General Technical Report FPL–GTR–190 Table 12–10. Selected properties of extruded wood–plastic products Compression Tensile strength strength Bending strength Composite (MPa (lb in–2)) (MPa (lb in–2)) (GPa (×106 lb in–2)) Polypropylene 20.0 (2,900) 55.2 (8,000) 3.49–5.97 (PP)a, b (0.506–0.866) High-density 5.5–15.2 11.7–26.9 1.79–5.17 polyethylene (800–2,200) (1,700–3,900) (0.260–0.750) (HDPE)c 25.1 (3,640) 61.2 (8,880) 4.81–7.58 Polyvinylchloride (0.697–1.100) (PVC)c
Dowel bearing strength (MPa (lb in–2)) 84.8 (12,300)
Bending modulus (MPa (lb in–2)) 22.2–60.8 (3,220–8,820) 10.3–25.5 (1,500–3,700)
Shear strength (MPa (lb in–2)) 22.0 (3,190) 7.79–10.3 (1,130–1,500)
35.7 (5,180)
35.9–54.5 (5,200–7,900)
20.2 (2,930)
72.4–128.2 (10,500–18,600)
a
From Slaughter (2004). From Kobbe (2005). c From Wolcott (2001). b
Table 12–11. General properties of lowdensity cement–wood composite fabricated using an excelsior-type particlea,b Value range (MPa (lb in–2)) Property Bending strength Modulus of elasticity Tensile strength Compression strength Shearc E/G ratiod
Low 1.7 (250) 621 (90,000)
High 5.5 (800) 1,241 (180,000)
0.69 (100) 0.69 (100)
4.1 (600) 5.5 (800)
0.69 (100) 40.0
1.4 (200) 100.0
a
Data present compilation of raw data from a variety of sources for range of board properties. Variables include cement–wood mix, particle configuration, density, and forming and curing method. b Specific gravity range from 0.5 to 1.0. c Shear strength data are limited to small samples having a specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.65. b E/G is ratio of bending modulus of elasticity to shear modulus. For wood, this ratio is about 16.
ASTM D 1037–06a. Standard test methods for evaluating the properties of wood-based fiber and particle panel materials. ASTM D 2718–00 (2006). Standard test method for structural panels in planar shear (rolling shear). ASTM D 2719–89 (2007). Standard test methods for structural panels in shear through-the-thickness. ASTM D 3043–00 (2006). Standard test methods of testing structural panels in flexure. ASTM D 3044–94 (2006). Standard test method for shear modulus of wood-based structural plywood. ASTM D 3500–90 (2003). Standard test methods for structural panels in tension. ASTM D 3501–05a. Standard test methods of testing plywood in compression. ASTM D 3737–08. Standard practice for establishing allowable properties for structural glued laminated timber (glulam). 12–10
ASTM D 5456–09. Specification for evaluation of structural composite lumber products. ASTM D 7031–04. Standard guide for evaluating mechanical and physical properties of wood-plastic composite products. ASTM D 7032–08. Standard specification for establishing performance ratings for wood-plastic composite deck boards and guardrail systems. ASTM D 7341–09. Standard practice for establishing characteristic values for flexural properties of structural glued laminated timber by full-scale testing. ASTM E 1333–96 (2002). Test method for determining formaldehyde concentration in air and emission rate from wood products using a large chamber.
Literature Cited AF&PA. 2005. Guideline—wood I-joist ASD manual for engineering wood construction. ANSI/AF&PA NDS–2005. National Design Specification® (NDS®) for Wood Construction. Washington, DC: American Forest & Paper Association. AITC. 2007. Standard for wood products: structural gluedlaminated timber. ANSI/AITC 190.1–2007. Centennial, CO: American Institute of Timber Construction. APA. 1981. Performance standards and policies for APA structural use panels. Tacoma, WA: American Plywood Association. 1 p. APA. 1991. Performance standards and policies for structural use panels. APA PRP–108. Tacoma, WA: APA – The Engineered Wood Association. APA. 1995a. Design capacities of APA performance-rated structural-use panels. Tech. Note N375 B. Tacoma, WA: APA – The Engineered Wood Association. 12 p. APA. 1995b. Plywood design specification. Tacoma, WA: APA – The Engineered Wood Association. 10 p. ASTM. 2007. Annual book of ASTM standards. Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials.