Senior Capstone

AYANNA NELSON

DAVID KRATZER

DESIGN 10 HISTORIC PRESERVATION

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

STUDIO INTRODUCTION

The studio is a historic preservation and adaptive reuse studio working with the Hedgerow Theatre in Rose Valley, PA. Rose Valley is a neighborhood that was created by William Lightfoot Price as a Arts and Craft community. Artisans flocked to Rose Valley as a place where they could explore their creative skills. Price designed many of the homes in Rose Valley in the Arts and Craft style. The Hedgerow Theatre has gone through many changes throughout the years as it was adapted from a mill to a town hall and then to a theatre. It has a rich history as does many of the buildings in Rose Valley. The Hedgerow community reached out to the studio with the need for more exposure for the theatre, help with improving the technical workings of the theatre and need for improved parking.

PROPOSAL

The proposal presented focuses on the increase in exposure for the theatre and trying to bring people to Hedgerow outside of productions. In order to do this there was research done on the theater and the many people involved with the workings of the theatre now and in the past. Then that research and understanding of Rose Valley was used to determine a program that would fit onto the site. Different programs were explored as well as formal studies. Precedence was used to help determine architectural language and materials.

The final proposal is an artisan Village that will bring more attention to Hedgerow by creating engaging programs on the site. Artisan studios, gallery and classrooms give community members the reasons to be at hedgerow outside of productions. Additionally an outdoor green space will provide an open community space that can be used to increase the interactions amongst the members of the community.

HISTORIC PRESERVATION INTRODUCTION CHARRETTE

TheBroadwayElementarySchoolwasbuiltin1886inCamdenNewJersey. TheschoolservedthecommunityuntilSeptemberof2011whenitwas closed duetodamages.Theschoolwaspurchasedbyaclientwhowishes tousethebuildingtohelprevitalizetheCamdenarea.

SITE & FORM

TRANSIT

The school building is located at the corner of Broadway and Clinton. Broadway is a primary roadway through Camden and has a lot of daily traffic. There are several bus stops along the street with access to a bus that travels into Center City Philadelphia. Additionally the nearest train stop is only a 8 minute walk away with lines that travel to Philadelphia and Trenton. This mean the site is easily accessible to people within New Jersey but also to people in Philadelphia.

GREEN SPACE

There are a few parks located around the site ranging in size from small organized green spaces to full playgrounds and recreational courts. The parks are within walking distance of the site but they are surrounded by boarded up houses and may not be the safest place for children. With excess space on the site there is opportunity for green space.

PROGRAM

Amongst the surrounding buildings there is a large elementary school campus as well as several large hospitals and medical schools. In blocks around the campus and hospital the homes are well maintained and there are less vacant lots. Moving away from that area there is an increase of vacant lots, boarded up homes, and vandalism. The site sits in the center making it a prime location to help connect the community. Considering the people in the neighborhood there is an opportunity to turn the school into affordable housing or a mixed use building with a community based program on the ground level.

FORM

The building is very flexible with a variety of different sized spaces that can be created using the existing windows maintaining the shell and structural walls. It also allows for the least intervention with the characterizing qualities of the building.

WHAT IS RESEARCH?

AnarticlebyLeedy&Ormrodthatlaysoutthecommonperceptionofthe termresearchandcomparesittotheirdefinitionofresearch.Theprimary differencebeingthatmostpeoplebelieveresearchistheactofgathering data,butrealresearchincludesanalyzingthedataanddrawingconclusions.

CONCLUSIONS

1. RESEARCH SHOULD LEAD TO MORE QUESTIONS.

The article is clear that a question is necessary to start research and then that question to be broken down into small questions that have achievable answers. I believe in order to draw conclusions about the initial question we have to ask questions along the way. When collecting data questions arise and they help to drive the direction of the overall research process. The cycle of questions is potentially limitless. The diagram show how the research process is cyclical using the steps laid out in the reading. I believe that step 5 of data collection often leads to more questions so after the data is already collected is interpreted the cycle begins again and new questions are investigated.

2. RESEARCH ENDS ONCE THE RESEARCHER HAS DECIDED ENOUGH QUESTIONS ARE ANSWERED

Since the cycle of questions could go on forever it is up to the researcher to decide when they have enough information to draw conclusions from what they have analyzed. With this in mind, multiple people can work on the same question and some may go through a hundred questions while others only go through 20. Regardless, the extent of the data collection and analysis is based on the individual.

3. IF RESEARCH IS REALLY ABOUT PERSONAL INTERPRETATION IS THERE A DEFINITE ANSWER?

The article states that the same research can be interpreted in different ways by different people so it there really one right answer to a research question. Is research a tool to express ones own opinion and start a conversation about that topic? In the world of architecture where critique and critical thinking is encouraged research is a gateway to allow for an open discussion because there is no one answer to design.

4. RESEARCH REQUIRES AN UNBIASED APPROACH

There is mention of forming a hypothesis during the process of research and depending on the topic of research that may alter/ skew the final results. Often when a hypothesis is made people try to prove it by finding information and sources that support the hypothesis and ignoring everything else. The research becomes one sided and may not reveal the trues answer to the initial question.

5. RESEARCH IS INFLUENCED BY THE PERSONAL EXPERIENCES OF THE RESEARCHER

The questions that are asked along the way and the conclusions that are drawn come from the individual and their life experiences. Research is driven by how the researcher perceives the topic and their interests. An engineer will not draw the same conclusions about a building that an architect would because they have different interest.

ROSE VALLEY PLAYERS

RoseValleyisanArtsandCraftsNeighborhoodfoundedbyArchitect WilliamPrice.PricewasheavilyinfluencedbytheArtsandCraftmovement inEuropeandusedthoseideastobuildacommunityinRoseValley.He wasaidedbyhisfriendsandfamilywhoinvestedandlivedinRoseValley.

NETWORK

Rose Valley was comprised of a network of people who were friends and family of William Price and helped him to establish the Rose Valley community. These people would invest financially in the town or contribute to the community through their crafts. The community was focused on craftsman and artists who brought a unique and personal quality to the town. It was an intimate community where everyone knew each other and helped each other out. It was common for people to donate their time and skills for community events. Some people even had barter deals trading crafts for services.

ROSE VALLEY TODAY

The qualities of Rose valley seem to have been lost over time. There is no longer a large community of artists outside of theater and the people within the town are not as close. There is a lack of passion for arts and the history of the town/ theater. Rose Valley’s network of players has dwindled down to the few people who work at the Hedgerow Theater or Thunderbird Lodge. The goals is to expand the network and spark the passion that once was in Rose Valley.

ROSE VALLEY NETWORK

College of Architecture & The Built Environment Thomas Jefferson University

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson Page 7

WILLIAM HALE, MAYOR

PAULA HEALY, BOROUGH MANAGER

LISA FINK, OFFICE ASSISTANT

DAVID A. FIRN, PRESIDENT

VIPPYYEE,VICEPRESIDENT

REPRESENTATIVE SHAWNSTANCILL,PUBLICSAFETY SHANNONPROWN,PLANNINGJOSEPHHARE,FINANCEMATTHEWSULLIVAN,HIGHWAYS,INSURANCE&TECHNOLOGY

LEONARDBUSBY,EAC

WALT WHITMAN

HENRY MERCER

FRANK FURNESS

Hedgerow Teater Today R o s e V a l l e y B orough C ouncil

GUSTAV STICKLEY C.R. ASHBEE Hedgerow Theater

F.

WHARTON ESHERICK

CHARLESHERBERTWALTON SCHOEN

HOWARD STRATTON

MAURICE SAUL

GILMORE

EDWARD BOK ALICE

DAY HENRY

HETZEL

STEPHENS FRANCIS HENRY TROTH

WILLIAMJERVIS C.YARNALLABBOTT

CARLDE MOLL

Rose Valley Artists

Hedgerow Theater Patrons

COMMUNITY HISTORY

The Significance that Rose Valley brings to the greater Delaware County and Philadelphia area is second to none. Its rooted deep in history, with ties from William Penn to William Price. Its community has carried on its history it a time where most suburban residential towns have been swallowed up by large communities.

Rose Valley is an Arts and Craft Experiment that was created by William Price. The town was designed as a place for craftsman and artists to live a life that reflected the value of craftsmanship in every aspect of life. Homes were designed with studios in them, people were encouraged to get involved in many different crafts. Those skills would them be used to help the community in any way possible. That meant supporting the theater productions with print making posters or hand crafted props. Homes were full of original hand-made furniture from residents of the town. Rose Valley’s history remains strong with the community where at the center of the town three buildings stand tall against all odds. The Old Mill, Hedgerow Theater, and Thunderbird Lodge ground the community and bring it together to celebrate through “The Folk” who hold events at the Old Mill, plays at the theater, and being able to see and experience the past at the Thunderbird Lodge.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ned Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Burg

Rose Valley Seal

Rose Valley Press Seal Rose Valley Shop Seal

Rose Valley Map

HEDGEROW THEATER

HISTORY

In 1923, Hedgerow launched the first resident repertory theatre. The history of the theatre is intertwined with the history of Rose Valley and the Arts and Crafts Movement. The Theater, formerly the Guild Hall was a vital part of the idea of bringing back crafts and skills into the community.

Founding Artistic Director, Jasper Deeter, was intrigued by the performances going on in Guild Hall. He recognized the value of staying true to the craft of theater which he did not see in the industrialized and commercialized Broadway theater. He started the Hedgerow Theater as a new start in a town that had not been effected by industrialization and large productions.

Deeter wanted the theater to be a beacon for young artists throughout the country. The theater became a haven for new up coming artists of the early 20th century.The theater would become a home to many including celebrities such as Keanu Reeves and Ann Harding

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Hedgerow Theater

Wharton Esherick Print of Hedgerow Interior Hedgerow Production of The Mikado 1907

WILLIAM PRICE (1861 – 1916)

LIFE HISTORY

William Lightfoot Price was born in 1861 and grew up in a conservative Quaker household. He started practicing Architecture in 1895. He traveled to England Where he Learned about the arts and Crafts movement and decided to dedicate his life to bringing it to America.

Price was a nationally known architect, artist, actor, writer and visionary, and Founder of Rose Valley Arts and Crafts Colony. He came to Rose Valley in 1901 to establish the town, previously he had founded Arden, a single tax community. He had wealthy friends who helped him finance Rose Valley and lived in the town helping it to thrive. His philosophy was heavily influenced by the Arts and Craft movement in Europe and the values of original craftsmanship. He himself was an artist, painting in oil and watercolor. He did many of the drawings for “The Artsman” and also designed scenery, posters, and programs for the Rose Valley theatricals. Additionally Price is responsible from the design of many of the homes in Rose Valley.

Much of the movement behind William Price’s style was to rebel against the tradition that was being pushed to make designs as ornate as possible. Price believed that minimalist ornamentation showed the materials true beauty and that is how design should be done. It was also important to Price that the house didn’t bend to the wants and desires of the architect but was a true reflection of the person.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Jeremy Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Luckenbach

William Price

Armchair designed by In Rose Valley Shops William Price 1903

Thunderbird Lodge Designed by William Price for Alice Barber Stephens Back

INFLUENCERS OF WILLIAM PRICE

JOHN RUSKIN (1819-1900)

Ruskin was an English writer who advocated for craftsmanship. He believed that art had the power to transform people’s lives. In his eyes art was a reflection of the artists and therefore should never be mechanically perfect but instead have flaws that gave the piece authenticity. He wished to open the eyes of everyday people to the beauty of nature and their surroundings. He was fond of the Gothic architectural style because it emulated the idea of detail oriented craftsmanship.

WILLIAM MORRIS (1834–1896)

Morris was an English poet, decorative artist, preservationist, journalist, political leader, and theorist of socialism and the decorative arts. He was a primary source for the spread of the Arts and Craft Movement. His principles inspired the movement and his work had a significant impact on the philosophy of William Price. He was also a preservationist who believed in honoring the past and the environment. In addition to his writings Morris was known for his patterns.

CHARLES ROBERT, C.R., ASHBEE (1863- 1942)

Ashbee was an influential designer during the Arts and Crafts movement in Britain. Influenced by Morris and Ruskin Ashbee set out to practice the principles of the Arts and Craft Movement. In 1888 he founded the Guild of Handicraft, a cooperative of self taught craftsmen. They made jewelry, furniture, leather work, and metalwork. Ashbee’s craft was characterized by its elegant rounded form.

Rocks and Ferns in a Wood at Crossmount, Perthshire

Tulip and Willow Trellis

Brooch

Apse at the east-end of the Cathedral of San Martino, Lucca, Italy

Windbrush

Porringer and Spoon

INFLUENCERS OF WILLIAM PRICE

GUSTAV STICKLEY (1858 - 1942)

Stickley played a major part in the spread of the Arts and Crafts movement into the homes of the average person. He did this mainly through his own self promotion. Stickley had a furniture production company that he transformed into an architectural and decorative empire. He even had a monthly magazine called the Craftsman which supported dozens of artisans and organizations. He did this alongside his friend Elbert Hubbard.

ELBERT HUBBARD (1856 - 1915)

Hubbard was also self promoting his designs during the Arts and Craft Movement reaching the homes of many. Hubbard founded Roycroft, a printing press, which was known for their beautifully crafted bindings and page designs. Later the firm would expand its crafts to include metalwork, ceramics and furniture. His work had great influence of the work of William Price.

RALPH WALDO EMERSON (1808 - 1882)

Emerson was a New England preacher, essayist, lecturer, poet, and philosopher. Emerson is most known in the world of art for his publication Art. In the essay Emerson talks about the connection of art and the human experience. Art gives the individual a way to express themselves in whatever medium they choose. This way of thinking is similar to Ruskin’s ideas about art being a reflection of the artist.

Craftsman Farm

Page from Hubbard’s Notebook

Art an essay by Emerson

Craftsman Vol. 1

Hubbard’s Mark

Nature a book by Emerson

INFLUENCERS OF WILLIAM PRICE

FREDERICK OLMSTED (1822 - 1903)

Olmsted was a New England landscape architect. His work focused on the importance of community, culture and education. Olmsted believed that art and design had the power to evoke emotion in viewers. In his own landscape work his goal was to create a scenery that would immerse visitors in the beauty of nature and make them feel something. To Olmsted nothing about a design was more important than the experience of walking through it. His most well known project being Central Park in NYC.

WALT WHITMAN (1819 - 1892)

Whitman was a poet who explored the full spectrum of the human experience. He was devoted to honest and pure art that would speak to a person beyond the surface level. Whitman’s idea influenced people around the world including architects. Frank Lloyd Wright used the words of Whitman and applied them to his work by connecting people to architecture and nature. Both Whitman and Wright would have great influence on William Price. Whitman was a good friend of Horace Traubel who would introduce Price to Whitman’s work.

HENRY MERCER (1856 - 1930)

Mercer was a master potter in his time. He opened the Moravian Pottery and Tile Works in 1912. His company was known for their hand-made quality. His tiles were seen as a emblem of the survival and revival of the handcraft tradition. He was sought after by the leading architects of the time to design public and private spaces. Among those architects was William Price. It is during his commissions for Price when Mercer develops the Rose Valley Tile style that can be seen throughout the borough.

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Craftsman Farm

Timeline of Walt’s poetry. It started as a slim book of 12 poems and ended with over 400 by the time he died

Rose Valley Tile Back

Prospect Park

Walt in Camden by Horace Traubel

Moravian Pottery and Tile Works

INFLUENCERS OF WILLIAM PRICE

FRANK FURNESS (1839 - 1912)

Furness was an architect in Philadelphia at the time that William Price was starting his career. Price worked for Furness for years before he branched out on his own. Furness being a friend of Ralph Waldo Emerson had similar ideals which were passed on to Price. Furness looked to the American West and the industrial revolution for inspirations for his design. He created original and dynamic buildings like the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts which put him on the radar.

ROSE VALLEY PATRONS

CHARLES SCHOEN (1844 - 1917)

Schoen was a steel manufacturer from Delaware. He was the originator of the steel freight car and rolled steel car wheels. These inventions and his company, Press Steel Car Company, allowed Schoen financial Liberty. With his finances Schoen would commission many buildings from William Price as Rose Valley developed. Schoen and Price became friends and he would often bail Price out of tough financial situations along with his son-in-law M. Hawley McLanahan.

HERBERT LIGHTFOOT WALTON (1885-1938)

Walton was a contractor and artist. He was versatile with skills in masonry, metalwork, sculpture and ironworks. He was commissioned by Price to build five homes for Charles Schoen. In addition to being a contractor he designed lamps, tables and decorative articles. He designed the Hedgerow Theater lamps and the Rose Valley street signs. He was participated in the Hedgerow Theater and Rose Valley Chorus.

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Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts Interior

Schoen Residence Interior by William Price

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Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts

Schoen Residence Water Tower by William Price

Walton as Robin Hood Hedgerow Lamp

ROSE VALLEY PATRONS

HOWARD FREMONT STRATTON

Stratton taught at the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art as a writer, along with Henry Mercer (Tiles) and Samuel Yellin (ironworks), during the time Rose Valley was founded. This was the same school that William Price attended. The school was important in the spread of the Arts and Crafts Movement in area. In Rose Valley Stratton had a studio in Guild Hall where he taught painting classes. He was also a member of the Rose Valley Association, a stock company, formed to finance and govern the community.

MAURICE BOWER SAUL (1883 - 1974)

Saul was a lawyer practicing in Philadelphia. He was the director of the John Wanamaker Company and the John B. Stetson Company. He would become the owner of the Rose Valley Farm and was a great benefactor of Rose Valley. He was one of the men most responsible for the organizing of Rose Valley. Since 1919 Saul was a devoted gardener and he had gardens on his property. For many years his gardens served as an experimental horticultural station. He started a nursery with Percy Adams who was in charge of gardens and plantings. He and his wife donated 12-acres of land for the Maurice Bower Saul Wildlife Sanctuary.

M. HAWLEY MCLANAHAN (1865 - 1929)

Mclanahan was an architect who partnered up with William Price at the start of the creation of Rose Valley. Married to the daughter of Charles Schoen McLanahan had access to money and handled much of the financial side of the business. He funded the growth of the firm with his access to the Schoen family money. He supported Price in any way that he could and helped him form the Rose Valley Association. McLanahan continued the firm after the death of Price with Ralph Bencker.

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Stratton depiction of a young Pharaoh, 1935

Peasant Patriarchy, pastel by Stratton, 1935

The Industrial Art School of the Pennsylvania Museum at Philadelphia-III, 1895

“Mexico”, an oil painting 1945

Photograph of the living room in the George G. Greene house, designed by William Lightfoot Price and Martin Hawley McLanahan, 1911

ROSE VALLEY PATRONS

JOHN O. GILMORE

Gilmore was head of the largest snuff manufacturer in the world. He came to know William Price after holding a design competition for his home which Price won. The home was estimated to be $200,000. Gilmore was a patron of Price and Rose Valley and contributed to the community. He was the president of the Rose Valley Association and helped to fund Rose Valley. He supported the residents of Rose Valley as a frequent purchaser of Rose Valley furniture.

NATHAN & ANNA KITE

Nathan (18??-1925) and Anna Price Kite (1866-1943) came to Rose Valley with the rest of the Price family in 1901, and were the innkeepers of the Rose Valley Guest House from 1903-1905. Nathan Kite was noted as the man who wrote the first-hand account of the beginning of Rose Valley in a book he called “Chronicles of the Folk”. When Rose Valley became a borough Nathan was its first burgess. Anna ran the kindergarten in town for 15 years. She also held events at their home, Good Intent, which she designed.

EDWARD BOK (1863-1930)

Bok, born in the Netherlands, was the editor of the Ladies Home Journal. Bok used the journal as a means to promote his ideas about architecture. He featured architects like Frank Lloyd Wright. He started a movement to make architecture more accessible to the average person. He did this by making plan available to the public that could be used to build homes at an affordable cost, 5 dollars. At first he received backlash from architects, but they soon realized he was catering to a forgotten demographic. Soon leading architects were sending in plans to be published. Bok was a member of the Rose Valley Association and featured Rose Valley residents in the journal. Alice Barber Stephen, an illustrator, was featured on the cover.

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The mammoth Yorklynne estate of John Odgers Gilmore, designed by William Price

Chronicle of the Folk, written by Nathan Kite 1902

Representative Illustration of classroom at Anna Kite’s Kindergarten by Alice Barber Stephens

Ladies Home Journal Featuring Alice Barber Stephens

Yorklynne main Hall

Ladies Home Journal

ROSE VALLEY ARTISTS

ALICE BARBER STEPHENS (1858-1932)

Stephens was a nationally acclaimed illustrator and painter. She founded the Plastic Club, an art club for women that met at the Philadelphia School of Design. She moved to Rose Valley in 1904 and resided in the Thunderbird Lodge, which is now the Rose Valley Museum. Previously the house was a bank barn that Price converted into a home and studio for the Stephens family. Their home was frequently used to hold events for visitors who were interested in Rose Valley.

FRANCIS DAY

Day was one of the first residents of Rose Valley. He attended the first Rose Valley Planning Meeting and he was asked along with William Price and Carl DeMoll to chart the course of the community. The drew up the charter for the Rose Valley Folk. He is also the creator of the Rose Valley Seal. Day was a portrait painter and illustrator, he maintained a studio in Guild Hall.

CARL DEMOLL (1871 – 1958)

DeMoll was an architect, engineer and illustrator. He worked for Price starting at the age of 17 as a drafter. He then moved to a different firm, Ballinger and Perrot. When Price moved to Rose Valley he came back to work for him. He would later become apart of the Price family when he married Price’s sister. The two had a son Louis DeMoll who would also become an architect. Carl moved away from Rose Valley after his wife’s death, but kept in touch with the community and returned for big social events. Louis DeMoll would later move back to Rose Valley and practice architecture like his father.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation

Thunderbird Lodge

Portrait of William Price Francis Day Studio in Guild Hall

The Women’s Life Class (1879)

Rose Valley Seal

Carl Demoll managed this office in his years at Ballinger and Perrot

ROSE VALLEY ARTISTS

HORACE TRAUBEL (1858 -1919)

Traubel was a nationally known writer, poet, journalist, editor and publisher. He is best known for his friendship with Walt Whitman, one of the influencers of William Price. Traubel wrote a nine volume biography about Whitman, he was dedicated to maintaining his legacy. During Traubel’s first visit to Rose Valley he stayed in the Guest House ran by Nathan and Anna Kite. He was enchanted by the community and later returned to Philadelphia to establish the Rose Valley Print Shop. He had a monthly magazine known as the Artsman: The Art that is Life. William Price and Hawley McLanahan were also editors of the magazine. The Artsman was the voice of the early Rose Valley Folk and a written and visual account of life in Rose Valley.

WILLIAM JERVIS (1849 - 1925)

Jervis was a well known potter. He rented a studio in Rose Valley Guild Hall. Jervis made many highly praised pieces which hold the Rose Valley seal. He had a pottery shop in Rose valley and in that time he focused his work on the mastering of glazes. He used clay molds for the pottery and would mix glazes to achieve the look he desired. He is an example of how the use of machines was not completely forbidden within the Rose Valley community as long as it did not dictate the production of the work. Machines as tools were acceptable.

C. YARNELL ABBOTT (1870 – 1938)

Abbott was a lawyer photographer, painter, author, and musician. He came to Rose Valley and designed a unique home for his future wife Elenore. It had two design studios and common living areas providing the couple with their own space when needed.

Rose Valley Press Seal

Jervis in the Rose Valley Pottery Studio

They Hid Behind The Shoji

The Artsman Jervis Pottery Jervis Signature

The Darker Drink by C. Yarnall Abbott, 1908

A Coryphée

ROSE VALLEY ARTISTS

JOHN MAENE

Maene was a nationally known carver from Belgium. He had works at Princeton, Wellesley and the University of Pennsylvania. He came to Rose Valley in 1902 to be the foreman and head carver at the Rose valley Furniture Shop. It is believed that before Maene came to Rose Valley the Rose Valley Furniture could be mistaken for one of his Philadelphia works. A decorative gothic style was favored in the shop by William Price and it was quite expensive. He is the great great grandfather of the current Borough Manager Paula Healy.

HENRY TROTH

Henry Troth was a nationally known photographer. He came to Rose Valley in the early 1900’s, and built a summer home on Price’s Lane for him and his sister, Emma Troth. Troth was considered a pictorialist, a photographer that did not focus on clarity but instead creative artistic expression. His photos often had a soft tranquil quality to them.

HENRY HETZEL (1872 - 1951)

Hetzel moved to Rose Valley in 1903, he lived in a small “democratic house” next to Price. He rented part of the Old Mill to set up a workshop for his metal and wood crafts. In this shop he designed and built furniture for his home. Him and His wife were very involved in the community.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

Italian Bench

Carving of Child Hand Carved Figure, 1907

Wyck House, Germantown, PA

Henry Hetzel in his workshop, 1904

Rose Valley Gothic white oak bench, 1903

HEDGEROW THEATER PATRONS

WHARTON ESHERICK

Esherick was an international figure in the field of art history and modern American design. He specialized in wood carving. He did not live in Rose Valley but he had great connections to the community. He was drawn to the Arts and Crafts community and their spirit of living the artistic lifestyle. More specifically he was connected with the Hedgerow Theater. Esherick’s wife Letty and the wife of Jasper Deeter, Ruth, had been good friends, so when Deeter started the Hedgerow theater the news reached the Esherick family quickly. From there it did not take much convincing to get Esherick to design some sets, costumes and lighting for the theater. He contributed a staircase to the building. The Esherick women were also involved with the theater on and off stage.

MARY HETZEL

Wife to Henry Hetzel Mary was an active member of the Rose valley Community. She lived in a William Price “Democratic House” and was one of his neighbors. The Hetzels were thoroughly involved with the community, her name appearing frequently on committees regarding entertainments in the Guild Hall. Mary served as secretary of the Rose Valley Association from 1903-1910 and secretary of the Folk from 1905 through 1910. She was also a teacher of manual training in Philly.

ELENORE ABBOTT

Abbott was a nationally known illustrator, scenic designer, and artist (both landscape and portrait). Elenore came to Rose Valley in 1911. She is reputed to have painted her house on Possum Hollow road a Bermuda pink. She was known for doing scene design for the original theater group, the Rose Valley Players. Elenore was a member of the Plastic Club with Alice Barber Stephens. She also established the Rose Valley Swimming Pool by donating land and then later selling her paintings to raise money for the construction of the pool.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

Living room of the House of the Democrat , 1906

House of the Democrat by William Price

Illustration Carnival Celebration Illustration for “Dragon Princess” (Grimm Fairy Tales)

“NO!” (1934, pearwood) was Wharton Esherick’s version of a ‘Do Not Enter’ sign for the balcony of the Hedgerow Theatre

“Hedgerow Theatre” woodcut, 1929.

HEDGEROW THEATER PATRONS

JASPER DEETER (1893 - 1972)

Deeter stumbled into Rose Valley on accident. He was unhappy with his theater company because they no long embodied the sincere artistry of drama. He was passing through Rose Valley when he came upon a small theater group. With the help of Margaret Oliver, wife to the owner of the theater and local star, Jasper built the Hedgerow theater group. He was the one who put the theater on the map. Deeter operated the Hedgerow, which has a seating capacity of about 165, from 1923 until 1956 when he became head of

F. TOWNSEND MORGAN (1883 - 1965)

Townsend was a well known etcher and artist. He came to Rose Valley in 1920. He used his talents to create posters, scenery, and programs for the performances of the Rose Valley Chorus and other dramatic groups.

MARGARET OLIVER (1879-1930)

Oliver was an actress and playwright living in Rose Valley. She began with the Rose Valley Players and later became apart of Jasper Deeter’s Hedgerow Theater. Her husband, Stauffer Oliver, owned the Guild Hall at that time. The Hall was used by residents of the Valley for all their social events, as well as the many theatrical and vocal recitals and productions.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

Postage Stamp 1949

Poster for Ruddygore (1922)

The Turtle Dove, written and directed by Margaret

“Tea and Little Rice Cakes” and “Six One-Act Plays”, written by Margaret

the Hedgerow School of Acting.

Company photo, 1934. Jasper Deeter in the center

Jasper Deeter in The Emperor Jones.

HEDGEROW THEATER TODAY

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

MARCIE BRAMUCCI EXECUTIVE ARTISTIC DIRECTOR

ELIZABETH HANSON COSTUME SHOP MANAGER

DARLENE MCCLELLAN DIRECTOR OF OPERATIONS

ART HUNTER GROUP SALES DIRECTOR

SAMMY HURLEY BOX OFFICE MANAGER/SOUND ENGINEER

CHELSEA DRUMEL COMPANY MANAGER

NICKI BONURA RESIDENT FELLOW

SARAH STRYKER RESIDENT FELLOW

SUSAN WEFEL RESIDENT COMPANY MEMBER

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ROSE VALLEY BOROUGH COUNCIL

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

WILLIAM HALE MAYOR

LEONARD BUSBY EAC REPRESENTATIVE SHAWN STANCILL PUBLIC SAFETY

MATTHEW SULLIVAN HIGHWAYS, INSURANCE & TECHNOLOGY

SHANNON PROWN PLANNING JOSEPH HARE FINANCE

PAULA HEALY BOROUGH MANAGER

LISA FINK OFFICE ASSISTANT

DAVID A. FIRN PRESIDENT VIPPY YEE VICE PRESIDENT; LIBRARY, TECHNOLOGY & COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION LIAISON

SOURCES

https://www.hedgerowtheatre.org/teaching-artists

https://digital.rosevalleymuseum.org/items/browse?collection=13&page=14

https://www.thetileworks.org/

https://rosevalleymuseum.org/the-arts-and-crafts-tile-the-influence-of-henry-chapman-mercer-video-2/ https://archives.upenn.edu/exhibits/penn-people/biography/frank-furness/ https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/ralph-waldo-emerson

https://crystalbridges.org/blog/the-powerful-influence-of-walt-whitman/ https://www.olmsted.org/the-olmsted-legacy/frederick-law-olmsted-sr https://archive.artic.edu/apostlesbeauty/amerarts/ https://www.stickleymuseum.org/history/ https://libapps.libraries.uc.edu/exhibits/williammorris/influence-in-private-press/elbert-hubbard/ https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/642930 https://www.chippingcampdenhistory.org.uk/content/history/people-2/arts_artists_and_craftspeople/c_r_ashbee https://ruskinmuseum.com/who-was-john-ruskin-1819-1900/ https://morrissociety.org/william-morris/life/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/john-maene/ https://americandecorativeart.com/internalpages/inventory/rosevalley/index.html

https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/after-1911/margaret-scott-oliver/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/after-1911/f-townsend-morgan/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/after-1911/c-yarnall-abbott/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/after-1911/elenore-abbott/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/nathan-and-anna-kite/ https://www.nytimes.com/1972/06/01/archives/jasper-deeter-78-producer-is-dead-headed-hedgerow-theater-worked.html https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/henry-hetzel/

Arts and Crafts to Modern Design William L. Price https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/william-jervis/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/alice-barber-stephens/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/horace-traubel/ https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/carl-de-moll/ https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1442&context=hp_theses

https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/francis-day/ https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1442&context=hp_theses

https://carlisleindian.dickinson.edu/sites/all/files/docs-documents/NARA_RG75_CCF_b022_f14_11512.pdf

https://boktowergardens.org/edward-bok/

https://jefferson.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000858685303866&context=L&vid=01TJU_INST:01TJU_EastFalls&lang=en&search_scope=EastFallsALL&adaptor=Local%20 Search%20Engine&tab=Everything&query=any,contains,%22Edward%20Bok%22&offset=0

https://lowermerionhistory.org/?page_id=187263

https://www.google.com/books/edition/William_L_Price/m19alHeSKVwC?hl=en&gbpv=0

https://chipstone.org/images.php/638/American-Furniture-2012/William-Lightfoot-Price:-His-Furniture-and-Its-Context

https://www.nytimes.com/1974/06/13/archives/maurice-bower-saul.html

https://www.livingplaces.com/PA/Delaware_County/Rose_Valley_Borough.html

https://prabook.com/web/maurice_bower.saul/1076205

https://rosevalleymuseum.org/history/the-artists/1901-1911/herbert-walton/ https://norman.hrc.utexas.edu/bookshopdoor/signature.cfm?item=146

https://www.newspapers.com/clip/37307831/mclanahan-estate-march-28-1905/

https://prabook.com/web/m.mclanahan/1398403

https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?CC=US&NR=1372307A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=&date=19210322&DB=EPODOC&locale= https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/ac/3b/96/eaf62c1322ef0b/US806580.pdf

https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/36/05/a1/585674fdd22745/US530725.pdf

https://www.midcontinent.org/rollingstock/builders/pressedsteel2.htm

https://www.newspapers.com/clip/46148970/obituary-for-charles-t-schoen/ https://books.google.com books?hl=en&lr=&id=oUYDAAAAYAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP19&dq=%22Charles+T.+Schoen%22&ots=cA6 ri8Xj0&sig=3CJfNI6CbWNC2oL87pUjt615PLY#v=onepage&q=%22Charles%20 T.%20Schoen%22&f=false

IDEATION

HedgerowTheaterisacriticalpieceoftheRoseValleycommunity.The theaterisoneofthelastingremnantsoftheArtsandCraftslifestylethat waslivedinRoseValleywhenitwasfirstcreated.

GENIUS LOCI OF HEDGEROW THEATER

The ideation highlights the culture and passion of the Hedgerow Theater in the past, present and future. It captures the founders of the past with Jasper Deeter in the center and honors the artisans who contributed to the productions with illustrations of the theater and plays. It captures the passion of the art of acting with scenes from more recent productions and introduces a future with potentially new programs that revive the artistic community that was once in Rose Valley and engage with the community.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

Hamlet Scene overlayed Wharton Esherick Sketch of Hedgerow

John Browns Body Scene

Jasper Deeter on the Front Steps at Hedgerow

Future of Hedgerow: Artisan Village

A ROSE VALLEY ARTISAN COMMUNITY AYANNA NELSON

ARTISAN COMMUNITY

Rose Valley was a community established in the 1900s of artists and craftsmen who made their craft a way of life. Studios were located throughout the town and in many homes. Alice Barber Stephens and her husband Charles Stephens were illustrators who had studios in their home, Thunderbird Lodge. The old bobbin mill, now Hedgerow Theater, was the studio of Francis Day who was one of the first residents of Rose Valley and creator of the Rose Valley Seal. Being an artist was a part of life in the original Rose Valley and often residents would use their crafts for the betterment of the community. At the theater illustrators designed play bills, sculptors and craftsmen designed stage sets. There was a network of people who were willing to donate and barter their crafts. People taught their craft as well at workshops for the community. As time went on the artisan tradition in Rose Valley weakened due to the economic struggles of manufacturers in the 1910s. The goal of this proposal is to reintroduce the artisan tradition back to Rose Valley.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

Alice Barber Stephens Studio in her Home (Thunderbird Lodge)

Francis Day Studio in the Old Bobbin Mill (Hedgerow Theater)

Rose Valley Pottery Studio

A ROSE VALLEY ARTISAN VILLAGE

AYANNA NELSON

HedgerowTheaterisacriticalpieceoftheRoseValleycommunity.The theaterisoneoftheonlyplacesthatbringspeopleintothetown.An artisanvillagewillhelptorevivetheartisticcommunityinRoseValleyand bringmoreattentiontothetownanditsculture.

PROPOSAL

Build an Artisan Village at the Hedgerow theater to revive the artistic community promoting the history and culture of artisans and creatives in Rose Valley.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The Artisan Village will include studios and galleries where members of the community can come to practice their craft and share their art and skills with other people in the community. Additionally, it will include an outdoor space that will bring people to Hedgerow and promote the theater.

IDENTIFIED CLIENTS AND USERS

Artisans - client and users

Community members - users

Rose Valley Visitors - users

A ROSE VALLEY ARTISAN VILLAGE

AYANNA NELSON

OPTION 1: TEMPORARY STRUCTURE

The goal of the temporary structure and hard-scape design is to provide the theater with an adaptive design that can be dissembled and altered whenever necessary. The design would create a space that can be used as an open community square regardless of an event and continue to accommodate parking needs of the theater.

PROS

Adaptability

Maintains parking

Increase of activity on site

Provide public space for the community

CONS

Requires labor for assembly and disassembly

Weather limitations

A ROSE VALLEY ARTISAN VILLAGE

AYANNA NELSON

OPTION 2: PERMANENT STRUCTURE

A permanent structure can aim to have rent-able units on the Hedgerow campus where creatives can practice their crafts. It would encourage members of the community to be involved with the history of the Arts and Crafts movement that was in the town and would help bring in revenue for the theater. Additionally, as in the past the artisans can use their crafts to help promote the theater. The structure would need to be respectful of the theater, but still be visible from the road. The artisan village will also act as an open public space that the community can use.

PROS

Rent will bring in revenue for the theater

Increase visibility from road

Increase of activity on site

Provide public space for the community

CONS

Decrease parking

PROGRAM TEST

SINGLE BUILDING

TEST

GRID ORGANIZATION

The plan is organized along the edge of the site to maximize the amount of available open space. The building footprint is minimized which causes constraints with the size of interior spaces. However, the open space is maintained to accommodate the parking needs of the theater and there is potential to extend the interior spaces into the exterior.

PROGRAM TEST

VILLAGE TEST 1

GRID ORGANIZATION

Using a grid organization, derived from site context, this scheme uses a majority of the site for 4 buildings. The method is more village like because there is multiple buildings that have a central plaza. This scheme also allows for more square footage to be allocated for each program space. The issue of the parking however is not addressed.

PRIMARY PROGRAM

Gallery (864sqft)

Artisan Store (490sqft)

Studios (4092sqft)

Flex Classroom (816sqft)

SUPPORT PROGRAM

Cafe (396sqft)

Office (100sqft)

Restrooms (700sqft)

OUTDOOR PROGRAM

Patio (360sqft)

Plaza (1728sqft)

Total Built: 7448sqft

Total Open Space: 2088sqft

PROGRAM TEST

VILLAGE TEST 2

RADIAL GRID ORGANIZATION

Organized around a central plaza this plan uses both a grid and a radial pattern. The buildings are broken up based on program and they are each only one story. Parking is placed underground and acts as a structural guide for the footprint of the buildings. This scheme does create a small village on the site but the square footage of the spaces has decreased from the previous Village Test 1.

PRIMARY PROGRAM

Gallery (708sqft)

Artisan Store (300sqft)

Studios (2292sqft)

Flex Classroom (625sqft)

SUPPORT PROGRAM

Cafe (540sqft)

Community Amenities (273sqft)

Underground Parking (28 Spots)

OUTDOOR PROGRAM

Patio (360sqft)

Plaza (2000sqft)

Total Built: 3925sqft

Total Open Space: 2360sqft

A ROSE VALLEY ARTISAN VILLAGE AYANNA NELSON

SIMILAR PROJECT 1: GOSSAMER CITY PROJECT

LocatedinHackney,LondonGossamerCityisacommercialdevelopment thataimstohighlighttheentrepreneurialhistoryofHackney.Itisinan industrialareaandthatisreflectedinthechoiceofshippingcontainers andbrickasthemainsourceofmaterials.

CONCEPT

The projects encourages artists, entrepreneurs, and creatives to come together into one space where they can showcase their craft. The containers are used as studios, salons, shops, etc. Additionally, there are communal amenities provided for anyone who rents a container including access to the courtyard, cafe/ kitchenette, showers and a mailbox. https://gossamercityproject.london/about/

College of Architecture & The Built Environment Thomas Jefferson University

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

A ROSE VALLEY ARTISAN VILLAGE

AYANNA NELSON

SIMILAR PROJECT 2: POWWOWWOW COMMERCIAL CENTER

LocatedinthecentraldistrictofBangkokthiscommercialcenteraims toprovideasmallsustainablecommercialspacewiththeinclusionof markets,cafesandurbanfarming.Itcreatesasenseofcommunityamong whichisnotoftenseenamonglargehighrises.

FORM

The foot print of the structure is minimized to allow for existing and new plants on the site to thrive. The program is divided into small boxes that are stacked and arranged to allow an open air walkway through the center with rooftop access. Everything is then covered with a metal roof held up with columns.

https://www.archdaily.com/995133/powwowwow-commercial-center-all-zone?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user

College of Architecture & The Built Environment Thomas Jefferson University

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

A ROSE VALLEY ARTISAN VILLAGE AYANNA NELSON

SIMILAR PROJECT 3: SHATRA WORKSHOP PAVILION

LocatedinSerbiathispavilionwasbuiltbyagroupofstudentsatthe EASA2021Realityworkshop.Sincethepavilionwaspartofaneventand assembledbystudentsithadtobeportableandeasytoassembleand dissemble.

CONCEPT / FORM

The portability of the pavilion is what makes the project interesting. It is a simple frame with fabric draped over it, but it transforms the space into an outdoor conversation workshop space. It provides a space to have a dialogue. Additionally, it can be taken apart turning the space back into its original state.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE

ROSE VALLEY LANGUAGE

ThearchitecturallanguageofRoseValleyincludesstrongnaturalmaterials. Stonefacadesareusedwithwoodendetails.Thereisgreatattentionto detailsandcraftsmanshipofdecorativeelements.

ARTISAN VILLAGE LANGUAGE

The language of the artisan village will use the similar natural materials, but it will also include elements of steel framings. The contrast of the light stick frame will be used to identify the new structures on the site while the stone anchors the new structures within the Rose Valley context.

The language will explore transparencies and a blend of interior and exterior spaces. The textures and patterns of materials will be used to express the interior program of space.

Material color will be used to contrast the natural landscape of the surrounding context so the new structures are visible from afar.

PROCESS SKETCHES

ARTISAN VILLAGE

Rose Valley was a community of artists and craftsmen who made their craft a way of life. Studios were located throughout the town and in many homes including in the Former Guild Hall, now Hedgerow Theatre. As time went on the artisan tradition in Rose Valley weakened due to the economic struggles of manufacturers. The goal of this proposal is to reintroduce the artisan tradition back to Rose Valley. The artisan village provides studios, a classroom, a gallery and store for artisans to practice their craft and display their skills.

ARTISAN STUDIOS

Studios for artisans to develop their craft

ARTISAN STORE

A means of income for the artisans and Hedgerow through a consignment system

ARTISAN GALLERY

Visibility for the artisans within the community

ARTISAN CLASSROOM

An opportunity for artisans to teach their craft to the community

CAFE

A social place for people to meet outside of the theatre

OUTDOOR SPACE

An open outdoor space for the community to gather

STUDIOS

Designed to facilitate craftsmanship within the community. Visibility from the street.

CLASSROOM

Creates a learning environment that fosters community within Hedgerow and Rose Valley. Visibility from the street and access to courtyard.

GALLERY

Visibility for artisans increasing accessibility to the community. Opens to community green space and courtyard.

Public cafe as a means of attracting visitors to Hedgerow and the Artisan Village. Additional revenue.

ARTISAN CLASSROOM

A designated classroom area where visitors can come and learn a new craft from the artisans

ARTISAN STORE

A store with inventory provided by the artisans. Means of income for the artisans and Hedgerow via consignment system.

ARTISAN GALLERY

A gallery which features the work of the artisans as a means of creating interest within the community

Underground Parking Entrance. Provides twenty parking spots

ARTISAN STUDIOS

Private studios for artisans to practice their craft and produce work for the gallery and store.

Rose Valley Community & The Hedgerow Theater Ayanna Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

Thomas Jefferson University

Historic Preservation & Adaptive Reuse Design Studio Nelson

CONCLUSION /REFLECTION

The exploration of an adaptive reuse project was informative. It forced a greater relationship to context which is something that is not always considered. The extensive research and understanding of the genius loci of place as well as the architectural language of the place is important in understanding how to design something new in a place with such a rich history. Factors such as facade design and material choices must all be considered and used to design in a way that does not take away from the historical context of place.

The research and study of the history of Rose Valley and how it compares to now was an interesting discovery. The relations of the community members played a great role in the architectural interventions that were necessary for the community to function efficiently. The history of place and the great changes that occurred where determining factors in the program proposals for the historical site.

Designing with stakeholders at the table was very different from having no outside influence. Having to consider the desires of the stakeholders greatly influenced the program and overall design intent of the project. It also altered the design process because there was a constant need to check back in with the stakeholders for opinions. Having a design that wasn’t easily achievable because of the parking dilemma made it harder for the stakeholders see the potential positives. The use of sketches instead of hard lining was a beneficial tool because it did not imply that the project was finished.

Overall I enjoyed the experience. It was good for interacting with clients and was a new experience that opened my eyes to many possibilities.