FOR KOOLINA Hale
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In the Hawaiian language, hale (pronounced huhâ-leh) translates to âhouseâ or âhost.â Hale is an intimate expression of the aloha spirit found throughout the islands and a reflection of the hospitality of Ko Olina. In this publication, you will find that hale is more than a structure, it is a way of life. Ko Olina celebrates the community it is privileged to be a part of and welcomes you to immerse yourself in these stories of home.
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FEATURES
52
Across the Universe
For celestial aficionados, the leeward coast offers prime stargazing opportunities courtesy of its distance from Oâahuâs urban core.
64
A Hula Unearthed
With one of hulaâs most athletic and ancient dances, a male hula hÄlau excavates the fundamentals of the formâs multi-layered tradition.
78
The Language of Moana
It took heart, mind, intellect, and passion to translate Disneyâs Moana into the Hawaiian language.
92
The Watermanâs Olympics
A surf journalist discovers the heart and soul of MÄkaha at the annual Buffaloâs Big Board Surfing Classic.
106 Heavy Metal Master
Drawn to the spiritual and elementary energy of Hawaiâi, copper artist Sooriya Kumar sculpts large-scale pieces with peaceful messages.
MÄlama MÄkua
Waiâanae High Schoolâs Marine Science Learning Center
MÄkeke Market VOICES
Leeward Kai Canoe Club
Angela Morales
Kahunui Foster
LETTER FROM JEFFREY R. STONE
Aloha e,
A community is defined by more than a shared location. As a community, we are also united by collective values and a collective sense of purpose.
This is my 20th year crafting a vibrant Ko Olina community that each and every one of our familiesâemployees, residents, and guestsâcan be proud of. While I am honored to reach this great milestone, I am also honored to celebrate the successes of our brand partners who have joined me in creating an extraordinary legacy and who are providing countless opportunities for future generations to prosper.
Our resort commitments are unwavering. We will continue to be responsible stewards of this special place, to care for our environment and its abundant resources; to perpetuate the unique culture of Hawaiâi, through âÅlelo Hawaiâi, music, and dance; and to embrace Hawaiâiâs common values of mÄlama and aloha in all we do.
We hope you enjoy our newest collection of West Side stories. Each offers an inspiring legacy of its own.
I reflect back over the past two decades with wonder and gratitude. And I look to the journey ahead with optimism and hope, for all of us and for our shared community of Ko Olina.
A hui hou,
Jeffrey R. Stone Master Developer, Ko Olina Resort
Hale is a publication that celebrates Oâahuâs leeward sideâa
place rich in diverse stories and home to Ko Olina Resort.
The leeward coast of Oâahu has bountiful traditions of gathering resources from the sea and land, and an abundance of cultural stories from the people who call this place home. In this issue, start near the shoreline and delight in the spirited camaraderie of a popular West Side surf contest, and then learn about a skillful hula step once thought lost to history. Follow along as we visit a renowned copper artist, a bustling farmers market, and a sacred valley. Then gaze upward as we marvel over a majestic starscape and the legends that glitter among it. Riches prevail here. Its people, places, and stories are endless treasures.
ABOUT THE COVER
The cover image of a koa outrigger canoe and a paddler was photographed at the annual Fatherâs Day Regatta in NÄnÄkuli by John Hook, an Oâahu-based photographer . This canoe, or waâa, belongs to Leeward Kai Canoe Club.
CEO & Publisher
Jason Cutinella
Web Developer Kimi Lung
Advertising
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Oceanwide Resort
Ko Olina Golf Club koolinagolf.com
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Ko Olina Station + Center koolinashops.com
The Resort Group theresortgroup.com KoOlina.com
Chief Creative Officer Lisa Yamada-Son lisa@NMGnetwork.com
Creative Director Ara Feducia
Editorial Director
Matthew Dekneef
Senior Editor
Rae Sojot
Associate Editor
Anna Harmon
Photography Director
John Hook
Photo Editor Samantha Hook
Designers
Michelle Ganeku Mitchell Fong
Editorial Assistant Eunica Escalante
Translations Yuzuwords
Media
Lead Producer Gerard Elmore
Video Producer Kyle Kosaki
Video Editor Shaneika Aguilar
Network Marketing Coordinator Aja Toscano
Group Publisher Mike Wiley mike@NMGnetwork.com
Marketing &
Advertising Executives
Chelsea Tsuchida Helen Chang
Sales Assistant Kylee Takata
Marketing & Sales Coordinator Hunter Rapoza
Operations
Chief Revenue Officer Joe V. Bock joe@NMGnetwork.com
VP Accounts Receivable Gary Payne gpayne@NMGnetwork.com
Operations Administrator Courtney Miyashiro
©2018 by Nella Media Group, LLC. Contents of Hale are protected by copyright and may not be reproduced without the expressed written consent of the publisher. Hale is the exclusive publication of Ko Olina Resort. Visit KoOlina.com for information on accommodations, activities, and special events.
Image by Josiah Patterson
âThe valley is a mama. Itâs about remembering our ancestors, our kÅ«puna, wherever they may be.â
Lynette Cruz, activist, MÄlama MÄkua
Image by Josiah Patterson
ãã¯ã¢ãžã®åž°é·
Makua
Homecoming
Text by Matthew Dekneef Images by Elyse Butler and Josiah Pattersonãªã¢ã島屿ã®è±ããªäŒèª¬ã«åœ©ãããè°·ããã¯ã¢ã»ãŽã¡ã¬ãŒããã©ã³ãã£ã¢ã°ã«ãŒã㮠人ã³ãšã¯ããã®æåçãªéèŠæ§ãããåºãåèªèãããããšãé¡ã£ãŠããŸãã
With each visit, a volunteer organization hopes to reawaken the larger community to the cultural power of one of Oâahuâs most legendary of valleys.
It is overcast on this early morning in MÄkua Valley. A heavy cloud lingering over the surrounding peaks and ridges releases showers of mist onto the valleyâs foothills. In a wide, grassy clearing, six tents are pitched around an open pavilion. Inside the structure, men, women, and children of all ages and ethnicities wrap rocks and seashells in tÄ« leaves to present as hoâokupu, or offerings, to the valley. By the siteâs entrance, a Hawaiian flag flaps in the wind.
âThis is really special here,â says Vince Kanaâi Dodge, who is standing barefoot at the edge of the pavilion looking toward the mountains and the cloudy scene they have harnessed. Dodge considers the land to be a shared ancestor. âYou almost never see her like this.â In a valley that has been a hot zone of native land rights disputes, the ominous weather is a cool respite for the eldest
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The nonprofit group MÄlama MÄkua was created in 1996. For two days a month and two overnight stays a year, the U.S. Army allows its volunteers to organize access tours and cultural experiences of MÄkua Valley, like Makahiki ceremonies that recognize the Hawaiian new year.
members of MÄlama MÄkua, a nonprofit dedicated to ensuring community access to what many consider a wahi pana, or sacred place, in Hawaiian culture. According to legend, itâs where man was born.
Since forming in 1996, MÄlama MÄkua and its members have engaged in heated battles over the landâs usage with the MÄkua Military Reservation, a U.S. Army facility that oversees the militaryâs 4,200 acres. The most significant of these disputesâa lawsuit filed in 1999 by the organization with Earthjustice attorney David Henkinâresulted in the temporary halting of live-fire training in the valley, commitments to more transparent environmental impact assessments by the Army, and a judicial order to clear unexploded ordnance from the region. The Army also spends upwards of $4 million
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annually to protect the 45-plus endangered species in MÄkua Valley, utilizing 20 field biologists and specialists to manage the frail ecosystem.
Both parties also agreed on partnering on a cultural access programâvisits with the intent of sharing the valleyâs historical and archaeological significanceâto MÄkuaâs sacred sites for two days a month and two overnight stays a year. At their most formal, these free, reservation-only visits organized by MÄlama MÄkua with the assistance of the Army honor ceremonies like the Makahiki, or Hawaiian New Year, with reverant practitioners wearing traditional regalia like kÄ«hei and malo (capes and loincloths). On other visits, like today, the curriculum is intentionally unstructured, with a few hikes through the valley and time spent huddled together in the pavilion playing card games, participants dressed in rainjackets and ponchos. âCultural access days are our days,â Dodge says. âFor us, itâs like visiting family. We bust out the âawa, play music, and just hang out.â
All these activities are practiced under the Armyâs watchful eyeâan officer in camouflage fatigues is always within sight and a certified unexploded ordnance technician accompanies each group visit. Safety is the primary concern, as the military fired munitions ranging from artillery shells to 1,000-pound bombs throughout the area. It was after the Pearl Harbor attack in 1941 that the Army quickly seized thousands of additional parcels in and around the valley for training, evicting ranchers who had been working and living there. Its mountainous, coastal terrain was also considered comparable to Japanese, Korean, and Okinawan beaches, which made the area
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Ma-kua Homecoming Located inside the valley is a heiau called KumuakuâÅpio, though nothing remains of the structure except a sand platform 120 by 100 feet that is about 20 feet higher than the surrounding land. The valley contains over 100 archaeological and historic sites. The Army has reopened access to 13 of them.
useful for training scenarios for combat readiness, until the early â70s. The valley is still valued by the military for its insulation from urban sprawl, which enables the simulation of training scenarios.
Supporters of MÄlama MÄkua see things differently. âThe valley is a mama,â says Lynette Cruz, a longstanding member of the organization. âItâs about remembering our ancestors, our kÅ«puna, wherever they may be.â Where Army commanders may have seen a passive target, MÄlama MÄkua members always saw a living family member. Moving forward, these cultural visits, in cooperation with the Army, aim to strengthen this native connection.
After members and volunteers perform a welcome oli (chant) and present their hoâokupu at an ahu (ceremonial shrine), they
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In a Hawaiian legend, MÄkua Valley is linked to Papa (the earth-mother) and WÄkea (the skyfather), who gave birth to the first man. The region has long been considered a sacred place to its people.
head with Army officials to KumuakuâÅpio. This heiau, a religious structure once thought to have been destroyed during the decades of military training, is situated in a gulch. The complex of rock walls reveals itself, starting with a towering slab of limestone riddled with ancient petroglyphs. The group stands at a distance and surveys the chiseled surface of dogs, lizards, and human figures with awe. A few of these carvings appear to be people with arms raised, as if in defiance, resisting thousands of years later.
æµ·è»ã®å®ãæ Life
Stewards of Seaweed
Text by Lindsey Kesel Images by
Josiah PattersonOgo is the catch of the day at
Waiâanae High Schoolâs Marine Science Learning Center,
where students practice aquaculture to save seaweed.
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In the coastal town of Waiâanae, almost everything is within a stoneâs throw of the ocean. In 1990, this logistical convenience inspired an epiphany from high school teacher Susan Lum: What better spot for young minds to learn the sea-farming techniques of ancient Hawaiâi than a high school hugged up against the Pacific?
With funding from the state legislature and site-strategy assistance from Oceanic Institute, the Waiâanae High School Marine Science Learning Center was built, complete with aquatic tanks and a saltwater well that taps seawater from
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the canal below the campus. Now, nearly three decades later, junior and senior students collaborate and problem-solve as they explore aquaculture, one of the most successful traditional Hawaiian practices.
At the learning center, students who have chosen marine science as their majors run saltwater, freshwater, and brackish water experiments year-round in the indooroutdoor lab and classroom facility. Dana Hoppe, the program coordinator, guides student-scientists through inquiry projects to test environmental variables that help the edible red seaweed known as Gracilaria parvispora, or ogo, thrive. While the students are also responsible for shrimp, mullet, and taro, ogo is the vital vehicle Hoppe uses to deliver her aquaculture curriculum.
Native to Hawaiâi and used in popular Hawaiian and Japanese dishes, this ogoâ which is short for âogonori,â the Japanese word for a large amount of âocean mossââ makes a convenient study subject since it can reproduce asexually, or via vegetative propagation. At one point, the plant was so prolific in the learning centerâs effluent water (the water recycled from the tanks back to the canal) that students were able to fund their field trips and workshops by selling it to stores and at farmers markets. But lately, warmer temperatures, overpicking, and pollution have left the ogo vulnerable to invasive seaweed.
âHaving the invasives introduced has been a boon to the program because it gives the kids a drive and a goal,â Hoppe says. Now students have their brains trained on figuring out how to âbioremediate the seed stock,â or save the seaweed. In 2017, they removed a layer of sediment and plant life in one section of the canal, then reseeded it with ogo. Their hypothesis that the invasives would steer clear of the sandy bottom was spot on: The ogo grew unencumbered for
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âOgo is valuable to our Waiâanae community, and being able to restore it in the ocean will bring back coral and native fish,â says former student Alex Totman-Rodrigues, who studies marine science at Leeward Community College and mentors classes at the learning center. Stewards of Seaweed
two months. Though the invasives eventually returned, this year, students intend to redo the experiment and adjust a few variables in hopes of permanently impeding the unwanted growth.
Next, Hoppe will be teaching students how to take mullet through their larval stages so the center can start a capture and release program. âWaiâanaeâour name comes from the âanae, the full-grown mullet,â Hoppe says. âJust like the ogo, our waters used to be rich with mullet.â
Hoppe aims to have her charges leave the Marine Science Learning Center with a heightened sense of their roles as stewards of their coast, their community, and the world at large. In the process, they collectively improve the marine environment.
For more information, visit whsmarinescience.wixsite.com/mslc or @waianaemslc on Instagram.
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A Food Makeover
Text by Martha Cheng Image by Josiah PattersonãŠãšã¹ããµã€ãã®ãã¡ãŒããŒãºããŒã±ãããããŒã±ã±ã»ããŒã±ãããã¯ã
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The MÄkeke Market, a farmers market on the West Side, supplies the community with a healthier and happier diet.
âHow can we be a food desert and be a food basket at the same time?â asks Alicia Higa. In Waiâanae, getting access to fresh fruits and vegetables is difficult, and yet the region grows produce to feed the rest of the island. âIt doesnât make sense for it to be that way. Itâs our job to figure out ways to keep more of our food out here and get our community healthier.â Higa is the director of health promotion and disease prevention at the nonprofit Waianae Coast Comprehensive Health Center. Itâs a daunting role. In the state, the Waiâanae population has one of the highest incidences of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease, all illnesses which can be partially attributed to a poor diet. Enter the MÄkeke Market in Waiâanae, which WCCHC began in 2008 to feed the community better.
In the decade since its inception, the farmers market has grown from 12 vendors to almost 40. On a recent Saturday morning, the joyful strumming of an âukulele emanated from the heart of the market, set up in the parking lot of Waianae Mall. Locals, some with children in tow, gathered to shop and eat, picking up poi from Pomai
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A Food Makeover
KÅ«lolo, and locally made cheese from Waiâanaeâs Naked Cow Dairy, and lining up at Big Wave Daveâs Quesadillas, which folds vegetables from the market and eggs from nearby Maili Moa farm into its tortillas. The venison steaks quickly disappeared from the cooler of Forage Hawaii, which sells fish and grass-fed meats, all locally sourced. A number of farmers offered produce harvested in Waiâanae, ranging from mangoes to salad greens.
Locally grown food in Hawaiâi is known to be more expensive than mainland imports because of economies of scale. But this Waiâanae market was the first farmers market on the island to accept SNAP/EBT (formerly known as food stamps), and it doubles peopleâs EBT when they purchase fresh fruits, vegetables, meats, and poi, effectively making the purchase of such produce âbuy one, get one freeâ while farmers get paid full price. This is a win-win for farmer and consumer, making healthy food more affordable for the economically disadvantaged while farmers still get a fair amount for their efforts.
Thereâs a lot to be proud of in Waiâanae, and the markets are a showcase of this. Take MAâO Farms, a vendor here since the beginning, which sells salad greens and vegetables like fennel and Hakurei turnips. The farm is a nonprofit with an innovative model that offers high-schoolers college scholarships in exchange for on-the-farm training, simultaneously growing food, growing health, and growing youth.
MÄkeke Waiâanae at Waianae Mall, Saturdays from 8 a.m. to noon. MÄkeke Kapolei at Kapolei High School, Thursdays from 3 to 6:30 p.m.
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Pear, gorgonzola & walnut pizza with béchamel & honey
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âWe are on the map and it shows that it is important for our âÅlelo to be heard across the world.â
Auliâi Cravalho, actress and voice of Moana
Image by Josiah Patterson
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For celestial aficionados, the leeward coast offers prime stargazing opportunities. Once west, the only thing left to do is look up.
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Textby Rae Sojot Images by John Hook
For millennia, Polynesians navigated the Pacific Ocean by its swells, cues from nature, and the celestial bodies above. Hawaiian starlines, or star families, of today were created by modern voyagers drawing from the deep ancestral knowledge left by their Polynesian predecessors, explains NASA ambassador Greg McCartney, owner of guided stargazing tour Stars Above Hawaii.
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One starline, named Kaiwikuamoâo, or the Backbone, runs from HÅkÅ«paâa (the North Star) to HÄnaiakamalama (the Southern Cross). With it, todayâs voyagers determine the latitude of the Hawaiian Islands. âImagine in 400, 500 A.D. how many lives were lost voyaging out on the ocean during open-ocean storms,â says McCartney, who is also a member of the Polynesian Voyaging Society. âThis starline is in honor of all the ancestors who made that journey from other islands to Hawaiâi.â
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Like the Greeks and Romans, Polynesians shaped stories from the stars. One such tale features the brave feats of Kaulu, whose brother Kaeha had been abducted by a malevolent king. Enduring numerous battles, Kaulu reaches the king and demands the whereabouts of his brother. The king tells Kaulu to seek out Kukamaulunuiakea, the Chief of the Sharks, who in turn offers Kaulu a sinister invitation: Kaehu is inside his stomachâwould Kaulu like to join him?
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Knowing better than to be eaten by the great shark, Kaulu seizes the Chief of Sharks by the jaws and wrenches them wide, allowing his brother to escape the bowels of the beast. Kaulu then grabs the Chief of Sharks and hurls him against the sky. When the sharkâs body hits the heavens, he shatters into a million glittering pieces. The luminous, white streak left behind is called Lalani, also known as the Milky Way.
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Though stars are essentially spheres of gas radiating heat and light, they have long been sources of creative inspiration, exquisite intersections between poetry and science. During its lifetime, a star fuses hydrogen to helium, and then turns this helium into oxygen and carbon, and so forth down the periodic table, potentially even producing heavier elements like gold, copper, and zinc along the way. When it collapses, the resulting explosion seeds the universe with those elements, including the ones found in the human body. For those who delight in the romance of science, take note: In essence, humans are made of stardust. Says McCartney, âWe are children of the stars.â
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A Hula Unearthed
With one of hulaâs most athletic and ancient dances, the men of Ke Kai O Kahiki excavate the fundamentals of the formâs multi-layered tradition.
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Text by Matthew Dekneef Images by IJfke Ridgley
A hand slices through the air. In concert with the foot, leg extended and parallel to the arm, it thrusts forward in a precise, singular movement. Matching the hollow thud of a wooden gourd, hands and feet travel to the absolute reaches of their limbs, return to center across the mouth and groin, then repeat. Suddenly, the hula dancers, all men and all in recline, rise from the ground in a single sweeping motion, bodies hovering and balanced on a single arm and foot. Uprooted, they sway, accelerating to a crescendo of eruptive backbends, as their sculpted bodies quake like mountains of their own making.
This is hula âÅhelo, a brisk and energetic dance that is rarely seen today.
At LanikÅ«honua, a parcel of land on Oâahuâs West Side where Ke Kai O Kahiki trains, the male hÄlau performs its impressive and peculiar movements to the percussive chant âTÅ« âOe.â The kÄne aim to perfect the pulsing rhythm of this âÅhelo, the distinctive âseesawâ of the dance (also the meaning of the word, âÅhelo), before progressing into more complex floor work. One doesnât have to be fluent in hulaâs nuances to gather that it is an especially difficult and disciplined dance.
When Ke Kai O Kahiki first performed âTÅ« âOe,â for the kahiko night of the
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Merrie Monarch Festival, the famed hula competition held annually on Hawaiâi Island, in 2009, it blew open casual notions about what hula is and what it looks like by employing explicitly athletic, masculine motions. With it, the hÄlau swept the competition, winning the yearâs overall title and becoming an instant Merrie Monarch classic. It is watched and rewatched by hula enthusiasts the world over to this dayâan online search for it is easy to find (itâs the video with more than 1.5 million views on YouTube). More notable, though, is how it reveals an excavation of dance movements many spectators had not even known existed in the canon of hula.
âThe motions were so unusual, learning it for the first time was like wiping the slate clean,â says Laâakea Perry, who was the lead dancer during that performance nine years ago. Even with two decades of hula experience to his name, all spent under the tutelage of Ke Kai O Kahiki and the late OâBrian Eselu, its founding kumu hula, Perry initially found the âÅhelo strange and uncomfortable. The unfamiliar steps, strung into exacting sequences and requiring constant refinement, test both agility and strength. âWe trained one year for that âÅhelo,â Perry remembers. âIn all my hula learning, the dance and its movements were something Iâd never done before, and
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now Iâll never forget how to do.â
Prior to its Merrie Monarch debut, the last documented public performance of hula âÅhelo may have been more than 150 years prior. In a brief chapter in Unwritten Literature of Hawaii, historian Nathaniel B. Emerson describes a vague account of its display to the year 1856 in âEwa. It is accompanied by a mele maâi, or a procreation chant, which celebrates the proliferation of future generations of aliâi. But, even without this awareness, the viewer is coaxed toward the danceâs fertility themes by the gestures themselves: the men, minimally clothed, are in recline; the leaned body pushes, prods, thrusts; the finale peaks with a tantric climax.
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Reawakened is perhaps a more suitable word than rediscovered when tracing hula âÅheloâs trajectory. Like many Hawaiian customs suppressed under missionary authority, hula continued to persist secretively through unwavering practitioners. Its spiritual and ritualistic nature, incongruent with the conservatism of the centuryâs new societal influence, left hula at constant risk of erasure. Because of its strong sexual connotations, the genus of hula âÅhelo was even more vulnerable. With each passing generation, its movements grew increasingly austere.
When Eselu first heard of hula âÅhelo, he was determined to learn it, then teach it. His guiding vision
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for his all-male troupe was to push the boundaries and biases about men who practice hulaâa sentiment that culminates in the hÄlauâs hula âÅhelo, which emphasizes fluid hip movements combined with âai haâa, an emphatic style that involves dancing very low to the floor, often in a fullsquat position. âOur style is often described as bombastic,â says Perry, now the kumu hula of Ke Kai O Kahiki. âVery warrior-like.â
Despite its arduousness, hula âÅhelo prides, above all else, a story. Its rousing athleticism enlivens its audience, because hula is in itself a physical embodiment of symbols and metaphoric imagery, inundating the viewer with richly detailed accounts of gods, of nature, of its people. The danceâno step, bend, nod, or sway is arbitrary or ornamentalâis more than mere choreography. It gives literal shape to the oral tradition on which it is based and is a connection of the Hawaiian people to a sacred realm and identity elemental to the soul of the islands. Under this context, consciously or unconsciously, hula âÅhelo electrifies what makes hula so affecting at its core in this present day: to witness the power and poetry of reclamation in motion.
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The Language of Moana
It took heart, mind, intellect, and passion to translate Disneyâs Moana into the Hawaiian language.
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Textby Jade Snow
Images by Michelle Mishina and Skye Yonamine
The
Language of Moana
Eighty-one years after Walt Disney Animation Studios released its first feature film, its Polynesian-inspired Moana set new records with the most global translations of any Disney film. Among the 46 translations are Spanish, German, French, te reo MÄori, and, for the first time, âÅlelo Hawaiâi, the Hawaiian language. For many of the players involved in the translation, the task was a daunting challenge, the first of its kind. After decades of cultural oppression that forced the Hawaiian language to be spoken in hushed whispers, âÅlelo Hawaiâi found its voice
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Left, Chris Lee, executive producer. Right, KamakakÄhau Fernandez, voice of Tamatoa. Previous page, Kalehua Kawaâa, voice of Gramma Tala.
The Language of Moana
in the 1970s, and is reaching new heights through outlets like Moana. For Chris Lee, the executive producer of the translated film, this was exactly the kind of project he envisioned when he returned home to Oâahu after 27 years in Hollywood and established University of Hawaiâiâs Academy for Creative Media System. âMoana is the epitome of a project coming together across the system,â he says. âWe had students, faculty, and cast from five different UH campuses and worked with five different programs to translate, manage, cast, record, and mix this film.â
Created as an educational project to perpetuate âÅlelo Hawaiâi, the translation brought together local producers, educators, and actors to breathe new life into the film. Tammy HailiâÅpua Baker, co-founder of Hawaiian-language theater group Ka HÄlau Hanakeaka, oversaw casting and directed dialogue for the film. She explained that while voicing animation was new to most of the cast members, all had performance experience through theater, hula, or singing, and many had finessed their acting skills and fluency in âÅlelo Hawaiâi through Ka HÄlau Hanakeaka plays.
The translation process itself was led by Puakea Nogelmeier, director of
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The Language of Moana
UH MÄnoaâs Institute of Hawaiian Language Research and Translation, and a team of four Hawaiian-language graduate students. The translation required a rigorous process that reflected the nuance of the language. In four short months, the team translated more than 10,000 words through several drafts. The first was the immediate Hawaiian translation, which they re-drafted to match the English scriptâs syllabic count. It was redrafted a final time to match the charactersâ lip movements onscreen. Throughout the process, any particular scene could require their team to immediately pause and debate wording. Before each draft was completed, they wrestled with the social and cultural implications of their decisions. For some translations, they had 40 options for a particular number of syllables, and they ruminated for hours to decide the best fit.
âIt becomes the New York Times crossword puzzle without a light on,â Nogelmeier says with a laugh. Musical compositions were equally challenging for Nogelmeier and UH West Oâahu ethnomusicologist Aaron SalÄ, who served as musical director. âPart of the challenge was not only maintaining the integrity of the preexisting musical score, but to also maintain the integrity of Hawaiian music,â
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to perpetuate the hawaiian language, actors, producers, and practitioners breathe new life into the film.
The Language of Moana
Nogelmeier says. The song âYouâre Welcome,â originally performed by Dwayne âThe Rockâ Johnson, proved to be particularly difficult. In English, the phrase âyouâre welcomeâ is used âwhether youâre thanking someone for stepping out of your way or for saving your life,â Nogelmeier explains. But in âÅlelo Hawaiâi, there are eight ways one can be thanked, and each is dictated by the setting and severity of the situation. They ultimately decided to forego the phrase altogether, and found instead another appropriate way to express the characterâs sentiment. âYouâll notice in the song that Mauiâs not actually saying âyouâre welcomeâ in Hawaiian, heâs saying, âI did it for you,â and that really worked well,â he says.
Nogelmeier and his team are proud of their results. âEvery one of those songs has its own integrity if youâve never heard the English version,â he says. âIt is a Hawaiian song, and we feel really good about that.â
Moana made its worldwide debut in âÅlelo Hawaiâi in summer 2018, on the beach fronting Disneyâs Aulani Resort. The community came out to celebrate and meet Moana herself, Hawaiâi native Auliâi Cravalho, who reprised her role for the translation. On the evening of the debut, standing on the blue carpet amid family and fans alike,
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The Language of Moana
she was overwhelmed with emotion.
âWe are on the map,â she said, âand it shows that it is important for our âÅlelo to be heard across the world.â
Educators are eager to establish curriculum around the translated film.
âI hope that this project is a stepping stone for more Hawaiian-language films to be produced,â Baker says. âIt is important for us to make our own films and to tell our own moâolelo (stories) in âÅlelo Hawaiâi, both onstage and onscreen. No longer do we have to look across the water. We can look inside at our own people for inspiration.â
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Left, Auliâi Cravalho, voice of Moana. Previous page, master navigator Nainoa Thompson and ethnomusicologist Aaron SalÄ.
A surf journalist discovers the heart and soul of MÄkaha at the annual Buffaloâs Big Board Surfing Classic.
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Text by Beau Flemister
Images by John Hook and Haâa Keaulana
I am not totally positive, but I am 95 percent certain the lowered Toyota Tacoma PreRunner V6 Iâm following around MÄâili Point on Oâahuâs west side is headed to the right place. The giant Hui Nalu Canoe Club decal on the tailgate is a dead giveaway, and the halfdozen other bumper stickers, including a comical âI Take Care of My Beaches,â also hint to the driverâs destination.
Indeed, the Tacoma guides me to MÄkaha Beach, ground zero for the annual Buffaloâs Big Board Surfing Classic, a two-weekend wave-riding event like none other on the face of the Earth. Sure, there are surf contests in nearly every nation with a coastline, but this is one of those âonly in Hawaiâiâ type of deals. Actually, scratch thatâone quickly learns this is an âonly on the West Sideâ type of deal.
Thereâs a deep level of community commitment at this contest. I realize this shortly after parking, as I enter the small city of colorful pop-up tents lining the shoreline and shading extended families, surf crafts of all shapes and sizes, hibachi grills, massage tables, and fishing gear. This scene stretches south a half mile from the lifeguard station. At MÄkaha, the community sets up shop for the weekend of the classic. Itâs unlike
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The Watermanâs Olympics
anything Iâve seen at any other event in the world in more than a decade of covering surf competitions, Vans Triple Crown of Surfing included.
Making my way through the technicolor tent city, I peer out at the brilliant, electric-blue West Side waters and spot a handful of Native Hawaiian surf celebrities, from rising World Tour professional Ezekiel Lau to longboarding legend Duane DeSoto, sliding around on alaia (traditional wood surfboards). Over the loudspeaker, a playful voice talks to the crowd in Hawaiian Pidgin between contest commentary, urging
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everyone to pick up any trash before they leave. A team of five smiling guys and girls drags an outrigger canoe toward the sea, likely prepping for a canoe-surf heat.
There is a lot going on, but at the moment, Iâm searching for Brian Keaulana, a celebrated waterman and the eventâs organizer. He is also one of Buffaloâsâthe Buffaloâ sons. Richard âBuffaloâ Keaulana is the 82-year-old patriarch of West Side surfing, winner of the 1960 MÄkaha International, which was then considered the unofficial world championship of surfing. He is often referred to as the mayor of MÄkaha. Featured in a number of surf films, and an inductee of the Surfing Walk of Fame in Huntington Beach, Buffalo is a Hawaiian icon and living legend. He even served as steersman on the maiden voyage of the seafaring canoe HÅkÅ«leâa to Tahiti in 1976.
I find Brian Keaulana under a tent, where he is surrounded by nieces and nephews but has his eyes glued to the sea. While we chat, he simultaneously speaks to me and communicates with water safety patrol via walkie-talkie. This display of dexterity shouldnât surprise me; besides his own father, no one knows these waters better than Keaulana. I ask him how this all started more than four decades ago.
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âItâs just MÄkaha,â he shrugs, like that explains everything. âThatâs just how MÄkaha is. Duane DeSoto and I talk about this a lot. Both of us in our generations grew up in a MÄkaha like this, so we want to keep that and pass it onto future generations. Which is exactly what this event is about. Itâs about sharing those cultural skills and knowledge and sense of sport. Plus, over here, everybody watches each otherâs kids. Itâs so family-oriented. The connection here ⊠itâs like: Weâre not divided by land, weâre connected by water.â
Over the decades, MÄkaha has become a laboratory of sorts for surf-related ocean sports and techniques: The rescue Jet Ski, rescue sleds, SUPsquatch (a standup paddleboard big enough to hold a crew of people), and ocean surf safety itself were all conceived here. Buffaloâs Big Board Surfing Classic evolved from a grassroots open-division event with five winners who won âipu gourd trophies into a 13-division wave-riding extravaganza stretching over two spring weekends. It is this lineup of events that is perhaps the most unique aspect of the Classic. Beyond the normal menâs and womenâs open surfing divisions, there are the hilarious five-person SUPsquatch and tandem Bullyboard divisions, the body-positive 250-pounds-and-over division (with weigh-ins on the beach),
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The Watermanâs Olympics
and the more culturally significant divisions, including those that feature traditional wooden surf craft like paipo and alaia, and the event for heâe waâa, or canoe surfing.
âThe canoe division is probably the most prided because itâs the most cultural,â Keaulana says. The first vessel to actually surf a wave wasnât the surfboard, Keaulana explains, but the canoe. âWhen the canoes used to go out to catch fish, theyâd surf the waves back in, through the break, so this division is both carrying on that tradition and taking it to another level of performance.â
When there is a lull of waves in a heat, one of the commentators calls for volunteer competitors for an impromptu coconut-husking event. Two eager young men dart past us to the tent. On the loudspeakerâs mark, they furiously husk the fruit using a stake to the cheers and chee-hoos of laughing onlookers.
âItâs really about the community and family,â Keaulana says, with his outstretched arms pointing opposite ways, âand everyone getting together and enjoying the beach. This is what the Leeward side is really all about. Like, the heart and soul of this side: Itâs right here, right now. And thatâs a special thing.â
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Heavy Metal Master
Drawn to the spiritual and elemental energy of Hawaiâi, a copper artist sculpts largescale pieces with peaceful
messages.
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Text and images by IJfke Ridgley
Far back in Waiâanae Valley lies an oasis of calm and abundance that copper sculptor Muthukumaru Sooriyakumar calls home. The largest stalks of apple bananas I have ever seen bow low to the ground next to mango trees bursting with deep-purple fruit. Young, seasonal farmhands wade through waist-high kale, collecting food for the communal dinner.
Sooriya, as he is called by those who know him, walks barefoot among the foliage. He leads me through the maze of his farm, Mouna Farm Arts and Cultural Village, tending to small altars tucked under the trees as we pass, until we reach his workshop. Sheets of copper and rolls of sketches stand next to photos of the gurus, yogis, and family members who have led him through life.
âBefore any work, I bless the piece of copper,â Sooriya says. âWhile I work, I chant mantras. Spirituality and art are inexplicably linked, and my work is intended to inspire the divine in peopleâs hearts.â
Sooriya grew up in a prominent, academic Tamil family that lived in a tiny village on Mannar Island off the northwest coast of Sri Lanka. As a young boy, he was more interested in
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from tropical plants to religious iconography, nature and the divine are inextricably linked in the artistâs copper sculptures.
art than academic studies, fascinated by the rhythmic sounds of sculptors chipping at stones at the local Shiva temple. Later, he studied various artistic mediums in India under a guru who came from a long lineage of sculptors. From there, he traveled to Europe by land, which brought him into contact with Hindu, Persian, and European art.
Over the years, Sooriya has made custom artwork depicting tropical plants, sea life, and religious iconography for clients all over the world, from Europe to the Pacific, India to Canada. He works in wood, stone, steel, and casting, but copper remains his favorite medium. âIt gives light and brightness,â he explains. âCopper is very healing.â
The artist has lived in Waiâanae for 35 years and feels a great affinity for Hawaiâi and its people. As he shows me around the Native Hawaiian Traditional Healing Center at Waianae Coast Comprehensive Health Center, everyone greets him by name. He leads me to his latest works, two prominent copper pieces hanging on the outside walls of the clinic. One depicts a hoâokupu, a Hawaiian tÄ« leaf offering, and the other tells the Hawaiian
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legend of the naupaka plant that grows in the mountains and by the sea.
For Sooriya, it has been important to give back to Hawaiâi, both through his art and his generosity to the community, because the islands welcomed him with aloha. âI connected with my soul, everything from the mountains to the ocean,â he says.
Sooriya aims for âsimple living and high thinking.â His home is a 10-foot by 10-foot structure at the farm, where he lives the modest life of a sadhu, a Hindu ascetic, as he did in India. At 69 years old, Sooriya is still working, though he is hoping to take it a little slower. For him, âslowerâ means running his farm, from which he provides food to all who come at no cost; working in Sri Lanka on a village temple and a school for orphans; and writing a book on spirituality and forgiveness.
Sooriya also plans to bring together the Leeward community to help him create a new project, Kohola Ola, The Whale That Gives Life, which he intends to be the worldâs largest mother and calf whale sculpture. He hopes to have it made and displayed at the future Agnes Kalanihoâokaha Cope
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Community Center in the NÄnÄkuli Hawaiian Homestead. The late Cope was Sooriyaâs hÄnai (adopted) mother, and he had promised her he would create something meaningful for the people she so loved.
Finishing a piece of art brings tears of happiness and gratitude to Sooriya. âWhen you work with your heart, you become one with everything, you give your mana (spirit), you give your love,â he says. For Sooriya, making art is more than creating something beautiful. It is his way of growing peace in the world.
For more information on Sooriyaâs whale project, visit koholaola.org. For more about his farm, visit mounafarm.org.
Image by John Hook
âOur song touches people in a way that makes them reevaluate where they live and what theyâre doing in their lifeâand how they can create a better place.â
Angela Morales, musician, Na Leo
Image by John Hook
Leeward Kai Canoe Club: The Waâa Speaks
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by Kylie YamauchiMeâe means âheroâ in Hawaiian. Thirty-four years ago, I was given this name by Henry âBaldyâ Van Gieson after being sculpted out of a koa tree. Since my creation, however, Iâve become convinced that the real heroes are not waâa (canoes) like myself but rather their caretakers. My caretakers are the paddlers of Leeward Kai Canoe Club. Their meticulous hands put together my intricate rigging before every regatta and remove every grain of sea salt from my hull after. Theyâve also given me NÄnÄkuli Beach, which contains some of the purest sand and clearest waters in all of Hawaiâi, to call kuâu home (my home).
The annual Fatherâs Day Regatta that takes place here is hosted by my caretakers, as it has been since 1968. Today, June 17, is the 50th year of the event. Many paddlers and waâa arrive beforehand, spreading moâolelo (stories) and laughter along the shore. I relish their recollections of memorable races, which they occasionally pause to greet paddlers from other clubs who are
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passing by. Although the camaraderie continues, today, weâll be competing against each other in outrigger canoe races, as our Hawaiian ancestors did.
Leeward Kai Canoe Club was founded by âBaldyâ and his wife, Edith Van Gieson, or âAuntie Edie,â in 1967. Many of the youth who regularly swam in the waters of NÄnÄkuli joined the club out of curiosity, never having seen six people navigate a sleek vessel with such athleticism. As Auntie Edie hoped, paddling offered community and direction to those coming from less fortunate situations. Many would later become parents, their children tagging along to practices and regattas until they could compete. In the early years, the greatest concern was not being able to maintain a club status, since they only had 20 paddlers. Now, there are more keiki paddlers than seats for them to race in.
I feel the children surround me now, their hands resting on my manu ihu (nose), manu hope (tail), moâo (gunnel), and âiako (outrigger boom). I sense the youthful anticipation in their fingers; they are likely nervous about their races, which are earlier in the day. But their touch is gentle, and many of the older ones are trying to communicate with me, all asking in their own ways that I do my best today. The elder
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paddlers have taught them well to treat me as an equal, if not more important, teammate. Treat your waâa well, and your waâa will treat you well. As we continue to work together, they will better understand my mannerisms, learning to adopt the slower stroke rate with which I perform best and holding the une (lever) longer in turns.
Al Van Giesonâs steersman voice brings me out of my reveries, as it does the young paddlers. At 37 years old, Al Van Gieson, the grandson of Baldy and Auntie Edie, has become the caretaker of Leeward Kai Canoe Club. When his face breaks into a smile, as it frequently does without warning, I still see the kolohe (rascal) kid who used to be scolded for climbing over the waâa. But since then, Iâve watched him grow into becoming the clubâs head coach. He certainly knows how to inspire and encourage the keiki paddlers. Al always gives the last word before the start of the race and the first high-fives after its finish.
Itâs time to begin the opening ceremony. A thousand eyes rest on me as Iâm carried down the shore, about to be the first waâa in the water. The opening ceremonies of other regattas usually donât include a paddle-out, so I feel honored to be in
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ours. My caretakers gradually disperse as I get further out into the water until only six are left, Al included, to take their seats. The feeling of isolation grows as we leave behind the hum of the beach, only the rhythmic sound of paddles entering and exiting the water remaining. Weâre approaching the sacred place where Baldy rests, and I feel as if Iâm going to meet an old friend. I can almost hear him say, âAloha, Meâe. Long time, ah?â
As the paddlers wind off and I begin to sway gently, the atmosphere becomes rife with spiritual presence. I hear Al and his crew try to steady their breathing. I sense my caretakers on the shore calm their eager spirits. I perceive Auntie Edie searching for me in the distance. And all at once, I feel a hundred prayers being channeled through me into the ocean depths below.
For those interested in paddling and joining Leeward Kai Canoe Club, email leewardkaicanoeclub@gmail.com.
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Angela Morales: Best Coast
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As told to Natalie Schack
Images by Josiah Patterson and IJfke Ridgley
Nani âo Waiâanae
He âaina nani âo Waiâanae
I aloha nui âia e ka la KÄ«lakila mai âo Kaâala
âAâahu i ka lani âaluna
âOluâolu wale nÅ na kupa
Me ka pÄ mai a ke Kaiaulu
âAâala e ka wai o âEku
Me ka mailelaulâiliâi o uka
I ka nohona i Kaneana
Hoâohei âo Maui i ka lÄ
Ia Manaiakalani
No Hina ka makua aloha e
Aia ia ka lae o Kaâena
Heahea ana i nÄ hiâilei
I kuâua i ka lani akea
I ka leina kapu ka âuhane
Maâawe lani na âeleua
I ka pae o ke ao âopua
Huakaâi i ke ano ahiahi
I kuhia e Makanikeoe
Puana âia no ka âaina nani
I aloha nui âia e ka lÄ
KÄ«lakila mai âo Kaâala
âAâahu i ka lani âaluna
Beautiful Waiâanae
Waiâanae is a beautiful land
So loved by the sun
Majestic is Kaâala
Cloaked in the afternoon sky
Pleasant are the people
Like the touching of the Kaiaulu wind
Sweet waters of âEku
And the dainty maile of the uplands
While at Kaneana
Maui snared the sun
By Manaiakalani (sacred hook)
For Hina, his beloved mother
Behold the cape of Kaâena
Calling the beloved ones
Released into the vast heavens
At the sacred leap of the spirits
The ancestors tread the heavenly path
Amongst the billowing cloud banks
It is an evening journey
Led (directed) by Makanikeoe (Wind God)
Told for the beautiful land
So loved by the sun
Majestic is Kaâala
Cloaked in the afternoon sky
About Angela Morales
With more than 25 years of experience in the entertainment industry, Angela Morales is best known as a member of the recording group Na Leo Pilimehana. She is also a performer and the live music coordinator at Aulani, a Disney Resort & Spa. Morales is a mother of four and happy to report that all her children love music. She lives in Waiâanae.
Portrait image courtesy of Angela Morales
Throughout Na Leoâs musical journey, weâve come across many different people, Hawaiian artists and cultural experts, if you will. The song âNani âo Waiâanaeâ came to the table when considering mele to do for our album, and I really wanted to share that particular song because of the importance of sharing with people what Waiâanae is all about. This particular song was written by Kenneth MakuakÄne, Manu Boyd, and Robbie Cabral, and I think the goal was to capture the essence and the beauty of Waiâanae.
I live out in the Waiâanae community. I love âNani âo Waiâanaeâ because of the beauty that the song brings to the community, talking about how beautiful the land is and how we are the last ones to see the sun set and such; how the people are truly warm and welcoming. I feel that the song really is a representation of what Waiâanae was back in the times of ancient Hawaiâi, and what it continues to be now. The legends depicted in the song are still proudly shared because they are legends of Waiâanae. Kaâena is still that sacred place for a lot of people: Some people scatter ashes there, some people go there to reflect, some go there to make important decisions. The song just truly describes what the community of Waiâanae is about.
At my age now, Iâm trying to immerse myself in a lot of our history here in Hawaiâi. You know, what are the legends of the places, and what are the stories you hear, not only in book-learning but if youâre sitting with kÅ«puna and they tell
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you stories that they heard from their grandparents. Just knowing that there was so much activity in Waiâanae, that our ancestors thrived here, that every ahupuaâa flourished and the communities took care of each otherâI think thatâs my favorite part of the song, having that ancestral tie to the people that walked this community before me.
Thereâs one part in the song where it talks about âthe ancestors tread the heavenly path amongst the billowing cloud banks, it is an evening journey led by the makani (the winds).â I like that, because I feel as a people we need to not only move forward, but we need to remember our past, so that we can move forward and be stronger. And, to remember the simple things in life, like the fact that I can go down to the beach and just sit and breathe and close my eyes and enjoy the warmth of the sun, even when the sun is setting, and the water, which is two minutes away from my home. You know, a lot of people donât get that in other parts of the world.
I think the music of the communityâthe music of Waiâanae and of NÄnÄkuli and of MÄkaha and of MÄâili and even of Ko Olinaâall that music can definitely bring a sense of pride and a sense of continuing to thrive. I would hope that our mele touches people in a way that makes them reevaluate where they live and what theyâre doing in their lifeâand how they can create a better place.
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Kahunui Foster: Star Student
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Text and images by Kahunui Foster
Whenever someone I met at Harvard would ask me where Iâm from, I would proudly say, âHawaiâi,â and smile at the look of shock and wonder that appeared on their face. Another question always seemed to followââOh! Did you go to the same school as Obama?ââand I would have to explain that no, I went to public school for 18 years in a small town on the West Side of Oâahu called Waiâanae. After that, the conversation about Hawaiâi usually went no further than the other person telling me about the vacation their family took to Maui when they were little, but I would feel a certain sense of satisfaction in knowing that Hawaiâi was more than a vacation destination for me, that it was home.
Being from Waiâanae, and being the first person from Waiâanae High School in 30 years to go to Harvard University, has meant creating my own path. My family has struggled financially, but I was always told working hard could change things, so I decided to work hard in school. I credit most of my success to Searider Productions and the tireless efforts of the teachers and advisors running one of the most successful high school media programs in the country. On a small island, in a small town, Searider Productions is making sure that students at Waiâanae High School know that no opportunity is out of their reach. They gave me the tools I needed to succeed and pushed me at every turn to get outside of my comfort zone. In this program, I got my first taste of international travel on a sponsored trip to China. (Since then, Iâve visited 25 states and five countries.)
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I learned how to tell real stories about real people, which has helped me to tell my own story. And I was able to fail without fear, because we were taught that hard work was more important than success. Searider Productions made it easy for me to take a chance on myself and apply to a college that I never imagined would take a chance on me.
Getting accepted to Harvard was without a doubt one of the most pivotal points in my life, but unlike most people would think, I got there because of the fact that Iâm from Waiâanae, not in spite of it. I would not have learned the same value of hard work nor developed a passion for other people had I grown up anywhere else. These lessons continue to help me every day. Now Iâm getting the chance to live out my wildest dreams, and Iâm excited to keep answering the question, âWhere are you from?â wherever these dreams take me.
Mahina
shopmahina.com @mahinakoolina (808) 773-7071
Conveniently located in Ko Olina Center, Mahina is like shopping in your most fashion-forward friendâs closet: a perfectly edited collection of soft, breezy sundresses, stylish tops, and subtle-yet-striking accessories. We firmly believe in the philosophy of good vibes and the spirit of aloha, which to us means that the more positive energy we radiate into the world, the more love, kindness, and happiness comes back in return. We put our words into practice by charging a fair price for our merchandise, by treating our employees and customers with kindness and friendliness, ultimately considering them our âohana, or family. Stop by your local Mahina to experience this unique shopping experience. Additional locations on Oâahu, Maui, Hawaiâi Island, and Kauaâi.
Pizza Corner
pizzacornerhawaii.com (808) 380-4626
Inspired by legendary New York City pizzerias, this family-owned restaurant specializes in hand-tossed thin crust pizza with ingredients made fresh on premises daily. Pizza Corner offers traditional and not so traditional toppings for visitors and residents for dine-in, take-away, or delivery. Save time by ordering online, and your pizza will be ready for pick up!
Image by Josiah Patterson