FDA-Approved Health Claims for Phosphatidylserine (PS)
Exact text as required by the Food and Drug Administration
“Phosphatidylserine (PS) may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. Very limited and preliminary scientific research suggests that PS may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. FDA concludes that there is little scientific evidence supporting this claim.”
The very cautious language of these claims, which FDA mandates can only be stated word for word, may be an acknowledgement of the extensive clinical research done on PS.
Phosphatidylserine (PS) Patents
The following is a list of patents related to Phosphatidylserine (PS). A manufacturer of PS who owns these patents holds exclusive rights to the following PS processes and uses. Additionally, nutritional supplements that contain PS ingredients covered by these patents are allowed to make certain claims and list the corresponding patent numbers on their product labels.
Patent Description
Process Patent: Process for the industrial preparation of phosphatidlserine.
Process Patent: Process for the preparation of phosphatidlserine.
Process Patent: Purifying process for phosphatidlserine.
Use Patent: Use of PS and anti-catabolic, cortisol supressing qualities for lean muscle development and optimized conditioning.
Use Patent Application: Use of PS to increase testosterone levels.
US Patent Number
USP 5,700,668 (December 8, 1995)
USP 6,492,146 (April 18, 2000)
USP 6,645,742 (October 18, 2001)
USP 6,673,378 (January 6, 2004)
USP 20090143339 (June 4, 2009)
Patents and pending patents like these reflect manufacturers’ overwhelming confidence in PS as a nutrient with significant and far-reaching influence on human health. For complete information on patents related to PS and patents in general, visit the United States Patent and Trademark Office online at www.uspto.gov.
“My brain fog has slowly cleared.”
Audrey F. Ithaca, New York
“I first started using Phosphatidylserine in the fall of 2005. I went into a [local health food store] to buy my usual supplements plus gingko biloba. I was suffering ‘brain fog’ from being anemic. I was unable to memorize, concentrate or think quickly; this was a serious problem because I was in nursing school and really needed to be at my best.
I noticed a difference right away. I was able to focus earlier in the day, my reading comprehension increased, and I was able to make A’s and B’s in coursework. My brain fog has slowly cleared in the past year, which I credit partly to my use of Phosphatidylserine. I’m almost back to normal.
I take one every morning; I would not go a day without my PS at this point. I do recommend this nutrient to friends and family and clients. I was glad to have this opportunity to let you know how much this nutrient has meant to me.”
“How [Phosphatidylserine] changed my life.”
Albarose D. Leesburg, Florida
“May I introduce myself: I was born in 1921. I had noticed that my cognitive powers were lessening, especially [when working on] my computer, forgetting appointments and where I placed things. [I recently received] a wonderful publication on Phosphatidylserine. I can’t begin to tell you how it changed my life. I am gradually regaining my lost skills on the computer. Also it taught me to never ‘put down anything,’ but to put it away. My memory is so much improved. I still drive my car and am able to keep doctor appointments and take care of all my needs right here in my own home. I have regained my confidence, which is a blessing for anyone living alone. I take three caps [of Phosphatidylserine] per day and will do so as long as they are on the market. It is wonderful when your mind quits playing tricks on you. Thank you for your wonderful help in keeping an old gal on track.”
The information presented in this booklet is based upon research and personal and professional experiences of the authors and consumers. This book is not intended as a substitute for consulting with your physician or other licensed healthcare practitioners. This booklet does not provide medical advice or attempt to diagnose or treat an illness which should be done under the direction of a healthcare professional.
The publisher and authors are not responsible for any adverse effects or consequences resulting from the use of the suggestions, preparations, or procedures discussed in this book. Should the reader have any questions concerning the appropriateness of any procedures or preparation mentioned, the authors and the publisher strongly suggest consulting a professional healthcare advisor.
The testimonials, consumer letter and quotes by third parties were obtained by the publisher as a result of a contest. Some of the consumers whose testimonials appear in this book were awarded prizes. All testimonials, consumer letter and quotes by third parties used in this book are their own experiences and have not been edited or revised except for grammatical reasons, space considerations or to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. In some testimonial consumer letters, specific product name mentions were replaced with those products’ main nutritional ingredients. All consumer letters, quotes and likenesses are reprinted with permission.
Vibrant Life Publishing, Inc. 5726 Cortez Road W. #229 Bradenton, FL 34210 www.vibrantlifepublishing.com
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the copyright owner.
Printed in the USA
By
Parris Kidd, PhD
In today’s stressful world, problems with memory, mood, and personality are epidemic. Abnormal brain function, whether it appears at birth, soon after birth, in middle age, or in later life often has catastrophic consequences for the person afflicted. The good news is that PS, short for phosphatidylserine (pronounced fos-fa-tie-dil-ser-een), is a brain nutrient that really works. Taken as a dietary supplement, PS noticeably improves brain function. PS is also very safe: it has no known adverse side effects. None of us need worry about taking PS over the long term.
Science has identified factors that measurably increase the risks for brain failure. Most of these risk factors can be eliminated or greatly controlled by being aware of them and making the necessary commitment to manage them. This booklet identifies risk factors and empowers us with information to protect and boost our brains.
At the same time that we make lifestyle changes to control our personal risk factors toward reducing further brain failure, we also have PS to spark our mental recovery. By featuring real people who improved on PS, the chapters that follow bring to life just how much this nutrient can help people of any age.
This booklet will help you gain an understanding of how taking PS and making a commitment to better manage your health will greatly improve your chances for maintaining sharpness and awareness with the passing of the years. I hope you will use it to help enrich your life and the lives of your relatives and friends.
Dr. Parris Kidd is the world’s foremost expert on PS as a nutrient. In 1994 he helped bring PS to North America. In 2005 he authored “PS: Nature’s Brain Booster,” a more technical book that nicely complements this booklet.
Dr. Kidd’s website is www.dockidd.com.
“The results were obvious and dramatic.”
“I’m taking this opportunity to tell you how very much Phosphatidylserine has helped me in my everyday living. I am 68 years old and retired from a very mentally and physically active life. I have been taking supplements for 40+ years and credit them for my continued physical health, especially compared to my four siblings, who have all been on prescribed medications for high blood pressure since their early forties. I am still fortunate enough not to require any prescribed medications.
As with us all, I have begun the natural downslide of old age. It seems that every week shows a new, slight decrease in one or more abilities, mentally and physically. With regard to the mental aspects, I had a lessening of immediate memory and ability to spell, which were very irritating to me. I read an ad about PS and decided to try it. The ad said to take two a day for one month, then one a day.
By the end of the third week of the first month on Phosphatidylserine, I was delighted to discover that my spelling, typing, and immediate memory were much improved. For example, before PS, when writing a long account number on a check, I had to look at it several times, being able to retain just two or three numbers in one glance. After about three weeks on Phosphatidylserine, my first awareness that it was working was that I could recall six to eight numbers at a glance!
This obvious improvement led me to evaluate other areas, and I found that, with Phosphatidylserine, I could stay focused longer, more easily finish tasks, recall names better…even remember what I went into the other room for! Card games and crossword puzzles were also much easier to do! Overall, it seems I have reversed my mental abilities by at least 5 years… all because of Phosphatidylserine. I can’t praise it highly enough.
I have recommended it to several friends, which as a rule is something I hesitate to do, but the results of PS on my mental functioning was so obvious and dramatic. I just had to share the results with others who might benefit from it.”
Carolyn S. Shepherdstown, West Virginia
WhAt’S GooD For the BoDY IS GooD For the BrAIN
The mind-body connection may be the most important health insight in the history of mankind. With roots in traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine dating back thousands of years, health-related mindbody philosophies are now making a comeback. Nowhere is this resurgence more exciting than in the one area of health that is most critical to overall quality of life: cognitive function. It is here that the mind-body connection’s simple, transcendent perspective reveals an eternal, profound truth:
What’s good for the body is good for the brain.
The mind-body medicine Renaissance coincides with exciting new
• Self-Esteem
• Enjoyment of Life
The secret behind these peak brain health benefits is incredibly exciting and significant... but surprisingly simple. The latest research suggests the peak brain health solution is a three-step strategy: exercising the body, challenging the mind, and getting the right nutrition.
reACh Your PINNACLe
Imagine you are standing before a mountain. At the mountain’s pinnacle is peak cognitive function: astonishing clarity of vision, crystal-clear mental processing, razor-sharp memory, positive mood, and the capacity to absorb and retain new learning and knowledge. To climb to the top, you need to leverage the following three cutting-edge brain discoveries:
Chapter 1
Discovery 1:
exercise boosts brainpower. Ascending the mountain in itself sharpens cognitive function, because emerging evidence suggests that exercise helps optimize brain function.
• Exercise promotes cardiovascular health and good circulation, which helps deliver nourishing neuronutrients, glucose, and oxygen to the brain. Aerobic exercise also produces neurotrophins, which promote new synapses and make the neural membranes more supple — this is critical for building, rebuilding, and protecting the brain’s neurons.2
Discovery 2:
the brain is a “use it or lose it” organ, and mental workouts support peak cognitive function. As you seek secure footing and handholds and otherwise strategize your best path to the mountain’s peak, you’re sharpening cognitive function — because actively exercising the brain elevates cognitive performance.
• New learning builds new synapses on top of old synapses, which helps reinforce older synapses so they stay active.3 Challenging the brain with puzzles, reading, and other mental workouts appears to stimulate neural development, even as we age — an active brain stays sharp; a passive brain grows dull.
Discovery 3:
Neuronutrients supercharge mental performance and help prevent cognitive decline. Could you ascend to the mountain’s pinnacle without shoes or equipment? Probably not... that’s where neuronutrients come in. Neuronutrients are the climbing shoes, cables, grapples, protective clothing and energizing sustenance that enable you to climb to the highest peak of mental performance. Emerging evidence suggests that neuronutrients help the brain in the following ways:
• Building-block nutrients help the brain form new neurons (neurogenesis).4
• Neurotransmitter nutrients help the brain synthesize the chemicals that enable nerve transmission.5
• Vasodilator nutrients boost blood flow to the brain, bringing abundant oxygen and nutrition.6
• Antioxidant nutrients protect the brain from oxidative stress and degeneration.7
• energizing nutrients supercharge the brain so it can fire on all cylinders.8
Of all the neuronutrients, the most promising may be phosphatidylserine (PS), a phospholipid and primary building block of the brain associated with neurotransmitter production, brain energy, and neurogenesis. PS appears custom-designed to support brain health and shows amazing potential to enhance quality of life and reverse the sands of time on cognitive decline.
In fact, leading experts have concluded after in-depth clinical trials that PS helps to turn back the clock, making the brain functionally 12 years younger 9 — by delivering a range of cognitive, emotional, and memory benefits. PS may offer the following health advantages:
• Elevates cognitive performance and memory retention.
• Helps the body adapt to mental and physical stress.
• Helps to slow cognitive aging and decline.
• Reduces the risk of cognitive decline in the elderly.
• Supports healthy mood.
• Assists in creating a socially productive mindset.
• Enhances cognitive function and quality of life in the elderly population.
“I started using PS 10 years ago. At that time I immediately noticed an improvement in my mental functions, memory, concentration, focus, etc. Because of my good results, I [have recommended] Phosphatidylserine to many of my patients, including my wife and mother.”
Ben C., M.D. Laurel, Mississippi
PS, together with a range of other neuronutrients, may achieve a powerful synergy in supporting peak cognitive function — working alongside physical and mental exercise to promote fresh, flexible neurons that help store new memories, solve more complex problems, recall information faster, maintain a positive mood, and even unearth long-forgotten memories. Neuronutrients are so important to cognitive function that they begin building our brainpower before we’re even born — as we develop in the womb.
BrAIN DeVeLoPMeNt
When a baby is born, its brain already holds around 100 billion neurons,10 which means that over the course of a regular nine-month pregnancy, the fetus is developing new brain cells at a rate of 250,000 per minute. How does the fetal brain develop new cells so rapidly? This impressive phase of human development depends on building blocks for new brain cells, and research overwhelmingly shows that these neuronutrient building blocks are omega-3 fatty acids — especially DHA. A mother’s intake of essential fatty acids is a critical component of fetal brain development, which explains why high concentrations of DHA are found in mothers’ milk.
Chapter 1
• In one DHA study, women at 18 weeks of pregnancy were given cod liver oil (containing 1,183 mg of DHA) or placebo oil until three months after delivery. All infants in the study were breast-fed until at least three months of age. Children whose mothers received the cod liver oil scored significantly higher on intelligence tests at four years of age than those whose mothers took the placebo.11
• A study of 135 babies found that the highest intelligence scores were among those whose mothers had consumed more than two helpings of fish per week; for each additional weekly serving of fish, the babies’ intelligence scores increased by 4 points, or an average of almost 7%. This improvement was attributed to the brain-nourishing Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish.12
Once a baby is born, external stimulation triggers waves of brain development, with statistically significant peaks in brain growth rates at age 7, 11 to 12, and 15 years.13 The good news is these “mental growth spurts” yield staggering results in terms of cognitive function — after all, the human brain truly is a masterpiece of natural creation. The bad news is, by the time we hit our 20s, cognitive decline begins.14 Subsequently, for many, memory and cognitive processing speed begin a slow, gradual deterioration:
Bombarded with mind-numbing environmental elements and starved of critical nutrition, the brain can fall into foggy thinking and impaired memory. Aging makes matters worse, as neurons, neurotransmitters, and blood flow to the brain all decrease over time. As the following chart illustrates, memory can decline by as much as 50% as those in their late 30s age into their 70s:
Normal Memory Recall Declines With Age
Source: Crook,T.H. et. al. (1993): Recalling names after introduction: Changes across the lifespan in two cultures. Developmental Neuropsychology, 9, 103-113.
Dull thinking and faulty memory are no laughing matter. These symptoms are early warning signs of far more serious cognitive impairment conditions.
• Dementia is progressive cognitive decline with symptoms like disorientation, personality change, inattentiveness, and poor reasoning ability.
• Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible mental decline caused by the gradual malfunction, degeneration, and ultimate deactivation of brain cells.
Despite these heartbreaking conditions and their rising risk factors, it’s critical to stay positive and recognize a powerful truth: losing your mental edge is not a normal part of aging, and cognitive decline is not inevitable. In fact, modern research asserts that aerobic exercise, mental challenges, and neuronutrients may help stave off many forms of cognitive decline, transmuting clichés of old-age senility into dynamic present-day brainpower and a bright, productive “golden years” future.
Phosphatidylserine (PS) leads the brigade of brain-boosting neuronutrients that exhibit a truly miraculous capacity to optimize mental performance and help fight off cognitive decline. As a catastrophic brain health epidemic advances, safe, natural PS takes center stage as a potential solution.
A Progressive Problem
“I feel so fortunate to have improved my memory.”
“I first started using Phosphatidylserine approximately four months ago at one softgel per day. After about three months, I noticed a little improvement in my poor memory. Consequently, I renewed my order, and began taking it three times per day. Several weeks later, not only did I notice an improvement, but several friends and members of my family commented that they noticed an improvement in my memory. Now I am placing a larger order so that I will have sufficient Phosphatidylserine. I don’t want to run out of it. At my age of 89 years, I feel so fortunate to have improved my memory in any amount, and I now look forward to even greater improvement.”
Jack K., D.D.S. Norfolk, Virginia
DeMeNtIA—A GroWING GLoBAL CrISIS
A 2005 study published in The Lancet, the world’s leading independent general medical journal, revealed disturbing figures about the progression of dementia on a global scale:
• 24.3 million people suffer from dementia today.
• 4.6 million new cases of dementia occur every year, or one new case every 7 seconds.
• On a global scale, the number of people affected by dementia will double every 20 years — to roughly 81.1 million by 2040.
Did you know?
The significance of this global dementia epidemic cannot be overemphasized. Dementia has been found responsible for 11.2 % of years lived with disability in people aged 60 and older — even more than stroke (9.5 %), musculoskeletal disease (8.9%) and all forms of cancer (2.4%).25
Though old age is the biggest contributor to dementia, other familiar dementia risk factors are elevated in developed countries including atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, high homocysteine levels, smoking, excessive drinking, low education, and high blood pressure — many of which are associated with poor dietary choices, including fatty, sugary,
Take Control of Your Life
“After using [Phosphatidylserine] for about 60 days, I noticed a decided improvement in my memory, recall, and focus. Now that I have been using it for approximately a year, I no longer have the memory lapses I experienced before, and my recall and focus are once again effortless. From observing my fellow tenant senior citizens during their aging process and from experiencing it firsthand myself, there is no doubt in my mind that memory loss is the first symptom of oncoming dementia and the various disabilities that follow. Good health is very important to me. I like being independent. I live alone, prepare all my food, do house-cleaning and laundry, etc.”
“My cholesterol has already dropped . . .” “It is amazing all the claims made for products which were not any help at all, at least to me. One day, I came across an advertisement for Phosphatidylserine and thought ‘Oh no, not another miracle cure!’ By then, I was desperate for something that worked, so I tried it. In short order, I noticed the difference. My thinking was clearer and I could focus better. I didn’t feel like my mind was going off in all directions at once. Occasionally, I stopped using it just to see if it made any difference. It didn’t take long to realize I had better get back on ‘the pill.’ I don’t try that little ‘test’ anymore and continue to use it daily. Short of a new brain, I’ll be using it the rest of my life.”
Put Your BrAIN oN A DIet
Body mass index, or BMI, has become the figure that Americans love to hate. This inexpensive and reasonably accurate method of measuring body fat is practically ubiquitous, with myriad online calculators available to quickly gauge if you are underweight, normal, overweight, or obese. Increasingly, punching height and weight into online BMI calculators returns discouraging scores. According to the American Diabetes Association, approximately 64% of American adults are overweight or obese, due mostly to poor eating habits and lack of exercise.
raymond h. Sandy, oregon
Patricia C. Duncan, oklahoma
BAD BrAIN FooDS VS. GooD BrAIN FooDS
The bad news comes first. When it comes to foods that are bad for the brain, the Standard American Diet, or SAD, rules the day. SAD reflects the average American eating habits: a diet relatively high in saturated fat, trans fat, chemical additives, and refined sugar. Don’t be surprised if the following “bad brain food” list contains some of your favorites.
• Sugar can lead to glucose spikes and crashes, resulting in wildly fluctuating brain energy levels.33 Don’t reach for the artificial sweeteners too quickly, though — some have been linked to behavioral problems in children and may even be toxic to neurons.34
• Fatty meats, cream and whole milk, lard, shortening, and butter contain artery-clogging saturated fats that can impede blood flow to the brain and lead to the poor cardiovascular health that is associated with cognitive decline.35
• Cookies, potato chips, doughnuts, fried chicken, candy bars, muffins, and french fries are notoriously high in hydrogenated fats, or trans fats. These bad fats can interfere with the absorption of the good omega-3 fats, while further hurting cardiovascular health. 36
• Junk foods and processed foods, which could include dozens of preservatives, colorings, and other additives, are believed to interfere with healthy brain function. A study of children with ADHD found that 73% of those placed on a diet that restricted such additives showed an improvement in behavior, cognitive function, and learning abilities.37
• Carbonated beverages can be high in phosphorus, which can interfere with absorption of the neurotransmitter-boosting mineral calcium.38
• Alcohol and caffeine also interfere with absorption of critical neuronutrients like the B vitamins, zinc, potassium, and iron.39, 40
The good news is the following list of good foods can have a remarkable impact on restoring crystal-clear mental function and overall physical health:
• Fish is brain food, especially cold-water varieties like yellowfin tuna, salmon, and mackerel. Studies suggest that the omega-3 fatty acids contained in these fish — such as DHA — may help to support brain health.41
Did you know?
A Fisher Center for Alzheimer’s Research Foundation study published by the Annals of Neurology suggests that a Mediterranean-style diet cut Alzheimer’s risk by 40%.46 The Mediterranean diet shuns meat, sugar, and processed foods in favor of fresh fruits and vegetables, olive oil, nuts, and fish (in moderation). Moderate wine intake is also allowed. How can this style of eating help keep the brain sharp? Delivering plenty of essential fatty acids and antioxidants, the Mediterranean-style diet appears to be perfectly designed to counter oxidative stress, high LDL (bad cholesterol) levels, and inflammation — all of which have been linked to cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease.
Now, here’s the caveat... in our modern world, many important “good brain foods” present challenges.
Conventionally farmed fruits and vegetables are treated with chemicals and pesticides that have been linked to poor cognitive development and performance.48 For peak brain performance, buy organic produce only — it is worth the expense.
Fish, while loaded with essential fatty acids that are outstanding for cognitive function, has been linked to high levels of mercury — which is the second most toxic metal known to man (behind plutonium). Moreover, the global fish supply is in trouble: a report published in the October 2006 issue of Science projected that, if environmental pollution and modern-day fishing practices continue at their current rate, the world’s fish supply will be gone by 2048.
Meanwhile, phosphatidylserine (PS), the neuronutrient that may hold the most promise of all, is primarily found in animal brains. Most are unwilling to incorporate brains into their diet — not even for their amazing brain healthboosting benefits — making dietary PS intake virtually nonexistent.
The solution to these challenges: Get brain-boosting neuronutrients like PS in supplement form. These neuronutrient supplements are often safer, more natural, more cost-effective and better for the environment than their food counterparts.
NATURE’S BRAIN NUTRIENTS
“I needed something stronger than gingko biloba.”
“At the age of 56, I took a sub-contracting job for the state to help build a software program. This job entailed high stress, research, learning and massive use of memory. We worked 10-13 hour days, 5-6 days a week. I experienced, for the first time, my mind just shutting down. I called it going ‘mush brained.’ The first time it happened at 11 p.m.; I had been working since 7:30 a.m. and my mind could not remember what I was working on.
I am a believer in vitamins/supplements, so I went to [my health food store]. I explained what happened, saying I needed something stronger than gingko biloba. They told me about a product called Phosphatidylserine.
I have used it since that day. I was not only able to focus, but was able to retain memory much better despite being tired.”
“I
recommend Phosphatidylserine to all my patients.”
“My name is Irene W. and I am a registered pharmacist, compounding pharmacist, and doctor of natural medicine. I have my own business, Triad Consulting Pharmacist. I consult with patients who have concerns in pain management and bio-identical hormone replacement. I recommend the Phosphatidylserine product to all my patients. I have found that it keeps a check on the cortisol levels so that patients’ memories are improved. I personally take it and find that it helps my short-term memory and maintains my long-term memory. I recommend starting with 100 mg [of PS] daily and increasing every 7 days by 100 mg until you reach 300 mg daily. I tell my patients to take it for at least 30 days for any effects to be realized. I will continue to recommend and take this product.”
BooSt Your BrAIN PoWer
Brain health supplements abound; the best of them feature phosphatidylserine (PS). Numerous well-designed studies support PS’s optimization of cognitive
tricia h. Arroya Grande, California
Irene W. reno, Nevada
Chapter 4
• A 2006 study showed that of nearly 900 subjects tracked over nine years, those with the highest DHA levels had a 47% reduction in dementia and a 39% lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.57
Antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione, coenzyme Q10, lipoic acid, selenium and curcumin may also help prevent cognitive decline by fighting oxidative stress in the brain.58,59,60,61 Because the brain is an energyintensive organ, and a byproduct of this energy is destructive free radicals, antioxidants are especially critical. Antioxidants in the brain decline with age, therefore supplementation is advisable.
B vitamins are a multipurpose team of brain-supporting nutrients. Vitamin B1 is required by the brain to make energy. Vitamins B6 and B12 aid the function of neurotransmitters, which send signals in the brain; B12 has been shown to be especially effective. Vitamin B9’s function in the brain is to protect it from aging and wear. Beta-carotene was shown in one study to help combat cognitive decline, especially in people at risk for cognitive decline disorders.62 The B vitamin choline stimulates production of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is essential for peak brain function.63 A whole host of other neuronutrients round out the field, supporting peak cognitive performance through a variety of critical mechanisms.
• Vinpocetine enhances blood flow to the brain, helps the brain utilize oxygen, and protects the brain from oxidative stress.64,65
• Ginkgo biloba improves blood flow to the brain, protects neurons, and helps brain synapses with neurotransmitter uptake.66
• Acetyl L-carnitine, a naturally occurring neuronutrient found in animal products, is needed to synthesize the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and has been shown to be a neuroprotective agent and brain energizer possessing anti-aging properties.67
• DMAe, a nutrient found in fish, stimulates brain neurons, helps build and repair brain cell membranes, and helps neurons fire properly.68
As great as these neuronutrients are for brain health, memory, and overall cognitive performance, exercise can make them work even better.
Physically Active & Mentally Alert
“Phosphatidylserine
has made all the difference!”
“Memory acuity seems to dwindle at a slow rate, but a few years ago I seemed to be having a more difficult time remembering a lot of little things. It was rather subtle at first, but then seemed to get more progressive and I began writing lists of everything I had to do, calls I had to make, and details of work-related issues. That seemed to be the only way I could get through the day without feeling I had forgotten something. I came upon the suggestion of phosphatidylserine in a health-related article I was reading about a year ago. I began using it on a regular basis.
Patricia
M.
Los Angeles, California
I feel that my memory has generally improved in that I can easily remember my ‘lists’ without ever writing them down. However, I think this little story sums it up rather well. About a year ago, while out shopping, I recognized a woman I had associated with for about six years when our kids were playing sports together. I hadn’t seen her in about eight years and wanted to say hello, but ended up avoiding her completely as I could not, for the life of me, remember her name or any of her kids’ names. I felt very frustrated and spent a great deal of time thinking about this at first but finally just dismissed it from my head as I realized that the names were just not going to come to me.
Now fast-forward to today and a year of using Phosphatidylserine. I had an appointment at a doctor’s office and who should I run into but this same woman. This time I couldn’t avoid her, but it didn’t matter as her name came right to my mind without me giving it a second thought. And with the same ease of recall I was able to inquire about her children, knowing I had the correct names. Needless to say, this is quite satisfying and it is delightful that I can so easily recall information that seemed to have gotten misplaced in my brain somewhere. My organization abilities at work have improved as well, and I am delighted with the ease I am able to remember important details with so little effort. Phosphatidylserine has made all the difference!”
exerCISe For BrAIN BeNeFItS
The March 26, 2007 issue of Newsweek boldly proclaimed on its cover: “EXERCISE AND THE BRAIN… WE KNOW THAT WORKING OUT IS GOOD FOR THE BODY. BUT NOW RESEARCH SAYS IT ALSO MAKES US SMARTER — AND MAY HELP FIGHT BREAST CANCER AND ALZHEIMER’S.” With this Newsweek issue, the notion of exercising for peak cognitive function hit the big time.
But in reality, this truth is eternal; references to the body enhancing the mind date back thousands of years, as if this understanding were programmed into our very DNA. Though modern science is confirming what we as a species have suspected all along, the mechanisms by which exercise boosts brainpower are surprisingly simple.
Aerobic exercise enhances circulation, which is a critical part of peak brain performance. For the brain to fire on all cylinders, it needs glucose, which is burned by oxygen in the brain. Healthy circulation delivers glucose to the brain; aerobic exercise ensures there’s plenty of oxygen available to burn that glucose. Therefore, exercise is a brain energizer — which is essential because the brain is an incredibly energy-intensive organ.
In addition, healthy circulation ensures the delivery of neuronutrients like PS to the brain. If PS — and the whole catalog of brain-boosting neuronutrients — are unable to get to the brain, they can’t do their jobs effectively.
Exercise appears to have even more exciting brain benefits: A study published in April 2007 suggests that — much like omega-3 fatty acids — exercise appears to increase the amount of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the bloodstream.69 BDNF is a protein found in the brain that helps maintain existing brain cells while acting as a “fertilizer” for the growth of new brain cells and synapses. BDNF appears to be a secret ingredient for superior cognitive performance — critical for building, rebuilding, and protecting the brain’s neurons.
With adequate BDNF levels, the brain’s neurons multiply, extend, rearrange, and join together in new ways.70,71 These BDNF-triggered effects occur in the areas of the brain responsible for learning, memory, and general higher thinking. With flexible, supple new neurons, the brain is empowered to learn
more, recall more accurately, and operate faster. With this new discovery, previous studies linking exercise to peak cognitive function and cognitive decline prevention make even more sense.
• A 2004 study found that women who were in the top category of physical activity were found to be at a 20% decreased risk of cognitive decline than those in the category of least physical exercise.72
• A study published in January 2006 in the Annals of Internal Medicine stated findings that regular exercise helps to delay dementia and Alzheimer’s by 30% to 40%.73
• Another study reveals that middle-aged people who regularly exercised two or more times a week were less likely to develop dementia and Alzheimer’s — even if they had a family history of cognitive disease.74
• The Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly study showed that mental exercises can also help fight cognitive decline in older adults.75
All this evidence suggests that physical and mental exercise may work synergistically with the brain-supporting nutrition of phosphatidylserine (PS), helping to make forgetfulness — such as frustrating episodes of poor facename association on names (“drawing a blank”) — a thing of the past. One study evaluated how PS affected the face-name association performance of 15 elderly volunteers with an average age of 71. After 12 weeks of PS supplementation, the volunteers enjoyed a 42.69% increase in name-face association ability over their initial name-face association performance.
Crook, T.H. and West, R.L.
A Happy Ending
“Benefits that I think everyone could find helpful.”
Kathleen S. Cincinnati, ohio
“I started taking Phosphatidylserine about a year ago, recommended by the manager of the vitamin store where I shop. She said that it was helpful for the memory and I knew that I could use that! I noticed an improvement in about 3 days. I became aware that where I used to have to write myself notes in order to remember something, I remember without a note. I noticed it mostly in the “small things” which, in my job as office manager, just about everything fits into that category. Recalling conversations from days before, keeping tasks prioritized many things that I now can recall without having to write myself a note! And I have noticed an increase in my ability to focus on the task at hand. I continue to take this supplement. I recommended it to my 80-year-old mother when I noticed some significant signs of aging in her. She took the product for a month and said she didn’t notice any difference, but I did! I would recommend this product to anyone. It has benefits that I think everyone could find helpful!”
“It really seems to be easier to think.”
“I began using Phosphatidylserine in December 2005 and have continued using it since. About a month after I began using it, I noticed a difference in my mental acuities. I am a retired junior high math teacher and have a working knowledge of that level of math, but not of accounting or high school math. I am the treasurer of our public library, and I noticed a difference, not necessarily in not making math errors, but in locating them after they were made. Before the use of Phosphatidylserine, it took a bit of time to locate an error in balancing the books. But the last few months, if there is an error, I seem to be able to find it much more quickly than ever before. I don’t think there is anything that will keep me from being careless, but the ability to think things through and locate quickly where I was careless is priceless. I also tutored a tenth-grader in math last spring. Much of this material I had never taught in 30+ years in a junior high classroom. However, I found that I was able to figure out how to do the problems and explain them much easier than I had expected to. I credit God and Phosphatidylserine for this ability. It has also become much less frustrating to find solutions to the many continuous projects and repairs that homeowners face. It really
seems to be easier to think, and ideas seem to come more quickly than in the past. I do recommend Phosphatidylserine to friends on a regular basis, and I think it is a fantastic supplement.”
Douglas C. Waterloo, New York
the BottoM LINe oN BrAIN heALth
Three discoveries have unlocked an exciting new future in terms of brain health in children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly: exercise boosts brainpower; mental challenges sharpen the mind; and neuro-nutrients protect the brain from damage, enhance the brain’s neural communication, foster new brain cell growth, and more.
With active execution of these discoveries, those striving for greater quality of life can enjoy the stunning, crystal-clear vista that is the pinnacle of cognitive performance. The bridge that synergizes all of these brain discoveries and carries healthy minds to the highest peak is phosphatidylserine (PS) — the ultimate neuronutrient.
PS stands apart from even the best complementary neuronutrients; nothing else can approach PS’s far-reaching impact on cognitive function. The more we learn about PS, the more it appears to be the missing puzzle piece that unites the latest cognitive performance advancements and helps makes them real and accessible:
• Even with the best intentions to exercise, sometimes it’s hard to actually do it. Many PS users report dramatically increased motivation, suggesting that PS supplementation might foster a mindset that inspires the exercise that is critical to peak cognitive performance and overall well-being. In a large, multi-center study of geriatric patients, PS was shown to significantly enhance many aspects of behavior, including socialization, motivation, and initiative76 — demonstrating PS’s potential to get us up and moving.
• Mental workouts — such as Sudoku puzzles, crossword puzzles, learning new languages, and playing musical instruments — have been shown to protect and optimize cognitive performance77... but it’s easy to get lazy about mental exercise, as well. PS’s wide-ranging positive impact on cognitive function and mood78 may encourage participation in these brain-boosting activities that are so critical to peak mental performance.
It almost appears as if PS were placed on earth by nature as the solution to cognitive problems, whether they be sluggish thinking, lack of focus, or poor memory. But beyond addressing these problems, PS has a transcendent additional effect: Many people report that PS helps them feel good, relax, effectively manage stress, and socialize. According to the first-hand accounts of loyal PS users, this incredible neuronutrient appears to unleash maximum potential for vibrant, exhilarating quality of life and deep, soulful satisfaction with existence.
Does PS sound too good to be true? Consider: PS is the most researched nutrient for brain health, cognitive performance, and memory support. Even more compelling than the myriad well-designed studies that have verified PS’s efficacy are the first-hand accounts of regular people — your neighbors, your friends — who report miraculous improvements in cognitive ability after taking PS. Perhaps most significantly, PS is the only nutrient mentioned by the FDA for brain support. Those who follow health news have likely noticed that the FDA is quick to approve pharmaceutical drugs, but reticent to endorse any nutritional supplements. The FDA’s acknowledgement of PS as a brainsupporting nutrient speaks volumes, hinting that PS may perhaps hold even greater value than we realize.
People with healthy brains are easy to notice. They have successful, prosperous careers, positive mindsets, a fulfilling social life, and a radiant, confident glow about them. Most importantly, those with a healthy, peak performing brain enjoy life and seem to get the maximum satisfaction out of each and every day.
Across all age ranges, healthy cognitive function is the most important contributor to overall quality of life. With a healthy cognitive function regimen including aerobic exercise, mental challenges, and neuronutrients like PS, the brain can reach new performance heights in the present day and remain sharp, intelligent, and happy for decades upon decades to come. Whether you’re in your 20s, 40s, 60s, or beyond, PS is the natural, safe, and effective brain-boosting neuronutrient for the ages.
CheCKLISt For A heALthY BrAIN
To reach your pinnacle of peak cognitive function, optimize your health across three critical lifestyle areas: exercise, Diet, and Supplements.
exercise
Physical exercise: Aerobic exercise is ideal — brain benefits are realized when the heart gets pumping and cardiovascular fitness is attained.
• Aerobic exercise produces growth factors that stimulate creation of new brain cells.
• Aerobic exercise delivers more oxygen to the brain, which can burn it for energy, along with nutrition to protect against free radical damage and provide building blocks for new brain cells.
Some outstanding aerobic exercise activities include the following:
• Walking
• Jogging
• Aerobics Classes
Mental exercise:
• Hiking
• Swimming
• Bicycling
Mental challenges and new learning stimulate neural development, even as we age. The brain is a “use it or lose it” organ.
• Mental exercise establishes new synapses and makes new connections in the brain — in order to learn, your brain must grow.
• Mental exercise also reinforces old connections so they stay active, supporting knowledge retention and sharp memory.
Effective types of mental exercise include the following:
• Reading
• Crossword Puzzles
• Learning a New Language
• Playing a Musical Instrument
Mental/Physical Combo exercises:
• Socializing
• Sudoku and Other Puzzles
• Playing Cards
You can ramp up exercise’s brain boosting power even more by engaging in sports, games, and recreational exercises that incorporate thinking and mental activity.
• Sports like tennis and racquetball proved outstanding aerobic exercise and mental challenges in the form of strategy, anticipation, and focus.
• Dancing that requires memorization of complex footwork is a great brain booster, because it combines cardiovascular exercise, mental exercise, and socialization.
• Yoga, while not cardiovascular in nature, helps strengthen the mindbody connection while reducing stress that is deadly to brain cells.
Diet
The Standard American Diet is loaded with foods that are toxic to the brain, foods that deplete brain-supporting nutrients, and foods that interfere with the
1. Eriksson PS, Perfileva E, Bjork-Eriksson T, Alborn AM, Nordbord C, Peterson DA, Gage FH. Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat Med 4(11):1313–1317, 1998.
2. Ferris LT. The effect of acute exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and cognitive function. Med Sci Sports Exer 39(4):728–734, 2007.
3. Becker S. A computational principle for hippocampal learning and neurogenesis. Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behavior. McMaster University, Ontario, Canada.
4. Trivedi B. The good, the fad, and the unhealthy. New Scientist, September 23, 2006, pp 42–49.
5. McDaniel MA, Maier SF, Einstein GO.”Brain-specific” nutrients: a memory cure? Nutrition 19(11–12):957–975, 2003.
6. Witkam L, Ramzan I. Ginkgo biloba in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: A miracle cure? From Cell to Society, 2004.
7. Huskisson E, Maggini S, Ruf M. The influence of micronutrients on cognitive function and performance. J Int Med Res 35(1):1–19, 2007.
9. Kidd PM. Phosphatidylserine; Membrane Nutrient for Memory. A Clinical and Mechanistic Assessment. May be accessed at : http://www.thorne.com/altmedrev/fulltext/phosserine1-2.html.
10. Nash, J. Madeleine. Fertile minds. Time, February 3, 1997, pp. 48–56.
11. Helland IB, Smith L, Saarem K, Saugstad OD, Drevon CA. Maternal supplementation with very-long-chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation augments children’s IQ at 4 years of age. Pediatrics 111(1):e39–e44, 2003.
12. Oken E,Wright RO, Kleinman KP, Bellinger D, Amarasiriwardena CJ, Hu H, Rich-Edwards JW, Gillman MW. Maternal fish consumption, hair mercury, and infant cognition in a U.S. cohort. Environ Health Persp 113(10), 2005.
13. Epstein HT. Stages in human brain development. Brain Res 395(1):114–119, 1986.
15. Caselli RJ, Reiman EM, Osborne D, Hentz JG, Baxter LC, Hernandez JL, Alexander GG. Longitudinal changes in cognition and behavior in asymptomatic carriers of the APOE e4 allele. Neurology 62:1990–1995, 2004.
16. Gatz M, Reynolds CA, Fratiglioni L, Johansson B, Mortimer JA, Berg S, Fiske A, Pedersen NL. Role of genes and environments for explaining Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63(2):168–174, 2006.
17. Spanier P, Marshall S, Faulkner G. Tackling the obesity pandemic: a call for sedentary behaviour research. Can J Public Health 97(3):255–257, 2006.
18. McEwan J. Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators. N Engl J Med, 1998.
19. Rapp DJ. Our Toxic World. Buffalo, NY: Environmental Medicine Research Foundation, 2004.
20. McMurtray A, Clark DG, Christine D, Mendez MF. Early-onset dementia: frequency and causes compared to late-onset dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 21(2):59–64. Epub 2005.
22. Ferri CP, et al. Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study. Lancet 366(9503):2112–2117, 2005.
23. Hendrie HC, Osuntokun BO, Hall KS, et al. Prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia in two communities: Nigerian Africans and African Americans. Am J Psychiatry 152:1485–1492, 1995.
24. Barendregt JJ, Van Oortmarssen GJ, Vos T, Murray CJ. A generic model for the assessment of disease epidemiology: the computational basis of DisMod II. Popul Health Metr, 1:4, 2003.
25. Dementia UK Report, February 2007. Accessible at: www.alzscot.org/pages/media/dementiauk.htm.
26. Delwaide PJ, Gyselynck-Mambourg AM, Hurlet A, Ylieff M. Double-blind randomized controlled study of phosphatidylserine in senile demented patients. Acta Neurol Scand 73(2):136–140, 1986.
27. Tabaton M, Schenone A, Mancardi GL. Italian multicenter study of dementia: a pathologically verified case of Alzheimer disease. Ital J Neurol Sci 7(1):161–163, 1986.
28. Crook T, Petrie W,Wells C, Massari DC. Effects of phosphatidylserine in Alzheimer’s disease. Psychopharmacol Bull 28(1):61–66, 1992.
29. Tabaton M, Schenone A, Mancardi GL. Cognitive decline in the elderly: a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study on efficacy of phosphatidylserine administration. Aging (Milano) 5(2):123–133, 1993.
30. Cournot M, Marquié JC, Ansiau D, Martinaud C, Fonds H, Ferrières J, Ruidavets JB. Relation between body mass index and cognitive function in healthy middle-aged men and women. Neurology 67:1208–1214, 2006.
31. Whitmer RA, Gunderson EP, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: a 27-year longitudinal population-based study. BMJ 330(7504):1360, 2005.
32. Adams M. High cholesterol, high blood pressure raises risk of Alzheimer’s by 600%. Accessible at: http://www.newstarget.com/001422.html.
33. Young SE, Mainous AG, Carnemolla M. Hyperinsulinemia and cognitive decline in a middle-aged cohort. Diabetes Care 29:2688–2693, 2006.
34. Brenner A. Sugar and children’s behavior correspondence. New Eng J Med 330(26):1902, 1994.
35. Knopman D, Boland LL, Mosley T, Howard G, Liao D, Szklo M, McGovern P, Folsom AR. Cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive decline in middle-aged adults. Neurology 56:42–48, 2001.
36. Booyens J, et al. The role of unnatural dietary trans and cis unsaturated fatty acids in the epidemiology of coronary artery disease. Med Hypotheses 25(3):175–182, 1988.
37. Boris M, Mandel FS. Foods and additives are common causes of the attention deficit hyperactive disorder in children. Ann Allergy 72(5):462–468, 1994.
38. Lorraine Perretta. Brain Food: the Essential Guide to Boosting Brain Power. Octopus Publishing Group Ltd., 2001.
39. Wang S, Sang NK, Sung IK. Epigallocatechin gallate and caffeine differentially inhibit the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and fat in ovariectomized rats. Am Soc Nutrition J Nutr 136:2791–2796, 2006.
40. Lieber, C.S. The influence of alcohol on nutritional status. Nutrition Rev 46(7):241–254, 1988.
41. Saugstad LF. Are neurodegenerative disorder and psychotic manifestations avoidable brain dysfunctions with adequate dietary omega-3? Nutr Health 18(3):203-215, 2006.
42. P.C. Bickford et. al. Diets high in antioxidants can reverse agerelated declines in the cerebellar beta adrenergic receptor functions and motor learning. Paper presented at the 1999 AGE annual meeting, Seattle.
43. L. Buee. Cerebrovascular aging. Therapie 54:155–165, 1999.
44. Anderson JW.Whole grains protect against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Proc Nutr Soc 62(1):135–142, 2003.
45. Stampfer MJ. Cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease: common links. J Intern Med 260(3):211–223, 2006.
46. Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Tang MX, Maveux R, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet and risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Neurol 59(6):912–921, 2006.
47. Corrêa Leite ML, Nicolosi A, Cristina S, Hauser WA, Nappi G. Nutrition and cognitive deficit in the elderly: a population study. Eur J Clin Nutrition 55:1053–1058, 2001.
48. Bosma H, van Boxtel M, Ponds R, Houx P, Jolles J. Pesticide exposure and risk of mild cognitive dysfunction. Lancet 356(9233):912–913.
49. Calderon F, Kim HY. Docosahexaenoic acid promotes neurite growth in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem 90(4):979–988, 2004.
51. Coti Bertrand P, O’Kusky JR, Innis SM. Maternal dietary (n-3) fatty acid deficiency alters neurogenesis in the embryonic rat brain. J Nutr 136(6): 1570-1575, 2006.
52. De Simone R, Ajmone-Cat MA, Tirassa P, Minghetti L. Apoptotic PC12 cells exposing phosphatidylserine promote the production of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective molecules by microglial cells. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 62(2):208–216, 2003.
53. Coti Bertrand P, O’Kusky JR, Innis SM. Maternal dietary (n-3) fatty acid deficiency alters neurogenesis in the embryonic rat brain. J Nutr 136(6): 1570–1575, 2006.
54. Crook TH, et al. Effects of phosphatidylserine in age-associated memory impairment. Neurology 41:644–649, 1991.
55. Monteleone P, et al. Blunting by chronic phosphatidylserine administration of the stress-induced activation of the hypothalamopituitary-adrenal axis in healthy men. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 41:385-388, 1992.
57. Schaefer EJ, Bongard V, Beiser AS, Lamon-Fava S, Robins SJ, Rhoda A, Tucker KL, Kyle DJ,Wilson PWF,Wolf PA. Plasma phosphatidylcholine docosa hexaenoic acid content and risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 63:1545–1550, 2006.
58. Tirosh O, Sen CK, Roy S, Kobayashi MS, Packer L. Neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid and its positively charged amide analogue. Free Radic Biol Med 26(11–12):1418–1426, 1999.
59. Lee JT, Xu J, Lee JM, Ku G, Han X, Yang DI, Chen S, Chung Y. Hsu. Amyloidß peptide induces oligodendrocyte death by activating the neutral sphingomyelinase–ceramide pathway. J Cell Bio 164(1):123–131, 2004.
60. Gray SL, Hanlon JT, Landerman LR, Artz M, Schmader KE, Fillenbaum GG. Is antioxidant use protective of cognitive function in the community-dwelling elderly? Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 1(1):3–10, 2003.
61. Kumar P, Padi SS, Naidu PS, Kumar A. Possible neuroprotective mechanisms of curcumin in attenuating 3-nitropropionic acidinduced neurotoxicity. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol (1):1–-25, 2007.
62. Hu P. Association between serum beta-carotene levels and decline of cognitive function in high-functioning older persons with or without apolipoproten E 4 alleles: MacArthur studies of succesful aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 61(6):616–620, 2006.
63. Buchman AL, Sohel M, Brown M, Jenden DJ, Ahn C, Roch M, Brawley TL. Verbal and visual memory improve after choline supplementation in long-term total parenteral nutrition: a pilot study. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 25(1):30–35, 2001.
64. Subhan Z, Hindmarch I. Psychopharmacological effects of vinpocetine in normal healthy volunteers. Eur J Clinical Pharmacol 28:567–571, 1985.
65. Nagy Z, Vargha P, Kovacs L, Bonoczk P. Meta-analysis of Cavinton. Praxis 7(9):63–68, 1988.
66. Le Bars PL, Katz MM, Berman N, et al. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of an extract of Ginkgo biloba for dementia. JAMA 278: 1327–1332, 1997.
67. Salvioli G, Neri M. L-acetylcarnitine treatment of mental decline in the elderly. Drugs Exp Clin Res 20(4):169–176, 1994.
68. Dimpfel W. Efficacy of dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) containing vitaminmineral drug combination on EEG patterns in the presence of different emotional states. Eur J Med Res 5: 183–191, 2003.
69. Ferris LT. The effect of acute exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and cognitive function. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39(4):728–734, 2007.
70. Hillman C. Stronger, Faster, Smarter. Newsweek, March 2007, pp. 38–36.
71. Miller MC. Exercise is a State of Mind. Newsweek, March 2007, pp. 48–49.
72. Weuve J, et al. Physical activity, including walking, and cognitive function in older women. JAMA 292:1454–1461, 2004.
73. Larson EB, Wang L, Bowen JD, McCormick WC, Teri L. Crane P, Kukull K. Exercise Is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age and older. Ann Intern Med 17:144(2):73–81, 2006.
74. Rovio S, et al. Leisure time physical activity at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet Neurol 4(11):705–11, 2005.
75. Willis SL, et al. Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults: The ACTIVE Study. JAMA 296:2805–2814, 2006.
76. Tabaton M, Schenone A, Mancardi GL. Cognitive decline in the elderly: a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study on efficacy of phosphatidylserine administration. Aging (Milano) 5(2):123–133, 1993,
77. Verghese J, Lipton RB, Katz MJ, Hall CB, Derby CA, Kuslansky G, Ambrose AF, Sliwinski M, Buschke H. Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. N Engl J Med 348(25):2508–2516, 2003.
78. Cenacchi T, Bertoldin T, Farina C, Fiori MG, Crepaldi G. Cognitive decline in the elderly: a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study on efficacy of phosphatidylserine administration. Aging (Milano) 5(2):123–133, 1993.
BeING heALthY CAN reALLY PAY oFF!
If you take Phosphatidylserine, you may already know why this nutrient has emerged as a groundbreaking supplement. One of the most researched nutrients for brain health, cognitive performance, and memory support, PS may hold amazing potential to promote peak quality of life. Many consumers have turned to Phosphatidylserine supplements to help support cognitive function... and experienced remarkable results! Now we want to hear how Phosphatidylserine has helped you. Sharing your story can really pay off! It’s easy: In 300 words or less, just tell us how Phosphatidylserine has changed your life. Maybe you heard about PS through a friend, or from reading a book. Maybe you discovered it while researching ways to promote peak mental clarity. Whatever your Phosphatidylserine success story is, we want to hear it!
SeND uS Your StorY toDAY AND You CouLD WIN $600! Be Sure to INCLuDe A Photo AND PLeASe ANSWer the FoLLoWING queStIoNS IN Your StorY:
• When did you start taking Phosphatidylserine, and why?
• Which of Phosphatidylserine’s potential benefits (promoting mental clarity, helping improve memory, sharpening mental focus, supporting learning ability) are most important to you and why?
• What happened that made you believe Phosphatidylserine was working? (did it help your memory, thinking, focus, etc.?)
• Did you enjoy any unexpected benefits from taking Phosphatidylserine?
• Would you recommend Phosphatidylserine to a friend or family member?
• Any other comments?
To EnTEr: Send your letter about how Phosphatidylserine has helped you and a picture of yourself to: Vibrant Life Publishing “Living Naturally Contest: Phosphatidylserine,” 5726 Cortez Road W. #229, Bradenton, FL 34210 Hurry, entries must be postmarked by october 15, 2011!
CoNteSt ruLeS
1. how to enter: Send your letter, a photograph of yourself or your family, with your name, address and telephone number to Vibrant Life Publishing “Living Naturally Contest: Phosphatidylserine,” 5726 Cortez Road W. #229, Bradenton, FL 34210. All entries must be postmarked by 10/15/2011. The photograph may be submitted as a print only. No purchase is necessary to enter the contest. The contest is void where prohibited by applicable law and is subject to all federal, state and local laws and regulations.
2. Details: All entry materials submitted by an entrant to Vibrant Life Publishing will not be returned to the entrant. Entry into the contest constitutes a representation by the entrant that the information is true and correct. Submission also constitutes entrant’s consent and permission for Vibrant Life Publishing and any of its affiliates to use an entrant’s name, photograph (if submitted) and essay (in whole or part) for promotional and advertising purposes to promote Vibrant Life Publishing and its affiliates and their businesses, nutritional supplements and future contests, in any media and in any manner whatsoever (including, without limitation, print advertisements, catalogs and internet advertisements), without limitation or restriction, and without any compensation or reference to the entrant, the photographer (if any) or anyone else affiliated with the entrant. Upon submission to Vibrant Life Publishing, the entry materials become the property of Vibrant Life Publishing, and submission of an entry shall be deemed a voluntary transfer to Vibrant Life Publishing, of all of the entrant’s right, title and interest (including, without limitation, copyright or any other propriety and common law rights) in an entrant’s entry materials. By entering the contest the entrant unconditionally and irrevocably waives any and all rights to bring any claim, action or proceeding against Vibrant Life Publishing or any of its affiliates. By submitting entry materials to Vibrant Life Publishing for entry into the contest, entrant acknowledges that he/she has read and understood the terms of the contest set forth herein and agrees to be bound by such terms and conditions.
3. Prizes: The following prizes will be awarded by Vibrant Life Publishing upon completion of the contest and the judging of the validly submitted entry materials: One Grand Prize – $600 check; One Second Prize - $300 check; and One Third Prize - $100 check. All prizes are subject to all applicable federal, state and local tax and regulations. Taxes on prizes, if any, are the sole responsibility of the individual winners.
4. Judging: Vibrant Life Publishing will select the winners on or about October 21, 2011. All decisions by Vibrant Life Publishing and the judges are made in their absolute and sole discretion and are final and binding on all matters relating to this contest. Winners will be selected based on the following criteria: Originality and appropriateness to contest theme. Only one prize may be awarded to an entrant or an entrant’s household. Winners will be notified by mail subsequent to completion of the judging procedures.
5. Who Can enter: The contest is open to legal residents of the United States of America (including Puerto Rico) and Canada who are 18 years of age or older. The contest is not open to employees of Vibrant Life Publishing and its affiliates, and the immediate family members of the foregoing individuals. In addition, any agent, advisor or independent contractor (or any employee thereof and such employee’s immediate family members) of Vibrant Life Publishing and its affiliates shall not be eligible to participate in the contest. Only one entry shall be permitted for a person eligible to enter the contest. Any entrant that submits more than one entry may be disqualified (along with all entry materials submitted by such entrant) from participating in the contest.
6. release: By submitting entry materials to Vibrant Life Publishing the entrant unconditionally and irrevocably releases and discharges Vibrant Life Publishing and its affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors and independent contractors from any and all liability, losses, claims, damages, complaints, fees or expenses (including, without limitation, attorney’s fees, fees of other professionals, court costs and all investigative costs and expenses) incurred by entrant resulting, directly or indirectly, from participation in this contest, acceptance or use of any prize, or arising out of Vibrant Life Publishing use of the entrant’s entry materials.
7. Amendments: Termination: Vibrant Life Publishing reserves the right to amend the rules or change the prizes at its discretion at any time, without notice to the entrants. Any changes in prizes or rules will be communicated to the entrants in writing. Vibrant Life Publishing shall have the right to terminate the contest at any time prior to the announcement of the contest’s winners. Notice of termination of the contest shall be sent to the entrants in writing.
What people are saying about Phosphatidylserine
(PS):
“Phosphatidylserine is eliminating those foggy mental moments and returning my competitive edge. It has restored my confidence.”
Paul F. Salt Lake City, UT
“PS has restored our self-respect and dignity, a mighty undertaking of reconstruction for these ancient bodies, with added vigor, vitality, and stamina! Great rejuvenating stuff!”
Mr. & Mrs. Z., 80 and 70, respectively Hockley, TX
“I started using Phosphatidylserine 10 years ago . . . because of my good results, I [have recommended] Phosphatidylserine to many of my patients, including my wife and mother.”
Ben C., M.D. Laurel, MS
“Phosphatidylserine helped my memory and thinking ability stay sharp, witty, and focused.”
Maurice R. Philadelphia, PA
“It is wonderful when your mind quits playing tricks on you. Thank you for your wonderful help in keeping an old gal on track.”
