Pannonica's Nightmare on Route 13

Nicholas Fagnilli

Pannonica's Nightmare on Route 13 for clarinet and piano

2

Special thanks to Eb Dunn for providing ofďŹ cially archived newspaper articles

3

4

Program Notes Baronness Kathleen Annie Pannonica de Koenigswarter, known by a great many variations upon that name, was famous for her patronage towards many jazz musicians, including Thelonious Monk, who has enraptured my ears with his playing since I was nine years old.

The title of this piece refers to an incident that occured on October 15, 1958, in my hometown of Wilmington, Delaware. The Baroness and Monk were en route to a gig in Baltimore when they were stopped by State Troopers. A small amount of marijuana was found in the trunk of the Bentley in which they were travelling, for which the Baroness took the rap and spent the night in jail. This did not stop the Police, however, from dragging Monk out of the car and beating him twice that night.

Monk was a frequent victim of police harassment and brutality. His cabaret card was revoked on two occasions- separate arrests in 1948 and 1951. But this 1958 arrest would prove to be one of his most brutal encounters with police.

I hope that this piece speaks to the injustice suffered by the great Thelonious Monk and so many other jazz musicians and Black Americans. We continue to live in dangerous times, and if it were not for music, I would feel powerless as a white man to speak up against such events.

-Feb. 19, 2018

This piece was premiered on March 23rd, 2018 at Ithaca College

by Madeline DeNoďŹ o, clarinet; and the composer at the piano.

5

NOTES ON THE COMPOSITIONAL MATERIAL As an homage to my favorite piano player, this piece contains many musical references to Thelonious Monk's music. The performer or analyst will find quotes from a number of Monk heads peppered throughout the piece. This includes extensive use of a twelvetone row that I derived by stringing together melodic cells from three different Monk compositions:

C# D B

A# E D# F C G# F# A G

The first four notes are derived from "Epistrophy," the next four from "Well You Needn't," and the final four from "Pannonica." While this piece is certainly not atonal, its central structural elements are the sets which make up this row.

6

Abridged Transcript of The state of Delaware v. Nica de koenigswarter

January 19, 1962.

Clement C. Wood, Cheif Deupty Atty. Gen., for State.

John J. Morris, Jr., and Aruthur J. Sullivan, of Morris, James, Hitchens & Williams, Wilmington, and Robert L. Weinberg, of Williams & Stein, Washington, D.C., for the defendant.

CHRISTIE, Judge.

On October 15, 1958, the defendant was arrested and charged with the unauthorized possession of a narcotic drug in violation of 16 Del.C. ss. 4702(a). She was tried without a jury in the Court of Common Pleas and found guilty. She has appealed to the Superior Court where she is entitled to a trial de novo. A pretrial motion to suppress the evidence here discussed was considered on affidavits and denied by this Court. In the course of the trial before a jury the State sought to introduce a substance alleged to be marijuana which had been seized from defendant's luggage.

Defendant objected on the ground that such evidence was obtained as a result of an illegal search contrary to her right against unreasonable searches under the Constitutions of Delaware and of the United States.

The Court heard extensive testimony outside the presence of the jury. Only some of the significant facts here are mentioned.

The undisputed evidence shows on October 15, 1958, defendant had stopped her car in front of a motel on U.S. Route 13 south of Wilmington in order that Thelonious Monk, one of her passengers, could get a drink of water. At this point a State trooper appeared and questioned Monk. Monk did not reply to the trooper's questions, and defendant explained that Monk was sick.

With the apparent approval of the tropper, defendant started to drive on toward Baltimore. The tropper followed and stopped defendant, demanding that Monk get out of the car. Monk refused to get out and asked "why the hell" he should do so, or used words to that effect. The trooper was angry by then and informed Monk he was under arrest. It was not clear whether the arrest was based on the use of profanity or for a minor incident which had taken place while Monk was seeking water at the motel, for which an arrest warrant was later issued. In any case, Monk continued to refuse to get out of the car.

Several other police officers were called by the arresting offier. They appeared in patrol cars with handcuffs and weapons. Monk was removed from the car by force and thrown to the ground. While this was going on the defendant got out of the car and begged the police not to strike Monk because he was sick. The police told her not to interfere and proceeded to use blackjacks on Monk. Finally his hands were cuffed behind his back.

Monk was placed on the floor of a police car. When he prevented the closing of the car door by refusing to draw in his legs, a blackjack was again used on him.

Defendant's keys, driver's license and auto registration had been taken from her by the police. After Monk was removed, her keys were returned to her and she was told to follow the police car to a Magistrate's office. She did so without protest.

7 There she saw Monk searched. Later, Monk pleaded guilty to a disorderly conduct charge arising out of a minor incident which had taken place at the motel before the police arrived. He was fined $10 and costs.

There were several police officers at the Magistrate's office. After a time two police detectives arrived.

Defendant heard one of them mention a search warrant to the Magistrate.

More than two hours after the defendant's registration card and driver's license were taken from her the police asked defendant for permission to search her pocketbook and car. She gave such permission and cooperated with the police in their search. She not states that she did so because she felt she had no choice.

Defentant does not contend that she was threatened or otherwise mistreated. There is a disupte in the testimony as to what access defendant was given to a telephone, but it is admitted she was not told of her constitutional rights and that she had no advice from an attorney.

The search included the contents of a suitcase in the trunk of the car where detectives found the evidence which the State seeks to use.

It has long been established as a matter of Delaware law that evidence obtained illegally from the accused by the State may not be used against such person in a criminal proceeding...

There was no search warrant issued in this case.

The search was not made pursuant to a legal arrest. The State maintains defendant was not arrested until about two hours after the search. Defendant states that she considered herself under arrest from the time they took her registrations and driver's license away more than two hours before the search. I conclude that defendant must have been arrested or officially detained when her registration and driver's license were taken away from her and helf by the police since she could not legally proceed on her journey without having at least one of these papers in her immediate possession... if this action constituted an arrest, it was an illegal one since no felony charge was involved, she had committed no offense in the presence of the police and there was no warrant for her arrest...

There is now sufficient undisputed evidence before the Court to make it clear that defendant's motion must be granted even if the evidence is viewed in the light most favorable to the State. There is no issue of material fact for the jury.

During a two hour period of illegal arrest before permission for the search was given, defendant had seen her companion twice beaten in the presence of several police officers for passively resisting arrest in connection with a minor charge. He had also been searched in her presence. It is inevitable that an atmosphere of duress prevailed. I find the circumstances to be such as to make an affirmative showing of absence of coercion and duress impossible. Thus, there was no effective permission to search the car and no waiver of the defendant's constitutional rights as to searches adn seizures. The search violated the provisions of the State Constitution and the evidence seized as a result thereof may not be used against the defendant.

Defendant's objection to the use of the evidence seized is sustained.

Dedicated to the memory of Thelonious Sphere Monk (1917-1982)

8

Pannonica's Nightmare on Route 13 Nicholas Fagnilli (b. 1997)

Transposed Score (q.)

Fantasia- Grave (q = < 50) 5

Clarinet in b flat

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Copyright © 2018 Fagnillious Music

5 4

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7

5 nœ &4

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23

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24

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Cl.

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26

Cl.

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˙˙

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6

nœ œ ‰ n>œ >œ

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b œ œ. b œ. œ # œ b œ œ œ ‰

28

Cl.

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nœ œ#œœ bnœœ b˙˙ j j bœ n œ œ b œ b œ n œ œ ™ œœ b œ b œ n œ œ ™ œ.

3

nœ

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31

Cl.

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3

f Pno.

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b œ œ nœ b œ ™ J

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32

Cl.

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14 33

Cl.

bœ & R

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j bœ

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accel.

nœ 34

Cl.

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≈Œ j‰ œ œbœ # œ.

‰

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Slightly faster (q = ca. 80)

œ 36

Cl.

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&

3 4 œr ≈ ‰ ‰

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4 4

3

f

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15

D 38

Cl.

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b >œn>œ bœ œ nœ 4 ‰ nœnœ œœ ‰ &4 n>œ # œ > b œ ™ n œ œ b œ œnœ ™ nbœœ 4 ‰ & 4 bœ ™ nœ œ bœ œnœ ™ œJ

40

Cl.

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4 4

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ff

3 4 ‰ ≈ œœœ œœœ bb œbœœ n bœœ n œ œ b œ b œœ J R

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bœ bœnœnœ 3 ≈ ≈ œ n œ b œ œ bœ 4 r r nœ œ œ œ bœ œ œ œ bœ

j œ œ b œ.

42

Cl.

4 &4

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nœ nœ nœ

4 & 4 bb bœœœ b >œ Pno.

nœ œ œ œ œ

j nnœœ œ

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{

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≈

16

bœ œ œ bœ œ œbœnœbœ œ œ nœ œ œ œbœ œ œ b œ œ œbœn œ # œ nœ ≈ œ ≈ &

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43

Cl.

f

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mf Pno.

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45

Cl.

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nnœœœœ ™™™™ bbbœœœœ œœœœ

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b >œ œ œ >œb œ bœ

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n œœœ ™™™ bbn œœœ œœœ nœ ™ œ œ

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œ

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n#œœ #nœœ n œ bb œœ #œ œœ ? œ

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&

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bnnnœœœœ

>>>> œ nœ œ œ œ

47

Cl.

bœ bœœœ

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‰

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Pno.

{

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2 &4

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n ˙ ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ ,

49

Cl.

Pno.

2 &4

17

Lively, straight 16ths (q = ca. 120)

>œ. b >œ. > . n #œ J ‰ ‰ j ‰ j œ. # œ # œ œ n œ #>œ. >

3 4 Œ

mf b œ^ œ^ œ^. , 2 3 & 4 ≈ R ≈ R ≈ J ≈ 4 # œ œ œbœ œ bœ œ nœ#œ #œ œ nœ # œ œ nœbœ nœ bœ nœnœ#œ#œœnœ > > > mf ^r ^r ^j 2 3 & 4 ≈#nnœœœ ≈ œœœ ≈ œœœ ≈ ? 4 œbœ œ b œ œ nœ#œ #œ nœ nœ nœbœn œ b œ nœnœ#œ#œœnœ . #œ œ # œ >œ > >

{

accel.

bœ œ œ bœ œ œ nœ bœ nœ œ nœ bœ #œ œ b œ &

52

Cl.

bœ œ n œ œ œ œ #œ nœ

bœ nœ & nœ nœ # œ œ #œ #œ œ nœ bœ bœ nœ nœ bœ nœ #œ nœ #œ nœ œ œ nœ #œ > > Pno.

{

?

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Cl.

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bœ

nœ

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bœ #œ nœ #œ nœ œ nœ #œ

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4 4

f

nœ œ b œ œ #œ nœ #œ nœ œ nœ #œ bœ œ #œ n œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ 4 & 4 f Pno.

? nœ œ bœ œ #œ nœ #œ nœ œ nœ #œ bœ œ #œ n œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ 4 4

{

(q = 130)

18 56

Cl.

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bœ

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Cl.

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6

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Cl.

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6

Œ nœ nœ bœ

œ #œ nœ

œ

œ bœ

œ nœ nœ

Pno.

œ

œ #œ nœ bœ 3

{

?

Œ ˙ ˙

œ bbœœ #œ œ #œ

Half time stride (q = ca. 70)

œ b œ œ œ19

>Ϫ 59

Cl.

&

3 4Œ

˙

œ

œ

ff 3

&

Œ

3 3 3 3 3 j j j j j 3 ≈ bbœœœ ≈ œœœ ≈ œœœ ≈ œœœ ≈ œœœ ≈ œœœj 4 œœ œœ œœ œœ œœ œœ ff

Œ

3 4 ##œœ

™ nb ˙˙˙ ™™ Pno.

{

?

61

˙™ ˙™

œ

œ œ

œ œ

bœ ™

nœ

œ Cl.

3

j & ≈ bbœœœœ œ ? #œ #œ

{

62

Cl.

œ œ

œ œ

b œ bœ

œ

œ

& 3

Pno.

œ œ

œ œ

œ œ œ™

#œ

& #œ

≈

3

j œœœ œœ

œ

≈

œ œ

3

j œœœ œœ

≈

œ œ

n œ œ œ œ™

3

j œœœ œœ

≈

3

j œœœ œœ

œ œ

≈

j œœœ œœ

œ œ

˙ ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ Œ

4 4

5

3

Pno.

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 j j j j j j j j j jU ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ œœ œœ œœ œœ œœ bbœœ œœ œœ œœ Œ & bbœœœ œœ œœ œœ œœ œœ nœ n œœ œœ œœ œœ U ? Œ #œ œ œ œ œ œ #œ œ œ œ #œ œ œ œ œ œ #œ œ œ œ

{

4 4 4 4

20

F

Swing 8ths

>œ bœ

64

Cl.

4 &4 Œ

> # œ œ

œ Æ

Œ #œ

Œ

mf

Pno.

œ œ œJ ‰ ‰ j œ œ œ #œ œ œ œ n œ.

bœ œ œœ b œ b œ b œ œ b œ œœ n œ œ œœ œœ 4 b J # ‰ ‰ ‰ n œœ œœ &4 J J ææ . mf œ . . œ b œ bb œœœœ bœœ bb œœ ?4 4 b œ. n œ. œ.

{

œœ œ

b œœœ ˙˙˙ œœ n ‰ Œ ‰ œ ˙ bœ J J nœ nnbœœœ j j ‰ J nœ ‰ bœ ‰ œj ‰ n˙ n œ. b œ. n œ. n ˙

(q)

n œ. œ. n œ # œ . . #œ œ œ œ™ #œ n œ œ œ nœ. ≈ ‰ #œ œœ & œ r # œ . nœ œ nœ ˙™ .

6 w w w Œ b˙˙˙ ™™™ & w b ˙˙ ™™ cadenza

67

Cl.

Pno.

mp

{

?

Πw w

˙™ b˙™

Painfully slow (q = ca. 40)

rit.

69

Cl.

& ˙

nœ œ œ œ# œ œ œ # œ

nw

œ & Œ nœœœ œœœœ ˙˙˙˙ ˙™ # ˙˙˙ ™™™

œ œ œ œ œ #œ œ œ œ œ™™ ˙ œ ˙ b œœœ ˙˙˙

˙˙˙ # #˙

Pno.

n# œœœ œœ ˙˙ ? Œ nœ ˙

{

bœ ˙™ ˙™

˙

˙

21

molto rit.

72

Cl.

≈ ‰ œj ≈ œ #œ œ nœ #œ nœ nœ ™ & . œ œ œ# œ œ œ . . & n b˙˙˙ n˙

˙ bb ˙˙˙

˙

U n˙ bœ n˙ bœ w w b w bw w

Pno.

{

? #˙

n˙

U ˙

nw bw