Connections Winter 2024

~u

TDTHE MANDA BOAN Irlam equips a country house with renewables

Multi-award-winning Irlam has installed a Solar Edge home three-phase inverter into a Lancashire manor house.

The Electrical Energy Storage System (EESS) with a three-phase inverter had only just become available when Irlam installed it, making it one of the first of its kind to be used in the UK. Director Nick Irlam was awarded the contract following his installation of a ground source heat pump at the eightbedroom, early-20th-century house in Halton in 2022. The firm, based in Carnforth, Lancashire, was national runner-up at the Heating Installer 2023 Awards for this project. The client, a GP, had been so pleased with Irlam's workmanship that he commissioned them again. s For this project, 36 solar panels were ~ mounted on the flat roof of the home's .... modern annexe. The panels would ~ 'ti typically have been installed on the roof ~ of the main house, but there wasn't room t: due to the conversion of the loft and the g ~ addition of a glass balcony. A mounting .8 system called FlatFix Fusion by Esdec Ji ~ was used and the PV array was designed Q)

in an east-west configuration. During peak time, the PV system will generate 15 kW an hour.

The three-phase Solar Edge inverter converts the direct current (DC) electricity generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity, for use by AC appliances in the house. Any excess DC electricity not being used is stored in the batteries, located in the plant room of the house.

The storage capacity of each battery is 23 kW, says Irlam. "This storage capacity will provide enough electricity for the demands of this large house and will, on average, charge up the 54.6 kW

batteries in two hours. The house will now use about 60% less electricity from the grid over a 12-month period.

This includes charging one electric vehicle and running the ground source heating system."

Irlam is monitoring the site and provides a constant update on its website to allow other potential clients to see realtime data of what a PV system produces.

He says the Solar Edge home threephase inverter will pay for itselfin six years, based on the family's electricity usage. Irlam was also asked to install an EV charging point as the client bought an electric car soon after the system went 'live'. The additional generation was enough to charge the car.

The client has now commissioned Irlam to install a similar, but larger, system in his Lancaster GP's surgery, where he is a partner. "That system will probably be four times the size of the one we installed at the house," says Irlam. The client has indicated they want to roll out the system across their four other GP sites, "so we have a lot of work ahead ofus".

WINTER 2023/24

Connections 3

ConnectionsIssue 228 / Winter 2023/24

DDN'TAEAD THIS MAG DUA SHORTCUT TDTHE BEST BITS

7OVERTD

...

VDU, PAUL

24 TRAINING

Technical director Paul Collins on retrofitting homes with energy-efficient systems to help with the journey to net zero

Our latest qualifications explained

9 CONCRETE 10 CHALLENGE .

•

4 ConnectionsWINTER 2023/24

Piotr Folcik's Primrose ·1 Hill revamp

Behind the scenes at the SkillELECTRIC final

On the road to meet NICEICcertified businesses

35 NEED TD

KNOW CAUGHT ON CAMERA The latest howlers

The big issues affecting the industry, including the latest updates to legislation

42 ASK THE TEAM

Our helpline heroes answer your questions

66 OFF GAID An assortment of facts, stats and stories to spark your interest WINTER 2023/24

Connedions 5

Powered by cutting edge technology, Selectric introduces our new wireless GRID360 Kinetic range.

The GRID360 Kinetic range is a revolutionary wireless switch system that eliminates the need for batteries or power cables. Unlike traditional wired switches, these switches can be installed on any surface and don't require complicated cable runs within walls. The system provides a clean, convenient, and safe solution that is not only easy to install but also reliable.

NEW RANGE: GRID360 KINETIC

GRID360 Kinetic uses the Tuya Smart & Smart Life Apps.

REVOLUTIONARY WIRELESS SYSTEM

Tuya Smart App

Smart Life App

I

Selectric, Cow Lane, Oldfield Road, Salford MS 4NB 0161 745 7777 I sales@)selectricuk.co.uk www.selectricuk.co.u k

Get Switched On

Ii ~ Im

Welcome

Connections ©2024 ISSN 2042-5732

niceic.com

•

•l•E■• Enquiries

OVER TD VDU,

PAUL ...

01582 539000

Communications manager: Debbie Shields debbie.shields@certsure.com

Senior content writer: SevgiPasha sevgi.pasha@certsure.com

Customer services: 0333 015 6625 Sales: 0333 015 6626 Training: 0333 015 6627 Technical helpline: 0333 015 6628 Insurance: 0333 015 6629 @offi.cialNICEIC

Published on behalf of Certsure by: Think, 65 Riding House Street, London, WlW 7EH

Editor: Clare Dowdy clare.dowdy@thinkpublishing.co.uk Group managing editor: Sian Campbell Art director: George Walker Associate director: Anna Vassallo Client engagement director: Emma Godfrey

Content development director: Matthew Rock

Advertising: Tola Onasanya tola.onasanya@thinkpublishing.co.uk Connections welcomes ideas for contributions. Please email connections@thinkpublishing.co.uk

All rights reserved. This publication (and any part thereof) may not be reproduced, transmitted or stored in any format without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Think Publishing Ltd accepts no liability for the accuracy of the contents or any opinions expressed herein.

Printed by Acorn Web Offset, West Yorkshire.

Connections and its paper wrapper are printed on paper from European mills, meeting the highest quality and environmental standards.

Both the magazine and the paper wrapper are fully recyclable.

Welcome to the first Connections magazine of 2024. I hope you and your families had a wonderful festive period. If you managed to take some time off, hopefully you are fully recharged for the exciting year ahead. In this issue, we've got lots of fascinating articles and features lined up for you.

As an industry, we're committed to doing our part in the drive for a more sustainable future as we move to net zero. In the previous issue, we explored how building new energy-efficient homes can help achieve netzero emissions by 2050. Retrofitting homes with efficient-energy systems is another crucial step on this journey. Recently, I had an interesting conversation with Phil Mason from TrustMark. We discussed the role of certified businesses in retrofitting residential properties, among other key topics. You can read more about this on page 26.

In response to changes in the sector and by way of maintaining technical standards, the industry is moving towards Makethemostofretrofitimplementing stricter mandatory Page26 requirements to acknowledge professional opportunities Stayaheadofthecurve expertise. In support of this, we've recently withQuality training bolstered our training portfolio with four new Level 3 qualifications, in partnership Page24 with the awarding organisation EAL. Follow bestpractice Details of this are on page 24. guidance Page35 Building on commitments to uphold high technical standards, I'd like to highlight Electrical Safety First's Best Practice Guide 10, which is now available and can be downloaded from ESF's website. This guide provides key information on maintaining and servicing electrical installations in homes used as rented accommodation. It also gives useful advice about conducting regular electrical inspection and testing. We dive deeper into this on page 35.

Given ongoing challenges in the electrical field, NICEIC-certified businesses may find themselves under significant strain. It's vital to reach out for assistance when these pressures become overwhelming. We have an article about coping with work-related stress on page 16.

Lastly, I'd like to remind you to make sure you're keeping a record of your CPD. Your assessor will ask to see this at your next assessment.

I hope you enjoy reading this issue of Connections and find it useful.

OUATDP PAIDAITIES FDA VDU

Paul Collins Technical Director, NICEIC WINTER 2023/24

Connedions 7

I~ I

LUCOC©> LUCec@ o u ~ G

R

p

L I G H T I N G

I[BG] SYNCQ· Ir,w ~

~

11~ingfisher Lighting

1 •"D"!lf " Windsor

Inexus I~ commercialrx:,werandtechnology

~

There's a strong NICEIC presence asthenation's 2023final. bestcompete intheSkillELECTRIC PaulThompson goesbehind thescenes

L

eaden skies and pouring rain greet my arrival in Oldham - hardly an unusual welcome to this corner of Greater Manchester. But there's a certain irony that my visit coincides with the final of the SkillELECTRIC competition to find the UK's brightest young spark - which, for the first time in its history, includes a Solar PV task.

As the sun fails to break through the clouds, the eight finalists - many of them with NICEIC-certified businesses - line up to begin the two-day test designed to push their electrical understanding and practical skills to the limit.

Each competitor faces their own plywood-constructed bay onto which they must install a distribution board, sockets, downlights, a fused spur outlet and a 'smart-tech' enclosure - among others.

Judges will assess wiring and connection e-<skills, inspection and testing as well as ~ measuring and marking out - which is ]: measured against an incredibly taxing ] tolerance of+/- 2 mm. ~ The separate Solar PV task makes its > ~ debut, reflecting the fact that the core

10 ConnectionsWINTER2023/24

competence of a qualified electrician is the foundation from which to upskill and train in this ever-growing sector. Configured by NICEIC, it must be completed in two hours as part of the candidates' overall task.

Guidance for the main installation is offered through a technical diagram. It clearly makes sense to the competitors, most of whom have been working in the sector for three years or more.

The competitors are a diverse bunch.

Encouraged to enter by their employers or training providers, they were then sifted from scores of other hopefuls through regional heats. The final eight range from an ex-army bomb disposal technician to a gifted Irish folk musician. Some appear relaxed, others less so.

One attendee who already knows the ropes is three-time finalist Tom

Williamson ofNICEIC-certified business Lloyd Morris Electrical in Wrexham. He's here as mentor to finalist Ben Gillin and understands how the competition offers benefits beyond the judging room - both to the individual and the wider industry.

"The candidates gain so much from this competition. I did. It takes you out of your comfort zone and it's always good to push yourself," Williamson says. "My social skills improved tremendously on the back of the confidence I gained from entering, and every competitor will be helping to improve the skill level within the sector."

For SkillELECTRIC Project Manager Jennie Phung, of competition organiser National Electrotechnical Training, the final is the culmination of all the months of hard work behind the scenes. It's part of the WorldSkills UK event, which celebrates and encourages young apprentices in a host ofindustry sectors, not just electrical.

Phung takes a quick break from her nonstop organisational duties to chat about the finalists' approach to the competition.

"It'simportant thatwegetcandidates exposed to [renewable energy] tasks assoonaspossible intheircareer" MITCH SMITHOFNICEIC

Eyewitness report I

-1""'-'-~'-~'--

THEPll □ UD EMPL□ VEJlS MarkEllisofLloyd Morris Electrical onBen Gillin's silvermedal: "Benhasshown exemplary commitment inthebuild-up totheevent.

Whilenotlosing anyfocusonhisemployment commitments, hehasworked hardpreparing for hisAM2andhasbeena model apprentice and employee.

Benhasgrown notonlyinabilitybut alsoinconfidence during theprocess, andhas alsooffered toassistfutureLME apprentices withtheirjourneys intoourtrade."

William Nesbitt ofNesbitt Electrical onConor McDonnell's bronze medal: "We'rethrilled byConor's outstanding progress andhis passion formastering theelectrical trade.

Conor isanenthusiastic learner, alwayseager newknowledge toacquire andskillsfromhis mentors andpeers.We'redelighted hewas awarded thebronze medal andareexcited towitness hiscontinued growth andsuccess inhiscareer."

IKlllC.\..C.\..

Electrical Im Skills Con

s=el

I l"\I\.. -,,.., '" ..;'~~;·

E c rical Installation ·._-•..•..• Competition ••,::,,

~;.;,:;;~;,•~•:i••• ••••••

,. ,,

~qll}l«ME;1q~E;·

), .,:.. '_..jir;:· v,:i•··

~TI

~~~

'dskiltiskiU ~neeatence af

AND THEWINNERS ARE ...

Thechampion ofthe2D23SkillELECTRIC competition isDanny McBean [left]ofGrants [Dufftown], andUHiMoray.

Second andthird placegoto BenGillin [centre] ofNICEIC's Lloyd Morris Electrical andJTLTraining, andConor McDonnell [right]ofNICEIC's Nesbitt Electrical andSouthern Regional College.

Thetrioallreceived an iPadcourtesy ofNICEIC, andtwoNICEIC training courses.

"This is not some one-day jolly," she says, as the candidates enter their third hour transferring information from the diagram to the walls of their competition bays. "It's a week-long commitment. Their knowledge and understanding will be pushed to the limit - but the rewards for the entrants are fantastic. You can see the competitors grow and change throughout the competition as they get more confident."

workshop, I grab judge and NICEIC Trainer Mitch Smith to find out why he has brought in a renewable energy element to SkillELECTRIC. "It's the way the industry is progressing," he says. "So it's important that we get candidates exposed to these tasks as soon as possible in their career. And it's good experience for them.

I'd like to see a similar test introduced during the heats."

Back in the main workshop, the Why PV? competitors are calmly going through their processes, each hoping to be In an all too brief hiatus after the first candidate has completed the Solar crowned the 2023 SkillELECTRIC PV task and headed back to the main champion at a glittering ceremony in Manchester's famous Bridgewater Hall later that week.

Kevin Boone The title offers much more than the ontheSolar kudos of knowing they've been judged PVtask against their peers. All finalists will take home prizes including an iPad Pro, tools, workwear, testing equipment and accessories. They're also offered virtual training courses in energy storage systems and electric vehicle charging from NICEIC, which will be hugely beneficial as their careers progress.

As the first day draws to a close, I leave a still-sodden Oldham slightly in awe of the effort the competitors have put in, of the quality of their work and of their graciousness and integrity.

Solar

WINTER 2023/24

Connedions 11

Eyewitness report I

WHAT'S ITLIKE FOR THEFINALISTS? JasonRobinson NeilWhickerElectrical ServicesandCollege of WestAnglia

college.I wasunsurebutgotthroughthe regionalheatsandhereI am.

Howchallenging isthetask?

Very.Vesterdaydidn'tgoto planbut I've Whyputyourself managed to pullit backandnowI'mon throughthis?

DemiMaeWhitehead targetto whereI wantto be.

Mycollegetrainerencouraged meto enter. othersenter?

William DavisHomes Whywouldyourecommend It's a goodopportunityto boostmycareer, It helpsexpandyourknowledge.

It's andJTLTraining andsofar it's beena greatexperience.

Whyputyourself differentfromconditionsyoumaybe Howchallenging isthetask? throughthis? usedto, andthetraininghasbeengreat.

It's stuff that I haveexperience in butnot I'mbeginning to wonder! necessarily everyday.It's hardto tell but Mycompany encouraged meandsoI Conor McDonnell I'mpleasedwith howit's goingsofar.I thoughtI mightaswellhavea go.I wentto Nesbitt Electrical havea processI'mtryingto followandI'm theheatsin Nottingham, andI wassurprised andSouthern aboutwhereI wantedto be. howmuchI enjoyedit - andsohereI am.

Regional College _ Whyputyourself Whywouldyourecommend othersenter? Howchallenging isthetask? this? .-.. through It's wellworthit. Theexperience has It's difficult.It hasto be.I'mtryingto work beengreat.

InitiallyI wasunsurebutmytutor througha processandgeteverythingas encouraged meandso I enteredandgot accurateaspossible.

BenGillin Whywouldyourecommend othersenter? throughthe regionalheats.Therearegreat Lloyd Morris Electrical Thetraininghasbeenfantastic.It has trainingandcareeropportunities.

Howchallenging isthetask? helpedmedevelopmyskillsasan andJTLTraining Whyputyourself electricianbutalsohelpedmeremaincalm Witheveryonewatchingoveryouit's through this? whenI'mworking.It's beenbrilliantfor me. a realtest. Thereareelements- suchas ---w,_.

Whynot?I wasaskedif the smarttechnology - that I don'thave too muchexperience of, butthe rest I I wantedto enterbyTomWilliamson, my Thomas Turner wouldcoverona day-to-daybasis.I'm trainer.He'sbeena finalistthreetimesand EJParker relaxedaboutwhereI amin the process. recommended I havea go.

Technical Services It's just aboutgoingthrougheachstep Howchallenging isthetask? andJTLTraining thoroughlynow.

I don'tdoanythinglikethis ona day-to-day Whyputyourself Whywouldyourecommend othersenter? basis.Myworkis moreindustrial.It's about throughthis? familiarising yourselfandthenworking Mytutor recommended I enterandI was Vouneedto havethe driveto succeed throughthetaskstepby step. encouraged by mydad-who's alsoan but I wouldabsolutelyrecommend it.

Would yourecommend othersenter? electrician.

TheyboththoughtI wasgood ,=~-- KevinBoone I'd recommend it to everyone.

Eventhe enough,so I enteredthe regionalheatin Darke 6 Taylor heatsarea fantasticexperience.

Birmingham andreallyenjoyedit. andXSTraining Howchallenging isthetask?

Danny McBean It's nothingI haven'tseenbeforebutit '""'•·,...,.."..,.• Whyputyourself is a questionof refiningwhatI knowand through this?

Grants [Dufftown] applyingit underthescrutinyof judges.

Thisis mysecondcareer. andUHiMoray Whyputyourself That'sthe biggestchallenge.

I wantto elevateandpushmyselfto get throughthis?

Whywouldyourecommend othersenter? betterandimprovemycareerchances.

I enjoythe element Whatisthereto lose?Vougetbetterthrough Howchallenging isthetask? of competition.

Mydad- mylecturerthechallenge of competition, andthetraining It is testingbutI wasa bombdisposal suggestedit. It's beena greatexperience. andcontactsyoumakearesuperb. technicianin the armyfor 17years,so I like Howchallenging isthetask? to thinkI canremaincalm.

Theaccuracyandprecision of it is the Thomas Magee Whywouldyourecommend othersenter? biggestchallenge.

I usea heatgunto SMElectrical andBelfast I thinkeveryoneshouldenterthis warmtheplasticconduit- it heatsit more College competitionif theywantto push Metropolitan uniformlyandholdstheheatlongersoyou Whyputyourself themselves.

I knowit canbedifficult, canbemoreprecisewiththebends.I'm through this? butthe extratrainingandexperience reallyhappywithhowit's going.

I enteredthroughmy youget is invaluable.

12 Connections WINTER 2023/24

Wouldyourecommend othersenter?

Absolutely yes.Thetrainingdaywe hadin London wasgreat.It's beena fantasticexperience.

GETTING BAFE SP203-1 AERO Here's howtoprepforyourBAFE SP203-l scheme assessment, NIC_E_ic_ce_rt_if_ica_ti_on_s_c_he_m_e ______ animportant partofyourBAFE

T

he assessment process is a key part of being certified under the NICEIC fire detection and fire alarm scheme.

Here's your guide to the scheme and what to expect from the assessment.

BREAKING NEWS NICEIC Training has launched two new fire qualifications with awarding body EAL. These are: • Level 3 Award in the Requirements of Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems for Buildings BS 5839-1:2017 • Level 3 Award in the Requirements of Fire Detection and Alarm Systems in Dwellings For more information see p24

B;\f E

CHANGES TDBAFE SP203-l The BAFE SP203-1 Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems scheme document was updated to version 8.0.1 on 20 October 2023 and is now in effect (as ofl November 2023).

Thechanges comprise: Nominated lead individual(s) required for each module (design, installation, commissioning, and maintenance).

Appropriate skills, knowledge, experience and behaviours factored in according to the BSI Flex

business will also be added to the BAFE register as a fire detection system provider.

Theassessment ina nutshell

Fornewcustomers

• The assessment is in two parts: management system review, and technical assessment.

• The assessor will review your business's compliance with applicable standards, competence and qualifications.

• Successful assessment will result in certification, meaning your business will be approved to display the BAFE logo.Your

You've applied for the BAFE scheme, sent evidence of relevant qualifications, and have booked your assessment. Now it's time to prepare, starting with your management system review.

You'll need access to: • The current edition of BS 5839 Part 1 - the standard for fire alarm

W'JI

FIRE SAFETY REGISTER

8670 - the criteria for building safety in competence frameworks recommendations.

Competence ofindividuals has been made more explicit- it requires aBS 5839-1 Level 3 qualification or higher for any individual nominated into a lead role.

Existing NICEIC-certified businesses have until 1 November 2025 to obtain the relevant training and qualifications.

For further information, visit niceic.co/41BsVij

systems in non-domestic premises. Your business needs to follow its requirements and recommendations.

• Additional technical documents - relevant documents, such as wiring regulations (BS 7671), fire safety in buildings, and fire detection and alarm systems.

You'll need to demonstrate: • Suitable test instruments and accuracy system. Is your business using the right equipment to test and

SUPERVISION ANDCPD ARE KEV, SAIJS NICEIC HEAD OFASSESSMENT DANSMITH Inprevious issues of knownastheofficeaudit).Aspartof this, C:onnectlons, I'veshared youmustdemonstrate thatall employed personsdoingelectrotechnical workare tipsonhowto bestprepare for yourelectrotechnical competent andade11uately supervised. assessment.

Here,I wanttohlghllghtthe !Joualsoneedto holdrecordsof relevant ofsupervision andcontinuing Qualifications importance andtraining,including professional development [CPD) CPD. Thisappliesto thoseemployed throughanagency, re11uirements for yourbusiness.

There'll directly,temporarily, beanenhanced focusonthismoving orsubcontracted, whichincludesselfforward,aswecontinueto worktowards employed andsoletraders. raisingstandards acrosstheIndustry.

I'vebeenImpressed bythedifferent If you'veeverundergone a surveillance management systemsthat manyof assessment visit,you'llbefamiliar youuse,butrecordkeepingdoesn't withthemanagement systemsreview haveto becomplicated.

Therearefree conducted [previously templatesonniceic.com byyourassessor whereyoucan 14 Connections WINTER2023/24

document yoursupervision andCPD activities- Justsearchfor 'recording CPD'. !Joucanalsofindtheseformsin our'GetTechnical' and'Needto Know' newsletters.

AndECA members have accessto eCDMS, whichsupportthe assessment processandmeeting scheme re11uirements.

Tolearnmore,joinuson6 Marchfor ourfreewebinar, THE WIRE, whichwill focusonthereviewof management systems.Here,youcanaskQuestions andgainmorevaluableinformation from ourexperts.Register forthewebinarat niceic.com/thewire.

Onitl

Next:yoursiteassessment The assessor will select sufficient (usually one to three) projects reflecting the range, scale and scope of work undertaken by your business to assess. The assessor will go with the lead individual(s) and/or designer to each selected site.

You'll need to demonstrate: • The work your business has completed since the last assessment (if you're an existing customer).

• Safe isolation and re-energisation, competence in inspection and testing, including use ofinstruments, interpretation ofresults, and completion of certification.

• Adequacy of supervision, complete with supervision records .

1 ....

~ You'll need to provide:

verify the fire alarm systems? Test instruments need to be calibrated and traceable, with a record of the accuracy of your instruments.

• At least £2m of public liability insurance is required, covering all work being undertaken or within the scope of application.

• A minimum of £250k professional indemnity insurance (if your business undertakes the design module).

This covers your business for any problems relating to professional advice or service. It's separate from the public liability insurance.

• Complaint process, and record of any remedial actions undertaken.

• A written health & safety policy and procedures and risk assessment(s) for identifying and controlling the risks associated with your business.

• Safe isolation re-energisation of installation procedures for fire alarm systems.

• Evidence of design records your business has created for each project.

• Systems for notifying relevant authorities and bodies of the work your business does.

• Proof of qualifications, training, experience including continuing professional development (CPD) of competent person(s) responsible for your business's fire alarm work.

• Records of the competence and supervision of the person(s) involved in your business's fire alarm work. This also applies to subcontractors.

@ • Access to the fire detection and/or fire alarm systems, with all applicable • Nominated lead individual(s) certification and/or site records for required for each module (design, each site. installation, commissioning, and • Suitable transport to each site. The maintenance) of your business's fire assessor will select sites that are ideally alarm work. The lead individual must within 30 minutes' travel distance from have the appropriate skills, qualifications, your business's contracting office. The knowledge and experience for the module. lead individual(s) and/or designer will • List of all work in progress. travel with the assessor to the sites.

• Suitable equipment (such as hand Forexisting customers tools, step ladder, PPE) to access the Continued certification is conditional installation. upon the results of surveillance ToptipsfromtheBAFE team assessments. You'll be contacted when your surveillance assessment is due. It's • Don't assume being certified under an electrotechnical scheme (such as your responsibility to ensure that your the Approved Contractor or Domestic business is booked in for an appointment.

Installer Scheme) covers fire safety work.

It doesn't.

As well as the above checklist, you'll need: • Be ready.Use the checklists above or in • A list of all work completed since NICEIC's BAFE Scheme Guide to make your last assessment. sure you have everything you need.

• Copies of compliance and/or • Have back-up sites in case of changes. certificates issued for the fire alarm Remember, these still need to be within systems that have been installed or 30 minutes of your office ideally. maintained since the last assessment.

• If you're a new customer and you don't have the BS 5839-1 qualification, contact the NICEIC BAFE team for application options. Phone 0333 015 6626 or NOTES TDEVERVDNE email bafe@niceic.com.

Work forassessment mustNOT: • If you're an existing customer, make • beworkcompleted fororon sure you have evidence available of behalf ofanother business training, including CPD, and a record of • becertified ornotified byanother supervision for employees undertaking business fire detection and fire alarm system work.

• beworkcompleted onyourown This needs to cover all employed persons, property, unless thisforms part including subcontractors.

For more information and tips, ofanapplicant assessment visit niceic.co/3vcKTeM WINTER2023/24

Connedions 15

WHAT TDDDIF VDU'RE STRUGGLING Worried thatyourstresslevels areskyhigh?

Lookoutfar warning signs,suchasflagging productivity, irritability orother unusualmaads,changesin sleeping andeatingbehaviours, disinterest inworkorhomelife, irrational fearsoranxieties, and fromsocialsituations. withdrawal "It'ssoimportant ta create timeta identify thestressars," saysGrace Ellis, Director ofWelfare attheElectrical Industries Charity "It canbe [EiC]. difficult when we'restressed ta pinpoint thecause, butbydoing so,weallowourselves theopportunity ta createa plan ofactionta reduce thestressthat wehavecontrol aver."It canbea challenge ta tackleanxiety alone, "soreaching outcanbereally helpful," sheadds.

TafindouthawtheEiCcould support you,contact support@ electricalcharity.org orspeakta thewelfareteaman08006521618.

16 Connections WINTER2023/24

M

Rebecca Burn-Callander explores howtomanage thestress of running yourownbusiness

ental health is often a sidelined topic in our industry. It's vital we encourage open discussions about mental health to overcome stigmas.

Given ongoing challenges in the electrical industry, business owners may find themselves under significant strain. It's important to reach out for support when these pressures become overwhelming.

According to the Mental Health in the Trades: 2023 Report, more than two-thirds (68%) of tradespeople are now experiencing work-related stress at least once a month. It was less stressful to be your own boss in 2022, with more symptoms reported by employees.

However, the roles have now reversed; the report found that this year, one in 10 (10%) self-employed workers experience symptoms daily, compared with just 6% of employed individuals.

"It's definitely more stressful being self-employed," says Matt Figgett, founder ofKent-basedATEM Electrical.

"There's no reprieve.

There's always some drama unfolding, which needs your attention.

I can't go for an evening meal without my phone ringing."

Round theclock work The 'always on' nature of today's society is a major culprit, he believes. Figgett does offer emergency 24/7 cover to some clients, such as holiday parks, but often gets called out of hours by customers with non-urgent requests.

This is echoed by Robert Rigg, founder of EVE North in Carlisle. "It's too easy to pick up the phone. People get home from work and text you, forgetting that you might also have finished your work day."

Rigg mutes all texts to his work phone between 8.30pm and 6.30am. "But I let calls from a handful of trusted customers come through."

For Rigg, the main source of stress is too much work. "The workload is obscene," he admits. "I have been going for 10 years so I have a lot ofrepeat customers "' @, now. Plus a few local sole traders have '" .§ recently left the industry. Learning to say .:: ;@ no is a real challenge for me."

To mitigate the stress associated with ----too many jobs, Rigg has become an ace planner. He now sets aside two hours every Sunday morning for quotes and

t

Onitl

invoicing; and he downs tools at 3pm every day for an hour to deal with correspondence, organise the next few days' jobs, and update customers. "With a mobile phone, you can do this from anywhere," he says. "I've become really regimented about this."

For Figgett, who employs 16 electricians, it's harder to plan. If someone calls in sick at 6am, the team must quickly redistribute their workload. "We also get emergency call-outs every day, so we then have to assess which engineer, with the right skills and tools, can get to the site the quickest," he says. "It's stressful because you need a floating engineer, but customers are so price-conscious that you can't include one."

Luckily, Figgett has built a united team at ATEM. "We let people pick their own call-out weeks, and if someone needs a hand, the team will always help. You need that kind of culture in a fast-paced environment. And we pay our people handsomely for when they're on call."

Cashflow Electricians are reporting that customers are more pricesensitive than ever before, often shopping around for the cheapest option and offering punitive payment terms, such as '90 days from the end of the month'. "There's a different atmosphere around cost right now," says Figgett.

"You have to manage cash flow really carefully in this business or it can get very stressful," he continues. "For example, a lot ofcompanies pay their corporation tax at the end of the year and won't settle any supplier invoices until January. We know the cycle, so we keep extra cash in the business."

Figgett says that stress has had a big impact on his physical and mental health, but that this is balanced out by the joy he takes in developing people's careers at ATEM. "The thing I love more than anything is seeing the team grow and succeed," he says. "That's the best thing about running this kind of business."

For Rigg, stress means that he's short-tempered and struggles to sleep. "But I have to admit I quite enjoy the pressure," he says.

"When you're on call, you sometimes become the hero of the hour, getting the power back on, or restoring light. It's not for everyone but I love it."

"Itcanbedifficult whenwe'restressed topinpoint thecause, butbydoing so,we allowourselves theo ortunity tocreatea planofaction toreduce thestress"

HOW TOAVOID STRESS • Planyourweek Stayontopofadmin bysettingasideanhoura day todealwithordering, invoices andmore.Don'tletthe paperwork builduporyourstresslevelswillrise.

• Mutealltextsafter7pm If youofferemergency cover, tellclients tophone you withurgent requests.

Noonetextsinanemergency, so muting thesemessages andWhatsApps couldhelpyou switchoffintheevening.

• Takeregular breaks Thiswillmakeyoumoreefficient inthelongterm.Rigg worked 2Bdaysstraight butaftertwodaysofffoundhe wasmorefocused - restcanbea time-saver.

• Stayontopofcashflow Financial worries area major contributor tostress,so keepcashbuffers inthebusiness, chaselateinvoices, avoidspending toomuch onmaterials upfront,and always vetnewcustomers before takingonwork.

• Exercise Nothing relieves stresslikea proper workout.

Rigg advises thatalthough youmayfeellikeyourtimeis betterspentinthevan,you'llneverregrethitting the gymforanhour.

• Takeproper holidays Either lockyourphone inthehotelsafeandgiveyourself onlyanhoura daytorespond tomessages, orfollow Figgett's advice andchoose a cruise, whereyouhaveno reception fordaysat a time.

• Build a teamandsharetheload Voudon'talwayshaveto betheonewaking upat 3am todealwithanemergency.

Takeona subbie orconsider expanding theteamsothatyoucandivideupyour workload.

Butbeware, Figgett says,stresslevelsrise steeply onceyougobeyond fiveemployees.

• Maketimeforyourhobbies Figgett ridesa motorbike toclearhishead.It helpsthat hecan'ttakecallswhileriding.

• Raise yourprices If you'restruggling withyourworkload, raiseratesto helpfinda betterbalance.

Increase yourratesinline thelongterm, withinflation ormore.Riggsays:"Over goodcustomers valueyouand,provided they'regiven noticeoffairpricerises,theyshould havenoissues."

GRACE ELLIS,EiC WINTER 2023/24

Connedions 17

Onit!

Founded in1979, Coniston Limited inDartford isa specialist heritage andrestoration maincontractor operating across London andKent, anddelivering projects from£100k to £20m.Director Deana Georgiou explains whathe'slooking forinhiselectrical subcontractors

D

■ What's it like working

in and restoration?

The heritage market opens up a lot of sectors for us, from residential, commercial and ecclesiastical to museums and galleries. We've worked on some of the country's most famous landmarks, leaving our mark by carefully restoring them for many years to come. Our clients include embassies, the Royal Household, Historic Royal Palaces, the Old Royal Naval College, Palace ofWestminster, Canterbury Cathedral and Somerset House. Most projects are repeat business, allowing us to work with the same client, architect, engineer, consultant and subcontractors.

We're keen to maintain these key relationships so that we keep our work enjoyable and our business successful.

■ heritage

D

■ How do you like to conduct ■ professional

relationships?

We believe in collaborative relationships not just with our clients, but with our

18 Connections WINTER2023/24

subcontractors, awarding contracts to those who assist us through our tender process to secure the project. We have a robust supply chain and have developed strong relationships with a number of NICEIC-certified businesses such as Raytell Electrical, MSL, Priory, Eco, Danley Design, and Momentum Building Services. Because we work on historic and listed buildings, we typically develop and coordinate consultants' tender schemes into fully working installation drawings, so it's vital that our electrical contractor has these design capabilities in-house.

do you expect from your O ■■ What electrical subcontractors?

A key consideration for us as a principal contractor is whether we single-source the Mechanical and Electrical (M&E) or split the packages. If separate M&E packages are procured, we need to consider who we partner with - if they've delivered similar works for us previously

and their current resource levels. Once on site, we scrutinise the operatives they employ to manage, supervise and most importantly - install the electrical elements to the approved scheme. They need to pay due care and attention to historic fabric, and strictly adhere to the installation drawings.

How do you want subcontractors O ■■ to behave?

We expect everyone on site to be collaborative and proactive because when we start the installation works, there are bound to be surprises that need to be resolved as a team, with everyone's potential solution discussed, considered and agreed while maintaining strict commercial and programme parameters.

are your expectations O ■■ What around the handover?

We have robust quality assurance measures in place, and we engage with

KEVDUALITIES FOR ELECTRICAL SUBCONTRACTORS AtConiston weexpect electrical businesses weworkwith:

e TabeNICEIC-certified and

~ .8 ~

] ~ ~

j "Cl

-~

members aftheElectrical Contractors' Association [ECR] • TabeCanstructianline ar similar registered, withDRprocedures in linewiththeISO/NOR auditing procedures • Tauseoperatives whohavea relevant ECS arNVDqualified cscs card,andsupervisors who haveeitherSMSTS arSSSTS • Tahavein-house capability ta design fully working installation drawings • Talaakafterthehistoric buildings andstrictlyadhere ta theinstallation drawings • Tabecollaborative and proactive in sortingout problems • Tahavegoadreferences • Tabegoadat maintaining standards

~--------------~ Left: Painted Hall, Royal Naval College Far left: Wallace Collection Art Gallery

our electrical contractor throughout the build process, signing off elements such as containment and first fix to ensure everything is in place before closing up walls, ceilings and non-accessible areas. This process is carried out by the site delivery team, supported by our technical services manager. The aim is

to ensure commissioning programmes are put in place early and detailed method statements are produced for the process up to handover, and including the allimportant demonstrations and training for the end-users.

do subcontractors n ■■ How supply chain?

join your

We're always looking to add to our supply

chain. This is done via our PQQ (pre"Wescrutinise theoperatives qualification questionnaire) process, [ourcontractors] emlo to whereby proposed subcontractors manage, su ervise andinstallhave to meet our criteria in a number of categories. These include gathering theelectrical elements" company information, such as structure

and insurances, quality procedures, health, safety and environmental, resource and assessing competence. We'll then take references from other contractors that the proposed subcontractor has worked for previously and check they meet all our standards prior to inviting them to competitively tender for further works.

n

■ What puts you off?

■ Our repeat business and reputation stem from the quality we deliver. So a 'No' would be a subcontractor that doesn't work with us collaboratively and can't maintain our standards through the design, installation and handover process.

WINTER 2023/24

Connedions 19

OPTIONS, OPTIONS 1FULL APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMME

Following onfromlastissue's lookatthe traditional apprenticeship routeintotheelectrical industry, TESP Chair Ruth Devine MBE explains otheroptions forgrowing yourworkforce

A

dult learners typically fall into two categories: career changers with no previous industry experience; and those who've already been working in electrical or engineering-related roles but don't have full industry qualifications to reach the Level 3 industry standard.

For those completely new to the industry, the traditional apprenticeship route is funded for all ages, so this is the preferred option for taking on an inexperienced new recruit, regardless of age.

However, if your potential new recruit has some relevant industry experience, there are two options.

An 'accelerated apprenticeship' is where the learner can essentially complete an apprenticeship programme over a shorter period of time, because their prior knowledge, experience and skills can be taken into account. It's only available to those who'll need at least 12 months' learning. The advantage to employers is that they can access

significant apprenticeship funding for the learner to complete their training and AM2S assessment.

It's a comprehensive solution and includes certification of BS 7671:2018 and Initial Verification, plus coverage oflowcarbon technologies including electric vehicle charging point installation.

The NVQ route might be right for a more experienced learner who has technical knowledge and qualifications, but just needs work-based experience and AM2 assessment to become fully qualified.

It's an assessment process rather than a training programme, so the learner independently completes all the required performance elements. They're assessed in the workplace. It's quicker (usually less than 12 months) and has fewer restrictions than the apprenticeship route. But if you want them to be eligible to be able to apply as a Qualified Supervisor, the learner may need to top up with other qualifications, such as BS 7671 and inspection and testing.

IRELAND 6 WALES ACROSS THENATIONS NORTHERN

• Forcomplete newentrantswithnoprior Industryexperience.

• Good opportunity to mouldthelearner to yourcompany valuesandculture.

• Funded forall ages.

• Smallemployers pay5%contribution [circaEl,DDD overfouryears).

2 ACCELERATED APPRENTICESHIP • Forpeople withverifiableexisting knowledge andskillsbutwhoneedmore than12monthsto complete theirtraining.

• Provider will doinitialassessment, reduced programme lengthandcost.

• Training Isfundedwithminimal contribution fromsmallemployers.

BS7671:8018 andInitial • Contains Verification.

Thedomestic electrician apprenticeship alsoincludes full Inspection andtesting.

3 NVD • Forlearners whohavetechnical certificatesandcurrentknowledge, so Justneedworkexperience to complete theirportfolio.

• Usually fundedbytheIndividual, butthe employer maywishto supportthem.

• Fewer restrictions andlessadministration thanapprenticeship programme, butlearner mayneedtoachieve anadditional Industry qualification separately.

For any of these routes, your local college or training provider should be able to advise and enrol your recruit on the most appropriate programme. Accelerated apprenticeships are still a relatively new concept, so if you encounter any issues when speaking to providers, you can email TESP on info@the-esp.org.uk to help.

• Apprenticeships arenowfunded forall agesforthosewithnopriorexperience.

• TheNVO routecanbetakenbyadult • Modern apprenticeships arefundedfor withexperience; learners alsohave all agesfor thosewith nopriorexperience. learners Forthosewhohavemanyyears'experience togaintechnical certificates before they • Adultswithat least12months'on-site buthavenever formally qualified, there's also cancomplete theNVO. experience andin full-timeemployment Worker Assessment route with anelectricalcontractorcanenrolasan nihusinessinfa.ca.uk/apprenticeships;theExperienced - moreonthisinthenextedition!

Check out adulttrainee.sectt.arg.uk gov.wales/apprenticeships electrical-ewa.org.uk inthemeantime.

SCOTLAND

THEELECTROTECHNICAL SKILLS PARTNERSHIP [TESP] TESP is a not-for-profit'communityinterestcompany'thatworks onskillsprojectsto benefittheelectrotechnical industry.Its coremembers areECA, JIB,NationalElectrotechnlcal Training, UnitetheUnionandSELECT. Certsure workscloselywith TESP on

projectssuchasthe Experienced WorkerAssessment andthe Electrotechnical Assessment Specification Oualifications Guide.

TESP providesresourcesandguidance to thesector,including the ElectricalCareers website,theIndustryintoEducation and Rogue Trainers campaigns, LabourMarketIntelligence andIndustryapproved trainingroutes.

The Electrotechnical the-esp.arg.uk •"-!...J- Skills Partnership

·-~~T•s::sp

(1)

20 Connections WINTER 2023/24

L]

Giving you access to the industry's best technical minds and resources:

Driving demand from customers:

Technical helpline for expert support with installations, compliance and products.

National marketing campaigns to raise public awareness of the high standards of NICEIC-certified businesses.

NICEIC Pocket Guides app with 37+ technical guides.

'Find a trusted NICEIC tradesperson' tool to drive demand for your services.

J_,.~~

CPD resources including THE WIRE webinars, NICEICevents, quarterly Connections magazine and live Q&As.

Opening-up opportunities with specifiers such as facilities businesses, landlords and housing associations.

~]

In-person and online training for core topics and new technologies.

Regular assessments to help you stay compliant, with guidance and technical advice.

mQf

NICEIC Online Certification System - saving you time and money by selfcertifying your work and completing and sending certificates and reports.

Representing you in the industry: Communicating your voice and influencing government and sector bodies through our role on industry committees.

Shaping future policy and regulations informed by your feedback.

Savings on specialist, tailored trade insurance.

Discounts on branded NICEICworkwear and tools in our on line shop and 10% off selected purchases at Tradepoint.

There's so much more behind the badge.

c+

Find out more at:

NICE IC.com/benefits

•

•lnE■n

Justin Chapman

Mark Barnes-Rider

TAUST THEEXPERTS

Howdoyougettogrips withthechanges tocertification withBS7671?

Bygetting reports fromthescene thedetailstraight fromthehorse's mouth.

Clare Dowdy

NICEIC-certified business leaders keen to get the lowdown on testing, certification and reporting to Amendment 2 gathered for an Ask NICEIC roadshow to hear words of wisdom from NICEIC's Senior Technical Services Engineer, Mark Barnes-Rider, and Regional Engineering Manager, Justin Chapman.

Visiting contractors also got the chance to quiz our experts.

Meanwhile, Neil Vincent, who looks after client relationships for NICEIC, and Events and Marketing Manager Sarah Hunter were ready with a warm welcome and hot drinks. So this event in Chelmsford was a great opportunity to glean important new information and to network.

Barnes-Rider and Chapman were a slick double act, running through the certification changes in a45-minute

NeilVincent

I~ Offeringcour<;e<;via

:.:.1J

w

"llllil

-

O.!.srooll' irVntl l lcamn,g

22 ConnectionsWINTER 2023/24

"There's beena realdesire togetsomeof thistechnicalcontent.Andthere'sbeena rangeof questions onthestandaswell.

"Forcontractors, particularly sole traders, coming together withNICEIC isan opportunity tomeetsomepeersandto hearwhatothers aredoing, tomeetsome ofourtechnical colleagues andgetsome goodcontent forCPD."

CPD-accredited seminar. They delivered four sessions, packed with detail. And the audience chipped in with their own experiences and questions along the way.When asked "Do I need a certificate for a 'like for like' replacement of an accessory or protective device?" both Chapman and Barnes-Rider agreed it was unnecessary.

Barnes- Rider explains the thinking behind the seminar topic. "It came about through feedback from our contractors, who wanted clarification on some points that had been changed since the new amendment."

He adds: "We've had a good reaction.

There have been a few nuggets of information that have gone down well, such as testing ofRCDs - contractors are now only required to do a single test at the device's rated residual current."

So an event like this is not just social, it's also crucial. Or, as contractor Ben King says: "If you don't keep up with the changes, you're not standing still, you're going backwards."

Howwasit foryou?

BenKing

,I

BenKing Electric Kingin Braxted "Aselectricians, weoftenworkin isolation.MyNICEIC areaassessor is good,butI onlyseehimoncea year.

Therearealwaysnewtoolsandproducts to learnaboutbutyouonlyspeakto thewholesaler.

It's anever-changing industry- if youdon'tcometo events likethis,you'llgetleft behind."

RaySmith

AaySmith Principal DutyHolder of Universal Mechanical & Electrical inWickford

"I try to attendeventssuchasthis regularlyfor industryupdates, to help getanunderstanding of what'sgoing onin ourindustry.I gotsomeexcellent linksto trainingat thisevent.

"Mytakeawaytodaywasaround reportingandtestinginspection from a maintenance perspective, when Christine Edgeler andmore accessories, in Basildon we'rechanging Project SkillsSolutions "Asthensforthecompany, I'mdealing clarificationonwhatweshouldbe doing- havingthat ratifiedtoday withtestingandcertificationevery wasgoodfor me." clayandI givetechnicalhelpto my engineers aswell.Soit's reallygood for meto comealongandto make ColinHowe SelectSolarin Upminster sureI'mfollowingtheguidance correctly.It's beenreallyinteresting, "Wewantto keepupto elate particularlyregarding thecompletion withcurrentregulations, andto CPD makesurewe'vegotenough of certificationandsomeof thenew installreports." pointsfor theyear.We'dbeinterested

Stuart Ferrier

in comingto afuturesessionon renewable energy."

StuartFerrier in London MalaElectrical "Wetry to attendalltheNICEIC eventsit's goodto keepupdatedandto refresh ourknowledge.

"It wasgoodto reviewthechanges to ACD protectionandtesting- that's something I'll takebackto workand reiterateto ourstaff.

"I'd likea futuresessionon installationconditionreports.

It's still a verygreyareafor a lot of electricians."

HenryTonyAmoakoh TonyElectrics in Basildon "I cloa lot of testing,andwiththenew regulations comingintoeffect,I came todayto beenlightened onthenew certificateandfillingit in."

TofindoutwhateventsNICEIC isattending in2024,visitniceic.com/events WINTER 2023/24

Connections 23

Training

INITTDWINIT

Inafast-paced industry, training iskey.NICEIC launches newqualifications toprepare electricians forthefuture

T

he electrotechnical industry has a big part to play in the journey to net zero, which explains why electricians are increasingly seeking qualifications in renewable technologies. But it doesn't stop there. Fire safety is another area experiencing significant transformations.

This is evident in the recent updates to the BAFE standard (see p14 for details).

At NICEIC we've bolstered our training portfolio with four new Level 3 qualifications in partnership with awarding organisation EAL. These qualifications cover the most in-demand trio in the sector: electrical energy storage systems (EESS), electric vehicle (EV) charging installation, and fire detection and fire alarm systems.

NICEIC Technical Director Paul Collins believes these qualifications are vital: "In response to changes in the sector, and by way of maintaining technical standards, the industry is moving towards implementing stricter mandatory requirements to recognise professional expertise. This supports TESP's Electrician Plus model, which anticipates a greater focus on formal qualifications in the future."

Collins adds that NICEIC's aim is to support electricians on this journey.

"Together, we must drive the industry forward, prioritise safety, instil quality and uphold the technical integrity of the profession."

scavrn MDAE

TEST OUALIFI FFEAED BVNI TAAINING, VIS

Whychoose NICEIC Training?

Each course in NICEIC's extensive training portfolio has been designed and refined through a rigorous technical review and validation process, to make sure every detail is accurate. That means we assure the technical integrity of every training course and product. The review and validation process is ongoing; and courses are updated continuously, as technical requirements change, new regulations are introduced, or technologies evolve.

In many cases, course content can also be tailored to meet more specific requirements, ensuring you get exactly what you need.

We deliver the courses in a range of ways. That includes face to face at our training centres around the country or at your premises, or online via virtual training courses.

The courses are delivered by our expert trainers, who have years ofindustry experience, both at a practical, on-the-job level, and as educators. They really understand the industry and their trainees' jobs, and combine that understanding with huge in-depth knowledge and technical expertise.

Reassurance farcustomers Undertaking NICEIC training means you can ensure the technical integrity of all the work you do for your customers.

It gives your team the skills and knowledge to take advantage of new opportunities in a quickly changing, unpredictable world. Whatever happens next, with NICEIC training you can be sure that the technical capabilities and commercial prospects of your business will continue to improve.

RICH PICKINGS: NICEIC'S LATEST OURLIFICRTIDNS ' . , inthe ' . , inthe Requirements of FireDetection Requirements of Fire andAlarmSystems in Detection andFireAlarm Dwellings: Systems forBuildings BS5839-1:HDll: • ,.

I, thefullcontent onfiredetection and Thiscovers theunderpinning Thisfocuses Thiscovers theunderpinning Thiscovers ofBS5839-1, alarmsystems withingrades D FireDetection technical requirements technical requirements far and Fire Rtarm Systems to F, as well as covering grades A for the Installation of electric theinstallation ofelectric far Bulldtngs. and C. It Introduces key legislation It provides vehicle charging points. vehicle charging paints.

Information ontheplanning, andregulations thatapply to Thisqualification focuses an Thisquallflcatlon focuses on thedesign, installation and design, installation, therequirements ofBS7671 therequirements ofBS7671 commissioning, certification and commissioning and and reflects on the guidance andreflectsontheguidance maintenance of fire detection and maintenance of firedetection " given In the IET Code of Practice givenintheIETCode ofPractice firealarmsystems Indwellings, as andfirealarmsystems fornon- ~ Vehicle Charging forElectric Vehicle Charging forElectric '" detailed In BS 5839-6. domestic premises.

Equipment Installations.

Equipment Installations. ' . , inthe Design, Installation and Commissioning of Electrical Energy StorageSystems:

, . , inthe Requirements forthe Installation of Electric VehicleCharging:

...

------------------------------------------------"' 24 Connections WINTER 2023/24

j

THEGAEAT AETADFIT CHRLLEN Gf ByDavWAd~

WhatrolecanNICEIC-certified businesses playintheraceta retrofitresidential properties?

Webrought together NICEIC's PaulCallins andPhilMason ofTrustMark ta thrashouttheissues itigating the effects of climate change is the most urgent challenge facing humanity today.

Some progress is being made, but scientists say the pace of carbon emission reduction must accelerate if we're to avoid a catastrophic increase in global temperatures. Emissions in the UK also need to be cut more quickly if the country is to meet its legally binding commitment to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.

That can only happen if carbon emissions from homes, which account for about 20% of the UK's overall total, fall significantly. In the last issue of Connections we looked at how building new, energy efficient houses will help.

But millions of existing homes across the country will need to be retrofitted with energy efficiency technologies and measures, such as new lighting, heating and ventilation systems, Solar PV and energy storage; and improved insulation, windows and doors. The government wants as many as possible of the UK's 27 million homes to have an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rating of C or above by 2035. At present, about 19 million are rated D or below.

According to the Department for Energy, Security and Net Zero (DESNZ), we have some of the oldest housing stock in Europe, and more than 80%

26 ConnectionsWINTER 2023/24

of buildings still rely on fossil fuels for heating and have low levels of thermal efficiency. As well as helping to tackle climate change, retrofitting will benefit householders by cutting energy costs assuming they or a landlord can pay for the retrofit.

Phil Mason, Head of Regulatory Engagement at government-endorsed quality scheme TrustMark, says that about 24.5 million homes are thought to need some sort ofretrofit. Completing that work presents "a really big challenge but a fantastic opportunity" for professionals working in the built environment industries, he says.

Complex problems Retrofitting is complex, because every existing home is different. According to the BRE Trust, 36% of UK homes were built before 1945 and 55% before 1965, when a legal requirement to include thermal insulation in new housing was introduced. It's thought that as many as 50% of UK homes have walls that have no insulation, and many homes contain materials or features that will make retrofitting more difficult.

"There's no template for this," says NICEIC's Technical Director, Paul Collins. "Every home will have different requirements, from upgrading the whole

GOVERNMENT TARGETS FDA ENEAGIJ EFFICIENCIJ INTHEHOME • The UK government's ambitions for reducing household energy consumption and carbon emissions form part of an overall plan for the UK to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, made legally binding by an Act of Parliament in 2008.

• By 2035 "as many homes as possible" should have an EPC rating of C or above, in accordance with the government's EPC Action Plan, published in 2020.

• In November 2023, the Chancellor, Jeremy Hunt, announced the creation of an Energy Efficiency Taskforce, which will work towards a 15%reduction in energy consumption by buildings and industry by 2030.

Other targets include huge growth in the market for installing heat pumps, with a goal of600,000 installations per year by 2028. According to the government, 72,000 heat pumps were installed in 2022.

Thiswillbebig

KEU ELEMENTS OFRN ELECTAICRL AETADFIT Electrical contractors and others working on retrofit projects might install and maintain: • energy efficient lighting systems • energy efficient heating controls, perhaps including sensor-monitored systems • Solar PV systems • energy storage systems • electric vehicle charging points • supplies for heat pumps and/ or other energy efficient heating technologies (some contractors may install some of these technologies themselves) • ventilation and other cooling systems • home automation systems to control some of the above, optimising energy efficiency wiring system as part of a rewire, to installing Solar PV systems." He says this could offer electrical contractors "a great opportunity to diversify", noting increases in certified businesses installing Solar PV and energy storage systems. He also expects more NICE IC-certified businesses to move into the provision of mechanical services, including installing heat pumps.

Whether contractors diversify to the extent that they can deliver a complete retrofit, or whether they work alongside other contractors to do so, best practice is based on a 'whole house' retrofit, with work on different aspects of the home coordinated and installed in an order that makes practical sense.Usually this means 'fabric first', starting with alterations to the fabric of the building before moving on to electrical works and other measures (see 'Key elements of an electrical retrofit', '1; above). This also means retrofitting can be ] completed in separate phases if necessary f;l "E (often for budgetary reasons).

Whole house projects can be based ..c: " .,l i:i:: on the PAS 2035 standard, which helps

contractors and clients choose the most appropriate energy efficiency measures for a specific property; and PAS 2030, which specifies installation requirements for energy efficiency measures in existing homes. The NICEIC PAS 2030 Installer Scheme enables contractors to demonstrate compliance.

Some contractors will also work on large-scale retrofit projects for social housing, which should provide useful opportunities to develop best practice to be used elsewhere (see 'B3Living and Breyer Group retrofit social housing', overleaf). Some may work on retrofitting former commercial premises, such as shops or offices, to turn them into energy

efficient homes (see 'Transforming nonresidential buildings into energy-efficient homes', overleaf).

Adding skills Collins advises Connections readers seeking to increase their involvement in retrofitting to consider which skills may need to be added to those already within the business, via training or recruitment.

Customer-facing skills will be important too, to enable up selling of complementary energy efficiency measures or maintenance services. NICEIC-certified businesses can become trusted advisers to customers who are considering using these technologies, he adds.

"Whether contractors ... candeliver a complete retrofit, orwhether theywork alongside other contractors todoso,best practice isbased ona 'whole house' retrofit" WINTER 2023/24

Connections27

MEM classic

Tried 6 Tested Cost Effective Time Saving Memshield 1 6 2 Available From Your Local Electrical Wholesaler The main product ranges that are available include: MBH, MCH, MOH 6 MDL 1.2.3 and 4 pole MCBs and MR30 RCBO pods for use with MEMSHIELD 2 boards and Bill Talisman Plus Boards.

Memera 2000 range of domestic consumer unit MCBs plus OB, MB, MC, MD 6K 6 9K used with MEMSHIELD 1 Made in the original UK MEM Holyhead Factory

POWERQUALITY

• POWER QUALITYSURVEYS• HARMONIC SURVEYS• POWER QUALITYHEALTHCHECK•

EXPERT

EXPERTIN THE MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSISOF POWERQUALITY

POWERQUALITYEXPERTis the specialist provider of Power Quality and Harmonic Surveys, EN50160Compliance Reports, Load Profiling and Power Quality Training.

T. 0333 7331337 E. info@powerqualityexpert.com

W. powerqualityhealthcheck.com W. powerqualityclinic.com

W. powerqualityexpert.com W. powerqualitytraining.com AUTHORISED REPRESENTATIVES ANDAPPROVED IMPORT AGENTS FORSONELS.AANDELECTREX AKSESRL

• ENERGY LOADPROFILE SURVEYS• EN50160 COMPLIANCE SURVEYS• POWER QUALITY CLINIC•POWER QUALITY TRAINING•ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS•

Thiswillbebig

"If you're doing a rewire, you can ask 'Are you thinking about getting an electric vehicle in the future? If so, you can start putting in wiring systems for that now, to save disruption and cost later'," Collins says. "You can talk about retrofitting heat pumps. There are lots of options on how to offer advice and support, to make this transition to a lower carbon home."

This advisory role is also important because there needs to be a "cultural shift" for consumers using some of these technologies. Mason gives the example of switching from gas-fired central heating, which produces plenty of heat quickly, to a heat pump, which has a lower temperature output so needs to run for longer periods to maintain a temperature inside the home.

Shaping policy The scale of the challenges and potential opportunities associated with the drive to retrofit existing homes is not yet matched by policy commitments from government and other funders, although progress is being made. NICEIC, TrustMark and other built environment industry bodies are actively representing industry in helping to shape government policy in this area (see p26). Collins thinks one of the most important things policymakers could do would be to take a more consistent approach. "Many businesses are hesitant to invest in training and upskilling, because the government changes direction too often," he says.

The DESNZ spokesperson says the government's Heat and Buildings Strategy, published in 2021, sets out actions it will take to reduce carbon emissions from buildings, providing

B3LIVING AND BAEUEA GROUP AETAOFIT SOCIAL HOUSING Southeast Hertfordshire housing association (HA) B3Livinghas partnered with Breyer Group, a property services provider and NICEIC-certified business, as part of a successful consortium bid to the government's Social HousingDecarbonisation Fund. That means the HA can embark on a series of retrofit assessments for customers' homes across Hertfordshire.

"We see this work as a priority," says Chris Ellison, B3Living's Executive Director (Operations). "Decarbonisation isn't a 'nice to have'.

It's directly linked to energy efficiency, the cost ofliving, damp and mould, and overall quality of life."

Some of the older properties B3Living owns don't yet have an EPC rating of C or above, which is needed to meet net-zero targets by 2030.

B3Livingbrought in Breyer Group to survey more than 400 homes, and work at the first 263 properties was scheduled to start in early December 2023. The work will include the installation of external, internal, cavity wall, loft and underfloor insulation, along with undercut doors to prevent draughts. Electrical works will encompass ventilation measures, including bathroom and kitchen extractor fans, plus installation of Solar PV and air-source heat pumps.

B3Living hopes that its commitment to energy efficiency, reducing carbon emissions and alleviating fuel poverty will inspire others in the housing sector. The energy efficiency measures being installed will certainly have a positive and lasting impact on the lives of the HA's customers and - by reducing environmental impacts - on the wider community.

NICEIC Approved Contractor Vision Building

Services in Stockton-on-Tees has worked on projects of TRANSFORMING NONthis kind, including converting a former office building Stockton into two eco-friendlytwo-bedroom RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS INTOinhomes, for housing association (HA) Thirteen. The ENERGV-EFFICIENT HOMES HA provides homes for more than 73,000 people in the north-east, Yorkshire and Humber regions.

Retrofitting processes can also be applied to other types of properties that might be converted into energy efficient, low-emission homes, such as former shops, offices and other commercial premises.

These sorts of conversions come at a much lower cost, in financial and carbon emission terms, than demolishing and replacing the existing buildings.

The project included installing insulation, lowenergy lighting systems, Solar PV, Solar Thermal hot water system, plus a ventilation heat recovery system that provides fresh filtered air but retains energy used to heat the homes to maintain a comfortable temperature. The heating system uses ceilingmounted infra-red heating panels with zoned controls.

WINTER 2023/24

Connections29

Thiswillbebig

"a clear long-term framework to enable industry to invest and deliver the transition to low-carbon heating".

Progress should also be boosted by the National Retrofit Hub, a cross-industry, not-for-profit organisation launched in March 2023, with key built environment industry partners including Innovate UK and TrustMark.

Mason wonders whether more measures to support owner-occupiers seeking to retrofit their homes need further development. That would sit alongside existing support available via

initiatives such as the Social Housing Decarbonisation Fund or the Home Upgrade Grant.

"The average cost of a retrofit could be as much as £30,000, so we need more funding mechanisms to support people to pay for those improvements," he says.

Mason can also see the potential for productive collaboration between businesses working on retrofit projects.

"There's a fabulous opportunity for the trades to come together, through formal or informal cooperatives, where they can refer work between themselves."

AWHOLE HOME RETROFIT Best practice for retrofitting homes is based on a 'whole house' approach, in which modifications to the home are completed in a coordinated way, installed in an order that makes practical sense. This will usually mean 'fabric first', with insulation and other modifications to the fabric of a building completed before other changes, including most if not all of the electrical retrofit. The first phase might include installation or renewal ofloft, wall and floor insulation, windows and doors, along with simple measures like draught exclusion and pipework insulation, before elements of an electrical retrofit can be added. Retrofitting can be completed in separate phases, building future-proofing and adaptability into the emerging infrastructure.

Contractors can use the PAS 2035 standard to evaluate and choose the most appropriate energy efficiency measures for a specific property.

The Low Energy Transformation Initiative (LETI), a network of more than 1,000 built environment professionals, has created a Climate Emergency Retrofit Guide, outlining its views on best practice for whole home retrofits. It can be found at leti.uk/retrofit

30 ConnectionsWINTER 2023/24

NICEIC works with the government and regulators to help shape policy that supports retrofitting and other elements of the drive towards net zero, giving our industry a voice in policymaking.

NICEIC's work includes: • working with the government on its Electrification of Heat strategy • supporting changes to building regulations and standards to support the drive to net zero • working with MCS and other industry stakeholders to support standards development Collins agrees. "I think that's a fantastic idea: you can learn from each other," and adds that it will also help consumers to learn more about using lowenergy technologies in the home.

"The utopia would be that consumers know what to ask for: they know that work done on their home needs to be to these standards, with these requirements," he says. "So then it becomes business as usual for the contractors."

But, like the climate scientists, Collins also wants to see faster progress.

"Over 24 million homes is a lot of properties to be brought up to a sensible standard for energy efficiency," he says.

"We've got concerns around labour shortages. There's a great opportunity, but there's a lot of work to do and we need to accelerate the pace. It's the right time to get involved - and NICEIC will support that as much as we can."

Reduceyourbills...

Get an Electrocorder

Dataloggers that can saveyou a fortune.

Helping you carry out comprehensive energy audits.

Electrocorderis a good investment.

ac1<sen> sales@acksen.com www.acksen.com

Answer these:WHYare you drawing CURRENT at night?

WHERE(the hell) is the ENERGY going?

WHENis that machine RUNNING? WHO is switching stuff ON at the weekend?

WTF

Houses ofhorror

Infuture issues, wewanttofeature yourgreatrepair workalongside thebotched jobs.Please send andafterphotos to before

Thelatesthowlers spatted by vigilant readers

Mark Doherty of MD Electrics Northwest in Stockport says this property's main 100 amp switch on the consumer unit had signs of overheating and burning starting to occur owing to arcing. "Aloose main neutral was the cause ofit as the sheath was melted." He ended up having to upgrade a consumer unit, "which rectified the issue" and the rest of the non-compliant findings.

Liam Butcher of Elevate Electrical in the Welsh village ofHengoed found this - an addition to an existing installation. A new extension to the property required a new feed for a pre-installed consumer unit.

He recommended an EICR to gain an understanding of the existing condition and health of the electrical installation, and found extremely high z. and Z, results.

The remedy was to immediately isolate the supply as there was no earthing conductor present (as the bond to the gas/water was 'acting' as the only means ofearth) and to call out the DNO as a matter ofurgency until the PME link was provided by the national grid. "Once that was done, I could perform the Z, test and ensure there was a sufficient earth via PME and the values were within specification of BS 7671."

David Donnelly of Phase Electrical and Security in Glos sop was called out to look at a kitchen first fix in Bollington, and spotted that "the plumber had decided the main service head was in his way!"

He called out Electricity North West and "amazingly they simply tie-wrapped it back 'upright"'. The electricity company's survey team agreed to relocate the service head in the cellar, "which is fortunately below the kitchen", Donnelly adds.

WINTER 2023/24

Connections 33

anaD 3000 SERIES •

®

The European Market Leader in Home Life Safety

FULL CIRCLE PROTECTION Simple and intelligent,

the 3000 Series provides whole property

coverage.

~

~

MULTI-SENSOR FIRE & CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM

HEAT & CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM

~□

~□

I

•

_)(_

n

The technologically advanced 3000 Series includes both Multi-Sensor and Single-Sensor alarms, detecting Fire and Carbon Monoxide from just one range, while maintaining the simplicity that Installers love.

Add the Ei3000MRF for wireless interconnection and data extraction the EilOOOG Gateway

via

Smart, connected and future-proof.

www.aico.co.uk

I 01691 664100 I enquiries@aico.co.uk

O. 0@)0.

--==--

an Ei Company

ESF'S NEW BEST PRACTICE GUIDE:

EICAs For the first time, minimum standards for an EICR are set out in a new guide from Electrical Safety First (ESF).

Best Practice Guide 10: Electrical safety standards in the private rented sector offers new guidance on how to conduct thorough electrical safety checks on private rentals, and how to report properly on any defects.

The guide is aimed at electricians along with landlords, letting agents and tenants. It helps electricians better understand what's expected of them, how to define the extent and limitations

of an EICR, and how to report properly.

According to ESF's Electrical Installation and Safety Engineer David Powell (pictured), an EICR can cover lots of areas, so it's vital that

the electrician agrees with the landlord or person ordering the work what is and isn't included in the safety check.

"This new guide is the first ofits kind to address this problem," Powell says. "It sets the bar for the minimum standard to expect, what should be inspected and tested, and what should be recorded clearly in the extent and limitations Electrical@ Safety First section of an EICR, and elsewhere in the report."

Best Practice Guide 10 is the latest in the charity's best practice guide series, which offers free expert advice and information on technical issues concerning electrical Best-PracticeGuide installation work.

Minimumspecification for pe-rlodlc Visit bit.ly/ inspectionand testing of the flxtd clectrkallnstallatlonInprluatermttd BestPracticeGuidelO ruidentlal accommodotlon luue1 for the full report.

ElectricalSafety Standards in the Private Rented Sector

10

WINTER2023/24

Connedions 35

Need toknow

~ouc!]

PUMPED ABOUT REPORT NICEIC welcomes thepublication oftheHeat Pump Association's latestreport,Unlocking widescale heatpumpdeployment intheUK. It combines well-founded research with policyrecommendations, bridging acrucial knowledge gap.

Rsweapproach deadlines farachieving netzero,thefocuswillshifttowardsthe electrification of heatinhomes.

Heat pumps areoneofthecornerstones of thistransition, andthebuilding services industrywillplayacrucialroleinmaking thisswitchhappen.

Fardetails,visitheatpumps.arg.uk/ resources/industry-reports

CERTIFIED

COMING UP: IMPROVED MCS Theredeveloped Micrageneratian Certification Scheme [MCSJ willlaunch thissummer.

It's bytheresponses informed NICEIC andothers putforwardregarding-among atherissues -the introduction afrisk-based assessment, surveillance; the whichpermitsupta100% removal afconsumer cadeapproval; anda focusantechnical assessment withdocument requirements significantly reduced.

According ta MCS, theproposals "aimed ta reduce thecomplexity afthecertification scheme thatsitsaround standards, and MCS ta resetthescheme's consumer protections ta givepeople theconfidence thattheyneedta engage withsmall-scale renewables".

Thenewscheme, standards and associated documents andprocesses were bytheendaf i!Oi!3. dueta bepublished

HIGH RATINGS FDA POCKET GUIDES APP TheNICEIC PocketGuides Appis goingfromstrengthto strength.Sinceits revamp, it's still hugelypopular,maintaining its ratingof4.7*ontheAppleAppStore,and hasbeendownloaded morethan55,000times.Available for iDSandAndroiddevices throughtheAppStoreandGoogle Play,its arsenalof cutting-edge resources empowers all NICEIC-certified businesses.

~OLIC~

SOLAR PVRED TAPE SLASHED

■

•ICEIC

SolarPVinstallation workshouldincrease, as marehomeowners andbusiness nalongerhave ta gathrough theplanning system.

Thenewpermitted development rights rulesinclude removing thel MWrestriction farindustrial raaftapsolar,andhameswith flatraafswillbeableta installpanels without planning permission, bringing rulesinline withthosefarbusinesses.

Andthechanges willmakeit easierfarpanels ta beinstalled in canopies abovecarparks,if theyaremarethan 10mawayfrompeople's homes.

These changes willsupport"hundreds af long-term skilledBritishjabs",saysMinister far Energy Security andNetZeraGraham Stuart.

POCKET GUIDES

!

......... ...... .... ........ ... . .........

,_,,,

Download now GET IT ON

• Google Play

36 Connections WINTER 2023/24

'a

E

i-

STATEMENT: AUTUMN

thatyouwill pay5%VAT[instead Thismeans of80%)whenyoubuyorinstallenergy-saving foryourselforyourcustomers. materials Plansarealsoinplaceto reformthe including process, electricitygridconnection GWofcapacity.Thisshould freeingupoverlDD to the makeit easierto connectinstallations grid,whichwillalsobeableto accommodate energysources. theUK,the morerenewable Andthroughout autumnstatementcontained boundaries.

TheChancellor's astudy isto commission Thegovernment will alsoprovidegrantsandloans government somegoodnewsfortheelectricalindustry, installheatpumps. onhowto maketheelectricitydistribution to helpbusinesses Dani Headof Standards, saysNICEIC's networkfit for netzero,whichcouldleadto i!Dil4,VATreliefwill be FromFebruary for thegovernment Putney."Wecommend suchas moreefficientandreliablepowersupply. materials, forenergy-saving expanded oftheselfthesignificance acknowledging highlightsthechancellor's ECA forbothcharitable Meanwhile, heatpumps, andsmallbusinessowners,andfor water-source employed to ending"thescourgeof commitment acrosstheUK. buildings andnon-charitable takingstepsto supporttradespeople.

FromAprili!Dil4, for SMEs. latepayments", will help "We'reoptimisticthesechanges biddingfor biggovernment companies andencourage electricians retaincompetent they contractswill needto demonstrate morepeopleto enterthesector,"sheadds. these optimistic "We're of55days, payinvoiceswithinanaverage "Andgiventherisingcostof living,these willhelpretain changes taperingto 30daysinthecomingyears. aretimely." changes buildsonECA's Theannouncement andsmallbusinesses Theself-employed and work electricians competent to the business asanadviseronSME will paylesstaxontheirprofits,withthe if contractors to Office.Currently, morepeople Cabinet pledgeto cutself-employment encourage government's provetheypay90%of invoiceswithin taxesandreducethemainrateof class4 selfAndgiven can't enterthesector. from SDdays,they'relikelyto beexcluded contributions nationalinsurance employed contracts. government from9%to 8%. costofliving, therising in for ECA "Thisis a hugeachievement Andif plansto deducttaxontrainingcosts aretimely" levelling changes environment upthecommercial goahead,soletradersandtheself-employed these operate,"saysAob inwhichourmembers for will beableto claimmoreexpenses DaniPutney OfficeSME Driscoll,ChairoftheCabinet trainingcoursesandqualifications. advisorypaymentgroupandDirectorof Legal to Therewill bemoreopportunities "It clearlydemonstrates for ECA. 6 Business upskill,followingthepledgeto investE5Dm that liquidityof supplychainsandcash trainingand to encourage inapilotscheme flowarepoliticalpriorities.averthepast ingrowthsectors[suchas apprenticeships hasworkedtirelesslywith 84months,ECA andremovebarriersto greenindustries), softwareproviders, payment its members, apprenticeships. entryfor high-value Leadership industrypress,theConstruction Forthoseadoptingnewtechnologies, and for Business theDepartment Council, for business El45mhasbeenearmarked Office,andanallianceof a theCabinet Trade, of thedecarbonisation including innovation, theurgent dozentradebodiesto underscore and industries,batteryinnovation foundation payment needfor reformandto elevateSME criticaltechnologies. termswithinthepoliticalagenda." restrictionswill beeased InEngland, i!Dil3isatgov.uk Thefullautumnstatement oninstallingheatpumpsnearproperty

WELCOME ECA AND NICEIC TDTAXRULES CHANGES

WINTER 2023/24

Connections37

Need toknow

NICEIC'S IMPACT ATREXEL CONNECT l

ELECTRICIANS 'CRUCIAL' FDA LOW-CARBON FUTURE, SAUS SHADOW MINISTER Alan Whitehead MP, Shadow Energy Electrical skills and their importance in driving the UK towards net zero took Minister, said Labour's mission was to centre stage in parliament make Britain a clean energy super-power, in November. which would create and The ECA's longsustain good jobs across awaited event, the country.

Recharging Electrical "Electricians will be Skills, brought together absolutely crucial for members, skills providers Nearly 40%ofelectrotechnical delivering many of the and MPs in the House of business owners arestruggling low-carbon technologies Commons. The aim of the electrotechnical and withskillsandlabour shortages,that will form the engineering services body backbone of our future according toanewsurvey. green economy," he said was to raise awareness of Thelatestquarterly survey, the electrical contracting backedbyECA, BESA, SELECT at the event.

"We need to make sector's role, and to andSNIPEF, revealsnearlyi! highlight the skills gap. sure that our skills in5 respondents [3B%1 cited Andrew Eldred, ECA system is set up to labour shortages as the biggest train the electricians Director ofWorkforce threatto theirbusiness.

Those of the future and and Public Affairs, respondents withvacancies explained the need for meet the growing blamedpayexpectations being needs of households more apprentice starts toohigh[57%),applicants and qualified electricians, and businesses in improved support for job lackingtherightskills[46%) and the transition to placements, and a more cheaper, cleaner toofewapplicants [41%). energy." robust skills pipeline.

WECA

InJanuary, NICEIC's technical expertsfielded Questions fromcontractors Connect at REXEL Livein Glasgow.

Visitorstathe showQuizzed theman anything relatedtaBS7671 □r theirassessment.

Meanwhile, Energy Efficiency Schemes Manager IJeates delivered Daniel a CPD-accredited seminar covering thefundamentals ofElectrical Energy Storage Systems.

[See□urwebinar anniceic.c□m/thewire.J The session washugely popular withpeople considering thistechnology asan opportunity ta grow theirbusiness.

THE WIRE'S LATEST HOT TOPICS Thelatestseriesof ourpopularCPD-accredited webinarseries THE WIRE coverssomekeythemes.TheseincludeBestPractice Guide10explained: electricalsafetystandards ~---------. intheprivaterentedsector;de-escalating / difficultconversations; electricalfundamentals: understanding theadiabaticequation; electrotechnical assessment: theimportance of•----------

supervision andtrainingrequirements for yourbusiness; andtop tipsfor completing certificatesandreports:electricalinstallation 6 minorworkscertificates.

Freeandexclusive to NICEIC-certified businesses, youcanwatchthemon-demand, and still getyourCPD certificate.Formoreinformation visit niceic.com/thewire

TJYif IMZl'EJ

38 Connections WINTER 2023/24

Marshall Tufflex

UKOWNED UK MANUFACTURER

~11!':::iji ~

~

ICON DESKTOP MODULES Distinctive, modern desktop modules with two individually switched UK power sockets and integral USB A and USB C charging ports as standard

CONNECTIONS MAGAZINE GOES TD38,000 ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS. Toadvertiseinfutureissues, pleasecontactTolaOnasanya 7717187 oremail onmma tola.onasanya@thinkpublishing.co.uk

•

/THEWIREl•IGEIG Live and on-demand THE WIRE is our in-depth, CPD-accredited webinar series which covers the topics that matter most.

Exclusiveto NICEIC-certified businesses THE WIRE delivers everything you need to enhance your knowledge, quiz our experts and engage with peers in the industry from the comfort of your own home or workplace.

Upcomingwebinars

e De-escalating difficult conversations. e Electrical fundamentals: understanding the adiabatic equation.

e Electrotechnical assessment: the importance of supervision and training requirements for your business.

e Top tips for completing certificates and reports: electrical installation & minor works certificates.

e Top tips for completing certificates and reports: electrical installation condition reports (EICRs).

Asktheteam

aayouhave a technical query?

CALL OUR THEKEV OUESTIDNS HELPLINE ON

VOU'VE BEEN ASKING USAECENTLV.03330156628 DVEATD HELPLINE ...

VDU, TEAM

Ourtechnical engineers answer yourquestions onavariety oftopics, including calculating maximum demand andtesting insulation resistance I have just completed afull rewire of a house and I am now producing the Electrical Installation Certificate.

Who is the designer of the installation?

The designer is the person or organisation responsible for all aspects of the installation design, such as the selection of protective devices, sizing of cables; and selection of the method of installation, suitable equipment, and precautions for special locations.

While the final positioning of socketoutlets, lights switches and so on is considered to be layout detail and not electrical design, the electrical designer has to ensure that the proposed positions of the installed equipment will allow compliance with the requirements of BS 7671.

The client or installation user may decide where they require such items to be positioned, but the sizing and method of installing the cables and the selection of suitable equipment and the like are matters for the designer.

Why do meter tails longer than 8 m require additional switchgear?

Meter tails are a particular type of distribution circuit. Like all conductors they must be protected against overcurrent (430.3) and be provided with a means ofisolation (462.2).

An overload protective device is not required at the origin of an installation where a distributor has provided a device and has agreed to its use to protect that part of the installation between the origin and the main distribution point, where further overload protection is then provided (433.3.1), as is the case for meter tails.

Similarly, a fault protective device need not be provided at the origin of an installation where the distributor has provided one or more fault current protective devices and agrees that this device provides such protection to that part of the installation between the origin of the installation and main distribution point, provided that the wiring is installed in a manner that reduces the risk of fault, fire or danger to persons to a minimum (434.3).

Most electricity distributors will permit their cut-out fuse to be the means of overcurrent protection and isolation for the meter tails, where the tails do not exceed the maximum permitted length set by them.

While a maximum length of3 mis often quoted, it is recommended that the relevant distributor is contacted to confirm their particular conditions on this matter.

How do I carry out an insulation resistance test on a fixed installation when current-using equipment is connected?

Effective insulation provides basic protection against contact with live parts, and prevents short-circuits and earth faults. An insulation resistance test of an installation is intended to give an indication of the condition of the insulation of the installation's conductors.

Every installation should be inspected and tested to verify, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the requirements of BS 7671 have been met, both during erection and on completion before being put into service (641.1).

All conductors should be subjected to insulation resistance testing prior to current-using equipment being connected (643.3.1 & 643.3.3) at the appropriate test voltage stated in Table 64 of BS 7671 (643.3.2).

Such testing verifies the conductors' insulation remains effective after installation.

Following the connection of equipment and, in the case of testing carried out during a periodic inspection, insulation resistance testing should be carried out at 250 V DC with the test voltage applied between live conductors connected together and the protective conductor connected to the earthing arrangement.

Regardless of the applied test voltage the measured insulation resistance should not be less than 1 MQ (643.3.3). In some cases, a manufacturer may recommend that certain items of equipment should be disconnected during such insulation resistance testing as its connection may affect the test results obtained.

The NICEIC publication Inspection, Testing and Certification provides further guidance on insulation resistance testing.

How do I calculate the maximum demand of a domestic electrical installation?

The maximum demand of an installation should be determined to allow for the economic and reliable design of an installation within thermal limits and admissible volt drop (311.1).

The purpose of the assessment is to establish whether or not the rating of the supply to the installation will be sufficient for the purpose for which the installation is intended.

In order to determine the maximum demand, sufficient information is needed about the characteristics of the available supply, connected loads, how the installation is likely to be used and any diversity factors that may be applied.

Where additional sources of supply are operating in a prosumer's electrical installation (PEI), extra care must be taken when determining the maximum demand for the supply to critical loads to prevent inverter overload or premature battery drain.

The economic design of an electrical installation will almost always mean that diversity factors have to be applied to relevant circuits. By allowing for diversity, the designer recognises that the maximum demand of the installation is less than the connected load. This is because at any one time only a certain number ofitems of current-using equipment are likely to be in use. If an allowance is not made for diversity this will typically lead to the available supply being considered to be inadequate for the load.

For example, there is no restriction within BS 7671 on the number of13 A socket-outlets that can be connected to a circuit.

Without applying diversity factors, a circuit having fifteen 13 A socket-outlets would have a potential load of approximately 196 A, which would exceed the current-carrying capacity of any supply to a domestic installation (typically 60 A, 80 A or 100 A).

A variety of methods exist for estimating the maximum demand of an installation. The adopted method will depend on the information available at the time the calculation is carried out. For most installations, the estimated maximum demand will be an approximation since there is no exact method for calculating maximum demand in all circumstances.

D SamDonaghy Headaftechnical advice and practice H Duncan Mcfarlane D George Georgiou D MarkBarnes-Aider (I PaulDudley IiiCraigKempD LeeDaglishIII BobbyMullarkey III MarkCooper[TI]JonathanDare

mCraigCunningham (fil SteveClifton

WINTER 2023/24

Connections 43

c+Training the profession for over 20 years.

Train with NICEICand you'll learn cutting-edge skills from some of the industry's most experienced trade professionals. Our qualifications will help you stand out from the crowd and are trusted by customers across the UK. From regulatory must-haves to the latest technologies and renewables, our courses give you all the know-how you need to build your career and take advantage of new opportunities.

60+ courses covering:

ct) Electrical Q)1)Renewable Technology ~]1) Emergency Lighting, Fire Detection & Alarms

~i Business Support When you can get training from the most recognised certification body in the UK, why go anywhere else?

c+ Find out more and book online at shop.niceic.com

•

IIIIIIEIII TRAINING

Technical

Technical

MEDICAL ITSVSTEMS Objective: This is the second article in a series looking at Section 710 of BS 7671 for electrical installations in medical locations, and, in particular, aims to consider the requirements for the use of medical IT systems within a Group 2 location.

Introduction As discussed in the article 'Introduction to medical locations' in Connections Issue 227, to mitigate the increased risk to patients in a Group 2 medical location, the total loss of power due to a fault or a failure of supply should be prevented (710.512.1.2).

Where such risk ofloss of supply is considered greater than the risk associated with the existence of a fault, then an isolating transformer to BS EN 61558-2-15 is to be used providing galvanic separation. This transformer in conjunction with the medical grade insulation monitoring device (MED-IMD) and other components such as insulation fault monitors and temperature alarms form the medical (IT) system configuration.

In general installations, IT systems using isolation transformers are typically recognised as one of the means of providing protection against electric shock with live parts isolated from Earth, or while connected to Earth through a suitably high impedance (411.6.1).

However, due to the increased risk to patients, the medical IT system is not primarily used to provide protection against electric shock.

Medical ITsystem use The principal purpose of the medical IT system in a Group 2 location is to improve the resilience of a final circuit supplying socket-outlets. This effectively provides protection against first (earth) fault, allowing a single earth fault to exist on

46 Connections

WINTER2023/24

IT system distributionboard

Medical isolating

L1 L2

Loadmonitoring

transformerwith earthed screen

\..er

E 230VOutput

Two separate circuitsper patient location

L1 L2

PTC Thermistor

E Protective bonding conductor Insulation monitor

Supplementary

====•

equipotential

bonding

Medical location alarm panel Equipotential bonding

busbar(EBB)

Fig 1 A typical medical IT system arrangement a final circuit while maintaining the leakage current within an acceptable limit. During this period the insulation monitor will activate while the fault location equipment (where installed) will identify which final circuit is experiencing a low insulation fault.

At this point, while the fault remains, which could be on Ll or L2 (L2 being the conductor usually connected to the 'N' on the BS 1363 socket-outlet) the socketoutlets from that medical IT system are effectively TN socket outlets without RCD protection.

In the event of a second fault to earth occurring on the other 'leg' of

the transformer to earth for any other connected circuit, the overcurrent protective device(s) must meet the requirements automatic disconnection of the supply (ADS). Unless the second fault occurs on the same circuit, where a second fault occurs it is likely that two final circuits are affected. Therefore, appropriate action must be taken by the users of the systems when the alarms are sounded.

Fig 1 shows a typical medical IT system arrangement in which there is no direct connection between live parts and Earth. However, the exposed-conductiveparts of the installation are earthed.

Technical

Medical IT systems may be housed in a floor-standing cabinet (see Fig 2) incorporating the distribution board to BS EN 61439 series with overcurrent protective devices for final circuits within the location, ancillary devices for communication and/or monitoring, and the isolation transformer in accordance with BS EN 61558-2-15. In many cases, it may also be necessary to incorporate cooling to prevent excessive temperatures affecting operation of installed equipment.

Manufacturers of such systems often produce equipment having a current rating of 4 - 10 kVA (18 A - 44 A) which may incorporate single-phase 230 V 50 Hz isolation transformers, or where required, multiple transformers.

Where a medical IT system is to be used in a Group 2 location, it should comply with the requirements of710.411.6.3.1, 710.411.6.3.2 and 710.512.1.1. These relate to alarms and indicators with the latter regulation relating to the position of the medical IT system with respect to the medical location it serves.

Regulation 710.411.6 identifies that medical IT systems are to be used to supply ME equipment and ME systems, although it should be recognised that not all equipment is compatible for use on medical IT systems. Items of equipment that should not be connected to the medical IT system are identified below.

It should be noted that the list is not exhaustive.

• Supplies to provide movement of fixed operating tables.

• X-ray equipment.

• Large equipment with a rated power greater than 5 kVA. Where a group of rooms are used to provide the same patient treatment, regulation 710.411.6.3.1 requires at least one medical IT system be provided.

In addition, at least one single-phase transformer shall be provided for the

Fig 2 Floor-standing medical IT system incorporating and distribution system supply of the medical IT system per room, or for functional groups ofrooms. The rated output of each transformer shall not be less than 0.5 kVA and shall not exceed 10 kVA (710.512.1.1 (ii)).

A typical example may include a pair of neighbouring operating theatres. For resilience of supply, each theatre may have a separate medical IT system while sharing an equal number of distributed circuits between the two locations.

Where the medical IT system is required to supply a three-phase load, a separate three-phase transformer shall be provided (710.512.1.1 (iii)).

The medical IT transformer should be located on the same floor level and be contained within the same fire compartment as the medical location they supply. However, the note to regulation 710.512.1.1 implies that where it may be impractical or difficult to locate the medical IT system within the same fire compartment, additional measures may be provided to achieve equivalent compliance.

Similarly, regulation 710.511.1 requires that any associated distribution board supplying circuits in a Group 2 medical location shall be installed on the same floor level, immediately adjacent to or, where permitted, in locations that they

transformers

supply. In such case, clear labelling shall be provided.

The intention of these regulations, in addition to that of equipment manufacturer's instructions, is for the medical IT distribution systems to be installed as close as possible to the clinical process they serve, and in particular, provide a constant means of accessibility to such equipment in case of a system fault.

When selecting a suitable location for the installation of the medical IT system, preventative measures must be applied to mitigate the thermal impact and any excessive heat produced by the transformer(s) during normal use.

Although the windings of a medical IT transformer are typically designed to operate in excess oflO0 °C prior to activating an alarm during an overload condition, the heat produced during normal use may influence the operating characteristics of overcurrent protective devices, typically mounted at high level within the IT cabinet. Similarly, excessive heat may create a risk of damage to neighbouring batteries used for the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems.

Adequate ventilation or suitable means of cooling should therefore WINTER2023/24 Connedions 47

Free and exclusive to NICEIC-certified businesses

Expert guidance • 1n your pocket.

~n:,';~!:~:,~; ,:v;; ~YPre11cm /he add1t

171:1:a~~r a~tect !he new w

~ msrauar,o/sh~~~;~i~:~~

~n~~,:·1: 01~:~li~ncc st1ould est Practice tirttic, 9ll•dAn r"-Wwp !1 Ulde,: Pub/1511

G

t,ri

JI (I,

:,::11ould

prom,:i'c

lyf

to

,eporr any iss

~~:~~~:;n Nerw

Scan the QR Code to update or visit

niceic.com/pocketgu ides

Our award-winning NICEIC Pocket Guides App

■

just got better ...

11111:EII: POCKET GUIDES

Our NICEIC Pocket Guides App gives you easy access to many handy technical guides. Update or download to take advantage of new features ...

(i)

e

Technical helpline access Contact our team from the app for expert advice.

Two new Pocket Guides Covering invaluable guidance on Electric Vehicle Charging installations and installation methods for flat twin and earth cables.

0

e

Gas Pocket Guides Providing comprehensive insights for gas engineers.

0

,,---111

_::-;::;.,-:c.'qj ~Conlan>gal>alll

+Calculate

Access related resources Enhance your knowledge by accessing related webinars, articles and best practice guides from each Pocket Guide.

-

"Hi

~ ~

e

Find what you need. fast!

0

-

Stay up-to-date!

Receive push notifications for instant access updates.

GETITON

-lionProceckft

_I" Nt&ilfHi'·M

!_

Filter guides you need, and add them to your 'favourites'.

SH!i'ii·M

PocketGuicle2

♦ Google Play

"HMl!:Hl'IM

,,.,, <::>

Ill

Technical

Red

Warning- immediate response by the OPERATOR is required

Yellow

Caution - prompt response by the OPERATOR is required

Green

Ready for use

Anyother colour

Meaning is other than that for red, yellow or green

10:20 10:20:52 @ffi'@

i 21 c ~~@

Qj[ij[jjj ,' 40 ' 001!:ii*T ~ O!2:!.O 0@~

,:

()

X

The term 'any other colour' relates to the fact that red, yellow and green are reserved for the functions identified above

:,,@,.., ~-·

••••

0

• • 0

:~-· ..•®·•=

••••

Fig 3 User interface panel with circuit fault identification capability

be provided in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions to minimise the thermal impact on such equipment.

Leakage current Regulation 710.411.6 of BS 7671 places a limit on the total leakage current for medical IT systems which should not exceed 10 mA. This limit takes account of the maximum permitted leakage current of 0.5 mA for the IT transformer output winding to earth and the leakage current of the enclosure when supplied at a rated voltage and frequency. This maximum value also includes the total leakage current of all final circuits connected to the medical IT distribution system under no-load, and while taking account of the cable's capacitance (710.411.6 and 710.512.1.1 refer). The purpose of this is to limit the length ofrun of medical IT system final circuits by making the designer consider the capacitive leakage current of the final circuits.

Installation designers should therefore refer to cable manufacturers' data when determining the total leakage current based on the cable's capacitance.

Likewise, note 5 to regulation 710.411.6 recommends that the length of final circuits connected to the IT distribution board does not exceed 25 m.

Each medical IT system supplying a group ofrooms while providing the same function shall be equipped with an MED- IMD, as shown in Fig 1, complying with both Annex A and

Annex B of BS EN 61557-8. Such a monitoring device shall be capable of alerting clinical staff within the medical location, or more specifically, where ME equipment is being used, by providing an audible and visual alarm with the first fault, or generally, when there is a reduction in the insulation resistance to a minimum of 50 kQ. Similarly, the IT transformer should also be provided with a means for monitoring overload and any increase in temperature (710.411.6.3.2).

In addition to the insulation monitoring device, each medical IT system serving more than one room or more than one patient place of treatment, shall be provided with an insulation fault location system complying with BS EN 61557-9 (710.411.6.3.3).

A user graphical interface is often used and linked with other controls and building management systems (EMS), enabling access and control of multiple functions from a single point within the Group 2 environment such as lighting, ventilation and humidity, as shown in Fig3.

The user interface enables the operational state of all IT circuits within the medical location to be clearly and easily recognised. For example, during a circuit fault, an audible alarm will sound, and consequently the screen icon relating to the particular circuit will change colour depending on its fault condition, as indicated in indents (i) to (iv) of710.411.6.3.1 (see Fig 3).

Detailed text messages may also be displayed to help identify the precise location of the fault. The interface should therefore be installed in a suitable position where ME equipment is being used so that it may be permanently monitored by clinical staff.

Supplementary alarms associated with the Group 2 environment may also be required at a close but remote location, often positioned at the nursing station, for example. It should be noted that as nursing techniques change, the location of an alarm at the nurses base is not always appropriate as the use oflocal touchdown facilities enable the nurses to be with the patients. Therefore, such methods of working should be considered when determining where the alarm should sound.

Summary Although IT systems are typically recognised as a means to provide protection against electric shock, this article in particular has focused on the requirements of Section 710 and the medical IT system used as a means to provide a resilient source of supply in a Group 2 medical location where ME equipment is used.

A subsequent article will consider the requirements for shock protection in medical locations.

We would like to acknowledge and thank Brandon Medical for providing the images used within this article.

WINTER2023/24 Connedions

49

The NEW

MFT-X1

Introducing the MFT-X1, the biggest technical advancement in multifunction tester design for a generation. Rated CAT IV to 300 V, Megger UK have designed and built the MFT-X1 for use on all single and three-phase domestic, commercial, and industrial electrical installations.

■ True Loop™test with patented ConfidenceMeter™ ■ CertSuite™compatible Bluetooth®resulttransfer ■

Next generation 2-wire and 3-wire non-trip loop testing

■

User upgradeableoperating system

■

High resolution0.001Q loop test

■ Automatic volt-drop measurement ■

For more information visit:

M FT-X1.megger.com

• [!].~

www.megger.com

Stabilisedinsulationtest voltage

■ ConfigurableRCDand EV RDC-DDauto-sequencetests ■

Fastchange rechargeableplug-in battery pack

■

Re-designedlead set and carry casesolution

Megger ..

Technical

PROVIDING DETAILS OFPROTECTIVE DEVICES ONTHESCHEDULE OF CIRCUIT DETAILS Objective: A number of protective devices are now available which perform more than one function, such as Residual Current operated Circuit- Breakers with integral Overcurrent protection (RCBO), and combination RCBO and arc fault detection devices (AFDD). The model 'Schedule of Circuit Details' in Appendix 6 of BS 7671 asks for a number of key functional characteristics of the various elements within the device to be recorded. This article describes how these details can be recorded.

Introduction Switchgear manufacturers have developed protective device products for use in distribution boards and consumer units (a specific type of distribution board) which contain multiple functionalities, including those of a: • Circuit-breaker • Residual current device (RCD) • Arc fault detection device (AFDD).

Combining multiple functions into a single device provides a benefit to the installer in that smaller distribution boards having fewer 'ways' may be installed than would be the case if devices providing only a single function were installed. It also allows the required or desired protection to be more easily applied to the circuit(s) the designer intended.

However, enquiries received by the NICEIC field and helpline teams indicate that the use of such combination protective devices is causing some confusion in respect of the information that must be recorded on the Schedule of Circuit Details which form part of both an

Electrical Installation Certificate (EiC) and Electrical Installation Condition Report (EICR).

As can be seen in the extract reproduced in Fig 1, the new Schedule of Circuit Details introduced in Amendment 2 (AMD2) published in 2022 requires information relating to both the overcurrent protective device and any installed RCD to be recorded.

Completing the 'BS (EN)' columns

(numbered 8 and 13 respectively in the BS 7671 model form) is a straightforward matter where the overcurrent protective device and RCD are separate, standalone devices.

However, what is less clear is how these fields should be completed where the circuit-breaker and RCD elements are combined in an RCBO or even more so when such functionality is integrated inanAFDD.

/ CIRCUITDETAILS

I

RCD

Overcurrent protective device

§ ~

~

~

·u

z

~ V1

8

I

"'

QI

a.

9 ~

N

"O

~ .E

a. "' u "' Cl

ai

$ Cl C:

32

·x "' 12 2

C:

"'

-~ 10"'

~

11

"'

a.

E :,

<(

z

E

~ V1

13

"'

5

QI

a.

14~

C

15

_.:,l

$ Cl C:

~ 16 "'

I Fig 1 Extract from BS 7671 model Schedule of Circuit Details

WINTER 2023/24

Connedions 51

EE THE PROB LEMCLE ARLYWITH 0 N - B O A

R D

DIAGNOSTICS The award-winning AFDD with ProTools has the ability to identify 8 statuses with on-board diagnostics, saving you time and effort in fault finding.

I

Technical

Where aseparate overcurrent11rotective device andRCD areinstalled Where a circuit is protected by a separate circuit-breaker and RCD, the British Standard for the device installed should be entered in column 8 to identify the circuit-breaker. This might be '60898' (as indicatedinFig2) or '60947-2' as appropriate and, for example, '61008-1' should be entered in column 13 to identify the residual current circuit-breaker (RCCB) (an RCCB being the specific form ofRCD used in this instance).

Where anRCBD isinstalled Clause 1 (Scope) of BS EN 61009-1 states that 'This standard applies to devices performing simultaneously the function of detection of the residual current, of comparison of the value of this current with the residual operating value and of opening of the protected circuit when the residual current exceeds this value, and also of performing the function of making, carrying and breaking overcurrents under specified conditions.'

Note 1 to this clause clarifies that the content of the standard relating to residual current conditions is based on IEC 61008-1 while the content relating to protection against overcurrents is based on IEC 60898-1.

Table 41.3 ofBS 7671 (Maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs) for circuit-breakers with Uoof 230 V,for operation giving compliance with the 0.4 s disconnection time of Regulation 411.3.2. 2 and 5 s disconnection time of Regulation 411.3.2.3) specifically references in the descriptors to Parts (a), (b) and (c) thereof that the data within the table is applicable to both circuit-breakers to BS EN 60898 and to the overcurrent characteristics of RCBOs to BS EN 61009-1 (Fig 3).

This clarifies that the device providing the overcurrent protection is the BS EN 61009-1 RCBO and not a circuit-breaker to BS EN 60898.

It would therefore be incorrect, and confusing, to those inspecting the installation at a later date if'60898' was recorded in column 8, as there is not a BS EN 60898 circuit-breaker protecting the circuit; the installed device is an RCBO to BS EN 61009-1.

Where the circuit is protected by an RCBO, '61009-1' should be recorded in both column 8 and column 13 (Fig 4).

/ CIRCUITDETAILS

I

Overcurrent protective device

RCD

§ iil N

~

-0

~ .E

~

·c;

,:;

"' u "' 0.

z~

"" 0.

V> 0:,

8

I I

s "' :§

9

60898

0.

E E

"' :;.

:::,

C

"' ~

"'

~

10 a:

"'

11 0:,

12 ::iE

B

32

6

1.37

.s

"' 0.

V> 0:,

13

s "' :§

<(

z~

·x

14~

61008-1

"'

Ji

16 a:

30

32

15

A

Fig 2 Overcurrent protective device and RCD details recorded where a circuit is protected by a separate circuit-breaker and RCD

TABLE41.3Maximum earth fault loop impedance (25) for circuit-breakers with U0 of 230 V, for operation giving compliance with the 0.4 s disconnection time of Regulation 411.3.2.2 and 5 s disconnection time of Regulation 411 .3.2.3 (for RCBOssee also Regulation 41 1.4.204) (a) Type-B circuit-breakers to BS EN 60898 and the overcurrent characteristics of RCBOsto BS EN 61009-1

Fig 3 Extract from Table 41.3 of BS 7671

Overcurrent protective device >, -~

zr,::i

3

'oil

..__,

Q)

Ul

>,

0.

i:1

·.g

UJ.

N

<.l

"d

§<

+-' -~

cd

'°"'

RCD

<.l

'oil

i:1

;g 83~

~

E-<

~

'"..>:i ~..__,

61009-1

B

32

6

Q)

s...

z

'°"'

Q)

0. ~

r,::i ..__,

Q)

>,

cd

a ~..__,

Ul

1.37

61009-1

~

0.

~

3

i:1

·-g

s

'oil

i:1

E-<

<l

>-<

~

A

30

32

Fig 4 Overcurrent protective device and RCD details recorded where a circuit is protected by an RCBO

Where anAFDD with inte_gral overcurrent device and/orRCD functionality isinstalled The same logic should also be applied when considering an AFDD to BS EN 62606 incorporating an overcurrent protective device and/or an RCD. Clause 1 (Scope) of BS EN 62606 General requirements for arc fault detection devices states that 'The integrated protection device is either a circuit-breaker in accordance with IEC 60898-1 or an RCD in accordance

withJEC 61008-1, IEC 61009-1 or IEC 62423.' In order to determine which of these standards is applicable to a particular device reference should be made to the manufacturer's data for the AFDD being installed.

Where an AFDD incorporating overcurrent protective device and a separate RCD are installed The device providing the overcurrent protection is the BS EN 62606 AFDD and not a circuit-breaker to BS EN 60898.

As was the case where an RCBO WINTER2023/24 Connedions 53

t: 01582 544 544 I e: sales.ce@deta.co.ukI w: deta.co.uk

t: 0845 884 7000

e: sales.lfs@deta.co.uk

w: deta.co.uk

Technical

is installed, it would be incorrect, and confusing, to those inspecting the installation at a later date if'60898' was recorded in column 8, as there is not a BS EN 60898 circuit-breaker protecting the circuit; the installed device is an AFDD to BS EN 62606 (Fig 5).

As there is a separate RCD installed, the following should be entered in column 13: e '61008-1' for an RCCB.

/ CIRCUITDETAILS

I

Overcurrent protective device

§ i

z!:'::!, "'

8

I I

In order to provide the correct information required for the identification of the functional characteristics of protective devices providing more than one type of protection, whether overcurrent, residual current and/or arc fault current, it is necessary to refer to the relevant product standard to which the installed product conforms.

A summary of this information is provided in Table 1.

Providing the information in this manner is not only a correct reflection of the installed equipment but will also aid those carrying out alterations and/ or additions or periodic inspection and testing at a later date to correctly identify the installed protective devices for the circuits of the installation.

"' 10 a:

B

32

62606

C.

E ::,

C:

:;;

C:

C.

cu

Cl

Cl

9 ~

.E

"'

.,

<I)

-a <I) t::

u

~

"' ~

11

"' 6

E

·x

"' 12 ::!:

z!:'::!, "' Vl

13

1.37

61008-1

~

<

.,

..s

<I)

C.

Cl C:

C

14~

15

A

"'

~

16 a:

30

32

Fig 5 Overcurrent protective device and RCD details recorded where a circuit is protected by an AFDD providing the overcurrent protection and separate RCCB

I

/ CIRCUITDETAILS

I

Overcurrent protective device

RCD

§ ,J'

~

-a

~

~ .E

"'

cu C.

·u C.

z!:'::!, "' Vl

Conclusion

N

~ -~ u C. "' Vl

Where an AFDD incorporating both overcurrent protection and RCD functionality is installed Where this type of device is installed: • The overcurrent protection is provided by the BS EN 62606 AFDD and not a circuit-breaker to BS EN 60898. It would be incorrect, and confusing, to those inspecting the installation at a later date if'60898' was recorded in column 8.

• The RCD functionality is provided by the BS EN 62606 AFDD and not an RCD in accordance with IEC 61008-1, IEC 61009-1 or IEC 62423. Again, it would be incorrect, and confusing, to those inspecting the installation at a later date if'61008-1' was recorded in column 13.

RCD

8

I I

"' Cl u

~

E ::, E

C:

9 ~

.,

:;;

10 a:

"'

12 ::!:

B

32

6

1.37

Cl

<I)

62606

C.

C:

"'

"' ~

11

·x

"'

z!:'::!, "' 62606

14~

A

.,

..s

C.

Vl

13

~

< <I)

Cl C:

C

15

"'

~

16 a:

30

32

Fig 6 Overcurrent protective device and RCD details recorded where a circuit is protected by an AFDD incorporating both the overcurrent protection and RCD functionality

Summary of product standards for protective devices and their functionality model Schedule of Circuit Details Device installed to provide overcurrent protection

Device installed to provide RCD functionality

for use in the BS 7671

BS (EN) number to be BS (EN) number to be recorded in column 8 recorded in column 13

60898 circuit-breaker

N/A

60898

N/A

N/A

61 008-1 RCCB

N/A

61008-1

60898 circuit-breaker

62606 AFDD/RCD

60898

62606

61009-1 RCBO

61009-1 RCBO

61009-1

61009-1

62606 AFDD/CB

61 008-1 RCCB

62606

61008-1

62606 AFDD/CB

61009-1 RCBO

62606

61009-1

62606 AFDD/CB/RCD or AFDD/RCBO

62606 AFDD/CB/RCD or AFDD/RCBO

62606

62606

Tablel

WINTER2023/24 Connedions 55

Technical

DVERCURRENTSHDRT-CIRCUIT CURRENTS Objective: The aim of this article is to look at overcurrent; and in particular short-circuit current, and how the requirements of BS 7671 are applied.

The adiabatic equation given in regulations 434.5.2 and 543.1.3 will be introduced and used within a typical example to indicate its application within short-circuit current analysis.

Introduction The different types of current that can lead to an overcurrent occurring in a circuit are shown in the block diagram of Fig 1. Overcurrent resulting from an overload was covered previously in Connections Issue 227.

Fault current Fault current consists of two types of fault, as shown in Fig 1- earth faults and short-circuits.

• Earth fault currents flow when there is fault between a live conductor and earth as shown in Fig 2a.

• A short-circuit current flows as a result of a fault between live conductors, for example line-to-line or line-to-neutral, as shown in Fig 2b.

The anticipated fault current in such a circuit is called the prospective fault current (IP1).

This article will only consider shortcircuit currents between live conductors.

Short-circuit current The short-circuit loop is indicated by the red line in Fig 2b. Because of the higher values of current typically associated with short-circuit conditions, care must be taken when selecting appropriate switchgear and protective devices.

Regulation 434.5.1 requires that the rated short-circuit breaking capacity of each circuit protective device shall normally not be less than the maximum prospective fault current at the point at which the device is installed.

56 ConnectionsWINTER 2023/24

However, a protective device having a lower breaking capacity is permitted if another protective device having the necessary rated short-circuit breaking capacity is installed on the supply side, as shown in Fig 3. In this situation, the characteristics of the devices shall be coordinated so that the energy letthrough of these devices does not exceed that which can be withstood, without damage, by the device(s) on the load side.

In domestic (household) or similar premises, where a consumer unit to BS EN 61439-3 is used and the maximum prospective fault current declared by the distributor is 16 kA, it is not necessary to measure or calculate prospective fault current at the origin of the supply. This specific conditional short-circuit rating applies when using an upstream BS 88-3 (formerly BS 1361 type II) fuse-link with a maximum 16 kA PSCC at the service cutout and not at the consumer unit.

Therelationship between theprotective device andthecable While regulation 434.5.1 typically relates to a protective device and its ability to withstand the effects of the maximum prospective fault current, regulation 434.5.2 is concerned with limiting the heat that will be added to the current-carrying conductor while such a fault exists.

For any applicable disconnection time the maximum energy withstand of the cable must be equal to or greater than

the let-through energy of the protective device. Where this is not the case, there is the risk that under fault conditions the insulation may suffer thermal damage.

The time, t, in which a given fault current will raise the live conductors from the highest permissible temperature in normal duty to the limiting temperature, can, as an approximation, be calculated from the adiabatic equation given in regulation 434.5.2:

It should be remembered that an earth fault has a maximum disconnection time of5 s for TN systems (411.3.2.3).

However, there is no such limitation on time given in regulation 434.5.2 for short-circuit currents. Nevertheless, a check must be made to ensure that the protective device operates before the cable becomes damaged.

Transposing the equation further to express the terms of the thermal relationship gives:

On one side is the thermal withstand of the cable k 2S 2 and on the other side is the let-through energy Pt of the protective device. The maximum thermal withstand of the cable depends on its cross-sectional area S, and k, which is a factor that takes account of the material properties of conductors and insulation.

As mentioned previously, the thermal withstand of the cable must be greater

Technical Fig 1 Terms used in Part 2 of BS 7671 showing the make-up AN OVERCURRENT

of an overcurrent

A current exceeding the rated value of a conductor.

An overcurrent can be either:

AN OVERLOAD An overcurrentin a circuit that is electrically sound.

(Overloads are normally of moderate magnitude but last for a comparatively long time.)

r;::====:;i

A FAULTCURRENT A current resulting from a fault (Fault currents are high magnitude (kA) but hopefully only last a short time.)

A fault current can be either.

AN EARTHFAULTCURRENT

A SHORT-CIRCUITCURRENT

An overcurrent resulting from a fault of negligible impedance between a live conductor and an exposed-conductive-part or a protective conductor.

An overcurrent resulting from a fault of negligible Impedance between live conductors.

Supply

Installation

Installation

I

-

R,

I R,

-

I

L

L

N

-

~

~

N

Short circuit

I

-

~

Rn

cpc

PEN

Fig 2a Earth fault current path for a typical TN-C-S system

-

-

t

Earthing conductor

Eo 0 0

cpc R2

MET

Fig 2b Fault loop for a short-circuit for a typical TN-C-S system

current

Consumer unit to Supply authorities cut-out fuse

BSEN6l439-3

1----------, --------,►~E:3--+------~:cr'o--x~ I ~ Supply

lpr5. 16 kA quoted by DNO

8588-3 (formerly BSl 361) 100 A type II (33 kA)

L---------...J

BSEN60898 6A type B (6 kA)

Fig 3 Typical arrangement at the origin of a domestic installation

WINTER2023/24 Connedions 57

~-----:-

' I

I I

I I I

I I I

I I I

• I I

Technical

A

/

20 A (BS 88-3)

Fault position

'------....

B

•B

1.5 mm2 SWA

Fig 4 Illustration of fault current

than or equal to the let-through energy of the protective device therefore, k 2 S 2 ;,,. Pt.

Table 1 Voltage factor

Example

Nominal voltage

To illustrate the effects of a short-circuit occurring on a cable supplying a load, and referring to Fig 4, consider a fault occurring at position B, which due to a loose connection has some additional impedance. If the total impedance of the line-neutral loop is 4 Q, what effect will this have upon the circuit cable?

The circuit has been installed using a two-core 1.5 mm 2 steel-wire armoured cable having copper conductors with 70°C thermoplastic insulation. It is protected by a BS 88-3 fuse system C fuse, rated at 20 A. Under no-fault conditions, the line-neutral loop impedance values at the supply and load can be taken as 0.28 Q and 0.62 Q respectively. The effects of voltage drop at the load have been ignored.

The application of the regulations of Chapter 43 shall take into account both the minimum and maximum fault current conditions; so that the highest energy letthrough is considered (533.3).

Regulations 411.4.4 and 411.5.4 incorporate a voltage factor into the equations given. This voltage factor C takes account of voltage variations depending on time and place, changing of transformer taps and other considerations. The voltage factor C is not intended to take into account any fault impedance.

The values ofC for a low voltage installation are given in Table 1, and are reproduced from Table 7 of PD CLC/TR 50480: 201l1 Determination of crosssectional area of conductors and selection of protective devices.

100 V to 1,000 V

Voltage factor C Cmin

Cmax

0.95

1.1

The voltage factor used is dependent upon what is being considered. For example, when estimating maximum fault currents, Cmax is applied. When determining maximum disconnection times, Cminis used.

The prospective fault current at position Bwill be: I,= Ux Cmin= 230 x 0.95"' 55A P ZL-N 4

From Fig 3Al of BS 7671, the disconnection time for the protective device is approximately 25 seconds.

What will be the maximum time the cable can withstand this level of fault current?

Using Table 43.1, the value of k for 70 °C thermoplastic insulated copper conductors is 115

k 2 s2 1152 x 1.52 t = --y- = 552 "'9.8 s

protective device occurs in a time less than 0.1 seconds, therefore the cable will not be exposed to damage, and the fault current is within the rated breaking capacity of the device.

The two values of prospective fault current calculated highlight the condition that the most onerous situation arises when the short-circuit current is relatively low, such as at position B.

Summary This article has considered fault current and in particular focused on the effects of a short-circuit fault occurring between two live conductors.

In the example given, the adiabatic equation was used to illustrate the effects and possible damage that may occur to a cable during a short-circuit fault. As such, for any relevant disconnection time, and to prevent thermal damage to the cable insulation during a fault, the maximum energy withstand of the cable must be equal to or greater than the let-through energy of the protective device.

Footnote 1 This published document is the UK implementation of CLC/TR 50480: 2012

The calculations show that the cable will certainly suffer some degradation as the disconnection time exceeds the time limit at which the cable can withstand the fault current.

The prospective fault current at position A I,= UxCmin = 230x0.95 p

ZL-N

0.28

,,,780 A

From Fig 3Al, the disconnection of the WINTER2023/24 Connedions 59

Technical

WHVCAN RNUNFUSED SPUR BETAKEN OFF R RING FINAL CIRCUIT WIRED 2 CABLE? IN2.5MM Objective: BS 7671 permits an unfused spur (or

the load current in any part of the circuit is unlikely to exceed the currentcarrying capacity of the cable (Iz) for long periods of time (typically in excess oflhour).

Where this is the case, it can be taken that the condition given in indent (ii) of regulation 433.3.1 for the omission of overload protection is met.

cable branch) from a 30 A or 32 A ring final circuit supplying accessories conforming to the relevant part(s) of the BS 1363 series to be wired with thermoplastic (PVC) or thermosetting insulated copper line and neutral conductors of crossIt should be noted, however, that a sectional area as small as 2.5 mm 2 (433.1.204) conductor size of greater than 2.5 mm may be required in order to meet voltage where each accessory forming part of the ring drop limits, particularly for long cable final circuit itself is supplied via two such 2.5 mm 2 runs (see Section 525). conductors. This article explains why this Whatmeasures canbe practice is acceptable.

2

Introduction Designers and installers will recognise that the current-carrying capacity of 2.5 mm 2 thermoplastic (PVC) insulated conductors is generally less than the 30 A or 32 A rated current of the fuse or circuitbreaker at the origin of the ring circuit, particularly once the installation method and any relevant installation factors have been taken into account. This is also the case for cables employing thermosetting insulation where, additionally, they are selected on the basis of their conductor operating temperature not exceeding 70 °C as is generally necessary for compatibility with the accessories to which they are connected.

Consequently, the circuit protective device cannot protect the conductors of the unfused spur against overload current; if the spur conductors were to WINTER2023/24 {fJ Connections

become overloaded, this may result in damage to the insulation, sheath, the immediate surroundings of the cable, or to connected accessories, due to the temperature of the conductors rising to above their rated value.

Whyisit permitted to 2 use2.5mmconductors foranunfused spur?

Referring to regulation 433.1.204, the following conditions apply to the wiring of a ring final circuit: • The current-carrying capacity of the cable, corrected for the particular installation conditions (Iz) must not be less than 20 A, and • The circuit design, under intended conditions of use, should be such that

takentomake overload ofthespursufficiently unlikely forcompliance withBS767P. In general, it can be taken that the live conductors of a spur are not likely to carry overload current for long periods of time where the spur feeds only: • One single or one twin socket-outlet, or • One or more items of fixed equipment supplied via a fused connection unit, or • One or more socket-outlets supplied via a fused connection unit.

Additionally, sufficient numbers of socketoutlets should be provided, distributed throughout the installation, to provide reasonable sharing ofload around the ring final circuit (553.1.7).

Technical

Denotes a 13 A socket-outlet or 13 A fused connection unit

Spur

*

Ringfinal circuit

** *

Circuit starts and finishes at 30 A or 32 A overcurrent protective device

Live conductors of cable sized so that Iz not less than 20 A, subject to minimum 2.5 mm 2 copper, or 1.5 mm 2 copper for two-core MICC cable

Consumer unit

Fig 1 Ring final circuit conforming to regulation 433.1.204

Whataboutthepossibility Andwhatabout ofshort-circuit? earth-fault?

Referring again to indent (ii) ofregulation 433.3.1, overload protection may be omitted on the grounds that conductors will not be subjected to sustained overload, subject to said conductors being protected against fault current in accordance with the requirements of Section 434.

Using the adiabatic equation given in regulation 434.5.2, it can be seen that any of the 30 A or 32 A fuses or circuitbreakers (including those incorporated in RCBOs) listed in regulation 433.1.204 for use as the protective device for a ring final circuit will protect the 2.5 mm 2 live thermoplastic or thermosetting insulated conductors of an unfused spur against short-circuit current.

In order to determine whether the 30 A or 32 A protective device will protect the, typically, 1.5 mm 2 circuit protective conductor (cpc) within a 2.5 mm 2 BS 6004 flat twin & earth cable the adiabatic equation given in regulation 543.1.3 should be used.

This will show that any of the 30 A or 32 A fuses or circuit-breakers (including those incorporated in RCBOs) listed in regulation 433.1.204 for use as the protective device for a ring final circuit will protect the 1.5 mm 2 cpc, provided that the earth fault loop impedance (Zs) at the points supplied by the spur is within the maximum value required by BS 7671 to provide a 0.4 s disconnection time.

Further guidance Further guidance on the installation of ring and radial final circuits for household and similar premises in accordance with regulation group 433.1 is given in Appendix 15 of BS 7671.

Electrical Safety First, in conjunction with a number of industry partners including NICEIC, has produced guidance on the minimum provision of electrical socket-outlets in the home which may be downloaded free of charge at www. electricalsafetyfirst.org.uk/media/1204/ guidance-on-minimum -provisionsocketsv2.pdf

WINTER2023/24 Connedions 61

Britclips®RSWB Why messaroundwith woodennogginswhen you can keepa box of RSWB'son your van?With two sizesnow availablethey will fit any joist dividebetween25 and 60cm.Simplyscrewinto the joist at whateverdepthyou requirefor your backbox.With pre-drilledholesto makefixing eveneasier,they can also be usedto secureconduit and pipes.

JordanDaviesfrom Amigo Electricaltold us: "We usethe RSWBas standardnow for all our first fixing. It's so convenient, cost-effectiveand is a hugetime-saver."

Technical

In the following multiple-choice questions you should choose one of the four options that, in your opinion, is the correct answer. You may find it useful to refer to the technical articles in this issue of Connections and BS 7671:2018+A2:2022.

The answers to the questions, accompanied by a briefrationale, can be found at the end of the technical section.

1. Under fault conditions, cables are subjected to stress and thermal effects. One item not normally encountered would be? a. Thermal damage b. Electromechanical stress c. Electrochemical effects d. Electromagnetic effects

2. The rated short-circuit breaking capacity of each device shall be not less than: a. The current loading of the highest power rating of the connected equipment b. The energy let-through of the overcurrent protective device c. The thermal withstand of the circuit cable when under fault conditions d. The maximum prospective fault current at the point at which the device is installed

4. When determining the maximum leakage current for a medical IT system, cable capacitance should be considered. What would be the maximum recommended length for a circuit connected to a medical IT system? a. 10m b. 15m c. 25m d. 50m 5. Which of the following product standards is NOT applicable to an RCD intended to be installed in a distribution board? a. BS7288 b. BS EN 61008 c. BS EN 61009 d. BS EN 62423 6. In which of the following locations within BS 7671 are the model forms for certification and reporting located? a. Part6 b. Appendix 6 c. Section 716 d. Appendix 16

7. When a ring final circuit is installed using mineral insulated (MI) cables, what is the minimum permissible cross-sectional area for the live conductors? a. lmm 2 b. 1.5mm 2 c. 2.5mm 2 d. 4mm 2 8. When installing a ring final circuit, it may be necessary to install conductors of cross-sectional area exceeding the minimum size stated for a particular type of cable to compensate for: a. Voltage drop b. Number of socket-outlets to be installed c. Floor area served by the circuit d. The use ofrewireable fuses to protect the circuit 9. Within BS 7671, guidance on ring and radial final circuit arrangements is provided in: a. Part2 b. Section 716 c. AnnexB82 d. Appendix 15

3. For medical IT systems, during a single fault to Earth, what value of leakage current may be considered as the acceptable limit for the monitored circuit? a. 0.2mA b. 0.5mA c. lOmA d. 30mA

WINTER2023/24 Connedions 63

Technical

Answers and rationale Q

A

Explanation

1.

c.

BS 7671 contains specific requirements with regard to electromechanical forces (521.5.201), electromagnetic effects (521.5.1) and thermal damage likely to occur under fault conditions.

Electrochemical effects, such as electrolytic corrosion, are only mentioned in relation to the selection and erection of wiring systems and earth arrangements.

-

2.

d.

In general, the rated short-circuit breaking capacity of each device shall be not less than the maximum prospective fault current at the point at which the device is installed.

434.5.1

3.

c.

10 mA. This takes into account the leakage current of the medical IT system transformer and circuit wiring.

-

4.

c.

Installation designers should always refer to cable manufacturers' data when determining the total leakage current based on the cable's capacitance. However, regulation 710.411.6 (Note 5) recommends a maximum length of 25 m for a final circuit connected to the IT distribution board.

710.411.6

5.

a.

BS 7288 is the specification for socket-outlets or connection units incorporating an RCD. The other three standards all cover devices which are suitable for installation in any part of the electrical installation, typically in distribution boards or other suitable enclosures.

BS7288

6.

b.

The model forms are located in Appendix 6 of BS 7671.

Appx6

7.

b.

The minimum permissible size for the live conductors of a ring final circuit wired using MI cable is 1.5 mm 2.

433.1.204

8.

a.

Voltage drop. The number of socket-outlets which may be supplied is unlimited.

Historically, guidance recommended that a ring final circuit may serve a floor area of up to 100 m 2 . BS 3036 (rewireable) fuses may be used to protect a ring final circuit.

433.1.204

9.

d.

Appendix 15 contains guidance on the design ofring and radial final circuits for household and similar premises.

64 ConnectionsWINTER 2023/24

BS7671 or other reference

Section525 Appx15

c+Training the profession for over 20 years.

Our formally recognised Level 3 Award in the Installation of Small-Scale Photovoltaic (PV) Systems will help you attract customers your rivals can't.

You'll learn how to install, test, commission and hand over grid-connected solar PV systems with an electrical output of up to 5-kilowatt peak (kWp), connected to both single and three-phase installations.

filill4 Days I classroom based (with in-company option) Your expert tutor will cover: • The new landscape - distributed generation and the 'prosumer' • An overview of key safety considerations, legislation and industry guidance • The fundamental differences between AC and DC, including voltage ranges, sources and specific risks • System component selection • Fundamental system design principles, including the requirements of BS7671, Section 712 • Inspection, testing and commissioning • Notification and handover - G98, G99 This course concludes with a practical assessmentthat takes place in simulated conditions, and a multiple-choice on-screen exam.

c+ Book now online at shop.niceic.com or call us on 0333 015 6627

~ Entry requirements To attend this course you must have the following qualifications: • N/SVQ 3 in Electrical Installation or equivalent certification.

• Level 3 Award to the current edition of BS7671.

•

·l•E■II TRAINING

Who'dhavethought it?

DFFGAiD s 0

C)

P:i

;:;

FORGET EVs ...

WHAT ABOUT HVs? Is hydrogen the future for vehicles? Construction and agricultural machines are already being retrofitted with hydrogen combustion engines.Now, as part ofits £100mhydrogen engine project, JCB has put the same engine in a Mercedes Sprinter van.

This could be the answer for all those secondhand vans that aren't ULEZ-compliant, the company suggests. What's more, they would refuel much faster than electric vans.

JCB Chair Anthony Bamford says in The Engineer: "It does prove there is something else other than batteries that can work very effectively."

AND WILL HVDROGEN MAKE ITINTO OUR CORNFLAKES?

COMPUTERS SERVE UPHOT WATER

-

What to do with all that heat that data centres generate? Fans are old hat. In Surrey, they're taking a different approach. Start-up Heata is putting servers in homes. Each one connects via the wi-fi network to similar servers in other homes. All these servers process data from companies that pay for cloud computing services, according to MIT Review. The heatthe server generates equates to 4.8 kilowatt-hours of hot water, roughly the amount used by your average family a day. Here's the novel bit: the servers are cooled by a patented ~ thermal bridge that transports the heat from the processors to the boiler's shell. "Moving heat is hard, it requires new infrastructure or a pre-existing heat network," says Heata.

In contrast, "moving data is easy, so we've taken the servers to where heat is needed - in people's homes."

66 Connections WINTER 2023/24

If youmixgreen hydrogen withnitrogen youget ammonia - a keycomponent offertiliser.

Atthe moment, theproduction ofammonia forfertiliser contributes around 0.8%ofglobal greenhouse gas UK. emissions, according toWired ButinWestern Australia, a 10megawatt 'l:i ~1o electrolyser - a machine thatuseselectricity to convert waterintohydrogen -will soonbeupand j running, powered byavastsolarPVandbattery ~ installation.

Theammonia willbemade through ajoint § venture thatincludes global fertiliser giantVaraand ~.:: utilities company Engie.

TheQuestion oneveryone's :g lips:willourcornflakes tasteanydifferent? ~ Ul

ARBIDE ECHNOLOGY

Dimplex Quantum, our most

ICOimplex

0

advanced, economical, off-peak electric heater, paired with a Dimplex Control Hub enables your customers to get access to energy through the British Gas Dimplex Quantum tariff.

iX:DimplexEED INSTALLER

CLUB

Find out more about the British Gas Dimplex Quantum Tariff by joining today, and also benefit from: • Free product training • Listing on our website • Points and rewards • Access to enhanced support • Prize draws and promotions • Digital toolbox access • Early information about new products • Industry news and updates

A first-of-its-kind optimised smart tariff, it can offer lower rates than other typical Economy 7 tariffs*

thanks to new smart controls, which allow the system to respond to constraints on the National Grid. *At the time of writing - October 2023

Best of all, with rates fixed for at least 12 months from their sign-up date, your customers can enjoy peace of mind knowing their energy rates are locked in.

Find out more: