RESIDENT

Arriving in the lobby of Matavai tower with her child, Susannah is greeted by a quaint café on the ground floor. She notices that people are sitting within the café socializing and eating while they watch their children play outside.

Susannah Emerys apartment has been prepared for her arrival under the affordable apartment scheme implemented throughout the Waterloo precinct.

HOUSING CHANGE

After moving out, Susannah notices trades moving through her now empty apartment, perhaps making various improvements to the services?

RESIDENT MANUAL

Susannah steps into her new apartment and immediately notices the natural light permeating throughout the space.

An introductory manual sits on the kitchen bench outlining various options that she can choose from to change the space to her liking.

2020

Following the departure of an existing resident a process of repairs and upgrades can occur in line with the new program of each apartment. Primarily this is determined by the function of the space under a social, affordable or private housing model.

2030

Post construction alterations are available throughout all affordable apartment models throughout the precinct.

2020

RESIDENT TIMELINE SUSANNAH EMERY

RESIDENT GROWTH

After spending nearly 10 years in her apartment, Susannah is now ready to expand into a new space and begin a new adventure with her daughter by her side.

RESIDENT CUSTOMISATION 2020

2029

Her time in Matavai tower has allowed her to grow into the person that she has always wanted to be.

She looks forward to the future.

After reading through the introductory manual Susannah settles upon implementing a dividing wall in the main room to create a study space for her to conduct her textile work.

She notes that later down the line her daughter will be able to use the space as her own room.

RESIDENT CUSTOMISATION

2022

2027

Susannah’s child is now at the age where she would like her own room. The process of converting her study is simple and building management schedules trades to complete the changes.

She runs regular textile classes in the community room and enjoys spending time in the public park with her daughter.

CONSTRUCTION THRESHOLD

HOUSING MIX 2024

Susannah is now settled into her new apartment after a couple of months. She gets along well with her neighbors and regularly has her direct neighbor to watch her daughter while she goes out to buy more textile supplies.

She is yet to notice the difference between the social housing residents and herself. Everyone takes care of each other.

A new neighbor has moved into an apartment on level eleven and Susannah notices that minor renovations take place shortly after their arrival. Upon talking to her new neighbors she learns that they are implementing a new dividing wall.

86

Residents have the option to change apartment layouts to their own specifications upon moving in. This follows the design guideline of no more than 20% construction throughout the precinct at one time.

87

DAY IN THE LIFE STORYBOARD

01 | LILIANA SITS QUIETLY READING IN THE SQUARE 88

89

DAY IN THE LIFE STORYBOARD

02 | A RESIDENT PICKS VEGETABLES FROM THE GARDEN

90

03 | BASKETBALL AT THE SPORTS COURT

04 | SUSANNAH WATCHES THE SPORTS COURT WITH HER CHILD

91

DAY IN THE LIFE STORYBOARD

05 | HER TEXTILES ARE SPREAD THROUGHOUT HER SPACE

92

06 | SHE HEADS OUT FOR A WALK WITH HER CHILD

07 | RIDING THE EXTERNAL ELEVATOR

93

DAY IN THE LIFE STORYBOARD

08 | PEOPLE RELAX ALL AROUND THE CENTRAL SQUARE

94

09 | A COMMON NOTICE BOARD SIGNALS ANNOUNCEMENTS

10 | A GLIMPSE INTO THE LIFE OF THE SMITH FAMILY

95

MATERIAL PALLETTE

CLAY INTERIOR STRUCTURE

CLAY EXTERIOR STRUCTURE

96

97

PLANTING SCHEDULE

ANIMAL HABITAT AND WIND PROTECTION

COLOUR AND SMELL

CREPE MYRTLE

CREPE MYRTLE

HAPPY WANDERER

LOMANDRA GRASS

FOX TAIL GRASS

SAWARA FALSE CYPRES

BOXWOOD HEDGE

LILLYPILLY HEDGE

PRIVET

GUM TREE

CITRIS

YELLOW BEAUTY

OLIVE TREE

OLIVE TREE

DESERT BRUSH

SPERIA

FRUIT AND COVERAGE

KANGAROO PAW

HYDRANGEA

98

RUBY BELL

REBLOOMING HYDRANGEA

GLOSSY ABELIA

GREVILLEA SYLVIA

LIMELIGHT HYDRANGEA

WATTLE

99

PLANTING PLAN

100

101

PLANTING SECTION

OVERSHADOWING Shadows cast by the surrounding towers present challenges in some areas of natural growth

ANIMAL HABITAT

OWNERSHIP Planting health and maintainability is a responsibility of residents living at Waterloo Place

SHADE Shade provided by developed tree plantings encourages outdoor interaction

Vegetation provides safety for various native animals to nest and shelter within

20m

102

103

“REFLECTION” | 10AM | CENTRAL COURTYARD

THANK YOU.

104

105

BIBLIOGRAPHY •

Abramson, Daniel Obsolescence: An Architectural History. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2016.

•

De Monchaux, Thomas. “A New Idea in Architecture? No New Buildings.” Metropolis: Architecture Design (December 30, 2019).

•

Huber, David. “Lacaton & Vassal Have Pioneered a Strategy for Saving France’s Social Housing” Metropolis: Architecture Design ( January 1, 2016).

•

McLachlan, James. "Exemplary Housing Estate Regeneration in Europe." AJ The Architects’ Journal (01/2015).

•

Bokern, Anneke. "Amsterdam-Slotervaart." In Making Heimat: Germany, Arrival Country, edited by Peter Cachola Schmal, Oliver Elser and Anna Scheuermann, 176– 97. Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz, 2016.

•

Löschke, Sandra Karina, and Hazel Easthope. "Postproduced: How Adaptive Redesign and Participatory Approaches Can Transform Ageing Housing." In From Conflict to Inclusion in Housing: Interaction of Communities, Residents and Activists, edited by Giorgos Artopoulos Graham Cains, Kirsten Day, 71-86. London: UCL Press, 2017.

•

Geoff Turnbull “Who’s Who in Waterloo – April 7, 2017” The South Sydney Herald (7 April 2017)

•

NSW Government, Plans for your Area: State Significant Precinct: Waterloo Estate

•

City of Sydney: Vision – Changing urban Precincts/Waterloo Precincts

•

Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2071.0 - Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia Stories from the Census, 2016.

•

Hebel, Dirk E.; Wisniewska, Marta H.; Heisel, Felix. Building from waste: recovered materials in architecture and construction. Birkhäuser, 2014.

106

107

WATERLOO PLACE