NECC Briquette Making Machine Refinement

NDABIBI ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

CENTRE Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Josphat

Tabitha Anthony

Joseph

Sarah

Ndabibi

Location Ndabibi is located 120 km(s) west of Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya, in the Naivasha district.

It takes approximately two and half-hours to travel from Nairobi to Ndabibi by motorized vehicle.

Naivasha

Kenya

Nairobi

Introduction Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Ndabibi

Naivasha

Nairobi

Kenya

Introduction Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Focus

Briquette Making Objective Improve briquette production through viable, low-tech solutions, using local resources in Ndabibi, Kenya.

Project Brief Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Focus

Briquette Making Objective Improve briquette production through viable, low-tech solutions, using local resources in Ndabibi, Kenya.

“Briquette is a very new thing in my village and [I] am the only person who have tried using it and currently when it turned hard to use it, i got tired and now that’s why i need people to design a better and quick one.

Removing the briquette from the pipe was very hard.

As i said very few families have seen a briquette or use it.

It will be a new thing to many.”

Project Brief Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/

Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World

Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/

Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520

Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/

Briquettes

What?

Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World

Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520

Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World

Biomass Fuel66, Briquettes from around the Wo Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway Ashland, OR 97520 Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, O Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/

Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.o

Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520 Biomass Briquettes around the World AdditionalFuel information available from at http://www.legacyfound.org/

Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520

Additionalof information availablematter at http://www.legacyfound.org/ A briquette is a block flammable used as fuel Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the Wo Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, O to start and maintain a fire.

Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound

Common types of briquettes are charcoal briquettes and biomass briquettes.

Variants of around biomass Biomass Fuel Briquettes from thebriquettes World

Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World

originated in Nepal Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/ thousands of years ago.

The first commercial biomass Additional information available at Fuel http://www.legacyfound.org/ Biomass Briquettes from around the World Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520 briquetting plant was 4886 established in 1982 in Nepal.

Biomass Fuel Briquettes from aro Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520

Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520

Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/ Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highw Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World Additional information available at http://ww Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520

Biomass Fuel Briquettes from arou

Biomass Briquettes from around the World AdditionalFuel information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/ Biomass are made from organic waste and are Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway Photos courteous briquettes The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520 Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World Additional information available at http://www Additional information available at fuels, http://www.legacyfound.org/ a courteous replacement for fossil have in The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highwaythey 66, Ashland, OR applications 97520 Biomass FuelPhotos Briquettes from around the World Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World Additional information available at Highway http://www.legacyfound.org/ Photos courteous ThePhotos Legacycourteous Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520 The Legacy Foundation, 4886 66, Ashland, ORcountries.

97520 Biomass Fuel Briquettes from around the World manufacturing plants and developing Additional information availableinformation at http://www.legacyfound.org/ Additional available at http://www.legacyfound.org/

Photos courteous The Legacy Foundation, 4886 Highway 66, Ashland, OR 97520

Additional information available at http://www.legacyfound.org/

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquettes

Why? A low-cost, sustainable alternative to expensive and harmful fossil fuels.

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquettes

Why? A low-cost, sustainable alternative to expensive and harmful fossil fuels.

An alternative to firewood, which is one of the contributors to rapid deforestation in the Naivasha district as well as worldwide.

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquettes

Why? A low-cost, sustainable alternative to expensive and harmful fossil fuels.

An alternative to firewood, which is one of the contributors to rapid deforestation in the Naivasha district as well as worldwide.

Rapid deforestation leads to rapid soil erosion, which spells disaster for most of the villagers of Ndabibi who rely on subsistence farming.

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquettes

Why? A low-cost, sustainable alternative to expensive and harmful fossil fuels.

An alternative to firewood, which is one of the contributors to rapid deforestation in the Naivasha district as well as worldwide.

Rapid deforestation leads to rapid soil erosion, which spells disaster for most of the villagers of Ndabibi who rely on subsistence farming.

Biomass briquettes require no energy to be produced, other than physical input.

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquettes

How? Most of the briquette press designs implemented in the developing world have been designed and developed on an open source platform directed by Cincinnati engineers Leland Hite & Dr. Zan Smith since 1994.

Josphat uses a briquette press that was created in 1996 and has last been updated in february of 2011.

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquettes

How? Most of the briquette press designs implemented in the developing world have been designed and developed on an open source platform directed by Cincinnati engineers Leland Hite & Dr. Zan Smith since 1994.

Josphat uses a briquette press that was created in 1996 and has last been updated in february of 2011.

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquettes

How? Mold Press

Drainage Pipe

Slurry

Briquette

Mold

Base

Research Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Initial Prototypes Early prototypes attempted to create presses that could have multiple briquette molds while maintaining the needed pressure.

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Initial Prototypes

Torque-Based Presses This prototype used two points in which torque was applied to press the mold.

Took too long with two torque points.

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Initial Prototypes

Torque-Based Presses This prototype used two points in which torque was applied to press the mold.

Took too long with two torque points.

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Initial Prototypes

Torque-Based Presses Pressing and pulling apart the mold took too long utilizing the torque.

20 Minutes 3 Briquettes

Burn Time 40-45 minutes

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Secondary Prototypes

Existing Press We decided to build the same briquette press that Josphat has. To see how it worked and how it would compare to our earlier prototypes.

The press is the most common, most developed and one of the oldest briquette press designs used in developing countries.

Pressing the briquette took relatively no time, the most time was taken in pouring the slurry of organic matter and removing the briquette from the mold.

10 Minutes 1 Briquette

Burn Time 30 minutes

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

The Process of Making Briquettes

Preparing the Slurry

Pressing Briquettes

Removing Briquettes

Drying Briquettes

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

The Process of Making Briquettes

Preparing the Slurry

Pressing Briquettes

Removing Briquettes

Drying Briquettes

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Multiplying Briquette Production Using multiple molds and mold plungers we could press more material simultaneously.

X3 X6

X9

Due to the fact that the mold assembly (mold, mold plunger, drainage tube, and end cap) is one of the hardest things to make for the briquette machine we decided to look at how we could multiply the amounts of briquettes within one mold.

X 12

disks

1/4”

mold

3 or 4” Diameter Drainage Tube Mold Plunger 1 1/8”

Existing Structure

New Briquette Structural Support

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Briquette Disks By increasing the amount of slurry in the mold, the size of the mold and using disks that have a tight fit we have separated the slurry in three tiers, which produces three briquettes per mold per press. disks could be sliced from plunger for perfect fit.

Similar disks are already used as part of the mold plunger but have not yet been adapted to separate the slurry in tiers and create multiple briquettes.

Two Briquettes

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Mold Press

Drainage Pipe

Slurry

Disks

Briquette

Mold

Base

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Extracting Briquettes

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

pressing/removing 3 briquettes using newly designed prototypes

00:05:22 hours

5 Minutes 3 Briquettes

minutes

seconds

Burn Time 30-45 minutes

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Ideation & Prototypes Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

1 Burn Time (ea)

1 Hour

Burn Time (total)

20 Minutes 3 Briquettes

40-45 minutes

9 Briquettes

6 - 6:45 Hours

10 Minutes 1 Briquette

30-40 minutes

6 Briquettes

3 - 4 Hours

5 Minutes 3 Briquette

30-45 minutes

36 Briquettes

18 - 27 Hours

2 Minutes 1 Briquette

30-45 minutes

30 Briquettes

15 - 22:30 Hours

Comparisons Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2) (14) (1) (5) (1) (14)

Total Parts: 48

Total Parts: 12

Total in2 of Lumber: 696�

Total in2 of Lumber: 68 1/4�

(2) (3) (2) (2) (1) (1)

Comparisons Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

DIY

Manufacture

Rendering Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Demo Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Parts List

Assembly 530mm 35mm

(2x) 175mm

20mm

(2x) 35mm

280mm

100mm

(1x)

(3x)

(6x)

(3x)

(1x) (1x) (1x) (2x)

Manual & Instruction Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

Using The Press

To Press Briquette

To Release Briquette

Manual & Instruction Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park

The University of The Arts Ndabibi Environmetal Conservation Centre

Industrial Design@Uarts Spring 2012

IDES 302

Coordinator: Will McHale

Koraldo Kajanaku | Jeff Park | Sihun Park