Table of contents
Part 1 Geography
SKILLS
1. The geography toolkit
1.1 Geographical concepts
1.2 Geographical skills
1.3 Asking questions
1.4 Collecting information
1.5 Analysing maps
1.6 Representing data
1.7 Identifying patterns and relationships
1.8 Concluding and decision-making
1.9 Communicating and reflecting
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND MANAGEMENT
2. Changing and managing the environment
2A What is environmental change?
2.1 Our amazing planet
2.2 Understanding environmental change
2.3 Human changes to the land
2.4 Human changes to the atmosphere
2.5 Human changes to water
2.6 Environmental changes in Australia
2A Skills in context: Return to Eden
2B What factors influence environmental change?
2.7 Drivers of ecosystem change
2.8 Invasive species
2.9 Loss of biodiversity
2.10 Pollution
2.11 Climate change
2B Skills in context: Retreating glaciers
2C How are we responding to environmental change?
2.12 One world, many views
2.13 Custodial responsibility
2.14 Caring for country
2.15 Spatial strategies for managing environmental change
2.16 Environmental strategies for managing environmental change
2.17 Interconnected strategies for managing environmental change
2.18 Responding to climate change
2C Skills in context: Climate change and the Saami people
Review Activity: Dam busters
3. Coastal change and management
3A How is the coastal environment changing?
3.1 What kinds of changes affect coastal environments?
3.2 Changes to coastal ecosystem services
3.3 Climate change and coasts
3.4 The impact of climate change on Ningaloo Reef
3.5 The impact of population growth on coasts
3.6 Loss of coastal biodiversity
3A Skills in context: Dunwich’s disappearing churches
3B How can coastal changes be managed?
3.7 Differing world views in coastal regions
3.8 New ways of managing coasts
3.9 Protecting the coast
3.10 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ management of the coast
3.11 Change at Rainbow Beach
3.12 Integrated Coastal Zone Management
3.13 ICZM in the Netherlands
3.14 Responding to environmental change
3B Skills in context: Ningaloo Coast
Review Activity: Booming Busan
GEOGRAPHIES OF HUMAN WELLBEING
4. An unequal world
4A How does wellbeing vary around the world?
4.1 Defining wellbeing
4.2 Different measures of wellbeing
4.3 Why inequalities in wellbeing occur
4.4 Measuring wealth
4.5 Measuring health
4.6 Measuring education
4.7 Measuring gender eqaulity
4.8 Measuring freedom
4.9 Combination measurements
4A Skills in context: No place to call home: the wellbeing of stateless people
4B How does wellbeing vary within countries?
4.10 Wellbeing in Australia
4.11 Causes of wellbeing variations in Australia
4.12 The wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
4.13 Causes of variations in the wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
4.14 Variations in wellbeing within India
4.15 India’s rural-urban divide
4.16 Causes of wellbeing variation in India
4.17 Impacts of variations in wellbeing in India
4B Skills in context: Changes in wellbeing over time in India
Review Activity: The link between natural hazards and wellbeing
5. Improving wellbeing
Timor Leste
Review Activity: World Vision Australia
Part 2 History SKILLS
6. The history toolkit
6.1 Historical concepts and skills
6.2 Historical questions
6.3 Chronology
6.4 Using historical sources
6.5 Continuity and change
6.6 Causes and consequences
6.7 Historical significance
6.8 Communicating and reflecting
INVESTIGATING WORLD WAR II
7.
World War II
8A What were the causes of World War II and what course did it take?
7.1 World War II: a timeline
7.2 Causes of World War II
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
Signficant individual: Adolf Hitler
Japan’s rise to power
The course of the war in Europe
draft
5A Who is working to improve wellbeing?
5.1 The United Nations
5.2 The Sustainable Development Goals
5.3 Australia and foreign aid
5.4 The role of non-government organisations
5A Skills in context: Charity
5B How is wellbeing improving?
5.5 Improving wellbeing in Australia
5.6 Improving the wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
5.7 Are we closing the gap?
5.8 Improving wellbeing in India
5B Skills in context: Reducing infant mortality in
7.11
The course of the war in Asia and the Pacific
The end of the war
7A Skills in context: Hitler’s speeches and the failure of appeasement
7B What were some of the most significant events of World War II?
The Holocaust
The atomic bombings
The Kokoda campaign
The Battle for Australia
7B Skills in context: Antisemitism and the Holocaust
7C What impact did World War II have on the lives on Australians and Australia’s international relationships?
7.12
7.13
7.14
Australia’s commitment to the war
How Australians experienced the war
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples at war
7.15 How Australians experienced the war
7.16
7.17
7.18
Life on the home front: wartime government
Life on the home front: the changing role of women
Australia’s international relationships
7C Skills in context: Commemorating World War II
Review Activity: Normandy invasion (D-Day landings)
INVESTIGATING RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
8. Rights and freedoms
9A How have Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia struggled for rights and freedoms?
8.1 Rights and freedoms: a timeline
8.2 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
8.3 The struggle for Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander peoples’ rights
8.4 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Isaldner peoples’ activism in the 19th and 20th centuries
8.5 Significant individual: Jack Patten
8.6 Other significant individuals in the 19th and 20th centuries
8.7 The US civil rights movements
8A Skills in context: The Stolen Generations
8.8 Australia’s civil rights movement
8.9 Land rights: a continuing struggle
8.10 Towards reconciliation
8B Skills in context: Charles Perkins: a significant individual
8C How do activists continue the struggle for rights and freedoms?
8.11 Two speeches, two perspectives
8.12 The reconciliation movement
8.13 The Uluru Statement from the Heart and the Voice Referendum
8.14 The changing role of women since 1945
9C Skills in context: The Yirrkala Bark Petitions
Review Activity: Land rights battle in 2020
Part 3 Economics and business
9. The economics and business toolkit
9.1 Economics and business concepts
9.2 Economics and business skills
9.3 Questioning and researching
9.4 Analysing
9.5 Evaluating
9.6 Communicating and reflecting
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND LIVING STANDARDS
10. Measuring economic performance
11A How is the performance of the Australian economy measured?
10.1 The business cycle
10.2
Measuring growth - GDP
10.3 Other measures of growth
10.4
10.5
Measuring price change - inflation
Measuring participation - the employment rate
10A Skills in context: Youth unemployment
10B How well does the Australian economy perform compared with other economies around the world?
10.6 How Australia’s economy compares
10B Skills in context: Understanding Australia’s economic growth
Review Activity: Analysing political and economic cartoons
11. Living standards
11A Why do living standards vary?
11.1 Living standards
11.2 Factors that affect living standards
11A Skills in context: Poverty in Australia
11B How can living standards be improved??
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
Income and wealth distribution in Australia
Macroeconomic policy to improve living standards
Microeconomic policy to improve living standards
Externalities and regional development
11B Skills in context: Living standards and climate change
Review Activity: 2024-25 federal budget analysis
THE CHANGING WORLD OF BUSINESS
12. The changing world of business and work
12A How do businesses respond to changing economic conditions?
12.1 How business respond to changing conditions
12.2
12.3
Workplace management and productivity
Ethical decision-making in business
12A Skills in context: AI in the creative industries
12B How is the world of work changing?
12.4 The world of work is constantly changing
12.5 Enterprising skills in the workplace
12B Skills in context: the job market outlook for the future
Review Activity: The changing world of business and work
Part 4 Civics and citizenship SKILLS
13. The civics and citizenship toolkit
13.1 Civics and citizenship concepts
13.2 Civics and citizenship skills
13.3 Questioning and researching
13.4 Analysing
13.5 Evaluating
13.6 Communicating and reflecting
PROTECTING DEMOCRACY
14.
Australia’s democracy in the global context
14A What are the key features of Australia’s system of government and democracy?
14.1 Key features of Australia’s system of government
14.2 Principles of Australia’s system of government
14.3 Australia’s Commonwealth Parliament
14A Skills in context: Australia’s international democratic rating
14B How does Australia’s system of goverment compare to others in the region?
14.4 Key features of Indonesia’s system of government
14.5 International and national influences on systems of government
14B Skills in context: Australia’s international obligations to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
15. The Australian Constitution and the High Court
15A How are rights protected in Australia?
15.1 Rights in Australia
15.2 The Australian Constitution
15.3 The role of the High Court in interpreting the Constitution
15A Skills in context: The right to protest
Review Activity: Aboriginal Australians win High Court battle
