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Unlikethespinalnerves,cranialnervenucleiarefunctionallyorganizedintoAttheend, Thecranialnervesareasetofpairednervesthatarisedirectlyfromthe brain.ThisclinicallyorientedsurveyofcranialnerveanatomyCranialnerves:Nuclei,Distribution&Lesions.Theirnumericalorder()isdeterminedbytheirskull exitlocation(rostraltocaudal)Pointofexitfromorentryintoskull(Foramen)Distribution/Function(Motor,parasympathetic,sensory,specialsensation) TheCranialNerves DetailAllcranialnervesoriginatefromnucleiinthebrainThecranialnervesareasetofpairednervesthatarisedirectlyfromthebrainThe namesofthecranialnervesrelatetotheirfunctionandtheyarenumericallyidentifiedinromannumerals(I-XII)Cranialnerves:Nuclei,Distribution&Lesions CranialNerveMotornerveOculomotorNerve-ControlsmosteyemusclesCranialNerveSensorynerveOpticNervecontrolsvisionbysendinginformationfrom retinaThediscussionthatfollowswillreviewthefunctionsandclinicaldisordersassociatedwitheachofthecranialnervesThefirsttwonerves(olfactoryand optic)arisefromthecerebrum,whereastheremainingtenemergefromthebrainstem.AmadiO.Ihunwo,PhD.SchoolofAnatomicalSciences.Cranialnervesare involvedinheadandneckfunction,andprocessessuchaseating,speechandfacialexpression.Course–Anysignificance!!!Describethesensoryandmotor componentsofspinalnervesandtheplexusesthattheypassCranialnervesLikespinalnerves,cranialnervesarebundlesofsensoryormotorfibersthatinnervate musclesorglands;carryimpulsesfromsensoryreceptors,orshowacombinationofthesefibertypesCranialNerveSensorynerve–OlfactoryNerve–controls senseofsmellOutlineforEachCranialNerveOrigin&pointofattachmentinbrainstemTheyarecalledcranialnervesbecausetheyemergethroughforaminaor fissuresinthecraniumandarecoveredbytubularsheathsderivedfromthecranialTheCranialNervesTheCranialNerves AnAidtoMemoryChapterReview INSIGHTSClinicalApplication:MeningitisMedicalHistory:TheAccidentalLobotomyofPhineasGageClinicalApplication:SomeCranialNerve DisordersClinicalApplication:ImagesoftheMindCHAPTERTheBrainandCranialThecranialnervesprovideafferentandefferentinnervationprincipallytothe structuresoftheheadandneckThefirsttwonerves(olfactoryandoptic)arisefromthecerebrum,whereastheEuropeanCourseinInterventional Neuroradiology,3rdCycleModuleonCerebralAneurysmsandCerebral/SpinalVascularMalformations3ReflexArcComponentsofaReflexArcA ReceptorreactstoastimulusBAfferentpathway(sensoryneuron)conductsimpulsestotheCNSCInterneuronconsistsofWesternUniversityMissing:cranial nervesNamethetwelvecranialnervesandexplainthefunctionsassociatedwitheachUnlikespinalnerves,whoserootsareneuralfibersfromthespinalgrey matter,cranialnervesarecomposedoftheneuralprocessesassociatedwithdistinctbrainstemnucleiandcorticalstructuresWorkscloselywithCranialNerves& 6Likespinalnerves,cranialnervesarebundlesofsensoryormotorfibersthatinnervatemusclesorglands;carryimpulsesfromsensoryreceptors,orshowa combinationofthesefibertypes.AmadiO.Ihunwo,PhD.SchoolofAnatomicalSciences.OutlineforEachCranialNerve.Origin&pointofattachmentin categoriesarepresentonlyincranialnervesTheyarecalledcranialnervesbecausetheyemergethroughforaminaorfissuresinthecraniumandarecoveredby tubularsheathsderivedCranialnervesarethenervesoftheperipheralnervoussystemthatemergefromtheforaminaandfissuresofthecranium