First Steps on the Moon Level J

First Steps on the

Moon Written by Jenny Feely WorldWise

WorldWise

™

Content-based Learning

WorldWise

Content-based Learning

First Steps on the Moon Social Studies

Informational text type: Report Level: J (18) Word count: 514 C3 Social Studies Outcomes: Grade 1 • D2.His.1.K-2 Create a chronological sequence of multiple events.

• D2.His.3.K-2 Generate questions about individuals and groups who have shaped a significant historical change.

Key concepts • The moon landing was a momentous event in history.

• Neil Armstrong, the first person to set foot on the moon, is a significant historical figure.

• A huge amount of human skill, knowledge, and ingenuity went into making the moon landing possible.

Text features • • • •

Chapter headings and sub-headings Quote Historical photographs with captions Glossary

Reading strategy • Summarizing © 2020 EC Licensing Pty Ltd. This work is protected by US copyright law, and under international copyright conventions, applicable in the jurisdictions in which it is published. All rights reserved. The trademark “Flying Start to Literacy” and Star device is a registered trademark of EC Licensing Pty Ltd in the US. The trademark “WorldWise Content-based Learning” and Star device is owned by EC Licensing Pty Ltd. Purchasers of this book may have certain rights under applicable copyright law to copy parts of this book. Purchasers must make the necessary enquiries to ascertain whether, and to what extent, they have any such right in the jurisdiction in which they will be using the book.

Photographs on cover, p.1, p.2, p.4, p.4-5, p.5, p.6, p.8, p.10, p.11, p.13 (l), p.14, p.15, p.16, p17, p.19 © NASA; p.7 (t) © Keith Homan | Shutterstock, (l) © ROMAN KALISHCHUK | Shutterstock, (r) © Luis Louro | Shutterstock; p.9 © Richard Thornton | Shutterstock; p.12 © mkarco | Shutterstock; p.13 (r) © colaimages | Alamy Stock Photo; p.18 © Keystone Press | Alamy Stock Photo While the publisher has made every effort to acknowledge copyright holders, any omissions should be emailed in the first instance to info@ecpublishing.com.au, including all details for appropriate acknowledgement at the next reprint. * Levels indicated by letters are Okapi’s unique measurements, comparable to the Guided Reading levels of Fountas and Pinnell. Numerical levels in parentheses align with DRA.

Developed by Eleanor Curtain Publishing Printed and bound in China through Colorcraft Ltd, Hong Kong Distributed in the USA by Okapi Educational Publishing Inc. Phone: 866-652-7436 Fax: 800-481-5499 Email: info@myokapi.com www.myokapi.com www.worldwise-reading.com ISBN: 978-1-76095-876-3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 21 22 23 24 25

okapi educational publishing

First Steps on the Moon

WorldWise

Written by Jenny Feely

WorldWise

™

Content-based Learning

Contents Introduction 4 Chapter 1 A small step for a boy Learning to fly Chapter 2 The next step

6 8

10

Neil’s first space flight

11

The challenges

12

Chapter 3 A giant leap The journey begins

14 16

Conclusion 18 Glossary 20

Introduction We leave footprints everywhere we go.

The wind blows them away.

4

But there is one footprint that will never blow away. It was made when the first person stepped onto the moon. And it is still on the moon’s surface today.

5

Chapter 1

A small step for a boy When Neil Armstrong was six years old, he went on his first ride in an airplane.

He loved flying, and decided then that he wanted to be an airplane pilot.

6

Neil Armstrong’s boyhood home

Neil loved everything about planes. He made model planes and learned everything he could about how they worked.

7

Learning to fly When Neil was 14, he started taking flying lessons. By the time he was 16, he had his pilot’s license.

Neil Armstrong as a navy pilot in 1951

8

After Neil left college, he joined the navy as a jet pilot. He flew jet planes in many places around the world.

But Neil wanted a bigger challenge.

He wanted to explore space.

9

Chapter 2

The next step In 1962, Neil Armstrong was selected to work for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and he began training to be an astronaut.

10

Neil Armstrong returns to Earth in the Gemini 8 spacecraft

Neil’s first space flight After four years, Neil Armstrong became captain of the Gemini 8 spacecraft. He made his first flight through space, flying all the way round Earth before coming back safely.

But the bigger challenge was to fly to the moon and to land on it!

11

The challenges The moon is a long way from Earth.

A large and powerful spacecraft was needed to get there. This spacecraft had to fly safely all the way to the moon and back, but it could not land on the moon.

A smaller craft, called a lunar module, would be used to land on the moon.

12

Landing on the moon would be difficult.

There is no oxygen or gravity on the moon.

Special equipment was needed so that the astronauts could breathe while they were out of the spacecraft.

g ong trainin tr s rm A

il e N on to the mo for his trip

13

Chapter 3

A giant leap The people at NASA worked on all of these problems. They sent rockets into space to find out more about space, and they did tests to work out how humans could survive in space.

After all the tests had been completed, a powerful rocket, named Apollo 11, was built to fly three astronauts to the moon.

A smaller lunar module named Eagle was also built to land the astronauts on the moon.

14

15

The journey begins Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin (“Buzz”) Aldrin, were the astronauts chosen to fly Apollo 11.

The flight through space took four days to reach the moon.

Once there, Michael Collins, stayed on Apollo 11 and flew it around the moon. Armstrong and Aldrin left Apollo 11 and flew Eagle down to the surface of the moon. They landed on the moon on July 20, 1969.

16

“The Eagle has landed,” was the message that went around the world on this day.

17

Then Neil Armstrong stepped out of the lunar module. “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind,” he said as he stepped down to make the first footprint ever on the moon.

18

Conclusion There is no wind on the moon, so that first footprint on the moon has not been blown away.

It was indeed “a giant leap for mankind.”

19

Glossary astronaut a person who is trained to travel into space gravity the force that pulls things towards Earth license legal approval to do something, such as drive a car or fly a plane lunar module a small spacecraft used to carry astronauts from a main spacecraft to the moon and back again mankind all humans oxygen a gas in the air that we breathe to keep us alive

20

Guided Reading Levels

Next Generation Science

C3 Social Studies

Level E (8)*

Seeds on the Move

When I Was Sick

Wings

Who Is First?

Looking at the Sky Hear This!

Level F (10)*

Eyes

Parades

Amazing Plants

Saving Up

Using Color Wheels Level G (12)*

Animal Close-Ups

The Land Around Us

The Right Feet

Classroom Animals

Looking in Mirrors Summer Days, Winter Days Level H (14)*

In the Treetops

Saving Water

Dangerous Plants

The Children’s Farm

Hungry, Cold, or Scared Weird and Wonderful Sea Animals Level I (16)*

Amazing Sea Lizards

Helping Helena

Mushrooms and Toadstools

Old Cans and Cars

Shark Attack!

Alike but Different Level J (18)*

Looking After Their Young

First Steps on the Moon

How Spiders Catch Their Food

Saving Our Rivers

Tunnels Shadows and Shade * Levels indicated by letters are Okapi’s unique measurements, comparable to the Guided Reading levels of Fountas and Pinnell. Numerical levels in parentheses align with DRA.

WorldWise: Content-based learning | Level: J (18) Next Generation Science

C3 Social Studies

okapi educational publishing