Managementul durabil al apei si punerea in aplicare a Directivei Cadru a UE privind apa

Sustainable Water Management & the Implementation of Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/ EC

Paradigm Shift Yesterday • Water Economics > Water Conservation

Today • Water Conservation > Water Economics

Definition: Sustainability “ Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” Hanover Principles –Expo 2000 World Commission on Environment

A challenging statement…

“Under an average economic growth and an actual efficiency improvement of 1% a year, the world wide water demand and supply gap will be approximately 40% by 2030” Charting Our Water Future (2009) The 2030 Water Resource Group

Worldwide 90 % of human excrements and urine go to rivers, lakes, to the sea and the ground water - instead of being used for improving soil fertility !

Treatment only 10 %

90 %

Shortcomings of conventional water systems

Advantages of sustainable water management

The aims of sustainable water management  Reducing water pollution and sewage  Saving of scarce and expensive drinking water  Using greygrey- and rainwater  Cleaning wastewater by natural processes  Recycling nutrients to agriculture for soil fertility  Biomass energy production

1st step: Reduce sewage streams by saving water ! !

2nd step: Separate sewage streams !

3rd step: Close the nutrient cycle with Black water !

4th step: Clean and recycle grey water locally !

The first step: REDUCE SEWAGE STREAMS BY SAVING WATER !

The second step: SEPARATE SEWAGE STREAMS !

Sewage separation

Separate sewage water flows: Black water / grey water

CHP = combined heat and power

The third step: CLOSE THE NUTRIENT CYCLE WITH BLACK WATER !

The forth step: CLEAN AND RECYCLE GREY WATER LOCALLY !

Local cleaning of grey water

Re-using grey water: •irrigation •inhouse use •process water

•groundwater recharge •local discharge

Production of biomass

Production of biomass

Biomass = energy source, soil fertility, building material

Alternative waste water treatment plants

constructed wetlands Horizontal soil filter

soil filter inlet/ sedimentation tank

outlet

flow direction

Vertical soil filter

soil filter inlet/ sedimentation tank

flow direc tion

outlet

DIRECTIVE 2000/60/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 23 October 2000 The Water Framework Directive (WFD), was adopted in 2000 .

It lays the foundation for a modern, and long term sustainable water management in the European Union

Water is not a commercial product like any other but, rather, a heritage which must be protected, defended and treated as such.

The Water Framework Directive is the tool to enact the Management and Protection of Water Resources in order to overcome : ď Ź

the lack of sufficient water supplies

ď Ź

the deterioration of the environment

A single system of water management: River basin management 

Integrated approach to the protection of water resources :  





Definition of Water Directorates Unified understanding of all the types of Water Bodies Planning and realization of management plans

Decentralization with:  

Decree of Regional Management Offices Assurance and reinforcement of public participation at decision making

What is the Water Framework Directive?

• European Directive 2000/60/EC • An ecology based directive designed to protect all waters: – Rivers, – Lakes, – Coastal waters, and – Groundwaters.

WFD will achieve this protect via: – A set of environmental objectives – Introducing the concept of river basin planning and River Basin Management Plans

– Controlling pollution from all sources (industry, agriculture, urban areas, etc) – Active participation of all stakeholders (regulators, water companies, NGOs, and local communities).

Aims of WFD

• Prevent deterioration, enhance status of aquatic ecosystems and associated wetlands (ecological and chemical status - quality and quantity) • Promote sustainable water use.

• Reduce pollution from priority substances.

• Prevent deterioration / reduce pollution of groundwater.

• Contribute to mitigating the effects of floods and droughts.

Recommendations of the Water Framework Directive ď ś The Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC of 23 October 2000) combines protection of ecological status with long-term water use and sustainable development. ď ś Demand management and reduced water consumption, through the use of water charging and other economic incentives as well as the use of less water consuming technology, re-use of waste waters, changes in crop choices and development of efficient irrigation systems must be explored. ď ś The Water Framework Directive should be seen as an incentive for finding solutions, which build on a genuinely better balanced between exploitation of available resources and protection and improvement of the natural resources and natural ecology.

Recommendations of the Water Framework Directive

ď ś Under the new Water Framework Directive, water cannot be abstracted, transferred or diverted in large quantities without a throughout examination of the possible environmental impacts.

ď ś This is likely to reduce transfer of water and give incentives towards a mix of other instruments, including demand management, charging, recycling and re-use of water, development of less water consuming technologies and agricultural practices, land use policies, etc.

Degree of modification

{

No or very minor

Physico-chemical Quality + Slight Standar ds

{

ECOLOGICAL STATUS

HIG H GOO D

{

MODERAT E

Major

{

POO R

Severe

{

BA D

Moderate

WFD Timetable Year

River Basin Planning Requirements

2004

Characterisation and risk assessment

2006

Monitoring programmes

2009

Finalise & publish first RBMPs Measures fully operational

2013

Reviews

2014

Publish 2nd draft RBMPs

2015

Achieve environmental objectives in 1st RBMP Finalise and publish second River Basin Management Plans

2015

Water quantity and quality: A problem with European dimension

The most appropriate tool for monitoring is Telemetry What can be measured by automatic stations With minimum calibration frequency (less than 2 months) Water level Water Flow Water temperature Water pH Water Dissolved oxygen Water conductivity Turbidity Water Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and TSS Total organic carbon (TOC), Nitrates, Nitrites

Data transfer and control based on modern methods based on the internet

How the system Works The data easily can forwarded to the On the computer suitable software internet A number of automatic stations, process the send data, and forward the software provides web interface data to a gateway, The viaresults GPRS orAuthorized via users can have access to for direct access to the data for UHF, every 15 minutes The gateway sends the datathe to one dataorvia internet authorized user more central computer, via local (like government authorities, universities, network, or via internet The responsible persons estimate the etc) dangerous and can issue more accurate instructions and take decisions

internet

Optional large Optional a SMS server candisplays be installed can in order to send the alarm be msg via installed SMS to the citizens, local authorities in specific etc places

Basic characteristics Can be installed anywhere, no special infrastructures needed Whole the communication based on LAN or internet Incorporated web server Multi user access via internet Each user has unique ID and password and writes according the administrator schedule The users do not need special software just a web browser Expandable up to 1000 stations

POSSIBLE EXPANSIONS

MORE HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETERS

METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS

AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS

Thank you for your attention!

FONDUL SOCIAL EUROPEAN Programul Operaţional Sectorial Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 2007-2013 Axa prioritară nr. 3 „Creşterea adaptabilităţii lucrătorilor şi a întreprinderilor” Domeniul major de intervenţie 3.2. „Formare şi sprijin pentru întreprinderi şi angajaţi pentru promovarea adaptabilităţii” Titlul proiectului: : „COPMED – COMPETENTE PENTRU PROTECTIA MEDIULUI” Contract nr. POSDRU/81/3.2./S/52242 Proiect cofinanţat din Fondul Social European prin Programul Operaţional Sectorial Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 2007-2013 –„Investeşte în oameni!