NSPC

The

Taken by Storm

“ What we have witnessed [was] terrifying. We all have questions in our minds, ‘’How did this happen?’ [...] We were just crying for help, praying

- Resident of Camella lessandra

Water shortages strain floodaffected Nagueños

Residents

of Naga City, still reeling from Tropical Storm Kristine’s devastating floods and landslides, now confront water shortages in some areas, turning daily survival into a crisis affecting health, cleanup efforts, and basic living.

Nagueños reels from TS Kristine, dwells on flood control

Devastating thousands of Nagueños, Severe Tropical Storm ‘Kristine’ left the City of Naga in panic as unforeseen heavy flooding brought the city in disarray for days in October 2024.

Within the span of 24 hours, Naga City alone experienced 2.5 months’ worth of rainfall, running up to a total of 700mm.

HEARTBREAK TO FAMILIES

According to the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), the death count in Bicol stands at 45 as of October 29, 2024.

One of which is Maya, the 8-year-old daughter of Jun Bonggao, a resident within Camella Homes Naga City, who tragically lost her life in the raging flood brought by Kristine.

According to the Metropolitan Naga Water District (MNWD), the impact has damaged critical transmission lines from Kalinisan and Asupre springs, cutting off the water flow in several barangays under the MNWD.

Elmer Polintan, a resident of Barangay San Felipe, mentioned the harsh realities as his family divides their water supply among drinking, cooking, and minimal hygiene.

“We are [also] worried that the little water that we are getting is polluted with flood waste and possibly harboring diseases,” Polintan worried, hoping to receive portable water that MNWD has been distributing.

Moreover, residents also expressed the challenge of cleaning the mud and debris left by floods due to the absence of proper water supply, further delaying their recovery and restoration process.

“First week ng bagyo, matagal at minsan walang tubig ang dumadaloy sa ibang mga gripo kaya nadelay [nang] sobra ang paglinis namin. Kinakailangan namin kumuha ng tubig sa ibang mga bahay [...] para lang makapaglinis,” Pearlie Ubaldo, also from San Felipe, described.

Choppy Dela Cruz, MNWD’s Public Information Officer, assured the public that they are prioritizing water safety by disinfecting all pumping stations and wells immediately after a typhoon, emphasizing that their finished water supply is regularly tested for bacteria in their in-house laboratory to ensure its safety before being distributed to the system.

Although Kalinisan’s supply line is back in operation, Asupre remains out of service, with repair crews working around the clock to restore it as these springs are crucial for drinking and basic hygiene as MNWD noted its risk.

“[...] During the repair of Kalinisan and Asupre transmission lines [...] yung mga replacement pipes sa taas ng bundok at [may] possible landslide na pwedeng mangyari especially katatapos lang noon ng bagyo,” Dela Cruz noted.

However, despite these efforts, community members are demanding for stronger response measures and improved water delivery in critical areas.

“I would like to see that our community should raise this concern on repeat until NAWASA takes action,” Rosa Adorna of Del Rosario asserted.

According to Mayor Nelson Legacion, 30% of the city was submerged in floodwaters and affected 70% of the population of Naga.

Approximately 2.6 million individuals across Bicol have been displaced by Tropical Storm Kristine, suffering 24,500 structural damages.

“Many parts of our beloved city and neighboring towns remain submerged in floodwaters, and we are still facilitating relief, rescue, and rehabilitation efforts,” he stated in an advisory.

Furthermore, Legacion added that the high tide and water inflow from the nearby areas belonging to the Bicol River Basin, such as Albay and Rinconada, contributed heavily to the rise of flood water.

“[...] realizing that I lost both my son and daughter in the middle of the raging flood caused by a collapsed perimeter fence, built to only establish property boundaries of Camella Naga City, I was faced and torn between holding on to that small tree to save my life or try looking for my kids with almost zero chance—hardest decision of my life yet,” Bonggao said in his Facebook post on November 5, 2024, expressing his distress during the storm and highlighting his disappointment towards the construction of the subdivision.

Meanwhile, Crisanta Guriba, a resident within Camella Lessandra, expressed dismay as she recalled the night of the tragedy that shook her family, thinking they were safe until they were not.

“What we have witnessed [was] terrifying. We all have questions in our minds, ‘’How did this happen?’ [...] We were just crying for help, praying,” she recalled.

Nagueños, Bicolanos flay SWMO, claim city’s unpreparedness

Residents in and out of Naga City expressed disappointment and enragement as they described the inconvenience of the prolonged clearing operation of the Naga City Solid Waste Management (SWMO) for the recent disastrous Typhoon Kristine.

“Nagpalaog na sa mga estudyante, kaso, ugwa pa nin mga parte kan Naga na mabataon, ta’s ma-traffic pa ta ugwa pang garbage piles sa gilid kan agihan,” a student from Naga College Foundation stated as she expressed a need for reconsideration from the Naga City Government.

Employees who are traveling from outside of Naga also blamed the SWMO for their inconsistency in terms of garbage collection which they think is the reason why there are still uncleared areas around Naga City.

According to Luis Edcel Oclarit, a collector from Oragon Lending Corporation, it is also necessary for the

offices assigned for the aftertyphoon restoration to prepare themselves with the needed equipment and manpower for a smooth operation so that no road disturbances would be created.

However, he also emphasized that the citydwellers are the second culprit of the delayed action and that we should be cautious and upright in how we throw and segregate waste.

“Tayo rin kasi, we also should segregate, kasi mahihirapan din sila n’yan at tatagal talaga ‘yan [operation], maawa naman ang mga tao,” he stressed.

Immanuel Monte

Bianca Sergio

GraceFaith Calomos

RAFT FOR REFUGE. A child improvises a float after being stranded in the severe flood brought by Tropical Storm ‘Kristine’ at Barangay Triangulo, Naga City, on October 25, 2024. (Reese Monasterio / Contributed Photo from Zalrian Z. Sayat)

“The introduction of additional subjects and the limited class [hours] have led to a heavy workload [...] throughout the week and even on weekends. [...] The Matatag Curriculum has a great concept although it should be revised - NCSHS

Grade 7 Naguenians call for Matatag

In response to the implementation of the Matatag Curriculum, Grade 7 students and teachers of Naga City

amend the curriculum after experiencing overburden in a recent survey.

Five out of 12 grade 7 students expressed dissatisfaction with the newly implemented curriculum, while 6 felt neutrality, and only 1 was satisfied.

According to the respondents, the curriculum has shown promising benefits, however, needs improvement to work efficiently, noting the workload and stress the curriculum has given to the students.

“The introduction of additional subjects and the limited class [hours] have led to a heavy workload [...] throughout the week and even on

weekends. [...] The Matatag Curriculum has a great concept although it should be revised,” Ysabelle Gail, the grade 7 batch representative, asserted.

Numerous students said the same, attesting that they used to strive more in the previous K-12 curriculum, which, in their words, catered to the students taking time to learn a lesson and complying with their tasks.

Meanwhile, despite expressing the difficulty in adjusting to the new Matatag Curriculum, some still optimistically pointed out the advantages of the new curriculum,

including its focus on foundational skills.

“But despite those, there are still pros like its focus [on] real-world applications and development of teamwork and communication skills,” Jade Tranquilino said.

Moreover, several teachers sympathized with the students’ sentiments, that while the curriculum is indeed beneficial, the system’s problem is its implementation.

“The Matatag Curriculum should start at Kinder and Primary level.

urged

Implementing it to Grade 7 is inappropriate because these students didn’t start with the Matatag Curriculum when they were in elementary school,” remarked Cherry Pacheco, grade 7 English teacher.

grade 7 students expressed dissatisfaction with the newly implemented curriculum, while 6 felt neutrality, and only 1 was satisfied

Principals demand improved disaster response; LGU directs general city funds to public schools

As public schools continue to grapple with the aftermath of Typhoon Kristine, the Local Government Unit (LGU) of Naga divulged plans to use general funds for the restoration of storm-stricken schools.

According to Hon. Nelson Legacion, Naga City Mayor, the relief donations given to the City that were originally meant for its general funds will instead be now used to assist in the restoration of public schools after the Severe Tropical Storm Kristine.

Previously, many affected public school principals called for improvements in the Local Government Unit’s (LGU) response, saying that the city should implement more effective measures both for preventing and responding to damages from storms and typhoons.

“Ang number one ninda is manpower, kasi nung nagre-request kami, masabi ‘marayo ngaya Ma’am [nin] mga tao, tapos mayong equipment,’” said Principal Rowena Tabilog of Tinago Central School, referring to the post typhoon cleanup conducted by the LGU.

Tabilog added that with regard to

needing manpower and equipment, the mayor ought to take precautions of it as the city had already experienced it the first time.

Meanwhile, Mabolo Elementary School Principal Marites Olitoquit stated that new and improved buildings that could withstand typhoons should also be built in order to reduce damages in the future.

“Kaipuhan ming maribayan na ining school buildings na ni ta dae na siya kapaki-pakinabang [...] Rulumaon na din siya, talagang kaipuhan mi ning school buildings na talagang pang-bagyo na,” the principal said.

Tinago Central School and Mabolo Elementary School were among those that sustained the most damages from Kristine, suffering from above-head flooding that reportedly took up to seven and nine days to subside, respectively.

Having gone through a defining moment as a student-leader, Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) and Division Federation Supreme Secondary Learner Government (DFSSLG) President Zeah Villamonte laid out her plans following her participation in the Learners’ Convergence 2024 held at Lapu-Lapu City last July 8 to 13. According to Villamonte who described the experience to be “an avenue of discovery”, her plans will include a division-based LearnCon for studentlearners in Naga, a 3-year contingency plan for NCSHS, as well as capacity building and advocacy projects that will focus on environmental awareness and sex education.

na galing sa kabataan’,” she expressed.

In an interview with The Naguenian, Legacion answered that the general funds may help schools restore damaged property, especially learning materials and equipment that were lost to the flood.

“May mga nakabanggit ng pangangailangan ng paaralan. Computer, printer, mga equipment na nabasa, nasira na hindi na pwedeng pakinabangan; books, documents, so kailangan nila ng tulong,” the mayor said.

This is in addition to other forms of government assistance given to the public schools, including the Department of Education’s Quick Response Fund and the local government’s own Special Education Fund.

“Instead na gamitin para sa general fund, sa public schools na,” he added.

NCSHS faces academic setbacks, weighs in on DLP

With numerous missed classes caused by typhoon-driven suspensions, the Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) community voiced their thoughts on the Department of Education’s (DepEd) introduction to the Dynamic Learning Program (DLP).

The DLP, set for pilot implementation in November for heavily affected areas, will include features such as activitybased engagement, student portfolios, parallel learning, a reduced homework policy, and the possibility of Saturday or night classes.

According to Allysa Reforsado, an NCSHS junior high school student, the thought of make-up classes will be of help to recover from the multiple delays and missed opportunities caused by class interruptions.

“Dakulong oras [na] ang naglipas na chance [sana] for class discussions. [...] Magiging advantageous man both for students and teachers para hindi sila magahol lalo sa oras as much as kung may one less day alloted for each week,” Reforsado said, agreeing to the DLP.

Additionally, Reforsado highlighted the upsides of implementing the reduced homework policy if Saturday classes are to happen.

“Since 6 days na ang classes per week, reasonable [naman] na bawasan ang homeworks para dai sobrang dakol [ang] workload both for students and teachers,” she added.

However, with the DLP implementation to be yet announced in NCSHS, students and teachers expressed worry

and dismay about the possible rush to meet different subject requirements.

Jay Anne Francine Sibulo, a STEM senior high school student, shared her sentiments as the second quarter nears to conclude.

“The rush to cover all lessons, activities, quizzes, performance tasks, and exams in a shorter period of time can be so overwhelming. It sometimes feels like we’re just doing things to meet requirements rather than truly understanding the content,” Sibulo pointed out.

Similarly, Marichu Castillo, an Araling Panlipunan teacher, expressed the struggles that are evident both for teachers and students.

“Sa side natin, domino effect siya na both [ang] teacher and even [ang] student [mahihirapan] [...] Harabulan talaga kita sa mga lesson, pero sa akin naman, kung ano lang ang maabot nating lesson, hanggang doon lang din,” Castillo noted.

Moreover, Castillo also shed light that while alternatives such as the DLP and modified Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) are helpful to students, they are not the same as the normal learning process.

“‘Yung learning [...] kasi nagrush sya, dai mo masasabi na 100% si mastery ta mayo sa isip,” she emphasized.

ollowing the damage by Tropical Storm ‘Kristine’, the Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) Student Secondary Learner Government (SSLG) and NCSHS Interact Club extended their help to the victims through the donation drive, Project Alimuom: ”Patak ng Pag-Asa”.

The donation drive successfully reached a number of 186 worth of packed relief goods, ready for distribution to a few schools affected within Naga City.

Out of these 186, Tinago National High School received 36 packs, 50 to Leon Q. Mercado High School, and 100 were allotted to NCSHS students and faculty staff.

Science High School (NCSHS)

the Department of Education (DepEd) to

naguenianewsbit

naguenianewsbit

Emmanuel Hugo

Roland Vasquez

Lara Patrise Nogra

READ TO LEAD. Mary Zyana M. Villaderez, a grade 7 student, reads an English text for her group to complete a task during their class session at Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) on November 13, 2024. (Photo by Jara Cañete)

LEADER’S RESPONSE. City Mayor Nelson S. Legacion talks through the Naga City Government’s preparations prior to, following, and throughout the occurrence Tropical Storm ‘Kristine’, at the Naga City Mayor’s Office on November 22, 2024. (Photo by Xandra Villaflor)

GRATEFUL HEARTS. A child from Barangay Tinago, Naga City, receives relief goods from the Interact Club of Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) through Project Alimuom: Patak ng Pag-asa at Tinago National High School (TNHS) on November 9, 2024, in response to the aftermath of

storm ‘Kristine’. (Photo by Ruzzel Orosco)

PSO on Naga’s Traffic Management: “Dae pa mature an mga vehicle owners”

With students of the Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) stressing over congested roads, the Public Safety Office (PSO) addressed concerns about poor traffic management implementations.

Students believed that the flow of traffic in the city has not only lacked improvement but has also worsened in five years, making it harder to travel, thus becoming a culprit for their tardiness.

“There certainly was a change in the flow of traffic for the past five years. It has increased as time passed by because of several factors,” Czar Bigueja, a grade 12 student said.

Additionally, Atty. Niño Franco, Officer-in-Charge of the Public Safety Office (PSO), agreed that the traffic in the past was more manageable compared to the present.

“Dahil dikit pa man lang kadto ang awto, dikit pa man din ang nagdadayo sa Naga to study [and] to work, medyo manageable siya,” he argued.

Moreover, Aideen Garcia, a Grade 10 student, raised that the traffic implementations of the city government were lacking as the main roads in the city are still jammed.

“The city government is trying to aid the traffic [...] However, from what I have observed, these implementations by the city government are still not enough to aid the traffic in our city,” she expressed.

This was refuted by Atty. Franco, stated that while there have been difficulties during the past few years, it is not mainly a government problem but rather a manner of attitude and self-discipline.

“Bako kaya ‘yan gabos sa government lang na responsibility, kaipuhan igwa rin kita sa personal level,” he said.

Nagueños, Bicolanos flay SWMO, claim city’s unpreparedness

Residents in and out of Naga City expressed disappointment and enragement as they described the inconvenience of the prolonged clearing operation of the Naga City Solid Waste Management (SWMO) for the recent disastrous Typhoon Kristine.

“Nagpalaog na sa mga estudyante, kaso, ugwa pa nin mga parte kan Naga na mabataon, ta’s ma-traffic pa ta ugwa pang garbage piles sa gilid kan agihan,” a student from Naga College Foundation stated as she expressed a need for reconsideration from the Naga City Government.

Employees who are traveling from outside of Naga also blamed the SWMO for their inconsistency in terms of garbage collection which they think is the reason why there are still uncleared areas around Naga City.

According to Luis Edcel Oclarit, a collector from Oragon Lending Corporation, it is also necessary for the offices assigned for the after-typhoon restoration to prepare themselves with the needed

equipment and manpower for a smooth operation so that no road disturbances would be created.

However, he also emphasized that the city-dwellers are the second culprit of the delayed action and that we should be cautious and upright in how we throw and segregate waste.

“Tayo rin kasi, we also should segregate, kasi mahihirapan din sila n’yan at tatagal talaga ‘yan [operation], maawa naman ang mga tao,” he stressed.

Meanwhile, the SWMO is aware of the possible effects of their clearing operation and how Naga City was not ready for a calamity like this.

“Ta kadakol na nganing nagtarabang sato, almost 22 days of clearing operation, dakulon

TAKEN BY STORM

Nagueños reels from TS Kristine, dwells on flood control

Devastating thousands of Nagueños,

Moreover, Atty. Franco conceded that the local government does lack manpower and equipment to mend all the congestion given the rise of developmental areas and population in the city.

“May difficulty, in such a way na kung minsan nagba-bar down ang satuyang mga traffic lights [...] ‘Yung availability ng traffic enforcers ta dae man arog kato ka-enough to man

na nagtabang, nagpadara na ning gamit [...] pero dae pa kinakaya dahil ngani dae man ready ang Naga sa arog katong kamugtakan ning bagyo,” Sherwin Mamansag, SWMO Architect I and Officer-in-Charge, said in an interview.

Mr. Harold Nepumoceno, an Admin Aide from SWMO, claimed

the traffic kang mga major roads,” he mentioned.

“In addition, Atty. Franco added that the general public’s complaints about traffic management are mainly because of their lack of understanding of traffic regulations.

“Pag mayong nagmamando ng traffic, dae disiplinado [...] Ta kung iyo, dae kuta sinda masyadong mainitin an payo,” he emphasized.

“Makakasabi kaming 90% na of the rest of Naga City is fully cleared, kaya lang, medyo talagang yaon pa ang sa upper barangays, may mga delays kaming nangyari, ta dahil ngani finocuse-an mi su centro [...] para su normal na pamumuhay kan mga businessman [...] which is makaka-giriginhawa [...] lalo na satong mga parabakal,” Mamansag

FLOOD CONTROL

Moreover, Guriba, along with other residents, pointed out the inadequate planning of the subdivision, highlighting the lack of flood control in the creek that led to the overflow of floodwater and eventually creating a flash flood.

left the City of Naga in panic as unforeseen heavy flooding brought the city in disarray for days in October 2024.

Within the span of 24 hours, Naga City alone experienced 2.5 months’ worth of rainfall, running up to a total of 700mm.

According to Mayor Nelson Legacion, 30% of the city was submerged in floodwaters and affected 70% of the population of Naga.

Approximately 2.6 million individuals across Bicol have been displaced by Tropical Storm Kristine, suffering 24,500 structural damages.

“Many parts of our beloved city and neighboring towns remain submerged in floodwaters, and we are still facilitating relief, rescue, and rehabilitation efforts,” he stated in an advisory.

Furthermore, Legacion added that the high tide and water inflow from the nearby areas belonging to the Bicol River Basin, such as Albay and Rinconada, contributed heavily to the rise of flood water.

HEARTBREAK TO FAMILIES

According to the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), the death count in Bicol stands at 45 as of October 29, 2024.

One of which is Maya, the 8-yearold daughter of Jun Bonggao, a resident within Camella Homes Naga City, who tragically lost her life in the raging flood brought by Kristine.

“[...] realizing that I lost both my son and daughter in the middle of the raging flood caused by a collapsed perimeter fence, built to only establish property boundaries of Camella Naga City, I was faced and torn between holding on to that small tree to save my life or try looking for my kids with almost zero chance—hardest decision of my life yet,” Bonggao said in his Facebook post on November 5, 2024, expressing his distress

during the storm and highlighting his disappointment towards the construction of the subdivision.

Meanwhile, Crisanta Guriba, a resident within Camella Lessandra, expressed dismay as she recalled the night of the tragedy that shook her family, thinking they were safe until they were not.

“What we have witnessed [was] terrifying. We all have questions in our minds, ‘’How did this happen?’ [...] We were just crying for help, praying,” she recalled.

According to Guriba, all they could save were themselves and their pets, with no regard for their personal belongings the moment they came to their senses.

“They should be alarmed [by] what happened. Many people died. I’d also like to raise that they should oblige their security guards to make rounds during [typhoons],” Guriba added, noting the thoughtlessness of the authorities during the disaster.

According to the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), they are currently investigating the concrete cause of the flash flood, in which they reckoned that something must have been done wrong during the subdivision’s development, particularly with the creek.

“Parang may hindi sila naiconsider sa development ng subdivision na iyon. ‘Yon ang tinutukan namin [...] kaya nagkaroon ng flash flood doon sa lugar na ‘yon kasi may mali [...] pero under study pa,” Engineer Ronelo Dolor, the 3rd District DPWH Planning and Design Section Chief stated, not disclosing unofficial findings.

on how to mitigate the flooding in the Bicol Region, highlighting the maintenance of the Bicol River.

“Kailangan nang i-desilt [...] yung kailaliman. Lalo na ngayon yung principal river ng Bicol Region, which is the Bicol River, kailangan na ang [waterways] i-desilt,” Dolor added.

The study also suggests the construction of 7 retarding basins, designed to temporarily collect stormwater; and the rehabilitation of a constructed dike by the project management office.

“What we have witnessed [was] terrifying. We all have questions in our minds, ‘’How did this happen?’

[...] We were just crying for help, praying

The city government is trying to aid the traffic [...] However, from what I have observed, these implementations by the city government are still not enough to aid the traffic in our city

EDCOM 2 pushes for more science learners; NCSHS JHS

With the Second Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM 2) urging the Department of Education (DepEd) to better support the “best and brightest” students, the Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) junior high school coordinator highlighted another problem surrounding the dilemma.

the Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) junior high school coordinator highlighted another problem surrounding the dilemma.

During EDCOM 2’s visit to Quezon City Science High School (QCSHS) last October 12, 2024, Executive Director Dr. Karol Mark Yee highlighted the need for a national strategy in supporting the development of science learners.

“Even if we need to just add one percent or point-five percent per year, I think we need to act. It’s high time for us to begin that discussion”, Yee exclaimed.

EDCOM 2 noted that with only 1.03% of learners being supported by the science programs of DepEd and the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), the Philippines would need to support an additional 533,502 to 2.43 million students to match other countries’ target learners.

Moreover, the inability to accept qualified students due to limited slots in some schools, such as Naga City Science High School (NCSHS), was also highlighted, leaving the possibility of deserving students with high potential being turned away.

“While we fix the foundations for the rest of our system, the data shows hundreds of thousands of learners with possibly unrealized potential that could be supported better,” said Yee.

However, according to Mrs. Catherine Ramos, NCSHS Junior High School Coordinator, the school receives an average of 600 applicants per year for Grade 7 alone, but can only accommodate 200 to 240 students.

“As much as we want to accept all of them, we cannot do that because of the limited number of classrooms and teachers,” Ramos retorted.

“It’s just a matter between surviving and escaping death [at] that time,” she said.

he

She also emphasized the lack of budget is the main problem for career and education advancement, with insufficient facilities, classrooms, and educators.

“Every year, maraming nag-aapply, maraming nag-a-graduate na education students, pero kaunti lang ang na-hire. Because of lack of budget ng national government,” she pointed out.

Concerning the growing amount of qualified students applying for a slot, Ramos stressed that addressing this issue requires more financial support from both the national government and local sectors.

“Sino magtuturo dyan? Teachers are handling so many loads already— five to six loads,” she closed.

Amira Niña Zapata

Severe Tropical Storm ‘Kristine’

Ivy Loueli Aliniante

TRAFFIC JAM. Vehicles approaching the intersection in front of ALDP Plaza Mall pile up, leading to heavy congestion at Sen. Raul S. Roco Street, Naga City, on November 20, 2024.(Photo by Stephanie Blanquera)

RAFT FOR REFUGE. A child improvises a float after being stranded in the severe flood brought by Tropical Storm ‘Kristine’ at Barangay Triangulo, Naga City, on October 25, 2024. (Reese Monasterio / Contributed Photo from Zalrian

GraceFaith Calomos

Under Legality and Morality

Preceding the passage of Republic Act No. 8436, this act of filing a certificate of candidacy (COC) made a person already a candidate under the old Omnibus Election Code (1985). It immediately brought the person within the regulatory powers and reach of Comelec. His or her actions — like campaigning ahead of the official campaign period — could already be regulated and even punished with imprisonment and disqualification. However, per the commission’s recent admission, “premature campaigning” is no longer an election offense. One landmark Supreme Court ruling (Lanot v. Comelec), penned by former associate justice Antonio Carpio, found its way into the 2007 amendment (Republic Act No. 9369) of the election law, practically nullifying premature campaigning as an electoral offense, putting emphasis that unlawful acts or omissions applicable to a candidate shall effect only upon the start of the campaign period. That crucial amendment was subsequently recognized in 2009 in another high court ruling, Penera v. Comelec (G.R. No. 181613, November 25, 2009), also written by Carpio. These legal circumstances have given way to a loophole, one who is a candidate in the eyes of the public, but otherwise considered in the eyes of the law— an aspirant.

Code, premature campaigning included acts like: (1) forming organizations or groups for the purpose of soliciting votes or launching a campaign for or against a candidate; (2) holding caucuses, meetings, or assemblies for the purpose of soliciting votes or conducting propaganda against a candidate; (3) making speeches or commentaries or holding interviews for or against a candidate for public office; (4) publishing or distributing campaign materials to support or oppose a candidate; (5) directly soliciting pledges or support for or against any candidate. Excluded under these applications, however, are aspirants that are immune from regulation and prosecution for any violation of the election law that covers candidates. Thus, those with significant financial resources or existing political power often dominate the early stages, allowing them to build a strong advantage over less-resourced opponents. With that, is a seemingly frustrating witness of a legal loophole being exploited so blatantly. While the actions in question may technically adhere to the letter of the law, they clearly violate its essence, corroding the justice that our legal system is designed to uphold.

not need to wait for the campaign period to become a candidate. Upon the filing of a COC in a barangay election, one is instantaneously a candidate by operation of law, and candidates are not allowed to do premature campaigning. Due to BSKE being an all-manual election or that no automated election machines were used during the voting and counting, the provisions of our automated election laws, RA 8436 and RA 9369, did not apply. National candidates, however, by their very nature, wield greater influence due to their access to broader platforms. With this, the disparity in the application of the law exhibits inconsistency.

As defined in the Election

On the other hand, during the Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan Elections (BSKE) in October 2023, Comelec correctly decided not to apply the Penera vs. Comelec doctrine. Meaning, one did

Needless to say, politicians will say that in matters political, the final adjudicators of what is acceptable are the voters themselves. However, a consequence of premature campaigning is voter fatigue and desensitization. When political advertisements, slogans, and rhetoric begin months prior to the official campaign period, there is a possibility that the masses become puzzled. This constant exposure threatens trivializing important political discussions, as voters grow tired of hearing repetitive messages. Instead of having meaningful engagements, these campaigns often do so otherwise, where voters either lose interest in the process or make decisions based on superficial impressions rather than informed analysis of policies and platforms.

The Omnibus Election Code’s intended prohibition on premature campaigning is clear and commendable; it is the manner in which that intent is embodied in a reasonable law that is complex. This problem appears on a regular basis on other fronts. We first noticed it in the failure to enact an acceptable law that incorporates the constitutional directive prohibiting political dynasties. Unfortunately, this cannot be mended presently given our current laws. History, however, proves that even when there were lesser written laws to govern the conduct of our national affairs, the unwritten norms of morality and sense of shame cautioned the powerful from abusing their privileges, subconscious understandings provided adequate guidance on how to present themselves in many unregulated areas of social existence. Presently, despite the abundance of written laws, those in positions of power are content with pointing it out to assure themselves and others that what they are doing is legal because it has not been explicitly forbidden by it. I, however, hold the view that if we cannot prevent premature campaigning from persisting through the law, we still have the capability of doing so through the ballot. Yet first and foremost, they must face our punitive deterrent, assuming they have the ability to feel shame and shift their ground.

Illustration by Taciana Marquezs

CELUETHEROS

Roland Vasquez

Realistically Feasible or Humanly Possible

arrying the hopes of ameliorating the long-challenged educational system in the country, the Department of Education (DepEd) has aimed to procure textbooks with a higher quality for the recently formed MATATAG curriculum. Having their focus on quality before price, DepEd wants to consider the standard of the textbooks first without putting into consideration the practicality of this move, as well as the viability of what they want for this adjustment in the educational system in the country. Although the intention of making students more globally competent through education is apparent, as well as the goal of improving the system in the country, the means and resources that we have suggests that this objective is not yet fully attainable as of now, more so with the limited budget and certain circumstances at hand.

In contrast to being a country which claims that education is a top priority and need amongst youth, the government is not able to provide much assistance, attention, and accuracy to this very aspect as well as to the people behind it— the students and the teachers themselves.

education system in the country; controlling Filipinos from their fullest potential.

With the lack of funds for the educational sector in the country, it is important to consider what the students

is to allot more budget to education, but with the consideration of transparency and assurance that this will be used in a positive light.

Furthermore, another underlying concern in this matter is the level of professionalism, accountability, and responsibility of the people and organization behind handling and running the funds of the country for education. It must be ensured that the people of DepEd taking charge of keeping the budget for education are trustworthy and level headed— no dubious reputation. The budget for education is already limited, so having a DepEd official who will gain more from the money of the people will be of no help; it will just drift us away from our goal of making education better and more accessible for more people in the country.

PERCI

Jhaila Pares

Reducing Pressure, Minimizing Strains

Education Secretary Sonny Angara’s recent decision to organize a task force to study the Results-Based Performance Management (RPMS) is a significant step toward tackling the growing issues that public school teachers face. This program, authorized by DepEd Memorandum No. 037..2024, responds to common complaints among educators about the increasing demands of their professions, which frequently hinder their ability to focus on their primary responsibility: teaching. By forming a team to streamline and reassess the RPMS, Angara hopes to reduce administrative costs while also improving the general efficiency of performance evaluations in the educational sector.

The RPMS, which has been in place to measure teacher effectiveness using a number of criteria, has been criticized for its complexity and the increased labor it forces on educators. Many teachers have voiced dissatisfaction with the timeconsuming process involved in creating and submitting performance reviews, which frequently feel disconnected from the realities of classroom teaching. Recognizing these challenges, Angara’s task team will work to streamline the system, making it more practical and possible. This evaluation is not only about improving the performance assessment process, but also intends to reconsider the broader problem of teacher workload, which has long been a source of disagreement among educators and their unions.

The formation of the task force allows DepEd’s decision to extend the deadline for performance evaluations for School Year (SY) 2023-2024, indicating a recognition of the additional challenges that teachers face. Furthermore, the implementation of the RPMS for all school-based professionals has been postponed to allow schools to focus on the immediate and difficult work of preparing for the new academic year. These initiatives demonstrate the Department of Education’s recognition of the current burden on educators and commitment in improving standards. The task force’s work, which is expected to result in a detailed policy recommendation within three months, represents a good opportunity to reduce burnout among educators and improve job fulfillment.

The value of teacher performance management cannot be overemphasized; yet performance evaluation systems must not become challenging. The task force’s goal of streamlining RPMS provides a balanced approach, as it recognizes that performance assessments should improve rather than degrade teaching quality. By reducing the procedure, the task force hopes to offer teachers more

time to interact with students and focus on educational rather than administrative responsibilities. This action also displays a commitment to aligning performance evaluations with the core objectives of education, especially achievement for students, rather than administrative compliance.

In the future, the revision of RPMS and decrease of teacher workload could serve as a model for other industries that need performance management systems. It emphasizes the need of balancing responsibility and support, ensuring that educators are held to high standards while also receiving the resources they require to succeed. Angara’s project has the opportunity to be an effective model for educational changes that promotes both the educator’s well-being and educational quality.

In conclusion, the formation of the task group to examine and streamline the RPMS is a timely and critical step toward tackling the complex difficulties that public school teachers face.

Secretary Sonny Angara is taking key actions to eliminate the administrative responsibilities that have long limited teachers’ capacity to focus on what is most important: teaching. If it is successful, this program could result in a more beneficial and effective education system, benefiting both educators and students.

“It emphasizes the need of balancing responsibility and support, ensuring that educators are held to high standards while also receiving the resources they require to succeed

Along with the limited funds for education in the country are the costly procedures in the procurement of textbooks. With our limited budget, it is impractical for us to take this move now, considering how expensive this process is. Additionally, the manpower and means of private publishers in the country needs to be put into consideration to ensure that the money to be spent and invested for this cause will not go to vain. Investing with major changes for sectors in the country, investing in people who are also enabled

important things to be considered in this discussion are the huge their needs alone, schools differences, with some being equipped with all learning materials from internet connection to mobile devices, and others having limited

facilities and classrooms, as well as poor school environment and ambiance. When we keep on emphasizing on the textbook procurement without considering what a specific school needs and recognizing the differences of each school in diverse standpoints, then our purpose will be vague, our ways will be wasted, and our efforts will be pointless at the very end. For instance, when a school does not have the facilities and learning materials like television, learning modules, and even sufficient classrooms, but the procured textbooks were first given to a school that has the means to expand on their students’ learning growth, we tend to undermine and overlook which school needs the urgent help and assistance from the organization of education in the country.

Simply put, the government, before making a big stride for the system of education in the country and financing money for an essential move, should consider the possible aftermaths of actions that will a have major impact to the society and community of Filipinos; they can’t be just spending money without rethinking about what they’re going to do because they are to use the money of the people, the people of the country that they are serving. Although the micro effort of adjustment for this textbook procurement is evident, the macro effect of educational refinement, attainability and feasibility is unlikely for our country as of now.

If the Department of Education is able to balance the textbook quality, procurement accuracy, and cost-efficiency of this process, then it will be a great move for the Philippines— maybe not now, but in the future. Other than that, we have to allot more time in the adjustment and improvement in other aspects related to education before we take a huge risk for this textbook procurement. With the current situation of things in the country, being headlined by the lack of funds and

LEALDOVE

Yvonne Wilmshurst

the costly expenses for the process of procurement, it is safe to say that now is not the perfect time to prioritize this ambition after all.

Rather than taking things very quickly, and hastily deciding on moves without enough background, knowledge, and experimentation, the government must focus first on the things that are already existing and upon their control— the actual problems that need to be solved today. From the issues of inequalities across the nation, to the improper treatment to teachers, illiteracy amongst students, inadequacy in budgeting, harsh learning modalities and curriculums, and insensitivity towards the mental health of students and teachers, the Philippines still has a long way before the government can actually claim that they care for the students, they care for the teachers, and they care for the educational system in the country. All the flowery words and more from our officials are yet to be translated into actions.

“With the current situation of things in the country, being headlined by the lack of funds and the costly expenses for the process of procurement, it is safe to say that now is not the perfect time to prioritize this ambition after all.

Two Birds With One Stone

he Philippines is known for its high standard when it comes to employing workers that are qualified and reliable to ensure a quality service. In an effort to increase the employability of senior high school students, the Department of Education (DepEd) and the Private Sector Advisory Council (PSAC) Jobs Committee, through the Private Sector Jobs and Skills Corporation (PCORP), signed a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) to pilot an enhanced work immersion program. Although attempts like this have been made, none made up for the gap completely.

The primary objective of this program is to bridge the gap between theoretical attractive to potential employers. It is necessary because it allows the students to acquire firsthand experience of what it means to work in their chosen fields which majority of the employers look for

In an interview, DepEd Secretary gives students the opportunity to gain hands-on working experience while still studying. This provides an opportunity for the students to continue their studies despite their financial problems. After accomplishing the work immersion program, they can seize the opportunity to land a job while still pursuing their education. However, the knowledge equipped by the students can potentially help a business boost itself. Employees are what drive an organization’s development and growth. They contribute to the business brand image and help gain loyal customers. In light of this, experience should not outweigh the knowledge acquired by a student in a classroom setting, instead, they should

Twork hand in hand to maximize their potential.

Yet, in light of DepEd’s series of shortcomings, learners cannot be guaranteed readiness for the fierce battleground of today’s job market. Nevertheless, amid the department’s challenges, they have still managed to cultivate learners who have become invaluable assets to society. Ultimately, it is the learner who nurtures and applies the wisdom acquired within the hallowed halls of the institution.

Moreover, the enhanced work immersion program must mitigate these issues by ensuring that students receive training that is directly relevant to industry needs. By establishing strong partnerships with the local businesses in the industry, students can gain valuable hands-on experience and insights that align with the current market demands. This does not only enhance their educational experience, but also helps them to be skilled and workforce ready.

In essence, this initiative has the power to reshape the country’s approach to workforce development if properly implemented. However, although the

values the workforce necessitates in applicants have been highlighted, the growing mismatch between the rapidly evolving job market still stands strong between the Filipino people and respective employers. What is clear, however, is that a well-coordinated approach to education and employment that addresses both the students’ and market’s needs concurrently, is key to unlocking the full potential of the next generation of workers— hitting two birds with one stone.

“In light of this, experience should not outweigh the knowledge acquired by a student in a classroom setting, instead, they should work hand in hand to maximize their potential.

Yet, in light of DepEd’s series of shortcomings, learners cannot be guaranteed readiness for the fierce battleground of today’s job market.

THE VOLITIENT Wind in the Sails of Educational Progress

Mary Marano

eaching today presents many challenges. The consistent cry-outs clearly capture the daily hardships that teachers experience, both within and outside of the classroom. The basic education curriculum is a witness to how difficult the profession has become and emphasizes the huge demands placed on teachers while providing little assistance. On top of that, the countless revisions embody the frustrations and emotional toll of a career that is often underappreciated.

In an attempt to address the challenges faced by teachers in managing resources, the Department of Education (DepEd) recently introduced a rule aimed at allowing schools to adapt class schedules based on their specific needs and capacities including the type and size of schools, and availability of teachers and classrooms. This rule, known as DepEd Order (DO) No. 12, series of 2024, is a provision that offers three options for adjusting instructional time. The idea behind this is simple: If schools are enabled to tailor their approach, the teachers can put all their energy into ensuring a smoother delivery of education despite constraints in staffing and facilities. However, while this policy appears to be a promising wind that’ll blow the sails of educational progress, it remains a speck of dust among glacierlike obstacles that are in actual need of addressing, such as the pressing issue of insufficient compensation and teacher shortages.

In a statement on September 18, the Teachers Dignity Coalition (TDC) Chairperson Benjo Basas welcomed the DepEd order with open arms and noted that it resulted from the department’s willingness to consult teachers and school principals. However, Basas also asked for an explanation as to why they chose to retain the opposed DepEd Order No. 5, which was criticized for requiring teachers to teach for a minimum of six hours before being eligible for overtime

pay. In the first place, the rationale behind curriculum reform efforts, like the MATATAG Curriculum, is rooted in the desire to improve educational outcomes. But how could these ideals come to life and can the curriculum be considered “flexible” if the duty-bearers who are responsible for providing quality education to all are constantly deprived of the “compensations” they rightfully deserve?

Along with this, the shortage of teachers remains a daunting issue within the educational landscape. Just last September 10, Education Secretary Sonny Angara informed the Senate Finance Committee that DepEd loses “thousands” of teachers each year, with retirement, migration for better prospects abroad, and limited career progression as the primary reasons for their departure. However, groups such as the Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT) have long advocated for a significant increase in the education budget to solve teacher shortages, among other issues. Still, their worries continued to merely languish in the committee handling them; hence, they rarely saw the light of day. Needless to say, this whole situation is a reflection of how constrained recognition for teachers has always been — not enough to even provide them competitive wages. Meanwhile, some may argue that DepEd’s effort to reduce teachers’ burden is worthy of commendation because the policy is well-intentioned. However,

while DepEd is making strides to improve the working conditions and benefits for teachers, organizations like ACT and TDC never fail to remind us that “praises are not enough.” We should continue to demand responsibility and accountability. Cleaning up their mess and being assured that they will do better should not be a reason nor a justification for the general public to be content because, at the very end of the day, the betterment is still only seen on a surface level. To end on a serious note, these problems don’t exist in a vacuum; they link with one another, forming a complicated puzzle that can only be solved by insight and action. That’s why the government must shed light on the path to a better future for education in the Philippines by constantly comprehending the challenges faced by Filipino teachers and exploring viable solutions. By providing specific and comprehensive guidelines on overtime pay and incentivizing teachers to stay in the profession, DepEd can ensure that the wind in the sails of societal progress is blowing in the right direction or other words, teachers are fairly compensated for the additional work and the potential for dissatisfaction is reduced. In doing so, DepEd can promote teacher welfare, enhance the quality of education, and eventually contribute to the development of a more equitable and effective education system in the Philippines.

Illustration by Ashlyn Grencio

IAMETHYST

Rachelle Gaile Maraño

A Ripple Effect

the spread of waterborne illnesses such as typhoid, cholera, diarrhea, and hepatitis A. Furthermore, a statistic by the Department of Health (DOH) reports a significant increase in waterborne diseases, with acute bloody diarrhea cases rising by 101% and typhoid fever cases increasing by 101%. Access to clean water and proper hygiene is crucial for everyone, yet it is severely compromised in this crisis, leaving communities vulnerable and desperate.

As the conflict continues, it is causing significant suffering for residents and worsening their living conditions. One resident described having to wait until late at night to collect water for daily activities since it is only available in their area between 2 and 3 in the morning. Another resident has struggled to pay their bills and has contacted government agencies for assistance, but the action still needs to be taken. Additionally, the booster pumps in the area have yet to be well received by residents since they affect water pressure and contribute to uneven water distribution among households, attributed to the rising population in that area. According to Earth.org, water scarcity also heightens health risks since rising food prices threaten food security. At the same time, poor sanitation contributes to

t was a dark morning, and as I prepared for school, I heard strange dripping sounds from our leaky faucet. I couldn’t take a shower or fill my water bottle. My parents turned on the radio, and I heard devastating news—Naga City was facing a water shortage that would persist until 2025. Despite its progressive nature, the city is dealing with a crisis that has a ripple effect, impacting everything from daily routines to the health and well-being of its residents. The water shortage is primarily caused by El Niño, increased demand for potable water, aging infrastructure, and booster pumps. El Niño, exacerbated by climate change, reduces rainfall and affects vital water sources, leading to droughts and low reservoir levels. During severe El Niño periods, water availability can be limited to just a few hours, necessitating strict rationing as assessed by the Metro Naga Water District (MNWD). The rising demand places additional strain on the water infrastructure, resulting in machine malfunctions at pumping stations. Booster pumps in some homes disrupt equal water distribution, worsening shortages in low-pressure areas. Furthermore, a lack of water conservation knowledge and efforts in the community continues to complicate the crisis.

BEIHOLD

Thea Margaret Fajardo

Work-Life Balance: A Boundary Drawn in Sand

Teaching doesn’t end when the school bell rings: the Department of Education (DepEd) issued a memorandum to rationalize teachers’ workload in public schools and payment of teaching overload, a policy that promises support through overload pay and flexibility with non-teaching tasks, allowing teachers to complete some work off-site perhaps making the schedule more manageable—but much like a rubber band stretched too far, this “flexibility” might snap, pushing teachers’ work-life balance to the breaking point.

Starting their day no later than 6:30 in the morning, over 900,000 public school teachers across the Philippines tackle endless responsibilities and duties that shape the future of our nation. Beyond teaching lessons, they supervise both school-implemented and student-centered club activities, handing in reports to the department heads, checking and grading hundreds of outputs, calculating grades of hundreds of students, sometimes even providing personal guidance to struggling students. As if those weren’t enough, they’re already crafting tomorrow’s lesson plan before today has even ended. Every lesson, event, school programs that students enjoy is the result of hours, days, weeks of unseen work. The amount of responsibilities they carry to produce future-ready skillful students is without a doubt a heavy weight on their shoulders.

But here lies the catch: flexibility sounds great until it blurs the boundary between work and home life. There is still the inevitable possibility that the work-life boundaries of a teacher may be challenged. Where at certain times even over the weekend, there were urgent reports that needed to be submitted. This is comparable to students that are given homework with short deadlines, which affects the quality time that may be spent together with their family. Rather than providing genuine relief, it tempts teachers to keep working after hours, eroding their personal time and pushing them closer to burnout.

In addition, DepEd’s policy also promises VSC or Vacation Service Credits and additional pay for overloads—compensations that would be well-deserved. Yet, for many teachers, this promise remains out of reach, with reports of inconsistent or delayed implementation. Few anonymous public school teachers have provided insights about the new guidelines not yet being implemented in their station accordingly. Stating that there were lots of attachments to be done in order to claim the overload pay. Moreover, upon

hearing how intricate of a process availing above mentioned compensations, teachers tend to not exceed their school-related tasks for more than six hours in school premises.

If this pay system worked as intended, we might not be hearing complaints from teachers living from paycheck to paycheck, struggling to make ends meet, relying on loans just to put food on the table. Instead, they would have the financial stability and a break they deserve, reflecting the true value of the work they contribute to society.

While DepEd’s policy aims to relieve teachers, offering fair compensation for overtime and flexibility with their tasks, true support means respecting worklife boundaries. Rather than offering flexibility that stretches teachers to their limits, the system should ensure non-teaching tasks fit within regular hours, giving teachers the balance they deserve. Furthermore, increasing the hiring of public school teachers could help distribute workloads more fairly, providing a sustainable, long-term solution to teacher overload. Without real solutions, we risk snapping the very foundation of our education system—our overextended teachers— who can only take so much before they break.

Students facing water shortages often stop attending classes for fear that the prevalence of diseases will worsen. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) argues that families may spend more time searching for alternative water sources, which takes away hours spent studying, completing assignments, or resting, ultimately affecting academic performance. Moreover, dehydration due to limited access to drinking water negatively impacts cognitive functions such as focus, memory, and problem-solving skills, making it harder for students to learn and engage in extracurricular activities that would allow socialization. When there is insufficient access to water in school restrooms and wash areas, students find themselves in uncomfortable situations regarding hygiene. Amidst this turmoil, the desire for peace and stability grows, but the harsh realities make it difficult to meet basic needs and maintain dignity.

FResidents in various areas have raised concerns about the challenges they faced during this crisis. In response, the local government of Naga and the MNWD proposed solutions such as increasing water flow from upper barangay sources and extending pumping station operations. These measures could enhance the reliability of the water supply and improve water pressure, benefiting residents’ quality of life. However, these solutions also present drawbacks. Increasing water flow may alter stream dynamics and affect water quality, raising safety and environmental concerns. Additionally, extended pumping station operations could lead to more frequent repairs and increased maintenance costs, indicating a need for more funding. Local communities might also oppose these initiatives due to noise pollution and the potential depletion of water resources. Lastly, compliance with additional regulations could complicate and delay the implementation of these solutions.

Consider a “progressive city”—a dynamic place filled with energy and innovation. However, such growth can strain infrastructure and resources. For example, Naga faces challenges as its population increases, leading to a higher demand for water. Many residents lack awareness of water scarcity and the need for conservation, while economic growth often overshadows the importance of water security. This

issue affects cities globally, with nearly two-thirds of the population projected to face water scarcity in the following year, endangering the community’s health and sanitation. Addressing water shortages requires long-term strategies, such as investing in filtration systems, educating the public on conservation, and improving water treatment and distribution networks. Although these initiatives may seem small, they can create a significant impact, helping ensure the city thrives by protecting its vital resources.

“Despite its progressive nature, the city is dealing with a crisis that has a ripple effect, impacting everything from daily routines to the health and well-being of its residents.

INKED QUILL Trap of Negligence

aulty plumbing, defective roofing, and damp floors are just some of the serious issues that describe the disheartening state of Naga City’s Multi-Purpose Evacuation Center (MPEC). This P50-million facility was designed to serve as a safe refuge for residents displaced by disasters, offering essential shelter and protection when most needed. However, recent revelations have painted a troubling picture: far from being a safe haven, the MPEC itself has become a symbol of neglect and poor construction practices. When these structures are poorly built and maintained, they fail in their core mission, leaving citizens unprotected in their time of greatest need.

In the case of Naga’s MPEC, a report from the Commission on Audit (COA) revealed disturbing issues such as leaky toilets and water seepage from defective plumbing, which led to foul odors and unsafe, damp floors. Citizens deserve infrastructure that holds up under pressure, especially in a country so frequently hit by natural calamities. Public safety should be at the heart of every government infrastructure project, particularly those designed for disaster relief. Evacuation centers, which are funded by public money, should not only meet but exceed safety standards to ensure they function effectively in crises. In contrast, when these buildings are constructed with substandard materials, suffer from defective plumbing, and display structural flaws, they fail in their core mission.

devastating storm. As they enter the evacuation center they thought would provide a safe environment, they are greeted not by the safety and security they were promised, but by unpleasant odors from broken plumbing and damp floors that could pose serious slipping hazards. For someone who has already endured the emotional and physical toll of a disaster, these conditions would only add insult to injury. In a situation where they should be receiving protection, they are instead faced with unsanitary and unsafe living conditions that could potentially worsen their situation. As they try to find a place to sleep, the leaking roof further exacerbates the discomfort, with water dripping onto their bedding. Their frustration would be palpable, knowing that the very facility designed to protect them is failing them in their most vulnerable

materials or neglecting repairs, should face serious consequences. The practice of issuing certificates of completion and project turnover, as happened in Naga, should not be the end of oversight. Local authorities, along with regulatory bodies like the COA, must take an active role in enforcing project warranties and ensuring that contractors fulfill their commitments. Allowing contractors to evade their responsibilities not only jeopardizes public safety but also sets a dangerous precedent for future projects. In this case, the city’s inability to hold the contractor accountable has left the MPEC in a state of disrepair, further complicating the situation for disaster victims who need shelter. The situation in Naga serves as a sobering reminder that infrastructure is not just about concrete and steel; it’s

“ In a situation where they should be receiving protection, they are instead faced with unsanitary and unsafe

conditions that could potentially worsen their situation.

Blues Silvestre

Illustration by Gin Alpano

DEVIATING CONUNDRUM

Ehla Dichoso

Beyond the Learning Nook

In recent months, the country has faced unprecedented challenges, particularly in the form of natural calamities. Amidst these, to avoid learning disruptions, class suspensions are only applied on the face-to-face component, with the students expected to continue their education at home, declared by an official of the Department of Education (DepEd). When calamities strike, families and communities are often compelled to prioritize immediate survival and basic needs— seeking shelter, securing sustenance, and ensuring access to medical aid. In such conditions, the expectation that students should participate in classes, however implemented, becomes problematic.

According to the undersecretary and spokesperson of DepEd, this is to maximize learning continuity amid the country’s learning recovery mode. Ultimately, during calamities, there are disruptions in power supply, internet connectivity, and even the physical displacement of families. In rural or disaster-prone areas, students lack access to the necessary technology or a stable connection to partake in an online learning modality. This creates an additional barrier for those already vulnerable due to the course of the disaster, making it practically unattainable to keep up with coursework while dealing with its immediate aftermath.

Additionally, he stated that what the department is suspending are in-person classes, but learners continue with their education at home using alternative delivery modes. Instead

Vof receiving support to navigate their trauma, students may feel an added sense of obligation in adhering to academics, despite their emotional state. This creates a situation where the emotional and mental well-being of students takes a backseat to academic performance.

On the other hand, the shift to online classes, while seemingly a solution to maintaining education amidst restoration after a calamity, further entrenches educational inequity. Natural disasters disproportionately affect marginalized communities, and this inequality is only intensified by the rise of online education. Consequent to disasters, in many regions, particularly in low-income areas, students do not have a conducive setting and equipment to keep up with their studies. Moreover, in times of disaster, the focus should be on providing

immediate relief and recovery, not enforcing academic deadlines. Communities that are already facing economic hardship are more likely to struggle with the logistical and technological demands of online learning— forcing them to be constrained to makeshift environments, which makes learning even more challenging. Without adequate resources and support, these students face greater conundrum, falling further behind in their education.

The lack of prioritization of students’ physical and emotional needs, coupled with the systemic disparities that disasters worsen, make it clear that a reassessment of shift to learning modalities is necessary. Education during calamities must prioritize safety, equity, and emotional health, ensuring that students are not only academically supported but also cared for in times of crisis. This involves offering learning that allows students to engage with materials when they are able to do so safely— ensuring that students’ needs are met both in and outside the classroom.

Mary Marano

A Safe Pair of Hands

ice President Sara Duterte’s once-strong political standing is facing an avalanche of skepticism. An extensive survey conducted by think tank Stratbase, Inc. reveals a significant drop in her net trust rating, indicating that Filipinos are losing faith in her.

Last June 19, Sara Duterte made a pronouncement as she bared updates related to basic education at the Department of Education (DepEd) office for the final time. In the press briefing, Duterte explained that her resignation from her role as Education secretary was not a sign of weakness but a sign of compassion for teachers and students. However, as “responsible” as it appears to be on a certain level, the decision’s ambiguous nature continues to cast doubts on Duterte’s credibility and performance during her time as head of the education sector. This begs the

STHE VOLITIENT Kuro-Kuro

put in charge. Ultimately, the general public was left with no choice but to accept someone who had no interest in the position, little preparation for the education ministry, or any track record for successfully managing an organization in crisis.

question, is she truly the safe pair of hands she constantly preaches to be?

Upon hearing about Duterte’s supposed reasons, I can’t help but come to terms with many other Filipinos who question her sincerity and commitment to promoting the quality of education this country deserves. Especially when, in retrospect, her appointment itself demonstrates that the current administration does not prioritize the issues plaguing public education. I mean, such an agency requires technical and professional expertise and yet a politician, not an educator, was

As a matter of fact, the Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT) party-list Representative France Castro regarded Duterte’s resignation as “long overdue”, given that during her two years at the helm, nothing was done to address the education crisis. Though, what’s much more troubling is that she left with little evidence of achievements for which she can claim credit as the programs initiated under her leadership have not been implemented yet. Among these forsaken projects was the shift to the “Matatag curriculum” for basic education from kindergarten to Grade 10, which DepEd planned to implement in phases. Some teachers had not yet begun training for the gradual implementation of the new curriculum at that time, according to “Teacher Bon,” a 55-year-old elementary school teacher

evere Tropical Storm Kristine brought catastrophic flooding to parts of the Bicol Region. Naga City, Camarines Sur was among the heavily affected areas as some authorities continue to rescue residents trapped in their houses due to high water levels. According to the local disaster risk reduction and management office, 30% of Naga’s land area was covered by flood waters, affecting 70% of the town’s population.

As educational institutions grapple with the nearing end of the school calendar and its length’s visible insufficiency due to the gradual push back of classes, the student body is yet faced with a circumstance that challenges their capability in attendance.

In this Kuro-Kuro, Naguenians and one of the teachers shared their perspectives on the recent hydrological calamities that have damaged their community and about the sufficiency of disaster response preceding and subsequent the typhoons.

“ Junior High School

Needless to say, typhoon Kristine was really unexpected. So, when the possibility of Pepito’s damages was announced, we overprepared for its forthcoming. I think the government needs a better job at managing things because they lacked in some aspects in addressing the damages brought upon by the calamities. They also weren’t able to ensure the stable state of the community thereafter as it took them a long time to clean or pick up the waste left by the typhoon.

“ Senior High School

The tremendous flooding and heavy rains in Naga is an unforgettable experience. However, compared to others’, theirs, I could say, is worse, especially the depth of the floodwater. As for the response of the local government, we didn’t have to rely much on them since I am in a family that is able to sustain their needs. But based on observation, what the government provided was very sufficient like the relief goods and the assistance.

Teacher

I think everybody will agree with me that the aftermath of TS Kristine was really devastating. Most of us didn’t expect it to be that destructive. I personally underestimated its effects, especially the flood. I can say the disaster response was decent and was what we expect it to be considering all circumstances. Because of the extent of the damage, the response mechanism of the city is very much overwhelmed. It is understandable that the needs of all constituents will be addressed all at once. One of the deficiencies I noticed was that some of the relief responses by some of both existing and aspiring public servants were heavily politicized.

disruption. After all, any adjustment process will undoubtedly require a lot of time and effort, especially with a bureaucracy as large and centralized as DepEd, where there is an undeniable lack of clearance when politicians leave their positions. With that being said, one cannot simply quit and move on, then assume that things will immediately fall back into place and improve with time. Our right to live also comes with our right to not be neglected by the people who are supposed to be representing the people. Neither students nor teachers should keep crawling on their knees, trying to prove themselves to the whole world that they deserve better. Now, as Former Senator Sonny Angara

Letter to the Editor

Dear Editor,

“But how could these ideals come to life and can the curriculum be considered “flexible” if the duty-bearers who are responsible for providing quality education to all are constantly deprived of the “compensations” they rightfully deserve?

Punctuality is crucial, and I appreciate the school’s efforts to uphold that value amongst its students. But the way the issue—the growing number of latecomers—is addressed, I believe may create more problems than it solves.

The main problem regarding this issue is that the penalty—requiring the late students to have a talk with the principal, which lasts for no shorter than half an hour—prevents them from attending their first period class and doing the necessary activities they had missed. To avoid the consequences of being late, some would rather be absent in the morning half of the school day. This response not only compromises the policy’s intent, it also steers the students’ learning to the wrong way.

Discipline should guide the students and not hinder their path. I trust that the school will consider these concerns and adjust the policy accordingly.

Sincerely,

John Laurence S. Benosa

Dear John Laurence S. Benosa,

On behalf of The Naguenian, I would like to extend gratitude for sharing your thoughts on the school’s punctuality policy. We appreciate the time and effort you have put into outlining the concerns about the current penalty system for latecomers, particularly the more than half-hour meeting with the principal that inadvertently disrupts students’ ability to attend their first-period classes and comply with activities. We acknowledge your point that such a penalty may discourage attendance altogether, with some students choosing to skip classes entirely to avoid facing the consequences of being late. Your concern about how this policy may be undermining the very educational goals it seeks to promote is valid and worthy of reviewing the system for the sake of student well-being and academic progress. We have forwarded your letter to the school administration for their consideration. Rest assured, they will carefully assess the impact of the current policy and explore ways to ensure that punctuality is encouraged without hindering students’ learning opportunities. We appreciate your constructive feedback and your dedication to the betterment of the school community.

Sincerely, Editor-in-Chief

Seth Trinidad

Illustration by Pat Andalis

NAGA’S RECENT FESTIVITIES

A Festival of Culture: The Home of Nagueños in One Comforting Bowl

In the city of smiles with a melting pot of various cuisines, there resides a dish long-appreciated by the people of this town—the kinalas. This noodle specialty, amidst criticisms from the world, is still much appreciated and valued by the Nagueños, the locals who have seen and understood it all. They show this love for their very own through their notable special celebration of the Kinalas Festival.

Known locally as “Fiesta Royale de Kinalas,” this meaningful festivity is a commemoration of culture, historical roots, and trademark—all of which resonate within each serving of kinalas be ing shared throughout this week-long event from the 18th of June to the 23rd. On each seized day, visitors get to experience the fun, savor the flavor, and be part of once-in-a-lifetime activ ities they’ll never regret. With the ever-hospitable Nagueños welcoming the tourists visiting Naga yearly to witness this queen of the festival, the world keeps coming back and wanting more of this city, more of this local cuisine. =

In every bowl of kinalas lies a profound reflection of Nagueños: a redefinement of their nature and a testament to their personalities. With the recent Kinalas Festival, Nagueños celebrate their culture, history, and legacy, showcasing their hospitality and pride in their specialty. Regardless of being undervalued globally, Nagueños are dedicated to sharing this dish with the world as it embodies their hands-on and experiential approach to life, just like how the preparation of kinalas, despite being simple, requires skill, mirroring the depth and commitment of the Nagueño spirit.

The noodles, as the central element of this Bicolano dish, showcase the precision, skill, and patience of Nagueños, reflecting their adeptness in various aspects of life. Although the broth may be perceived as bland and simple, it serves a purpose by not overshadowing the dish’s components and symbolizes the Nagueños’ ability to adapt to challenging situations. The sauce, often regarded as heavy and unappealing, is nonetheless essential in completing the dish’s flavor profile. This brown sauce, derived from the brains of a cow or pig, exemplifies the Nagueños’ resourcefulness and creativity, transforming what would typically be discarded into a vital ingredient. Furthermore, it pays homage to Bicol’s cultural practice of “nose-to-tail” cooking, illustrating the deep-rooted traditions of acknowledging and utilizing every part of an animal within their culinary practices.

As it’s sitting in that glorious broth, the meat in pork skulls, often seen as scraps and no longer served in dishes, is used in kinalas. Though normalized and enjoyed, it is unthinkable and mostly unconventional for other cultures, especially those who have the luxury to throw out these parts of meat in the first place. Adapting to a country where there is zero to no room for waste of resources, specifically, Nagueños, celebrates both tradition and reflection of the value of food. This practice creates art from necessity and survival. Also served with a selection of condiments like fish sauce, calamansi, chilies or siling labuyo, and vinegar, it offers an opportunity for freedom of taste and personality. Whether it’s accompanied with turon, chicharon, puto, or the refreshing spark of a cold soft drink, these expand the possible combinations of eating. Every bowl of Kinalas can be unique and unified at the same time, a balanced blend of self-expression and tradition.

This humble dish has provided warmth to Nagueños for years. From a meal to kick off the day for tricycle drivers to a family eating a hearty merienda, kinalas strengthen bonds and Naga’s spirit. With each slurp of the bouncy yet tender noodles, a sip of the hot broth, and the refreshing crunch of the green onions, Nagueños get a glimpse of the hard work poured into this very bowl. A reminder, a message somehow that tradition and culture still exist—and it’s as great as it always has been. Contributing more than what meets the eye, or in this case, the stomach, this dish has proven its ability to encapsulate different important values people in Naga stand for.

With this, the recently set Kinalas Festival was created as a way to honor and celebrate the deep-rooted tradition full of shared memories. Each bowl carries the essence of Naga, a story simmered over generations. Ultimately, through this festival, the city will continue to celebrate a dish that has nourished and unified its people for generations, making it more and more worthy of this annual tribute.

As simple and as common as it may seem, Kinalas, born from necessity and crafted with love, embodies a physical, well-loved symbol of Nagueño’s value of craft. It emphasizes Naga’s spirit of resourcefulness, individuality, and unity, allowing everyone who eats it to experience a piece of Naga’s soul

Why do Nagueños keep coming back to kinalas, seeking comfort, if it is considered one of the “worst” foods by critics? What makes it so special to be continuously loved and worth justifying for? The answer lies in its deeper meaning—the familiarity of taste and knowledge that someone from their hometown created with dedication and care. At the end of the day, even if it gets an unjust or unagreeable rating, the burning desire for kinalas will remain. It has been a part of the city’s history, branching out to every single family. If one feels alone, cold, or just in need of comfort, kinalas won’t be everyone’s cup of tea—but surely for those who hold it so close to their hearts. In a world full of different unique and grand dishes, there is one Nagueño that goes back to, kinalas, their home in a bowl.

The Rigmat Arts and Culture Festival was carried out from a desire to establish masterpieces developed by their artistic talents. Freshly introduced in 2023, City. This event, being held annually, features a broad range of artworks from event that lasts from three days up to a week marked by many activities such merchandise from different local artists in the region. Given this diverse artistry, both locals and visitors to rediscover and appreciate their upholding traditions.

A Bicolano who curates and organizes art in different forms, born in the very same place where the region at a very young age. Over time, through creating and connecting with other people, especially curating works but about sharing ideas and sparking chatter. His involvement as an organizer and an to societal issues.

The first of his exhibits took place during the pandemic, and it was a memorable experience for him, Month. Its term “Puerta” means a woman’s vagina. It focuses on the theme of women’s experiences, idea, moving away from the typical “mother and child” theme for the celebration. They thought of the itself. They aimed to approach directly representing women through art. The exhibit featured works Another notable exhibit of his was the “ForKeeps” exhibit; it features a mix of art and themes around masterpieces. He invited three women to participate in an intimate interview about their personal experiences despite the intimacy, was safe and comfortable, allowing the participants to share and inspire others artist friends. These experiences allowed him to explore new ways of presenting art to further engage Rigmat’s journey to success was not entirely easy. Organizing a festival that focuses on multiple art forms while with their personal work was challenging. “What about our own art? Gusto mi man mag-paint,” Linsoco echoed the developing Rigmat. However, artists and organizers persevered, ignited by their passion for creating a safe and welcoming “Curation is not just about organizing; it’s about storytelling.” Linsoco’s journey as an artist and curator, although Rigmat Festival to life. By working together, they aim to educate the public about the importance of art, break misconceptions, Despite its many challenges, the festival remained a success, with art serving as both a motivator and a foundation. locals, and visitors from within and outside the region, creating a safe space for individuals to connect while appreciating

The Rigmat Arts and Culture Festival is more than just a celebration of creativity—it is a platform for preserving anchor their efforts as they move forward, embracing the rich culture and arts that Bicol has. By bringing his team Through the tireless

The Arts, Media, from a kid’s dream world for young for the youth, realized.

Starting on Balatas Development Gaming Corporation field and establishment

The complex Nobita, and more, of the AMA art statements of

attled with numerous challenges, rewarded organized the Rigmat Festival as an artist civic groups grew into a large event showcasing offered by the localities, Junie and his team pushed than bringing art to the people despite constraints. showed why art matters together with the artists event—it’s a way to educate, connect, and inspire

Yuseff Dana Camato & Jon Roland Vasquez

Photo Contributed by: Xandra Villaflor

stroke

paint, every note sung, and every story told, Rigmat

Illustration by: Taciana Marquez

AMA in Tagboan: Festival of Dreams, Culture and Sensations

hat did you wish for when you were young? Travel the world, explore the vast universe, invent a time machine, or maybe even grow wings and fly. Young minds may always have such vivid imaginations but at times, these young minds also create truth

Media, Artworks group, namely the “AMA” art group started dream into fulfilling another’s. Its main vision is to create a young artists to live their dreams and live in their dreams. AMA is the new generation, and the dreams of a kid that was now on the day of September 15th, 2024 lasting til the 21st, the Development Complex and the nearby Philippine Amusement and Corporation (PAGCOR) building transformed from a vast empty establishment into the dreamland for youth, and for all. complex came alive with vibrant concerts, featuring popular Bicolano and Filipino musicians such as Dwta, Maki, more, but it was at the PAGCOR building where Gabriel Dawanni Ubaldo, a Naguenian artist, and member art group, had one of his biggest aspirations come true. Within the PAGCOR building amongst many other of Bicolano talent, hangs the painter’s “Serendipity.”. The vibrant acrylic painting depicts a striking contrast of reds and blues, in Ubaldo’s signature style.

WILDING ANTICIPATION. Fans line up in excitement waiting for the cast of Chasing in the Wild during the 3rd day of the 2024 Tagboan Music, Arts, and Food Festival at the Balatas Development Complex, September, 17, 2024. (Venice Niosco / Contributed Photo from Naga City Government)

The Naguenian painter also participated in the Canvas Tote Bag On-the-Spot Painting Contest also held at PAGCOR on Sept 17th as one of the events of Tagboan. With the contest being open for all ages, the grade 11 student won 13th place out of the 78 participants. In the contest, the painters depict their unique interpretations of the same theme, enlightening the audience about the commonality and contrast of art. With differing ages and styles, the participants and their talents broadcast a sense of unity in representing true Bicolano art.

It starts with youth but it doesn’t end there. Other NCSHS alumnus also achieved many great things from their given opportunity. Paul Benedict Fransisco and Aloysius Nisolada who was a former member of NCSHS’s Galleria Arts Club both participated in various contests and exhibits and showcased their talents. Dondon Medenilla, founder of AMA, had a vision and saw it through. He shone the spotlight on these talented artists and encouraged them to slowly open their eyes to the brighter path ahead.

Opportunity—what AMA and Tagboan is, is an opportunity and a showcase for creativity. How else will you learn best if not from experience? AMA and Tagboan offer these experiences, to learn, grow, and nurture and maybe even discover a side to yourself a mirror does not show. Gabriel Dawanni shared that with AMA, he discovered painting was something he could excel at, an activity he hated at first but is now the main form of his art.

The Tagboan Festival stands as a vivid testament to the diverse ways in which art and culture can be expressed and celebrated. As the vibrant stalls surround the lively buzz of the crowd singing along to the music, the irresistible aroma of varying flavorful pastries and dishes embodying the spirit of Bicolanos fills the air. It shows us, entices us, and immerses us in the feeling of it all that art is not a concept but a feeling, and in Tagboan, art is seen, heard, and tasted.

Behind Masterpieces: An Artist’s Journey to Resilience

Art is a feeling, a feast to the eyes, a melody to the ears, rhythm to the feet, flavor on the lips, and goosebumps on the skin. Tagboan bared this to the youth and everyone else. A showcase that whatever form your art takes, there is an opportunity that fits and an experience that will be so surreal you’ll feel like living a dream. Open your eyes and keep them wide, this is reality. Featuring the works of the AMA art group and other talented artists. Culture is shown through talented artists of varying ages, styles, and concepts, exemplifying uniqueness. To experience with the senses all it has to offer is the essence of Tagboan, to truly feel the very heartbeat of Bicol.

rewarded with a sense of fulfillment—this is what Junie Linsoco faced as he artist and event organizer. What began as small meetings among artists and showcasing Naga’s arts and culture. Despite the limited resources and support pushed forward, determined to bring the people themselves to art rather constraints. They wanted to create something that brought people together and artists behind them, he shared. For Linsoco, the festival is more than just an inspire others to value art and culture.

establish a vibrant celebration centered on the Bicolano culture and the incredible 2023, it is celebrated in the city known as the queen and the heart of the Bicol region—Naga from traditional to modern creativity done by artists from different generations. It is an such as workshops, forums, and concerts, together with galleries with art, books, and artistry, Rigmat highlights the creativity and culture of the Bicolanos, opening doors to traditions. the festival was founded—Junie Linsoco. He was surrounded by the rich culture and tradition in the Bicol especially artists, he began to embrace his role in the artistic community of the region. For Linsoco, art is not just about an artist in Rigmat Fest and other events taught him the value of teamwork and how art can reflect and respond him, as he was working from a hospital bed. The second was a Puerta exhibit that was showcased for Women’s particularly the female body. His work wife, Patricia Yangco, also an artist and an organizer, bought the the terms avoiding specifically the “women empowerment” while showcasing the women empowerment from the Salingoy Women Artists and showcased artworks that depicted a strong representation of women. female genitalia. He collaborated with Mikha Hilutin, a Pili-based artist known for using soil for her incredible experiences that opened up discussions about personal struggles, survival, and resilience. The conversation, others with their stories. Throughout these projects, Linsoco has the opportunity to curate exhibitions alongside his engage people through their creative collaboration.

CONNECTION THROUGH ARTS. Former Vice President Leni Robredo visits the annual Rigmat Arts and Culture Fest to attend the Modern and Contemporary Arts Festival (MOCAF) in support of the different participating Filipino artists at Bonifacio Global City, Taguig on July 6, 2024. (Iyah Ventura / Contributed Photo from Junie Linsoco)

while still meeting Naga’s high standards poses a difficult task. For artists involved, especially those who also took part in organizing the event, balancing the demands of the festival the sentiments of those who sacrificed their creative pursuits to make the festival a success. A lack of government support and limited resources further added to the struggles in welcoming place for Bicolano arts and culture. although difficult to call himself that, is a testament to the triumph of collaboration and dedication. Despite the hurdles, he and his fellow artists have continued to bring their vision of the misconceptions, and showcase the depth of talent in the Bicol region to other people and artists from around the globe. foundation. All the difficulties, challenges, and hard work were said to have paid off considering the impact it had on the community and the artists involved. It brought together artists, appreciating the Bicolano culture. With workshops, exhibitions, and performances, attendees, even artists, were exposed to and experienced different forms of art. preserving and promoting Naga’s rich cultural identity. “Kung dai mo bistado ang past mo, how will you move forward?”Linsoco said. This shows how significant it is for him and his team to team together, they exhibit and perform the vibrant tradition and artistic heritage to share with others while giving awareness and perseverance to it. celebrating Naga’s rich cultural identity while addressing the challenges faced by the artistic community. It is not merely a showcase of talent, but rather, it is a movement that Culture Fest stands as a testament to the resilience, creativity, and dedication of Bicolano artists. As the festival continues to grow, it is a reminder of the power of art in connecting Rigmat leaves a lasting mark—not just on its participants but also on the cultural landscape of Naga and the Bicol Region.

Ivy Loueli Aliniante & Luningning Nobleza

Maxine Buena & Ysabela Dominique Casiwen

Illustration by: Taciana Marquez

Illustration by: Taciana Marquez

A Voice That Commands, A Voice That Revives

Radio drama, also known as audio drama, audio play, radio play, radio theatre, or audio theatre, is a dramatized, purely acoustic performance that ignites the imagination and conjures vivid worlds without the need for visuals. Often hailed as “cinema for the ears,” it transforms simple sounds into unforgettable stories. In the Philippines, radio dramas reigned supreme after World War II, becoming the heartbeat of entertainment for countless families. As they gathered around radios, these tales brought laughter, tears, and thrills into their lives.

Enter Sir Wilmor Plopinio, a man whose journey into radio drama is as compelling as the stories he tells. The foray of Sir Wilmor Plopinio into the world of radio drama didn’t begin in a soundproof studio or even in the corridors of Pili Capital College with lecture books and materials in his hand. Rather, it started with an ordinary interest as far removed from storytelling as one could imagine: the love of singing. But, for Sir Wilmor, singing is an art of storytelling itself. He believes that radio is another medium aligned with all his interests. Despite being known for his powerful, authoritative voice—a voice meant to command the attention of criminology students—Sir Wilmor never imagined that the same voice could one day lead him into an entirely different arena: the world of radio drama.

The choice he made to pursue criminology and radio drama was deeply influenced by his upbringing, where the sounds and stories of a bygone era filled his life with inspiration. Growing up, his first interest was singing, an art form he considers closely linked to storytelling. “Singing is also storytelling,” he reflects, “and for me, voice acting on radio aligns with it. There’s only a little bit of adjustment when shifting between either field.” This foundation laid the groundwork for his passion for voice acting, which eventually blossomed alongside his criminology career.

In the present moment, he juggles both worlds – the classroom and the radio drama studio – with remarkable synergy. Though seemingly distinct, the fields of criminology instruction and radio voice acting share surprising commonalities. Both demand clear articulation, strong vocal projection, and the ability to captivate an audience. As a criminology instructor, he engages students, simplifying complex ideas and presenting them persuasively – much like a skilled voice actor interpreting a character. Both roles thrive on communication mastery, audience connection, and rigorous preparation.

Sir Wilmor was able to yield something unique and culturally significant for his homeland of Naga City because of this merging of roles, this dualism. His tales were more than simply generic horror stories; they were bonded with the city’s folklore, cultures, and settings to capture the spirit of Naga. By giving life to local myths and legends that had been passed down through generations, he transformed Naga City into a character in and of itself rather than merely using it as a background. His

dramas do more than entertain—they preserve and promote the city’s heritage. These efforts connect audiences to their roots, cultivating a sense of pride and belonging in the unique culture of the region. For Sir Wilmor, storytelling is both a passion and a responsibility as he mentors younger talents and championing the art of radio drama, ensuring that Naga City’s traditions remain vibrant and accessible to future generations.

As both an educator and a storyteller, Sir Wilmor’s legacy is already taking shape. He sees a future where radio drama regains its local cultural prominence through the social media platforms like YouTube. By offering a modern global stage for the timeless craft of storytelling, the voices and traditions of Naga City endures. Through these efforts, what might otherwise be a dying art form is given new life. Sir Wilmor’s legacy extends beyond his achievements, inspiring a new generation to appreciate and engage with education, arts, and culture. By doing so, Sir Wilmor and many other creators are not only preserving an art form but also shaping the cultural identity of his homeland, one story at a time.

Given that Sir Wilmor Plopinio’s voice may address two groups of audiences in two separate ways, his journey is unique. As a teacher, he instructs; as a narrator, he evokes emotion. In both functions, however, his voice is a vehicle for something greater: a desire to make a difference and a devotion to preserving culture. Some of the best stories are still conveyed in the dark, through the warmth of a voice, and in the thoughts of those who dare to listen.

Keeping the Stage Alive

Fueled by the sparks of passion, it burns into a bright flame, stirring up the soul. Stories come alive, echoing the struggles and dreams of those who take the stage. The theater scene in Naga City still continues to shine brightly amidst all the challenges, each performance serving as a testament to keeping the spirit of theater alive—despite various threats to overshadow them.

At the heart of Naga’s theater movement is Sangre de Naga, a steadfast keeper of this flame since its founding in 2015. As a community-based theater group, it serves as a powerful beacon of hope for young artists wishing to express themselves. Through free workshops in schools and accessible rehearsal spaces, Sangre de Naga opens the doors of the art to everyone, regardless of background. Their mission is to sustain theater’s blazing fire, ensuring it remains a space for all voices to be heard.

Artistic Director Bel Borja encapsulates the spirit of the group’s mission, saying, “Many students struggled to attend workshops before because it was either too expensive or didn’t fit their schedule.” Yet, despite these hurdles, Sangre de Naga’s commitment remains unshaken. They continue to collaborate with other local groups like Teatro Nagueño and ALT Learning, widening their reach. These partnerships allow creative expression to grow, spreading diversity and inclusivity throughout the community.

Sangre de Naga’s impact goes beyond the performances on stage; it is also about the people who tirelessly fuel this fire behind the scenes. Artists pour their passion into every performance, not for fame or glory but out of a shared belief in the power of theater to illuminate and transform. Their dedication creates a cultural space where stories are told, issues are highlighted, and the community finds a place to connect.

Sangre de Naga’s struggles are also shared by other theater groups, like Teatro Nagueño, the theater club of Naga City Science High School. Limited audience support and the constant fight for recognition are threatening to snuff out their spark before it even ignites. Mariel Nidea, President of Teatro Nagueño, explains, “The lack of patronage of shows is a problem because we need external support to produce good-quality theater that attracts audiences. “Driven by a fiery passion and unwavering determination, they persevere. Beyond staging plays, they preserve the cultural heartbeat of Naga, pushing the boundaries of what local theater can achieve.

The Artisan

If no one writes about it, what will happen

Dr. Danilo Gerona’s coffee table book, The Illustrious Origins of Naga City, stands as a testament to this truth. However, as remarkable as the glossy pages and

What sets these groups apart is their unwavering commitment to nurturing the next generation of artists. They are not only putting on shows but also paving the way for young people to discover their creative sparks. By offering workshops, mentoring, and inclusive initiatives, they provide the foundation for the future generation of theater to blossom into a vibrant cultural future in Naga City. As we witness the dedication and passion of these theater groups, it becomes clear that their struggle is also our own. Beyond the spectacle we see on stage, by supporting theater, we invest in the community, preserving our cultural identity, and giving a chance for countless stories to be heard. Now, more than ever, supporting these artists is vital to ensure that the flame of Naga’s theater scene continues to burn brightly. Together, we can keep the stage alive, ensuring that its light continues to shine brightly for generations to come.

What life are we supposed to live if not for the ancestors who built our culture and paved the way for the development of society and its present times? It is evident in our traditions that Bicolanos exhibit a strong sense of nationality and heritage preservation, as its history contains rich practices and civilization. Yet, without someone to document these stories, the essence of our heritage risks fading into obscurity. If so, this legacy should not just be preserved in rituals or monuments but immortalized in the written word.

Maria Vivencia Barandon & Jan Cymbeline Balaquiao

Ma. Theresa Malanyaon & Reign

Brianna Rheese Ascano & Sachi Daniel Cordial

Artisan of History

happen to our history?”

meticulous illustrations are, the true artistry lies not within the book’s bindings but within the heart of the historian who brought it to life.

Dr. Gerona, a renowned historian and storyteller, was inspired to write The Illustrious Origins of Naga City not merely to catalog the city’s past but to awaken pride in its people. “We know so little about Naga’s illustrious beginnings,” he shared, lamenting how the city is more often associated with modern political icons like Jesse Robredo than its rich royal heritage. The book narrates a comprehensive history of Naga, from its establishment as one of the first royal cities in Asia in 1586 to its official birth as a chartered city in 1948. But beyond historical milestones, it offers a mosaic of rare maps, photographs, and

illustrations—treasures painstakingly collected to tell a story no one else could.

In the widescale and vast reality, it would take more than a mile or an extra foot to jump back in history within our reach. Dr. Gerona, pulling threads and making bridges through words made our journey much more convenient, even extended to the mass public. Although words carry a depth of artistry in their nature, the act of honing them into an extensive description and well-translated narrative remains unnoticed. In the process of creation, it was not only the manuscript that was considered.

Assembling the materials—some dating back to the 1500s— required years of research, travel to archives in Spain, and substantial funding. “It took millions to produce this book,” he admitted, underscoring the passion and dedication required to bring such a project to fruition. Each page reflects not only the history of Naga but also the painstaking care of an artist crafting something timeless.

As words etched into the ancient roots come to life, he emphasized that history is more than an academic discipline; it’s an art form. “When you present facts, you must have an aesthetic sense,” he explained. He likened history to storytelling, where words are carefully arranged to not only convey knowledge but

Cevoke beauty and emotion. “The art is not just in dressing the words but in making them touch the heart.”

This philosophy is evident in how he connects his work to his audience. Whether addressing ambassadors at the Royal Geographic Society or ordinary Bicolanos, Dr. Gerona believes the first obligation of a historian is to communicate knowledge effectively. His speeches and writings are tailored to resonate, proving that the power of history lies in its ability to move people, not just inform them.

While The Illustrious Origins of Naga City is undeniably a work of art, Dr. Gerona’s narrative extends far beyond its pages, reflecting his discipline, humility, and passion as a historian. Rejecting arrogance, he sees historians as custodians of truth, to preserve stories that shape the identity of one’s nation. His work’s true art lies in bridging past and present, inspiring pride in readers.

This is the nature of every art form, it exceeds the vision of every mankind. Come, let us delve into the book of Naga City’s history and discover more!

Musical Metamorphosis

ould life be a wave? Could intertwined moments be polyphony? What is a great polyphonic melody but a compilation of sounds played at the same time? Like waveforms, life is a cycle. It could be a vast blue sea, where each wave is unique, having different peaking crests and troughs, rippling towards different directions as the wind blows. Each will be in different points of their cycles with varying highs and lows than the others, and times when the waves meet in harmony. Reminiscing the moments when teenage life brought these Naga City Science High school alumni from batch Valentus (2022) together in the band that continues to change and unite them even as they voyage towards adulthood in the shifting sea of life.

or this band, high school was their moment of prolonged polyphony. In 2018, Julius Ceasar (JC) Naag, became a steadfast captain for their crew of five. Joined by John David Brendia, their bassist and lead vocalist, and the other talented members, they created “V of Plums”, in honor of their section name. They underwent its first namechange during Rakrakan 2018 performing as “Bandwagon”. The band, dynamic with its name, has also seen its crew change over the years, constantly adapting to student availability, hence the changes were made in members and roles.

This band of ever-changing names and faces reemerged post-pandemic. From junior high school students, the band returned as Grade 12 students performing for their “Girumdum” Senior’s Night 2022 as “JC and Friends”, welcoming Bernard Eijneb Decena as their rhythm guitarist and vocalist. Their latest appearance is the said NCSHS Alumni Homecoming 2023, consisting of Naag, Brendia, Decena, and Jan Alarcon as “Kessoku”, the name a reference to the anime Bocchi the Rock, during the NCSHS Kamustahan Alumni Homecoming. With the same members also making up what is now “TardyGrades”, a nod to their often-belated arrivals at

practice. The name also references tardigrades, underwater microscopic.animals that are capable of surviving in extreme conditions

As the waves of time crash upon them, not only does the band embrace change, but the present moment, acknowledging their closeness to the threshold into adulthood. Their lives are different waves, in pursuit of their own goals. Their sound may no longer be in phase, but they will forever cherish the times when they were able to create harmony. They will continue to return to each other, to pause their busy lives, allowing themselves to slow down, so that their melodic waves may once again meet in sweet polyphony. Now students in college, with miles between them, Brendia, Decena, and Naag share the same sentiment. From the youthful exuberance of their high school days to the mature aspirations of college life, their music has been the constant compass. As they live beyond the Naga City Science High School experience, some struggles come with no longer having the school unite them. But even as they ripple in different directions, the members continue to grow up, but never apart. Whether it be V of Plums, Bandwagon, JC and Friends, Kessoku, or TardyGrades, despite its constant change, every reinvention breathes life into the very essence of the band time and time again. The vast ocean of adulthood may separate them, but the bond forged through shared melodies transcends geography and time, and as David Brendia said himself, “No matter the band name or the members, our shared passion for music stays the same.”

As they navigate the individual currents of their lives, their music serves as a bridge, connecting them to their past and future, despite the stormy sea of life, its great waves, and every musical metamorphosis.

Painted Smiles

What was with being a child that made laughing come so easy? Perhaps that was art itself—the lack of worry, the fear of imperfection and making mistakes gone. Art is never perfect, sometimes it’s just… fun.

Bright colors, comical antics, and the unmistakable sound of children’s laughter filled the air. A red drawn smile that reached the ears, a white painted face, and big silly shoes longer than his arm. What’s a kid’s birthday without one?

We call them ‘payaso’, a clown in simple terms but nothing’s simple about being one. To awaken the happiness in people’s hearts, you too must have filled your heart with it. Mr. Ricardo Bien testified to this. He has been a clown for 12 years and has gone through the difficulties of the pandemic and the floods of the recent typhoons that struck Naga. Despite these challenges, he keeps going, finding purpose in the laughter he brings. How, in all these struggles, did he push through? The laughter of a child or the subtle smirk of a grown man, maybe these were what made it worth it. Sometimes happiness, which came so rarely now, was enough to encourage you.

“Ang hirap nang hindi mo pinapahalagahan.” This line of work, clownery, deemed to be unserious was something more precious to these people. It’s their way of life, maybe a moderately serious matter.

“Masayahin akong tao. Kung ano yung nasa puso ko, yun din ang nilalabas ko.” Life is never that serious, but happiness is, in the irony of it. It’s serious and it’s true, happiness lies in sincerity. Art, at its core, is about embracing the joy of creation, the journey, away from the worries of perfection. Just like a clown’s playful tricks, or a child’s carefree laughter. Art invites us to let go of our fears, to do, and to simply be—to relish in the experience instead of worrying about the outcome.

Clowns, with their painted smiles, remind us that happiness isn’t just an emotion—it’s art. It’s a way of living, raw, unfiltered, and beautiful.

Reign Darlene Morante

Maxine Irish Buena

Ysabel Casiwen

The Faded Price of Faces

Ma. Theresa Malanyaon

“Money talks,” they say, but in the Philippines, it is also a language of memory. Or is it still? For decades, the country’s banknotes were not just forms of currency; they were works of art, conversation starters, and an educational medium.

As kids, we often found ourselves on a journey down memory lane simply by seeing a folded twenty-peso bill, drenched in sweat, clutched in our grandmother’s hands. The curiosity it sparked about the faces printed on the notes and the stories behind them was inevitable.

“Who is this?” we would ask, as the historical figures on our currency became the key to unlocking the past. These moments were more than simple exchanges; they were opportunities to connect with the nation’s history, culture, and the stories that shaped it. It was not just about money—it was about learning and remembering.

However, in 2022, under the Marcos administration, this currency of memory was altered.

The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) introduced a redesigned polymer ₱1,000 bill, replacing the faces of these national heroes with the Philippine eagle. While the eagle represents the nation’s biodiversity and is a symbol of pride, the redesign ignited a sense of loss. The bill, once a canvas for

the stories of human struggle, was now a silent tribute to nature’s grandeur.

Jose Maria Bonifacio Escoda, the nephew of Josefa Llanes Escoda, expressed the pain this change caused, saying, “It’s like killing these three people again, and it’s more painful than what the Japanese did because the ones that are redesigning the banknotes are Filipinos.” His words resonate deeply, pointing to the symbolic erasure of history. To some, these banknotes were more than just currency—they were the constant presence of our national memory, reminding us daily of the heroes who fought for our freedom. Removing their faces felt like severing the connection between Filipinos and the past as if the stories they told were fading away, replaced by a new narrative.

The Philippine eagle, while undeniably majestic, does not carry the same weight of history as the portraits of the freedom fighters. When the currency that circulates in our pockets no longer carries the faces of those who shaped

the nation, something vital is lost. As the new polymer banknotes continue to be released nationwide in the early months of 2025, not being limited to ₱1,000 bill—the art of memory, once imprinted on our bills for generations, fades with each redesign.

This transformation reflects a broader tendency to reshape or erase history, particularly through the symbols and narratives that define national identity. Politicians, throughout history, have often attempted to rewrite the past, removing figures or events that no longer fit the narrative they wish to project. The redesigned bill, with its focus on nature rather than human sacrifice, may be seen as part of this larger effort to shift attention away from the struggles that built the nation.

In navigating this change, the country faces a delicate balance between honoring nature’s beauty and acknowledging the sacrifices that paved the way for freedom. The new bill may embody a future vision, but with each change, the stories of the past slip further

Dressed in Tradition, Worn for Politics

What we wear often reflects who we are, but does it always speak to the values we claim to uphold? For Filipinos, the barong tagalog and the filipiniana are symbols of culture and pride. Woven from piña or jusi, these garments carry centuries of tradition, representing the intricate artistry of Filipino artisans. The barong tagalog, with its delicate stitching, and the filipiniana, with its graceful butterfly sleeves, embody Filipino heritage, worn during national celebrations and formal gatherings.

However, when politicians wear these garments, the symbolism becomes more complex. At national events and ceremonial occasions, they don their barongs and filipinianas, presenting a visual spectacle for the public. The cameras flash, the speeches echo with words like “bayanihan” and “pagkakakilanlan,” and cultural performances follow, seemingly celebrating Filipino heritage. On the surface, these events appear as true tributes to the nation’s culture.

But the question arises: Do these leaders truly embody the values these garments represent? The barong and filipiniana stand as symbols of commitment to preserving Filipino culture. Yet, when worn in political contexts, they sometimes become mere symbols for show. While the garments are worn with pride, the real issues of cultural preservation are often overlooked. The artisans who create these intricate fabrics remain underappreciated and underfunded.

The artisans who weave the piña and jusi fabrics are the heart of this cultural tradition. Many of these skilled weavers come from indigenous communities in the Philippines, where the craft has been passed down through generations. A single barong or filipiniana can take several weeks to complete, with each thread woven by hand, ensuring the highest quality and attention to detail. Despite their immense contribution to preserving Filipino culture, these weavers are often underappreciated and underpaid, struggling to make a living from their craft. As their livelihoods become more precarious, the survival of this traditional art form becomes increasingly uncertain.

The barong and filipiniana are more than just garments; they are tangible

links to the Philippines’ cultural heritage, representing the artistry and labor of generations of weavers. Yet, as these garments are showcased in political settings, the deeper significance often gets overshadowed. While the clothing may be worn with pride, the underlying stories of the communities who produce them seem to be forgotten.

The importance of supporting and preserving traditions like these are often lost in the spectacle of politics, where the true value of the craftsmanship is overshadowed by the fleeting nature of ceremonial displays.

from our collective memory. What happens to the stories of the past when they no longer circulate in our hands?

It’s like killing these three people again, and it’s more painful than what the Japanese did because the ones that are redesigning the banknotes are Filipinos.

Do politicians truly understand the weight of the garments they wear? These garments carry with them the stories of artisans, communities, and centuries of culture. If the leaders who wear them fail to champion the very values they represent, then what are these symbols really worth? Perhaps it’s time we ask not just what we wear, but why we wear it, and whether the pride we show is reflected in the actions we take to preserve what these garments truly stand for.

Crowning Next Voter

To the young adults of the Philippines, Mabuhay!

Are you 18 years of age? Do you have a pleasing personality and a desire for an exciting, new life? And most importantly, do you believe that you have the confidence and the heart to choose what’s best?

If so, this opportunity may be for you! Sharpen your minds and polish your tiaras so you can be crowned to be the next registered voter of the Philippines!

Follow these steps to avoid slipping on stage:

STEP 1: Pass the voter’s vibe check

- Be 18 years of age - A filipino Citizen

- Has lived in the Philippines for at least 1 year

STEP 2: Prepare your makeup kit

- Work on your model face in your valid ID

- Provide a proof of residence

STEP 3: Register for the title

- Go to a designated registration site

- Fill up the form

STEP 4: Submit your entry and strike a pose!

- Present your filled-out form and valid ID

- Have your biometrics (fingerprints, signature, and photo) taken

STEP 5: Claim your title (Acknowledgement Receipt)

- You are now officially Mr. or Ms. Registered Voter!

Lights, Camera, Ballot!

- Enter the runway and cast your votes!

Reign Darlene Morante

Ashley Faye Apilado

TYPHOON KRISTINE

A HeART for Healing

Historically, artists have often been marginalized, seen as

by societies focused on practicality and survival. Yet,

medium for healing, connection, and expression—especially in

triumphs and tragedies, art reminds us of our shared humanity

For Angel, art transcends mere aesthetics; it serves as a vital

comfort and speaks silently to those in need, reminding

Creating

her anxiety into a driving force. Angel’s journey

in helping communities recover, as her work embodies the Bayanihan spirit that defines the Philippines. For her, every little action counts, proving that anyone can contribute to healing without seeking recognition. She believes that artists, through their unique perspectives, inspire resilience and hope, helping others process grief and trauma in ways only creativity can offer.

Ultimately, Angel’s “Art for a Cause”

her talent and a beacon of hope for those

past centuries, when artists were often

or “useless,”

they are recognized as essential voices in society, capable of inspiring change and fostering community resilience. Through her art, Angel invites us to reflect on the power of creativity in healing and encourages us to unite in compassion during times of crisis.

As we consider the impact of art in our lives, we must ask ourselves how we can harness our talents to uplift those around us. When we come together in support of one another, we not only mend the wounds of our communities but also cultivate hope for a brighter tomorrow. In the hands of artists like Angel, we are reminded that while storms may rage and lives may be upended, the power of human connection and creativity can illuminate even the darkest days. Will you join the cause and let your creativity become a catalyst for change?

From Ruins to Restoration

The recent event caused precious artifacts to be left waterlogged and vulnerable. The museum has since begun its recovery process, with experts, staff, and volunteers working handin-hand to restore its invaluable elements. Their efforts are a testament to the city’s dedication and passion to preserve its cultural identity, protecting its past for the future.

The restoration of damaged artifacts is not merely about just repairing physical objects—it is an act of protecting the cultural and historical identity of Naga City. Every inch of each artifact in the museum tells a story of faith, resilience, and Naga’s rich past, which emphasizes the need for conservation for the future generations ahead. The recovery of the seminary, including its museum, symbolizes the resilience of the Nagueño spirit and the community’s dedication to keeping their history alive.

According to Fr. Francis Tordilla, a bishop and missionary of the Holy Rosary Minor Seminary, the whole museum was submerged in water, causing extensive damage to its invaluable collections. The museum housed books and manuscripts dating back to as far as the 1600s, including archival records of the seminary, as well as historic altars and religious images, which devoted volunteers and staff are working on restoring. The loss of these precious artifacts goes beyond physical objects, these artifacts hold great emotional and cultural significance to our city.

Among the affected archives were the records of the great local heroes, such as José María Panganiban, the “Avenger of Filipino honor,” as well as Jorge Barlin, the first Filipino bishop, and other Bicolano martyrs among others—pieces that connect Nagueños to their roots and heroes, embodying the true meaning of Bicolano pride. For the whole Nagueño community, the sight of these irreplaceable artifacts being damaged by floodwaters was a heartbreaking reminder of the fragility of the past if not preserved properly.

Similar to how an artist carefully places each stroke on a canvas, every step of the meticulous process of restoring the

waterlogged artifacts was a deliberate act of preservation and passion. The process began immediately with first-aid measures to stabilize it. Pages of books and manuscripts were carefully air-dried with kitchen napkins to separate the pages, while talcum powder absorbed the moisture. All the items were then moved to higher floors to protect them from similar incidents. These processes, though rigorous, show the same devotion an artist gives to their works of art—a labor of love for Naga’s cultural heritage.

Volunteers, coming from all walks of life— youths, institutions, NGOs, and even members of different religious sectors such as the Mormons and the Latter-day Saints—played a crucial role in this process, contributing manpower, financial assistance, and unconditional support in the redevelopment of the institution. Their motivation comes from a sense of duty and pride in preserving our city’s legacy and the rich cultural history and identity of Nagueños.

“The seminary is itself a big, big museum. So it’s very important for the identity of Bicolanos, of Naga City… that’s the reason why there was a time when the Naga City government was the one paying for the salary of the curator of the museum. But it’s quite a long, long time ago. But it used to be that way because there was no museum yet in Naga before. So, the only museum that we had was the Museum of the Seminary. So things like that, I think it’s very important in establishing our collective identity as Bicol people,” shared Fr. Tordilla on the cultural significance of the seminary and the museum.

The Museo Del Seminario

Conciliar, housed irreplaceable treasures of Naga’s spiritual and historical identity, with items like 17th-century manuscripts and archival records reflecting the seminary’s huge role in education and nationalism. The collection of the museum includes rare relics from historical events, local heroes, and the early development of Naga.

Through the ongoing restoration of the Museo Del Seminario Conciliar, the resilience of the Nagueños shines brightly through the grey skies. Despite challenges brought by

the museum is not just a repository of artifacts— it is a foundation of Naga’s identity, bridging the past and the present.

“We have to educate ourselves. We need to pool our resources together—most importantly human resources. Think about the future of cultural heritage because if we do not know our past, it’s quite hard to proceed to the future,” Fr. Tordilla shared as his message to the Nagueño community.

Reign Darlene Morante

Ivy Loueli Aliniante

SAVING STORIES. Volunteers gather at Museo del Seminario Conciliar de Nueva Caceres, on November 4, 2024, carefully preserving historical relics waterlogged during the Typhoon Kristine. (Celine Luz / Contributed Photo from Archdiocese of Caceres)

DRAWING HOPE. Angel Francia, a Naga Citybased digital artist, meticulously works on a illustration of a cat, as part of her “Art for a Cause” initiative, seeking to bring relief to those affected by Typhoon Kristine. (Celine Luz / Contributed Photo from Angel Francia)

When history is at risk, resilience becomes an art form. At the heart of Naga, a pilgrim city deeply rooted in spirituality as well as the arts, stands a museum that embodies both—the Museo Del Seminario Conciliar De Nueva Caceres. Located inside the Holy Rosary Minor Seminary, the Museo Del Seminario Conciliar is an ecclesiastical museum that preserves the legacy of the Archdiocese of Nueva Caceres, housing its images, paintings, relics, old bibles, and other artifacts. However, on October 22, Naga City was swept by the devastating Typhoon Kristine, one of the worst that the city has ever experienced, flooding most of the properties within—the Museo was no exception.

Sci-Tech

NCSHS Burugkos ‘24 integrates a blast of science, launches water-pressure rocket post-opening ceremony

Terrence Joshua Herras

Fusing scientific principles and real-world activities, Naga City Science High School’s Burugkos 2024

Intramurals opens with a water-pressure rockets launching, showcasing the ingenuity of Grade 12 Science Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) students in front of the Senior High School (SHS) Building 2 on October 1, 2024.

Primarily assigned as a performance task by Maylene Briñas and Jesusa San Agustin, Grade 12 General Physics and General Chemistry teachers, students were challenged to craft water-pressure and acid-base rockets. The groups competed to reach the highest flight altitude, with the top groups earning the chance to flaunt and launch their rockets on the Intramurals’ first day.

“...Nagkataon lang na approaching si intramurals that time, so naisip ko na parang hitting two birds with one

while presenting it in a fun, competitive, and collaborative way during the opening of Intrams,” Briñas explained.

Djerys Solis and Johnlaurence Beno sa, graduating students among the few chosen to showcase their rockets, highlighted that their experience of sharing their group’s creation with younger students and showing the ‘fruits of their hard work’ to the entire student body, made possible with a big school event, was a moment of pride.

“It serves as a way for a student to put into use all that they have learned

theoretically in their own respective classrooms,“ said Benosa expressing his excitement about integrating science-related projects into common school events.

This rocket launching event is also in accordance with the celebration of the 2024 Science and Technology Month in September as a broader initiative towards the accomplishment of the Schools Division Office (SDO) of Naga’s goal of promoting science and technology awareness to learners through classroom activities.

A CRIMSON OMEN

Terrance Joshua Herras

“Red sky in the night, sailors delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors take warning.”

his aged proverb dates from days of old when mariners used the sky’s color to forecast upcom ing weather. It was believed that seeing a red sky as the sun set signals bright weather ahead, while seeing the same color in the morning means impending rain and storm. The phenome non was sighted all around the Bicol Region on the morning of November 16, 2024, before the Super Typhoon “Pepito” (Man-Yi) made landfall that evening. It begs the question, was this occurrence an actual omen that heralded the storm, or was it a mere coincidence?

This aged proverb dates from days of old when mariners used the sky’s color to forecast upcoming weather.

It was believed that seeing a red sky as the sun set signals bright weather ahead, while seeing the same color in the morning means impending rain and storm. The phenomenon was sighted all around the Bicol Region on the morning of November 16, 2024, before the Super Typhoon “Pepito” (Man-Yi) made landfall that evening. It begs the question, was this occurrence an actual omen that heralded the storm, or was it a mere coincidence?

A red sky occurs due to Rayleigh scattering, a phenomenon where the atmosphere scatters blue wavelengths of sunlight, leaving the red wavelengths visible to human eyes. For a crimson sky to appear, the sunlight must pass through a thick layer of the atmosphere, often when the sun is low on the horizon–usually sunrise or sunset. The sun reflects the potential weather conditions on what is ‘in front’ of it, bear in mind that the sun rises from

the west and sets in the east.

The timing of the red sky can reveal weather patterns. A red sky in the morning, when the sun is rising in the east while the sunlight interacts with high-altitude clouds and moisture in the atmosphere often indicates moisture-rich clouds to the west. Most weather formations travel from west to east, therefore, having rain clouds in the west as forecasted by the sunrise means that rain or a storm is on the way.

On the other hand, a red sky at night can only happen if the western horizon is clear, allowing sunlight to illuminate particles and clouds in the atmosphere as it sets from the west. It indicates that a highpressure system with dry and stable air is present to the west. This means fair weather will likely follow as the high-pressure zone moves toward the area.

In simpler terms, red skies in the morning mean that low-pressure systems that bring rain are about to come, while red skies in the evening mean that low-pressure systems have already passed and high-pressure systems that bring good weather will come instead.

SECURE

But one might ask, doesn’t every typhoon that the Philippines experiences come from the Eastern seas and travel west? In the case of the red morning sky before Super Typhoon Pepito, it must be known that a typhoon is a massive system with outer rainbands and high-altitude clouds extending far beyond its eye or center. Even if the typhoon is moving westward, the outer bands and high clouds ahead of it can stretch well into the eastern horizon. These clouds reflect the sunlight during sunrise, creating a red morning sky. When the Bicolanos saw the red sky in the morning, the typhoon was still offshore or farther east. Despite this, its moisture-rich outer bands had already stretched and reached into the Bicol Region.

As the day progressed, the typhoon continued its westward movement, eventually making landfall that evening.

Have you ever received messages like this? Frequently associated with spam or fraud, These messages lead many to become wary and skeptical of proceeding with such messages. With the rapid advancements in digital communications, mobile users are confronted with the difficulty of safeguarding their security against threats posed by hackers and fraudsters.

Given this pressing concern, the Philippine government has mandated the legalization of the Sim Registration Act, officially known as RA 11934—a law requiring users to register their SIM cards before activating, bringing a significant change in the views of Short Message Service or SMS, a text messaging service that allows users to send and receive text messages typically consisting of at most 160 characters across different network.

This law aims to enhance SMS security and impede cybercriminal activities by creating a safer system to prevent scams and data theft, which have recently become rampant and more dangerous. Par for the course, this law comes with its pros and cons. Notably, the SimReg Act makes it more challenging for scammers to obtain user data and makes SIM card data less susceptible to hackers. However, drawing attention from this advantage, the mandatory SIM registration increases the likelihood of putting

people in danger of being monitored or targeted and having their private information misused by permitting the development of a large user information database. The right to privacy and the capacity of users to communicate anonymously are compromised by SIM registration.

Nevertheless, the AntiCybercrime Group of the Philippine National Police (PNP-ACG) reports a 43% reduction in cybercrime post-implementation of the SIM Registration law, implying the effectiveness of said legislation.

Some Filipinos have still raised concerns about its efficiency and effectiveness in truly safeguarding users from cybercrimes despite the statistics. Many are voicing its flawed system and insufficient solution to the problem of mobile fraud. Consequently, this issue has opened the discussion of its impact on user safety in SMS messaging in the Philippines.

According to Information Technology (IT) Specialist, Philip Shea, “the SMS environment changed following the implementation of this law because the owner of the sim card or the sim card holder’s identity is now attached to its sim number. Thereby, allowing regulators to be able to connect the SIM card activities to its holder. Whether it be legal or not, the activities of the sim card number will now be traced back to

the registered owner. Its effect is that whoever owns the registered sim card will now be liable to any illegal activities that may be registered to its sim card.”

According to Shea, encountering spam, unnecessary, or malicious messages, should not be a reason for users to question the effectiveness and efficiency of the said legalization as professionals are still in the process of improving the security of SIM card holders.

Shea also stated that the ‘law is effective, but not completely as of this time.’ There are still improvements and implementing regulations that need to be polished for it to execute its intended objective or function maximally.

In a recent online survey conducted tackling the possibility of encountering suspicious messages from unknown numbers, 11 out of 15 respondents consisting of students, everyday online users, and elders have concluded to receive texts encouraging them to click sent links or message them back.

When being faced with these types of messages, consulting cyber analysts is a procedure that ensures keeping one’s privacy and social security. Cyber Analysts or Cybersecurity Analysts monitor illegal access and cyberattacks on computer networks, allowing them to foresee and protect against cyber threats and react to security lapses

when they do occur.

Unfortunately, the majority of the respondents have shared that they do not consult cyber analysts or cybersecurity professionals when receiving said dangerous messages.

The Sim Registration Act has received its share of doubts and concerns from the general public. In the survey recently conducted, it can be observed that the law is still not completely effective as most SIM card holders still encounter unnecessary messages despite following through with the legalization of SIM registration.

Claim your P8888 (expires in 3 days)! participate!

Zaira Krystel Shea & Marianne Keziah Togno

Illustration by TACIANA MARQUEZ

REACH FOR THE SKY. Eliad Miguel Tripulca, 18, a Naga City Science High School (NCSHS) student, is greeted by a jet stream of colored water from a DIY water pressure-powered rocket during the launching event, signaling the start of Burugkos

Photo from: Jeremy Elcarte

Filtering the Future: Abaca-Based Carbon Filter for Microplastic-Free Water

Water, a symbol of life, is an everyday sustenance for humans, animals, and plants alike. Undoubtedly, it is significant for the survival of all living things. But what happens when water is contaminated? Especially now in the modern world, with the overuse of plastics and the undisciplined way of waste disposal, microplastics—small plastics of less than five millimeters— contaminate our waters. Fortunately, researchers of Grade 10 - Pahiyas from Naga City Science High School (NCSHS), conducted a study about a water filter capable of filtering out microplastics—’The Effectiveness of Abaca (Musa textilis) Carbon Filter in Eliminating Microplastic Content in Water.’

Led by Xavier Paul Bautista, this study focused on designing a water filter that eliminates microplastics in water using activated carbon, which helps collect impurities made from abaca leaves. According to Bautista, their goal is to

develop a “do-it-yourself” (DIY) and environmentally friendly carbon water filter that may be used in rural or urban poor regions to provide access to clean drinking water free from dangerous microplastics found in tap water.

“We realized that because plastics such as plastic bags, cups, and utensils are widely used and are not easily decomposable, there is also an increase in microplastics.

These microplastics can find their way into our bodies of water, and unfortunately, since our filtration systems are not yet perfected, water stations cannot filter out 100% of these contaminants,” Bautista added

“We realized that because plastics such as plastic bags, cups, and utensils are widely used and are not easily decomposable, there is also an increase in microplastics.

of these contaminants,” Bautista added.

The researchers designed the filter to get rid of organic chemicals from water. It contains activated carbon, which can act as an adsorbent, thus purifying water. Other than water, the device can also filter organic chemicals in the air through physical adsorption— the attraction between the device’s activated carbon and certain particles.

activated carbon variations, the solution—diluted varying concentrations of phosphoric acid— is mixed with the charcoal for about ten minutes until it has settled. Then, for the charcoal to absorb the solution to determine which concentration is more effective, it is plastic-wrapped for 22 hours. Then, the remaining solution is drained from the charcoal.

particles could be easily filtered in water.

“We believe that our device paved the way for more sustainable alternatives to wood-made activated carbon which indirectly damages the environment. Moreover, this paved the way for the development of more complex filters that enable us to purify more substances at once,” Bautista added, highlighting how we humans are more than capable of improving our technologies for the betterment of humanity.

These microplastics can find their way into our bodies of water, and unfortunately, since our filtration systems are not yet perfected, water stations cannot filter out 100%

Their methodology began with the gathering of the device’s main components, the researchers gathered 200 grams of abaca leaves, which were sundried for one week until completely dreid. Next, to potentially activate the dried abaca leaves, the researchers put these into a furnace and then heated them for an hour at a temperature of 250°C until they turned into charcoal. Then, it is grounded into finer particles, the activated abaca leaves are cooled down

In making the abaca-

To fully activate the charcoal, it is placed into an oven at 150°C for an hour. With these processes, the device can adsorb particles, especially microplastics, as the activated charcoal can initiate the clumping of particles. Results have stated that the activated carbon with higher concentrations of phosphoric acid showed more microplastic filtration than the lower concentrations

With this technology, surrounding citizens could be less harmed by the microplastics’ toxicological effects on the human body since more microplastic

The water we contaminate is the water we drink, consume, and use. As responsible stewards of the environment, it is our duty as humans to clean up after ourselves. We are intelligent beings living in the 21st century where technologies continue to advance. Innovations like the one made by Bautista’s group should be one of many ideas that can help the world we dwell in— including our water.

Revitalizing the Flow of Naga’s Sacred Aquatic Landmark

tretching along the City of Naga, the

However, despite its cultural and religious significance, everyone’s eyes can see the river’s current state. Its unnatural colors and heaps of garbage littering throughout the waters. Highlighting the irony of the situation, the water body that is supposed to be preserved and protected by its citizens is turned into a dumpsite of waste and an unpleasant sight. The locale that not only sustains the lands with its water but also allows Nagueños to perform their religious practices is being degraded by its very citizens.

The pollution of the Naga River is primarily due to improper waste management. The excessive amount of waste thrown into the river causes sedimentation, resulting in a putrid odor emanating from the waters. Saltation, a form of transport of particles such as sediments, rocks, and garbage in flowing water, aggravates the problem. As garbage particles are too big to carry within the water, they settle at the riverbed, hindering the river from flowing continuously and letting dirty waste retain and deteriorate the waters.

Furthermore, other factors that contribute to the current state of the river are the establishments and households along and near its banks. Most of these buildings don’t have proper waste treatment facilities and proper septic systems that enhance toxin content in the river.

As said in a study by Dr. Emelina Regis and Dr. Rochelle Reyes of Ateneo de Naga University (ADNU) in 2013, the presence of a toxic element known as Lead (Pb) has exceeded its natural threshold along the river’s Station 3—which encompasses the Panganiban Bridge to Colgante bridge—indicating the existence of external contaminants.

the centuries-old

a ‘pagoda’ down its stream.

The study concluded that the Naga River is dying due to the degradation of its ecosystem. With its dissolved oxygen levels lower than needed to sustain aquatic life, it is projected that all life within the waters will soon fade. Additionally, toxic phytoplanktons – microscopic marine algaes, have reached the highest level (III) of toxicity, further degrading the safety and health of the river.

Nowadays, current interventions of the government and other environmental organizations have eased the river’s state. According to the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB), all freshwaters in the Philippines are categorized into four categories: Class A, Class B, Class C, and Class D, where Class D represents the most polluted, and Class A is the cleanest water quality.

“At first, Naga River was classified as Class D, but with the efforts of the authorities, it was reclassified to Class C,” the Chief Science Research Specialist/ Provincial Science and Technology Director of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)- Region V, Patrocinio N. Felizmenio stated.

As mentioned in the Ecological Profile of Naga City created by the City’s Planning and Development Office, with the river being classified as Class C, it qualifies its waters for irrigation of agricultural crops, the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources, boating for recreation, agriculture, irrigation, and livestock watering.

Felizmenio also explained that the current state of the river does not necessarily influence the amount of flooding previously experienced by the city. “Ang Naga is mababa talaga kung icocompare sa sea level,

kumbaga, halos magpantay lang ang Naga sa sea level. Ngayon, tumatakbo ang Naga River papunta sa Bicol River; kung si Bicol River, grabe ang saltation, walang lalabasan ang tubig at babalik ito sa Naga,” she added.

She has also mentioned that they have been taking various measures, such as clean-up drives and dredging to clean the Naga River. Dredging is the process of removing gravel or other material from the bottom of the river to deepen the riverbed, preventing the risk of floods. This also helps the Naga River to continuously flow along the larger waters of the Bicol River.

Along with these physical interventions, there have been joint efforts to raise awareness among the Nagueños about the current state of the river. This is primarily targeted to the youth to inspire them to recognize the river and its historical significance, as well as its environmental importance.

In connection with this, EMB has also been consistent in doing a quarterly assessment of the water of the Naga River to identify the sources of water pollution and to develop different strategies for sustainable water source management.

“Grabe na ang efforts ng city and government, dilang masyadong nakikita dahil kumbaga mas marami pa din ang tumatapon o nagkakalat,” Felizmenio said. Governmental efforts will not be enough if the Nagueños won’t participate and revert to their wasteful habits. The Naga River’s quality will prosper if its citizens—especially those situated near the waters—practice proper waste disposal. Youth are also highly encouraged to participate in cleanup drives to widen their knowledge and awareness to improve the river’s cleanliness.

Naga River has been a vital part of the rich history and colorful culture of Naga City, especially as a religious venue for the Peñafrancia Fluvial Procession. The current state of the river is an eye-opener to Nagueños that their actions towards the environment have direct impact and lasting effects on the environment. By being more astute stewards of nature through cooperation, Naga’s citizens can collectively bring back the river’s beauty and life, allowing more generations to see its wonderful visage.

The city’s aged drainage system, often clogged with debris and waste, worsened under the heavy rainfall from Severe Tropical Storm Kristine. This hindered the flow of water, leading to severe flooding. It poses serious health risks as polluted water can spread waterborne diseases like leptospirosis. So, to overcome this issue, the city has to develop improved drainage facilities, improve waste management skills, and instruct people on maintaining garbage disposal by keeping the environment clean.

Given all this, Naga City needs to enhance the features of its drainage systems. This doesn’t necessarily mean the replacement of old infrastructures but rather modernize such systems to ensure that they at least bear such crazy weather. Moreover, performing regular maintenance and cleaning out of the drainage channels to guarantee they work well should be overseen before the arrival of incessant rain.

By investing in such improvements, the city can minimize, to its fullest extent, the risk of flooding that can be anticipated ahead, consequently keeping its residents healthy and safe. Improving the way we manage our waste will be the very key to preventing any floods in the future. When trash accumulates within the drainage system, it brings about blockages that can lead to overflow when there is heavy rain. Other than employing government technology, it must be a common tradition for residents to avoid disposing of waste in canals and drainage systems. Naga City should consider launching community-based waste management initiatives that place citizens engaging in recycling, throwing away their trash correctly, and conducting frequent clean-up operations. Public awareness drives have a very significant role in teaching residents why it is so crucial to

keep the surroundings clean and how waste contributes to such environmental issues. When every citizen shares responsibility for the environment, the community can work together to contribute to lowering the possibility of flooding. Moreover, information about the risks of flooding and what to do in case of bad weather must also be disseminated. Community workshops and training help prepare people for emergencies, whether it be making evacuation plans or finding routes of safe escape. This will establish early warning systems and channels of information that can keep people in the loop about upcoming storms to let them take appropriate steps to protect themselves and their stuff.

Building community resilience in Naga City through such initiatives can help it better handle similar natural catastrophes in the future.

Some might argue that investing in modernizing drainage systems and waste management

practices could strain the city’s budget and divert resources away from other pressing needs, such as housing, education, or healthcare. They may contend that natural disasters are inevitable and that spending resources on flood prevention may not guarantee a solution, particularly with the unpredictability of climate change. Additionally, it may be said that citizen cooperation is difficult to ensure, making such initiatives as clean-up drives and awareness seminars less effective.

Although financial limitations are legitimate worries, the costs of doing nothing greatly exceed the expenditures necessary for preventative action. Implementing sustainable solutions is far less expensive than the ongoing costs associated with flood recovery, which include repairs, relief efforts, and medical care for illnesses linked to flooding. Furthermore, by fostering a culture of community involvement and launching educational campaigns,

citizens can gradually develop habits that reduce waste and improve their environment. A cooperative approach, supported by consistent government action, ensures that these efforts are not only financially viable but also sustainable in the long term. The devastation caused by Severe Tropical Storm Kristine serves as a wake-up call for Naga City to address its vulnerabilities to flooding through a combination of modern infrastructure, improved waste management, and active community participation. By embracing these solutions, the city can mitigate future risks, safeguard the health and safety of its residents, and foster a sense of shared responsibility for the environment. A resilient Naga City invests in its future today, ensuring that its citizens and traditions continue to thrive amidst the challenges of floods.

Marc Alexis Lucena and MJ Brecio

S

Naga River hosts

annual Peñafrancia Fluvial Procession, where thousands of devotees gather to witness the miraculous image of Our Lady of Peñafrancia carried by

Princess Orzales and Meriel San Buenaventura

Elisha Faith Maqueñana

Illustration by SACHI CORDIAL

Illustration by Michael Angelo Pornelosa

aga City and its surrounding municipalities faced the worst flooding in almost 30 years after Severe Tropical Storm Kristine hit on October 22, 2024. The city was declared in a state of calamity when the flash flood was caused by heavy rainfall, high tides, the overflowing of the Bicol River, and the spilling of water from Mount Isarog, resulting in waters that rose high submerging some areas under water leaving only roofs of houses visible. This recurring issue has been one of the greatest sources of Naga’s problems, where its most effective potential solutions require both the government’s and citizens’ attention to prevent any more disasters.

2 Sci-Tech

EDITORIAL

The Youth’s Call Beyond the Storm

In a world constantly changing, the demand for evolution, adaptation, and improvement will always be inevitable. From the issues on climate to the problems of cyclones and eruptions, and the numerous concerns in weather, there’s only one message being sent by these calamities: our Mother Earth continues to deteriorate as we progress through time, and we have to stop it while we still can.

With the consecutive catastrophes affecting the Philippines and its people, we have come to a point where we have to be wary of our safety because of the threats of cataclysmic jeopardy, forcing schools to have successive class suspensions within a span of a few months. This has raised controversy and sentiments among people, prompting them to ask the question: Are the class suspensions really necessary, or are the students of today just overly sensitive?

In this matter, it is essential to consider the situation of the environment and the globe both now and in the past. Studies confirm that the Earth has undergone significant changes over the past century, such as the global temperature rising by about 2°C since the 1850s, the increasing intensity and regularity of rainfall, the intensifying droughts and heat waves, the ocean waters warming by about 0.10°C each decade since the 1970s, and the weather having dramatic changes in short periods.

Recent global events, including the delayed snow on Mt. Fuji, snowfall in the Saudi desert, consecutive tropical storms entering the Philippines, and increased volcanic activity of Taal, illustrate a significant shift in climate compared to the past. In light of these changes, the Department of Education (DepEd) has amended its protocols regarding class suspensions in 2022, mandating the cancellation of all public and private school classes when the PAGASA raises Signal #1, a change from the previous rules that only affected preschool classes. This adjustment is a necessary response to the intensified weather conditions brought about by climate change, demonstrating our government’s commitment to prioritize student safety amid natural disasters.

Acknowledging these varying challenges faced by current students, their safety must be upheld without compromise. Furthermore, while there is a need for empathy toward learners, we are also met with the reality that we have fallen short of responsible environmental action. The necessity for class suspensions arises from extreme weather conditions, largely attributable to human impact on the planet; for that reason, it remains vital for individuals to adopt responsible practices that reflect genuine care for the environment, ensuring the safety and well-being of both current and future generations.

The future of our planet hinges on the gradual changes we implement today. Through collective efforts, unity, and inspiration, we can spark positive change and safeguard our environment. Rather than being focused on the level of sensitivity of the younger generations and the staggering consequences of class suspensions, we should channel our energy in mobilizing individuals through passionate action and conversation.

At the end of the day, we bear the responsibility, as the ones affected by climate change and especially as the ones who caused the problem, to restore the beauty of Mother Earth to its former purity, vibrance, and glory. Let us work hand in hand to resurrect the clean and green planet we once enjoyed.

Humanity to Monetary:

The company that developed arguably the world’s greatest

Founded in 2015 with a bold mission to prioritize humanity’s safety as artificial intelligence advances, OpenAI pledged to ‘advance digital intelligence in the way that is most likely to benefit humanity as a whole, unconstrained by a need to generate financial return.’ But with multiple business achievements, such as the groundbreaking release of chatbot ChatGPT, OpenAI’s ideals have become a casualty of its success. As the company pivoted to seek profit, the company may have shifted toward being another tech giant prioritizing power and profit over people. OpenAI originally followed an unorthodox company structure, where a non-profit board controlled the company to uphold its philanthropic vision. However, in September 2024, CEO Sam Altman, who had previously stated he had no shares in the company, just relinquished equity worth billions alongside complete control over the AI company. With this, Altman also seeks to renovate the current company structure to a more traditional ‘for-profit’ framework.

Once Altman stripped the nonprofit board of its power, OpenAI faced a crisis with the majority of its safety staff quitting the company. With Altman’s helm over the organization, he rushed to commercialize products, granted more control to investors like Microsoft and Silicon Valley in exchange for unmonitored development, and possibly

disregarded their cause of humane usage of artificial intelligence.

Business politics aside, what could this shift mean for the average person? Artificial intelligence may usher into an era of inaccessibility for free users as they might charge higher prices for their services. For everyday people, it limits helpful technologies like ChatGPT which is usually used for work, learning, and personal purposes. If prices go up, only the wealthy can access these advances, widening the gap between rich and poor in the area of technology, which the old non-profit OpenAI seeked to bridge with its free resources.

Furthermore, as investors now gain more autonomy within the company, they can push OpenAI’s technology

for more incomegenerating ventures,

disregarding ethical considerations.

With their new profit model, they might prioritize getting AI tools to the market quickly without testing and sufficient restrictions. If these unchecked technologies go online, risks of misuse such as misinformation, deepfakes, and cyber-attacks grow exponentially.

For worse, this shift to a profit-seeking model further endangers human workers from different fields.

If OpenAI completely forgoes its humanitarian vision, the pursuit of profit may develop harmful technologies that enable job displacement as job automation is in full swing. In a company driven by money, it is no longer about how people can safely benefit from technology but rather about cutting costs. This may lead to fewer opportunities for workers, worsening economic inequality, and

greater financial insecurity for common people.

Moreover, this shift’s cultural and societal impact cannot be ignored. By prioritizing profit over ethical AI development, OpenAI undermines public trust in emerging technologies. This erosion of trust can lead to heightened skepticism toward AI, stalling innovation and enhancing refusal to adopt technologies that could genuinely improve lives. For a company once seen as a pioneer in ethical AI, this turn of events not only risks its reputation but also the broader perception of artificial intelligence as a force for good.

Certainly, the company’s shift and skyrocketing finances will likely bring further development to AI technology and groundbreaking tools. But if it means raising questions and caveats about its accessibility, fairness, and safety for everyone, the value of these advancements truly becomes questionable.

In hindsight, OpenAI’s transformation from a non-profit philanthropist organization to a ‘for-profit’ tech giant reflects how things that are too good can’t be true for so long. As the company’s original goal fades into the background, ordinary people are left facing a future where the benefits of AI may only be grasped by the rich. If OpenAI continues to prioritize financial gain over the public good, it may not just redefine the company—it could reshape the very way AI interacts with society.

artificial intelligence (AI) assistant has now lost its original vision.

Marc Alexis Lucena and MJ Brecio

Illustration by GAB UBALDO

SALPAKAN

Duel of Wits and Warfare

oard games have always been a part of the Philippine identity. From old men playing chess to board games being part of school tournaments, it is no wonder that

The board game born out of a Filipino’s hands: “Salpakan”, or as many may know it, Game of the Generals. The board game has made waves recently with more being introduced to it, at least locally. Within Naga City Science High School, it has been featured as part of the Intramurals and as La Liga Heneral—a new sports organization focused on the game. In a Game of the General-related survey, 124 out of the 154 respondents of different batches from Naga City Science High school have already shown familiarity in the sport. Among those who are familiar with the game, 79 became familiar with it due to friends or

introducing it to them, and the rest through social media, and school events.

Local Roots Game of the Generals or “GG” is an educational war game made in the Philippines by Sofronio H. Pasola Jr.

According to his son, Ronnie Pasola, this strategic board game was born during floods that devastated Manila back in 1967. After playing with cardboard cutouts of soldiers on a chessboard, he enthusiastically declared that he will be inventing a new game. Three days after his eureka moment however, he would put together a mere variation of chess, a far cry from the game we know today.

His lightbulb moment came by integrating the systems of Mahjong and other card games which set up the pieces in a way that is unseen to the opponent. This fog of war mechanic was a clear deviation from chess and allowed Ronnie to integrate another mechanic that drew close resemblance to how real-life generals strategized in battle—allowing players to freely deploy their forces. These two mechanics would single-handedly define the game and set it apart from the rest.

After another flood that flushed out any attention from the game in 1972, journalist Iking Gonzales pushed the game into the public eye with his entry in the newly-established Times Journal. Shortly after, the game caught on with Manila’s elite and outsold Chess in its formal public introduction.

A Cold War of some sorts would later ensue between the Game of the Generals and the Game of Kings. Chess tournaments with big prizes were held and grandmasters were even imported in order to stop its surging popularity. When the same grandmasters drew interest with GG, chess officials would clamp down on this by threatening to ban them from chess-related events. But once the dust settled, GG still remains successful to this day, with corporations like San Miguel even being one of its sponsors. It even held the distinction of being the only electronic board game at the time, with the invention of Electronic Arbitek that replaced a match’s arbiter being manufactured under a license back in 1978.

Knowing the Personnel

The board game itself features either plastic or metal rectangles bent at a 90-degree angle, with rank insignias printed at the rear to obscure them from the opposing player’s sight. There are 21 pieces overall, and apart from the Spy and the Philippine flag, the ranks are based on those that are used in the Philippine Army.

The pieces, ranked from highest to lowest respectively, are as follows: the 5-Star general, 4-star general, 3-star general, 2-star general, 1-star general, colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, captain, 1st lieutenant, 2nd lieutenant, sergeant, and private. All of the pieces mentioned can eliminate any lower-ranking piece, the private and the flag. The spy is one of the more powerful pieces in the game, with it being able to eliminate every piece apart from the private. The private is the only piece capable of eliminating the spy, making it a strategic asset despite it being the lowest ranked piece. If both the pieces are of equal rank (i.e. 5-star general capturing another 5-star general), both are eliminated from the board.

A player can capture a piece by placing their troop on top of the opposing player’s piece.When it happens, an arbiter will look at both pieces to determine what piece would be taken off the board depending on the piece’s rank. If a lower ranked piece tries to capture a higher ranked one, then the lower ranked piece would be taken off the board. The arbiter is not allowed to signal

the piece’s rank in any way, so it is up to the players to infer what it may be.

All of the pieces can only move or capture pieces either one square from the right, left, up, or down. The main objective of the game is to capture the opposing players flag using any of the pieces mentioned. One thing to note here is that if a flag is used to capture another player’s flag, then the attacking player captures the other player’s flag and the game is won.

Another way to secure victory is to bring the flag to the opposing player’s back rank. Once it’s there, it has to survive one more turn before declaring victory. If it is not challenged by the opposing player on the following turn or there are no pieces near the flag to capture it, then the game is won.

Diving into the Battlefield Unlike chess, players are not restricted to one position only and can freely place their pieces on the board depending on the strategy they employ. The first three rows of the board are where the players can deploy their troops, with the fourth or middle row being “no man’s land”, where players can occupy the area during the game. Once the pieces are placed on the board, the battle begins.

Strategies employed within the game are ones drawn from actual military operations. The most basic one is the Linear Assault, wherein the most powerful pieces like spies or Generals are placed in the front while weaker pieces are placed in the side or rear. This is mostly used by beginners and the main goal is to decimate most enemy pieces. There are times where a lower ranked piece is placed at the front to help identify strong opposing pieces. Once the front is eliminated however, it can compromise the position since only weak pieces remain.

Another strategy that’s implemented is the Blitzkrieg. It’s named after a World War 2 German strategy wherein armored vehicles, tanks, artillery, and air support were concentrated in order to break through defenses. Like its real-life counterpart, the Blitzkrieg strategy entails amassing the most powerful pieces on one side of the board to puncture a player’s defense on that side and essentially escort the flag to the opponent’s back rank. The main weakness of the strategy is the other side of the board where the weaker pieces are placed. If an enemy Blitz is pointed at that weakened area, the opponent can also punch through your defense easily. With every strategy comes counters to that strategy, and so on. While we could be here for hours discussing each strategy and its intricacies, it’s not the only way that battles are won.

Psychological Warfare

Wars of old have mainly been won through strategic changes. When one strategy falls apart, war generals have always been adept at shifting to another option, which is also how players of this game win when strategies don’t pan out. And like the wars back then, games are won through one thing: deception. By deceiving opponents, players can mask the true identity of their pieces by either

COMMAND AND CONQUER

T9 wins, losing only to De Las Llagas, while Natividad dominated the girls’ category with a perfect 10-0 record, both players demonstrating exceptional strategy and promising a bright future for the growing La Liga Heneral organization.

The successful debut of La Liga Heneral not only marks its establishment as the sixth official sports organization at NCSHS but also sets the stage for the organization to represent the school in future competitions, further expanding the variety of

extracurricular activities available to students and strengthening the school’s reputation in strategic, mind-based sports.

2 Sports

FOUL PLAY: Exclusion from Action

Destablishment draw a clear line for “elite sports,” it also tarnished the University of the Philippines’ reputation for being accessible to all.

Some may argue that elite sports are inclusive for all as long as aspiring athletes have “enough passion” for the sport. However, a question comes to mind upon hearing this remark: How much passion is ‘enough’ in order to stitch the obvious wealth difference and justify the removal of the “elite” label?

espite continuous progress in various sectors, one issue remains entrenched in society—social stratification. A recent example surfaced on November 18 when the Philippines unveiled its first student-led Formula 1 (F1) racing team set to compete in the F1 in Schools World Finals in Saudi Arabia. The announcement sparked mixed reactions online: some celebrated the achievement, while others questioned whether these students can really be considered “athletes” in a sport that remains out of reach for many due to its exclusivity and cost. This division underscores a harsh reality: sports, which are supposed to revolve around fairness and sportsmanship, sometimes serve to reinforce social inequality. Traditionally, an activity needs to meet three requirements in order to be considered a sport: physical exertion or skill, competition, and a set of rules to follow. However, an unmentioned criterion, that is easily overlooked, matters just as much—social participation or inclusivity. For sports to truly fulfill their purpose, they should bring people together instead of widening the socioeconomic gaps. Various attempts have been made to address these existing gaps, but they have often ended up reinforcing the divisions they aimed to solve. A great example would be the establishment of the UP Golf Club in 2023, which also sparked a debate online. Operating with a slogan “Golf for All” in a public university seemed like a liberating step towards transcending boundaries, but it ironically

The cost of equipment alone can be a major setback for athletes. Cheaper options often mean sacrificing quality, which can hurt a player’s performance and overall competitiveness. Despite the amount of training and mastery an athlete has for the sport, it is undeniable that these elite sports are practically payto-win, a passive display of wealth.

Even with equipment costs out

of the picture, participatory fees are already off the charts for these types of sports. According to Phillip van Osten, a sports journalist, an F1 racer’s Super License, which is a mandatory permit for all competing athletes, costs at least €10,400 or roughly ₱640,000. With this amount of money, even a middle-class Filipino would bid their goodbyes to that F1 dream.

Ultimately, social exclusivity under mines the fundamental spirit of sports. Bridging economic gaps is essential to restoring the true essence of athletic competition. To ensure a more level play ing field for future athletes, it is crucial to prioritize inclusivity as a core principle in the evolution of sports. By doing so, society can foster a more equitable environment where talent, rather than financial resources, determines success.

VIRTUOUS ALUMNUS: Kirby Lascano’s Tactical Takedowns

What if the key for winning wasn’t raw power, but the ability to outsmart your opponent at every move? In the world of combat sports, physical strength is often recognized as the “ultimate weapon” that an athlete can possess. However, this isn’t the case for Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ); it’s not the size of the fighter that matters—it’s the precision of their attacks and the sharpness of their mind.

It was this very philosophy that drew 2024 Marianas Pro Manila silver medalist and Naga City Science High School alumnus, Kirby Lascano, to the sport. The idea that anyone, regardless of size or strength, could outmaneuver a stronger opponent by formulating tactics and strategies captivated him to become an athlete in BJJ. As he immersed himself in the practice, he discovered something that made Jiu-Jitsu truly special: its inclusivity. international motorsports—F1 racing.

“Jiu-Jitsu is a type of martial art na for everyone. It’s known as the ‘Gentleman’s Sport.’ Maraming nagsasabi na [ito] ay isang ‘gentle art’ since kaya siyang gawin ng mga bata, matatanda, and even [ng] may mga kapansanan; kaya nilang magtrain and magcompete [sa] Jiu-Jitsu dahil sa pagiging inclusive nito,” the blue-belter shared, defining Jiu-Jitsu.

The 20-year-old ’s journey in Jiu-Jitsu has been nothing short of extraordinary. He started his first takedowns only three years ago and sailed to the blue belt while adorning himself with medals and awards from winning in various competitions locally, regionally, and eventually, in the national stage. His commitment to the sport was put to the ultimate test at the 2024 Marianas Pro Manila, where over a thousand fighters gathered to compete for the top spots. His precise techniques, strategic mindset, and unyielding determination led him to the silver medal.

“This year, my biggest achievement is yu ng Marianas competition sa Manila kasi international competition siya tapos almost a thousand athletes

ang [sumali]. Nakapasok ako [noon] sa championship tapos I went up against sa rank one athlete ng Philippine team.” Kirby proudly shared. “It was such an achievement for me kasi nalaman ko na kaya ko nang magstep sa ganoon na stage ng Jiu-Jitsu.” He added.

But for Kirby, the pride he feels isn’t limited to his personal success. As a coach at ChenRic Boxing Gym, he’s now helping to shape the next generation of Bicolano BJJ practitioners. By teaching young aspiring athletes, he aims to build a strong local BJJ community that could compete regionally, and eventually, on the national stage.

“Goal ko na maestablish ‘yung team namin dito na eventually, makapagprovide din ako ng mga athletes and competitors sa Jiu-Jitsu from regionals to international stages.” The

Resiliency is a Fallacy

Ecountry. The countless hours spent training, the mental battles fought, and the pressure

are all worth it if they lead to excellence. But how long can this dedication be sustained if the very support system they fight for—if it even exists—fails to support them in return? Worse still, only the most glorified “mainstream sports” seem to receive the resources and recognition that all athletes deserve

At the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, golfers Dottie Ardina and Bianca Pagdanganan arrived with little more than a sash to represent the Philippines. While their competitors from other nations were equipped with complete uniforms and quality gear, Filipino golfers were left without official attire. They had to attach the Philippine logo on their shirts with adhesives painstakingly. It was both a humbling and humiliating moment, a stark reminder of how these athletes, who had trained for years to represent their country, were left to fight not just for victory, but for the basic respect they should have deserved. And yet, when it’s the Olympics—the pinnacle of global sport—why are they still placed on a lower pedestal than others? While “mainstream” sports like basketball and volleyball enjoy full support, sponsorships, and mass media coverage, athletes in lesser-known sports are left with nothing but the “resiliency” that Filipinos so often glorify. This empty virtue does little to sustain them in the face of such disparity.

The same story repeats itself for athletes in sports that fall outside the mainstream. If not for standout figures like Carlos Yulo and Hidilyn Diaz, sports like gymnastics and weightlifting would largely remain ignored by the public and the government. Society often sends the

message that the only way to gain national recognition is by winning a gold, silver, or bronze medal. For many athletes, that’s the only time they’re seen as a source of pride for the country—a harsh reality when they compete against the world’s best, and an even harder one when they lack the proper support and resources to succeed.

This issue hits home, particularly at Naga City Science High School (NCSHS), where basketball and volleyball are treated as the crown jewels of sports, while other activities are relegated to mere afterthoughts. As a sports journalist with a passion for niche sports, it’s disheartening to see athletes in these disciplines left to fend for themselves, while those in mainstream sports receive professional coaching, new jerseys, and top-tier equipment. It’s frustrating to see athletes play all their cards, only to watch higherups play favorites. In a school where academics are prioritized and sports take a backseat, athletes in lesserknown sports are forced to work twice as hard to achieve what players in popular sports can reach with half the effort. This disparity not only discourages talent but also sends a message that certain sports—and the students who pursue them—are valued less.

Some may argue that this is just how it has been, but this is exactly

the problem. The hyperfixation of these particular sports steals the spotlight from other sports like golf, archery, and many more that we would have not thought of playing 20 years ago. The sports landscape is evolving, and it’s time to shed light on these overlooked disciplines, where many Filipinos have the potential to excel.

“

In a school where academics are prioritized and sports take a backseat, athletes in lesser-known sports are forced to work twice as hard to achieve what players in popular sports can reach with half the effort.

It is a harsh reality for many athletes playing “unpopular sports” to constantly prove their worth just to gain recognition. They are forced to embrace the idea of “resiliency”—a fallacy designed to mask the evident bias that plagues them. It’s unfair for athletes to receive less simply because they are involved in less popular sports. The lack of uniforms for our top golfers, or the underappreciation of athletes in NCSHS, isn’t an accidental oversight. It is the result of years of neglect, and unless we change, such issues will persist. This is an issue of ignorance and it calls for the same equal reasonable support to all athletes for a solution and not resiliency.

young coach shared about his longterm goal.

In BJJ, the battle starts way before a fighter steps onto the mat. While many combat sports focus on what happens in the ring or on the mat itself, BJJ places a heavy emphasis on conditioning and preparation long before the match begins. While it may seem that a match is won with a single submission or takedown, those moments are the culmination of months—even years—of preparation. A fighter’s ability to execute techniques, transition smoothly between positions, and outlast their opponent comes from this hard-earned foundation of sweat and strategy.

“Para saakin,ang pinakaimportanteng part ng competition ay ang training at [kung] paano pinaghahandaan ang competition. I remember, laging sinasabi saakin ng US coach ko na ‘train hard, fight easy’.” Kirby explained. He also shared his physical and mental conditioning which involves strict weekly training and sparring.

This preparation, both physical and mental, is what sets BJJ apart from many other martial arts. The emphasis on technique, strategy, and constant refinement is what gives even the smallest fighter the ability to defeat

a stronger opponent, proving that success in BJJ isn’t about force—it’s about mastering the art of control.

Looking back at his journey, Kirby acknowledges the role that Naga City Science High School played in shaping who he is today. “‘Yung paghubog saakin ng Sayans as an individual really affected my mindset,” he shared. “‘Yung gutom ko sa learning, pagtitiwala ko sa sarili, ‘yung time management—which kailangan talaga ng mga science high school students—helped me grow.” For Kirby, his time at Naga Science was not just about academics, but about building character and resilience—traits that he now applies both on and off the mat. With the end of another year, a new one rises, laying out exciting new opportunities for Kirby Lascano to take. Despite flipping the first pages of 2025, he already has another big goal in mind: the 2025 Marianas Open International that will take place in the month of April.

As he continues to rise in the world of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Kirby’s journey is a testament to the power of strategy, hard work, and the importance of building a solid foundation. Whether on the mat or in life, it’s not about how big you are, but how smart you fight— and Kirby Lascano is proving that every step of the way.

VOLLEY TO VICTORY: Batch Prometheus clinches gold in Men’s

leyball; Hyacinthus blooms in Juniors Bracket

Aquilanus jumped to an early lead, thanks to Kharl Prila’s back-to-back service aces and Roland Vasquez’s unshakable defense that stifled Prometheus’ execution of plays, owning the first set at 15-7.

Craving for redemption, the Phoenix’s Gerald Verdadero flaunted his offensive prowess, unleashing ferocious spikes with the help of Lander Sto. Domingo’s pinpoint set-ups that ultimately handed them the second set, 10-15.

“Of all the players, si Berb (Verdadero) ang may pinakamalakas na connection sa sets ko. Starting pa kasi nung training for City Meet last year, we had a good connection na talaga inside man or outside the court, so [may] tiwala talaga ako kay Berb na maeexecute niya nang tama ‘yung mga sets ko,” Sto. Domingo explained, highlighting their shared understanding and chemistry that developed overtime.

Opening the final set with his unquenched thirst for gold, Verdadero went on a rampage and devoured the battlefield, mauling the Eagles with fiveconsecutive service aces, 8-2.

Batch Prometheus exemplified the essence of teamwork, overcoming the absence of their captain, Bryan Brizuela. Their cohesive play

propelled them to a stunning 15-6 victory in the final set, securing their batch a gold.

After suffering defeat in the previous game, Aquilanus faced Batch Seraphinus in the silver medal match, only to be overwhelmed once again. Despite having new faces in their batch, the Serpents demonstrated perfect synergy and claimed the victory, 2-0, with Joel Reginales Jr. leading the charge by amassing 8 attacking points throughout the clash.

“I think yung reason behind [our] bond is yung tiwala namin sa isa’t isa. Nagka-ugwa kami ning sense of camaraderie kung saan nag-eenjoy ang gabos and nagtutulungan ang bawat isa para maensure na mayong naleleft out,” Reginales explained, reflecting on how their batch forged such a strong connection in a short amount of time.

Meanwhile, 9thgraders Batch Hyacinthus displayed their formidable skills, shining in the juniors bracket by besting Batches Helios and Stellarius, 2-1 and 2-0 respectively, earning a

gold placement for their batch.

Hyacinthus setter Jared Canlas showcased remarkable ball control, skillfully orchestrating their matches with his precise set-ups and deceptive dumps that consistently outsmarted his junior batches’ defense.

“Siguro,

Jhan Eroh Nocillado

Roland Vasquez

Taciana

theNAGUENIAN

DEFYING GR TY

The Philippines is known as a country with deep adoration for sports filled with action. Cheers of Filipinos can be heard from stadiums, courts, and rings, cheering for their favorite athletes that hustle with ambition. In a country that craves action, performance sports such as gymnastics often get pushed to the sides, depriving them of recognition

This did not hold back 16-year old gymnasts Gianina and Taliana Sanorjo, or “The Sanorjo Twins” of Naga City Science High School (NCSHS). The twins were introduced as Naguenian athletes after representing Batch Seraphinus during the NCSHS Intramurals 2024, dazzling the crowd with their rhythmic moves and exemplary routine.

First Stretch

Uncertain of their future in the sport, their journey started on humble beginnings.

Realizing their potential at the age of 8 in 2016, they were enrolled by their parents in a Summer Sports Camp despite the unpopularity of gymnastics in the Bicol Region. Wanting to find a hobby they both can enjoy, the twins gave the sport a try. As time ticked by, they grew fond of it, carrying not only themselves but also gymnastics with pride and joy.

“We only wanted to give [gymnastics] a shot even though [it] does not receive much attention in our region. But after numerous training and competitions, we started to enjoy gymnastics and decided to continue doing it until now.” Taliana shared about their beginnings.

“Our parents saw potential in us and thought gymnastics would be a great fit. Gymnastics boosted our confidence and we met new people who eventually became our friends, which gave us even more motivation to continue this sport.” Gianina added.

Succored to Success

Uncertain of their future in the sport, their journey started on humble beginnings. Realizing their potential at the age of 8 in 2016, they were enrolled by their parents in a Summer Sports Camp despite the unpopularity of gymnastics in the Bicol Region. Wanting to find a

SPORTS TO WIN TWO WINS

A Sport and an Art For the untrained eye, gymnastics is merely a sport. But for the twins, Gymnastics is a combination of both sports and art. Through forms and routines, a gymnast performs a dynamic art piece that features the capabilities of the human body.

“I would say that aerobic gymnastics is a combination of art and sport. It is considered an art since it requires creativity to create a routine. Meanwhile, it is a sport since we compete against other gymnasts and also use different skills—not just flexibility but also strength, balance, coordination, cardiovascular endurance, and many more.” Taliana elucidating her thoughts about gymnastics.

While others may think that art requires vibrant colors and elaborate figures, gymnasts’ beg to differ. They prove that the human body is a masterpiece capable of expressing different styles and emotions. This not only demonstrates the beauty of human movement but also highlights the Double Gold

Walking a path not taken by many, it is easy to get overwhelmed. Gymnastics is a sport that not only requires skill but

DYNAMICS BY MECHANICS PBA adopts four-point line for its 49th season

The Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) announced the introduction of a four-point line mechanic for its 49th season during a strategy meeting of the league’s Board of Governors in Osaka, Japan, on July 22, 2024.

FILIPINO FLEXIBILITY: Stretching Back to Childhood

The four-point shot line, which spans 27 feet beyond the rim, debuted during the season-opener of the 2024 Governor’s Cup striving to bring a twist of excitement while increasing competitiveness within team matchups and strategy. With this historic introduction, the league is marked as the first professional basketball association in the world to fully incorporate the four-point shot line in its official games.

Children playing in the streets, doing cartwheels, and executing stunts like backflips—these are not new sights for Filipinos. Long-encrypted in their culture and practices, this is not just a common style of playing for the people—it is a starting point and a training ground for them to discover their passion for sports suited to their skills, specifically for their flexibility.

Laro ng Lahi, which translates to ‘Games of the People’, refers to a category of traditional Filipino games that require flexibility, coordination, and agility. These games, such as Luksong Baka, Luksong Tinik, Chinese Garter, and Filipino Limbo, challenge participants to stretch their physical limits and engage their bodies in dynamic movements. Despite their informal nature and entertainment value, these traditional games play an important role in promoting physical fitness, helping children develop flexibility, strength, and overall health.

Flexibility—a trait often overlooked by many— may be one of the hidden strengths of Filipino athletes. The skills developed through traditional Filipino games, though not always in the spotlight, can play a significant role in shaping success. This quality, which often goes underappreciated, has helped propel athletes like Carlos Yulo and EJ Obiena to the global stage, as seen in their standout performances at the 2024 Paris Olympics.

With the exceptional performance of Filipino Olympians, bannered by Yulo and Obiena, Filipinos developed a growing interest in sports that match their level of flexibility. This has paved the way for Filipinos to appreciate sports like gymnastics, pole vaulting, and martial arts, empowering the grassroots program for the local sports system. Likewise, this milestone from the Filipino athletes has inspired and empowered millions of young dreamers who aspire to be future Olympic athletes.

In the matter of encouraging the youth to keep their physical life active and going, the thought of nurturing flexibility through childhood games and sports programs can be of much help to ensure that kids are able to be kids—they are able to play, have fun, and be healthy. Through these childhood games, children are not only able to practice and improve, but they are also able to dream and aspire, just like how Carlos Yulo and EJ Obiena first started before inspiring millions of Filipino children to date.

To others, flexibility may just be a simple skill, but to the Filipinos, this is their turning point to achieve

Prior to this season, the PBA adopted the rule during the 2023 All-Star Exhibition Match, where it was featured again for the same event the subsequent year due to its popularity. During the said match, the mechanic allowed the league to witness its first-ever five-point play, as Robert Bolick was fouled by Calvin Oftan while attempting to hit the go-ahead shot, forcing a draw between their competing teams.

In an interview with Spin PH’s Reuben Terrado during the pre-season press conference, PBA Chairman Ricky Vargas expressed the decision to reflect the idea as part of the game’s ever-changing landscape as the innovation hopes to revolutionize the game of basketball with the league as its pioneer.

“Matagal nang iniisip ng ibang liga ‘to, maski ang NBA iniisip na nila ‘to. In fact, even FIBA is thinking about it. Sabi nga nila, ‘If you don’t innovate, you die,’ so your PBA is going to innovate with the fans in mind. When we are successful, there are many [leagues] who will follow suit. Today, we are alone. Tomorrow, we will be plenty.” Vargas highlighted.

While there is no guarantee that it will remain permanently, PBA League Commissioner Willie Marcial articulated the idea in an interview with Spin PH’s Reuben Terrado at PBA Media Day and encouraged the fans to give the four-point shot a chance, expressing excitement about the possibilities it will bring while in its experimental phase.

“Ang PBA, dynamic ‘yan eh, so sana tuloy-tuloy pa rin ang magandang naidudulot natin sa (laro ng) basketball. Tignan natin kung magiging successful, dire-diretso na ‘yun. Kung hindi man, titignan natin kung anong pwede nating gawin. Pag bigyan niyo muna kami. Tignan natin kung magiging successful. Kung hindi, tignan natin kung anong magagawa natin, pero subukan natin.” Marcial expressed.

SHADES OF VICTORY

Gray Naman Yan seizes gold, conquers

Led by veteran Darryl Avestrus and current season MVP Steven Belleca, Team Gray Naman Yan steamrolled the fourth season of the NCSHS Alumni Basketball League a single loss after trouncing Team Nega, 76-59, at the Trishot Gymnasium on Right from the tip-off, Gray Naman Yan asserted dominance, dictating the sharp offensive plays and relentless defensive efforts. Jomari Oscales anchored the team’s offensive ground to lead the first quarter, 20-15, despite the persistent efforts of Team Nega’s Mike Tan to keep his team within striking distance.

The heated battle raged in the second quarter as Team Nega’s Samuel Nadal sank a three-pointer to close the gap, but Gray Naman Yan’s marksman, Belleca, responded by making four blistering triples four minutes, pushing his team into a comfortable margin by halftime, 40-29.

“Basketball is not an individual sport, but a team sport. I helped set the tone inside the court, I let my game do the talking, motivating my teammates to do their best and win,” said Season 4 MVP, Belleca, emphasizing the importance of teamwork in their success.

The Grays carried the newfound momentum forward, as the Season 3 MVP Darren Avestrus controlled the pace in both ends of the game, leading the charge with his consistent jumper while holding the fort against the opposition’s attempts throughout the entire quarter, 59-47.

Despite efforts from Team Nega’s Regan Redita and John Antioquia II to spark a comeback, the Grays remain unshaken, sinking crucial shots to clinch the victory gold, where Avestrus’ stellar performance awarded his second Finals MVP Honors.

Reflecting on his first finals victory, Team Captain Steven Belleca hopes to repeat their championship success by continuing to let presence shake the league, sharing the future he envisioned with bond and chemistry between their team throughout their historic season.

“Hopefully,

Ozone Glide Damasing

Jhan Eroh Nocillado

Bono Ferrer

Bono Ferrer

Illustration by: Sachi Cordial

AGAINST THE AIR. Darren Avestruz, 31, from Batch Zephyrus, towers over his opponent

attempt during the Naguenian Alumni Basketball League’s Championship Game at TriShot Gymnasium, Naga City, on August 24, 2024. (Photo by Venice Niosco)