Negar Maleki MLA Landscape+ Urbanism Architecture, 2018
Landscape Architecture Negar Maleki K1835166@kingston.ac.uk
Qualifications Master of Landscape Architecture + Urbanism
2017-2020
Master of Conservation and Restoration of Architectural Heritage and
2011-2014
Historic Fabrics Bachelor of Science, Agricultural Engineering and Plant Protection
2006-2010
‘We abuse land because we see it as a commodity belonging to us. When we see land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect.’ Aldo Leopold
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Work Experience
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Reading Brighton as Interface: Conflicts &
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Opportunities
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Landscape & Urbanism Studio, 2019-20
Hills Market Place
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Studio II, 2018
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Graffiti Gallery
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Studio II, 2018
Campus Rest Area
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Studio I, 2017
Singel Park, Leiden Netherlands Analysis
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Design Media II, 2018
Reconstruction of Iranian Gardens of the Qajar Period
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Master’s Thesis, 2014
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Reading Brighton as Interface: Conflicts & Opportunities Landscape & Urbanism Studio, 2019-20 This project is a study of the City of Brighton and
Hove, conflicts and opportunities. Brighton and Hove is located in the UK south coast. The Brighton & Hove seafront is one of the most attractive and unique beaches in the UK. Each year, more than 10 million tourists visit this area. The City Council is working on a regeneration and redevelopment project on the seafront to enhance resilience and restore its historic character. Climate change has significantly changed climate elements in Brighton. This city is threaten by sea level rise, and the possibility of severe life-threatening flooding is increasing each year. There are progressively bigger storms, increasing rainfall and rising sea levels. The Brighton coast has diverse physical forms including cliffs, dunes and beaches, towns and villages along the coastal fringe and areas of agricultural land. The project area shoreline is characterized by shingle beaches.
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Brighton & Hove 0
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100 km
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Brighton Climate
Due to increased wind speed, precipitation, and wave heights, flood risk is the highest in Autumn, which can cause
severe damages. In the summer and spring, the flood risk is the lowest, and thus, people can enjoy beach activities. During the summer and spring, the flood risk is the lowest rate, and thus, people can enjoy beach activities. In the winter, the flood risk is moderate since the wind speed and waves are high, but precipitation is low.
The red dash line shows the flood risk in different seasons in Brighton based on my climate analysis. In the summer and spring, the flood risk is the lowest, and thus, people can enjoy beach activities.
Due to increased wind speed, precipitation, and wave heights, flood risk is the highest in the fall, which can cause severe damages.
In the winter, the flood risk is moderate since the wind speed and waves are high but precipitation is low.
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Maps below illustrates group study of Brighton & Hove. Several categories: Environment and Territory, Urban Morphology, Mobility, Urban Metabolism, Society, Identity and Culture, Governance and Management, Economy and Activity, and Shore: Risk and Vulnerability, which have been worked on as a team.
Flooding Risk
Sewage & Storm Water Management in Brighton
Water pumping station Sewer Flood Risk Tunnel 1990s 2m Dia. Tunnel 1870s 2.14m Dia., 183m Dia., 1.53m Dia. Tunnel 1990s 6m Dia. Tunnel 2010s 2.4m Dia. Sewer connection
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Economy The economy study of Brighton, shown in the diagrams that will follow, have 4 different categories: housing, equality, education, and employment. Although, each item is a different criterion for evaluating the economy, there is a clear relationship between them, which can be perceived on diagrams.
People with other qualifica�ons or unknown qualifica�ons People with highest qualifica�on level 1
7% 11% 37% 13%
People with highest qualifica�on level 2
16%
People with other qualifica�ons or unknown People with highestqualifica�ons qualifica�on level 3
16%
Qualifica�ons and par�cipa�on in highe
Gini coefficient 2016
0.43
144,942
143
38,330 204,445 45,380 15% of children are living in poverty in Brighton and Hove
Housing Associa�on Landlord
Households in Social Rentership (%) 2011
Local Authority Landloard
Private Housing Equiality Economic Context Educa�on Context
N
7
0
100
300
600
Households Ren�ng Privatelt or Living Rent-Free (%) 2011
House Thier
Water Supply; Sewerage, Waste Management and Remedia�on Ac�vi�es Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Condi�oning Supply Real Estate Ac�vi�es
Business & Innova�on Patent Applica�ons
Manufacturing Other Service Ac�vi�es
11.51
Transporta�on and Storage
People with highest qualifica�on level 4+
Business Stock
Construc�on
4670.7
Arts, Entertainment and Recrea�on
Business Start-ups
682.1
Business Closures
594
Public Administra�on and Defence; Compulsory Social Security Informa�on and Communica�on Professional, Scien�fic and Technical Ac�vi�es
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Financial and Insurance Ac�vi�es
Per 10,000 popula�on
Administra�ve and Support Service Ac�vi�es Accommoda�on and Food Service Ac�vi�es Educa�on
People with no qualifica�ons
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles
er educa�on
Human Health and Social Work Ac�vi�es
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
NUmber of Workers
£28,182
Eco n
ically Ac t om
533.6
s ye e t
S e lf E m
Self Employed
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
pl o
Unemployed
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ye
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nt yme plo Em
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Unemployed
Full-�me Workers Wage per week
3,213 Industrial Structure
Manufacturing
Other Sectors
Brighton’s Rela�ve Housing Costs Map Housing costs share of net household income in 2016.
Other Private Services
Private Knowledge Intensive Business Services
Increase In Housing Costs Share
Public Services
d
eholds that Own or Part-Own Home (%) 2011
England
Brighton Brighton Post Area Septamber 2018-August2019 £351k Avg. Property Price £173k Most Affordable Avg. Price
-5%
0%
5% Terraced
10% Semi-detached
15% Flats
20% Detached
25%
30%
All
10 years price Change
1% Avg. Price Percentage Change £4.3k Avg. Price Change
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Sea level Sea level
7180 7160 7140 7120 7100
7180 7160 7140 7120 7100
Sea level
Erosion in Brighton Coastline 7180 7160 7140 7120 7100
Sea Level During 18 Years
Coastal erosion is a process that is accruing day in day out in the Brighton coastline. Nowadays, we are aware of this process and strive to prevent it or slow it down. The Brighton coast has diverse physical forms including cliffs, dunes and beaches, towns and villages along the coastal fringe and areas of agricultural A land. The study shoreline is characterized by chalk cliff and shingle beaches. Year The west side of Brighton beach covered with shingles is susceptible to flooding risk. The shingle beaches are controlled by groynes. The dominant wind direction is south westerly, and as a result, shingles and sands are moved eastwards. 7200 7180 7160 7140 7120 7100
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2018
2016
2014
2012
2010
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7080 1998
Sea Level
Shore Line Indicative erosion up to 2015
National and international nature conservative area
Indicative erosion up to 2055
Plunging Waves on to the chalks, wave cut the platform can lead to down warning of platform. This is increase when there is a lack of shingle cover on the beach.
West cons
Wave attack Lead to undercutting at the toe of the cliff which result in larger cliff failures.
Anticipated surge water lever
Dominant wind direction sw
Dominant wind direction sw
Typical water level
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D
D C B A
C
B The main source of shingles onto the beaches is from the River Adur, and the Shoreham Port Authority regularly recharge the beaches. Climate change has significantly changed climate elements in Brighton. There are bigger storms, increasing rainfall and rising sea levels. These events increase the coastal erosion in a large scale. The east of the Brighton coastline is dominated by chalk cliffs and a wave cut platform. Waves attack the toe of the cliff and undercut the cliff, which result in cliff failures. When the sea level rises due to increased rain and storm, the erosion process intensifies. The east of the Brighton coastline is covered by shingle, which is considered a protection mechanism against erosion. In this area the groynes control coastline and prevent the shingle from moving away. Coast line Erosion
The beaches to the west of Brighton Marina comprise of shingle ridges controlled by groynes.
t of Brighton marina covered by shingle and it sidered as an in defended area. Anticipated surge water lever
Dominant wind direction sw
Typical water level
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In the diagram below the transformation of the Brighton & Hove waterfront in several years is illustrated. It can be clearly seen that the shingle washed away to the sea because of the lack of vegetation and no protection plan.
High Tide
Low Tide
First Year
High Tide Low Tide
FifthYear
High Tide Low Tide
FifteenthYear 0
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10
40
100
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Strategies Design rain garden to reduce the surface flooding risk
Create a resilience area to protect the city from sea level rising
Create a link between water front and the seafront
Restore brick historic arches and create a new sustainable social and business space
Protecte the green wall
Develop a comprehensive plan to conserve and protect the chalk cliff Restore Madeira terrace
and arches and create a new sustainable social and business space
Unused/parking spaces Develop as an area for graffiti art gallery
Conserve and enhance national beauty, wildlife, and cultural heritage
Create a greener beach by designing rain gardens and using resistant plants for stormwater management Develop a strong link between the east and west side of the beach
Design area Wave Movement Direc�on
Create a link between Madeira Street and the seafront
Improve the connection between Madeira and Marine Parade Streets
Calm Area
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Create a strong link between the national park and the city and its waterfront
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50
150
Swer Flooding Risk
Creating green region in the city by make a strong connection between proposed rain garden and exsited gardens. Proposed Rain garden
Green Region
Sewer
Rain Garden
Sewer Flood Risk
Existed gardens
Tunnel 1990s 2m Dia.
No green vegetation
Tunnel 2010s 2.4m Dia.
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N 0
50
150
0
50
150
50
25
25
KING'S GARDENS
8.9m
9.1m
9.0m
8.8m
9.1m
KINGSWAY
9.2m 9.0m
BRUNSWICK TERRACE
9.0m
8.8m
8.5m
8.6m
Victoria Terrace
9.7m
9.0m
KINGSWAY
Courtenay Terrace
9.9m
B2122
St Catherine's Terrace
Daisy Court
10.1m
KINGSWAY
Posts Posts
10.1m
10.6m 11.0m
KING'S ROAD
10.9m 10.7m 11.3m 11.8m
Esplanade
BLACK LION ST REET
SOU TH STR EET
King's Esplanade Hov e Sea Wall
Hov e Sea Wall 12.1m
King's
Esplanade
KING'S ESPLANADE
Mean H igh
1 Meter Land Countor Line
Water
KING'S ROAD
2.4
12.3m
12.5m
Mean H igh Water
Groyne
Mean High Water
Shingle
Sand and
Groyne
Sand and
12.7m 12.7m
KING'S ROAD
d S hingle S and an
2 Meter Bathymetric Countor Line
d S hingle S and an
Shingle
d S hingle S and an
d S hingle S and an
Mean
KING'S H igh
Water
Mean Low Water
Sand and
d S hingle S and an
Shingle
Mean Low Water
2.4
Mean Low Water
Mean H igh
Water
2.4
Sea Level Rise 2m
Q UE EN SB UR
9.9m
S US SE X ROAD
Leveling Up
MEDINA T ERRACE
Design Area
Low Tide Conservation Area Sea Level Rise 1m
Y MEWS
KING'S ROAD
Hide Tide
Shingle
Sand
d S hingle S and an
Sea Level Rise 3m
Mean H igh Water
d S hingle S and an
Mean Low Water
Proposed Rain Garden
Sea Level Rise 4m Sea Level Rise 5m
Rain Direction and Amount
2.4 8.2m
Existed Green Area N
N
0
100
0
150
50
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Activities
Biking Sitting/ shading Biking Walking/ RunningPlaygound Water Park Walking/ Running Sitting/ shading Sun bathing Relaxing Relaxing Relaxing Sun bathing Swiming
Biking Sitting/ shadingWalking/ Running Water Park Water Park Playgound Sitting/ shading Sun bathing Relaxing Relaxing Relaxing Sun bathing Swiming
Paddeling 30 m in 6 mile s
Paddeling Paddeling
Proposing a new biking route along the sea which connect river Adur to the chalk cliff, black rock, and national park. This route is about 30 minutes and 6 miles which make this path accessible for everyone.
Hove Carnival
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Events
Circulation
Heroes Run fror RISE
Summer Farm Market
schools’ events Yoga Group events
There are several exsisted events in the lawn that the proposed design consider those and provides a high quaity space for them.
Food Festival Luna Beach Cinema
Paddle Round the Pier
Improving the connections between the city and the beach.
N 0
50
150
N 0
13
50
150
Paddeling
ROAD
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Strategies
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Design Process
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Brighton Beach Transformation
D
Existing Contour Line
Long Shore Transport Groyne
on
Sediment Build Up
Wi
nd
Dir ecďż˝
Wave Movement
8m
Transformed Contour Line in the Proposed Design
7m
7m
6m
4m 5m 3m 1m 2m
4m 3m
5m
Sediment Build Up
1m
6m 4m 3m 2m
Wave Movement
Wi
nd
Dir ecďż˝
on
8m
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Master Plan
Physical Model
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Section B-B’
Seccon B-B’
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5
10
20
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Section Detail of the Bridge in the Site Glass
Timber
Cor-Ten Steel
Rock Rip-rap
0
5
Stone slab Retaining Wall
Drill Bolt 14 Meters
Concrete Cliff Foundation Concrete Footing
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Glass
COR-TEN Steel
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0
10
20
Shading Details
Shading Column Details Section detail of the pole connection to the ground
The foundation can tolerate high speed winds.
Base plate details
Stain Steel Junction
Stain Steel Junction Details
Base Plate and Ribs
Sitting plate
Concrete Footing
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Section A-A’
Proposed Design
Existing Condition
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Final Design Model
Design Model At Night
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The Bridge I proposed a bridge up to the sea to create a different experience and view for visitors. My experience of being on the groynes and looking down at the sea and waves inspired me to design a glass flooring bridge in my proposal.
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Berm to the Beach There is a lack of ramp and access for users with disability. My vision is to create an accessible path to the waterfront and beach.
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The Bridge There are various opportunities to create several activities in the site including biking path, water park, playground, sitting and shading area for gatherings, amphitheater, and relaxing areas.
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Site in Stormy Event The sea level is rising and the city is threatened by the sea surge. The flooding protection could be improved by decreasing the risk of flooding achieved by using barriers to reduce the wave energy and increasing the level of waterfront.
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Hills Market Place Studio II, 2018 Lawrence Street is one the main streets in Albany Park and is home to the busy Kimball train station. During our several visits to the area, we observed that people were running, and there was virtually no place for them to sit or spend time. One of the interesting features of this street is that a highly diverse and multi-cultural population live and work in this area. Also, there are many vendors which serve the area by providing the community with food, and groceries. This place can be reshaped and transformed to an abstraction of a nostalgic place for people whose home countries have open market places and bazaars, as well as natural hills. This place can be a platform for businesses to sell and represent their products and also for the community to visit and fulfil their necessities. On the other side of this area is a parking lot that facilitates the vitality of the stores and businesses.
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Middle Eastern Kimball Station
Asian Temporary Market
Permanent Market
Spanish
Ecuadorian community
Building entrance Commercial Parking Office Plaza Bank Vendor
In this project, I have attempted to craft a place whose form is inspired by the nature, although it is a place for business. The structure of this place echoes hills that we see in natural landscapes.
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In my design, the parking lot still serves its main purpose but it can also serve as a non-permanent market, such as farmers’ markets or other seasonal or weekly markets. Businesses can use tents and light structures to form the temporary market.
A1 B1
Base Plan Design
Water Circulation Diagram
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A2 B2
N 0
8’
16’
32’
Parking
vehicle transportation
pedestrianmovement
Movement Diagram
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Each color represents a different activity:
Flower Vendors
Fresh Produce Vendors
Toy Vendors
Food Vendors
Sitting area
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Section A1-A2
0 4’ 8’
16’
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Section B1-B2
0
4’
8’
16’
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Physical Model of the Designed Area
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Graffity Walls Forms
Community Garden Panels Form
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Sketch 1: River Side and a New Bridge Designs
Sketch 1: River Side and a New Bridge Designs
Sketch 1: River Side and a New Bridge Designs
Progress of Graffiti Walls Positi
Sketch 2: River Side Design
Graffiti Gallery
Sketch 2: River Side Design
Studio II, 2018 Albany Park is a neighborhood in north side of Chicago. The class research was about various points along the Chicago River. By visiting the site, I observed many
Sketch 3: Graffiti Walls Positio
graffiti and street arts under bridges and secluded areas, Sketch 2: River Side Design
which formed my ideas for the Graffiti Gallery project. In my design, I used community garden in open areas and graffiti walls were placed in areas desired to be blocked from view. The graffiti walls can rotate along the vertical axis. This design does not have predetermined paths, and people can walk freely all over the area, and do their activities, whether related to the community gardens or
Carmen Ave
graffiti art. As a wall moves, a new path is formed, creat-
A1
ing a dynamic and living landscape.
Base Plan Design
Lawndale Ave
Physical model of the designed
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s
Progress of Graffiti Walls Positioning
Hidden Progress of Graffiti Walls Positioning
Open
Hidden Open Hidden
ioning
Open
Sketch 3: Graffiti Walls Position
Hidden Sketch 3: Graffiti Walls Position
Progress of Walking Path Positioning Open
Hidden Progress of Hidden and Open Space Positioning
on Chic
ago
Rive
r
Graffity Walls Forms
A2
Gra
ffiti W alls
Community Garden Panels Form
B2 Gra Community Garden
ffiti W alls
Chic
ago
Rive
r
Hidden
B1
Open
Hidden
Sketch 1: River Side and a New Bridge Designs
Community Garden
Progress of Graffiti Walls Positioning Open
0’
8’
16’
N
Hidden
32’
Open
Several paths could be formed by Hidden moving graffitiProgress walls. of Walking Path Positioning
area
Open
Hidden
Sketch 2: River Side Design
Monticello Ave
Progress of Hidden and Open Space Positioning
Sketch 3: Graffiti Walls Position
Graffity Walls Forms
Community Garden Panels Form
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This area attracts children and adults as a place of activities. Stairs were designed on the river bank to allow people get close to the river. Patches of plants were also used to create a river-side garden and connect the river with the park.
Mulch
Permeable Concrete
Mulch
Permeable Concrete
Street pavement
Permeable Concrete
Riversid
Street pavement
Permeable Concrete
Riversid
Mulch
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Permeable Concrete
Riverside Garden
River Bed
Riverside Garden
Riverside Garden
River Bed
Riverside Garden
de garden
River Bed
de garden
River Bed
Riverside Garden
River Bed
Riverside Garden 0
4’
8’
16’
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Campus Rest Area Studio I, 2017 During my studies of the erosion in Lake Michigan in Chicago, I observed that erosion as a phenomenon occurs erratically and is out of our control. Erosion is typically caused by water and wind and takes a wavy form. Inspired by this phenomenon, the main concept of this design was formed. For this project, I focused on alternating forms, spatial compositions, and plantings to emphasize the erratic and irregular nature of erosion. These irregularities reveal the distinct geological eras and soil types where erosion had occurred. In this design, I emphasize causes of erosion such as water and wind by devoting components of this design to each element.
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S
Sand blown landward from Chicago beaches is trapped by dune vegetations, gardually repairing and rebuilding dunes.
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Mapping Landscape Processes
The models above illustrate the existing landscape of 33rd Street in Chicago, which was the topic of my landscape processes project. The Images on the right side illustrate 3D-analogues of landscape processes and landforms. The image below represents landscape underground and illustrates how erosion impacts earth and generates patterns invisible to humans’ eyes. The illustration below is to be featured in a forthcoming book titled ‘Representing Landscapes: Analogue’, Chapter “Inside Out: Illustrating Site Experience through Drawing”, edited by Nadia Amoroso (Routledge, Taylor and Francis 2018).
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Sketches on the right top illustrates how people and landscape interact in the current landscape form. Images on the right are abstractions of the landscape erosion processes. Images below illustrate process abstraction, contours and topography.
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Erosion is movement of rocks and sediment form one place to another. In a growing landscape, slopes become gradually stee
tion of hills and mountains increases, and hilltops become narrower. At the same time, when erosion is happening; somewhere e
is on the process as well. At the same time erosion is happening in one location, deposition occurs somewhere else. Erosion co water, wind, and ice. Moving water is the major cause of erosion.
In this project, after studying erosion in Lake Michigan, I decided to create a place that represents principal causes of erosion.
swing areas represent water erosion and wind, respectively. Quaking Aspen trees could be used in this area, as they easily move
Section A-A’ Swing area
Section B-B’ Wall Art view
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eper, the eleva-
Entrance
else deposition
Hermann Hall Wall art
Entrance
ould happen by Moveable Chair
Moveable Chair
. Bioswale and
e in the wind. Entrance
Entrance
Entrance
Entrance
Moveable Chair
Entrance
Base Plan Design
0 2’ 4’
8’
Moveable Chair
Cafe
Entrance
Galvin Library
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Trees in site
Green Space
Pavement
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Physical Model of South Side of the Designed Area
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Analysis of Singel Park (Leiden, Netherlands) Design Media II, 2018 Landscape Dynamics investigates urban-scaled contemporary Landscape Architectural projects, both built and unbuilt. In this project, I researched individual design practices and analyzed processes, methodologies and techniques of specific design interventions and the ways in which representation is integral in the ability to discern the flexibility, growth and resiliency of design. I chose Singel Park and developed research and analysis based on this site. A 100m section was built in Rhino 3D and includes architecture, furniture, paving, previous and impervious portions. In a series of axonometric views, I developed diagrams that foreground the flora and fauna of my site through seasonal changes. I researched about Singel Park to understand specific locations of each plant and their habitat potentials and what types of wildlife can, should, and does the park attracts, such as pollinators, bees, butterflies, birds, and animals.
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People Activities and Temporal Experiences
Activity Macro Scale Map Temporal movement of people and activities are illustrated on the right. Mapping is based on places where people sit, run, and visit. Four different categories of activities are studied: 1) activities that happen in the water such as boating and fishing, 2) recreational and high energy activities, 3) leisure and relaxation activities, 4) tourism activities. This place is a historic canal in the Netherlands and contains several museums, historic houses, a church, wind-mills, and an observatory. As a result, there are many visitors each year.
Activity Micro Scale Map The isometric maps below show the park in each season. Activities vary based on weather changes. For instance, summer activities may not be feasible in the winter. In the micro-scale diagrams, water-based, recreational, and leisure activities are considered. The type and frequency of activities vary over time. The frequency of each activity in each season is represented by color intensities; dark, medium, and light colors, respectively, represent high, medium, and low frequency activities.
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N
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A Day in Life
TheA diagram represents a section in the Singel Park and shows the earth’s life-cycle and the circulation of the seasons: Day in Life
e digram section in the Singelpark which showspopulation the earth’ssize life-cycle and theoncirculation of the spring, summer, fall, represents and winter.a The biodiversity of animals and their are overlaid the diagram. Theseasons: height
sprin summer, fall, andthe winter. e biodiversity of animals and their population sizeseason are overlayed on theThe diagram. hight of each cur of each curve shows population of each animal species, which varies from to season. activitiese associated showsseason the population of each animal species, which season. and e activities doobserved in diierentare seasons with each is also depicted. Select animals andvaries birds,season their to population, when that theypeople may be also are d picted. Select animals and birds, their population ,and when they may be observed are also illustrated. illustrated.
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ng, rve de-
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Reconstruction of Iranian Gardens of the Qajar Period Master's Thesis, 2014 A large beautiful edifice, Emarat-Masoudieh or Masoudieh Garden is located in the historical center of Tehran and dates back to 1870s, in the Qajar era. The main building is a palace, situated in the middle of a garden. In an area of 4,000 sq. meters, the complex is divided into public and private quarters, surrounding houses, and administrative offices. Due to the change in the function of the palace and surrounding areas, the identity of this historical palace is endangered. I started this project by a field study of the complex, its historical and cultural importance, and changes of texture and function it has undergone over time. To capture the existing state of the palace and document its landscape, I created several hand-drawn sketches of the palace and took panoramic photos of the surrounding streets and buildings. In my historical analysis, I found out that the palace is losing its identity mainly due to the lack of a defined function that is compatible with the origins of the palace and its historical and cultural structure.
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Emarat- Masudieh
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