Norwich University 2018 Inaugural Peace & War Summit Program

Dealing with North Korea’s Nuclear/Missile Challenges A central issue for peace and stability for the U.S. and East Asian region

September 17-18, 2018

Mack Hall Auditorium at Norwich University

A TWO-DAY SUMMIT THAT ADDRESSES CRITICAL, GLOBAL ISSUES FROM AN INTEGRATED SCHOLARLY AND POLICY PERSPECTIVE

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PEACE & WAR CENTER

A Message from the President Welcome to Norwich University and the inaugural Peace and War Summit, launched by our Peace and War Center. It is our honor to welcome you all and to host this summit in Northfield, Vermont.

Our current world community faces a number of tough challenges, including the rise of parochial nationalism and extremist ideas, trade disputes, climate change, cyber warfare, rampant crime, civil wars, refugee crises, nuclear proliferation, and an intensifying great power rivalry. In a world defined by such uncertainty and complexity, security capacity is increasingly dependent upon the ability to integrate multiple capabilities, cultural competencies, and adaptability to change. The focus of this two-day summit is to explore what the future holds and how the nation’s colleges’ and universities’ academic and leadership programs and experiential learning opportunities can support the critical thinking and disciplined actions required of our students and scholars.

I strongly believe that this Peace and War Summit, and future summits, will play an important role in fulfilling our educational mission while stimulating both scholarly and policy debates over pressing contemporary issues.

We appreciate your visit and thank you in advance for the contributions that you will make to the summit. Enjoy Vermont’s natural beauty and please let us know if there is anything we can do to make your time at Norwich University more fruitful.

Norwich Forever!

Richard W. Schneider RADM, USCGR (Ret.) President

A Message from the Peace & War Center Acting Director As Acting Director of the Peace and War Center (PAWC) at Norwich University, I would like to welcome you all to the inaugural Peace and War Summit. Conceived to become an annual event, the Peace and War Summit will address critical global issues from an integrated scholarly and policy perspective.

The Peace and War Summit aims to help promote our understanding of major contemporary problems in the world community while exerting positive influence on policy discourse and formation. The 2018 Peace and War Summit focuses on North Korea’s nuclear and missile challenges, which are currently a central issue for peace and stability for the United States and the East Asian region. Next year we will grapple with another important issue—the great power rivalry between the U.S. and China/Russia.

The summit scholarship and policy implications will be published annually in the forthcoming Journal of Peace and War Studies by Norwich University Press, scheduled for release in March 2019.

The regional security environment surrounding the Korean Peninsula has undergone a dramatic shift from high military tensions to diplomatic overtures. In 2017, North Korea continually conducted nuclear and long-range missile tests, threatening the United States and its key Asian allies, South Korea and Japan. In response to such provocations, U.S. President Donald Trump delivered a series of harsh warning messages and openly considered the adoption of military options to resolve the North Korean problem. These provoking interactions escalated the tension level tremendously.

Yet, such intensified concern began to diminish in January 2018 as a result of South Korean President Moon Jae-in’s active mediation, North Korean leader Kim Jong-un’s charm offensive, and U.S. President Donald Trump’s acceptance of Kim’s request to have a U.S.-North Korea summit. Nevertheless, the North Korean nuclear and missile problem has persistently lingered without a diplomatic breakthrough even after the historic Trump-Kim summit on June 12, 2018. Under these circumstances, it is very timely and meaningful for prominent scholars and policy experts to discuss the issue from various perspectives and search for viable solutions to this difficult problem at the 2018 Peace and War Summit at Norwich.

Thank you very much for attending this summit. We welcome and encourage your participation in the discussion about the North Korean nuclear/missile issue. I hope that you have an enjoyable and enlightening experience at Norwich University.

Sincerely,

Yangmo Ku, PhD Associate Professor of Political Science Acting Director of the Peace and War Center

SCHEDULE OF EVENTS Sunday, September 16 1800 – 2000

Welcome Reception (Invitation Only) J. Morgan’s Steakhouse

Monday, September 17 0800 – 0845 Breakfast (Invitation Only) Milano Ballroom 0900 – 0950 Opening Ceremony: Welcome and Keynote Speaker

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Travis Morris

Welcome and Introduction to the Summit: Dr. Yangmo Ku

Welcome remarks: President Richard Schneider

Welcome remarks: Associate Provost Karen Hinkle

Brief remarks: Japanese Consul General in Boston Rokuichiro Michii

Keynote speech: South Korean Consul General in Boston Yonghyon Kim 0950 – 1000 Break 1000 – 1050 Panel I: US Perspective

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Michael Thunberg, Norwich University

Presenter: Dr. Bruce Bechtol, Angelo State University

Discussant: Dr. John Gordon, RAND 1050 – 1100 Break 1100 – 1150 Panel II: Chinese Perspective

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Miri Kim, Norwich University

Presenter: Dr. Zhiqun Zhu, Bucknell University

Discussant: Dr. Yangmo Ku, Norwich University 1150 – 1250 Lunch (Invitation Only) Milano Ballroom 1300 – 1350 Panel III: Japanese Perspective

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Lasha Tchantouridzé, Norwich University

Presenter: Dr. Nori Katagiri, Saint Louis University

Discussant: Japanese Consul General in Boston Rokuichiro Michii 1350 – 1400 Break 1400 – 1450 Panel IV: South Korean Perspective

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Darlene Olsen, Norwich University

Presenter: Dr. Il Hyun Cho, Lafayette College

Discussant: COL David Maxwell, Foundation for Defense of Democracies 1450 – 1500 Break 1500 – 1550 Panel V: Student Research Presentations

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Steven Sodergren, Norwich University

Presenter: Yakub Yahaya, University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Presenter: William Pawlak, Norwich University

Presenter: Shawn Houle & Dylan O’Brien, Norwich University

Presenter: Jewon Kim, Korea University 1600 – 1800 Film Screening – Ode to My Father

Mack Hall Auditorium 1730 – 1915 Dinner Reception & Dinner (Invitation Only) Milano Ballroom

Presenter: Associate Provost Natalia Blank, Norwich University

Presenter: Jinsu Kim, Korea University 1930 – 2045 Traditional Korean Music and Dance Performance

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Matthew Thomas, Norwich University

Welcoming remarks: South Korean Consul General in Boston Yonghyon Kim Performances by:

Boston Korean Traditional Dance Group GAPI

Green Mountain Korean Traditional Percussion Sorimori

Tuesday, September 18 0800 – 0900 Breakfast (Invitation Only) Milano Ballroom 0925 – 1040 Roundtable: Dealing with Nuclear North Korea

Mack Hall Auditorium

Moderator: Dr. Rowly Brucken, Norwich University

Participant: Dr. Bruce Bechtol, Angelo State University

Participant: Dr. Il Hyun Cho, Lafayette College

Participant: Dr. Nori Katagiri, Saint Louis University

Participant: COL David Maxwell, Foundation for Defense of Democracies

Participant: Dr. Zhiqun Zhu, Bucknell University 1040 – 1100 Break 1100 – 1230 Closed Workshop

Mack Hall Conference Room 416 1230 – 1345 Lunch (Invitation Only)

Mack Hall Conference Room 416

ABOUT THE SPEAKERS Keynote Speaker

Mr. Yonghyon Kim is Consul General of the Republic of Korea in Boston. As a career diplomat, he brings thirty years of diplomatic expertise and experience to his office, which he assumed in December 2017. His duties include, inter alia, protecting the interests of the Republic of Korea and overseas Koreans in New England, and furthering the development of commercial, economic, cultural and scientific relations between the Republic of Korea and the United States, in particular New England region. Prior to his current position, Mr. Kim was DirectorGeneral for Korean Peninsula Peace Regime from March 2016. He also worked in the same bureau as Deputy Director-General for North Korean Nuclear Affairs for two years, starting from June 2014. He oversaw North Korea-related issues such as regional security cooperation, unification diplomacy and human rights situations.

From 2012 to 2014, Mr. Kim served as Korean Consul General in Erbil, Iraq. In his service in the Korean Consulate General in New York from 2009 to 2012, he worked on political and cultural public diplomacy, promoting public awareness on North Korea’s human rights situation, nuclear and missile threats. From 2008 to 2009, he worked on reinvigorating the ROK-US alliance focusing on strengthening bilateral security partnership as the Director of the ROK-US Security Cooperation Division in the North American Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

From 2005 to 2008, he was deeply involved in the Six Party Talks process on North Korea’s denuclearization, as political officer at the ROK Embassy in Beijing. He worked mainly on Korean Peninsula security issues, among other posts, working at the ROK Embassy in Washington (1999-2001), where his focus was ROKUS pol-mil cooperation. He also served in the National Security Council of the President’s Office (2003-2004). He entered the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1990.

He graduated from the Seoul National University in 1989 majoring in international relations, studied at the Pennsylvania State University (1992-1994). He lives in Newton, Massachusetts with his wife. He has two adult children.

Rokuichiro Michii has been the Consul General of Japan in Boston since September 2016. From 2012-2015, Mr. Michii served as Minister at the Embassy of Japan in Moscow, Russia. Also abroad, he was Pol-Mil Officer at the Embassy of Japan in Washington D.C. (1998-2001), Counselor at the Embassy of Japan in Myanmar (2001-2003). In Foreign Ministry headquarters, from 2007-2012, he served as Director of Treaties Division and others in the Treaty Bureau.

He was also Director of the Newly Independent States Division (2003-2005), Counter Terrorism Cooperation Division (2005-2007), and spent many years in U.S.-Japan Security Treaty Division as well as UN Policy Division. Mr. Michii’s areas of expertise include security, international law, trade negotiations, science and cooperative efforts. Mr. Michii has also published papers and articles on international law, with topics focusing on compensation for damage from nuclear accidents, space cooperation and others.

Bruce E. Bechtol, Jr. (Ph.D. Union Institute), is an award-winning professor of political science at Angelo State University and a retired Marine. He was formerly on the faculty at the Marine Corps Command and Staff College (2005–2010) and the Air Command and Staff College (2003–2005). Dr. Bechtol served as an adjunct visiting professor at the Korea University Graduate School of International Studies (2006–2007). He was an intelligence officer at the Defense Intelligence Agency from 1997 until 2003, eventually serving as the senior analyst for Northeast Asia in the Intelligence Directorate (J2) on the Joint Staff in the Pentagon. He formerly sat on the editorial review board of the East Asian Review from 2005 to 2009 and served as editor of the Defense Intelligence Journal from 2004 to 2005. He is currently on the editorial advisory board of the Korea Observer (2011–present) and is on the scientific board of Global Humanities (2014-present). He is the current president of the International Council on Korean Studies, and serves on the board of directors of the Council on U.S.-Korean Security Studies. He is the author of North Korean Military Proliferation to the Middle East and Africa: Enabling Violence and Instability (University Press of Kentucky: 2018), North Korea and Regional Security in the Kim Jong-un Era: A New International Security Dilemma (Palgrave Macmillan: 2014), The Last Days of Kim Jong-Il: The North Korean Threat in a Changing Era (University of Nebraska Press: 2013), Defiant Failed State: The North Korean Threat to International Security (Potomac Books: 2010), and Red Rogue: The Persistent Challenge of North Korea (Potomac Books: 2007), and he is the editor of Confronting Security Challenges on the Korean Peninsula (Marine Corps University Press: 2011) and The Quest for a Unified Korea: Strategies for the Cultural and Interagency Process (Marine Corps University Foundation: 2007). He is also the author of more than thirty articles in peer-reviewed journals. A widely sought after expert on North Korean international security issues, Dr. Bechtol has been called on to present commentary to the BBC, CNN, CBC, FOX News, Radio New Zealand, syndicated nationwide radio shows such as POTUS politics on SIRIUS/XM, the John Batchelor show, the Frank Gaffney show, and several interviews on National Public Radio (to name a few).

Il Hyun Cho (Ph.D., Cornell University) is an associate professor in the Department of Government and Law and the Asian Studies Program at Lafayette College. He is the author of Global Rogues and Regional Orders: The Multidimensional Challenge of North Korea and Iran (Oxford University Press, 2016), which offers a systematic analysis of the intersection of nuclear proliferation and regional order in East Asia and the Middle East. It does so by exploring the causes and consequences of the regional perceptions and policies with regard to the North Korean and Iranian challenges. His research interests include global governance, security studies, nuclear proliferation, regionalism, energy/environmental politics, and East Asian politics. He has held research fellowships and visiting positions at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University; the Department of Political Science, Stanford University; the Institute of Social Sciences, the University of Tokyo; the Academy of Korean Studies; the Center for the Study of the Presidency; and the Center for International Studies, Yonsei University.

His research has been published in Review of International Studies, Global Governance, Foreign Policy Analysis, Strategic Studies Quarterly, The Diplomat, Asian Security, Chinese Journal of International Politics, Korean Journal of Defense Analyses, and other edited volumes.

Dr John Gordon joined the RAND Corporation in 1997 following a 20-year U.S. Army career. Currently he is a Senior Policy Researcher. Since joining RAND he has participated in and led numerous studies for the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and the Departments of the Army and Navy. Dr Gordon has authored or co-authored several RAND studies on counterinsurgency and irregular warfare. He has led or participated in RAND research projects for the governments of the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy, and Germany. Dr Gordon is also an adjunct faculty member at Georgetown and George Mason Universities where he teaches graduate-level courses on counterinsurgency and military operations and strategy. He has authored numerous articles on military subjects in a variety of professional journals and the World War II history book, “Fighting for MacArthur, the Navy and Marine Corps’ Desperate Defense of the Philippines.” Currently he is leading studies for the Army on the Next Generation Combat Vehicle, Suppression of Air Defenses, and Improving the Survivability of Army forces. He has a Bachelor’s Degree in History from The Citadel, a Masters in International Relations from St Mary’s University in San Antonio, a MBA from Marymount University, and a PhD in Public Policy from George Mason University.

Nori Katagiri is associate professor of political science at Saint Louis University. With a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Pennsylvania, he teaches courses on international security and East Asian politics. He is the inaugural visiting research fellow of Air Staff College, Japan’s Air Self-Defense Force, at Meguro Base. He is also a cohort-4 member of the Mansfield Foundation US-Japan Network for the Future. He is the author of Adapting to Win: How Insurgents Fight and Defeat Foreign States in War (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015) as well as articles in such journals as Asian Security, International Studies Perspectives, Asian Survey, Harvard Asia Quarterly, and Small Wars and Insurgencies. Currently he is writing a book on Japan’s military power and East Asian security. Before he joined Saint Louis University, he was on the faculty of the Department of International Security Studies at Air War College, a graduate professional school of the US Air Force for government officials and US and international military officers, at Maxwell Air Force Base. Professor Katagiri is a recipient of a Meritorious Civilian Service Award from the Department of the Air Force.

Yangmo Ku is Associate Professor of Political Science and Acting Director of the Peace and War Center at Norwich University. Dr. Ku’s research focuses on North/ South Korean politics, East Asian security, US foreign policy, and the politics of memory and reconciliation in East Asia and Europe. His coauthored book, titled Politics in North and South Korea: Political Development, Economy, and Foreign Relations, was published in December 2017. His previous research has also appeared in numerous journals, including the Journal of East Asian Studies, Asian Perspective, Pacific Focus, Asian Journal of Peacebuilding, and the Yale Journal of International Affairs, as well as in two edited volumes on memory and reconciliation and North Korean nuclear issues. He received his BA in German Language and Literature from Sogang University in Seoul and earned his MA in International Affairs and PhD in Political Science from George Washington University. He taught at the School of International Service at American University before moving to Norwich in 2012. Since then, he has taught various courses, including International Relations, Asian Politics, International Law/Organizations, and US-China Relations. He is often invited to teach intensive courses on the denuclearization of North Korea to US federal agency workers.

David S. Maxwell is a Senior Fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies.

He is the former Associate Director of the Security Studies Program at Georgetown University. He is a 30-year veteran of the US Army retiring in 2011 as a Special Forces Colonel with his final assignment serving on the military faculty teaching national security strategy at the National War College. He is a graduate of Miami University in Oxford, Ohio and holds Masters of Military Arts and Science degrees from the US Army Command and General Staff College and the School of Advanced Military Studies and a Master of Science degree in National Security Studies from the National War College of the National Defense University. He is currently pursuing his Doctorate of Liberal Studies (ABD) at Georgetown writing a dissertation titled “The Statesman, the Strategist, and the Special Forces Soldier: A Philosophy of Unconventional and Political Warfare.” He has served in various command and staff assignments in the Infantry in Germany and Korea as well as in Special Forces at Ft. Lewis, Washington, Seoul, Korea, Okinawa, Japan and the Philippines with total service in Asia of more than 20 years. He served on the United Nations Command / Combined Forces Command / United States Forces Korea CJ3 staff where he was a planner for UNC/CFC OPLAN 5027-98 and co-author of the original ROK JCS – UNC/CFC CONPLAN 5029-99 (North Korean Instability and Collapse) and later served as the Director of Plans, Policy, and Strategy (J5) and the Chief of Staff for Special Operations Command Korea (SOCKOR). From 2000 to 2002 he commanded 1st Battalion, 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne) in Okinawa, Japan. He has been the G3 and Chief of Staff of the US Army Special Operations Command. He commanded the Joint Special Operations Task Force-Philippines in 2006-2007. He is a fellow at the Institute of Corean-American Studies (ICAS) and on the Board of Advisors for Spirit of America. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea (HRNK), the International Council of Korean Studies (ICKS), the Council of US Korean Security Studies (CUSKOSS), the Special Operations Association, the Small Wars Journal, and the OSS Society. For the past five years he taught a graduate course in Unconventional Warfare and Special Operations for Policy Makers and Strategists.

Zhiqun Zhu, PhD, is Professor of Political Science and International Relations and Chair of International Relations Department at Bucknell University, USA. He was Bucknell’s inaugural Director of the China Institute (2013-2017) and MacArthur Chair in East Asian politics (2008–2014). He previously taught at University of Bridgeport, Hamilton College, University of South Carolina, and Shanghai International Studies University. In the early 1990s, he was Senior Assistant to Consul for Press and Cultural Affairs at the American Consulate General in Shanghai. Dr. Zhu’s teaching and research interests include Chinese politics and foreign policy, East Asian political economy, and US-Asian relations. He is the author or editor of a dozen books, including China’s New Diplomacy: Rationale, Strategies and Significance (Ashgate, 2013); New Dynamics in East Asian Politics: Security, Political Economy, and Society (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012); and US-China Relations in the 21st Century: Power Transition and Peace (Routledge, 2005). Professor Zhu has received several research fellowships and grants, including two POSCO fellowships at the East-West Center in Hawaii, a Korea Foundation/Freeman Foundation grant to do research in Korea, two visiting fellowships at the East Asian Institute of National University of Singapore, a visiting professorship at Doshisha University in Japan, and a research grant from the American Political Science Association. He is a member of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations and is frequently quoted by international media.

TRADITIONAL KOREAN MUSIC AND DANCE PERFORMANCE Monday, September 17, 2018, 1930-2045pm Mack Hall Auditorium at Norwich University

Boston Korean Traditional Dance Group Performers:

Sujin K. Cha Seojean Megan Kim Seanna Lee Sarah Yanagimachi Chioe Kim Eleanor Liesl Park Jessica Park

Performance content:

Fan Dance Janggo Drum Dance Three Drum Dance (Sam Go Mu)

GAPI Performers: DoYeon Kim Jacob Hiser

Performance content: Gayageum & Piano

Green Mountain Korean Traditional Percussion Sorimori Performers:

Junghwa Rew Hyunju Sullivan Jiyon Hwang Yunhwa Chung Cindy Rancourt Yeonju Kim Young Shin

Performance content: Samulnori 1 & 2 Nanta

Thank you to our Partners and Sponsors Office of Academic Research Office of Strategic Partnerships Norwich University Applied Research Institutes (NUARI) College of Liberal Arts Office of Communications South Korean Consulate in Boston Boston Korean Traditional Dance Group GAPI Green Mountain Korean Traditional Percussion Sorimori

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PEACE & WAR CENTER