NUTROLIN® HORSE –PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT BACKED BY RESEARCH
ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS FROM VEGETABLE OILS FOR THE SKIN
• Nutrolin® HORSE Skin & Coat is a mixture of vegetable oils high in omega-6 linoleic acid, which is essential for horses’ skin. The mixture has been supplemented with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (ALA, SDA and GLA), which boost the effectiveness of linoleic acid.
• The oil composition is unique and has therefore been patented both in Europe and in the USA (EP 2 370 074 B1 and US 847 0876).
• Linoleic acid helps to build the skin’s natural protective mechanism, the permeability barrier. Oils containing omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil and salmon oil, for example), do not have this effect (McCusker & Grant-Kels 2010). A functional skin barrier maintains the skin's moisture balance
Nutrolin® HORSE products are made using the best ingredients and nutrients designed to compliment horses' special dietary needs.
and alleviates skin problems caused by dryness (Hansen & Jensen 1985; Elias 2014).
• Dry skin becomes flaky which reduces the quality of the coat. Dry skin is also susceptible to hypersensitive responses to allergens and bacterial inflammation.
FISH OIL OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS
• Even though the natural diet of horses does not include fish or fish oil, the omega-3 fatty acids they contain (namely EPA, ETA, DPA and DHA) significantly enhance horses' nutrition, which is why they are part of our Joint Duo and Sport products. A diverse omega-3 fatty acid composition effectively supresses low-level inflammation (Calder 2013).
• Only fish oil omega-3 fatty acids have the effect of suppressing inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids in vegetable oils such as flax, canola, hemp and chia seep oils do not suppress inflammation. In animals, vegetable oil omega-3 fatty acids are converted into omega-3 EPA to a small extent. In a study conducted on horses, flax oil omega-3 fatty acid conversion into EPA and DHA was practically non-existent and only fish oil increased the omega-3 content of cells (Siciliano et al. 2003, Vineyard et al. 2010 and Hess et al. 2012).
PROTECTION FOR JOINTS FROM MEDICAL GRADE INGREDIENTS
• Nutrolin® HORSE Joint Duo contains two components: a liquid fish oil and a solution of joint nutrients glucosamine and hyaluronate.
• Joint Duo’s fish oil and joint nutrients are of medical quality. This means that the production of ingredients is monitored and that they achieve the same results from batch to batch.
• The effectiveness of these ingredients in reducing the pain in arthritic joints has been documented in research (Hochberg et al. 2016).
NATURAL VITAMIN E PROTECTS
THE BODY FROM OXIDATIVE STRESS
• A state of oxidative stress occurs when the formation of oxygen free radicals in body tissues exceeds the body’s own antioxidants’ ability to protect tissues from oxidation. Oxidative stress is a state that causes damage to cells’ DNA, proteins and cell membranes.
• Inflammation and the activity of white blood cells increase the formation of oxygen radicals and intensify oxidative stress. The addition of vitamin E to a diet is beneficial in cases of lowgrade inflammation. These can be problems caused by excessive dryness of the skin, joint problems and strenuous physical exercise.
REFERENCES:
• Nutrolin HORSE series' products are supplemented with natural vitamin E, because it is over 1.5 times as effective as the most commonly used synthetic vitamin E.
WAYS OF PREVENTING OXIDATION
• Oils containing beneficial omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids are prone to oxidation and easily become rancid. Horses dislike the smell of rancid oil - which is great because it is harmful to its system, in particular to growing and elderly horses and sports horses.
• Nutrolin® nutritional oils' resistance to oxidation has been developed in cooperation with researchers from the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). As a result, Nutrolin® oils are exceedingly high-quality and safe (Thomsen et al. 2017).
1. Calder PC (2013) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory process: nutrition or pharmacology? Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 75(3):645-662.
2. Elias PM (2014). Lipid abnormalities and lipid-based repair strategies in atopic dermatitis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1841:323-30.
3. Hansen HS & B Jensen (1985). Essential function of linoleic acid esterified in acylglucosylceramide and acylceramide in maintaining the epidermal water permeability barrier. Evidence form feeding studies with oleate, linoleate, arachidoniate, columbinate and alpha-linolenate. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 834(3):357-63.
4. Hess, T. M., Rexford, J. K., Hansen, D. K., Harris, M.; Schauermann, N., Ross, T., Engle, T. E., Allen, K. G. D. and Mulligan, C. M. 2012. Effects of two different dietary sources of long chain omega-3, highly unsaturated fatty acids on incorporation into the plasma, red blood cell, and skeletal muscle in horses. Journal of Animal Science 90:3023-3031.
5. Hochberg M.C., Martel-Pelletier J., Monfort J., Möller I., Castillo J.R., Arden N., Berenbaum F., Blanco F.J., Conaghan P.G., Doménech G., Henrotin Y., Pap T., Richette P., Sawitzke A., du Souich P., Pelletier J.P. 2016. Combined chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine for painful knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial versus celecoxib. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Jan;75(1):37-44.
6. Siciliano, P. D., S. K. Webel, L. S. Brown, L. K. Warren, T. E. Engle, and P. D. Burns. 2003. Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid source on plasma fatty acid profiles of horses. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 1):72. (Abstr.)
7. Thomsen, B., Griinari, M., Jacobsen, C. (2017). Improving oxidative stability of liquid fish oil supplements for pets. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Tech. 119(6).
8. Vineyard, K. R.; Warren, L. K. and Kivipelto, J. 2010. Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid source on plasma and red blood cell membrane composition and immune function in yearling horses. Journal of Animal Science 88:248-257.
