1.2.3.3 Geology The forest is characterized by the Nyanzian and Kavirondian rock formations which are volcanic of Precambrian age. The main rock formations include laterite, granite, rhyolite and meta–basalt overlaying the basement system. The basalts are partially intruded by diorite dykes to the North of the forest. 1.2.3.4 Soils The soils in Malava are medium brown to reddish brown loamy soil that that is slightly clayey and can moderately support agricultural activities. Closer to the forest the soils are dark brown loamy due to decomposing organic material derived from the forest vegetation. The soils have low PH (high acidity). 1.2.3.4 Hydrology The forest is generally on a higher altitude than the surrounding lands and is nearly dome shaped resulting in the area having a nearly radial drainage pattern. Several streams originate or pass through the forest to pour their water into River Nzoia on its way to Lake Victoria. Tande and Makwabuye streams exit forest to the West and join up to form Nambirima River. Several tributaries of Lusumu River originate just outside of the forest to the South West while Matiti (Lugusi) River exits to the North. 1.2.4 Biodiversity of Malava Forest Malava forest is one of the patches of Kakamega Forest Ecosystem. The Ecosystem whose origin is the Guinea – Congolian rain forest is home to many species that are related to the Central and West African flora and fauna. It has several endemic species of animals and plants that are of importance globally, i.e, threatened, endangered or endemic (Althof 2005). Biodiversity of Malava forest is closely related to that of the larger Kakamega forest both in species richness and composition. However, species abundance is relatively low in Malava as compared to the Kakamega forest. A biodiversity survey was carried out in the forest for the purpose of this PFMP. The transects used for data collection were in the positions indicated in the Figure 1.6.
Page | 9 Malava Participatory Forest Management Plan, 2015-2019