Bright Magazine: Environment 2021 by NorthWesternEnergy

DECEMBER 2021 ENVIRONMENT VOL 01

SOARING OSPREY

POPULATION

Monte Dolack’s New Painting Swan Release Follow the Fish Beer Cheese Soup Recipe

A PUBLICATION OF NORTHWESTERN ENERGY BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 1

Together we are working to deliver a bright future.

BRIGHT MAGAZINE is published four times a year by NorthWestern Energy. The publication is free with postage paid by NorthWestern Corporation d/b/a NorthWestern Energy. It is printed and published by the Communications & Creative Services Department, 11 E. Park St., Butte, MT 59701. Although Bright Magazine is copyrighted, permission to reprint articles is available by writing our office. NorthWesternEnergy.com/Bright For address changes or subscription information, call or email: (888) 467-2669 bright@northwestern.com

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VOL 1 // ISSUE 3 // ENVIRONMENT Editor in Chief: Bobbi Schroeppel Managing Editor: Erin Madison Creative Director: Brandy Powers Designer: Cassie Scheidecker

Production Support: Josh Peck Joanie Powers Gary Robinson

POSTMASTER Send address changes to: Bright Magazine, NorthWestern Energy, 11 E. Park St. Butte, MT 59701 Preferred periodicals postage paid.

Photographers: Jo Dee Black Jamie Brost Alissa Byrd Angie Christiansen Ed Coyle Robert Emineth Amy Grisak Grant Grisak Erin Madison Susan Malee Outlaw Partners Brandy Powers Jeff Quam Deb Regele Marco Restani River’s Edge Trail Foundation Cassie Scheidecker Jeff Weymier

Contributing Writers: Jo Dee Black Alissa Byrd Amy Grisak Jon Hanson John Hines Whitney Jurenic Tucker Kramer Erin Madison Amie Thompson

Printed responsibly

VOL 01

DECEMBER

ENVIRONMENT

CONTENTS /

12 Soaring Osprey Population

As the osprey population rebounds, we are working to make sure the birds have safe places to nest.

BRIGHT STORIES

On the Edge of Wilderness

Return of the Swans

Works of Art

Repairing the River’s Edge Trail

Seed to Malt to Brew

Every three years, members of our environmental team visit Mystic Lake to monitor water quality and fish populations. A habitat restoration project is truly successful when it helps a species of concern to thrive. Montana artist Monte Dolack captured the restoration of our waters and habitats. When a landslide threatened to wipe out a portion of the River’s Edge Trail, we were able to help fund the needed repairs. The malting and brewing industry in Montana is not only hard working – but working efficiently!

SECTIONS

The Bright Side

On a Bright Note

Bright Spots

We Are NorthWestern Energy

Bright Stories

NorthWest Corner

Bright Flavors

Bright Idea

By The Numbers

Can You Find It? BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 3

\ THE BRIGHT SIDE This edition of Bright magazine features many of NorthWestern’s environmental stewardship projects. I am proud of the company’s efforts to balance the need to provide reliable energy at a low cost while also protecting the environment. Everything we do affects the environment; our environmental stewardship focuses on adherence or compliance and proactive mitigation efforts. Through our environmental programs, we often find ways to not only protect but also enhance rivers, streams and habitats. We are aided in this effort because of partnerships with our resource agencies. When we are able to leverage our contributions and work with partners, we can accomplish so much more. We also become partners by working together for the common good when it comes to the environment. Be sure to read about O’Dell Creek on Pages 26-29 for a good example of how NorthWestern, landowners, the resource agencies and non-governmental organizations have worked together for years to restore 16.7 miles of creek channel and 919 acres of wetlands that are now home to more than 126 species of birds and waterfowl. It is unlikely any of this would have been achieved going it alone, but together, great things have happened and will continue to happen. Reaching our carbon and methane emissions targets will also require all of us pulling together. Our customers, regulators, owners,

Best regards,

communities and employees will need to be creative as we look toward a more sustainable future. Fortunately, we have a strong foundation from which to build with our hydroelectric generating facilities. The 11 dams on the Missouri, Madison and Clark Fork rivers and West Rosebud Creek already contribute more than 40% of carbon-free generation to our Montana portfolio. We have upgraded several of our hydro facilities and plan for more upgrades so we can generate more clean electricity while still protecting the environment for fisheries, wildlife, water quality and recreation, including whitewater kayaking.

John Hines Vice President – Supply and Montana Government Affairs

\ ON A BRIGHT NOTE Dear Editor, We love hearing from our readers. We welcome all your comments, questions and letters to the editor. We’ll edit letters as needed for accuracy, style and length, and we will feature letters in future issues. Write us at: Bright Magazine NorthWestern Energy 11 E. Park St. Butte, MT 59701 Or email us at: bright@northwestern.com

Thank you for brightening my day with the Bright magazine! It is a highly professional magazine with interesting information about NorthWestern Energy and its employees along with great stories about the people, places and events in your service area. I love the “Bright Spots” section that highlights people and events around the state. NorthWestern Energy can be very proud of the job being done to create community everywhere they work. The environment and how we can protect and hand it down to future generations is very important to me. The company commitment was highlighted by intern Joseph Hagengruber as he spoke of his favorite thing about NorthWestern Energy. He reported that “NorthWestern Energy prides itself in creating a clean and sustainable energy source.” I appreciate that commitment. Thank you for this wonderful magazine that both informs and entertains. Sincerely, Diane Inbody Choteau, Montana

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BRIGHT SPOTS /

There’s so much to celebrate in our region! Here are some highlights from across our service territory (shaded in green). Mitchell: NorthWestern Energy helped sponsor a mural in participation with the Mitchell Diversion Program, which aims to provide a positive direction to young people who are cited for minor offenses rather than sending them to a juvenile detention center. Participants of the program helped paint the mural, which is located downtown on the 100 block of East Third.

Oldham:

sponsored

the

Nativity lighting in Oldham, which was followed by games, food and a visit from Santa.

North Platte: Nebraska Gov. Pete Ricketts named the City of North Platte as the recipient of 2021’s “Governor’s Showcase Community Award” for outstanding achievements in economic development and the impactful use of state and federal funds. NorthWestern Energy is proud to serve natural gas to North Platte and to support the city’s economic development efforts.

Sioux Falls: We participated in the Touch a Truck event in Sioux Falls in September, where kids had the chance to see our gas trucks up close. They also were able to explore the operations of a gas meter and learn how to cut and fuse gas pipe through demonstrations from our gas workers. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 5

\ BRIGHT SPOTS Thompson Falls: This summer, the pavilion at NorthWestern Energy’s Power Park in Thompson Falls was destroyed in a fire set by vandals. The pavilion hosted many events over the years, providing an outdoor place to celebrate and create memories. We have committed to rebuilding the pavilion and are working with the community of Thompson Falls to gather information on what kind of facility would be the best fit. We recently completed a community survey and are reviewing the results.

Missoula: We’re proud to sponsor the Montana Repertory Theatre. Our donation allows this leading arts organization to offer tickets this season with Pick What You Pay prices. The Montana Reparatory Theatre believes cost should never be a barrier to art. Art, including live theater, should be for everyone. And we strongly agree! Learn more at montanarep.com/pick-what-you-pay. Helena: We sponsored a new exhibit at ExplorationWorks featuring a giant, interactive LED light wall. Light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, are today’s most energy-efficient and rapidly developing lighting technology. LED lighting uses at least 75% less energy and lasts 25 times longer, compared to incandescent lighting.

Bozeman: In 2018, while going to graduate school, Tiffani Pimley and Amber Hughes were astonished to learn that in one of the wealthiest cities in Montana, many of Bozeman’s high school students were homeless. Tiffani and Amber connected with the homeless liaison at the Bozeman School District and the idea of the Holiday Backpack Project was born. Tiffani and Amber began reaching out and asking for donations – backpacks, hygiene items, socks, hats, gloves, and gift cards to restaurants, Walmart, Target, gas stations, indoor activities, hair salons, etc. They collected and packed around 20 backpacks full of items and gifts for the kids, along with approximately $300 in gift cards for each child. Tiffani’s boyfriend, Jr Karo, is a lineman/foreman for NorthWestern Energy so he knew to contact Community Relations Manager Heather Bellamy and our Donations Committee to ask for additional support for the Holiday Backpack Project. In past years, some juniors and seniors were also given a Chromebook. This would prove to be vital during COVID and online learning. Through the past three years, more than 50 unaccompanied/ homeless youths in the Bozeman area have benefited from this project.

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Great Falls: NorthWestern Energy Superintendent of Hydro Jerry Gray says his biggest concern when Master Sgt. Ryan Osterman, supervisor of the hydro maintenance team, was on an eight-month deployment with the Montana Air National Guard was ensuring everything was taken care of so Ryan could focus on his duties. For Ryan, Jerry’s extraordinary support of his military service went far beyond what he expected. Ryan nominated Jerry for the Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve Patriot Award, recognizing employers who provide outstanding support and cooperation for their employees who are National Guard and Reserve military personnel.

Red Lodge: In the spring and summer, Red Lodge is in full bloom with baskets of flowers hanging on light posts downtown. NorthWestern Energy helps hang and remove the baskets, which weigh 30 to 40 pounds. “We are so grateful to NorthWestern,” said Vivian Beam of Red Lodge. “In the past, we did the job with tall ladders and very strong people. I don’t worry anymore about someone getting seriously hurt, not to mention the time it saves.”

Livingston: Due to budget restraints, K-9 Handler Sgt. Andrew Emmanuel of the Livingston Police Department was using his own funds for training and equipment for his K-9 Officer Rhino. NorthWestern Energy made a donation to the Livingston Elks Charitable Fund to cover Rhino’s training and equipment to ensure Rhino and his handler will be prepared to serve the city of Livingston when the need arises, without Sgt. Emmanuel having to cover those costs. “We are so proud to support our Livingston law enforcement, and our Donations Committee enthusiastically supported this gift,” said Community Relations Manager Heather Bellamy. “Thank you for your service Officer Emmanuel and K-9 Officer Rhino!”

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 7

ENHANCED EMISSIONS CONTROLS AT NEW FACILITY In July 2020, we broke ground on an $84 million, 58-megawatt

natural gas-fired generation plant near Huron, South Dakota. This flexible-capacity resource will help meet critical energy demands 24/7 for NorthWestern Energy’s South Dakota customers. The new Bob Glanzer Generating Station is named in honor of the late South Dakota State Rep. Bob Glanzer, who was a high school teacher and coach before becoming the manager of the South Dakota State Fair in 1975. It is designed to be more efficient and to reduce emissions, compared to the old Huron Generating Station. The plant design also includes several mitigation measures to reduce noise from the plant during operation. • BGGS will have six new natural gas-fired, 9.7-megawatt Caterpillar reciprocating engine generator sets that will replace the three combustion turbine generators at the old Huron Generating Station. • The heat rate (BTUs it takes to generate 1 kilowatt-hour) of the new Caterpillar engines is about 45% lower than one of the old units, and 32% lower than the other two old units. It will take much less fuel to generate the same amount of electricity as the old plant. • The natural gas-fired, 9.7-megawatt Caterpillar engines are highly efficient with a lean-burn design where natural gas and air are premixed in a low fuel/air ratio before being supplied to the cylinders.

• The oxidation catalyst will reduce formaldehyde emissions by

The lean-burn process efficiently reduces thermal NOx (nitrogen oxides) emissions due to lower combustion temperatures.

about 90%. • Caterpillar’s contract with NorthWestern Energy includes low emis-

• Each of the six engines will have its own exhaust stack with selec-

sions guarantees for NOx, carbon monoxide, particulate matter (PM,

tive catalytic reduction (SCR) to further reduce NOx emissions and an

PM10, PM2.5), volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde and sulfur

oxidation catalyst to control carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic

dioxide.

carbon and formaldehyde emissions. The old units did not have SCRs to reduce emissions. • The SCR will reduce NOx in the engine exhaust by about 94%.

• The old plant was permitted to run on diesel fuel part of the time. The new engines will exclusively use clean-burning, pipeline-quality natural gas, which is low in sulfur content.

• The oxidation catalyst will reduce CO emissions by about 95%.

Checks and balances for our South Dakota emissions There’s a lot that goes into managing a thermal plant in a way that it meets all the regulatory requirements and stays in compliance with emissions permits.

ments,” Environmental and License Compliance Engineer Ben Sorensen said. Our permits include a variety of requirements that have to be

NorthWestern Energy is committed to following these require-

reported throughout the year, including air quality, visibility and emissions.

ments, which is why we recently conducted an internal audit of our South

Some of those reports are required annually, semi-annually, monthly or

Dakota emissions permits.

weekly. ECO System helps track those requirements and notify us when

Internally, we use a computer program called the Environmen-

reports are due.

tal Management Information System, or ECO System, to help facilitate,

The audit covered five thermal generation plants – Huron, Aber-

organize and track environmental compliance obligations, including

deen, Yankton, Faulkton and Clark. Overall, the audit found ECO System

emissions permits. The Environmental and License Compliance team

to be a good tool to electronically track permits and manage environ-

asked our Internal Audit team to conduct an audit to make sure this was

mental compliance obligations, Manager of Internal Audit Lynn Ranf said.

an effective system.

It also found some enhancement opportunities.

“We looked at all the requirements these plants are subject to and made sure all the procedures are in place to address those require8 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

“The report did a good job of breaking down what we found and identifying strategies to address the findings,” Ben said. “It was very thorough.”

MONITORING FOR RARE BEETLES IN NEBRASKA

Weighing in at about 3 grams and measuring about 4 centimeters in

length, the American burying beetle is about the size of LEGO brick. They might be small, but American burying beetles, also known as ABBs, are an important insect. They are detritivores, which means they feed on dead organic material and help recycle decaying carcasses into the ecosystem, thereby returning valuable nutrients to the soil. ABBs were once common across the eastern and central United States and had been recorded in 35 states. Now, natural populations are found in only four states: Rhode Island, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Nebraska, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. It’s unclear exactly why the population has declined so dramatically, but it’s likely due to the loss of suitable habitat and habitat segmentation. In 1989, the American burying beetle was added to the federal endangered species list. When NorthWestern Energy proposed the construction of a new pipeline that will run parallel to U.S. Highway 83 south of North Platte, Nebraska, part of the planning process was to survey for ABBs. The project lies at the western edge of where ABBs are known live, and habitat suitability for ABBs ranged from poor to fair. For five days, 16 traps were placed in suitable ABB habitat along U.S. Highway 83. While the traps caught several other species of beetles, no ABBs were captured. A similar study done in 2006 showed the same results. Because no American burying beetles were found in the area, we were able to proceed with our pipeline project knowing we wouldn’t disturb this rare and important insect.

RESPONSIBLE WASTE MANAGEMENT Preventing contaminants from entering the environment is central

testing, we work with certified facilities to dispose of it appropriately

to our waste management efforts. However, sometimes unpreventable

“We’ve developed a really good working relationship with many

spills occur. When this happens, we have procedures in place to ensure

of the local and regional disposal facilities within our service territories,”

any impacts are properly addressed and the site is remediated.

said Ben Sorensen, Environmental and License Compliance Engineer.

For example, electrical transformers, located on the ground or

We periodically audit disposal facilities we work with as part of our

on poles, typically contain mineral oil. If a pole fails during a storm or a

waste management process. Audits are completed to ensure the waste

pad-mount transformer on the ground is struck by a vehicle, oil is often

is being properly managed.

released to the environment. When this happens, responding personnel

When we are working on projects involving old buildings and

work to minimize the impacts, which involves stopping the spill and then

equipment, we perform waste surveys to ensure safe handling and

containerizing the residual oil and contaminated materials. Impacted

proper disposal. Occasionally, asbestos-containing materials (ACM), lead

materials are placed in nylon bags, barrels or roll-off dumpsters, and

paint, PCB-containing materials and other contaminants are identified

then tested to determine appropriate handling and disposal require-

that require special handling and disposal.

ments. The soils adjacent to a spill removal are also tested to ensure all impacted materials have been removed as required by state and/or

“Waste identification is a critical part of our waste management process,” Ben said.

federal regulations. Then, using the analytical data gathered from the BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 9

\ WE ARE NORTHWESTERN ENERGY

THE RAPTOR GUY By Alissa Byrd

Dr. Marco Restani began his career as a professor in Montana but soon relocated to Minnesota for a job opportunity. “When I moved to Minnesota, I wanted to maintain a connection to

herself. Eager to do anything outside, Marco frequently shoveled his neighbor’s sidewalk and driveway in the winter. While helping her, he noticed she had birdfeeders all over her backyard. Eventually,

Montana, so I bought a home in Red Lodge,” Marco said. “I always had

she began introducing Marco to different types of birds while

university vacations and summers to come back to visit.”

teaching him the basic principles of birdwatching. Shortly

Although he lived in Minnesota for nearly 14 years, Marco always wanted to get back to the place he loved. Throughout his career, he

after, he discovered the Seacoast Chapter of New Hampshire Audubon.

developed several connec-

“I remember being

tions, including with Sam

in high school before I

Milodragovich, NorthWest-

had a driver’s license

ern Energy’s now-retired

and having my par-

wildlife biologist.

ents drop me off

Sam and Marco met

at Burger King at

25 years ago while Marco

4:30 a.m. to go bird

conducted

eagle

watching with the

research. At the time, Sam

Seacoast Chapter,”

was working for the Mon-

Marco said. “The

tana

members

bald

Power

Company,

were

which funded a portion of

mostly

Marco’s

and then there was

Ph.D.

research.

retirees,

Sam and Marco stayed

me, this young

in touch throughout the

high school kid.

years. Marco would jok-

But I loved every

ingly ask Sam when he was

bit of it.”

planning to retire because

In 2012,

Sam had his dream job.

the

Once Sam announced his

retirement,

Yel-

lowstone

Marco

Valley

Audu-

applied and interviewed to

bon

Chapter

be NorthWestern Energy’s

in Billings asked

wildlife biologist. In August

Marco to collaborate

2019, Marco accepted the

on their Osprey Project as

position. “So, in a way, I have

Marco works with NorthWestern Energy Lineman Shane Dunn to untangle an osprey from baling twine.

the volunteer research director. The Yellowstone Chapter eagerly

come full circle,” Marco said. “Montana Power Company paid for a por-

wanted to work with energy companies because ospreys were increas-

tion of my Ph.D., and now, here I am working for NorthWestern Energy.”

ingly building nests on power poles. This behavior posed electrocution

Marco’s passion for wildlife, specifically his niche for birds, began years ago while growing up in New Hampshire.

hazards to the birds and outage possibilities for the companies. Ospreys are also notoriously known for using baling twine in their nests, resulting

As a child, Marco always found himself spending time outdoors. In

in entanglement and leading to serious injury and death. By working with

junior high, his next-door neighbor was an older woman who lived by

energy companies, the chapter also wanted to reduce the dangers of

10 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

baling twine by removing it from nests.

they raised.

“It was remarkable to see a non-

To help the chapter with osprey monitoring techniques, Marco holds

profit organization reaching out to utility

an annual training orientation. He spends time training members to rec-

companies to help with this osprey con-

ognize certain bird behaviors, including the age of nestlings. Once the

servation problem,” Marco said. “Having

nestlings are old enough, Marco places a band on their leg. To access

an organization composed of bird

the nests, he needs bucket trucks. NorthWestern Energy and the Osprey

watchers collaborate with an industry

Project each play a significant role in the conservation of the birds.

is rare. Both the Yellowstone Chap-

“All of the utility companies involved have remained great partners

ter and utility companies have truly

in providing resources for the project, but now working for NorthWestern

embraced working together for this

Energy makes banding the birds even easier,” Marco said. “I am grateful

conservation effort.”

for the help provided by linemen, supervisors and managers.”

The Yellowstone Chapter keeps

Initially, Marco’s involvement with the Osprey Project was strictly as

track of approximately 100 osprey

a volunteer, but now as a wildlife biologist, it’s a portion of his summer

nest sites. Members are assigned

workday, too. NorthWestern Energy also receives requests to rescue and

nests to monitor yearly from April to

untangle ospreys from baling twine.

August. They provide information

Marco is state and federally licensed to handle and band the birds.

on whether ospreys returned to

Federal bands are silver in color with nine small numbers engraved. In

the nest, if they laid eggs and

addition to the silver bands, Marco uses green bands with an engraved

how many young

number and letter, which make it easier to identify the birds from a distance. One of Marco’s green-banded ospreys found itself on a Facebook post earlier this fall when someone snapped a picture that eventually led the woman to connect with Marco on the bird’s whereabouts. “I really enjoy how collaborative my work is,” he said. “I meet so many new people because of my green bands.” Another of Marco’s green-banded ospreys has gone to the same tree in Texas each winter for five years. A woman from Texas updates Marco every year when the osprey returns. “I know where he was raised, where he winters, and where he breeds,” Marco said. “This woman was so intrigued that she and her husband drove up to Montana from Texas one summer to help band nestlings.” As a wildlife biologist, he studies behavior, ecology, management and conservation. Marco’s position is primarily focused on raptors. NorthWestern experiences problems with raptors interacting with power lines. He’s been able to lend his expertise and background to help solve these problems while continuing to help the Osprey Project, too. “The position was my dream job, really,” Marco said. “I can do all of the things I love in one place.”

Previously a wildlife professor for nearly 20 years, Dr. Marco Restani serves NorthWestern Energy as a wildlife biologist and is an avid volunteer with the Yellowstone Valley Audubon Society. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 11

\ BRIGHT STORIES

SOARING

OSPREY

POPULATION

12 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

As the osprey population has rebounded, we are working to make sure the birds have safe places to nest. The recovery of the osprey population, a raptor that returns to Montana from the south each spring, is a success story that began almost 50 years ago when a widely used pesticide, DDT, was banned. But this wildlife management success story comes with some conflict. Younger osprey in search of nesting sites to breed and hatch eggs will build nests on power poles, causing outages and putting the birds at risk of electrocution. NorthWestern Energy crews were in Augusta, Montana, in early June to install raptor nest deterrents on power poles, along with a nesting platform to encourage osprey to choose a safe nesting site. “We don’t know if historically osprey had been in the Augusta area or not, if the species is colonizing a new area in Montana or recolonizing,” said NorthWestern Energy Biologist Marco Restani. The new, or perhaps returning, Augusta-area

 NorthWestern Energy installs osprey platforms to give the birds a safe place to build their nests.

winged residents built a nest on a power pole this spring just outside the substation serving the community. The nest caused a fire on the pole, and falling nest debris damaged equipment and caused a power outage. Ospreys build nests by dropping sticks to their chosen site while in flight. “Traditionally, they look for dead trees, snags, with the tops broken

“The public has been extremely helpful with this effort,” Marco said. Another threat to ospreys, ravens and other avian species also requires action by the public. Unsecured baling twine picked up by birds and used in their nests has devastating, deadly consequences. The birds can get tangled in the twine and cannot escape.

off for a nesting place,” Marco said. “Power poles, especially those with

This spring the male of a pair of ospreys that nested on a platform

cross arms, are often the choice of younger osprey looking to establish

near Whitehall, Montana, died after its talons were caught in a coil of

a new nesting site. It is dangerous for the birds and it is damaging to

baling twine the birds had picked up and used in their nest.

NorthWestern Energy’s system.” Deterrents are PVC pipes that are secured above power pole cross arms. When ospreys drop sticks in flight on a power pole, the PVC pipe

“It’s really distressing to have this result,” Marco said. “The crew called to remove the dead male said the female had abandoned the nest, which did have a couple of eggs in it.”

prevents them from hitting their target and the sticks fall to the ground.

Baling twine should be secured in a covered container and dis-

Five are now installed in the Augusta area, along with a raptor nesting

posed of properly to prevent osprey or other birds from picking it up to

platform to encourage the birds to nest in the safe location.

use in nests.

NorthWestern Energy relies on customer reports of ospreys or

The Yellowstone Valley Audubon Society has a Twine Collection &

other raptors beginning to build nests on power poles and other equip-

Recycling Site in the Laurel, Montana, area. For more information on the

ment to proactively remove the sticks before nests are complete and

project, go to yvaudubon.org/baling-twine-recycling.

eggs are laid. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 13

STEP 1: ELECTROFISHING On an evening in April, Grant joined two FWP biologists to capture fish at Gates of the Mountains on Holter Reservoir. The fish capture is done through electrofishing. An electrical current is sent into the water, which temporarily stuns the fish, causing them to float to the surface. The fish are scooped up with a net and kept in holding nets in the lake. The biologists captured 300 fish over three nights, which is generally enough to meet the requirements for stocking Canyon Ferry, Holter and Hauser.

L O L W O F THE

FISH By Erin Madison Hauser and Holter reservoirs are two of the most popular fishing destinations in Montana. Combined, the two reservoirs see about 120,000 angler visits each year. NorthWestern Energy is committed to keeping those fisheries healthy. “These reservoirs provide an incredible amount of recreation and revenue to the state economy,” said NorthWestern Energy Biologist Grant Grisak. Protecting fish populations and enhancing fish habitat are some of the requirements included in the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission license that directs the operations of the dams on the Missouri River. We partner with Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks to harvest eggs from wild rainbow trout at Holter Lake, raise the eggs into trout and stock them in Holter and Hauser reservoirs.

14 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

STEP 2: TROUT EGG TAKE Once the fish are captured, a group of FWP biologists gather on the shore at Gates of the Mountains to harvest eggs from the fish. “A typical rainbow trout has about 3,200 eggs,” Grant said. The group collected about 400,000 rainbow trout eggs, which were mixed with sperm collected from male fish. In addition to harvesting eggs and sperm, the weight and length of each fish is recorded and samples are collected to monitor fish health.

STEP 3: THE HATCHERY The fertilized eggs are transferred to the Big Spring Trout Hatchery in Lewistown, Montana. At the hatchery, the eggs are placed into an incubator where they’re monitored every few days. After 50 to 60 days, the eggs hatch and the fry swim out of the incubator and into a large trough. After another 14 days, the fish develop mouth parts and begin eating feed. “From that point on, they monitor their growth and health until they’re ready for planting,” Grant said. As the fish grow, they are moved into larger troughs. Depending on how much they feed the fish, biologists can be fairly precise about how big they will be at a certain point in time.

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 15

STEP 5: STOCKING In mid-September, FWP employees from the hatchery in Lewistown start hauling fish and releasing them in Holter, Hauser and Canyon Ferry. The fish are about 4 months old and 8 inches in size, big enough that they have a good likelihood of surviving in the wild. “The smaller the fish is, the more vulnerable they are to predation by other fish,” Grant said. They stock both Arlee and Eagle Creek trout. These two strains of rainbows are stocked in Helena-area reservoirs because they grow to a large size quickly, they survive well in these reservoirs and are easily caught by anglers. The fish are transported from the hatchery in large, specially designed trucks that can hold about 9,000 to 11,000 8-inch fish. Oxygen is constantly flowing through the water tanks on the trucks to keep the fish healthy in transit. Once they reach the reservoirs, the fish are transferred into the lake via a long tube that attaches to the trucks’ tanks. In all, the hatchery stocked about 400,000 rainbow trout in Holter, Hauser and Canyon Ferry reservoirs. Another 300,000 fish from other hatcheries around the state are released in the reservoirs.

STEP 4: FISH MARKING By June, the fish are about 4 inches long, and at this point, they’re marked to identify their strain. The Lewistown hatchery primarily raises two strains of rainbow trout – Arlee trout from the hatchery in Arlee, Montana, and Eagle Lake trout, a strain that originated in California. The Arlee trout are marked by removing the fish’s adipose fin. “It’s a non-essential fin on their back,” Grant explained. “It’s a non-lethal mark that’s noticeable to a biologist.” When trout eggs are harvested from Holter, biologists only capture non-Arlee trout. So if they see a fish missing its adipose fin, they throw it back. That means the eggs harvested at Holter are most likely from Eagle Lake trout. To mark the Arlee trout, fish are corralled in an outdoor raceway and then placed into small tubs, where a little anesthetic is added so the fish are easier to handle. Fish marking is a major undertaking. In all, about 230,000 fish have to be handled, and it takes upward of 30 people working most of a week to tackle the task. 16 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

NorthWestern Energy’s involvement

The partnership of funding, equipment and

staff allows both NorthWestern and Montana FWP to maintain valuable public recreation opportunities like rainbow trout angling at Hauser and Holter reservoirs. NorthWestern Energy funds a portion the salaries for FWP staff who work throughout the fish stocking process and some operational costs. We also provide our boat, equipment and personnel to help. We provide funding for monitoring of the fisheries at Holter and Hauser, which is done through gill netting and creel surveys. Gill netting allows biologists to monitor the fish population and provides data on fish size and species prevalence. Creel surveys are done by asking fishermen about how many fish they caught, what kind and how many hours they spent fishing. All of this is done to maintain the healthy fisheries enjoyed by thousands of anglers every year.

THE RESULT: A THRIVING FISHERY On odd years, Grant and his colleagues electrofish below Hauser Dam to monitor fish populations. They always find some large rainbows with missing adipose fins. “Those are all fish that came through the Lewistown hatchery,” Grant said. “There are massive fish down there.”

Photo by Ed Coyle @edcoylephoto BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 17

Partnering to Protect Eagles By Alissa Byrd

The Eagle Protection and Offset Program, or EPOP, is a remarkable program designed to provide long-term protection to both bald and golden eagles, while streamlining the process for wind project owners needing to fulfill permit requirements. By nature, eagles, and most raptors, are drawn to areas of wind updraft – these conditions allow the birds to hunt while using the minimal amount of energy required for flight. Windy areas are also prime locations for wind farms. And when wind farms are built in areas where they may pose a collision and mortality risk to eagles, developers are strongly encouraged to work with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to obtain an Eagle Incidental Take Permit.

credits needed. “It’s the same principle as a carbon offset program,” said Dr. Marco Restani, NorthWestern Energy wildlife biologist. “If an industry is substantially polluting somewhere, they can buy carbon offset credits somewhere else, except in this case, it’s with eagles.” NorthWestern Energy, along with USFWS, and Burns and McDonnell, an architectural and engineering company, recently developed

Bald and golden eagles are protected by the Bald and Golden Eagle

the Eagle Protection and Offset Program, or EPOP, which allows wind

Protection Act, which prohibits the “take” of bald and golden eagles,

developers and others to obtain EITPs by purchasing EPOP credits. The

unless permitted by USFWS. “Take” can include pursuing, shooting,

credits fund power pole retrofit projects to upgrade power lines to meet

poisoning, wounding, killing, capturing, trapping, collecting, destroying,

Avian Power Line Interaction Committee, or APLIC, recommendations.

molesting or disturbing protected eagles, their eggs or their nests.

Older power lines can pose an electrocution risk to eagles. The

That means if a wind farm causes eagle mortalities, the developer

birds are large enough that both of their wing tips could touch two differ-

should obtain an Eagle Incidental Take Permit. EITPs serve as a way

ent conductors, causing them to be electrocuted. Newer power lines are

to offset eagle take through compensatory mitigation measures while

built to Avian Power Line Interaction Committee guidelines, which were

staying compliant with the federal protection of eagles. The USFWS eval-

established in 2006 to prevent bird electrocutions.

uates the complexity of the project to determine the number of offset 18 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

“From our perspective as a utility company, it’s a conservation win

for eagles and a system reliability win for us because there will be fewer outages,” Marco said. NorthWestern

Energy’s

Avian Protection Plan calls for new lines to meet APLIC guidelines. We also retrofit poles when there is an issue. However, with 28,000 miles of electrical lines on our system, more than enough to go around the circumference of the Earth, it’s impossible for us to retrofit all power poles. EPOP will help us to retrofit more poles. Through EPOP, when a company purchases EITPs, those funds will be used to proactively retrofit poles in areas known to be high-quality habitat for eagles. “We do have a large population of eagles in Montana, so it makes sense to implement a program like this,” Marco said. “At the same time, there is a fair amount of wind development happening,

 To meet Avian Power Line Interaction Committee guidelines, which were established in 2006 to prevent bird electrocutions, power lines must meet the 60/40 rule – 60 inches of distance horizontally between conductors and 40 inches vertically. The photo above shows an older pole before it was upgraded, and the photo on the right is a pole that has been rebuilt to meet APLIC guidelines.

and those companies will probably be searching for help with mitigation. Thankfully due to EPOP, we can lend our help to those wind developers.” Much of our service territory is made up of large expanses of treeless landscapes that are home to eagle prey, such as prairie dogs and other rodents. When we build power lines across those landscapes, they become prime hunting perches for eagles. EPOP will allow us to retrofit long stretches of power lines in known eagle habitats. “Instead of our pole-by-pole retrofit approach, we’re going to be able to retrofit entire circuits,” Marco said. “NorthWestern Energy views this landscape approach as being a really important component to our Avian Protection Plan.” The idea for EPOP was developed by Jim Burruss, a retired biologist at Burns and McDonnell. Jim and Sam Milodragovich, NorthWestern Energy’s now-retired wildlife biologist, collaborated to develop what is now a nationwide program. “EPOP is their brilliant idea. It’s pure genius,” Marco said. To satisfy offset eagle take requirements with the only compensatory mitigation measure USFWS recognizes, permittees must replace high-risk power poles with power pole retrofits within the same Eagle

Management Units where eagle take may occur. There are three EMUs in the United States: East, Central and West. In Montana, NorthWestern Energy uniquely falls into both the Central and West EMUs. Those two EMUs cover nearly half of the United States. “We are hoping to start new construction in the next couple of years,” Marco said. “It requires several different departments to make the program a success. We need to bring in construction workers, engineers and biologists.” EPOP produces sustainable long-term results by creating an efficient nationwide approach to mitigate eagle take. “As the first infrastructure sponsor, we realize the EPOP is an important piece of the conservation puzzle,” said Mary Gail Sullivan, director of environmental and lands permitting and compliance at NorthWestern Energy. “We’re honored to be included in an initiative that serves as a bridge between project owners, utilities and the USFWS.”

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 19

On the Edge of

WILDER

20 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

RNESS By Erin Madison

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 21

 NorthWestern Energy Biologist Grant Grisak checks a gillnet at Mystic Lake.

water flowing into Mystic Lake is some of the freshest and cleanest you’ll find anywhere. It’s the goal of NorthWestern’s Hydro License Compliance team to make sure Mystic remains pristine. “We monitor on the deepest part of the lake,” Jordan said. “It’s about 160 feet deep.” Water samples are taken from various depths in the lake. Mystic Lake is incredibly clear. Water clarity goes down about 15 meters, or almost 50 feet. In comparison, water clarity on the Missouri River near Great Falls is

Reaching Mystic Lake isn’t easy. A bumpy

usually 1.5 to 3 feet.

gravel road will get you close, but from the end of

“That’s pretty amaz-

the road, it’s another three miles and 1,300 feet of

ing,” Jordan said. “The

elevation gain to the lake.

wilderness obviously has

Despite its remote location, NorthWestern

something to do with it.”

Energy crews make the trek to the lake sometimes

Mystic Dam was built

daily, or even multiple times a day during runoff

in 1924, 40 years before

Mystic Lake is home to Mystic Dam, a 12-mega-

the Wilderness Act was

watt hydroelectric facility owned by NorthWestern

passed, which gave Con-

Energy and flanked by the rugged snowcapped

gress the ability to create

peaks of the Beartooth Mountains, southwest of

federally designated wil-

Billings, Montana.

derness areas. In 1978,

Every three years, members of our environ-

the

mental team visit Mystic Lake to monitor water quality and fish populations.

spanning

Jordan Tollefson, NorthWestern Energy

surrounding Mystic Lake.

from the lake. He looks at microscopic plant and

The wilderness bound-

animal life, metals, nutrients, pH, turbidity and

ary was drawn to exclude

more. Typically there aren’t any surprises in the

Mystic Lake and Mystic

measurements.

Dam, but just barely. The

“We don’t see much of a change at all,” Jor-

high-water line of the lake

dan said.

is also the edge of the wil-

And that’s a good thing. It means the lake is

there aren’t many impacts” he said.

derness area.  Hydro License Compliance Intern Joseph Hagengruber processes water samples at Mystic Dam.

That is due in large part to Mystic Lake being surrounded by the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness Area. One of the goals of federally designated wilderness areas is to protect watersheds, which means the

22 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

than

the mountains and forests

quality by taking chemical and biological samples

“The water quality doesn’t change because

937,032 acres, including

Hydro Compliance Professional, tests the water

staying consistently healthy.

Absaroka-Beartooth

Wilderness was created,

The Wilderness Act of 1964 was enacted with the

goal

restricting

human manipulation on some of the most untouched swaths of public land. Logging and drilling are prohibited in most wilderness areas, as are commercial enterprises, man-made structures, and motorized and

mechanized travel. Even chainsaws, wheelbarrows and drones aren’t allowed in wilderness areas. While the Mystic project is surrounded by a wilderness area, all the work done by NorthWestern

 Jordan Tollefson, NorthWestern Energy Hydro Compliance Professional, collects a water sample from Mystic Lake.

Energy is outside the wilderness boundary. That means we can run the tram, use mechanized tools to work on the dam and perform other work without violating the wilderness protections. Our Hydro License team can even use a motor boat, which was flown in by helicopter, to reach sampling sites on the lake. As Jordan takes samples from deeper and deeper in the lake, there’s a dramatic shift in temperature. Mystic Lake is basically divided in half, or stratified. The top half of the lake is warmer and home to fish, zooplankton and phytoplankton. The lower half is cold and dark with little life in it. “The whole lake shifts in temperature,” Jordan said. “All the warm water just sits above the cold water.” While the surface of the lake was about 63 degrees last August, it was about 40 degrees near the bottom of the lake. “It’s super cold water.” Jordan said. “There’s not a lot there.” However, the warmer, top portion of the lake is home to numerous life forms, including a healthy population of rainbow trout and some cutthroat trout. NorthWestern Biologist Jon Hanson is in charge of monitoring the fish population in Mystic Lake. Every three years, he sets several nets in specific locations throughout the lake. After leaving the nets overnight, the captured fish are counted, measured and weighed. “We’re looking to see if there are any changes to the fishery over time,” Jon said.

Like Mystic’s water quality, the fish population is fairly stable and consistent. Fishing at Mystic Lake is a popular activity, and rightfully so. The lake boasts an abundant population of rainbow trout in the 9-to-14-inch range, and fishing can be fantastic during the summer months. Getting to work at Mystic Lake is a pretty special opportunity, but it comes with challenges, too. With an elevation of 7,600 feet, it snows 12 months a year at the lake. “It can get pretty hairy up here really quickly,” Jon said. The Hydro License Compliance group always does their Mystic Lake work in early August, but that doesn’t guarantee summer-like weather. They’ve endured everything from snow to windstorms to sunshine. Getting to Mystic to do their work is no easy task. From the powerhouse, which sits 1,300 feet below the lake, the group loads all their equipment onto a tram. The open-air tram climbs a set of tracks that seem to go straight up a hillside. At the top, they transfer everything to a small train that runs horizontally along the face of the mountain. A portion of those tracks was washed out decades ago, so a sky crane is used to move gear from one side of the washout to the other. A suspension

Technical Advisory Committees The water quality and fisheries data gathered by the Hydro Compliance Team is compiled into a report and presented to the Mystic Fisheries Technical Advisory Committee. We have several Technical Advisory Committees, or TACs,

bridge allows the passengers to cross the deep gully. A final train takes the group to the dam. The whole trip takes about two hours. Three days later, when their work is done, they take the same trip in reverse. The environmental team only visits Mystic Lake once every three years. However, our Mystic Lake operations crew might make that trek a couple times a day. Sometimes they’ll go weeks without traveling up to the dam, just depending on work that needs to be done.

that help guide the work we do around our hydro facilities. The FERC licenses that allow us to operate our dams include requirements for the protection, mitigation and enhancement of fisheries, wildlife and habitat resources.

Scan this QR code with your phone’s camera to watch a video about Mystic Dam.

TAC members review progress, discuss and approve projects, and ensure approved projects comply with FERC license requirements.

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 23

Return of the swans By Erin Madison Swans will teach you patience. That’s the mantra of Bill Long, Founder of the Wyoming Wetlands

biologist with Montana FWP. NorthWestern Energy has been funding swan releases in the Madison Valley since 2015, said Grant Grisak, biologist with NorthWestern.

Society. Bill has been working for nearly four decades to restore the

Trumpeters were overhunted for their feathers, which were used to

population of trumpeter swans in the Rocky Mountain region. While trum-

adorn hats and to make writing quills. By the late 1800s, the population of

peter swan numbers are improving, it hasn’t happened over night.

trumpeter swans in North America was decimated. Habitat conservation

“They live to be about 25 years of age,” Bill said. “A lot of times they don’t breed until they’re 5.”

efforts and swan reintroductions have helped restore trumpeter swan populations, but the birds remain a species of special concern.

Bill, along with Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, with funding from

NorthWestern Energy and our partners have done extensive habitat

NorthWestern Energy, recently released five young swans, or cygnets, in

and wetlands restoration in the Madison Valley. The true measure of suc-

the Madison Valley, near Ennis, Montana.

cess of those projects is for species of special concern to thrive in areas

“This is a long-term investment,” Bill said.

that have been restored, Grant said. That’s why NorthWestern Energy

The hope is those swans will find mates and begin breeding in the

funds swan releases.

Madison Valley. “We really want to get breeding pairs,” said Claire Gower, wildlife 24 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

Releasing swans in the Madison Valley is just one piece of a larger swan management plan, the goal of which is to link swan populations

“

A habitat restoration project is truly successful when it helps a species of concern to thrive.

 NorthWestern Energy Biologist Grant Grisak, left, along with representatives from the Wyoming Wetlands Society and Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, carry cygnets to a release site near Ennis. from the Tetons, Yellowstone, Madison Valley, Blackfoot River, Flathead and into Canada. “The more birds we have, the more mixing we’re going to have,” Claire said. Already, GPS collars show birds from the Flathead and Blackfoot have overwintered in the Ruby Valley. A Madison swan spent one winter in Rexburg, Idaho, and now moves between the Madison and Ruby valleys. FWP is already seeing successful breeding in the Madison Valley. However, it’s unknown exactly how many breeding pairs are in the valley. The goal is to have five. Swan releases are done in the fall, when the birds, which are raised by the Wyoming Wetlands Society, are 2 to 3 months old. Ideally, cygnets have spent enough time with their parents to learn to survive in the wild and are ready to begin flying. Trumpeter swans imprint on the place they learn to fly, meaning wherever they learn to fly is where they consider to be home and where they’ll always return to. “These birds have not flown except for here,” Bill said after releasing the cygnets at Ennis Lake. The night before the swan release, Bill tracked the GPS collars of two yearling swans that were nearby the release site. Ideally, the yearlings will help the cygnets adapt to life in the wild and possibly even form breeding pairs. “This is perfect,” Bill said after releasing the five cygnets. “They’re on a big lake. They’ll find the other birds.”

Scan this QR code with your phone’s camera to see the swans being released.

Trumpeter swans imprint on the place they learn to fly, meaning wherever they learn to fly is where they consider to be home. These cygnets had never flown before. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 25

Art

WORKS OF

26 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

“

My job was to come here and look at it and learn about it and somehow reveal the magic of this place.

 NorthWestern Energy CEO Bob Rowe, left, and Monte Dolack unveil Dolack’s painting titled “Restoring Our Waters.”

Montana artist Monte Dolack captured the restoration of our waters and habitats By Erin Madison

partnered with the Laszlo family and Granger

On a bluff outside Ennis, Montana, over-

Ranch to rehabilitate O’Dell Creek. Since then,

looking O’Dell Creek, surrounded by the

NorthWestern Energy has invested $2.9 million

snowcapped peaks of the Madison and Grav-

in the project, and together we have restored

elly ranges, it’s easy to see why rancher and

16.7 miles of O’Dell Creek and enhanced 919

landowner Jeff Laszlo describes this place as

acres of surrounding wetlands.

magical.

“This area wasn’t what it is today,” said

Jeff’s family has worked on this land since 1936.

Mary Gail Sullivan, NorthWestern Energy’s Director of Environmental & Lands Permitting

“This ranch has always had a special place in our hearts, and this valley as well,” he said.

& Compliance. “It had deficiencies from an environmental standpoint.” O’Dell Creek is truly a success story,

In the early days of ranching, little was understood

about

wetland

habitat,

and to celebrate that success, NorthWestern

and

Energy commissioned Montana artist Monte

decades of mismanagement took a toll on

Dolack to capture the story of O’Dell in his

O’Dell Creek. The creek had been straight-

iconic painting style.

ened, and the surrounding wetlands drained.

“My job was to come here and look at

Now, from the bluff, you can see the creek

it and learn about it and somehow reveal the

gently meander through the valley, restored to

magic of this place,” Monte said.

its naturally winding original streambed. Starting in 2005, NorthWestern Energy

While Monte has lived most of his life in Montana and captured much of the state BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 27

through his paintings, he had not spent much time in the Madison Valley. Monte and NorthWestern Energy CEO Bob Rowe became friends several years ago, and Monte was intrigued when Bob told him about the O’Dell

“It’s an emotional and spiritual experience to be in a place that’s unspoiled and protected,” Jeff said. As the owner and operator of numerous hydro facilities in Montana,

Creek restoration.

NorthWestern Energy is

“Bob’s passion about

obligated to protect, miti-

this project was conta-

gate and enhance habitat

gious,” Monte said.

impacted by our hydro

So he scheduled a

projects.

trip to Ennis to see it for

“This project fit that

himself.

perfectly,” Mary Gail said.

“I drove out on an

O’Dell Creek is a

October day, and it was

tributary to the Madison

beautiful,” he said.

River, which flows into

The next morning,

the Missouri River, and is

smoke from wildfires in

important habitat for fish,

California moved in and

birds and other animals.

obscured everything, so

In the past 16 years,

he spent the day learning

NorthWestern Energy has

about the restoration proj-

funded 63 unique proj-

ect. The following morning,

ects along O’Dell Creek,

some of the smoke had

including 20 monitoring

cleared, leaving behind

projects and 35 habitat

just enough to give the

restoration projects. We’ve

skies a tinge of pink.

also partnered to reintro-

“It was truly magical,”

duce trumpeter swans to

Monte said.

the area.

He spent the day tak-

One of the best indi-

ing photos and sketching,

cations of the project’s

and then returned to his

success is the abundance

studio and spent the next

of birds that now flock to

two months creating his

O’Dell Creek, Mary Gail

painting titled, “Restoring

said. In 2005, 11 species

Our Waters.”

of birds were found in

In the painting, you

the area. Today, there are

can see O’Dell Creek winding through the valley. The iconic Sphinx Moun-

about 130.  Monte Dolack explores O’Dell Creek before making his painting.

tain is in the background,

Water, which is central to this project, is critical to a ranch, Jeff said, but it

along with other peaks in the Madison Range. Swans and sandhill cranes

also impacts all his neighbors, the community and the entire state. His

fly overhead, while antelope graze near the creek. The valley is captured

neighbors rely on water for irrigation, the community of Ennis relies on

in fall with the reds or oranges of autumn, and the sky is pink with just

the recreation industry based around the river and NorthWestern Energy

enough smoke in the air to give the entire painting a magical glow.

relies on water to produce clean energy for our Montana customers.

While the painting is realistic, it’s not photographic, Monte explained. It’s more like taking hundreds of photographs and combining them into a single image. Monte’s painting was unveiled in May 2021, on a bluff overlooking O’Dell Creek. Jeff was in awe of how perfectly Monte captured the creek’s new life.

28 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

“I don’t know if you can find another scenario where all those interests are served by one project,” Jeff said. While the O’Dell Creek project has far-reaching benefits, it’s also had a positive impact on Jeff and the Granger Ranch. “We’re a working ranch,” he said. “We’re learning a lot about how to find the synergy between conservation, protection and ranching.”

 NorthWestern Energy Biologist Jon Hanson teaches Good Thymes campers about fish tracking.

Good Thymes campers learn about conservation at O’Dell Creek In July, about 20 young campers wandered along the banks of O’Dell Creek, looking for birds, fish, plants and aquatic insects. The young students were part of the Good Thymes Camp organized by Farm to Fork, an Ennis-based nonprofit whose mission is to develop and nurture a sustainable local food system. NorthWestern Energy is donating all proceeds from the sale of Monte Dolack’s painting “Restoring Our Waters” to Farm to Fork to help the organization expand its conservation programming. Thanks to that funding, Farm to Fork’s summer camps added a focus on habitat and environment. That included spending a day with NorthWestern Energy biologists. Campers got a close-up look at the macroinvertebrates found in O’Dell Creek and learned to identify these small creatures. They learned how biologists track fish movements and gained an understanding of habitat restoration.

How to purchase a print Prints of Monte Dolack’s “Restoring Our Waters” are 30 inches by 25 inches. • $25 for an unsigned print. • $75 for a signed and numbered print. To order a print, please mail a check, money order or cashier’s check to: NorthWestern Energy Attn: Creative Services 11 E. Park St. Butte, MT 59701 All proceeds go to youth conservation programs at Madison Farm to Fork. Learn more at madisonfarmtofork.org. Scan this QR code with your phone’s camera to learn more about prints of Monte Dolack’s “Restoring Our Waters,” or visit NorthWesternEnergy.com/odell. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 29

Beaver Creek’s restoration will benefit aquatic habitat, the floodplain, birds and other wildlife.

The Beaver Creek restoration project aims to improve Missouri River spawning habitat By Erin Madison Beaver Creek, a tributary to the Missouri River downstream from Hauser Dam, has a long history of serving as spawning habitat for the trout that give the stretch of the Missouri below Hauser Dam the nickname “Land of Giants.” However, over time, Beaver Creek’s health has slowly degraded.

“It’s a fairly costly project,” Grant said. “This is pretty extensive in terms of restoration work.” The project was almost 40 years in the making, but it was worth the wait. “Anything that would have been done in the ’80s wouldn’t have been done like this,” Grant said.

The creek has been heavily manipulated over the years by land

Stream restoration has come a long way in the last several decades.

use — ranching, roads, irrigation, etc. It was straightened, which caused

The focus of stream restoration today is to return the stream to its historic

it to erode into a 20-foot-deep channel. A deep, straight stream channel

and natural channel, while focusing on benefits far beyond the stream

is not a healthy situation for a creek.

channel.

However, a visitor to Beaver Creek today would never know the

The design for Beaver Creek was all done digitally, and GPS units

creek was just recently in such bad shape. Beaver Creek now meanders

on the excavators, backhoes and other equipment allowed crews to pre-

across the floodplain, making large S curves with deep pools and fast

cisely build stream banks to the right elevation.

riffles. The first phase of the Beaver Creek restoration project, funded in part by NorthWestern Energy, wrapped up in late 2020. Part of NorthWestern Energy’s hydro licensing requirements are to improve tributaries in the Missouri-Madison watershed. Beaver Creek was an obvious candidate for restoration. “There are so few tributaries in this area,” said Grant Grisak, NorthWestern Energy biologist. Planning for the project dates back to 1983. It took until 2020 to gain the necessary funding and buy-in. 30 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

Beaver Creek’s restoration will benefit aquatic habitat, the floodplain, birds and other wildlife. “We’re taking a holistic approach,” said John Muhlfeld, hydrologist from River Design Group, who designed and oversaw construction. Beaver Creek provides spawning habitat for brown and rainbow trout and kokanee. Over the years, the Forest Service has conducted spawning surveys in Beaver Creek and has good data on fish numbers. “There’s no doubt there will be benefits, but we’ll be able to quantify it,” Grant said.

Protecting and preserving fisheries The FERC license that allows us to operate nine dams on the Missouri and Madison rivers in Montana includes many requirements for the protection, mitigation and enhancement of fisheries, wildlife and habitat resources along the river corridor. In order to monitor and offset effects from our hydroelectric projects,

“

we administer Protection, Mitigation and Enhancement Programs (PM&E) in cooperation with state and federal resource agencies. In 2019, NorthWestern Energy provided $1.06 million to support 33 fisheries, wildlife and habitat improvement projects along the 550-mile Madison-Missouri River corridor from Yellowstone National Park to Fort Peck Reservoir. This funding leveraged another $900,000 in matching funds totaling $1.9 million going toward resource stewardship projects.

To date, nearly $60 million has been spent toward fisheries and wildlife projects.

“

To date, nearly $60 million has been spent toward fisheries and wildlife projects under the Missouri-Madison PM&E Program.

Recent fisheries projects throughout Montana Hardy Creek – In 1963, as part of the construction of Interstate 15 between Great Falls, Montana, and Helena, Montana, a gravel pit ended up cutting off Hardy Creek from the Missouri River, creating a fish trap. NorthWestern Energy helped fund a proj-

Libby

ect to reroute Hardy Creek and remove an

Cut Bank

Whitefish Kalispell

Conrad

undersized culvert and install steps and pools to help fish access additional spawning habitat. Sevenmile Creek - Sevenmile Creek runs from near the Continental Divide through the Helena Valley into Tenmile Creek. Several years ago, Prickly Pear

Fishtrap Creek

Choteau

Thompson Falls

Great Falls

Hardy Creek

Land Trust acquired a 350-acre parcel of land surrounding the creek and started a restoration project. NorthWestern

Missoula

Beaver Creek

Energy has provided funding for the project for the last five years. The goal of the restoration is to move Sevenmile Creek back up

Helena

on the floodplain and into its historical stream channel, creating better habitat for fish and other animals. Fishtrap Creek – Fishtrap Creek has experienced historic human impacts – numerous roads run through the drainage, there has been logging in riparian areas and cattle used to graze along the creek.

Hamilton

Sevenmile Creek Townsend

Anaconda Butte

NorthWestern Energy helped with three projects in the Fishtrap

Three Forks Bozeman

Creek drainage, all designed to reduce and repair past damage to the watershed from human impact: • The realignment of West Fork Fishtrap Creek Road to move sections

Dillon

of the road out of the creek bank. • Create log jams in the creek to add habitat complexity, creating more pools and spawning areas for fish. • Remove an undersized culvert from Bear Trap Creek to allow fish to swim upstream. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 31

Green GOING

NorthWestern Energy’s manager of sustainability is working with communities to meet climate action goals

NorthWestern Energy Manager of Sustainability John Bushnell works with Montana, South Dakota and Nebraska communities to meet their climate objectives and clean energy goals.

By Jo Dee Black NorthWestern Energy Manager of Sustainability John Bushnell uses

“I started about two years ago working with communities in Mon-

his three decades of experience in the energy industry to assist Montana,

tana interested in opportunities that allow customers to choose to go

South Dakota and Nebraska communities with their climate objectives.

from what is already a portfolio that is currently 70% clean energy to

The role is new to both Bushnell and NorthWestern Energy.

100% clean energy,” John said.

“My interest in this position was generated by communities’ desire

NorthWestern Energy already offers customers in Montana E+

to obtain their clean energy goals and NorthWestern Energy’s desire to

Green, a voluntary program that allows customers to buy carbon-free

be to responsive customers,” he said.

electricity blocks, incrementally, each month. NorthWestern Energy

Previously, he managed NorthWestern Energy’s energy supply plan-

supports the E+ Green program with renewable energy certificates pur-

ning: a data-created roadmap with short-term and long-term forecasts

chased from the Bonneville Environmental Foundation from resources

for the energy supplies needed to meet customers’ energy demands

in the northwest. Find more information at NorthWesternEnergy.com/

reliably and affordably.

GreenPower.

32 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

But what are the opportunities for new resources in Montana, such as additional wind or solar generation, some asked? John is now exploring those opportunities in partnership with communities. “Our communities in Montana with climate action goals have shown a lot of interest,” John said. “We’re also seeing interest from national corporations, and local business such as Philipsburg Brewing in Philipsburg Montana.” Municipal governments in Bozeman, Missoula and Helena, and

Large customers are also interested in increasing the renewable energy they use. “In South Dakota, we’ve got manufacturing customers interested in procuring more carbon-free energy to meet their own standards,” John said. “We are working with them to meet their interests.” Working with customers on green-energy projects is not a path John, an economist, envisioned when he began his career with the Montana Public Service Commission in 1986.

Missoula County, Montana, are working with a consultant and NorthWest-

“The opportunity to work directly with our customers on solutions

ern Energy to develop a voluntary green-power product. The premium

they are asking for is very rewarding,” John said. “We are all working

product will include investment in a new renewable energy resource in

together to meet customers’ interest in cleaner energy in ways that are

Montana.

affordable and reliable.” BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 33

34 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1 By Jo Dee Black, Amie Thompson and Erin Madison

WORKING AROUND THE CLOCK

After a gate malfunction at Hebgen Dam, crews worked around the clock to make repairs and restore flows to the Madison River. Water flow from Hebgen Dam to the Madison River significantly

clock to repair the dam gate, dozens of volunteers arrived the morning

decreased Tuesday, Nov. 30, 2021, when a gate component failed on

of Dec. 1 in Ennis to help Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks at the Madi-

the dam’s outlet structure.

son River. The volunteers worked to transfer stranded fish into the main

NorthWestern Energy hydro engineers and personnel worked

channel of the river. When water levels dropped, some side channels

around the clock to develop a repair plan to restore gate functional-

dropped so quickly that fish didn’t have a chance to move to deeper

ity and river flows to the Madison River as quickly as possible, safely.

water and were stuck in puddles.

The repairs required a custom-made gate component fabricated and machined by the Anaconda Foundry Fabrication Company (AFFCO). That component was installed on the dam gate by a dive crew from Washington-based Associated Underwater Services who specialize in underwater construction and repair. The Hebgen Dam gate was open and outflows to the Madison River

About 15 NorthWestern Energy employees also joined the effort, delivering refreshments and lunch to volunteers. We extend our sincere gratitude to all who volunteered time with the fish relocation effort on the river. Once the gate was repaired and reopened, flows to the Madison River recovered quickly.

were restored just before midnight on Wednesday, Dec. 1. The repair

We will complete a thorough analysis of the failure of the gate com-

was completed safely and without requiring any further flow reduction

ponent at Hebgen Dam. NorthWestern Energy’s dams in Montana meet

in the river.

the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission’s extensive dam safety pro-

“This successful repair was the culmination of outstanding effort by

gram requirements.

many NorthWestern Energy employees and partner contractors. From

We worked directly with Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks in immediate

the time this issue was identified, work was underway without stoppage

response to this event and will continue to work with FWP to develop a

until the river flows were restored,” said Jeremy Clotfelter, director of

plan to understand any impacts on the fishery. Lee Newspapers reported

Hydro Operations.

FWP believes the low-water event will not have significant long-term

The dive team worked in 38-degree water. Diver Travis Wilson wore

impacts to the fishery, since it was for a short period of time and isolated

a hot water suit that constantly pumped warm water through his suit next

to a small stretch of river. The impacted portion of the river was mainly

to his skin.

between Hebgen Lake and Quake Lake.

“It’s like working in a Jacuzzi,” Travis said.

“It could have been a lot worse in a lot of different circumstances,”

The diver wore a helmet and was always tethered to dry land by an

said Andy Welch, NorthWestern manager of hydro compliance. “Had this

air hose, water hose, and video and audio communications that allowed

happened in the heat of the summer, it could have been much more

him to communicate with the dive coordinator on shore, who watched a

impactful to fish and aquatic life. But also, if it had gotten much colder,

video feed of what the diver was seeing.

the exposed side channels and spawning gravels could have frozen

While the diver worked below water to install the gate component,

overnight.”

engineers watching from above water helped him troubleshoot through

NorthWestern Energy is committed to appropriate follow-up actions.

obstacles. Hydro crews also worked to maneuver equipment to make

The long-term health of the fishery is the priority for NorthWestern Energy

installation easier.

and all of our partners.

While our crews worked around the

NorthWestern Energy will continue to fund the existing programs to

 Photos (clockwise from left)

support the fishery, aquatic and wild-

Diver Travis Wilson prepares to enter Hebgen Lake to replace the coupler that failed on Hebgen Dam.

life

Diver Travis Wilson gathers his diving equipment before making repairs to Hebgen Dam. Chris Calero of Associated Underwater Services watches a video feed from the diver making repairs to Hebgen Dam. Jeremy Butcher, Superintendent of Hydro Operations, left, and BJ Cope, Senior Engineer, discuss plans to restore river flows.

resources,

including

long-term

monitoring of fish and aquatic insect populations on the Madison River. The work on these programs will continue to be done with our resource agency and

non-governmental

organization

partners, including Montana FWP, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S.

Mitch Hedberg, Journeyman Maintenance Operator for NorthWestern Energy, preps for repair of Hebgen Dam.

Forest Service, Trout Unlimited, Madison

 Madison River flows were restored to preevent levels not long after the gate on Hebgen Dam was repaired.

Foundation, and other local entities.

Conservation District, Madison River

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 35

REPAIRING THE

RIVER’S EDGE TRAIL By Alissa Byrd

When a landslide threatened to wipe out a portion of the River’s Edge Trail in Great Falls, Montana, NorthWestern Energy and the Missouri-Madison River Fund were able to help pay for the needed repairs. 36 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

In 2019, a landslide began to form on a popular stretch of the River’s Edge Trail in Great Falls, Montana, between Black Eagle Dam and Giant Springs Road, causing severe damage to the trail. The River’s Edge Trail is a well-used and well-loved attraction in Great Falls. It stretches 60 miles along the Missouri River and offers a combination of dirt single-track and paved trails. The landslide destroyed an approximately 90-foot section of the trail. Before the landslide occurred, preventive measures were taken in 2018 with the installing of a crib wall, but it was unsuccessful at keeping the trail from collapsing. The City of Great Falls, which owns and maintains much of the trail, applied for a Missouri-Madison River Fund grant and NorthWestern Energy matching funds to help pay for the repairs that would prevent the landslide from being an issue in the future. The River’s Edge Trail Foundation, a volunteer trail advocacy group, supported the application with a financial contribution to the project. “We’re very thankful that River Fund and NorthWestern Energy stepped up and helped fund the project,” Great Falls Park and Recreation Trail Coordinator Steffen Janikula said. “The construction was very robust, I would say, so it will stand

 The Missouri-Madison River Fund grant paid for a majority of the repair and mitigation of the landslide. NorthWestern Energy helped fund some of the remaining costs of the project.  The River’s Edge Trail follows the Missouri River and includes 60 miles of paved and single-track trails. Great Falls, River’s Edge Trail Foundation and NorthWestern Energy all

the test of time.” The project, which was completed in summer 2020, included a

worked together to fund the remaining costs of the project. The River

geotechnical report, 100 feet of sheet pile wall with helical tiebacks, a

Fund contributed a total of $237,400. NorthWestern Energy donated

drainage system, fencing, asphalt trail replacement, grading and site res-

$16,300 of the roughly $325,000 total project cost. Without the repair,

toration.

the trail itself would have most likely slid away, and due to the location

The Missouri-Madison River Fund grant paid for a majority of the repair and mitigation of the landslide. Additionally, the City of

of the slide, it would have been nearly impossible to replace without a total rebuild project. The Missouri-Madison River Fund has helped pay for numerous

About the Missouri-Madison River Fund Grant Program The

Missouri-Madison

River

Fund

Grant

improvement projects on the River’s Edge Trail over the years. “NorthWestern Energy and the River Fund have been a vital resource in maintaining and repairing what is already there,” said Bruce Pollington, president of the River’s Edge Trail Foundation.

Program,

“I got involved 25 years ago,” Bruce said. “Back then the river was

implemented through the Missouri-Madison Comprehensive Rec-

not much of a consideration to the public. We wanted to change that for

reation Plan, addresses ongoing needs for public recreation in

our community. We viewed the trail system as a way to preserve the river

the Missouri-Madison Project Area. Created as a public-private

frontage for public access and recreation.”

partnership among local government, state and federal agencies

Bruce has dedicated his career to holding that promise. In addition

and licensee of the 2188 Hydroelectric Project, River Fund grants

to serving as the President of the River’s Edge Trail Foundation Board, he

and NorthWestern Energy matching funds are awarded annually

is the public representative to the River Fund Board of Directors.

for qualifying projects. River Fund Grants since 2007 total:

Transforming the riverfront to a trail became a reality through the dedication of trail pioneers like Doug Wicks, ongoing support from

• $5.3 million in grant funding for public recreation.

countless volunteers and government employees and, most importantly,

• $1.3 million in licensee matching funds.

active donors supporting a shared community vision.

• $10.3 million in public recreation enhancements. Learn more about the Missouri-Madison River Fund and find details on how to apply at NorthWesternEnergy.com/RiverFund.

“The thing is, I have walked that trail in all seasons, including the middle of winter, but I have never once been on that trail alone,” Bruce said. “People are always out there.”

Learn more about the River’s Edge Trail at thetrail.org. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 37

Thompson Falls RELICENSING By Erin Madison

Study looks at potential impacts of operating Thompson Falls Dam for fl In order to operate our hydro facilities on Montana’s rivers, NorthWestern Energy is required to obtain a license from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, or FERC. The license term is anywhere from 30 to 50 years, and relicensing is a long, intensive process.

maintain a fairly consistent reservoir level at Thompson Falls. “The water coming in is the same as the water going out, or fairly close,” explained Andy Welch, Manager of Hydro License Compliance. With the new license, we’re looking at the possibility of raising and

We are in the middle of the relicensing process for our Thompson

lowering the reservoir a few feet so the amount of energy we produce

Falls hydro facility and will file the final license application at the end of

can better meet demand. This is especially important as we bring more

2023.

solar and wind on our system because when and how much energy

Relicensing requires meetings, public input and studies looking at everything from fish behavior to visitor use. The whole process takes five to seven years. One of the required studies is looking at flexible capacity genera-

these renewables produce fluctuates greatly. “We have a lot of grid regulation requirements we have to meet,” Andy said. “This would give us the flexibility to use Thompson Falls to help with that.”

tion, which allows us to change how much energy is generated relative

We completed a study last summer to see what effects a fluctuating

to what’s needed. We currently manage the generation at the project to

reservoir would have on public safety, habitat, recreation, fisheries, wet-

38 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

Trout travels through fish ladder, 150 miles in 33 days By Jon Hanson An impressive migration was documented in the spring of 2020 when a 21-inch, 3.5-pound rainbow trout was captured in the Thompson Falls fish ladder on March 25 and tagged with a Floy and PIT tag. It was released upstream, and then Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks recaptured it at Johnson Creek, a tributary to the lower Blackfoot River on April 27. This is the farthest documented fish movement from the fish ladder to date, and the first documented connection from the Lower Clark Fork to the Blackfoot River system. In 33 days, this rainbow moved more than 150 miles upstream to where it likely hatched, to carry out its life history and presumably spawn. Several years ago, this juvenile rainbow trout (now known as tag #0068) left Johnson Creek and moved downstream. The removal of Milltown Dam reduced a predatory population of nonnative northern pike from the reservoir. As this juvenile matured and instincts kicked in to return to its natal stream, the operation of the Thompson Falls fish ladder then started the upstream sequence and allowed access to the

flexible capacity generation

Middle Clark Fork River. Again, the removal of Milltown Dam allowed #0068 further access to this Blackfoot River tributary, where it was trapped incidentally via another fisheries research project.

lands, cultural resources and shoreline erosion. Over three phases,

The biological documentation linking all the actions is a notable

we increased or decreased generation resulting in raising and lower-

feat. Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Lolo National Forest, U.S. Fish and

ing of the reservoir elevation to simulate flexible capacity generation

Wildlife Service, Big Blackfoot Chapter of Trout Unlimited, Trout Unlim-

and looked at what impacts it had. In each phase, we progres-

ited, The Nature Conservancy and NorthWestern Energy are just a few

sively increased the magnitude of generation, which resulted in an

of the key contributors to make this multi-drainage success happen.

increased rate at which the reservoir elevation changed. “We collected a ton of data,” Andy said. Our Hydro License Compliance team is now in the process of

Jon Hanson is NorthWestern Energy’s Hydro Compliance Professional – Fish Biologist based in Missoula.

analyzing that data and compiling it into an initial study report, which will be released in May 2022 and incorporated into our draft license application. Based on the result of this study and others, FERC will determine how we can operate the project and what mitigation measures

Scan this QR code with your phone’s camera to watch a video about the Thompson Falls Fish Ladder.

are required. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 39

SEED MALT BREW -TO-TO-

By Whitney Jurenic and Tucker Kramer

The malting and brewing industry in Montana is not only hard working – but working efficiently! From the tractor seat to the bar stool, these local businesses have invested in energy-efficient projects with a goal of energy management best practices. What’s more, they have all received rebates and incentives from NorthWestern’s Energy Efficiency Plus (E+) Programs to “go green” while saving some green, too. Our Efficiency Plus (E+) Programs NorthWestern Energy offers a variety of rebates and incentives through our Efficiency Plus (E+) Programs. The E+ Programs help Montana customers save money and energy. E+ Program savings are realized through lower customer use of energy resources, which reduces the amount of electricity and natural gas NorthWestern must generate or purchase to meet customer needs. Several options are available to NorthWestern’s Montana residential and commercial customers: simple rebates, weatherization programs, energy assessments, custom commercial incentives and support of renewable energy generation. To learn more, visit NorthWesternEnergy.com/EPlus. To learn more about these featured Montana businesses, please visit their websites at boshayandgrain.com, montanacraftmalt.com and philipsburgbrew.com. 40 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

The Seed: Bos Hay and Grain Barley is an important crop, and Montana supplies the U.S. with approximately 22% of the nation’s barley production. Malt barley is a subset grain crop that is primarily used for beer production. Located in southwest Montana in the Gallatin Gateway, Bos Hay and Grain is a family farm that was established in 1965 by Ron Bos. Craig Bos, Ron’s son, now operates the business, which produces a variety of grains including malt barley. Malt barley is considered a specialty crop that requires thoughtful and efficient irrigation practices. Craig stressed that “irrigation is critical in the success of our business,” as malt barley has specific protein requirements that are water dependent. Bos Hay and Grain has participated in NorthWestern’s E+ Irrigation Program with the installation of a variable frequency drive (VFD) pump, which Craig states was “impactful and helpful” to their business. NorthWestern offers rebates for Montana irrigation customers including farms and ranches that produce feed and grain, as irrigation systems can be energy-intensive. Our rebates can help irrigators upgrade their systems to be more energy efficient. In the 2020-2021 program year (July 1, 2020-June 30, 2021), NorthWestern’s E+ Irrigation Program saved customers 173,250 kilowatt hours and incented $14,437 in irrigation rebates for 12 VFD projects.

The Malt: Montana Craft Malt Montana Craft Malt (MCM) is stirring things up with big ideas and a bold vision to transform the craft malt business. Headquartered in Butte, Montana, MCM is located near the world’s best barley-growing region. “Montana has premium agriculture products,” said Jen O’Brien, President of MCM. “But we send it out of state to be processed, which is where the jobs are created.” MCM was created with the goal of using Montana-grown grain to produce malt for craft breweries. Making malt is an energy-intensive process. Barley is soaked in water to germinate. The germination process is then halted by using hot air to dry the grain. MCM produces about 25 million pounds of malt per year, which is distributed across the country and into Mexico. The company sells directly to numerous craft breweries in Montana. When construction began in 2018, MCM collaborated with NorthWestern to participate in E+ Program offerings. MCM was able to receive three incentives for implementing energy efficiency measures in their facility utilizing the E+ Commercial Lighting, E+ Electric Business Partners and E+ Natural Gas Business Partners programs. The E+ Commercial Lighting Program rebated an LED lighting upgrade at the MCM facility. Through the E+ Electric Business Partners Program, NorthWestern funded an incentive for MCM’s compressed air system, which feeds the pneumatic robots used in the malt house. In 2020, MCM completed a heat recovery system for its kiln (essentially a large oven where malt is dried) that received an E+ Natural Gas Business Partners incentive. With the heat recovery system, the kiln is about 10% more efficient. Through the implementation of these three projects, MCM was able to capitalize on both electric and natural gas savings.

The Brew: Philipsburg Brewing Company Philipsburg Brewing Company opened its doors in 2012 with a mission to provide quality, handcrafted beers in a friendly, unique setting. Philipsburg Brewing uses only the finest Montana malt and local mountain spring water to craft its beer. Initially, Philipsburg Brewing opened inside an old bank building in downtown Philipsburg. A couple years after opening, the brewery had outgrown its space. “There was demand for our beer on draft that we couldn’t keep up with,” said Nolan Smith, Co-owner and Operations Manager. In 2015, Philipsburg Brewing opened a production brewery up the street from the downtown location. The facility is inside a water bottling plant that was built in the ’90s that sat vacant for about 10 years. “It’s actually where the original brewery was built in Philipsburg in 1875,” Nolan said. The building, known as The Springs, was equipped with mercury vapor lights that had to warm up for several minutes before they reached full brightness. “It took a while for them to come on,” Nolan said. In 2018, NorthWestern worked with Philipsburg Brewing on an E+ Commercial Lighting Program rebate, which helped the brewery upgrade its lights to LEDs, including motion sensors. “The lighting upgrade certainly was needed,” Nolan said. “It makes the work environment a lot better for our guys, and we’re saving energy.” BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 41

NORTHWEST CORNER

HURON,

South D

By Alissa Byrd

Many know the

whom I later walked across the stage at high

small town of Huron,

school graduation. In the last decade, Huron

South Dakota, as

has blossomed with a population of Karen

home of the South

immigrants, many who came to work at the tur-

Dakota State Fair,

key plant, Dakota Resources, and also opened

the World’s Largest

restaurants and grocery stores and became

Pheasant or for being

members of the community.

located in east-central

neighborhood. My little sister had new friends

me, I call it home.

to invite to play.

Throughout the

Huron, located at the intersection of U.S.

years, the commu-

Highway 14 and South Dakota Highway 3, is

nity, myself included,

composed of several amazing small busi-

witnessed the small

nesses, way too many to fit in one article, and

town of Huron trans-

I recommend branching out and exploring all the additional options

form into something

Huron has to offer.

bigger, better and more beautiful. I watched my classroom expand with students of all backgrounds and ethnicities, with

42 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

My family welcomed new neighbors in our

South Dakota, but for

Small business are what make Huron and every NorthWest Corner thrive. When you support a small business, your impact doesn’t go unnoticed. You could be paying for their child’s ballet lessons, helping put food on the table for dinner or making holiday shopping a little less

small-town of Huron provided her the opportunity to make her dream a reality. Please stop in and show your support to their culture while welcoming this new local business, too! Hidden Town Treasure. If you blink, you will miss it. So, don’t blink when looking for Coney Island Cafe, located at 24 2nd St. SW. This hidden treasure serves the tastiest breakfast and arguably the BEST caramel rolls EVER. But, don’t worry, we will let you be the judge of that one. I recommend arriving early, they open stressful. I’m not shy when recommending my local favorites in Huron. You will fit in like a local after visiting all of the places featured. Thank you for #shoppinglocal during

Dakota

your visit to Huron.

at 7 a.m. Or call 605-352-7112 to reserve a caramel roll. Need. More. Caffeine. Don’t Spill The Beans, located on Third and Dakota in the Centre Plaza, offers dine-in, curbside, online ordering and takeout. Hungry? No problem. You’ll find a fabulous lunch menu with daily specials that will tempt even the pickiest of appetites. Need

A Dozen Donuts. If you’ve been

a caffeine boost? Try a specialty drink, or kindly ask the baristas to rec-

searching for the best donuts in South

ommend their latest favorite. Not a coffee fan? That is A-OK; they offer

Dakota, look no further! The Donut Shoppe,

several alternatives. I recommend trying an Italian raspberry soda with

a small, family-run bakery has served fresh,

cream! Visit dontspillthebeans.net to learn more.

delicious donuts for 38 years and count-

Stronger Together. While strolling through

ing. Oh, and they take donut making very

downtown, capture a picture to remember

seriously, too. Their donut-making magic

your visit to Huron. If you’re feeling

begins at 10 p.m. the night before they open

inspired, post your photo and share a

their doors. From start to finish, it typically takes five to six

few words on what being strong means

hours to prepare for the next day of business. Make sure you

to you. A photo-op mural is located on

arrive early to guarantee your donut selection. Don’t miss The

Dakota Street across from Don’t Spill The

Donut Shoppe, located in downtown Huron at 474 Dakota Ave.

Beans.

S., where you can expect fresh, delicious donuts and friendly service while supporting a local community favorite. Shop Until You Drop. Boss Boutique offers a city-feel

A Must See. Not everyone can say they have a picture with The World’s Largest Pheasant, but you could after your trip to

shopping experience while staying in the heart of Huron.

Huron. The World’s Largest Pheasant

Store owner Ashley loves women’s fashion and staying on top

is located on Highway 14, and you

of new trends to provide the latest styles for customers. Her

don’t want to miss it. Is it really

goal is to feature fun yet affordable options. Enjoy browsing

a trip to Huron if you didn’t

through a selection of women’s clothing, shoes, plus-size

get a picture with the

clothing, boots and fashion accessories. Visit

28-foot-tall, 22-ton

bossboutique.com to learn more.

pheasant?

Family Owned. Sah Ray and her nephew, Rawlay, opened Golden Horn Karen Asian Market one year ago to provide more options for the community. The store, located at 175 Dakota Ave. S., offers a little something for everyone, from clothing to grocery and produce items. It was Sah Ray’s dream to start her own business, and the

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 43

Pass the Popcorn. After a long day of exploring the town of Huron, take an evening to relax and catch the latest movie at Huron Luxury Cinemas. While you’re at it, order a bag of popcorn, something sweet and a large drink of your choice. Visit loganmovie.com to view upcoming showtimes. Did Someone Say Snacks? Need a pick-me-up before you

Now That’s What You Call A Sandwich.

travel home? Stop into Mely’s

This is no fast-food joint. At Manolis Grocery,

Mexican Store & Bakery, located

sandwiches are ordered fresh and made with

at 256 Kansas Ave. SE, to expand

love. Lots and lots of layers of love, aka meat

your typical snack selection for

and cheese. It might surprise you what all this

your road trip home. Not sure

store has to offer. Although they are famous for

what to get? Try one of each:

their sandwiches, they offer wine, liquor and

something sweet, salty and

several grocery items. The sandwich counter is

something to drink! I recommend

located toward the back of the store, where you

Corn Brights, delicious sug-

will find a menu of specialty options, or feel free

ar-coated, vanilla-flavored

to build your own. You can dine in or order to go, but I recommend getting comfortable and enjoying the small-town atmosphere. 47 3rd St. SW. Authentic Thai Food. Mercy Thai Restaurant, located on the south side of town, offers authentic Thai food options for the Huron community. If you’re an appetizer lover, I recommend ordering a rice ball to start. Visit mercythairestaurantinhuron.com to see all of their delicious menu options. Water Your Green Thumb. Plant-shopping is always on my to-do list. If you’re searching for a souvenir that will last a while (depending on your plant-parent skills), visit Cara at Rainbow Flower Shop. She will help you find the perfect plant to add to your collection. This cute little shop at 162

corn snacks! Year-Round Fun. The fairgrounds is most well known for hosting the South Dakota State Fair. This 190-acre park offers several other events throughout the year, such as Wheel Jam, livestock events, trade shows and other family-friendly community events. In 2022, the South Dakota State Fair will be held on Sept. 1-Sept. 5. Visit sdstatefair.com to learn more. Plan Ahead for Pheasant Season. Interested in pheasant hunting? Wild Wings & Retrievers offers a guided pheasant hunt experience in one of the most highly pheasant populated areas in eastern South Dakota. Steve, the owner of Wild Wings & Retrievers, has hosted guided hunts for 30 years and provides a safe, relaxing hunt for everyone. While he wants his hunters to enjoy a relaxed and exciting hunt, his main focus is safety. A safety meeting will precede the hunt so all individuals are aware of the expectations of the hunting party. To learn more, visit wildwingsretrievers.info or call 605-350-4702.

3rd St. SW is hard to miss with its beautiful new #EternalSummer mural on the east side of the building.

Scan this QR code with your phone’s camera to watch a video about NorthWestern Energy partnering with Advantage South Dakota to help companies recruit and train employees and to help new residents settle into life in South Dakota.

44 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

BRIGHT FLAVORS /

BEER CHEESE SOUP

You read about energy efficiency from “Seed to Malt to Brew” on Pages 40-41. Now use some of that locally crafted, energy-efficient beer in this delicious, creamy beer cheese soup recipe.

INGREDIENTS ¼ cup butter 1 medium yellow onion, diced 2 carrots, diced ½ red pepper, diced 2 cloves garlic, minced ¼ cup flour 2 cups chicken broth 1 cup heavy cream 16 ounces beer 1 tablespoon ground mustard 1 bay leaf 1 teaspoon salt ½ teaspoon pepper Additonal salt and pepper to taste

DIRECTIONS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Heat a large saucepan over medium heat. Add butter and let it melt.

Add onion, carrots and red pepper. Saute 5-6 minutes or until softened. Add garlic and saute for another minute. Sprinkle the flour over the vegetables and mix well. Cook for one minute, stirring frequently. Continuing to stir, add chicken broth, cream and beer. Then add mustard, bay leaf, salt and pepper. Let simmer 5 minutes until vegetables are very soft. Take out the bay leaf. Puree soup using an immersion blender. Alternately, a food processor or blender may be used — blend in batches to not overflow. Add the cheese to the soup base gradually, stirring often. Reheat to meld flavors for 3-5 minutes. Serve immediately. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 45

\ BRIGHT IDEA

Bees

WHERE DO

GO IN THE WINTER?

By Amy Grisak

Editor’s note: In each edition, gardener and writer Amy Grisak will share a Bright Idea that readers can try at home. Throughout the summer, honeybees are our gardening companions, pollinating the plants, flowers and vegetables we love. But what happens when the weather chills and the flowers are gone? There’s no hibernation for these industrious ladies. The reason honeybees work so hard during the summer is to survive the winter, but how they do it is remarkable. The goal for the entire colony is to keep the queen alive. This requires the workers, which are all females at this time of the year, to cluster around her during cold spells, typically once the outside temperature dips below 50 degrees, and generate heat through muscle contractions. It doesn’t matter how cold it is outside. Inside the hive remains a toasty 90 degrees Fahrenheit. It’s kind of mind blowing to consider there can

A centrifuge is used to extract honey during honey harvest.

easily be a 100-degree difference between the subzero outside temperatures and the interior of the honeybee cluster.

vae a nutrient rich substance called royal jelly to create reproductive

Maintaining this tight group is the key to the colony’s survival. If

females. When a new queen is born, she immediately kills any of her sis-

something happens

ters still in their cells with her stinger (unlike the worker bees that can only

the

existing

sting once), or if another queen is born at the same time, they’ll fight to

queen, they will

the death. The victorious queen mates, then takes over the responsibility

raise a new one, if

of producing up to 1,500 eggs per day during the height of the summer.

given enough time.

But there is no time to go through this process in the winter. The

During the warmer

queen does not lay eggs during the winter months; if she perishes there

months they draw

is no way to replenish the population. The colony will die out. This is why

out

the cluster is critical.

queen

cells,

which are larger than

the

Although honeybees are well adapted to survive northern climates,

spaces created for

they fare better when beekeepers give them a little help at the end of

the worker bees or

the season. Keep in mind, if you ask 10 beekeepers the same question

even the male drones.

on care, you’ll receive at least 11 different answers, but this is the general

When the existing queen

46 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

Giving the bees a boost

smaller

course of action at the end of the season.

lays eggs in these cells,

Winter preparation begins with the honey harvest. Honeybees pro-

the workers feed the lar-

duce far more honey than they actually need to survive the cold months,

 NorthWestern Energy Biologist Grant Grisak prepares to harvest honey from a beehive.

which is why people benefit. Harvest typically happens toward the end of the summer after the nectar flow wraps up.

Most northern beekeepers believe a hive will require roughly 100 pounds of honey to make it through the winter, and harvest accordingly. To harvest the honey, the beekeeper removes the honey supers after smoking or using a product to drive the worker bees out of the

of dead bees at the entrance, but it’s good to know that the remaining workers are maintaining their housekeeping. Looking forward to spring When it is the first part of the year, even in colder climates, the

supers. A centrifuge is used

queen begins laying a few

to extract the honey from the

eggs. As the days lengthen

cells. Smaller scale beekeep-

and the temperature rises,

ers sometimes scrape the

she increases egg pro-

honeycomb off of the frames,

duction. When spring rolls

then place it in a strainer to

around, there is typically a

strain the honey.

healthy population of ster-

Preparing hives for the cold

ile, female worker bees,

In many parts of the

along with drones, the fer-

country,

require

tile males that were kicked

little to no preparation to sur-

beehives

out before winter. If there

vive the winter. But in colder

is a new queen produced,

areas, beekeepers do their

the drones will meet with

best to allow bees to keep

her. If not, they pretty much

the interior of the hive warm.

just hang out in the hive.

This might be as simple as

They do not collect honey,

buffering the hives with straw

nor do they even have a

bales in order to reduce the

stinger to be able to pro-

effect of harsh winter winds.

tect the hive.

Stacked around the sides of

At the height of the

the prevailing winds, straw

season in the early sum-

bales can prevent the cold

mer, a healthy colony will

from creeping into the clus-

contain between 50,000

ter.

and 60,000 bees. When Another option is to

the nectar flow is heavy,

attach solid foam insulation

it is not unusual for the

around the sides of the hive.

bees to put up more than

The one caveat being the

30 pounds of honey within

beekeeper must allow for air

a day or two. Even in

circulation and for the bees

northern climates, a hive

to fly out during warm winter days. The buildup of humid-

 In preparation for winter, straw bales are stacked around beehives to help insulate them.

ity is one of the key reasons

can easily produce 270 pounds of honey. With

complete

bees die in the winter time, and can cause mold issues, which are equally

focus of “God save the queen!” the honeybees’ dedication would make

harmful. With this in mind, it’s also important to keep the vent holes open

any Anglophile proud. It’s a group effort when beekeepers do what they

during the winter, particularly if snow drifts around the hives. While snow

can to ensure the hive is strong and healthy so they survive the winter

is a good insulator, it can smother the bees.

and are ready for spring blossoms.

And, as mentioned, the bees need to be able to fly out during winter days when the temperature crests above 50 degrees. Being the clean and organized creatures that they are, they rely upon these warm days for defecating flights since they do not do so inside the hive. It’s also an opportunity for them to sometimes clean out the dead bees from the bottom of the hive. It might be shocking to go out on a winter’s day and see a large number

Amy Grisak is an avid gardener and writer. Her writing appears in everything from the Farmers’ Almanac to Popular Mechanics, and her first book, “Nature Guide to Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks,” is now available. Amy lives in Great Falls, Montana, with her two sons and her husband, Grant, who is a biologist with NorthWestern Energy.

BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 47

\ BY THE NUMBERS

OUR GENERATION PORTFOLIO Timeline of Our Montana Generation Portfolio Since the end of 2011, we have added only carbon-free resources – hydro, wind and solar – to our Montana generation portfolio. In the last 10 years, we

OWNED RESOURCES

have added more than 760 megawatts of carbon-free generation.

Hydro Add 2 MW

Spion Kop 40 MW

Hydro Dams 446 MW*

LONG-TERM CONTRACTED RESOURCES

2012

2013

2015

Musselshell 20 MW

Hydro Reduction (3.5) MW**

Two Dot 11 MW 2016

Fairfield 10 MW

Gordon Butte 9.6 MW

Flint Creek & Lower South Fork 2.5 MW

2014

Hydro Add 2.7 MW

2017

2018

Various 17 MW

Greenfield 25 MW

2019

2020

2021E

ConEd sites,Caithness Beaver Creek, and Triple Oak/Jawbone 314.2 MW

South Peak 80 MW

Stillwater, Big TImber & Various 114.7 MW

2022E

Apex 1, MT Sun & Open Range 166 MW

*Hydro dams 446 MW of normal max generation capability (439 MW Nameplate Capacity) excludes 194 MW of Kerr dam which was transferred to the Salish & Kootenai Tribes in 2015 **Hydro net reduction in 2020 includes reduced capacity in Holter and a slight increase in Ryan

121M

We’ve invested more than $121 million in energy efficiency, demand-side management and small-scale renewable energy development support since 2006.

Systemwide, our electric generation was 65% carbon-free in 2020.

48 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

6.6%

Wind - Owned

9.7%

23.0%

Contracted CELP & YELP

Wind - Contracted

0.8%

2.7%

Natural Gas/Other Contracted Natural Gas/Other Owned

21.9%

Hydro Contracted

33.5%

0.4%

Hydro Owned

Solar Contracted

3.0%

Wind - Owned

23.0%

11.7% 0.9% 2.8%

23.3%

2.1%

Wind - Owned

Natural Gas/Other Owned

Wind - Contracted

Contracted CELP & YELP

Montana NorthWestern Energy 2020 Electric Generation Portfolio

Natural Gas/Other Contracted

Natural Gas/Other Owned

15.6%

Coal Owned

1.8%

65% Carbon-free

Based on MWH of owned and long-term contracted resources

Coal Owned

1.5%

NorthWestern Energy 2020 Electric Generation Portfolio

69% Carbon-free

51.1%

Coal Owned

Based on MWH of owned and long-term contracted resources

South Dakota NorthWestern Energy 2020 Electric Generation Portfolio

47% Carbon-free

23.5%

Wind - Contracted

Based on MWH of owned and long-term contracted resources

40.6%

0.5%

Hydro Owned

Solar Contracted

Hydro Contracted

The average among U.S. energy companies of carbon-free resources (as a percentage of total nameplate capacity). NorthWestern Energy is significantly cleaner at 57%.

Today, nearly 70% of the energy produced by NorthWestern Energy for Montana comes from renewable and carbon-free sources, including hydro, wind and solar. Over the last decade, we have already reduced the carbon intensity of our energy generation in Montana by more than 50%. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 49

\ CAN YOU FIND IT?

DO YOU RECOGNIZE THE LOCATION OF THESE PHOTOS? Do you recognize the location of any of these photos? Send us your guesses to be placed in the drawing for a prize. Guesses should be specific such as naming a feature in the photo or giving the exact location. Send your guesses to bright@northwestern.com. Be sure to include your name, mailing address and phone number so we can contact you if you’re a winner.

SOUTH DAKOTA 50 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

MONTANA Answers from the People issue Montana: Lots of readers recognized the historic Washoe Theatre in Anaconda. From the correct guesses, we selected Sue J. of Columbia Falls, Montana, as the winner. South Dakota: That is the World’s Only Corn Palace, located in Mitchell. Several people sent in correct guesses, and we drew Lydia M., of Chamberlain, South Dakota, as the winner.

NEBRASKA

Nebraska: This building is in downtown Lincoln and houses the Nebraska Public Service Commission. Two people recognized this location. In fact, these two people both correctly guessed all three locations, so we’re declaring them both winners: Phyllis T. of Great Falls, Montana, and Mike S. of Butte, Montana. BRIGHT MAGAZINE Environment Edition | 51

A publication of: NorthWestern Energy 11 E. Park St. Butte, MT 59701

Recycle Responsibly

Prefer digital? No problem! Subscribe or read online at NorthWesternEnergy.com/Bright 52 | BRIGHT MAGAZINE Vol. 1

Bright Magazine: Environment 2021

Articles inside

Going Green

Repairing the River's Edge Trail

Bright Spots

Partnering to Protect Eagles

Seed-to-Malt-to-Brew

Return of the Swans

On the Edge of Wilderness

Soaring Osprey Population