Eternal Security of the Believe

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(Eternal Security of the Believer)

by Douglas Hammett P-1

Translated in Burmese - 2009

Copyright 2002 Revised 2008 This book is copyrighted only to protect the author’s right to his own work.

Any part of this work may be quoted without the author’s permission.

All he asks is that proper credit be given and it be taken in context.

2 P-2

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3 P-3

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4

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6

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90 P-7

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

odYk a&mufaomol jzpfygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfukd ,HMk unfaomolwo Ykd nf ysupf ;D jcif;odrYk a&muf[k þor®m usr;f pmxJü bk&m;ocif rdeaYf wmfr\ l / xkt d &mrSm tvGecf idk v f x kH ad &mufaom txl;jyKazmfjy csujf zpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfu ]]rysupf ;D Ekid }f } odrYk [kwf ]]rysupf ;D &}} odrYk [kwf ]]ysupf ;D Ekid zf , G f r&S}d } [lí rdeaYf wmfrjl cif;r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfu ]]b,faom tcgrQ ysufpD;jcif;odkYra&muf&}} [k rdefYawmfrlygonf/ odkYjzpfí u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaom vlwpfa,mufonf xkdu,fwif jcif;udk qHk;½IH;Ekdifonf[k ajymqdkjcif;rSm bk&m;ocifonfrkomjzpfonf[k ac:qkjd cif;jzpfygonf/ xko d aYkd jymqdjk cif;rSm tvGef tEÅ&m,f&í dS qd;k &Gm; vSaomt&mjzpfygonf/ ]]igay;aoma&udk aomufaomolru l m;? a&iwfjcif;ESihf tpOfrjywf uif;vGwfvdrfhrnf/ igay;aoma&onf xdkolü xm0& touf&Sifjcif;tvkdiSg xGufaom prf;a&jzpfvdrfhrnf[k rdefYawmfrl\/}} (a,m 4;14) a,½Iay;vSLawmfrlaom þtoufprf;a&udk aomufaom olwdkYonf xm0& touf twGuf a&iwfjcif; b,faomtcgrQ r&Sdawmhyg/ uRefawmfu,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdNyD;aemuf xm0& touftwGuf wpfzef a&iwfjcif; b,faomtcgrQ r&Sdawmhyg/ xdktcsdefüyif uRefawmfvdkorQ aomt&mcyfodrf;wdkYudk &&SdcJhygonf/ olwdkY[m u,fwifjcif;&&SdMuyg&JUvm; [kqkdNyD; tpOftNrJpdk;&drf vsuf ajy;vTm;aeaomolwo Ykd nf {ueftrSef qH;k ½I;H oGm;Ekid Mf uygonf/ oifonf þxm0&touf prf;a&udk aomufaomtcg? oifonf b,faomtcgrQ wpfzef a&iwfjcif;r&Sd&[k or®musrf;pmu qkdxm;ygonf/ ]]igtrSeftuefqdkonfum;? ighpum;udkem;axmifí ighudkapvTwfawmfrlaomoludk ,HkMunfaomolonf xm0& toufudk &onfjzpfí tjypfpD&ifjcif;udk rcH&/ aojcif;rS touf&Sifjcif;odkY ul;ajrmufaom oljzpf\/}} (a,m 5;24)

tcef; (1) xm0&vHNk cKH rI\ ta&;Bu;D rI xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf tb,faMumifh tvGef ta&;yg& oenf;/ þae&mü taMumif;&if; wpfcsKUd wdYkukd ay;xm;ygonf/

bk&m;ocif\ bkefawmfxif&Sm;apjcif; xm0&vHkNcHKrIonf ta&;BuD;ygonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf xdt k &monf bk&m;ocif \ bke;f awmfux kd if&mS ;apygonf/ aus;Zl;awmf udk vuFmwpfckuJhodkY rSwfxm;Edkifygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ <u,f0jcif;? c&pfawmfüjynfhpHk\/ bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfrSm ukd,fawmfonf igwdt Yk m; tcrJh ay;vSLaomt&m? igwdv Yk yk t f m;jzifh r&Edik af omt&m wpfckjzpfygonf/ wpfenf;qdak omf uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;rSm vuf0g;uyfwidk f ay:ü c&pfawmf vkyaf qmifcNhJ y;D aomt&maMumifh tcrJah y;vSL&&Sjd cif; jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf ESpjf cif;toif; om;wpfO;D jzpfjcif;? aumif;jrwf aomoljzpfjcif;? bk&m;&Scd ;kd ausmif;odYk oGm;jcif;? ESpjf cif;r*Fvm udck jH cif;? uRefawmf\ aiGaMu;rsm;udk tvSLaiG tdwfxJwGif xnfhjcif;tm;jzifh bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfvmjcif;r[kwfyg/ um&meD awmifukef;ay:&Sd vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:wGif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrljcif; aMumifo h mvQif uReaf wmf[m bk&m;ocif\om; jzpfvm &ygonf/ u&meD awmifukef;ay:&Sd vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü bk&m;ocif\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;onf wpf0uf wpfysuo f m u,fwifjcif; ay;awmf rlonf r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfonf trIukd rNy;D ajrmufyJ useí f rxm;cJyh g/ udk,fawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:wGif taocHawmfrlaom tcg ud, k af wmf\ aus;Zl;awmfonf xif&mS ;vQu&f cdS yhJ g\/ ud, k af wmfonf uRefawmf\ twdwfu tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;udkom cGifhvTwfawmfrlonf 8

89 P-8

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmf\ ypöKyeÜ f umvESihf tem*wfumv ü&Sad om tjypfrsm; tm;vH;k wdu Yk ykd g cGiv hf w T af wmfr\ l / odjYk zpfí xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g' xJwGif bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfonf xif&Sm;vsuf &Sdygonf/ tu,fí uReaf wmfu vlwpfa,mufonf wpfaeYwiG f u,fwif jcif;udk&&Sdí tjcm;aomaeYwGif qHk;½HI;oGm;Edkifonfudk ,HkMunfygu c&pfawmf\ vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:wGif jyKawmfrcl ahJ om trIonf rjynfph kH rvHkavmufyg [lí ,HkMunfjcif;omjzpf\/ tu,fí uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;twGuf vdt k yfaomt&mrsm;udk a,½Ic&pfawmfu Ny;D jynfph kH atmif rvkyaf qmifEikd [ f k uReaf wmf ,HMk unfygvQi?f ud, k af wmfjyKaom trIxüJ wpfpw kH pfcu k kd uReaf wmfxyf xnf&h ygrnf/ xdo k aYkd om uReaf wmf onf udk,fawmf\aus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf;xif &Sm;ap&rnfh tpm; uReaf wmf\ tusirhf sm;udo k m xif&mS ;aprnf jzpf\/

]]bk&m;ocifonf rkomqdkwm jzpfEkdifonf}} xm0& vHkNcHKrIudk jiif;y,faomvlwpfa,muftwGuf bk&m; ocifonf rkomajymqdw k m jzpfEikd o f nf[k olwo Ykd abmwlMu\/ ]]rkomESifh uif;pifawmfrlaom bk&m;ocifonf? a&S;uyf umvra&mufrDS uwdxm;awmfrí l ? igwdu Yk kd u,fwifaom t&Sif bk&m;ocif\ ynwfawmf twdkif;? igü tyfxm;aom w&m;a[mjcif; tcGifh tm;jzifh awmfavsmaf om tcsed üf / EIwu f ywf w&m; awmfukd xif&mS ;apawmfral om t&mESihf pyfqikd f aom xm0&toufudk arQmfvifhonfjzpfí bk&m;0wfü arGUavsmfjcif;ESifhqkdifaom or®mw&m;udk 0efcHjcif; tvdkiSg¤if;? bk&m;ocif a&G;aumufawmfrlaom ol w k d Y \ ,H k M unf j cif ; tvd k i S g ¤if ; ? bk & m;ocif \ uRew f nf;[laom? a,½Ic&pf\ wrefawmf jzpfaom igaygvkonf/}} (wdwk 1;1-2) bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; xm0& toufay;&ef uwday;awmf rl\/ udk,fawmfonf xkdt&may:ü rkomrajymEkdifyg/ oifonf EIwfuywfawmfay:ü ,HkMunfpdwfcsEkdifygonf/ xm0&toufESifh oufqidk í f bk&m;ocifonf rkomrajymEkid af Mumif;udk igwdaYk ocsmí ESpq f aom pdwcf sru I kd atmufygusr;f csuu f igwdt Yk m;ay;xm;ygonf/ ]]bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfukd ,HMk unfaomoltaygif;wdYk onf ysufqD;jcif;odkYra&muf? xm0& toufudk &apjcif;iSg? bk&m;ocifonf rdrüd wpfyg;wnf;aom om;awmfudk pGefYawmfrlonfwdkifatmif avmuDom; wdu Yk kd cspaf wmfr\ l /}} (a,m 3;16) rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H aomvlwpfa,mufonf ysupf ;D jcif;

xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmudk xif&Sm;ap\ azmfxkwfjyoyg\/ cspfjcif;arwåmudk ay;urf;jcif;jzifh xif&Sm;jyo&ygonf/ xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'u vlwpfa,mufonf wpfBudrf 'kwd, arG;jcif;udck &H ygu olonf xm0& umvwkid af tmif bk&m;ocif\om; jzpfNy[ D k qdx k m;ygonf/ uReaf wmfrh mS om;orD;av;a,muf&ydS gonf/ olw[ Ydk m rpHv k ifMurSe;f udo k ad omfjim;vnf; olwt Ykd m;vH;k udk uReaf wmfcspf ygonf/ uReaf wmfu h av;wdu Yk olwrYdk vkyo f ifah om t&mrsm;udk vkyMf u ygonf/ wpfcgwpf&H olwo Ykd nf pm;yGaJ y:odYk wpfcck u k kd ,dpk rd o hf eG ;f cs wwfMuygonf/ wpfcgwpf&H olwkdYonf ypönf;wpfcsKdUudk usKd;yJhapMu ygonf/ olwu Ykd rdu k rf aJ om t&mrsm;udk ajymqdw k wfMuygonf/ olwYkd udk,fwkdif\ trSm;aMumifhr[kwfaomfvnf; olwdkYonf wpfcgwpf&H zsm;emwwfMuygonf/ rMumcPqdkovdkyif vHk;0tqifrajyaom

88

9

bk & m;ocif \ cspf j cif ; arwå m ud k xif & S m ;apyg

P-9

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tcsed rf sm;ü jzpfwwfygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; uReaf wmf\om;orD;rsm;udk tarGjzwfawmufypfzkdY&ef b,fcsdefcgrSmrS vHk;0 rBuH&G,fcJhyg/ olwdkY vkyaf qmifaom t&mrsm;u jcm;em;rItvsO;f rjzpfapyg/ olwo Ydk nf tpOftNrJ uRefawmf\ om;orD;rsm;omjzpfaeMuygonf/ rdrw d \ Ykd om;orD;rsm;aMumifh tvGepf w d yf suv f suf tarGjzwfchJ Muaom rdbrsm;udk uReaf wmfoyd g onf/ wpfcsKUd u olw\ Ykd om;ord;wdrYk mS olwx Ykd rH S ESix f w k af Mumif;pmudk a&;om;cJMh uygonf/ olwu Ykd ]]ightrd u f kd b,fawmhrS xyfírvmygESifh}} [lí ajymqdkMuygrnf/ xkdt&mrSm uReaf wmf\om;orD;rsm; ay: vkyaf qmif&ef b,faomtcgrQ r&nf&, G f aom t&mjzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonfvnf; xku d o hJ yYkd if jzpfygonf/ udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhtm; ol\rdom;pkxJodkY vufcHxm;&Sdawmf rlaomtcg uReaf wmfonf tpOftNrJ ud, k af wmf\ rdom;pk0if jzpf&rnf [laom uwdukd ud, k af wmfjyKcyhJ gonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf tueft Y owfr&Syd g/ ]]tu,fí oifonf þvdiI ;f ay:odYk ausmw f ufvm ygu oifonf ig\rdom;pk0ifr[kwaf wmhyg}}[lí ud, k af wmfred aYf wmf rljcif;r&Scd yhJ g/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf xm0&vHNk cKH rüI xif&mS ; cJyh gonf/ uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif;odaYk &muf&dSNy;D aemuf rMumcPqdo k vdk tjypfvyk rf cd ahJ omfvnf; uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif;odYk ra&mufrDS cspaf wmfrl ouJhodkY bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfhudk cspfawmfrlyg\/ xdkt&mrSm bk&m;ocifü &Sdaom cspfjcif;arwåmyifjzpfygonf/

xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrljcif;udk wdkif;xGmay;ygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf (at'D - 30)cefY0ef;usifü taocHawmfrlcJhygonf/ uRefawmfonf (1953) ckESpfwGif arG;zGm;cJh ygonf/ xdkt&mrSm a,½Ic&pfawmf zGm;jrifawmfrlNyD;aemuf tESpf (1900) MumcJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ a,½I taocHawmfrlpOf uRefawmf\

jyefvnfxu G cf mG &rnfh wpfcw k nf;aomvrf;rSm aojcif;om jzpfygonf/ tb,fah Mumifq h adk omf igwdaYk rG;zGm; vm&aom b0rSm ysupf ;D Ekid af om b0 jzpfygonf/ þb0rSm aojcif;jzifo h m tpOftNrJ ed*;kH csKy&f ygonf/ vlwpfa,mufonf 'kwd, arG;jcif;udk cH&aomtcg? bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxJodkY arG;vm&jcif; jzpfygonf/ olwdkYonf xm0&toufudk vufcH&&Sd Muygonf/ xm0&toufrSm touf&Sifjcif; wpfckwnf;om r[kwfyg/ touf&Sifjcif;\ t&nf taoG;vnf;jzpfygonf/ ]]bk&m;ocifonf rnfonfhtcsnf;ESD;jzpfjcif;udkrQ tm;ay;vIHYaqmfrI rjyKyg}} [laom tqdu k kd oifMum;bl;ygovm;/ bk&m;ocifay;awmfral om 0dnmOfa&; qkid &f m xm0& toufrmS nHzh si;f ,kwn f rHh vmEkid af om t&nftaoG; &Syd gonf/ xkt d &mrSm atmufoYkd xk;d usomG ;jcif; r&SEd idk yf g/ xkt d &monf rdrdwefckd;udk rqHk;½IH;Ekdifyg/ xkdt&monf rdrdwwfEkdifaom pGrf;&nf okdYr[kwf t&nftaoG;udk rqHk;½IH;Ekdifyg/ xkdt&mrSm qufvufí touf&iS af om b0touf jzpfygonf/ þtoufonf b,faomtcgrQ raoEkid o f nfjzpfí uReaf wmf onf 0dnmOfa&;qdik &f mü raoEkid yf g/ odjYk zpfí? uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½I;H oGm;ygu uReaf wmfonf 'kw, d arG;jcif; rcH&aomolom jzpfygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &mrSm rjzpfEidk af omt&mwpfck jzpfygonf/ oifonf bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxJodkY 0dnmOfa&;qdkif&mü arG;vmaomtcg? oifonf rarG;aomol rjzpfEidk yf g/ uk, d u f m,ydik ;f qkid &f mü arG;zGm;vm aomvlwpfa,mufonf rarG;cJhaomol rjzpfEkdifouJhodkY jzpfygonf/ ud, k u f m,ydik ;f qkid &f m toufxu G cf mG jcif;rSm aojcif;enf;vrf; wpfck om jzpfygonf/ olwo Ydk nf wpfzefjyefusKUH 0ifum olw\ Ykd rdcifu, kd 0f ef xJoYkd jyefí r0ifomG ;Ekid Mf uyg/ vlwpfa,muf[m udk,fum, odkYr[kwf 0dnmOfa&;qkdif&mü rarG;aom oljzpfEidk o f nf[k ajymqdjk cif;rSm &,fp&maumif;aomt&m wpfckom jzpfygonf/

10

87

c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrljcif;udk wkdif;xGmjcif;

P-10

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

odaYk omfvnf; olt Y oufukd rxd&yg/ uRefawmf\ bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfhtm; ajzmifhrwfaom oljzpfNy[ D k aMumfjimawmf rl\/ i&Jü&Sad om raumif;rIrsm;tm;vH;k wdo Yk nf olwYkd tvk&d o dS rQtm;vH;k udk us,af vmifpmG tlMuygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; ol w d k Y o nf uRef a wmf h b k & m;ocif \ tqk d j yKcsuf E S i f h wef c k d ; ud k b,faomtcgrQ atmifEidk Mf uvdrrhf nfr[kwyf g/ bk&m;ocifu Doug Hammett onf ajzmifr h wf\[k rdeaYf wmfral omtcg? Doug Hammett onf ajzmifrh wf\[lí oifa&;rSwf Ekid yf gonf/ tu,fí vlwpfa,mufu olw\ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H Ekid o f nf [k ,HMk unfygu bk&m;ocifonf tjcm;aomvlwt Ykd m; vkyaf qmif&ef wm;jrpfxm;aomt&mudk jyKawmfrl\[lí ajymqkdMujcif;jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf olwt Ykd m; ajzmifrh wfapawmfrNl y;D onfh aemufyikd ;f ü rdrd a&G;aumufaomolwdkYudk ñTefMum;awmfrlygrnf/

arG;aeY[m tem*wfwiG &f ydS gao;\/ aemufq;kH wGif (1971)ckEpS üf bk&m; ocifonf uRefawmfhpdwfESvHk;xJodkY 0ifawmfrlcJh&m? uRefawmfh tjypf rsm;onf aq;aMumjcif;odYk a&muf&o dS mG ;cJ&h ygonf/ (1953 rS 1971) ckEpS x f d uReaf wmf jyKco hJ rQaom tjypfrsm;onf taoG;awmfxüJ ESpx f m; vsuf&Sdygonf/ c&pfawmf taocHawmfrlaomtcg udk,fawmfonf xdktjypfrsm; tm;vHk;wkdYtwGuf taocHawmfrlcJhygonf/ xdktcsdefü þtjypfrsm;rSm tem*wfwiG f &Syd gao;aomfvnf; ud, k af wmfonf xkd tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;twGuf taocHawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmfu,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS NhJ y;D aemuf uReaf wmftjypfjyKrd aom xdt k jypfu uReaf wmft h m; ab;tEÅ&m,fjzpfapí bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfEiS hf cspjf cif;arwåmudk qH;k ½I;H aponf[í l ,HMk unf aomolrsm; &Syd gonf/ xdt k &monf jzpfEidk o f nf[k olw, Ykd MkH unfMuygonf/ wpfcsKUd aom tcsuüf t,l0g' azmufjyefjcif; (odrYk [kw)f bk&m;ocif xHrS ta0;odo Yk mG ;jcif;? bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmESihf a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;\ csnaf ESmifrrI sm;udk ausmv f eG o f mG ;Edik o f nf[k olwYkd ,HkMunfMuygonf/ xkdtjypfonf uRefawmfhtm; wpfenf;enf;jzifh acsmufurf;yg;xJodkYwGef;csum uRefawmf\u,fwifjcif; qHk;½IH;oGm;yg vdrfhrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; uReaf wmf\bk&m;ocifonf cyford ;f aomt&mrsm; tm;vHk;wdkYxuf BuD;jrwfawmfrlyg\/ udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhudk u,fwifawmfrlcJhonf omru vHkNcHKpGm apmifhxdef;awmfrlygonf/ uReaf wmfu,fwifjcif;odYk ra&mufrSD uReaf wmf\ tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k rSm c&pfawmf\taocHawmfrjl cif;onf tem*wfwiG &f ydS gao;\/ (1971) ckESpfrS ,ckypöKyÜef umvxd uRefawmf\ tjypfrsm;onf c&pfawmf taocHawmfrcl phJ Of tem*wfwiG f &Syd gao;\/ uReaf wmfarG;onfh aeYrS pí ,ck ypöKyÜefumvxd uRefawmf\ tjypfrsm;twGuf c&pfawmf ay;qyfawmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ od&Yk mwGif aemifEpS cf gwGif uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif; qHk;EdkifrqHk;&HI;Ekdifonfudk uRefawmf b,fvdkodEdkif&rnf

]]arG;zGm;cJhNyD;aom vlwpfa,mufonf jyefírarG;zGm;Ekdif}} xm0&vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,fzaYkd omvltwGuf arG;zGm;cJh Ny;D jzpfaom vlwpfa,mufonf jyefírarG;zGm;Ekid f [lí olwo Ykd abmjcif; wlnMD u\/ ]]a,½Iu? 'kwdarG;jcif;udk rcHaomol rnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfukd rjrif&[k igtrSet f uef qko d nf[k jyefí rdeaYf wmfr\ l /}} (a,m[ef 3;3)

]]a,½Iuvnf;? a&ESihf 0dnmOfawmf rarG;aomol rnf onfum;? bk&m;ocif\ EkdifiHawmfodkY r0if&[k igtrSef tuefq\ kd / Zmwdyuwd arG;aomt&monf Zmwdyuwd jzpf\/ 0dnmOfawmfarG;aomt&monf 0dnmOfjzpf\/ 'kwd, arG;jcif;udk cH&rnf[k iga[m ajymonfukd tHMh ojcif;r&SEd iS /hf }} (a,m 3;5-7) vlwpfa,mufonf þb0 toufwmü wpfBurd af rG;vmcJyh gu 86

11 P-11

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

enf;/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vGecf ahJ om tESp(f 2000)cefüY taocHawmf rlcphJ Of ud, k af wmfonf (1953)ckEpS rf S ,ck ypöKyeÜ u f mvxd uReaf wmfjyKchJ aomtjypfrsm;twGufom aeY&ufwkdifatmif uRefawmfusL;vGef&rnfh tjypfrsm; tm;vH;k twGuyf g ud, k af wmftaocHawmfrcl jhJ cif;jzpfygonf/ igwko Yd nf rdrw d \ Ykd BuzH efaom tcsed u f mvxJoYkd ½du k o f iG ;f cJMh uygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ tjriftm;jzifrh [kwb f J igwk\ Yd tjriftm;jzift h &mrsm;udk MunfharQmfaeMuygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdif ay:ü taocHawmfrpl OfwiG f Doug Hammett \ twdwu f mv? ypöKyeÜ u f mv ESihf tem*wfumv tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k twGuf taocHawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ a,½I taocHawmfrlpOf xdktjypfrsm;tm;vHk;wdkYrSm tem*wfwGif&Sd aeao;onfjzpfaomfvnf; ud, k af wmfonf oufqidk af pawmfrcl yhJ g onf/ udk,fawmfonfjcm;em;jcif;udk jrifawmfrljcif; r&Sdyg/ xm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;udk wdik ;f xGm ay;ygonf/ oifonf wpfaeY u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufEikd o f nf/ aemuf wpfaeYwGif qHk;½HI;oGm;Ekdifonf[k ajymqdkaom vlwpfa,mufonf tu,fpifppf c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm rjynfph ?kH rvHak vmuf yg[k ajymqdkjcif;omjzpfygonf/ tjypfrsm;udk vTwfay;awmfrl&ef c&pfawmf\wefcdk;ESifh pGrf;aqmifEdkifjcif;onf rvHkavmufyg [laom t"dymÜ ,fukd oufa&mufapygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf ay;tyfawmfral om trIukd rNy;D ajrmufapcJyh g[k pGypf jJG cif; jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf tjypf rsm;tm;vH;k udk vTwaf wmfral Mumif; uReaf wmf\ or®musr;f pmu qdx k m; ygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:ü taocHawmf rlaomtcg uReaf wmf usL;vGecf o hJ rQaom tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k ESihf vGeu f sL; vmrnfh tjypfrsm; tm;vH;k twGuf ud, k af wmfay;qyfawmfrl aMumif;udk xm0& vHNk cKH ru I tmrcHxm;ygonf/ xm0&vHNk cKH ro I nf ud, k af wmf\ taocH awmfrljcif;udk uRefawmfhtwGuf wdkif;xGmay;ygonf/ udk,fawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;onf uReaf wmf\tjypfrsm;xufomí tvGeBf u;D rm; onfjzpfaMumif;udk xkt d &monf uReaf wmftm; ajymjyay;ygonf/

]]bk&m;ocif a&G;aumufawmfrlaom olwdkYudk tb,folonf tjypfwifrnfenf;/ ajzmifhrwf&mü wnfapaomolum;? bk&m;ocifaywnf;/ tjypfp&D if aomol u m; tb,f o l e nf ; / taocH í cH o nf omru? aojcif;rS jyef&iS í f bk&m;ocif\ vufsmawmf bufü aevsuf? igwdkYtzdkY qkawmif;aomolum; c&pfawmfaywnf;}}/ (a&m 8;33-34) bk&m;ocifonf pdeaf c:jcif; wpfcu k kd jyKawmfral Mumif; þusr;f csufu uRefawmfhtm; pOf;pm;apygonf/ uRefawmfuav; b0wGif? igwdo Yk nf tdref ;D em;csi;f ü &efo&l ydS gu? igwdo Yk nf vIid ;f wm;&ygonf/ olwt Ykd m; owå&d &dS if vIid ;f udk ausmv f myg[k qdyk gonf/ tu,fí olwu Ykd ausmv f mcJv h Qif igwdo Yk nf olwu Ykd kd ½ku d yf w k af v\/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf ajrjyifay:wGif vIid ;f a&;qGí J ausm0f hH olu ausmyf gap[k pdeaf c:awmfryl gvQi?f uReaf wmfonf ud, k af wmf\ om;jzpf a Mumif ; ud k , f a wmf xif & S m ;apawmf r l j cif ; jzpf y gonf / ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmft h m; ajzmifrh wfapawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmf[m uRefawmfhtm; ajzmifhrwf&efaMunmaomol jzpfyg\/ pmwef o nf xk d v I d i f ; ud k ausmf w uf & ef a&G ; cs,f v mygu bk&m;ocifonf olYudk ½kdufykwf awmfrl&ef tqifoifhjzpfaeygonf/ xk d t &mrS m a,mbtouf w mü jzpf y suf a omt&m jzpf y gonf / a,mbonf bk&m;ocifudk aMumuf&GHUí raumif;rIudk a&SmifMuOfcJh ygonf/ pmwefu bk&m;ociftm; ud, k af wmfonf olaY y:ü umuG,f ay;jcif;udk ½kwo f rd ;f awmfrv l Qif a,mbonf ud, k af wmft h m; tapcHrnf r[kwaf wmhyg[k qkcd yhJ gonf/ od&Yk mwGif bk&m;ocifonf xkx d ufomí tapcHvmrnfudk odjrifawmfrl\/ bk&m;ocifonf pmweftm; a,mb\toufwmxJü vkyyf ikd cf iG hf udk ay;awmfr\ l / odaYk omfvnf; a,mbtoufukd rxd&[laom vIid ;f udk a&;qGJxm;cJhygonf/ a,mbudk pHkprf;jyK&ef pmwef tcGifh&cJhygonf/

12

85 P-12

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þt&mrSm or®musr;f pmqkid &f m ppfreS af om tjypfvw T af wmfrl jcif;\ yHu k m;csyf jzpfyg\/ igwdo Yk nf vlom;rsm;taejzif?h vlwpfa,muf udk cGihfvTwfEdkifygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; olwdkY bmvkyfcJhonfudk igwdkY atmufarhEidk yf gonf/ xko d wd&jcif;rSm olwt Ykd m; tem*wfwiG f rnfoYkd n§O;f qJrnftaMumif;jzpfygonf/ okaYd omfvnf; xdt k &mrSm ppfreS af om cGiv hf w T jf cif; r[kwyf g/ cGiv hf w T jf cif;rSm uwdo;kH rsK;d ukd jzpfapygonf/ xdkt&mrsm;udk jyefvnf,laqmif vm&ef rdrdukd,fudk tcGifhray;&/ xkt d &mudk tjcm;aom wpfpw kH pfO;D ay:üvnf; oifu, kd w f ikd f ,laqmif vmjcif; tcGifhrjyK&/ xkdt&mudk oifhukd,fwkdifay:ü wpfzef jyefí ,laqmifvm&ef tcGifhray;&yg/ xkdt&mrSm or®musrf;pmü&Sdaom tjypfvw T jf cif; jzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdak omf bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd tjypfvw T af wmfro l nfjzpfí igwdo Yk nfvnf; rdrw d u Ykd kd qefu Y sif ykeu f efaomolwt Ykd m; cGiv hf w T Ef idk Mf u&ygrnf/ tu,fí oifonf tjcm; olwdkYudk cGifhrvTwfEkdifygu? oifonf u,fwifjcif; r&aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ tu,fí igwdo Yk nf u,fwifjcif;&ygu ud, k af wmfonf igwd\ Yk tjypfrsm;udk xyfí wpfzef atmufarhawmfrlvdrfhrnfr[kwfaMumif; bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrl\/ oifonf ,aeY u,fwifjcif;&Ekdif\/ eufjzefaeYwiG f qH;k ½I;H oGm;Ekid \ f [k ajymqkad om vlwpfa,muftwGuf bk&m;ocifu atmufarhawmfrrl[k rdeaYf wmfral omt&mudk bk&m;ocif jyefvnf atmufarhawmfrl rnf[k ajymqdak omol jzpfygonf/

,HkMunfoludk vIHYaqmfay;jcif; xm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf ,HMk unfo\ l b0toufwm xJü vHaYI qmf ay;aom rlvtaMumif;&if; jzpfvmygonf/ tu,fí uRefawmf\ b0toufwmxJü wpfcgwpf&H tjypfrsm;pGmudjk yKEikd Nf y;D ? xdt k jypfaMumifh bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmft h m; ud, k af wmf\ rdom;pkxrJ S ESix f w k af wmf rlrnf/ tarGjzwfawmufaprnf/ ausmcdik ;f oGm;rnfukd uReaf wmf ,HMk unf cJhygu uRefawmf\ c&pf,mef toufwmudk tapmydkif;uwnf;u pGev Yf w T o f mG ;Ny;D jzpfygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm; pdw"f mwf usqif;um vH;k 0 vufavQmo h mG ;ygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocifukd ausmcdik ;f um uk, d af wmftm; ta0;od<Yk uawmfryl g[k ajymqkyd grnf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ om;orD; &So d rQtm;vH;k wd\ Yk b0 toufwmudk ajymif;vJap&ef EdI;aqmfjcif;udk xkwfazmf ajymqdkzdkY uRefawmfonf þae&mü &Sdaeygonf/ uRefawmf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufaomtcg uReaf wmft h m; bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxo J Ykd vufcx H m;&Sd yg\/ tjypfusL;vGejf cif;onf uReaf wmft h m; bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk0if jzpfjcif;rS vH;k 0 rESix f w k Ef ikd yf g/ b,fawmhrv S nf; z,fxw k Ef ikd f vdrrhf nf r[kwyf g/ tjypfonf uReaf wmfb h 0 toufwmxJü xde;f xm;jcif;&Sad om tcsdefüyifvQif ]]uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifESifh qkdifawmfrl\}} [lí ,HkMunfpdwfcspGmjzifh xkwfazmf ajymqdkEdkifygrnf/ bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmfu h kd pGev Yf w T af wmfrrlaMumif; uReaf wmfoyd g\/ xm0& vHkNcHKrIu ,HkMunfol\ b0toufwmudk vIHYaqmfay; ygonf/ igwkdYonf aojcif;rS touf&Sifjcif;odkY ul;ajrmufaomtcg igwko Yd nf bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm; jzpfMuonfukd igwko Yd Md uygonf/ igwko Yd nf bk&m;ocifEiS hf qdik Mf uonfukd igwdYk odMuyg\/ igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmf\ om;orD;rsm; jzpfMuonfEiS t hf nD igwdo Yk nf ud, k af wmftm; auseyf ESpfoufawmfrlap&ef touf&SifMuzdkY tvdk &SdMuygrnf/ aumif;uifbükH &Sad wmfral om uReaf wmfh tzESihf qufo, G rf t I aMumif;udk

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13 P-13

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

uReaf wmf ajymqdjk cif;jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf uREyfk t f m; cspaf wmf rl\/ udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhtm; rdrd\rdom;pkxJrS tjyifodkY b,fawmhrS ESix f w k af wmfrv l rd rhf nf r[kwyf g/ uReaf wmfonf xdt k qdjk yKcsuu f kd &J0phH mG xkwaf zmfaomtcg xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd r,HMk unfaomolwu Ykd uReaf wmfu h kd rMumcP qdo k vdk tjypf vkyzf Ykd vdik pf ifukd zefw;D xkwv f yk af y;onf[k jypfwifajymqdMk uygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; oifonf wpfpw kH pfa,mufukd cspaf omtcg? olwo Ykd nf oifu h kd tvGecf spMf uí oifah y:ü ,HMk unfpw d cf sum oifu h kd *½kpu kd Mf u onfukd oifoyd gonf/ xkt d &mrSm olw\ Ykd arQmv f ifjh cif;xJü oifonf touf&iS zf &Ykd ef tvd&k jdS cif;udk oif\ pdw0f n d mOf twGi;f ydik ;f ü wpfpkH wpf&mvkyfaqmifjcif; jzpfygonf/ uRefawmf\ rdom;pk 'ku©a&muf onfukd uReaf wmftvdrk &Syd g/ odaYk omfvnf; aumif;uifbükH &Sad wmfral om uReaf wmfh tz 'kua© &mufonfukd uReaf wmfv;kH 0 tvdrk &Syd g/ odjYk zpfí uReaf wmf\ b0toufwmonf ud, k af wmft h m; ESpo f ufaus eyfap &efom touf&SifoGm;&ygvdrfhrnf/ igwko Yd nf or®musr;f pmxJü xm0& vHNk cKH rq I ikd &f m oGeo f ifjcif;udk Munfhaomtcg? urÇmOD;usrf;rS Asm'dwfusrf; odkYwkdifatmif zwfí þtaMumif;t&m ay:ü ajrmufrsm;pGmaom usrf;csufrsm;udk awGU&Sd Edik yf gonf/ þpmtkyx f üJ igwdo Yk nf xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd uGjJ ym;jcm;em; aom ½Iaxmifah v;rsK;d wkrYd S MunfMh u &ygrnf/ yxr? xm0& vHNk cKH rEI iS hf pyfvsO;f í crnf;awmf\ vkyaf qmif awmfrcl suu f kd igwkYd MunfMh u&ygvdrrhf nf/ xm0&vHNk cKH rüI crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf rnfonft h &mudk jyKawmfrl cJyh goenf;/ 'kw, d ? xm0&vHNk cKH rw I iG f om;awmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;udk igwdYk pOf;pm;qifjcifMu&ygvdrrhf nf/ xm0&vHNk cKH rüI a,½Ic&pfawmfonf rnfonfht&mudk vkyfaqmifawmfrlygoenf;/ wwd,? xm0& vHNk cKH rüI oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ tvkyu f kd igwdkY Munfh½IMu&ygvdrfhrnf/ xm0& vHkNcHKrI&Sdap&ef oefY&Sif;aom

þy#dnmOfrSm oHk;ydkif;&Sdygonf/ yxr? bk&m;ocifonf rdrd ynwfawmfudk a,½Ic&pf awmftm; u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunf ud;k pm;aom olw\ Ykd pdwEf v S ;kH xJü xm;awmfrv l rd rhf nf/ olonf wpfpkH wpfO;D tm; oufaocHjcif;trIukd jyKaom tajctaeü&SNd y;D ? tb,foYkd ajym&rnfudk rodbJ &SdaecJhzl;ygovm;/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif bk&m; ocifonf or®musrf;pmrS usrf;csufwpfckudk rSwfrdapawmfrlygrnf/ oifonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfukd a[majym&ygrnf/ oifonf tajctaewpfckxJü bk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmfudk ykdif;jcm;od&Sd&ef BuKd ;pm;cJb h ;l ygovm;/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf usr;f csuw f pfcu k dk oif\ pdwftm½HkxJodkY oGif;vmawmfrlNyD; oif\ qHk;jzwfcsufudk xda&mufrIay;cJhbl;ygovm;/ 'k w d , ? bk & m;ocif o nf rd r d ynwf a wmf u d k a,½I a y:ü ,HkMunfaom olwdkY\ pdwfESvHk; rsm;xJü oGif;ay;awmfrlygvdrfhrnf/ oifbmudk vkyo f ifo h nfukd od&ydS gvsuEf iS hf xdt k &mudk vkyaf qmif&ef qE´rygbJ&SdcJhbl;ygovm;/ xkdodkYjzpfygu ulnDrprItwGuf xm0& bk & m;ud k qk a wmif ; yg/ rS e f a omt&mud k oif v k y f a qmif E k d i f & ef ud, k af wmfonf oifu h kd cGet f m;ay;awmf rlygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf rSeu f ef aomt&mudk vkyaf qmif&ef qE´&EdS idk yf gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &mudk vkyaf qmifEidk af om t&nftcsi;f rSm bk&m;ocifxaH wmfrS vmygonf/ wwd,? rdro d m;awmftm; ,HMk unfu;kd pm;aomolw\ Ykd tjypfrsm;udk atmufarhawmfrv l rd rhf nfr[kwaf Mumif; bk&m;ocif uwdawmf&Sdyg\/ ud, k af wmfuarhawmfrv l rd [ hf k rdeaYf wmfrjl cif; r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfonf atmufarhawmfrlvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ uGJjym;jcm;em;rIudk oifodjrifyg ovm;/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmf\ tjypfrsm;udk atmuf arh&ef ud, k af wmfwikd f tcGiahf y;awmfryl gu? xdt k &mudk ud, k af wmf jyKEidk f yg\/ ud, k af wmfonf xdt k &mrsm;tm;vH;k udk tao;pdwpf m&if; jyKEidk yf g onf/ ud, k af wmfonf xdt k &mrsm;taMumif; tm;vH;k udk odawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfu, kd w f ikd f atmufarh&ef tcGijhf yKawmfrv l rd rhf nf r[kwyf g/

14

83 P-14

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a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ,Zf ylaZmfjcif;tm;jzifh xm0&umvpHkvifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu oGefoifxm;ygonf/ olwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ tjrifü umvtpOfpHkvifjcif; &SdMuyg\/ aemufwpfzef b,faomrS rpHv k ifjcif;odYk jyefíra&mufEidk yf g/ oifonf crnf;awmf bk&m;ocif\ a&SUawmfü &yfaeonfESifhtrQ? oifonf udk,fawmf\ tjrifü pHkvifaomol jzpfí tjcm;rnfonfht&mrQ rjzpfEkdifygaMumif; xif&Sm;ygonf/ ]]igonf atmufarhawmfrv l rd rhf nf r[kw[ f k ud, k af wmfred aYf wmf rlaom t&mudk bk&m;ocif atmufarhawmfryl grnf}}/ xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom vlwpfa,muf twGuf bk&m; ocifu igonf atmufarhawmfrrl[k rdeaYf wmfral omt&mudk bk&m; ocif atmufarhawmfrlonf[k olwdkYoabmwlnDMujcif;jzpfygonf/ ]]xdkokdYESifhtnD? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkYtm; oufaoay;awmfrlonfrSm/ aemifumv tcg olwdkYü igay;aom y#dnmOf w&m;[lrlum;? igxm0&bk&m;onf ighynwfwdkYudk olwdkYESvHk;xJrSm ay;oGi;f rnf/ olwpYkd w d 0f n d mOfay:rSm a&;xm;rnf[k txufu rdeaYf wmfrNl y;D rS wpfzefw?kH olwjYkd ypfrmS ;jcif;? vGeu f sL;jcif; trsK;d rsK;d udk ig ratmufarhbJ aernf[k vmownf;/ xdt k jypfwu Ykd kd vTwNf y;D vQif aemufwpfzef tjypfajzaom ylaZmfouúmudk jyKp&mtaMumif;r&Sd/ (a[NAJ 10;15-18) udk,fawmfonf rdrdvlrsKd;wdkYESifh y#dnmOfjyKrnf[k bk&m;ocif uwdawmf&\ dS / y#dnmOf [laom tqkjd yKcsuw f pfcjk zpfygonf/ oabm wlncD suv f nf; jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf y#dnmOfjyKawmfral omtcg oifonf xdt k &may:ü ,HMk unfpw d cf sr&I EdS idk yf gonf/ tb,f aMumifh qkad omf bk&m;ocifonf rdr\ d EIwu f ywfawmfukd tpOftNrJ apmifx h ed ;f awmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfü rkomtvsO;f r&Syd g/

0dnmOfawmfonf oifESifhtwl rnfodkYvkyfaqmifawmfrlygoenf;/ aemufq;kH taejzifh ,HMk unfo\ l xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom yk*Kd¾ vw f pfyg;\ tqkjd yKcsuf ajcmufcw k u Ykd kd igwkpYd Of;pm; qifjcifomG ;Mu &ygrnf/ *****

tcef; (2) crnf;awmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; crnf;awmfbk&m;ocifonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIü rnfonfht&mudk vkyfaqmifawmfrlygoenf;/ igwdkYonf wpfBudrf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufonfESifh tpOftNrJ udk,fawmf\om; jzpfMuonfhtaMumif;udk igwdkYtm; tmrcHay;onfh crnf;awmf vkyfaqmifawmfrlaomt&m oHk;rsKd;&Sdygonf/ igwdkYonf wpfBudrf bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfvmvQif tpOftNrJ bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfMuonfukd aocsmpdwcf sEikd yf gonf/ ]]bk&m;ocifudk cspfaomol wnf;[laom BuHpnf awmfrl jcif;twdik ;f ac:awmfral om olw\ Ykd tusKd ;udk cyford ;f aom t&mwdo Yk nf wnDwñGww f nf; jyKpMk u onfukd igwdo Yk Md u\/ bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfonf trsm;aom nDwdkYwGif om;OD; jzpfawmfrlrnf t aMumif;? bk&m;ocifonf a&S;rqGu odawmfrl aomolwu Ykd kd om;awmf\ yko H P²mefEiS Uf wnDwnf; jzpfapjcif;iSg a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfr\ l / xko d Ydk cGcJ efrY w S o f m;ESihf aom olwu Ykd v kd nf; ajzmifrh wf&mü wnf a pawmf r l \ / xk d o d k Y wnf a pawmf r l a om olwu Ykd v kd nf; cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l /}}

(a&mr 8;28-30)

82

15 P-15

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

c&pfawmf uJhodkjY zpf&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefY rSwfom;awmfrljcif;

igwdo Yk nf ocifb&k m;\ yGaJ wmfr*Fvmudk wap;rygaom rkeEYf iS hf pyspf & nf j zif h vk y f a qmif a omtcg? a,½I o nf wpf B ud r f o m taocHawmfrl\ [lí igwdkYajymqdkjcif; jzpfygonf/ udk,fawmf\ udk,fcE¨monf igwdkYtwGuf wpfBudrfcsKd;zJhawmfrljcif;cH&yg\/ taoG; awmfonfvnf; wpfBudrfoGef;avmif;awmfrl\/ odkYjzpfí igwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJh Muygonf/ igwdkYonf ocifbk&m;\ yGaJ wmfr*Fvmukd cH,Ml uonfwiG f umodv k pfrsm;u xkt d &monf ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ tom;ppfppfESifh taoG;ppfppf jzpfvmonf[k ,HkMunfMuouJhodkY igwdkYr,HkMunfMuyg/ tu,fí umodkvpfrsm; ,HMk unfouJo h Ykd jzpfvm ygu a,½Ionf tBurd Bf urd t f zefzef tao cHawmfryl gOD;rnfjzpf\/ xko d eG o f ifjcif;yg bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf ESifh wdkuf½kdufvTJrSm;aeygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ,Zfyal Zmfjcif;rSm igwdo Yk nf umvtpOftNrJ pHv k ifjcif;odYk a&mufap ygonf/ igwdo Yk nf a,½Ic&pfawmf\ pHv k ifjcif; odrYk [kwf jynfph jkH cif;odYk a&mufNy;D jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd Munfah omtcg? ud, k af wmfonf igwdt Yk m; wpfyikd ;f wpfpom u,fwifj cif;odYk a&mufaomol odrYk [kwf u,fwifjcif; &vke;D jzpfaomoltjzpf jrif a wmf r rl y g/ od k Y a omf v nf ; pH k v if j cif ; od k Y a &muf a omol t jzpf jrifawmfrl\/ igwdkYonf umvtpOftNrJ pHkvifjcif;odkY a&mufNyD;jzp faMumif; usrf;csufu qdkxm;ygonf/ igwdkY\ pHkvifjcif;rSm xm0& umvwdkifatmif &Sdaernfjzpf\/ tu,fí uReaf wmfonf wpfaeYwiG f u,fwifjcif;&í? aemuf wpfaeYwGif qHk;½IH;oGm;Edkifygu uRefawmfonf pHkvifjcif;rS rpHkvif jcif;odo Yk mG ;onf[k qkv d ydk gonf/ tu,fí or®musr;f pmu uReaf wmf onf xm0&umvwdkifatmif pHkvifjcif;odkY a&mufNyD;NyD[k qdkygu uRef a wmf o nf tb,f o d k Y a omtm;jzif h rpH k v if j cif ; od k Y jyef v nf a&mufoGm;Ekdifygrnfenf;/ vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;odaYk &mufaomtcg olwo Ykd nf

bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfawmfxüJ yg0ifco hJ nfh yxr tOD;qH;k aomt&mrSm igwdo Yk nf a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrjl cif;jzpfygonf/ þt&mrSm ajrmufrsm;pGmaom olwu Ykd oH;k EIe;f &ef oH;k pG&J ef aMumuf&UHG aeMuaom a0g[m&pum;vH;k wpfcjk zpfygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &mudk uReaf wmf\ or®musr;f pm xJü a&;om;xm;ygonf/ xkaYd Mumifh igwdo Yk nf xkt d &mudk em;vnfoabmaygufzYkd vdt k yfygonf/ xkaYd Mumifh a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrljcif;udk wpfcsKdUaomvlwdkYu aMumuf&GHU xdwfvefY &onfh taMumif;&if;rSm a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom; xm;awmfrljcif; taMumif;udk or®musr;f pmxJü {ueftrSef tb,foaYkd jymqdak eonfukd avhvm&ef tcsed f ray;Edik Mf uaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ a&S;rqGu cGcJ efY rSwfom;xm;awmfrljcif;udk wpfcsKdUaom vlwdkY\ pdwful; tBuHÓPf tm;jzifh r[kwfbJ bk&m;ocif tb,fodkY qdkvdkonfudk awGU&SdzdkY&ef olwkdYvdktyfaeygonf/ ]]a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;onf}} [laom a0g[m& pum;vH;k rSm ajrwdik ;f jcif;twwfynm wl&, d mrsm;ESihf xGuo f mG ;í v,fajrudk Munf½h I ppfaq;um trSwfa&;rSwfolrsm;tm;vHk;onf ajrjyifay:0,f xkdifcs vsu?f v,f,majre,ferd w d rf sm;udk owfrw S w f nfaxmifaom ajrwkid ;f pma&;udk yHkaqmifonfh a0g[m& pum;vHk;jzpfygonf/ ]]a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;onf a&S;rqGu odawmfro l nfh predestinate }} [laom a0g[m&pum;vH;k udk bk&m;ocif toH;k jyKawmfral omtcg ud, k af wmfu ]]igonfoifu h kd onft h &ifrw S o f m;awmfrcl NhJ y?D oif\ b0toufwm \ e,ferd w d rf sm;udk igwnfapawmfrNl y}D } [k ajymqdjk cif;jzpfygonf/ vlwo Ydk nf a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrjl cif;ESihf bk&m;ocif\ a&G;aumufawmfrjl cif;udk u,fwifjcif; tawGUtBuKH \ tp ueOD;ü xm;&S&d efBuKd ;pm;Muaomtcg ½Iyaf xG;vmMuí rSm;,Gi;f aom Mo0g’rsm;udk yHak zmfvmcJMh uygonf/ a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrjl cif;rSm u,fwif 16

81 P-16

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

xkv d rl mS wpfzefjyefí npfywfEidk o f nfh wpfcw k nf;aom enf;vrf;rSm jzLpifNy;D jzpfaom tjypftwGuf wpfenf;enf;jzifh ol\touf wmxJü jyefvnfxm;&Sjd cif;om jzpfygonf/ xdo k [ l m jyefvnfí rjzLpifap&ef pmwef xnfx h m;aomtjypfrsm;om jzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf tnpftaMu;rsm;rS jzLpifNyD; jzpfygu xkdtnpftaMu;rsm;tm;jzifh wpfzef jyefí npfywfaomenf;vrf;r&Sdyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwdkYtjypftm;vHk;udk jzLpifapawmfrlcJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ xkdtjypfrsm;udk igwdkYay:ü jyefí rwifEkdifawmhyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf taocHawmfrljcif;ü ryg0ifaom rnfonfh tjypfrS uReaf wmfh b0ü r&Scd b hJ ;l yg/ aemifvnf; &Sv d rd rhf nf[w k yf g/ odjYk zpfaom aMumifh tu,fí ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmft h m; xkt d jypfrsm;tm;vH;k wdrYk S uRefawmfhudk jzLpifapawmfrlvQif? uRefawmfonf rjzLpifjcif;odkY ra&muf o G m ;Ek d i f y g/ xk d t jypf r sm;ud k uRef a wmf h a y:od k Y jyef í rwifxm;Ekdifyg/ ]]xm0&pHv k ifjcif;odYk a&mufaom olwpfa,mufonf rpHv k ifjcif; odYk jyefvnfa&muf&dS jcif;rSm jzpfEidk yf gonf}} xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom vlwpfa,muf twGuf xm0& pHv k ifjcif;odaYk &mufaomvl wpfa,muf wpfzefjyefvnfí rpHv k ifjcif;odYk a&mufEidk o f nfukd oabmwlMuygonf/ ]]taMumif ; rl u m;? pif M u,f a omol w d k Y o nf xm0&pHkvif jcif;tusKd;udk &apjcif;iSg? wpfcgwnf; ylaZmfjcif;tm;jzifh jyKawmfrl\/}} (a[NAJ 10;14) c&pfawmfonf rdru d , kd w f ikd t f m;jzifh vuf0g;uyfwikd af y:ü ,Zf ylaZmfjcif;jzifh igwdkYudk pHkvifapawmfrlcJhyg\/ udk,fawmfonf igwdkY tjypfrsm;vTwzf &Ykd ef ,Zfyal Zmfjcif;wpfcu k o kd m jyKawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xdw k pf Burd af om ,Zfyal Zmfjcif;onf vkt d yfrt I m;vH;k udk jynfph akH pawmfrNl y;D jzpf í ud, k af wmfonf vuf0g;uyfwikd af y:ü tBurd Bf urd f taocHawmfr&l ef rvdkawmhygaMumif; or®musrf;pmü &Sif;vif;pGm azmfjyxm;ygonf/

jcif;\ tpdwt f ydik ;f wpfck r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm oif u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&SdNyD; aemufydkif;üom oif\toufwmxJü aemufqHk; bk&m; ocif vkyfaqmifawmfrlaom t&mjzpfNyD;? oifhtm; bk&m;ocif\ yHkoP²mefawmf xJü zefqif;awmfrlaom ol\ yHkoP²mefawmfESifh wlatmif txl;jyKjyifí rSwo f m;xm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrcl ahJ om olwrYkd mS bk&m;ociftm;jzifh a&S;rqGu od&Sdxm;ESifhNyD;aom olrsm;jzpfMuygonf/ ukefvGefcJhaom xm0&umvü bk&m;ocifonf þavmuBuD;udk zefqif;awmfrl jcif;r&Srd DS tem*wfukd Munfjh rifjcif;iSg wwfprG ;f Edik af wmfrí l olwx Ykd o H Ykd u,fwifjcif;\ {0Ha*vdw&m;awmfukd a0iS a[majymaomtcg a,½I c&pfawmfukd rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwif&iS t f jzpf rnfow l u Ykd ,HMk unf vufcH Murnfukd ud, k af wmfonf odjrifEikd af wmfrcl yhJ gonf/ BuKd wifí odjrif awmfrljcif;\ tajccHay:ü udk,fawmfonf c&pfawmfudk rdrdwdkY\ u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunfvufcHvmMurnfh a,mufsm;? rdef;rESifh uav;oli,f &SdorQ tm;vHk;wdkY\ toufwmrsm;udk a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmfonf xdo k w l \ Ykd b0toufwm rsm;udk BuKd wifí rSwo f m;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xkaYd Mumifh olwrYdk mS bk&m; ocif\ yHkoP²mefawmf xJodkY topfwpfzef jyKjyifjcif;odkY a&muf&Sd cJhMuygonf/ þt&monf xm0&vHkNcHKrIü tb,fokdY vkyfaqmifygoenf;/ cyf o d r f ; aomt&mud k vk y f a qmif y gonf / c&pf a wmf u d k rd r d w k d Y \ u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunf vufcHrnfh olwdkYudk bk&m;ocifonf a&S;rqGu odjrifawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xko d w l rYkd mS ud, k af wmfu a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrcl ahJ omolrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ ud, k af wmfü tBut H pnf awmf&ydS grnf/ xkt d But H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f rSm xdo k w l \ Ykd b0toufwm Ny;D jynfph akH omtcg a,½Ic&pfawmf\ yHo k P²mefawmf uJo h Ykd bk&m;ocif a&SUü ay:xGef;vmMuygvdrfhrnf jzpf\/ bk&m;ocifonf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJhNyD;aom yk*d¾Kvf

80

17 P-17

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

&SdorQwkdYudk tmrcHxm;cJhygonf/ odkYjzpfí olwkdYonf aemufqHk;wGif a,½Ic&pfawmf uJo h Ykd jzpfMuygvdrrhf nf/ igwk\ Yd teEÅwefc;kd &Sif bk&m; ocif udk,fawmfwdkifxHrS tmrcHcsufudk &&Sdxm;Muygonf/ odkYjzpfí udk,fawmfonf igwkdY\ b0toufwmudk þ&nf&G,fcsuftwGuf xm;&Sdawmfrlygonf/ ukd,fawmf\ tBuHtpnfESifh &nf&G,fcsufrSm ysufjym;oGm; vdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ xdkt&mrSm acwåcPwGif igwdkY\ ykefuefrIaMumifh ab;ücsxm;jcif; odkYr[kwf usqif;jcif;&SdEdkifygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf igwdkYtm; ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ yHo k P²mefawmfxo J Ykd nDñw G af p&ef rdrt d But H pnfawmftwdik ;f vdu k yf g oGm;apygvdrfhrnf/ vlonf rdrad &G;cs,o f nft h wkid ;f pDru H ed ;f rsm;udk vkyEf idk yf gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf xkt d &mudk jynfph akH p&eftcGihf ay;awmf rrlvQif vl\pDrHudef;rsm;onf jynfhpHkvmvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ bk&m; ocifonf oif\ b0toufwmESifh uRefawmfh b0toufwmü ud, k af wmf\ &nf&, G cf surf mS igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmftm; ½dak oav;jrwf jcif;? cs;D rGr;f jcif;ESihf bke;f awmfxif&mS ;apjcif;udk ,laqmifvmMu&rnf jzpfygonf/ odkYjzpfí igwkdYtm; a,½I c&pfawmf\ yHkoP²mefESifh wlnDap&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrlcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmft& xm0&vHNk cKH ro I nf tmrcHcsuf &Sad om Mo0g'wpfck jzpfygovm;/ vH;k 0OóH[ k w k rf eS yf gonf/ tu,fí oifu r[kwrf eS [ f k qdyk gvQif bk&m;ocifonf wpfcsKUd aomvlwt Ykd m; c&pfawmf\ yHkoP²mefuJhodkY wlnDjcif; r&SdbJ aumif;uifü xm0& &Sad eMu&ef a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;cJyh gonf[k ajymqdjk cif;omjzpfygrnf/

apawmfrl\/ tjynfht0aq;aMumawmfrl\ [lí þusrf;csufu qdx k m;ygonf/ Oyrm – vlwpfa,mufonf yef;uefrsm;udk aq;aMum ouJhodkY yHkazmf&ygvQif pm;<uif;pm;usefrsm;ayaeaom npfywfonfh yef;uefrsm;onf ykyaf qmfeaH pEkid yf g onf/ xkyd ef;uef rsm;rSm trJqrD sm; jzifh ap;uyfvsuf cRcJ RyJ spyf sp&f adS eygrnf/ wpfpw kH pfO;D onf xkyd ef;uefrsm; udk ylaom? qyfjym&nfjrK§ yaf &xJoYkd ESpu f m aq;aMumygrnf/ xdyk ef;uef rsm;udk wpfBurd f aMu;cRwf yGww f u kd yf gu vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm; oef&Y iS ;f oGm;Ny;D toHk;jyK&ef tqifoifh jzpfoGm;ygrnf/ ]]bk&m;ocifonf tvif;ü &SdawmfrlouJhodkY? igwd k Y o nf tvif ; ü usif v nf v Qif ? tcsif ; csif ; rdó[m,zGJUjcif;&SdMuonf jzpfí? bk&m;ocif\ om;awmf a,½I c &pf \ taoG ; awmf o nf ? igwd k Y tjypf&o dS rQukd aq;aMumawmfr\ l /}} (1 a,m 1;7) a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vGecf ahJ om ESpf 2000 cefu Y taocHawmfrl aomtcg? uRefawmf toufwmü &SdorQaom t&mcyfodrf;wdkYrSm tem*wfü &Syd gao;\/ ud, k af wmfonf þtcsed üf uReaf wmf vGeu f sL; rnft h jypfrsm; tygt0if uReaf wmftjypf&o dS rQtm;vH;k twGuf tcudk ay;qyfNyD; jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfaoaom aeYwdkifatmif uRefawmf usL;vGerf nfh tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k twGuyf g uk, d af wmfay;qyfawmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfonf udk,fawmftm; rdrdu,fwif&Siftjzpf ,H k M unf v uf c H a omtcg uRef a wmf h t jypf & S d o rQtm;vH k ; ud k ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taoG;xJü ESpfxm;avonf/ udk,fawmfonf uReaf wmft h m; xkt d jypfrsm;rS aq;aMumawmfral omtcg? uReaf wmfonf oefY&Sif;jcif;odkY wpfBudrfwnf;jzifh xm0&wdkifatmif oefY&Sif;jcif;odkY a&muf&SdoGm;NyD; jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfonf ocifa,½I c&pfawmf\ taoG;awmftm;jzifh jzLpifjcif;? oefY&Sif;jcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJhygonf/ odkYjzpfí vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufcJhNyD;aom tcsed rf pS í tjypf tm;vH;k wdrYk S oef&Y iS ;f jcif;odaYk &muf&o dS mG ;Ny;D jzpfygonf/

]]igwdkYonf bk&m;ocifh a&SUawmfü arwåmtm;jziffh oef&Y iS ;f vsu?f tjypf uif;vGwv f sujf zpfrnftaMumif;? þurÇm rwnfr&Srd DS igwdu Yk kd c&pfawmfü a&G;aumuf awmfrlonfESifh tnD? aumif;uifbkHESifhqdkifaom 18

79 P-18

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

t&mwdüYk cyford ;f aom "r®r*Fvmwdu Yk kd c&pfawmftm; jzifh igwdt Yk m; ay;oem;awmfral om igwdYk ocifa,½I c&pf\ crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf r*Fvm&Sdawmf rlapownf; }} ({zuf 1;3-4)

0dnmOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; jzpfaMumif; EIwu f ywfawmfxüJ igwdkYjrifcJhMu&NyD; jzpfygonf/ ½kd;om;ajzmifhrwfaomol rnfolurQ xdkt&mudk rjiif;y,fEkdifaMumif; uRefawmf,HkMunfygonf/ oifonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIudk ,HkMunfí oabmwlnD&ef &,fzG,faumif;í rjzpfEkdifaom tqkdjyKcsuf ajcmufckwdkYudk oifwdkYtm; tm½HkjyKapvkd ygonf/ ]]rdrt d jypfrsm;rS pifMu,fjcif;odaYk &mufaomolonf rjzLpifjcif;odYk a&muf&efrSm jzpfEkdif\}}/ ]]xko d m;awmfonf bk&m;ocif\ bke;f awmfa&mifjcnf ESihf bk&m;ocif tjzpfawmf\ xyfwyl o kH P²mefjzpfí? wefc;dk ESihf jynfph akH om rdrt d rdeaYf wmftm;jzifh cyford ;f aomt&mwdu Yk kd wnf&dS wnfwahH poljzpfvsu?f igwdYk tjypfrsm;udk ud, k af wmfwikd f okwo f ify,f&iS ;f Ny;D vQi?f jrifhaomt&yfrSm wefckd;tmEkabmfawmf\ vufsm bufü xkid af wmfr\ l /}} (a[NAJ 1;3) xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom vlwpfa,muftwGuf rdrt d jypfrS jzLpifjcif;odYk a&mufaom olonf rjzLpifjzpfEidk jf yefygrnf[k oabmwl aomol jzpfygonf/ ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfonf rdrdudk,fawmfwdkiftm;jzifh igwdkY\ tjypfrsm;udk jzLpifap awmfrlaMumif; or®musrf;pmu uRefawmfhudk ajymjyxm;ygonf/ uk, d af wmfonf igwd\ Yk tultnDukd tvkrd &Syd g/ ud, k af wmfonf ,Zfyak &m[dww f pfyg;\ tultnD odrYk [kwf yGaJ wmf r*Fvma& odrYk [kwf toif;awmf odrYk [kwf AwåZd rH *Fvmay;aoma& ponfwu Ykd kd rvdyk g/ uk, d af wmfonf rdru d , dk af wmfwikd t f m;jzifh igwd\ Yk tjypfrsm;udk jzLpifapawmfrlyg\/ ]]jzLpif}}[laom a0g[m&pum;vH;k onf vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm; tjynfh t0 oef&Y iS ;f pifMu,fonf? tuket f pifaq;aMumonf[k qdv k ydk gonf/ a,½Ionf igwdkY\ tjypfrsm;udk vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; oefY&Sif;pifMu,f

igwko Yd nf c&pfawmf\ yHo k P²mefawmfxüJ &Sad eap&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrlcJhygonf/ igwkdYudk a&G;aumufawmfrlaomolonf igwkt Yd m; oef&Y iS v f Quf tjypftem tqmESihf uif;rJah pawmf rlyg\/ oifEiS hf uReaf wmft h wGuf bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfawmfEiS hf &nf&, G f csurf mS a,½Ic&pfawmf uJo h Ykd jzpfMu&efjzpfygonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg tjypf\ ½kefYMurf;npfnrf;jcif;onf ta0;odkY vGifhoGm;yg vdrfhrnf/ igwko Yd nf rD;tm;jzifh oefpY ifapvQuf ay:vmMuygvdrrhf nf/ xdt k &mrSm oif\toufwm ESihf uReaf wmf\ toufwmtwGuf bk&m;ocif\ &nf&G,fcsufjzpfygonf/

cspfcifjrwfEdk;aomoltjzpf vufcHawmfrljcif; ]]xdb k &k m;ocifonf cspaf wmfral om om;awmfaMumifh igwdt Yk m; ay;awmfral om aus;Zl;awmf\ bke;f toa& udk cs;D rGr;f apjcif;iSg? igwdo Yk nf a,½Ic&pftm;jzifh om; t&mudk &rnftaMumif;? tvdak wmf&adS om apwem twdik ;f a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfr\ l / }} ({zuf 1;5-6) bk&m;ocif\ &nf&, G cf surf mS igwkt Yd m; a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m; awmfrjl cif; wpfco k m r[kwyf g/ igwdo Yk nf cspcf ifjrwfE;kd aom oluo hJ Ykd vufcHawmfrl&ef &nf&G,fcsuf&Sdawmfrlyg\/ yHkazmf&aomf? pmtdwf wpfcw k iG f txJü pmyg&SNd y;D ? tjyifü vdypf myg&So d nf/ pmrSm wHqyd u f yfí pmwku d yf ;kH xJoYkd xnf&h ygonf/ xdpk mrSm pmwdu k ½f ;kH odYk ,lomG ;Ny;D ? vdypf m

78

19 P-19

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

ygonfhtwkdif; pmwkduf½Hk;rS wpfqifh jzefYa0ay;cJhygonf/ xdkolrSm rSeu f efaom vdypf m twkid ;f a0ay;aom pmydo Yk rm;jzpfygonf/ oifonf pmudk vufc&H &Sd aomtcg pmtdwu f kd zGií hf txJrpS mudk zwf&ygonf/ pmydo Yk rm;onf pmtdwx f üJ &Sad ompmudk pdw0f ifpm;jcif; r&Syd g/ pmtdwfay:ü vdyfpmtjynfhtpHk ygovm;? wHqdyfacgif; uyfxm;yg ovm;ponfuo kd m Munfah eygonf/ pmydo Yk rm;onf pmtdwx f üJ pmyg onfjzpfap? rygonfjzpfap xkpd mudk jzefaY 0ay;&ygonf/ xkt d &monf olYtwGufjcm;em;rIr&Sdyg/ wpfaeYjzifh Doug Hammett onf þb0rS aemufb0odkY ul;ajymif;oGm;&ygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf o D ug aH mmett udk Munf½h aI wmfro l nfr[kwyf g/ tu,fpifppf? tu,fí bk&m;ocif onf oifEiS hf uReaf wmfüh &So d nftwkid ;f om Munf½h aI wmfryl gvQif ]]oif[m npfnrf;ygw,f/ ighxrH S xGuo f mG ;avmh}} [lí bk&m;ocif rdeaYf wmfrl ygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf Doug Hammett udk ,lomG ;í ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ pmtdwx f o J Ykd xnfx h m;ygonf/ uReaf wmfonf aumif;uifwcH g;0odYk a&mufaomtcg? ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfEiS hf um&meD awmifukef;ay:wGif ukd,fawmf\ taocHawmfrl jcif;wnf;[laom h kd pmtdwu f kd bk&m;ocif Munfah wmfrv l Qu?f "Doug Hammett, oifu vufcHawmfrlcJhNyD/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf oif[m pmtdwfxJrSm &SdaeNyD;jzpfyg\" [lí rdefYawmfrlygrnf/ uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;rSm uReaf wmf[m tb,fuo hJ aYkd omol jzpfonf odrYk [kwf uReaf wmfu bmawG vkycf o hJ nf[al om t&may:ü rlwnfjcif;r&Syd g/ uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocifEiS hf oGm;vmí pHv k ifaom jzpfaomaMumifh odkYr[kwf raumif;aom trIt&mwkdYrS rdrdudk,fudk xde;f odr;f xm;í uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS jhJ cif; r[kwyf g/ a,½Ic&pf awmfoGef;awmfrlaom taoG;awmfay:ü tajccHvsuf? uReaf wmft h m; aumif;uif Ekid if aH wmfxo J Ykd vufc&H ef bk&m;ocifonf tBut H pnfawmfEiS hf &nf&, G cf su&f cdS yhJ gonf/ c&pfawmf\ vkyaf qmif

aomf? xdt k &m onf bk&m;ocifukd igwd\ Yk u,fwifjcif;tv,fA[dEk iS hf igwdb Yk 0touf&iS f oGm;vm rI\ A[dük xm;&Syd gonf/ bk&m;ocifonf tm½Hpk u kd &f mtcsuf jzpfvmygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdak omf ud, k af wmf onfomvQif igwdkYtm; u,fwifjcif;udk ay;Ekdifaomoljzpfawmfrl\/ ukd,fawmfonfomvQif igwdkYu,fwifjcif;&&SdNyD;aemufydkif;ü auseyf ap&ef qE´&adS omolom jzpfawmfr\ l / ]]u½kPmawmfESifh opömawmfaMumifh emrawmfudk csD;rGrf;ygrnf/}} (qmvH 138;2) bk&m;ocifonf EIwfuywfawmfxJü rnfodkY a&;om;xm; awmfrlonfh tay:ü rdrd ukd,fawmf wdkifjyKvkyfaomol jzpfapawmf rlcJhygonf/ vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif; &zkdY&eftwGuf bk&m; ocifxHawmfodkYvmaomtcg? EIwfuywfawmfudk emcH&rnf[laom oabmxm;ESihf vm&ygrnf/ rnfoq Ykd adk p? aeYpOf toufwmü bk&m; ocifvufawmfoYkd tyfE&HS ef tvdrk &Sad om c&pf,mefwpfcsKUd &Sad eygonf/ olwYkd em;axmif&rnf odrYk [kwf remcH &rnfay:ü olwu Ykd efausmufvsuf ckduf&efjyKrlMuygonf/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\ udk,fydkif cHpm;csufaemuf udo k m vku d o f mG ;Muygonf/ olwo Ykd nf rdrw d zYkd mom vkyaf qmifaeMu ygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; {ueftrSwf qufuyftyfEaHS om bk&m;ocif\ om;wdüYk emcHaomoabm xm;&SMd uygrnf/ igwdkYonf EIwfuywfawmfudk emcHMu&rnf[k bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrlaom tcg? rdrd udk,fawmfwdkifvnf; vkyfaqmifawmfrl&ef tvdkqE´r&Sd[lí ajymqdkjcif;r[kwfyg/ bk&m;ocifonf rdrdEIwf uywfawmfü rdrdudk,fwdkifjyKvkyfol jzpfapawmfrl\/ xkdt&monf udk,fawmf\ emrawmftm; jrifhjrwfapawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ bk&m; ocifonf rdrdEIwfuywfawmfxJü &Sdaom rnfonfh t&mudkrqdk jiif;y,faomenf;vrf; vHk;0OóHkr&Sdyg/ vlwpfa,mufudk u,fwifawmfrlí olwdkY\ u,fwifjcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f ay;awmfrl aomolrmS crnf;awmf? om;awmfEiS hf oef&Y iS ;f aom

20

77 P-20

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tu,fí oifonf Cults [laom rSm;,Gi;f onft h ,l0g'rsm;\ oGefoifjcif;udk qef;ppfygu olwdkYtm;vHk;ü wlnDaom t&mESpfck &So d nfukd oifawGU&ygvdrrhf nf/ yxr? olwu Ykd tusit hf m;jzifh u,fwif jcif;&onf[k ,HMk unfMu\/ 'kw, d olw\ Ykd tESpo f m& oGeo f ifjcif;rSm rdrdudk,fudkom jzpfygonf/ olwdkYoGefoifjcif;tm;vHk;wdkYonf vl[m ta&;Bu;D qH;k aom zufpyf a&maESmyg0ifonft h &m jzpfonf[q k Mkd u\/ tusit hf m;jzifh u,fwifjcif;&onf[k oGeo f ifay;aom bmomw&m; rsm;udk igwdYk qef;ppfaomtcg? olw\ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f ay;&ef rnfoül wm0ef&ydS goenf;[laom ar;cGe;f udk ar;&ygonf/ xdt k &mrSm a,½Ic&pfawmf rjzpfEikd yf g/ xdt k &mrSm rdru d , kd u f o kd m jzpfyg\ tb,f aMumifq h akd omf rdru d , kd w f ikd o f nfom u,fwifjcif;udk vkNH cKH apaomol jzpfí ajzmifrh wfpmG touf&iS jf cif;tm;jzifh u,fwifjcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f ay;ol[m rdru d , kd w f ikd o f m jzpf\[k ,HMk unfMuygonf/ or®musrf;pm\ ppfrSefaom t'du oGefoifcsufü b,faom tcgrQ vlrjzpfEidk yf g/ tpOftNrJ c&pfawmfom jzpfygonf/ or®musr;f pm \ tm½Hjk yKjcif;rSm rdru d , kd u f rkd [kwf bk&m;ocif üom jzpfyg\/ xm0& vH k N cH K rI M o0g’ u d k Munf h a omtcg? ]]u,f w if j cif ; \ A[dck suo f nf bk&m;ocif avm odrYk [kwf vlavm}} [laom ar;cGe;f udk ar;&ygrnf / bk & m;ocif o mvQif u,f w if a omol ? apmif h x d e f ; ay;awmf r l a omol j zpf o nf [ k ,H k M unf a omol w d k Y o nf rd r d w d k Y \ tm½Hkrsm;udk bk&m;ocifü xm;&Sdaomolrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI ,HMk unfaomolu rdrw d u Ykd , kd u f kd rdrw d u Ykd ,fwif jcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f &ef wm0efr&Sad Mumif;udk od&MdS uygonf/ u,fwifjcif; udk olwrYdk cHxu kd yf g/ igwd\ Yk rpHrk vif tm;enf; aomtusiu hf kd y,fí aumif;jrwfpHkvifaom tusifhudk vkyfaqmifay;aomolrSm a,½I c&pfawmf jzpfygonf/ xkt d &mrSm ud, k af wmftm;jzif?h ud, k af wmf wpfyg; wnf;omvQif igwdu Yk kd u,fwifEidk f awmfrí l apmifx h ed ;f Ekid af wmfr\ l / xm0&vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf ta&;BuD;ygonf/ tb,faMumifhqdk

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(a&mr 8;29-30) xdt k &mrSm tvGev f , G u f &l iS ;f vif;aom Oyrmwpfcjk zpfygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; ajrmufrsm;pGmaom vlwo Ykd nf xkt d &mtm;jzifh pdw½f yI af xG; cJMh uygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdak omf olwu Ykd rdrw d \ Ykd or®musr;f pmudk owif;zwfpmouJhodkY zwfMuygonf/ olwdkYonf cyfjrefjrefNyD;pvG,f zwfMuum rnfonfh taMumif;t&m ajymqkad eonfukd olwYkd rpOf;pm; rqifjcifMuawmhyg/ þae&mü tqifhrsm;pGm&Sdonfudk owdjyKyg/ yxrtqifhrSm tcef;i,f (29) xJü awG&Y &dS ygonf/ ]]a&S;rqGu odawmfral omolwu Ykd }kd } þolwrYkd mS ud, k af wmfu h kd vufc, H MkH unf Murnfo h w l t Ykd m; ud, k af wmfonf wifBudKíodjrifawmfrlcJhaomolrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ kwd, tqifhrSm tcef;i,f (30) xJü &Syd gonf/}} cGcJ efrY w S o f m;ESiahf om olwu Ykd akd c:awmf rl\}} xko d w l rYkd mS a,½Ic&pfawmfuo hJ Ykd wlnaD p&ef ud, k af wmfrw S o f m; awmfrEl iS Nhf y;D jzpfaom vlwjYkd zpfMuygonf/ aemuftqifrh mS ud, k af wmf

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P-21

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onf olwu Ykd kd ac:awmfr\ l / {0Ha*vdw&m;onf olwx Ykd o H aYkd [majym a0iSjcif;&Sd&m olwkdYonf ac:awmfrljcif;udkMum; í u,fwifawmfrl jcif;odkY a&mufaomolwdkYjzpfMuygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &m[m tqH;k r[kwaf o;yg/ aemuftqifh wpfcrk mS ac:awmfral om olwu Ykd kd vnf;ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfapawmf rl\/ ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfapawmfr\ l qd&k mü uReaf wmfonf wpfBurd f wpfcgrQ tjypf rusL;vGecf o hJ uJo h Ykd jzpfapawmfrjl cif;udk qdv k ykd gonf/ ]]xko d Ykd wnfapawmfral omolwu Ykd v kd nf; cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l }}/ ]]cs;D ajrm§ uf awmfrl\}} [lonfrSm tjcm;aom a0g[m& pum;vHk;rsm;enf;wl twdwfumv 0gusjzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifu ]]twdwfumvüom oifhudk cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrljcif;? ac:awmfrlcJhjcif; ajzmifhrwfapawmf rljcif;om r[kwyf g/ twdwu f mvüvnf; igonf oifu h kd cs;D ajrm§ ufawmf rlcNhJ y}D } [lí rdeaYf wmfryl gonf/ bk&m;ocif\ rsupf ad wmfxüJ xdt k &m onf tqifoifhNyD; jynfhpHkcJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ tu,fí yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;onf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJhygu? olwo Ykd nf cs;D ajrm§ ufjcif;odYk a&muf&o dS mG ;Ny;D jzpfygonf[k or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ igwdw Yk iG f trsm;pku cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfrjl cif;udk rMunfMh uyg/ cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l [kq&kd mü tjypfür&Sad wmhyg/ pHv k ifjcif;ü a&muf&NdS y;D jzpf\[kq&kd mü tjypfür&Sad wmhyg/ pHv k ifjcif;ü a&muf&NdS y;D jzpf\ [lí qdv k &kd if; jzpfygonf/ tjcm;pum;vH;k rsm;jzifq h &kd aomf a,½Ic&pfawmf uJhodkY jzpfapawmfrl\ [lí jzpfygonf/ þae&mü&Sdaom vlwdkYwGif rnfou l rQ olwo Ykd nf pHv k ifjcif;odYk a&muf&o dS mG ;cJNh yD [lí rajymqdEk idk yf g/ okaYd omfvnf;? igwdo Yk nf cs;D ajrm§ ufjcif;odYk a&muf&NdS y[ D í l bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrl\/ aeY&uf[m bk&m;ocifESifhom qdkif\/ uRefawmfESifh rqkdif aMumif;udk aeYpOfEiS t hf rQ rdru d , kd u f kd owday;rdygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf xJütcsed u f kd toH;k jyK&rnfjzpf\/ ud, k af wmf rdeaYf wmfrl onft h wkid ;f uReaf wmft h oufwmudk ajzmifw h ef;ap&ygrnf/ uReaf wmfu h kd

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22

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P-22

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

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jyKawmfrrl nf[k igoabmus\/ (zdvyd dÜ 1;6) vlwpfa,mufonf c&pfawmfudk ,HkMunfudk;pm;vmaomtcg oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfral om tm;jzpfvmaom toufwm ajymif;vJjcif;&Srd nf[k or®musr;f pmu oGeo f ifxm;ygonf/ 0dnmOfawmf\ tvkyrf mS igwdt Yk oufwmxJü rSm;,Gi;f aomt&mrsm;udk jrifí ajymif;vJjcif;udk vdt k yfaMumif; igwdt Yk m; awGjY rifap&ef ulnD rpjcif;jzpfygonf/ a[mif;aomt&mrsm; tavhtxrsm;? tjypfrsm;? oabmxm;rsm;ESihf vkyaf qmifcsurf sm;onf uG,af ysmufomG ;í topf jzpfvmygonf/ c&pfawmfudk wu,f,MkH unf ud;k pm;aomolw\ Ykd toufwmxJü rSwo f m;zG,f aom uGJjym;jcm;em;rI &Sdvmygrnf/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf c&pf,mefwpfO;D \ b0toufwm xJü olwYkd u,fwifjcif; &&Scd ahJ om aeYrpS í aoaomaeYtxd tvkyv f yk af wmfryl gonf/ 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkY\ txJupí vkyfaqmifvmygu igwdkYonf aumif;uifodkY a&muf a omaeY w k d i f a tmif quf v uf í vk y f a qmif r nf [ l a om tmrcHcsuf igwdüYk &So d nfukd or®musr;f pmu ajymqdx k m;ygonf/

tzd;k ESihf 0,fawmfrNl y;D jzpfí uReaf wmfu h kd uReaf wmf rydik af wmhaMumif; owd&apygonf/ aeY&uf rukev f eG rf SD bk&m;ocifukd qefu Y sií f tjypf jyKaerdonfukd awGU&S&d ygonf/ uReaf wmfonf xku d o hJ aYkd om toufwm rsK;d ESihf touf&iS af eygu igonf cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfrjl cif;odYk a&mufNy[ D í l tb,fodkY a<u;aMumfEdkifygrnfenf;/ bk&m;ocif\ tjrifü r[kwfbJ uRefawmfhtjrifü Munfhaom aMumifh jyóemay:vmygonf/ uReaf wmfonf ypöKyeÜ u f mvü touf &Siaf eygonf/ uReaf wmfu h Mkd unfv h Quf oifu h v kd nf; Munfv h Quf ae& ygonf/ ,ck uReaf wmf rnfoYkd jrifrnf[al omtay:ü t&m&mwdu Yk kd pD&ifaeygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; BuzH efaomtcsed [ f í l r&Sad wmhaMumif; bk&m;ocif odjrifawmfrl\/ udk,fawmfonf xm0&umvrS xm0& umvodkYwkdif jrifawmfrl\/ uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ tjrifü Munfhaomtcg bk&m; ocif\ rsupf ad wmfxw J iG f xdt k &mrSm aumif;jrwfjcif; &So d nft h wkid ;f vkyaf qmifawmfrNl y;D jzpfaMumif;udk uReaf wmfov d m&ygonf/ rnfoo l nf c&pfawmfukd ,HMk unfawmfcrH nfukd ud, k af wmfonf vGeo f mG ;aom xm0& umvüyif odjrifawmfrlcJhNyD;? a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrlí ac:awmfru l m cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfü olw\ Ykd b0toufwm rsm;twGuf &nf&, G cf suEf iS hf tBut H pnfawmf&ydS g\/ vrf;c&D;\ tqH;k rSm olwdkYonf csD;ajr§mufjcif;odkY a&muf&efjzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf 'kw, d - arG;jcif;cHí bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpf ygu bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfonf aocsmí jzpfEidk zf , G jf zpfygonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg oif\ udk,fcE¨monf rnfonfhtjypfrQ rygbJ bk&m;ocifa&SUü &yfaeygvdrrhf nf/ xkt d &mrSm twdwu f mv0gus jzpfí ,cküvnf; rSefuefNyD;? tem*wfrSmvnf; rSefuefonfjzpfaMumif; bk&m;ocifonf tvGefaocsmpGm rdefYawmfrlyg\/ bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfEiS phf rD u H ed ;f rSm igwdt Yk m;c&pfawmfuo hJ Ykd jzpfap&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrljcif; jzpfygonf/ cspfcif

74

23 P-23

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

jrwfEdk;aomolt&mü vufcHum? ac:awmfrlí ajzmifhrwfapawmfrl Ny;D vQif c&pfawmfxüJ igwku Yd kd cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l / xdck s;D ajrm§ ufawmfrl jcif;rSm tem*wfwGif &Sdygao;\/ a&G;EIwf&m aeY&ufra&mufrDSwkdif atmif tjynft h 0jynfph kH vdrrhf nfr[kwyf g/ (1 aum 15;51-54)

]]xdek ufeaJ omt&m [lru l m;? umvtcsed f aphpHkjcif;\ omoemwGif aumif;uifay:? ajrBu;D ay:rSm &S&d o dS rQwu Ykd kd aygif;í c&pfawmfü csKyfjcmapawmfrlvdrfhownf;/}} ({zuf 1;10) bk&m;ocifonf tBut H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f tpGeq f ;kH odaYk &mufjcif;rSm cyf o d r f ; aomt&mwk d Y u d k xk y f y d k ; í þavmuBuD ; uk e f q H k ; jcif ; od k Y a&mufaomtcg bk&m;ocifonf a,½I c&pfawmfü ,HMk unfaomol &So d rQwu Ykd kd pk½;kH apawmfrl ygvdrrhf nf/ xkt d &mrSm bk&m;ocif\ &nf &G,cf su?f tBut H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f jzpfygonf/ ,HMk unforl sm; tm;vH;k wko Yd nf c&pfawmfü twlwuG pk½;kH vmMuygvdrrhf nf/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI igwkb Yd maMumifh ,HMk unf&ygoenf;/ tu,fí wpfpw kH pfO;D onf yk*Kd¾ vw f pfyg;\ ESv;kH om;xJü bk&m;ocif\ vkyaf qmif awmfrjl cif;udk ysujf ym;ajymif;vJapygu tu,fí yk*Kd¾ vf wpfO;D onf rdrdwdkY\ u,fwifjcif;udk wpfenf;enf;jzifh qHk;½IH;oGm;apEdkifygu bk&m;ocifonf ,HMk unforl sm; tm;vH;k wku Yd kd aumif;uifü pk½;kH aomtcg ajrmufrsm;pGmaom vlwo Ykd nf aysmufq;kH oGm;ygrnf/

,HMk unfjcif;udk twdtvif; 0efcaH om vlajrmufrsm;pGm &SMd uygonf/ olwu Ykd a,½Ic&pfawmfukd od\[k0efcMH u\/ olwo Ykd nf c&pf,mefrsm; jzpfMu\[k 0efcMH u\/ olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocifukd od\[k twdtvif; 0efcaH jymqdMk u\/ rnforl qdk xdu k o hJ aYkd om 0efccH suu f kd jyKEidk yf gonf/ ]]ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfaomolonf ,HMk unfjcif;tm;jzifh touf&Sifvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfvnf;? a&GUavsmhvQif? ighpdwf0dnmOfonf xkdoludk tm;&ESpfoufjcif;r&Sd[k bk&m;ocif trdeaYf wmf&\ dS / igwdrYk u l m; ysupf ;D jcif;odYk a&muftHhaomiSg a&GUavsmhaom olr[kwf/ pdwf 0d n mOf o nf u,f w if j cif ; od k Y a&muf t H h a omiS g ,HMk unfaom oljzpfMu\/}} (a[NAJ 10;38-39) okdYaomfvnf; wpfpHkwpfOD;u twdtvif;0efcHajymqdkjcif;onf c&pfawmfukd olwv Ykd ufc&H &Sd Ny;D [lí 0efcjH cif;udk rqdv k ykd g/ olwo Ykd nf bk&mocif\ 0dnmOfawmfudk vHk;0 vufrcH cJhMuao;yg/ olwdkYonf w k , d arG;jcif;udk rcHMu&ao;yg/ c&pf,mefwo Ykd nf olwu Ykd kd u k c© aH paom tajctaeodaYk &mufaomtcg olwYkd aemufqw k o f mG ;wwfMuygonf/ tb,f aMumifYenf;/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olwdkY\ 0dnmOfrSm u,fwifjcif;vH;k 0r&&Scd jhJ cif;aMumifh jzpfygonf/ olwo Ykd nf ysupf ;D jcif; (od)Yk i&Jow Ykd idk f aemufqw k o f mG ;Muygrnf/ rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H aomvlw[ Ykd m u,fwifjcif;&aom vlrsm;r[kwMf uyg/ þvlwrYkd mS olwo Ykd nf u,fwifjcif; &&SNd y;D ouJo h Ykd a&mufvm&ef vkyfaqmifaom vlrsm;om jzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; olwYkd 'kw, d arG;jcif;udk vH;k 0r&&Scd MhJ uao;yg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ emrü vmMuaomfvnf;? ud, k af wmfukd vH;k 0rodMuao;aom vlajrmufrsm;pGm wdrYk mS tar&duefjynfü &So d nfukd uReaf wmfpl w d Ef v S ;kH t<uif;rJh ,HMk unf ygonf/ oifwdkYwGif aumif;aomtrIudk jyKpjyKawmfrlaom olonf? a,½Ic&pf\ aeY&ufwkdifatmif NyD;pD;vsuf

24

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c&pfawmfxJü twlwuG pk½Hk;apawmfrljcif;

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udk,fawmf\ aus;Zl;awmftm;owd&aMumif;txdrf;trSwf

ud, k af wmfonf rdeaYf wmfro l nftwkid ;f vkyaf qmif ygrnf[al om t&m ay:ü aumif;aom ,HMk unfpw d cf srt I rSwv f u©Pmwpfck jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfxüJ ay;awmf rlaom uwdawmfukd jyefí r½kyo f rd ;f Edik yf g/ ud, k af wmfonf rdru d wdawmf rsm;udk csK;d azmufawmfrrl nfr[kwaf Mumif; oef&Y iS ;f aom0dnmOfawmfonf igwd\ Yk tmrcHp&HaiG? igwd\ Yk tmrcHjzpfawmfr\ l / tu,fí oifonf tdrfwpftdrfudk a&mif;rnfqdkygu wpfpHk wpfO;D onf xdt k rd t f wGuf BuKd wifaiGp&HaiGukd oift h m; ay;xm;ygrnf/ xdak iGrmS oifyikd q f idk af om aiGjzpf\/ oifonf xdpk &HaiGukd xkwo f ;kH Edik f ygonf/ xdt k &mrSm oifü0rf;ajrmufzjYkd zpfygonf/ tu,fí 0,frnfo h l ysuu f u G v f mygvQif olw\ Ykd jyóemomjzpf\/ oif\jyóemr[kwyf g/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf xdak iGrmS oift h zdjYk zpf\/ igwdo Yk nf 0dnmOfawmfü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sí d igwd\ Yk b0toufwmxJü tvkyv f yk af wmfral p&ef oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkYtm; c&pf,mef toufwmü rnfo0Ykd rf;ajrmufjcif;&SMd u&rnfukd oif,jl cif;onf tvGeaf umif;ay\/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ uwdawmfrmS igwdu Yk kd a&G;0,faom olonf igwdu Yk kd ykid q f idk í f aumif;uifoaYkd &muf&MdS uonfxd a&G;EIw&f m aeY&ufwkdifatmif 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkYESifhtwl &Sdrnfjzpf\/ igwdkY u,fwifjcif;&aomaeYrSpí bk&m;ocifonf igwdkYtm; aumif;uif tdrfawmfodkY ac:aqmifaomaeYxd igwdkYonf oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfü 0rf;ajrmufjcif; &&SdMuygrnf/

]]taMumif;rlum;? xdkociftm;jzifh igwdkYü aus;Zl;jyKí? aus;Zl;awmf\ tvGef<u,f0jcif;udk aemifuyfumvwdkYü xif&Sm;aprnftaMumif; jzpfownf;/}} ({zuf 2 ; 7) a&mufvmrnfh umv (tem*wfwGif &Sdaom xm0&) wGif udk,fawmfonf tvGef<u,f0jynfhpHkaom rdrdaus;Zl;awmfudk vlwdkif; wkdYtm; azmfjyawmfrlvdrfhrnftaMumif; bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrl\/ wenf;tm;jzifh xkdt&mudk xm;&Sdjcif;rSm bk&m;ocifonf igwkdYudk u,fwifawmfrcl NhJ y;D igwkt Yd wGuf ud, k af wmfü&Sad om aumif;jrwfawmf rljcif;ESifh cspfjcif;arwåmtm;vHk; wdkYudk xif&Sm;pGmazmfjyawmfrlrnfh aeY&ufudk owfrSwfawmfrlcJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf\ zcifonf Kansas jynfe,f&dS toif;tzGUJ wpfcw k iG f abhpfabmypfay;ol wpfOD; jzpfcJhygonf/ igwkdY\ tdrfü tm;upm; NydKifyGJrsm;wGif taz qGwfcl; &&SdcJhonfh txdrf;trSwf ypönf;rsm;? o½kyaf qmifjcif;rsm;ESihf tEdik &f onfq h rk sm;rSmpifrsm;pGm tjynf&h ydS gonf/ olonf abhpaf bmrsm;ESihf bwfwrH sm;? uGjJ ym;jcm;em;aom upm;p&m rsm;tm;jzifh txdr;f trSwf jyKxm;cJyh gonf/ abhpaf bm tzGUJ 0ifvBl u;D rsm; xHrS *kPjf yKrw S w f rf;rsm;vnf;&Syd g onf/ oifonf igwkt Yd rd x f o J o Ykd mG ;vm aomtcg xkt d xdr;f trSwrf sm;udk oifjrifawGU&ygrnf/ tb,fah Mumifh qdak omf igwko Yd nf xkt d &mrsm;udk wnfcif;jyxm;ygonf/ uReaf wmfzh cif bmawGvkyfcJhonfudk xdktxdrf;trSwf ypönf;rsm;u a&mifjyef[yf apcJhygonf/ txdr;f trSww f pfcjk zifh oifbmudk vkyaf qmifygoenf;/ oifonf txdrf;trSwf ypönf;udk pifay:wGif xm;&Sdjcif;jzifh xkdyk*¾dKvfonf rnfonfht&mrsm;udk jynfhpHkapcJhonfudk vlwdkYtm; jrifapEdkifygonf/ yk*Kd¾ vrf mS txdr;f trSwyf pön;f r[kwyf g/ cs;D rGr;f jcif;udk cH&ol jzpfygonf/ igwko Yd nf aumif;uifb&kH pdS ifay:ü xkid í f igwku Yd , kd u f kd tm½Hjk yKap&ef

c&pf,mefuJhodkY rjyKusifhaomolwdkYü tb,fodkYenf;/ xm0&vHkNcHKrItaMumif;ü wpfenf;jzifhqdkaomf xdkar;cGef;udk tNrJyif ar;avh&SdcJhygonf/ ]]ylaqG;zG,faom t&mrsm;tm;vHk;ü tb,fodkYjzpfrnfenf;}} igwdkYonf u,fwif jcif;&NyD; bk&m;ocif toHk;awmfcH&eftwGuf toHk;awmfcHygrnf[k ajymqdkMuaomfvnf;? wu,ftoufr&SiMf uaom olwüYkd aum tb,fojYkd zpfygrnfenf;/ 72

25 P-25

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tarGp&ef}} jzpf\[k qdkxm;ygonf/ ({zuf 4;30) ü igwdkYonf ]]a&G;EIw&f maeY&ufumvwdik af tmif}} wHqyd cf wf onf [k qkx d m;ygonf/ wHqyd cf wfawmfrjl cif;rSm igwdo Yk nf tjypfxo J rYkd usa&mufrw DS idk af tmif odkYr[kwf bk&m;ocifxHawmfrS ta0;odkYroGm;rSDwkdifatmif [lí rqdx k m;yg xko d ef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wHqyd cf yfjcif;rSm a&G;EIw&f m aeY&ufwidk af tmifjzpfaomaMumifh bk&m;ocifukd cs;D rGr;f yg\/ uReaf wmf onf tjypfxo J Ykd vrf;vTEJ idk yf gonf/ uReaf wmfjzpfoifo h nftwkid ;f tpOftNrJ rjzpfEidk yf g/ odaYk omfvnf; aemufqHk;wGif uRefawmfonf aumif;uifü &SdvdrfhrnfjzpfaMumif; tmrcHcsuf uRefawmfhrSm&Sd ygonf/

bk&m;ocifonf oifEiS hf uReaf wmfukd u,fwifawmfrcl jhJ cif; r[kwyf g/ oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf aumif;uifbükH &Sad om bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl; awmf\ txdr;f trSwrf sm;ü ae&m,lMuygvdrrhf nf/ aumif;uifEikd if üH &So d nfh bk&m;ocif zefqif;awmfro l rQaomt&mwdo Yk nf taoowf jcif;udk cHawmfral om od;k oli,fukd *kPjf yKvkd cs;D ajrm§ uf Muygvdrrhf nf/ xkt d &mrSm xdak e&mü igwdYk &SMd u&rnft h aMumif;&if;jzpfygonf/ bk&m; ocifonf rdrd\ txdrf;trSwf ypönf;rsm;udk wpfa,mufwpfavrQ rdrdvufn§dK;awmfjzifh avQmusapawmfrlvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/

crnf;awmf\ cspfjcif;arwåm ]]ajzmifhrwfaomol twGufaMumifh taocHrnfhol &Scd \ J / olawmfaumif;twGuaf Mumifh taocH0ahH omol &Sdaumif;&Sdvdrfhrnf rSefapawmh/ igwdkYonf tjypf &SdpOfyif? c&pfawmfonf igwdkYtwGufaMumifh tao cHawmfro l nfjzpfí? bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd tb,f rQavmuf cspfawmfrlonfudk igwkdYtm; xif&Sm;pGm jyawmfrl\/ odkYjzpfí ,ckwGif taoG;awmftm;jzifh ajzmifhrwf&modkY a&mufNyD;rS? xkdociftm;jzifh tjypf i&JrS u,fcRwfawmfrljcif;odkY a&mufrnf[k omí arQmfvifhp&m&Sd\/}} (a&mr 5; 7-11) bk&m;ocif\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;rSm ud, k af wmf\ tBut H pnf ESifhpDrHudef; xJüom awGU&Sdonf r[kwfyg/ igwkdYtm; jyawmfrlaom udk,fawmf\ cspfjcif;arwåm xJrSmvnf; awGU&ygonf/ igwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;? odaYk &mufí tpOftNrJ bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfMuonfukd tmrcH ay;awmfrlonfomru bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmonf igwkt Yd m; aumif;uifEikd if o H nf igwk\ Yd tdrjf zpfaMumif; tmrcHay;ygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIü ta&;BuD;aom tydkif;wGif wpfckjzpfygonf/

oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ tmrcHp&H ]]ydik x f u dk af wmfral om olwo Ykd nf bke;f awmfukd cs;D rGr;f jcif;taMumif;ESifh a&G;Ekwfawmfrljcif;odkY ra&mufrSD umvywfvHk; xkd0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkY tarG\ p&efjzpfawmfrl\/}}({zuf 1;14) ]],k'vlwo Ykd nf edrw d v f u©Pmudk awmif;wwfMu\/ a[vo vlwo Ykd nf ynmudk &SmwwfMu\/}} (1aum 1;22) ]]p&H}} [lonfrmS ay;aqmifjcif;twGuf oifonf tdru f 0kd ,fzYdk jyifqifaomtcg a&mif;aomolu oifx h rH S p&HaiGukd ay;apygonf/ xdkt&mrSm aps;qpfNyD;aemuf usefaom wefzdk;udk ay;aqmifygrnf [laom ,HMk unfrt I rSwf vu©Pm wpfcjk zpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf a&mif;0,fru I kd jyefvnf½yk o f rd ;f ygu ydik &f iS o f nf BuKd wifay;aom wefz;kd p&Hudk odrf;xm;rnfjzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf vlwpfa,mufukd u,fwifaomtcg oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfudk tmrcHp&Htjzpf ay;awmfrl\/ xdkt&mrSm

26

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; rdeaYf wmfr\ l / oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wHqdyfcwfawmfrljcif;trIudk em;vnfoabmayguf&ef? igwdkYonf or®musr;f pm acwfumvpmrsm;udk ay;ydjYk cif; xk;H pHukd em;vnfoabm aygufzv Ykd ykd gonf/ olwüYkd ,aeY igwd&Yk adS om pmwdu k v f yk if ef;rsK;d r&SdMuyg/ tu,fí olwu Ykd pmwpfapmifuakd y;ydv Yk ykd gvQif olwo Ykd nf ygydik ;f g’ ;pfac: pmapmifvyd f wpfcak y:ü pma&;Mu\/ xkaYd emuf xkpd mapmifukd tpGe;f wpfzufrS tjcm;tpGef;wpfzufodkY vdyfygonf/ xkdYaemuf olwkdYonf pmapmifvdyf ESpfckMum;ü ylaom ysm;za,mif;udk avmif;csvdkufum tv,f ü uyf N id a pcJ h M uygonf / xd k t &mud k wH q d y f ½ d k u f o nf [ k ac:ygonf/ txl;trSww f q H yd yf gaom vufpyG u f kd ylaom ysm;za,mif; wHqyd x f o J Ykd zdEydS u f m xkyd sm;za,mif;xJü yHw k t l rSwt f om;udk jyKvyk f cJhMuonf/ xko d Ydk wHqyd cf wfNy;D aemuf xkpd mudk vufc&H rnfo h x l o H Ykd ydaYk p&ef tapcH wpf O D ; \ vuf ü tyf & ygonf / tapcH o nf vrf ; c&D ; ü pmudkzwf&ef wHqdyfudkcsKd;zJhír&yg/ tb,f aMumifhqdkaomf olonf e*drk v l twdik ;f jyefvnfí wHqyd cf wf&efenf;vrf;r&Syd g/ olonf wpfpkH wpfO;D \pm azmufzwfonfukd awGU&Syd gu ao’Paf y;jcif;cH& ygrnf/ xkdtapcHonf pmapmifvdyfüygonfh vdyfpmtwdkif; xkdyk*¾dKvfxHokdY wkduf½dkufay;ydkY&ygrnf/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh wHqdyfcwfonf[kqdk&mü igwdo Yk nf c&pfawmfukd rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcMH u aomtcg? bk&m;ocifonf oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmftm; igwdkYudk wHqyd cf wf&ef ay;awmfr\ l / rmausmaom ysm;za,mif;xJoYkd vufpyG f trSwf wHqyd jf zifh cwfí rSeu f efaomc&D;vrf;qH;k odYk ta&mufyaYkd qmif&ef tmrcHxm;onfeh nf;wl uReaf wmf\ rSeaf omc&D;vrf;qH;k okYd a&mufEidk f &ef bk & m;ocif \ oef Y & S i f ; aom 0d n mOf a wmf o nf igwd k Y \ b0 toufwmxJü tmrcHjzpfygonf/ {zuf 1;14 ü ]]a&G;EIwfawmfrljcif;ra&mufrSD ... igwdkY\

bk&m;ocifonf oift h m; oif\tjypfrsm;rS u,fwifawmfrjl cif; twGuf rnfoaYkd om tzk;d tc &Syd goenf;/ igwk\ Yd tjypfrsm; aq;aMum jcif;cHí aumif;uifü tdraf wmfukd ay;&eftwGuf ud, k af wmfonf oifEiS hf uRefawmfhtwGuf rnfodkY ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygoenf;/ udk,fawmfonf rdrdtoufudk um&meD awmifukef;ay:ü ay;qyfonfxd tzdk;udk ay;awmfryl g onf/ ud, k af wmfonf tjypftwGuf tjrifq h ;kH aomtzd;k udk ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygonf/ udk,fawmfonf oifESifh uRefawmfhtwGuf ay;qyfawmfrlcJhaom wefzdk;ESifh nDrQaom tzdk;udk tjcm;rnfonfh wefz;kd urQ ay;í r&yg/ ud, k af wmfonf oifEiS hf uReaf wmfu h kd cspaf wmf rlaomaMumifh tjrifhqHk;aom qufuyfylaZmfjcif;jzifh ay;qyfawmfrl cJhygonf/ xm0&vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,fjcif;onf or®musr;f pmxJü awGU&S&d aom bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmudk jiif;y,fjcif; jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif onf rnfoaYkd om cspjf cif;arwåmudk ydik q f idk af wmfrcl o hJ enf;/ ud, k af wmf \ cspfjcif;arwåmonf tvGef ta&;BuD;\/ tvGef BuD;rm;vSyg\/ wefc;kd ESihf jynfph ykH g\/ odjYk zpfí ud, k af wmfonf aumif;uif bke;f toa& awmfudk pGefYí EGm;pmcGufü zGm;jrifjcif;udkcHawmfrl&ef ajrBuD;ay:odkY <uvmawmfro l nfxd ud, k af wmf\ arwåmonf tvGeBf u;D rm;vSyg\/ ud, k af wmf\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf tvGeBf u;D rm;vSonf jzpf&m ajrBu;D ay:ü (33)ESpfom touf&SifawmfrlcJhNyD;? aoxdkufaom trIr&Sd aomfvnf; ud, k af wmfu h kd rke;f aom vlw\ Ykd vufjzifh vuf0g;uyfwidk f ay:wGif taocHawmfrl cJhygonf/ aumif;aom vlwpfa,mufonf rdwfaqGtwGuf taocHEkdifaumif;yg\[k or®musrf;pmu qdkxm; ygonf / od k Y a omf v nf ; igwk d Y o nf tjypf & S d p Of y if igwd k Y twG u f taocHawmfr&l ef bk&m;ocif <uawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmfonf igwkYd tm; tvG e f cspf a wmf r l \ / bk & m;ocif \ cspf j cif ; arwå m onf vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü a,½Ic&pfawmf taocHawmfrljcif; tm;jzifh xif&Sm;apygonf/

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27 P-27

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

c&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü taocHawmfrl ouJhodkY ud, k af wmfonf vlw\ Ydk tusirhf sm;udk oHjzifh ½du k x f m;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ bk&m;ocifEiS hf ajzmifrh wfjcif; &&Szd &Ykd ef oifEiS hf igonf tb,ftrIrQ rwwfprG ;f Edik yf g/ tu,fí xdt k &mwdo Yk nf jzpfEidk cf yhJ gu? c&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdif ay:ü taocHawmfrl&ef rvdktyfyg/ udk,fawmf\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf um&meD awmifuek ;f ay:odYk ud, k af wmft h m; ydaYk qmif ay;cJhygonf/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf vlom;wdkYrSm arQmfvifhcsuf uif;rJhpGmjzifh aysmufqHk;aeonfudk udk,fawmfodjrifawmfrlcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmonf vlom;wdkY\ cspfjcif;arwåm uJhodkY r[kwf/ igwkdY\ arwåmonf tuefYtowf&SdcJhygonf/ igwkdY ausmfír&aom tqifh owfrSwfjcif; wpfck&Sdygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; igwko Yd nf vlw\ Ydk arwåmudk ajymqdjk cif;r[kw?f bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif; arwåmudk ajymqdkjcif;jzpfaMumif; oifwkdYtm; uRefawmftoday; vdyk gonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf tajctaeESihf rqdik yf g/ qkv d o kd nfrmS rnfonft h ajctae? rnfonfv h iId ;f udrk Q a&;qG&J ef rvdyk g/ tu,fíyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u oifonfu,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufEdkifygonf/ vrf;rBuD;ay: wpfae&m&mwGif oifonf tjypfjyKrdygu bk&m; ocifonf rdrdcspfjcif;arwåmESifh u,fwifjcif;udk oifhxHrS jyefvnf ½kwo f rd ;f onf[k ,HMk unfygu olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmudk uefYowfxm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; udk,fawmf\ cspfjcif; arwåmonf uefYowfjcif; r&SdaMumif;udk uRefawmf\or®musrf;pmu qdkxm;ygonf/ tb,fodkYaom bk&m;ocifjzpfawmfrlygoenf;/

jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmfonf ud, k af wmfEiS hf qkid &f ef cGet f m;udak y;aom t&mrSm oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmftvkyjf zpfygonf/ uReaf wmf\ tvkyf r[kwfyg/ uRefawmfonf aumif;uifodkYoGm;rnfh bk&m;ocif\om; tjzpf &yfaeygonf/ uReaf wmfch eG t f m;aMumifrh [kwyf g/ uk, d af wmf\ cGeftm;aMumifh jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfjyKaom ajzmifhrwfjcif;aMumifh r[kwfyg/ udk,fawmf\ aumif;jrwfawmfrljcif;aMumifh jzpfygonf/ xdt k aMumif;aMumifh uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;rSm aocsmpdwcf s&jcif; jzpfygonf/ xdkt&mrSm uRefawmfhtay:ü rlwnfrSDcdkonf r[kwf? udk,fawmfüom jzpfygonf/

crnf;awmf\ qHk;rawmfrljcif; ]]xd k a Mumif h ? þrQavmuf rsm;pG m aom ouf a o taygif;wko Yd nf igwdu Yk kd 0dik ;f &Hvsuf &SMd uonfjzpfí? igwdo Yk nf cyford ;f aom 0efwu Ykd ¤kd if;? aESmif, h u S w f wf aom 'kp½dkufudk¤if; y,f&Sm;í? igwdkY rsufarSmufü

]]a&G;Ekwjf cif; aeY&ufwikd af tmif oifwu Ykd kd wHqyd cf wf awmfral om bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom0dnmOfawmfukd pdwfremapMuESifh}}/ ({zuf 4;30) oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf c&pfawmfukd rdrw d \ hkd u,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,H k M unf ud k ; pm;Muaomtcg igwd k Y u d k wH q d y f a wmf r l a Mumif ;

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69

,HkMunfolwdkY\ wHqdyfcwfawmfrljcif; ]],k'vlwo Ykd nf edrw d v f u©Pmudk awmif;wwf Mu\/ a[vo vlwo Ykd nf ynmudk &SmwwfMu\/}} (1aum 1;22) ]]oifwo Ykd nfvnf; u,fwifawmfrjl cif; taMumif;ESihf ,SOaf om {0Ha*vdw&m; wnf;[laom or®mw&m;udk Mum;em &í xkcd &pfawmfukd ,HMk unfNy;D rS? uwdawmfEiS hf ,SOaf om oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wHqyd cf wfjcif; udk cH&MuNy/D ydik x f u kd af wmfral om olwo Ykd nf bke;f awmf udk csD;rGrf;jcif; taMumif;ESifh a&G;Ekwfawmfrljcif;odkY ra&muf r S D umv ywf v H k ; xk d 0 d n mOf a wmf o nf igwdt Yk arG\ p&ef jzpfawmfr\ l /}} ({zuf 1;13-14)

P-28

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

xm;aom yef;wH;k wdik o f Ykd a&mufjcif;iSg? tm;ravsmb h J ajy;MuukeftHh/ ,HkMunfjcif;udk tptOD; pD&ifí pHv k ifapawmfral om ocifa,½Iukd aphaphaxmuf½MI u uket f /hH xko d cifonf rdrad &SUüxm;aom 0rf;ajrmuf jcif ; taMumif ; aMumif h ? &S u f a Mumuf a omt&mud k rrSwfbJ vuf0g;uyfwdkifü cHNyD;rS? bk&m;ocif\ yv’ifawmfvufsmbufü xdkifaeawmfrl\/}}

used ;f 0yfawmfrv l Qif b,faomtcgrQ pGecYf mG roGm;awmh ygaMumif; or®m usrf;pmuwdawmf&Sdygonf/ tu,fí uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk uRefawmfqHk;½HI;oGm;Ekdifygu uRefawmfaoaomtcsdefü i&JodkYoGm;& ygrnf/ xdktcg usdef;0yfawmfrlonfh oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf uRef a wmf E S i f h t wl i&J o d k Y oG m ;&ygvd r f h r nf j zpf \ / od k Y a omf v nf ; xdt k &monf b,faomtcgrQ rjzpfvmEkid yf g/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf bk&m;ocifonf rdru d , kd u f kd i&JoYkd ydaYk qmifawmfrrl nf r[kwyf g/ odjYk zpfí uReaf wmfonf wpfBurd u f ,fwif jcif; cHcyhJ gu b,faomtcgrQ rqH;k ½H;I Ekid yf g/ uReaf wmf\pdwt f wGi;f xJü used ;f 0yfawmfral om oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonfvnf; qH;k ½H;I oGm;vdrrhf nf r[kwaf Mumif; tmrcHcsuf uRefawmfhü &Sdygonf/ xdkt&mrSm rjzpfEdkifaomt&mjzpfygonf/

(a[NAJ 12;1-2) þae&mü bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf toH;k jyKaom yHu k m; csyfrSm NydKifyGJ0ifaom tajy;orm; wpfOD;jzpfygonf/ olonf udk,f tav;csed w f ifí avhusiahf eygonf/ odaYk omf vnf; NyKd iyf JG r0ifrSD olonf xdt k av;csed rf sm;udk cRwí f ab;z,fxm;vdu k yf gonf/ tu,fí olonf xdkt&mrsm;udk cRwfxm;ygu tav;csdefonf olYtm;aES;apygrnf/ tav;csdefrsm;onf avhusifhzdkY twGufaumif;ygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; xkt d &mrsm;[m NyKd iyf 0JG ifzt Ykd wGuf raumif;yg/ tajy;orm; wpfO;D onf ta&mw0ifrvkyf onft h &mwpfcsKUd wk&Yd ydS gonf/ tb,fh aMumifq h akd omf xkdt&mrsm;onf olYtm; NydKifyGJwGif ol\tm½Hkudk vGifhyg;apvdrfhrnf jzpf\/ c&pf,mefwkdY taejzifhvnf; igwkdYtm; tajy;NydKifyGJwGif xm;&Sd NyD;jzpf\/ igwkdY[m avhusifhcef; ,laejcif; r[kwfawmhyg/ odkYjzpfí tav;csed rf sm;udk ab;z,fxm;Mu&ygrnf/ c&pf,mef toufwmxJü tav;csed rf sm;rSm igwdt Yk m; bk&m;ocif\ trIawmfukd xrf;aqmif&mü aemufjyefqGJaomt&mrsm; jzpfygonf/ igwkdYtm; aemufqHk;aom yef;wkdifrS tm½HkvGifhyg;apaom rnfonfht&mudkrqdk tvdk r&SdMuyg/ igwko Yd nf ajy;vrf;tqH;k wkid af tmif a&mufzYdk tvd&k SdMuygonf/ odjYk zpfí igwk\ Yd toufwmrsm;xJoYkd 0ifvmaom tjypfrsm;udk ab;z,f xm;Mu &ygrnf/ igwko Yd nf tav;csed rf sm;udk csxm;Mu&ygrnf/ igwko Yd nf a,½Ic&pfawmfukd Munfv h Quf yef;wdik f ta&mufajy;Mu

,HkMunfolwdkYudk cGeftm;ESifh jynfhpHkapawmfrljcif; þt&mESihf pyfvsO;f í vlwüYkd trsm;ydik q f idk af om rSm;,Gi;f onfh cH,lcsufwpfckrSm uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk apmifhxdef;&eftwGuf uReaf wmfonf wpfpw kH pf&mudk vkyaf qmif&ygrnf[al om cH,cl suEf iS hf uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifudk ]]NrJNrHpGm udkifxm;&rnf}} [laom tjcm;rSm;,Gif;onfhcH,lcsuf&Sdygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; or®mw&m;rSm uRefawmf u,fwifjcif;&zkdY&ef bmudkrQ vHkavmufpGm uRefawmf rvk y f a qmif E k d i f y g/ uRef a wmf h u d k apmif h x d e f ; awmf r l a om ol r S m bk&m;ocif om jzpfawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfü NrNJ rpH mG pGu J ikd jf cif;rSm uReaf wmf r[kwfyg/ ]]qkawmif;aomtcsu[ f rl u l m;? 0dnmOfawmf tm;jzifh oifwdkY\ twGif;vludk cGeftm;ESifh NrJNrHckdifcHhapí/}} ({zuf 3;16) uReaf wmf\ twGi;f vlukd cGet f m;ESijhf ynfph akH pí cdik Nf rpJ mG qGu J idk f xm;aomt&mrSm oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; 68

29 P-29

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&ygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf igwd\ Yk yHo k ufaojzpfawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmf onf yef;wH;k wkid o f Ykd ajy;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk f udk xrf;cJyh gonf/ c&pf,meftoufwmxJü uReaf wmf xrf;&rnft h &m rsm;pGm&Syd gonf/ uReaf wmf cH&aom qif;&J'u k u © rkd Munf/h yef;wkid \ f tqH;k udo k m Munfah eygonf/ ]]tjypf&SdaomolwdkYvufwGif? xkdrQavmufBuD;aom qD ; wm;aES m if h , S u f j cif ; ud k cH a wmf r l a omocif u d k axmuf½I qifjcifaomtm;jzif?h tm;avsmph w d yf sujf cif; ESihf uif;vGwt f ahH omiSg BuKd ;pm;Muavmh/ oifwo Ykd nf 'kp½du k t f jypfukd qdik Nf yKd if wdu k v f eS í f ud, k af oG; xGuf onfhwdkifatmif rcH&Muao;/}} (a[NAJ 12;3-4) oifonf yifyef;EGr;f e,f aeygovm;/ oifonf tm;enf;csed jYJ cif; udk cHpm;zl;ygovm;? odrYk [kwf vufajrm§ uft½I;H ay;&ef oif\vufrsm;udk ½kwo f rd ;f zl;ygovm;/ oifonf arQmpf if ay:rS ypfcsjcif;uJo h Ykd cHpm;zl;yg ovm;/ xdt k &mrsm;udk uReaf wmfcpH m;cJzh ;l ygonf/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufygu rnfonfh tcsed u f mvürqkd oifüvnf; &Sdygrnf/ yifyef;EGrf;e,fjcif;udk atmifjrifausmfvTm;Edkifaomenf;vrf;ESifh oif\rsupf t d m½Hu k kd c&pfawmf ay:üom jyefvnfp;l pdu k af p&ef qE´ukd &&SdzdkYenf;vrf;udk oifhtm; or®musrf;pmu ajymjyxm;ygonf/ ]]xdkrSwpfyg;? ighom;? xm0&bk&m;qHk;rawmfrljcif;udk rrSwb f J raeESi/hf oif\tjypfukd ppfaq;awmfral om tcg pdwrf ysuEf iS /hf xm0&bk&m;onf cspaf wmfral om olukd qHk;rawmfrlwwf\/ vufcHawmfrlorQaom om;wdu Yk kd 'Pfcwfawmf rlwwf\[k oli,fwu Ykd q kd kd ouJo h ?Ydk oifwu Ykd kd ajymqdak om Mo0g'pum;udk arh avsmMh uoavm/}} (a[NAJ 12;5-6)

bk&m;ocifukd ykeu f efawmfveS jf cif;tm;jzifh xdt k &mudk a&G;,lc&hJ ygonf/ oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf þavmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;vmaomtcg tjypfxo J Ykd OD;ñGwfaponf/ tjypfw&m;ü arG;zGm;vmcJhMuygonf/ igwdkYonf tjypfudk a&G;cs,f&ef tmrcHxm;ygonf/ odkYjzpfygaomaMumifh tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfh toufwmudk jyKjyif ajymif;vJay;ygu uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif; &&SdchJ NyD;aemufydkif;ü bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfhudk apmifhxdef;awmfrlygu uReaf wmfonf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmf\ txJüvnf; oGm;vmawmfryl grnf/ xdt k &mrSm oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrlcsufyifjzpfygonf/ uRefawmf u,fwifjcif; &&SdcJhaomtcg uRefawmf\ pdwfxJü touf&Sif&ef oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfudk uRefawmftm; ay;awmf rlonfjzpfaomaMumifh ,ckwGif uRefawmf\ txJü udef;0yfawmfrl aMumif;udk or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ uReaf wmf oGm;av&m&mü Doug Hammett oGm;vmjcif;omr[kwy f g/ bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf uRefawmfESifhtwl oGm;vmawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf jyKorQt&mü xdck Pjcif;wGif bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf&Sdyg\/ u,fwifjcif;onf wcPjcif;wGif oift h m; u,fwifawmfr&l ef oifonf OD;ñTwí f a,½Ic&pfawmftm; qkawmif;aomtcg bk&m;ocif \ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf oif\txJodkY 0ifawmfrl\/ xdk tcsdefrSpí 0dnmOfawmfudk oifü xm0& tpOf usdef;0yfawmfrl\/ tu,fí wpfpw kH pfO;D onf ol\txJü oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfukd used ;f 0yfawmfrl jcif;r&Syd gu olwo Ykd nf u,fwifjcif;odYk ra&mufMujcif; jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf[m bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfaMumif; tmrcHaomolrmS twG i f ; yd k i f ; ü ud e f ; 0yf a wmf r l a om bk & m;ocif \ oef Y & S i f ; aom 0dnmOfawmfjzpfygonf/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf wpfBudrf

30

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

þrysufpD;Ekdifaom arG;zGm;jcif;\ obm0aMumifh tu,fí uReaf wmfonf rysupf ;D Ekid af om rsK;d aphtm;jzifh arG;zGm;vmygu xdt k &m rSm tpOftNrJwnfí b,faomtcgrS ta0;odkY vk,lroGm;Edkifyg/ uRefawmfhrSm xm0& touf&SdNyD;jzpf\/ uRefawmf[m xdkt&mESifh xku d w f efír[kwyf g/ xdt k &mudk uReaf wmfv h yk t f m; (tusi)hf jzifh &,ljcif; vnf; r[kwfyg/ uRefawmf[m rysufpD;Ekdifaom rsKd;aphwnf;[laom bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmftm;jzifh w k , d arG;jcif;udk cH&aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ xdkxm0&toufudk b,faomtcgrQ rqHk;½HI;Edkifyg/ ta0;odv Yk nf; vk,í l r&yg/

]]odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ 0dnmOfawmfonf oifwYkd txJü used ;f 0yfawmfrv l Qi?f oifwo Ykd nf Zmwdyuwd bufü &SMd uonfr[kw/f 0dnmOfyuwdbufü &SMd u\ c&pf a wmf \ 0d n mOf u d k r&aomol r nf o nf u m; c&pfawmfESifhrqkdif/}} (a&m 8;9) vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;odaYk &mufaomtcg olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif\ 0dnmOfawmf udef;0yfaom ae&mjzpfvmonf[k or®m usr;f pmu oGeo f ifxm;ygonf/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf olw\ Ykd txJü ae&m,lí ude;f 0yfawmfr\ l / tm'Hukd zefqif;awmfral omtcg bk&m;ocif\ yHo k @efawmf ESit hf nD pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;xJü zefqif;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ tm'Htm; tjypfjyKEidk af om enf;vrf;jzifh zefqif;awmfrcl jhJ cif;r[kwyf g/ olonf

igwko Yd nf yef;uH;k wdik o f Ykd ajy;aeMuonfjzpf&m igwko Yd nftjypf jyKrdjcif;ESifh trSm;rsm;udk jyKrdaom tcsdef&SdMuygvdrfhrnf/ igwkdYonf bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm;jzpfaMumifh igwko Yd nf rSeaf om vrf;aMumif; ay:odYk jyefvnfa&mufEikd &f ef ud, k af wmfonf igwd\ Yk b0 toufwm xJoYkd yJjh yifq;kH rjcif;'Pfukd ,laqmifvmygvdrrhf nf/ oift h m; rSeaf om vrf;ñTefjcif;ü oGm;apzkdY&efBudK;pm;apmifha&Smufum oifMum;ay;oludk txiftjrifao;&G&H mS jcif; rjyKEiS /hf xdak e&mü wpfpw kH pfO;D onf oifEiS hf twl&í dS oift h m; rnfonft h &mudk vky&f rnfukd ajymjyay;aomaMumifh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sdyg/ ]]oifwo Ykd nf qH;k rawmfrjl cif;udck v H Qi?f om;wdu Yk jkd yKouJh od?Yk bk&m;ocifonf oifwu Ykd kd jyKawmfr\ l / taMumif; rl u m;? tbrqH k ; raom om;wpf p H k wpf a ,muf &S d o avm/ om;taygif ; wk d Y o nf cH w wf a om qH;k rjcif;udk oifwo Ykd nf rcHbaJ evQi?f om;&if;r[kw?f rif;OD;rif;vGif&aomom; jzpfMu\/ wpfenf;um;? ud, k u f m,ESihf pyfqidk af om tbwdv Yk ufjzifh igwdo Yk nf qH;k rjcif;udck &H aomtcg? olwu Ykd ½kd akd oMu\/ xkrd Qru? pdwf0dnmOfwdkY\ tbxH 0efcHtyfESHvQif? touf csrf;om&Murnf r[kwfavm/}} (a[NAJ 12;7-9) igwko Yd nf Bu;D jyif;vmaomtcg igwku Yd kd yJjh yifay;aom ajrBu;D qdkif&m zcifrsm;udk igwkdYwGif ajrmufrsm;pGmaom olwdkYü&Sd Muygonf/ uReaf wmft h m; a&csK;d cef;odYk oGm;&ef zcif\ oGm;wdu k w f H (odrYk [kw)f cg;ywfu, kd al y;&ef apcdik ;f cJjh cif;rsm;udk uReaf wmfrw S rf yd gonf/ uReaf wmf a&csK;d cef;odYk roGm;rDS id, k v kd Quf &Sad ecJyh gonf/ tb,faMumifq h adk omf bmawGjzpfvmrnfudk uRefawmf odcJhygonf/ xkdt&m[m emusifrI jzpfrnfukd uReaf wmfocd yhJ gonf/ uReaf wmf onf jyif;xefpmG id, k ckd yhJ gvQif tazu cdkif;awmhrnfr[kwf[k tpOftNrJpOf;pm;rdcJhygonf/ xkdodkY b,faomrQjzpfrvmcJhyg/ vuf0g;jzifh½dkufjcif;udkom cHcJh&ygonf/

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twGif;ydkif;ü usdef;0yfawmfrlonfh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf ]]crnf;awmfonf or®mw&m;udjk yaom 0dnmOfawmf wnf;[laom wpfyg;aom OyZÑm,fq&mudk oifwEYkd iS hf twl tpOfrjywf wnfaeapjcif;iSg oifwdkYtm; ay;awmfrlrnf/}} (a,m 14;16)

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uRefawmfhtazonf uRefawmfhudk tvGefcspfaomaMumifh qHk;r yJjh yifcyhJ gonf/ uReaf wmfonf zciftm; ½dak oav;pm;rIukd ay;cJyh gonf/ uRefawmfonf tazudk ½dkaoav;pm;onfjzpfí olYtm; b,faom tcgrS tefcHíjyefrajymcJhyg/ igwkdY\ b0toufwmxJü bk&m;ocif\ qHk;ryJhjyifawmfrl jcif;onf ajrBu;D ESiq hf idk af om igwd\ Yk zcifxrH S &&So d nfh qH;k ryJjh yifjcif; xuf ydí k rsm;pGmta&;Bu;D Ny;D ydí k tvGef ta&;ygaom toufaoG;cJ jzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf bk&m;ocifonf tprS tqHk;xd jrifawmfrl\/ bk&m;ocifonf igwkdY vkyfaeaom t&mrsm;udkom jrifawmfro l nf r[kw?f igwd\ Yk &nf&, G o f nft h aMumif;&if;ESihf pdwEf v S ;kH udyk g jrifawmfr\ l / tu,fí uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocif\om;rSev f Qif om;uJhodkYqHk;ryJhjyifjcif;udk cH&ygvdrfhrnfjzpfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu qdkxm;ygonf/ uReaf wmfo h m;orD;rsm;ay:ü uReaf wmfwm0ef&ydS gonf/ olwo Ykd nf uReaf wmft h m;jzifh qH;k ryJjh yifjcif;udk cHMu&ygonf/ oif\om;orD;rsm; ay:ü oifwm0ef&Sdygonf/ olwkdYonf oifhtm;jzifh yJhjyifqHk;rjcif;udk cHMu&ygonf/ tu,fí oifonf ud, k af wmf\ om;jzpfygu oifonf udk,fawmf\ yJhjyifqHk;rjcif;udk cH&rnf[k bk&m;ocifrdefYawmfrl\/ tu,fí oifonf yJjh yifq;kH rjcif;udrk cH&ygu oifonf rif;OD;rif;vGif &aomom;? w&m;0if r[kwaf omom; jzpfygonf/ oifonf ud, k af wmf ESifhrqkdifyg/ uRefawmf u,fwifjcif;&onfudkrnfodkY aocsmpdwfcsEdkif rnfenf;/ tu,fí uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ om;rSefvQif yJjh yifq;kH rjcif;udk cH&ygrnf/ bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm;tm;vH;k wko Yd nf xm0&bk&m;\ qHk;ryJhjyifjcif;udk cHMu&ygrnf/ þt&monf xm0& vHNk cKH rEI iS hf rnfoYkd qufE, G rf &I ydS goenf;/ igwkt Yd jypfvyk af omtcg bk&m;ocifonf igwku Yd kd qH;k ryJjh yifawmfryl g ovm;/ igwk d Y t jypf vk y f a omtcgwk d i f ; ü igwk d Y \ u,f w if j cif ; qH;k ½H;I oGm;ygovm;/ bk&m;ocifonf ud, k af wmfEiS q hf ufo, G rf I qH;k ½I;H

jzpfygonf/ aemufqHk;wGif xdkysufpD;wwfaom rsKd;aphonf aooGm; &ygrnf/ odkYaomfvnf; 'kwd, arG;jcif;cHaom igwkdYonf bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk xJodkY arG;zGm;vmcJhMuNyD;jzpfygonf/ xdkarG;zGm;jcif;rSm bk&m; ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfwnf;[laom rysupf ;D rykyo f ;kd Ekid o f nfh rsK;d aph tm;jzifh arG;zGm;jcif;u ae&m,lcJhygonf/ ]]odkYjzpfí? ,HkMunfjcif;onf Mum;emjcif;tm;jzifh jzpf\/ Mum;emjcif;onfvnf;? bk&m;ocif\ pum;awmftm;jzifh jzpf\/}} (a&m 10;17) tb,faMumifq h akd omf uReaf wmf[m u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufcNhJ yD jzpf\/ bk&m;ocif onf uReaf wmft h m; tm'H\ tjypf'Pfp&D ifjcif;\ aojcif;udk aMunmawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ bk&m;ocifu '' Doug '' oifonf i&Joo Ykd mG ;Ny;D jzpfygonf/ tjypf'Pfp&D ifjcif;rSm ta0;odYk z,f&mS ;oGm; cJNh y;D jzpfygonf/ xdt k &m[m aq;aMumcJNh y;D jzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdkaomf xdktjypftwGuf a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taoG;awmf tm;jzifh tjynfht0 ay;qyfcJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfukd a[majymjcif; tm;jzifh bk&m; ocif\oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrljcif;aMumifh uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ tdrfaxmifrdom;pk xJodkY arG;zGm;vmcJh ygonf/ þtopfaom arG;zGm;jcif;onf rysufpD;Edkifaom arG;zGm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ tb,f aMumifq h akd omf xdt k &mrSm xm0&umv touf &Sifvsuf wnf&Sdawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmftm;jzifh jzpfygonf/ aemufq;kH wGif þrysupf ;D Ekid af om arG;zGm;jcif;onf rysupf ;D Ekid af om tarGukd cHjcif;xJü tqH;k oyfomG ;rnfjzpfaMumif; uwdawmfukd vnf; uReaf wmf &&Syd gonf/ xdak e&m[m bk&m;ocifEiS hf twl&adS e&m aumif;uiftrd af wmfjzpfí b,fawmhrS rysupf ;D Edik ?f vk,o l mG ;ívnf; r&Ekdifyg/

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rd o m;pk j zpf a paomtcg uRef a wmf o nf c&pf a wmf ü &S d o rQaom t&mtm;vH;k udk tarGcaH omolwpfa,muf jzpfvmcJyh gonf/ (1 a,m 5;11-12)/ a,½I c &pf a wmf ü &S d a om touf r S m xm0&touf ? bk&m;ocif qkid af omtouf? rysupf ;D Edik f aom toufEiS hf rnpfnL; aom toufjzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh touf&SifaomoluJhodkY oifhudk uReaf wmf ajymqdak eygonf/ ud, k u f m,ESihf qkid af om toufr[kw?f xm0&touf jzpfygonf/ onft h &if uReaf wmf[m rdrt d jypfaMumifh i&JoYkd OD;wnfaeygonf/ ,ckwiG f uReaf wmf\ OD;wnfaeaom c&D;vrf; qHk;rS aumif;uifEkdifiHawmfodkY jzpfygonf/

oGm;aom wpfpHkwpfOD;udk tb,faMumifh qHk;ryJhjyifawmfrloenf;/ tu,fí olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif\ om;r[kwaf wmhb;l qdyk gu bk&m; ocifonf olwu Ykd kd qH;k ryJjh yifawmfrrl nfr[kwyf g/ igwko Yd nf wpfBurd f u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS yhJ gu tpOftNrJ u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&adS eygonf/ igwko Yd nf tpOftNrJ ud, k af wmf\ *½kpdkufjcif;ESifh tcGifh tmPmatmufü &SdaeMuygonf/ igwkdYonf abmifjyifoaYkd &mufaomtcg qH;k ryJjh yif&efrmS ud, k af wmf\ wm0efjzpfyg onf/ tu,fí oifonf wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ bk&m;ocif\ qHk;r yJjh yifjcif;udk rcHcyhJ gu oifonf ud, k af wmfEiS q hf idk af om olr[kwaf om aMumifjh zpfygrnf/ oif[m pmwefEiS o hf m qdik yf grnf/ bk&m;ocifonf pmwef\om;orD;rsm;tm; wpfa,mufudkrQ qHk;ryJhjyifawmfrlrnf r[kwfyg/ ]]taMumif;rlum;? xdt k bwdo Yk nf rdrt d vdo k v Ykd u kd í f wcPom qHk;ray;Mu\/ udk,fawmfrlum;? rdrd oef&Y iS ;f jcif; yg&rDawmfukd igwdo Yk nf qufqaH p jcif;iSg? igwd k Y t usKd ; ud k axmuf í om qH k ; ray;awmf r l \ / qHkrjcif;rnfonfum;? cH&pOftcg 0rf;ajrmufp&m rxif? 0rf;enf;p&m xifwwf\/ odaYk omfvnf;? qH;k r jcif;udk cH&aomolwo Ykd nf? aemufrS Nird o f ufjcif;ESihf oufqdkifaom ajzmifhrwfjcif;tusKd;udk cH&Mu\/}} (a[NAJ 12;10-11) pnf;urf;wusjyKjyifjcif;ESifh qHk;ryJhjyifjcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufrSm rnfonft h &m jzpfygoenf;/ xkt d &mrSm (a&mr 8;29) ü awGU&onf/ igwkt Yd m; bk&m;ocif\yHo k P²mefxüJ jyKjyifawmfr\ l / ({zuf 1;5-6) ü igwdo Yk nf ud, k af wmfa&SUü oef&Y iS ;f jcif;&Sí d tjypfwifciG Ehf iS hf uif;um cspjf cif;arwåmxJü &S&d rnf/ (a[NAJ 12;10) ü igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmf\ oefY&Sif;awmfrljcif;udk rQa0cHpm;olrsm; jzpfMuzdkY&ef[laom &nf&G,f csufyif jzpfygonf/

4/ topfaom rsKd;aph ]]razmufjyef rysupf ;D wwfaom rsK;d aphwnf;[laom touf&iS í f tpOftNrJ wnfawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmftm;jzifh jzpfzGm;aomaMumifh nDtpfudkrsm;udk cspfa,mifraqmif trSefcspfjcif; tvdkYiSg? pdwfxJrSm or®mw&m; udk em;axmifvsuf? udk,fpdwfESvHk;udk pifMu,fapNy;D onfEiS hf tnD? pifMu,faompdwEf iS hf tcsi;f csi;f tm;Bu;D aom cspfjcif;arwåm&SdMuavmh/}} (1ay 1;23) uReaf wmfonf þavmuodYk arG;zGm;vmaomtcg ysupf ;D Ekid af om rsK;d aphtm;jzifh uReaf wmf arG;zGm;vmcJo h nf/ þpmudk zwf½aI om oifwYkd ta,mufwidk ;f wd[ Yk m wpfaeYaomtcg aoMu&ygvdrrhf nf/ oifonf ud, k u f m,qkid &f mü þtoufukd ausmv f eG o f mG ;&ygvdrrhf nf/ oifonf þavmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;apcJah om rsK;d aphrmS tm'H\ rdom;pkrS vmaom ysufpD;ykyfodk;Ekdifonfh rsKd;aphjzpfygonf/ oifonf touf&SifzdkY&ef arG;zGm;vmcJhjcif;r[kwfyg/ oifonf aozd&Yk efom arG;zGm;vmcJ&h ygonf/ taES;ESit hf jref a&mufvmrnfjzpf ygonf/ oifü ysupf ;D Ekid af om arG;zGm;jcif;&S\ d / tb,faMumifq h akd omf oif[m ysupf ;D Edik af om rsK;d aphtm;jzifh arG;zGm;vmcJyh g onf/ xdt k &mrSm oif\ rdbESpyf g;wdu Yk oifu h kd ay;Edik o f nfh taumif;qH;k aom t&myif 64

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oif o nf rnf o d k Y touf &S i f o nf t aMumif ; ES i f h rqk d i f b J aumif;uifEikd if aH wmfoYdk oGm;rnfukd oif od&adS p&ef bk&m;ocifonf oifu h kd u,fwifawmfrcl o hJ nf r[kwyf g/ oift h m; tjypf vkyzf Ykd vdik pf if ay;&ef udk,fawmfonf oifhudk u,fwifawmfrlonf r[kwfyg/ wpfaeYaomtcg oifonf udk,fawmfa&SUü tjypftemtqmr&Sd? tjypfwifcGifhESifh uif;vQuf pHkvifaomol? oefY&Sif;aomoltjzpf ay:vmap&ef bk&m;ocifonf oifu h kd u,fwifawmfrjl cif; jzpfygonf/ xdak eYü oifonf tjynft h 0bke;f 0if pm;jcif;(cs;D ajrm§ ufjcif;)odYk a&muf&dS oGm;ygrnf/ rnfonfhtjypfodkY r[kwf? rnfonfh tjypftemtqmrQ r&Sb d J ay:vmzd&Yk efEiS hf oifonf xm0&umv twGuf ud, k af wmf\ aus;Zl;awmf\ pifwpfckjzpfzdkY&ef jzpfygonf/ tu,fí yk*Kd¾ vw f pfO;D u oifonf u,fwifjcif; &Edik af omfvnf; aemufyikd ;f ü xku d ,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H Edik yf gonf[k ajymqdyk gu bk&m; ocif\ tBut H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f onf ysupf ;D oGm;vdrrhf nf[í l ajymqdk jcif;jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif; arwåmonf cdkifvHkatmif Bu;D rm;jcif;? eufejJ cif;? aumif;jrwfjcif;? r&S[ d í l olwaYkd jymqdjk cif;om jzpfygonf/ olwu Ykd bk&m;ocif\ qH;k ryJjh yifawmfrjl cif;onf rnfonfh wefzdk;rQr&Sd[k ajymqkdjcif;jzpfygonf/ odjYk zpfí bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf tkwjf rpfay:ü uReaf wmf ajymqko d nfrmS oifüxm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf crnf;awmf\ vkyaf qmifawmf rljcif;tm;jzifh tmrcHay;xm;ygonf/

odo Yk mG ;&ef ae&mudk jyifqifay;awmfr\ l / uReaf wmfonf a&S;a[mif; rsK;d qufrS ajymif;vJ&ygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf tm'H\ rdom;pkEiS hf qkid í f aepOf i&Jonf uRefawmfhtwGuf c&D;vrf;qHk;jzpf\/ odkYaomfvnf; uRefawmfonf a,½Ic&pfawmfudk uRefawmf\ u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HMk unfu;kd pm;aom aeYrpS í bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmft h m; tm'H\ rdom;pkrS EIw, f í l a,½Ic&pfawmf\ rdom;pk0if pm&if;xJü xnfo h iG ;f awmfr\ l / a,½Ionf uReaf wmfrh o d m;pk\ OD;acgif;jzpfvmygonf/ 2/ topfaom obm0Zmwd xdo k jYkd zpfysucf ahJ omtcg uReaf wmfonf topfaom obm0udk tarGccH yhJ gonf/ uReaf wmf\ Zmwda[mif;onf tjypfü csnaf ESmifxm; yg\/ uRef a wmf o nf tpOf t NrJ tjypf j yKae\/ uRef a wmf o nf aumif;atmif b,fvdkbJBudK;pm;ygap tjypfxJodkYom usa&mufcJh& ygonf/ oHrIHoHp uav;rsm;onf oHvkdufay: pGJuyfaeouJhodkY jzpfcyhJ gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; uReaf wmfonf a,½Ic&pfawmfukd u,fwif &Sit f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcaH om tcg uReaf wmft h m; bk&m;ocif\ Zmwd yuwdukd ay;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xdt k &mrSm bk&m;ocif ud, k af wmfwidk \ f Zmwdyuwdyif jzpfygonf/ (2ay 1;4) ,ckwGif uRefawmfonf ajzmifhrwfjcif;odkY a&mufNyD;jzpf\/ uRefawmfonf pHkvifjcif; tqifhodkY a&mufNyD[k ajymqdkjcif; r[kwyf g/ tjypfukd jyKaom uReaf wmf\ Zmwda[mif;vnf;&Syd gao;\/ odkYaomfvnf; ,ckwGif uRefawmfü a&G;cs,f ydkifcGifh&Sd\/ txufu uReaf wmfonf tjypfü csnaf ESmifvsu&f \ dS / ,ckwiG f uReaf wmfü a,½I c&pfawmf twGuftouf&Sif&efa&G;cs,fydkifcGifh&SdNyD;jzpf\/ (a&m 6-8) 3/ topfaom c&D;vrf;qHk; uRefawmfu,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufaomtcg topfaom c&D; vrf;qHk;udkvnf; vufcH &&SdNyD;jzpf\/ uRefawmfhtm; bk&m;ocif\

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ESifhtwl xm0&umv touf&Sif&Sdaejcif;rSm uif;vGwfapjcif;jzpf ygonf/ aumif;uifoo Ykd mG ;aom vrf;wpfc&k adS Mumif; a,½I rdeaYf wmfr\ l / ud, k u f m,ydik ;f qdik &f mr[kw?f 0dnmOfyikd ;f qdik &f m obm0xJü arG;aom 'kwd, arG;jcif;&Sdygonf/ xdkt&mrSm udk,fcEÅmü aoí wpfzef vl 0ifpm;jcif; oabmrsK;d r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm oifu, kd w f idk f uav;oli,f jyefjzpfoGm;um oifvTJacsmfcJhaomt&mrsm;udk BudK;pm;í rSefuefap jcif;r[kwfyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf rdefYawmfrlaom aumif;uifodkY oGm;&mvrf;rSm 'kw, d arG;zGm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ igwdo Yk nf bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh 'kwd, arG;jcif;udk cHMu&ygonf/ (wdwk 3;5) ud, k af wmfonf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufaomtcsed üf igwd\ Yk touf wmrsm;xJodkY 0ifvmum igwdkYudk topfarG;apawmfrl\/ (odkYr[kwf) igwdkYtm; touf&Sifapawmfrlí bk&m;ocifESifh rdwfo[m, jyKap awmfrl\/

tcef; (3) om;awmf\vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; ]]om;a,mufsm;udk zGm;jrifvdrfhrnf/ xkdom;onf rdrv d w l u Ykd kd tjypfru S ,fcRwrf nfo h l jzpfaomMumif?h a,½I [laom trnfjzifh rSn&hf rnf [k aumif;uifwrefq\ kd /}} (róJ 1 ;21) xm0& vHNk cKH rüI a,½Ic&pfawmfonf rnfonft h &mudk vkyaf qmif awmfrlygoenf;/ (róJ 1;21)ü udk,fawmf arG;zGm;awmfrlonfESifh a,½I[al om trnfuakd y;Mu\[k qkyd gonf/ a,½I [laomtrnfemr \qdv k &kd if;rSm ]]u,fwif&iS }f } [lí jzpfygonf/ yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;onf ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfay:ü,HkMunfaomtcg olonfu,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&dS oGm;Ny[ D k or®musr;f uqdyk gonf/ (a&mr 10;19-13) olwdkYonf aemufqHk;wGif u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&ef bk&m;ocifonf olwdkYudk xkdtajctaexJü xm;&Sdawmfrlonf[lí ajymqdjk cif;r[kwyf g/ vlonf ypöKyeÜ u f mvü u,fwifjcif;&Edik o f nf[k qdkvdk&if;jzpfygonf/ xkdt&mrSm jzpfEdkif\/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwd\ Yk u,fwifjcif;twGuf tzd;k tcudk ay;qyf awmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpf\/ odjYk zpfí u,fwifjcif;onf ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ xm0& vHNk cKH r\ I Mo0g'u uReaf wmfu,fwifjcif;&onfh aeYrpS í bk&m;ocifEiS t hf wl tdraf wmfoo Ykd mG ;aomaeYxd uReaf wmfü vHNk cKH r&I o dS nf [k qdkxm;ygonf/ uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk b,faomrS qHk;½HI; vdrfhrnf r[kwfaMumif;udk uRefawmf taotcsmpdwfcsEdkifygonf/ ud, k af wmf\ om;orD;rsm; xJrS wpfa,mufaomol taejzifh bk&m; ocifonf uReaf wmft h m; jiif;y,faomaeYoYkd b,faomtcgrQ &Sv d rd rhf nf

oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ topfarG;zGm;jcif; (wd 3;5) xJü u,fwifjcif;onf oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ 'kw, d arG;jcif;ESiYf qkid af om aq;aMumjcif;ESihf topfjyKjyifjcif;tm;jzifh vmonfudk igwdkYtm; ajymjyxm;ygonf/ u,fwifjcif;rSm igwdkY vkyaf qmifaom ajzmifrh wfjcif;tm;jzifh r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm bk&m;ocif \ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;tm;jzifh jzpfygonf/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdu Yk kd topfarG;zGm;apawmfr\ l / (od)Yk igwdx Yk üJ toufukd tjrpfpJG apawmfr\ l / 1/ topfaomrdom;pk i&JoYkd oGm;&ef xku d w f efaom uReaf wmft h zdYk aumif;uifü xm0& toufukd ay;awmfr\ l / uReaf wmfonf tjcm;aom rdom;pkEiS q hf idk \ f / uReaf wmft h m; tm’\ H rsK;d pOfrsK;d qufrS a&TUajymif;í aumif;uif Edik if aH wmf 62

35 P-35

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

r[kwyf g/ uReaf wmfonf ud, k af wmfEiS hf qdik yf g\/ ]]xm0&vHNk cKH rrI &S}d } [lí uReaf wmfac:qdak om t&mudk ,HMk unfaomolonf tvGef ½d;k om; ajzmifhrwfaom vlwpfcsKdUwkdYonf igwkdY\ urÇmavmuxJü &SdaeMu ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwkdYtm; ay;awmfrlNyD;jzpfaom u,fwif jcif;udk igwko Yd nf wpfae&m&mü tjypfwpfpkH wpf&mudk jyKryd gu qH;k ½H;I oGm;Edik o f nf[k olw, Ydk MkH unfMuygonf/ tu,fí xm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf or®musr;f pmxJü oGeo f ifaomt&m jzpfygu bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywf awmfxJü rjzpfEkdifonfh wpfcsKdUaom t&mrsm;udk oifhtm;azmfjyvdk ygonf/ ]]xdek nf;wl igqko d nfum;? bk&m;ocif\ aumif;uif wrefwo Ykd nf aemifw&aom vlqdk;wpfa,mufü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&SdMuonf [kred aYf wmfr\ l /}} (vkum 15;10) ajrBu;D ay:ü wpfpw kH pfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;okYd a&mufaom tcg xdt k csed f cPcsi;f wGif aumif;uifü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&S\ d / aumif; uifü&Sad om aumif;uifwrefwEYdk iS hf vlwo Ykd m 0rf;ajrmufjcif; &SMd uonf r[kwfyg/ aumif;uifwrefrsm; &Sd&m t&yfü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sd\/ bk&m;ocif teEÅwefcdk;&Sif udk,fawmfwkdifrSwpfyg; tjcm;aomrnf olonf aumif;uifwref &S&d m ae&mü&Sad wmfrrl nfenf;/ crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf rdryd v’iaf wmfay:ü xdik af wmfrl vsuf wpfpw kH pfO;D onf u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaomtcg 0rf;ajrmufawmfrl\/ odjYk zpfí xm0&vHNk cKH ro I m rrSeyf gu aumif;uifü bk&m;ocif\ 0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf rjzpfEdkif&m/ udk,fawmf 0rf;ajrmuf&aom vl wpfa,mufonf eufjzefaeYwGif wpfzef qHk;½IH;oGm; Ekdifygovm;/ bk&m;ocifonf cyfodrf;aomt&mwkdYudk odjrifawmfrl\/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\ u,fwifjcif;udk qHk;½IH;vkeD;rwwfjzpfvdrfhrnfudk udk,fawmf odawmfr\ l / odjYk zpfvQit f jypfom; wpfO;D csi;f wd\ Yk u,fwifjcif;ay:ü udk,fawmfonf tb,faMumifh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sd&ygoenf;/

rarG; vmEdik o f nf omru pHv k ifaom toufwmüvnf; touf&iS í f r&Edkifyg/ ]]a,½Iuvnf;? a&ESifh 0dnmOfawmf rarG;aomol rnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfoYkd r0if&[k igtrSef tuefq\ kd /}} (a,m 3;5) 'kw, d arG;jcif;[lonfrmS oifonf trd0rf;xJoYkd jyef0ifí b0udk jyefvnftpjyK um pHv k ifjcif;odaYk &muf&ef 'kw, d tBurd f BuKd ;pm;jcif; oabmr[kwfyg/ xdkt&mrSm ]]&GufopfxGufjcif;}} (odkY) auif;aom toufwmü touf&iS &f ef BuKd ;pm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ vlwpfa,mufonf toif;awmfxüJ toif;0ifjcif;? AwåZd rH *Fvmudk cHjcif;tm;jzifh 'kw, d arG;jcif; r&&SEd ikd yf g/ xdek nf;vrf;rSm aumif;uifoaYkd &mufaom enf;vrf; r[kwfyg/ vlwpfa,mufonf bk&m;ocif\ EdkifiHawmfxJodkY 0if&efrSm olonf ESpBf urd af rG;& ygrnf/ yxr? a&üarG;jcif;jzpfygonf/ xdt k &mrSm udk,fum,ydkif;qkdif&m arG;jcif;jzpf\/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf uav; oli,fwpfa,muf rarG;vmrD om;tdrfuGJ&ygrnf/ 'kwd,? 0dnmOfa&;qkdif&m arG;jcif;jzpfygonf/ þavmuxJodkY arG;zGm;vmonfESifh rvHkavmufao;yg/ igwkdYonf 'kwd, arG;jcif; cHMu&onfrSmoefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wefcdk;awmftm;jzifh jzpf ygonf/

36

61

topfarG;zGm;jcif;tm;jzifh u,fwifjcif; vm\ igwdkY wpfOD;csif;wdkYrSm tm'H\ tjypfobm0udk tarGcHvsuf avmuxJodkY arG;vmcJh Muygonf/ xdktjypfw&m;aMumifh igwdkYonf tjypfudk pdwfpGJvef;aeMuygonf/ igwdkYonf aojcif;wnf;[laom tjypfw&m;\tcudk tarGcMH u&ygonf/ xdak ojcif;rSm aoNy;D ocsKØ i;f odYk oGm;jcif;oufouf r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm teEÅwefc;kd &Sif bk&m;ocifEiS hf cGcJ mG jcif;? bk&m;ocifEiS hf qufo, G rf jI yKjcif;rS uif;a0;apjcif;? ud, k af wmf

P-36

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tjypfw&m;onf wpfa,mufaomol (tm’)H tm;jzifh þavmuod0Yk ifí tjypfw&m;tm;jzifh aojcif;w&m;0ifonfEiS t hf nD vltaygif;wdo Yk nf tjypf&adS omaMumifh aojcif;odYk a&mufMu&\/}} [k qdv k &kd if;jzpfygonf/ þavmuxJodkY tjypfudk ,laqmifvmcJhaom olrSm tm'Hjzpf ygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdkaomf igwdkYonf tm'H\ trsKd;tEG,frS arG;zGm;vmcJMh u\/ igwdo Yk nf xdt k jypfw&m;udk tarGccH MhJ u\/ igwdo Yk nf aojcif;udk tarGcaH om oljzpfvmMu\/ igwdUk onf ud, k cf E¨m tm;jzifh wpfaeYaoí ocsØKif;odkYoGm;Mu&vdrfhrnfomru igwdkYonf 0dnmOf üvnf; aoaeMuonfjzpfí bk&m;ocifEiS hf qufE, G rf rI &SMd u&awmhyg/ igwdkYonf udk,fawmfhtm; pum;rajymEdkifMuawmhyg/ igwdkYonf xdt k ajctaeü aumif;uifEikd if o H Ykd b,fvrkd S oGm;í r&Ekid Mf uawmhyg/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf bk&m;ocifonf igwdEYk iS t hf wl vkyaf qmifp&m bmrQr&Sad wmhyg/ igwdo Yk nf tm’\ H rdom;pkxo J Ykd arG;zGm;vmcJMh uygonf/ þavmuxJ o d k Y ud k , f c E¨ m ü arG ; zG m ;vmjcif ; tm;jzif h tm'H \ rdom;pk0ifjzpfMuygonf/

(a,m 3) xJü c&pfawmfESifh pum;ajymqdk&ef vmcJhaom edaum'iftaMumif;udk igwdkYzwf&ygonf/ a,½Ionf q&mawmf wpfyg;xufyrkd í kd xl;uJonfukd Edak um'if od&cdS yhJ gonf/ a,½Iü wpfpkH wpfck xl;jcm;aomtaMumif;&Sdonfudk olodcJhygonf/ c&pfawmfu edaum'iftm;? ]]oifonf 'kw, d arG;jcif;udck &H rnf}} [k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / edaum'ifrmS xdu k o hJ aYkd om rdeaYf wmfrjl cif;tm;jzifh pdw½f w I af xG;cJh &ygonf/ tb,f aMumifq h akd omf olonf ud, k u f m,ykid ;f qdik &f m tqifh üom pOf;pm;rdcahJ omaMumifh jzpfygonf/ olonf trd0rf;xJoYkd wpfzef jyefí rarG;zGm;vmEdik o f nfukd odcyhJ gonf/ olu a,½Itm; ]]þt&m onf tb,fojYkd zpfEidk rf nfenf;} [k ar;avQmufav\/ &Si;f vif;onfh tajzrSm xdo k jYkd yefvnf rarG;zGm;Ekid yf g/ oifonf trd0rf;xJoYkd jyef0ifí

]]wpfzefwHka,½Iu? oifwdkY pdwfESvHk; ylyefjcif;r&Sd apESifh/ bk&m;ocifudk ,HkMunfMuavmh/ ighudkvnf; ,H k M unf M uavmh / igh t b\ td r f a wmf ü aep&m tcef;trsm;&Sd\/ odkYr[kwfvQif r[kwfaMumif;udk oifwt Ykd m; igrajymbJ rae/ oifwaYkd ep&m t&yfukd jyifqifjcif;iSg igoGm;&\/ igonf oGm;í oifwdkY aep&mt&yfukd jyifqifNy;D rS wpfzefvmjyefí? ig&S&d m t&yfü oifwdkY &Sdapjcif;iSg oifwdkYudk ighxHodkY odrf; qnf;rnf/}} (a,m[ef 14;1-3) vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;&aomtcg olt Y wGuf tcef;udk aumif;uifü a,½Ic&pfawmfu jyifqifay;awmfral Mumif; or®musr;f pm uajymxm;ygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; wpfenf;enf;jzifh xm0&vHkNcHKrIr&Sd [lí or®musrf;pmu oGefoifonf[k qdkMuygpdkY/ bk&m;ocifonf oift h m;ay;aom u,fwifjcif;udk oifonf wpfenf;enf;jzifh qH;k ½I;H oGm; Ed k i f y gonf / od k Y j zpf v Qif a,½I o nf aumif ; uif ü oif h t wG u f wnfaqmufaom tcef;udk &yfwefo Y mG ;ygrnf/ þt&mudk Zmwfvrf;ozG,f pOf;pm;Munfyh g/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf aumif;uifü&Sdawmf rlí oifhtwGufaep&mtcef;udk jyifqifay; aeygonf/ oifonf tjypfvyk rf í d u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½H;I oGm;ygonf/ xkt d cg a,½Ic&pfawmfonf crnf;awmfxrH S xdt k cef;jyifqifjcif;trIukd &yfvu kd yf g/ olu,fwifjcif; qH;k ½I;H oGm;Ny/D olonf þae&modYk a&muf rvmawmhyg/ [laom owif;ud&k &Syd gonf/ xkaYd emuf wpfywfcefMY um aomtcg oifonf u,fwifjcif;&Mu\/ xí wzef tcef;jyifqifyg/ olu,fwifjcif;&MuNyD [laomowif;pum;udk a,½I&&Sdjyefygrnf/ ud, k af wmfonf wpfzefjyefomG ;í ajcmufaoGaY om eH&u H kd wnfaqmufjyef ygrnf/ ud, k af wmf tvkyu f kd &yfvu kd yf g/ olu,fwifjcif;qH;k ½I;H jyefygNy}D } [laom ttjcm;owif;udk &jyefygrnf/ xdkt&m[m jyuf&,fjyKzG,fjzpfonfudk uRefawmfodygonf/

60

37

igwdkYtm;vHk; 'kwd,-arG;jcif;cH&ef vdktyfrI

P-37

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

0dnmOfawmf\ topf jyKjyifjcif;tm;jzif¤h if;? igwdu Yk kd u,fwifawmfr\ l /}} (wd 3;5)

odaYk omfvnf; tu,fí oif\ u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H onf[k oifonf ,HMk unfvQif xku d o hJ aYkd om wpfpw kH pf&mudk oifonf ,HMk unf&ygrnf/ xm0&vHkNcHKrIr&Sdjcif;taMumif;udk oifonf &yfípOf;pm;aomtcg xdt k &m rSm vH;k 0OóHrk jzpfEikd ?f &,fz, G af umif;ygonf/ tu,fpifppf u,f w if j cif ; od k Y a&muf a om ol o nf wpf z ef qH k ; ½I H ; aMumif ; ud k or®musrf;pm rnfonfhae&mürQ oGefoifjcif;r&Sdyg/ oifonf wpfBudrf bk&m;ocif\om;jzpfvmNyD; oiftjypf jyKEdkif&ef u,fwifjcif;qHk;½IH; oGm;onfudk oifhtm;rSwfrd pGJNrJJjcif; rjzpfapvdyk g/ qefu Y sizf ufrmS taMumif;&if;jzpfygonf/ vlwpfa,muf onf u,fwifjcif;ü a,½Ic&pfawmftm; rdru d ,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,HMk unf ud;k pm;aomtcg olt Y m; bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxo J Ykd xnf0h ifapygonf/ oifonf bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk0ifjzpfaomtcg vrf;rSm;odaYk &mufygu qHk;ryJhjyifjcif;udk cH&ygvdrfhrnf/ rdrdwdkYudk,fudk 'kwd,-arG;jcif;cH&aomol[lí ajymqdkMuaom vlrsm;pGmwdo Yk nf igwkYd urÇmay:ü &Sad eMuygonf/ olwo Ydk nf rdrw d Ykd ud, k u f kd bk&m;ocif\ om;[kac:qdMk uaomfvnf; olw\ Ykd b0touf &Siyf u kH r[kwaf Mumif;oufaojyygonf/ olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif twGuf toufr&Si?f c&pfawmftwGuv f nf; &yfwnfrI ray;Muyg/ olwo Ydk nf bk&m;ocif\ t&mwkaYd emufoYkd rvdu k Mf uyg/ olwo Ydk nf bk&m;ocif twGuf tapcHvdkaompdwfqE´r&SdMuyg/ olwdkY\toufwm tm;jzifh olw[ Ykd m'kw, d arG;jcif;cHaomolrsm; r[kwaf Mumif; oufaoxlygonf/ odkYjzpfí olwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;qHk;½IH;oGm;Muonf r[kwfyg/ olwkdYonf rsm;pGmaom tjypfudkvkyfrdaomaMumifh bk&m;ocifonf olwdkY\u,fwifjcif;udk ½kwfodrf;oGm;cJhonf r[kwfyg/ jyóemrSm olwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;odkY vHk;0ra&muf&SdcJhMujcif;omjzpfygonf/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI a,½Ic&pfawmfonf rnfonft h &mudk vkyaf qmif aeygoenf;/ c&pfawmfvyk af qmifawmfral omt&monf uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk rnfoYkd tmrcHay; ygoenf;/

igwdkYtm;vHk; arG;&mygtjypfom;rsm;jzpfMu\ oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf þurÇmavmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;vmaomtcg igwdo Yk nf tm'H\ rsK;d pOfqufxrJ S arG;vmcJMh uygaMumif; or®musr;f pmu oGeo f ifxm;ygonf/ wpfenf;qd&k aomf igwdüYk vlom;rdcifEiS hf zcif&dS Muonfomr[kwfyg/ igwdkYü tzdk;tzGm;rsm; acwftqufqufrS vmaom bd;k ab;bDbifrsm; &SMd uonf/ ajrBu;D ay:ü arG;zGm;vmcJo h rQ aomvlom;wdrYk mS {'ifO,smOfxüJ &Scd MhJ uaom tm'HEiS {Yf 0wdrYk S qif;ouf vmcJhMuygonf/ tm'HEiS hf {0tm; urÇmay:ü yxrOD;qH;k xm;&Scd ahJ omtcg olwYkd ESpOf ;D rSm pHv k ifpmG oef&Y iS ;f jcif;&Scd MhJ uygonf/ olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocifEiS Yf twl rdwo f [m, zGUJ vsuf oGm;vmEkid Mf u ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf O,smOfawmfxo J Ykd qif;<uum tm'HEiS t hf wl oGm;vmawmfrcl hJ ygonf/ olwo Ykd nf wpfO;D ESiw hf pfO;D tjyeftvSef pum;ajym qdck MhJ uygonf/ tm'Honf {0\ tBujH yKcsuu f kd vku d ef mum bk&m;ocif wm;jrpf xm;aom toD;udk pm;cJhaom aeYa&mufvmcJhygonf/ ]]rpm;&}} [k bk&m;ocif wm;jrpfxm;aom tyifrmS wpfyifwnf;om &Scd yhJ gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; tm’o H nf xdt k yif\ toD;ud, k í l bk&m;ocifukd tmcH aomtm;jzifh pm;cJhavonf/ olonf xdck Pjcif;rSm aocJ&h \/ xdak ojcif;rSm ud, k cf E¨m aojcif; r[kw/f 0dÓOfa&; qkid &f m aojcif;jzpf\/ olonf rdru d , dk cf E¨mtm;jzifh vrf;oGm;vsuf? pum;ajymvsuf pOf;pm;vsuf&Sdaeygao;\/ odkYaomf vnf; olonf 0dnmOfyikd ;f qkid &f mü aoaeNyjD zpf\/ olonf aemufq;kH wGif udk,fcE¨müvnf; ao&rnfjzpf\/ xdkt&mrSm (a&m 6;23) ü ]]tjypfw&m;\ tpum; aojcif;aywnf;}} [lí ajymqdjk cif;taMumif; &if; jzpfygonf/ xdt k &mrSm (a&m 5 ; 12) ü ]]þaMumif;t&m[lru l m;?

38

59 P-38

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfrsm;tm;jzifh

]]odjYk zpfí vltm;jzifh aojcif;w&m;onf wnfouJo h ?Ykd aoaomolwdkY\ jyef&Sifjcif;w&m;onf vltm;jzifh wnfvsuf &Sd\/ vltaygif;wdkYonf tm’Htm;jzifh aojcif;odkY a&mufonf enf;wl? vltaygif;wkdYonf c&pf a wmf t m;jzif h touf j yef & S i f j cif ; od k Y a&muf&MuvwHh/}} (1aum 15;21-22)

1/ xm0&touf t wG u f uwd a wmf ]]igtrSeftuefqkdonfum;? ighpum;udkem;axmifí ighuakd pvTwaf wmfral om olukd ,HMk unfaomolonf xm0& toufudk &onfjzpfí tjypfpD&ifjcif;udk rcH&/ aojcif;rS touf&iS jf cif;odYk ul;ajrmufaomol jzpf\/}} (a,m 5;24) tu,fí uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfudk ,HMk unfí a,½Ic&pfawmf udk vufcyH gu uReaf wmfonf aojcif;rS touf & S i f j cif ; od k Y ul ; ajrmuf a omol j zpf o nf [ k or® m usrf ; pmu ajymxm;ygonf/ uReaf wmfonf ,ckypöKyeÜ u f mvüyif xm0&toufukd &&SdNyD;jzpf\/ u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaomol tm;vHk;wdkY twGuf xm0&touf&NyD[k bk&m;ocifu uwday;awmfrl\/ ]]xm0&}} qdv k o kd nfum;? ukeq f ;kH jcif;r&Sad Mumif; igwko Yd Md uygonf/ bk&m;ocif onf uRefawmfhudk u,fwifawmfrlaomtcg uRefawmftm; 1971ckESpf rSpí toufudk ay;awmfrl\/ uRefawmftouf&Sifaeoa&GU aemufq;kH aom touf&iS o f nfxo d mru b,faomrS rukeq f ;kH Edik af om toufukd ay;awmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfonf xkt d &mudk xm0& touf[k ac:ygonf/

]]þtaMumif ; t&m[l r l u m;? tjypf w &m;onf wpfa,muf aomoltm;jzifh þavmu odkY0ifí? tjypfw&m;tm;jzifh aojcif; w&m;0ifonfEiS t hf nD? vltaygif;wdkYonf tjypf&SdaomaMumifh aojcif;odkY a&mufMu&\/}} (a&m 5 ; 12) ]]a,½Iu? 'kw, d arG;jcif;udk rcHaomol rnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfukd rjrif&[k igtrSet f uef qdkonf[k jyefí rdefYawmfrl\/ edaum'ifuvnf;? touf B uD ; aomol o nf arG ; jcif ; ud k tb,f o d k Y cHEidk yf grnfenf;/ trd0rf;xJoYkd wpfzef0ifí arG;jcif;udk cHEidk yf grnfavm[k avQmuf\/ a,½Iuvnf;? a&ESihf 0dnmOfawmf rarG;aomolrnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfoYdk r0if&[k igtrSet f uefq\ kd / Zmwdyuwd arG;aomt&monf Zmwdyuwdjzpf\/ 0dnmOfawmf arG;aomt&monf 0dnmOfjzpf\/ 'kwd,arG;jcif;udk cH&rnf[k iga[majymonfudk tHhMojcif; r&SdESifh/}} (a,m 3;3-7)

2/

tjypfwifawmfrljcif; r&SdawmhaMumif; uwdawmf bk&m;ocif\ om;onf tjypfp&D ifjcif;cH&vdrrhf nfr[kwaf Mumif; (a,m 5;24) xJü tjcm;aom uwdawmfudk igwkdYawGY&ygonf/ u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufNy;D aomolukd i&JoYkd ydjYk cif;rSm tjypfp&D ifawmfrl jcif;jzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfudk vufcaH om olonf xm0&toufukd ydik af wmfral om a,½Ic&pfawmf\

]]igwdu Yk siahf om ajzmifrh wfjcif;tusit hf m;jzifh r[kwb f ?J rdrdoem;jcif; u½kPmawmfESifhtnD 'kwd,arG;jcif; ESiq hf idk af om aq;aMumjcif;tm;jzif¤h if;? oef&Y iS ;f aom 58

39 P-39

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

yk*Kd¾ vu f kd vufc&H &Sd onfjzpfí tjypfp&D ifawmfrjl cif;odk aY &mufvrd rhf nf r[kw[ f k or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ xdo k o l nf bk&m;ociftm;jzifh b,faomtcgrQ tjypfpD&ifawmfrljcif;udkrcH &yg/ OyrmqdkMuygpdkY/ (1971)ckESpfupí uRefawmfaoaomaeYtxd wpfae&m&mü uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½H;I Edik v f Qif uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocifa&SUü &yfaomtcg uRefawmfhtm; i&JodkY ydkYawmfrlygrnf/ ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmfay:ü w&m;pD&ifawmfrrl nf/ xdo k v Ykd yk af qmif awmfrlygu uRefawmfonf b,faomrS tjypfpD&if awmfrljcif;odkY ra&mufEkdif awmhyg[lí ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfudk bk&m;ocif csKd;azmufawmfrljcif;jzpfygrnf/

r&SdcJhygu igwdkY[m arQmfvifhcsuf uif;rJhpGmjzifh qHk;½HI;oGm;Mu&ygrnf/ arG;&myg tjypfpaJG om igwdt Yk zdYk rdrw d Ykd ud, k u f u kd , kd f u,fwifEidk af om enf;vrf; odrYk [kwf rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk rdrw d u Ykd , kd w f idk f xde;f odr;f xm;EkdifpGrf; aom enf;vrf; vHk;0r&Sdyg/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf igwdüYk Bu;D rm;aom apmifx h ed ;f rIukd jyKawmfrrlygu igwd[ Yk m bk&m;ocif \ om;orD;rsm;tjzpf wnfNrJaeEkdif&ef pGrf;Ekdifaom enf;vrf;r&Sdyg/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm;jzpf zdkY&ef igwdkYudk,fwkdif rdrdwdkYudk,fudk u,fwifjcif;ESifh apmifhxdef;jcif; wm0ef u d k ay;tyf a wmf r l y gu igwd k Y o nf tjypf x J o d k Y usqif ; í bk&m;ocif xHawmfrS a0;uGmoGm;Muum xm0&touf twGuf arQmfvifhjcif; qHk;½HI;oGm;Mu&rnfrSm aocsvSygonf/ uReaf wmfonf (1971)ckEpS üf u,fwifjcif;&aomtcg? uReaf wmf toufwm ajymif;vJomG ;cJyh gonf/ use&f adS eao;aom ajrBu;D qkid &f m uRefawmfhtoufESifh xm0&umv onf vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; ajymif;vJ oG m ;cJ h o nf u d k uRef a wmf o d & aomaMumif h 0rf ; ajrmuf r d y gonf / uRefawmf\tdrfrSm i&Jür[kwf aumif;uifü&SdaeNyD;? b,faomrS ajymif;vJomG ;vdrrhf nf r[kwaf wmhyg/ uReaf wmfonf topfjyKjyifaom obm0ü bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpf&NyD/ uRefawmf[m jcm;em;aom vljzpfygNy/D u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufaomigwdo Yk nf w k , d arG;jcif; cHaom olrsm;jzpfMuonfukd odem;vnfMu&ygrnf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd u,f w if a wmf r l cJ h y gonf / bk & m;ocif o nf igwd k Y u d k apmifhxdef;awmfrlygvdrfhrnf/ oHk;vGef;wifaom BudK;onfvnf; tvG,fwulrjywfwwf[k igwdt Yk m; or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ (a' 4 ;12)/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI crnf;awmf\ vkyfqmifawmfrljcif;ESifh om;awmf\ vkyfaqmifawmf rljcif;wdkY qufEG,fonfudk igwdkYjrif&ygonf/ ,ckwGif oefY&Sif;aom 0dÓOfawmfb&k m;\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;ESihf 0dÓOf awmfonf igwdu Yk kd rnfoYkd apmifx h ed ;f awmfral Mumif;udk igwdYk Munf&h ygrnf/

3/ olonf uRefawmfhtm; ESifxkwfawmfrlrnf r[kwfaMumif; uwdawmf ]]crnf ; awmf o nf igh t m;ay;awmf r l o rQaom olwo Ykd nf ighxo H Ydk vmMuvdrrhf nf/ ighxo H v Ykd maom olukd igonf tvQi;f ry,f/}} a,m[ef 6;37 tu,fí vlwpfa,mufonf c&pfawmfxo H Ykd vmí trSew f u,f u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufcyhJ gu ud, k af wmfonf xko d w l t Ykd m; b,faom tcgrS ESix f w k af wmfrrl nfr[kwaf Mumif; bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf uwd & S d y gonf / c&pf a wmf a&S U ü &yf a omvl w d k Y o nf ol w d k Y \ tjypfpD&ifawmfrljcif; cH&rnf [laompum;pkudk bk&m;ocif\ EIwf uywfawmfü toH;k jyKxm; ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf arSmifru kd x f o J Ykd ]]xdkolwdkYtm; ESifxkwfawmfrl}} vdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfvnf; þae&mü a,½Ic&pfawmfonf wlnaD om pum;pkukd u,fwifjcif;odaYk &mufaom bk&m;om;wdt Yk aMumif; ajymqd&k mwGiv f nf; toH;k jyKygonf/ olwt Ykd m; b,faomrS ESix f w k f jcif; rcHEikd Mf uyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\uwdawmfrmS uRef a wmf x m0&touf & \/ uRef a wmf o nf b,f a omtcgrQ tjypfp&D ifjcif;udk rcH&/ uReaf wmfonf b,faomtcgrQ ESix f w k jf cif; 40

57 P-40

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

bk&m;ocifonf vlpzD m(pmwef)udk zefqif;aomtcg ewfrif; om;uJo h Ykd zefqif;awmfrlco hJ nf/ ol[m jynfph akH om oef&Y iS ;f jcif;jzifh zefqif;cJí h Bu;D rm;aom aumif;uifwrefjf zpfNy;D aumif;uifü ta&; Bu;D aom vkyif ef;wpfcsKUd udk olü tyfEcHS o hJ nf/ usr;f pm ajymonfum;? odkYaomfvnf; vlpDzgonf bk&m;ocifudk remvdkaomol jzpfvmNyD; olonf bk&m;ocif\ yv’iaf wmfay:rSm xkid zf q Ykd ;kH jzwfvmcJo h nf/ ol\ 0g<um;armufrmrIaMumifh aumif;uifrS ESifxkwfjcif;cH&NyD; pmwef rm&fewf olwpfyg;\ *kPt f oa&ysuaf tmif r[kwrf rSef ajymqdo k ?l vdrfnmolESifh rkó&SdorQ tm;vHk;wdkY\ tz jzpfvmcJhonf/ ol[m bk&m;ociftm; BuD;rm;aom awmfvSefykefuefrIü OD;aqmifaom oljzpf\/ olonf pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;udk pGev Yf w T í f bk&m;ocifEiS hf rdwfo[m,jyKjcif;udkvnf; vHk;0OóHk ysufjym;apcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf tm'HESifh {0udk zefqif;awmfrlaomtcg ud, k af wmfonf olwYkd ESpOf ;D udk pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;jzifh zefqif;awmf rlcyhJ gonf/ olw k u Ykd kd tjypf\ ADZobm0 xJü tjypf&adS omolrsm;uJo h Ykd zefqif;awmfrljcif; r[kwfyg/ olwdkYtm; rpm;&[lí bk&m;ocif wm;jrpfxm;aom toD;ud, k í l pm;&ef zefqif;awmfrcl o hJ nfr[kwyf g/ olwu kYd , kd üf tjypfxJ odYk usq;kH &aom oabmr&Scd MhJ uyg/ od&Yk mwGif oifEiS hf uReaf wmfu h kd pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;xJü zefqif; awmfrljcif; r[kwfyg/ igwdkYonf tm’H\ yHkP²mefjzifh zefqif;í ol\ usq;kH jcif;ESihf ol\tjypfAZD xJü tarGcMH u&ygonf/ igwd[ Yk m tjypfukd jyKvyk Ef ikd af om obm0jzifh tjypf&adS omolrsm;uJo h Ykd þavmuxJwiG f arG;zGm;vmcJhMuygonf/ tu,fí vlpDzmESifh tm'HwdkYu tjypfjyK&ef a&G;cs,cf MhJ uygu tjypfAZD obm0jzifh þ avmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;vmaom igwdo Yk nf þt&m rSeu f efaMumif; tmrcHorl sm;jzpfMuyg\/ igwdo Yk nf rdrw d u Ykd , kd u f kd tjypfxo J Ykd rusatmif xde;f odr;f Edik pf rG ;f vH;k 0r&SMd uyg/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf oifEiS hf uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif; tmrcHudk bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfxJü ay;xm;awmfrljcif;

cH&vdrfhrnfr[kwfyg/ odkYjzpfí uRefawmf u,fwifjcif; qHk;½IH;rnf[k ,HMk unfEidk yf g ao;ovm;/ vH;k 0 OóHk r,HMk unfEidk yf g/ 4/ uRefawmfb,faomrQ ysufpD;jcif;odkY ra&muf&[k uwdawmf ]]igho;kd wdo Yk nf ighpum;oHukd em;axmifí ighaemufoYkd vku d Mf u\/ xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd igod\/ xm0&toufuv kd nf; igay;\/ xkdodk;wdkYonf ysufpD;jcif;ESifh tpOfrjywf uif;vGwMf uvdrrhf nf/ tb,forl Q xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd ighvufrS rEkwfr,l&m/}} (a,m 10;27-28) tu,fí oifonf ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ odk;ppfrSefvQif udk,fawmfaemufodkY vdkuf&ygrnf/ tu,fí oifonf udk,fawmf aemufoYkd rvdu k yf gu oif\ ocif[m rnfojl zpfaMumif;udk aumif;pGm azmfjyxm;ygonf/ oifrnfoaYl emufov Ykd u kd o f nfukd Munfyh gu oif[m rnfoEl iS hf qkid o f nfukd od&ygvdrrhf nf/ þae&mü a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfrmS igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmf \om;orD;rsm;jzpfygu igwkdYonf b,faomtcgrS ysufpD;jcif;odkY ra&muf&yg/ þt&mrSm vlwpfa,muf? *dP k ;f *P odrYk [kwf w&m;a[m q&m wpfOD;ESifh qkdifaom uwdawmfr[kwf&yg/ þonfrSm ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfjzpfygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfu ]]—olwo Ydk nf b,f a omtcgrQ ysuf p D ; jcif ; od k Y a&muf v d r f h r nf r[k w f } } [l í rdeaYf wmfr\ l / a,½Ionf rdro d ;kd wpfaumifurkd QyifvQif i&Jr;D tkid x f o J Ykd ysufpD;ap&ef cGifhjyK&aom aeY&ufonf b,faomrQa&mufvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ odjYk zpfí uReaf wmf 'kw, d arG;jcif;cH&aom aeYu pí uReaf wmfü &Sdaom u,fwifjcif;udk qHk;½IH;&aom tEÅ&m,f b,faomrS r&Sdyg/ bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmfay:ü tjypfp&D ifjcif; odrYk [kwf ESix f w k af wmf rljcif; odkYr[kwf ysufpD;jcif;odkYa&muf&ef cGifhjyKawmfrljcif; tEÅ&m,f b,fawmhrS&Sdvdrfhrnfr[kwfyg/ xdkodkYjzpfEdkifonfh wpfckwnf;aom

56

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

enf;vrf;rSm a,½Ic&pf awmfonf rkomESifhqdkifaomoljzpf&ygrnf/ ud, k af wmfü rkótvsO;f r&Sad Mumif; uReaf wmf odygonf/

odkYaomfvnf; rdrdtzdkY igwdkYudk *½kpdkufapmifha&Smuf awmfrlaom u,fwif&iS u f kd aumif;uifü igwd&Yk MdS uygonf/

a,½Ic&pfawmf\ qkawmif;jcif;toufwm tm;jzifh

ed*Hk;csKyf uRefawmfonf a,½Ic&pfawmfudk u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunf udk;pm;aom aeYrSpí uRefawmfh u,fwifjcif;? rqHk;½HI;EkdifaMumif;udk pdwfcsrI&Sdygonf/ crnf;awmfESifh qufoG,frI qHk;½HI;onfh taMumif; pdk;&drfrI uRefawmfhrSmr&Sdyg/ uRefawmhfrSm b,ftcgrS aMumuf&GHUjcif;? pdk;&drfjcif; r&Sdyg/ igwdYk aMumuf&UHG rnfh t&mrSm igwdo Yk nf tjypfxo J Ykd usí crnf; awmftm; rESpo f ufaprnfh t&mudk aMumuf&UHG &ygrnf/ crnf;awmf\ tvdkawmfrS vTJoGm;&rnfudk igwdkY aMumuf&GHU&ygrnf/ emrawmfudk ½Iyfcsp&mjzpfapjcif;udk aMumuf&GHU&rnf/ uRefawmfaoaomtcg aumif;uifodkYoGm;rnfudk odygonf/ uReaf wmfoo H , vH;k 0 r&Sdyg/ ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfrsm;? qkawmif;ay;jcif;? tzdk;ay;jcif;ESifh ypöKyÜefumv vkyfqmifawmfrl jcif;rsm;aMumifh uRefawmfod&ygonf/

]]xdt k cg aovGeaf omol\ tcsKØ i;f rSausmufukd a&TUMu \/ a,½Ionfvnf; txufoYkd Munfah rQmv f su?f tb? udk,fawmfonf tuREfkyfpum;udk em;axmifawmf rl a om aus;Zl ; awmf B uD ; vS y g\/ ud k , f a wmf o nf tuREykf pf um;udk tpOfrjywf em;axmifawmfro l nfukd tuREf k y f o d y g\/ od k Y a omf v nf ; ud k , f a wmf o nf tuREykf u f kd apvTwaf wmfro l nfukd 0ef;&Hvsuf &Sad om þvltaygif;wdkYonf ,HkMunfapjcif;iSg olwdkY\ tusK;d udk axmufí þodYk tuREykf f avQmufyg\[k rdefY>rufawmfrlNyD;rS?}} (a,m 11;41-42) a,½Ic&pfawmf\ qkawmif;awmfrljcif;rsm;twGuf tpOftNrJ tajz&awmfrcl o hJ nfukd igwkYd od&ygonf/ crnf;awmfonf ud, k af wmf\ qkawmif;jcif;udt k pOftNrJ Mum;awmfrí l tajzay;awmfr\ l ud, k af wmf onf þpum;vH;k rsm;udk taMumif;&if;ESpcf w k jYdk zifh qkawmif; awmfrcl hJ ygonf/ yxr? bk&m;ocifonf qkawmif;jcif;udk tajz ay;awmf rlaomol jzpfaMumif;udk tem;0ef;usifü &SdaomolwdkY od&SdzdkY&efESifh ud, k af wmfonf bke;f xif&mS ;jcif;&Sdap&ef jzpfygonf/ 'kw, d ? bk&m;ocif onf ud, k af wmf\ qkawmif;csurf sm;udk tpOftNrJ Mum;awmfr&l ef tajz ay;awmfrlonfudk olwdkYtm;od&Sd&ef udk,fawmftvdk&SdcJhygonf/ xdkodkY xkwfazmfEkdifjcif;rSm BuD;jrwfawmfrlonfr[kwfygvm;/ ]]olwYdk tzdt Yk vdik gS tuREykf f qkawmif;yg\/ avmuD om;wdt Yk zdt Yk vdik gS qkawmif;onf r[kwyf g/ tuREykf f tm; ay;awmfrlaomolwdkYonf udk,fawmf\ vljzpf

tcef; (4) oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dÓOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifrl ]]xm0&toufuv kd nf; igay;\ xdo k ;dk wdo Yk nf ysupf ;D jcif;ESihf tpOfrjywfuif;vGwMf uvdrrhf nf/ tb,forl Q xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd ighvufrS rEkwrf ,l&m/ xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd igü tyfay;awmfral om ighcrnf;awmfonf cyford ;f aom olwx Ykd uf Bu;D jrwfawmfro l nf jzpfí? tb,forl Q xkd odk;wdkYudk ighcrnf;awmf\ vufrS rEkwfr,lEkdif&m/}} (a,m 10;28-29)

42

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

aomaMumifh? xdkolwdkY tzkdYtvkdiSg qkawmif;yg\/ tuREykf Ef iS hf pyfqidk af om t&m&So d rQwo Ykd nf ud, k af wmf ESihf pyfqikd Mf uyg\/ ud, k af wmfEiS hf pyfqidk af omt&m &So d rQwo Ykd nfvnf; tuREykf Ef iS hf pyfqidk í f ? xkt d &mwdYk tm;jzifh tuREykf o f nf bke;f xif&mS ;yg\/ ,ck rSpí tuREfkyfonf þavmuü r&Sdyg? þolwdkYrlum;? þavmuü &S&d pfMuygrnf/ tuREykf o f nf ud, k af wmf xHoYkd oGm;ygrnf/ oef&Y iS ;f awmfral om tb? ud, k af wmf ESifh tuREfkyfonf wpfvHk;wpf0wnf; jzpfouJhodkY tuREykf t f m;ay;awmfral om þolwo Ykd nf jzpf&ygrnf taMumif;? olwu Ykd kd ud, k af wmf\ emrü wnfapawmf rlyg/ tuREykf o f nf þavmuü þolwEYkd iS w hf uG &Spd Of umv? olwdkYudk udk,fawmf\ emrü wnfapygNyD/ tuREykf t f m; ay;awmfral omolwu Ykd kd tuREykf af pmifrh ygNyD/ xkdolwdkYwGif ysufpD;jcif;\ om;wpfa,mufrS wyg;tb,forl S ysupf ;D jcif;odYk ra&mufyg/ xkd olonf ysufpD;jcif;odkYa&mufonf taMumif;um;? usrf;pm jynfhpHkrnftaMumif;wnf;/}} (a,m 17;9-12) þusr;f csuüf a,½Ionf vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:ü tao cHawmfrl &rnfh tcsed af &muf aeonfukd azmfjyygonf/ ud, k af wmftaocHawmfrí l ud, k af wmfonf aumif;uifoYkd wuf<uawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ þtcef;i,f rsm;xJü a,½Ionf rdrw d ynfah wmfwt Ykd m; crnf;awmfü tyfxm;awmf rlygonf/ ]]þolwu Ykd kd þavmurS Ekw, f al wmfrrl nftaMumif; tuREykf f awmif;onf r[kwyf g/ raumif;aom trI t&mES i f h uif ; vG w f a pjcif ; iS g apmif h r awmf r l r nf taMumif;udo k m awmif;yg\/}} (a,m 17;15)

igwdkYtm; tjypfrSuif;a0;atmif apmifhxdef;&ef bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf a&;om;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ igwdt Yk vd&k &dS m tjypfjyKEidk zf Ykd vkdifpifxkwfay;jcif; oabmjzifh a&;om;jcif;r[kwfyg/ tu,fí oifonf bk&m;ocif\ om;rSefygu oif\pdwfae oabmxm;rSm tjypfjyK&ef tvd&k rdS nf r[kwyf g/ 2/ tu,fí igwdkYtjypfjyKygu a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwdkY\ a&SUaejzpfawmfrl\/ a,½I c &pf a wmf o nf ajzmif h r wf a om a&S Y a ewpf y g;jzpf \ / uk, d af wmfonf aumif;uifü crnf;awmfa&SUwGi&f yfum igwdt Yk wGuf ckcv H suf avQuv f cJ sux f ak cs ay;awmfr\ l / igwdYk tjypfjyKrad omtcg pmwefonf umif;uifodkY ajy;wufí ]]a[;? Doug Hammett tjypfjyKrd jyefNy[ D k qd\ k \ odaYk omfvnf; a,½Ic&pfawmfonf &yfvsuf ]]crnf ; awmf Doug Hammett \ tjypf r sm;twG u f uRef a wmf oGef;avmif;cJhaom taoG;udk jyefíowd&awmfrlyg/ xdkt&monf tjypftm;vH;k udk ajzvTwaf y;cJo h nfuv kd nf; owd&awmfryl g/ crnf;awmff þolukd tjypfvw T af wmfryl g/ olUtwGuaf Mumifh r[kwyf g/ uReaf wmfh twGuaf Mumifh cGiv hf w T f ay;awmfryl g}} [k qkawmif; avQmufay;awmf rlygrnf/ xdktcg crnf;awmfu ]]tjypfvTwfawmfrlNyD}}[k rdefYawmfrl ygrnf/ pmwefonf ½HI;edrfhcJhjzpfonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf igwdkY\ trIudk avQmufvJxkacsay;awmfrlaom a&SUaeonf aumif;uifü igwdt Yk wGuf &Syd g\/ 3/ uGsefawmfwdkYtwGuf a,&Ic&pfawmf awmif;yef ,cktcsed üf a,½Ic&pfawmfonf aumif;uifEikd if w H iG f &yfvsuf bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;&So d rQ tm;vH;k wdt Yk wGuf ud, k pf m;jyK qkawmif; ay;awmfryl g\/ igwdrYk aorD igwdYk onf pHv k ifjcif;odYk ra&mufEikd yf g/ 54

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

crnf;awmfonf wpfpHkwpfOD;udk ]]apmifha&Smufawmfrl&ef}} rnf onft h wGuaf Mumifjh zpfygoenf;/ xdo k q Ykd akd omf xko d o l nf aumif;uif (odrYk [kw)f i&Joo Ykd mG ;&ef olwjYdk yKro l nft h wkid ;f aoaomaeYwidk af tmif awGY&SdzdkY&ef apmifhae&rnf[k qdkvdkjcif;jzpfygovm;/ bk&m;ocifonf wynfah wmfwt Ykd m; urÇmavmuBu;D rS tjyifzufoYdk ac:awmfr&l ef a,½I c&pfawmf qkawmif; jcif;r[kwyf g/ bk&m;ocifonf olwt Ydk m; pmwef \ wefcdk;rS apmifhxdef;awmfrl&ef qkawmif;cJhjcif;jzpfygonf/ ]]xdo k w l Ykd tzdu Yk o kd m tuREyfk q f ak wmif;onf r[kwyf g/ olwYkd a[majymjcif;tm;jzifh tuREykf u f kd ,HMk unfaom olwYkd tzdu Yk v kd nf; qkawmif;yg\/}} (a,m 17;20) a,½Ic&pfawmfonf xdo k w l üYkd &Sad om rdrw d ynhaf wmfrsm; twGuf om qkawmif;awmfrl cJjh cif;r[kwyf g/ igwd\ Yk ypöKyeÜ u f mv rsK;d pOfqufoYkd wkid af tmif acwftqufquf {0Ha*vd w&m;udk ,kMH unfaomoltm; vHk;wdkYtwGuf jzpfygonf/ rnfolrqdk a,½Ic&pfawmf\ {0Ha*vd w&m;udk ,HkMunfvufcHaom olwkdif;wdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ 0dnmOf awmftm;jzifh 'kw, d -arG;jcif;cHaomol jzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif;odYk trSeaf &mufygu ud, k af wmfonf oift h zdYk qkawmif; awmfrl\/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ qkawmif;jcif;rSm igwdo Yk nf crnf;awmftm;jzifh apmifx h ed ;f awmfrjl cif; &SMd u&efjzpfygonf/ c&pfawmf\ qkawmif;csuu f kd tpOftNrJ em;axmifawmfr\ l / þt&mrSm bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; tajzay;awmfro l nf[al om ta&;Bu;D onfh Mo0g'yif jzpfonf/ ]]touf&Sifjcif;ESifh pyfqkdifaom arQmfvifhjcif; taMumif; &Sdapjcif;iSg? azmufjyefjcif;? npfpGef;jcif;? n§Kd ;EGr;f jcif;ESihf uif;pifaom tarGawmfukd igwdo Yk nf cH&aprnftaMumif;? a,½Ic&pfukd aojcif;rS jyef&iS f apawmfral omtm;jzif?h Bu;D pGmaom u½kPmawmfEiS hf

trIaqmifocif onf crnf;awmfxüH &Sad wmfr\ l /}} (1 a,m 2;1)

1/ igwdkY tjypfjyK&ef bk&m;ocifonf tvdkr&Sd oifonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIudk ,HkMunfonf[k ajymqdkaomtcg oiftm; wpfpHkwpfOD;u oifonf tjypfjyKaejcif;udk ,HkMunfí xdk t&mrsm; a&SmifvTJaeonf[k pGyfpGJtjypfwif aeygrnf/ xdkt&mrSm olwdkYonf a&mrMo0g' xJü wrefawmf&Sif aygvkudk pGyfpGJcJhMujcif; jzpfyg onf/ olonf xdu k o hJ aYkd om Mo0g'udk ol,v kH nf; r,H?k oGeo f if jcif;vnf;rjyKcyhJ gaMumif; olwt Ykd m; &Siaf ygvk &Si;f vif;pGm ajymjycJjh cif; jzpfygonf/ ]]cspfom;wdkY oifwdkYonf 'kp½kdufudk rjyKapjcif;iSg þt&mrsm;udk oifwdkYtm; iga&;í ay;vkduf\/}} (1a,m 2;1)

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]]taMumif;rlum;? &efoljzpfvsufyif bk&m;ocif\ om;awmf taocHawmfrljcif; tm;jzifh? igwdkYonf bk&m;ocifEiS hf jyefvnfoifjh rwfjcif; aus;Zl;awmfukd cH&onfreS v f Qi?f jyefvnf oifjh rwfNy;D rS? toufawmf tm;jzifh u,fwifawmfrjl cif;odYk a&mufrnf[k omí arQmfvifhp&m&Sd\/}} (a&m 5;10) vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü taocHawmfrlNyD;aemuf c&pfawmfonf aumif;uifoYkd jyefwufawmfr\ l / ,aeYwiG f ud, k af wmfonf crnf;awmf \ vuf,mawmfbufü xkid af wmfr\ l / ocif a,½Ic&pfawmfonf ,ck wGif aumif;uifü&Sad eonfh &nf&, G cf surf mS oifEiS u hf Reaf wmfh twGuf jzpfonf[k or®musr;f pmu igwdt Yk m; ajymjyxm;ygonf/ uk, d af wmfonf xdak e&mü igwdt Yk wGuf ud, k pf m;jyK qkawmif;ay;aeygonf/ ud, k af wmf onf crnf;awmf a&SUü igwd\ Yk a&SUaejzpfawmfr\ l /

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tnD igwdu Yk kd wpfzefjzpfbmG ;apawmfral om? igwko Yd cif a,½Ic&pf\ crnf;awmfbk&m;ocifonf r*Fvm&Sd awmfral pownf;/ rnfonfh tcgrQ arS;rSed jf cif;? ysuf pD;jcif;? aysmufysufjcif; rjzpfEkdifaom tarGawmfudk oift h zkYd aumif;uifbükH odx k m;vsu&f \ dS / aemufq;kH umvü zGijhf yjcif;iSg tqifoifh jzpfaeaom u,fwif jcif; a&mufvmonfw h ikd f ,HMk unfjcif; tm;jzifh bk&m; ocif\ wefckd;awmfonf apmifhxdef;awmfrl\/}} (1 ay 1;3-5) 'kwd, arG;jcif;cHaom olwdkYom bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk0if rsm;jzpf M uNyD ; rysuf p D ; Ek d i f a om tarG q uf c H o l r sm;jzpf M uonf [ k bk&m;ocifu uwdawmf&ydS gonf/ xdt k &mrSm rysupf ;D Ekid f aom tarG? wjznf;jznf; ysufjym;jcif;odkY ra&mufEkdifaom tarGaysmufuG,fjcif; (odkY) vTifhoGm;jcif;ESifh vGwfaomtarGjzpfygonf/ xdkt&mrSm trSef wu,f&í dS xm0&wnfaomtarGjzpfygonf/ xdt k arGukd bk&m;ocif\ wef c d k ; awmf t m;jzif h apmif h x d e f ; awmf r l j cif ; cH & aomol w d k Y u aumif;uifEidk if w H iG f cHpm;&&S&d ef odr;f qnf;xm;aom tarGjzpfygonf/ trSepf ifppf? a,½Ic&pfawmfonf (a,m 17) ü qkawmif;cJo h nfh a0g[m& pum;vH;k rsm;udk ayw½ku toH;k jyKcjhJ cif;jzpfonf/ igwdo Yk nf bk&m;ocif\ wefc;kd awmf tm;jzifh apmifx Y ed ;f awmfrjl cif;cHMu&onfukd ajymqdkxm;ygonf/ tu,f í igwd k Y o nf vl \ wef c d k ; (od k Y ) toif ; awmf \ wefcdk;tm;jzifh apmifhxdef;jcif; cHMuygu igwdkYonf BuD;rm;aom jyóemudk awGUMu&ygrnf/ odkYaomfvnf;? igwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ wefcdk;awmftm;jzifh apmifhxdef;Muonf[k udk,fawmf rdefYawmfrl\/ bk & m;ocif \ wef c d k ; awmf r S m b,f a omtcgrQ tqH k ; ray;? rusqif;Ekdifyg/

uRefawmfhtjypfvTwfjcif;&zdkY&ef a,½Ic&pfawmf vkyfaqmifonfht&m ay:ü wpfpw kH pfcu k kd uReaf wmfxyfí ay;&rnf[k ,HMk unfjcif;jzpf\/ ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf NyD;pD;awmfrlcJhaom trIay:ü oifonf bmqdb k mrS xyfí raygif;xnfEh idk yf g/ xdt k wGuaf Mumifh vlwpfa,muf onf wpfBurd f 'kw, d arG;jcif;cHygu ol\ u,fwifjcif; b,faomrS rqH;k ½H;I Ekid af wmhygaMumif; ,HMk unfraI y:ü ckid cf efpY mG uReaf wmf &yfaejcif; jzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif; qHk;½HI;Ekdifygu a,½I c&pfawmf ay;qyfawmfrjl cif;rSm b,fvrkd S tusK;d oufa&mufrI &Srd nf r[kwfawmhyg/

ypöKyÜefumv? a,½Ic&pfawmf\ vkyfaqmifrIaMumifh ]]bk&m;ocif a&G;aumufawmfral om olwu Ykd dk tb,f olonf tjypfwifrnfenf;/ ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfap aomolum;? bk&m;ocifaywnf;/ tjypfpD&ifaom olum; tb,folenf;/ taocHí cHonfomru? aojcif;rS jyef&Sifí bk&m;ocif\ vufsmbufü aevsu?f igwdt Yk zdYk qkawmif;aomolum; c&pfawmf aywnf;/}} (a&m 8;33-34) ]]xdo k EYkd iS t hf nD? rSeaf om oef&Y iS ;f &mXmewd\ Yk yHjk zpfaom vlwYkd vufjzifv h yk af om oef&Y iS ;f &mXmexJoYkd c&pfawmf onf r0ifb?J igwdt Yk wGuaf Mumifh ,ck bk&m;ocif\ a&SUawmfü udk,fudkjyjcif;iSg aumif;uif udk,fxJodkY 0ifawmfrlNyD/}} (a[NAJ 9;24) ]]cspfom;wdkY? oifwdkYonf 'kp½dkufudk rjyKapjcif;iSg þt&mrsm;udk oifwt Ykd m; iga&;í ay;vdu k \ f / wpfpkH wpfa,mufaom olonf 'kp½du k u f kd jyKrv d Qi?f ajzmifh rwfawmfral om t&Siaf ,½I c&pfwnf;[laom igwdYk 52

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a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ay;qyfawmfrljcif;aMumifhjzpf\

ay;qyfawmfrlcJh\/ xdkxufru uRefawmfaoaomaeYxd wkdifatmif &Sdaom tjypfrsm;twGufyg ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygonf/

]]xdkolonf igwdkYvGefusL;jcif; tjypfrsm;aMumifh? emusipf mG xd;k jcif;? ESyd pf ufjcif;udk cH&av\/ igwd\ Yk Nidrfoufjcif;csrf;omudk jzpfapaomqHk;rjcif;onf olYtay:odkYa&mufí olcH&aom 'Pfcsuftm;jzifh igwdo Yk nf temaysmufvsu&f MdS u\/ igwdYk &So d rQonf od;k uJo h Ykd vrf;vGv J su?f ud, k v f rf;odYk toD;toD; vku d f oGm;Muonfjzpfí xm0&bk&m;onf cyfodrf;aom igwdkY\ tjypfrsm;udk olYtay:ü wifawmfrl\/}} (a[&Sm 53;5-6) wpfcsKUd aom vlwu Ykd þusr;f csuo f nf ud, k u f m, ydik ;f qkid &f m tema&m*gNird ;f jcif;jzpfonf[k rSm;,Gi;f pGm cH,Ml uonf/ odaYk omfvnf;? igwd\ Yk tjypftaMumif;udk &Si;f vif;pGm ajymqdx k m;ygonf/ a[&Sm, ajymqdkonfh tema&m*gNidrf;jcif;rSm 0dnmOfa&;qkdif&m usef;rmjcif;? tjypfaMumifh igwd\ Yk pdwEf v S ;kH rsm;ESihf toufwmrsm;xJoYkd vdt k yfaom usef;rmjcif;udk ajymqdkaejcif;jzpfygonf/ ]]rdrdpdwf 0dnmOfcH&aoma0’em\tusKd;udk rdrd jrifí tm;&vdrrhf nf/ xdak jzmifrh wfaom ig\ uReu f kd oduRrf;jcif;tm;jzifh? olonf trsm;aom olwdkYudk ajzmifhrwf&mü wnfapvdrfhrnf/ olwdkY\ tjypfudk udk,fwdkifaqmif&Guf&\/}} (a[&Sm 53;11) a,½Ic&pfawmfonf u&meDawmifukef;ay:&Sd vuf0g;uyfwkdif ay:wGif ½ku d x f m;jcif;cH&mü aumif;uifEiS hf ajrBu;D Mum; csw d q f x JG m;jcif; jzpf y gonf / crnf ; awmf bk & m;ocif o nf / avmuD o m;tm;vH k ; ? a,usfm;wkdif;? rdef;rwkdif;ESifh tm'H\ rsKd;pOfqufrS arG;zGm;vmaom uav;&So d rQtm;vH;k wd\ Yk tjypfukd ,lí a,½Ic&pfawmfay:ü wifawmf rl\/ a,½Ionf opfwkdifay:ü csdwfxm;jcif;cH&mwGif crnf;awmf

c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm tjypftwGuf ay;qyf&efom jzpf\/ tu,fí oifonfor®musrf;pmwpfckvHk;udk &SmMunfhygu oif\tjypfrsm;udk ta0;odkY ,loGm;aomtjcm; enf;vrf;wpfckudkrQ oifawGUrnfr[kwfyg/ tjypfESifhtwl vkyfaqmifEkdifonfh tcsufESpfckom &Sdygonf/ yxrtcsuf? oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf ay;qyf&ef a,½Ic&pfawmfudk oif tcGifh ay;Ekdif&rnf/ 'kwd, tcsuf? oifonf i&JodkY oGm;í oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf oifu, kd w f idk af y;qyfEikd yf gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; tu,fí oifonf i&JoYkd oGm;Ny;D oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf tuket f pif? tjynfht0 ay;qyfjcif;iSg oifonf b,fawmhrS NyD;qHk;Edkifawmhrnf r[kwfyg/ oif\ tjypfrsm;twGuf vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; ay;qyf&ef 'ku©a0'em cH&jcif;onfvnf; vHkavmufonfhtcsdef b,fawmhrS a&mufvmvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ þt&mudk pOf;pm;qifjcifyg/ oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf ay;qyf&ef oif o nf i&J ü xm0&umv ae&ygvd r f h r nf / od k Y & mwG i f a,½I c&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:ü xdk wdak wmif;vSaom oH;k em&Dwm ½dkufxm;jcif;cH&aomtcg udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhjypfrsm; tm;vHk;? oif\tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;ESifh urÇmvlom;rsm; tm;vHk;wdkY\ tjypfrsm; tm;vHk; twGuf ay;qyfí rukefqHk;Ekdifaom tjypfrsm;twGuf ud, k af wmfonf xdek m&Dyikd ;f twGi;f üom ay;qyfawmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ tu,fí uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½H;I Ekid o f nf[k uReaf wmf ,HMk unfygu c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;onf uReaf wmf\ u,fwif jcif;udk xde;f odr;f ay;&ef rvHak vmufaomaMumifh uReaf wmf ud, k w f idk f wpfpHkwpfckudk vkyfaqmif&rnf[lí ,HkMunfjcif;om jzpfygonf/

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

twGuf ESpfBudrfay;tyfzdkY&ef taMumif;r&Sdyg/ xm0& vHkNcHKrIü b,ft&mudk jyKvkyfygoenf;/ tu,fí vl wpfa,mufonf wpfaeYwiG f u,fwifjcif;&í aemufwpfaeYwiG f ol\ u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½H;I oGm;onf[k uReaf wmf,MkH unfygu? a,½Ic&pfawmf onf uRefawmfh tjypftwGuf ,aeY ay;qyfcJhNyD; jzpfaomfvnf; ud, k af wmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm eufjzefaeYtzdYk rvHak vmufyg[lí ,HMk unfjcif;oabmjzpfygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; tjypftwGuf c&pfawmf\ ay;qyfawmfrjl cif;rSm vltm;vH;k wd\ Yk tjypftm;vH;k twGuf ckid v f v kH suf vHkavmufaeygaMumif; bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrlonf/ uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifESifh EIwfuywfawmfudk ,HkMunf&ef a&G;cs,fxm;ygonf/ a,½I c&pfawmfonf uRefawmfh tjypfrsm; tm;vHk;twGuf ay;qyfawmfrlNyD;jzpfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu qdkxm; ygonf/ ud, k af wmf\ vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:wGif taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm uRefawmfhtjypfrsm; tm;vHk;twGuf tjypfajzvTwfjcif; (tjypfudk z,f&Sm;jcif;) twGuf jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf ukd,fawmf\ pdw0f n d mOf yifyef;jcif;? 'kua© 0'emudk Munfjh rifawmfrí l auseyfawmf rl\/ odjYk zpfí a,½Ic&pfawmfonf uReaf wmft h jypfrsm; twGuf ay;qyf awmfrNl y;D jzpf&m uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk b,fvekd nf;ESirhf Q rqH;k ½H;I Ekid af Mumif; bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfrS uwdawmf uReaf wmfrh mS &Sdygonf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrljcif;rSm uRefawmfhtjypfrsm; twGuf ay;qyf&ef jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfonf ajrBuD;odkY arG;zGm;jcif;rcHrDS ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm uwnf;u udk,fawmf taocHawmfrlcJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ udk,fawmf taocHawmfrlcJhpOfu uReaf wmft h jypfrsm;tm;vH;k rSm tem*gwfü &Syd gao;\/ ud, k af wmfonf uRefawmf arG;onfhaeYrS pí u,fwifjcif;&onfhaeY (1971-ckESpf) xdom&Sad om tjypfrsm; twGuu f o kd m ay;qyfawmfrcl o hJ nf r[kwyf g/ ud k , f a wmf o nf (1971)ck E S p f r S ,aeY x d tjypf r sm;twG u f v nf ;

bk&m;ocifonf urÇmvlom;tm;vHk;wdkY\ tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;udk ,lí ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ ycH;k ay: wifawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmf onf vlom; ZmwdcH,laom bk&m;ocifjzpfawmfrlonfESifhtnD igwdkY\ &S u f j cif ; rsm;ES i f h qH k ; rjypf ' Pf cwf j cif ; ud k cH p m;ay;awmf r l c J h y g\ ud, k af wmfonf igwdt Yk jypfa<u; tm;vH;k udk ay;qyfawmfrcl \ hJ / xdo k Ykd wdak wmif;aom oH;k em&DtwGi;f ü a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwdt Yk wGuf i&J\ jypf'Pf tm;vHk;udk cHpm;awmfrlcJhygonf/ oifESifh uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif;udk ay;&ef useforQaom ta<u; &SdorQ tm;vHk;udk wpfatmifprQyifrusef tukeftpif ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygonf/ xdt k aMumif;aMuifh or®musr;f pmu ]]crnf;awmfb&k m;onf a,½I c&pfawmf\ pdwf0dnmOfü cH&aom emusifjcif;a0’emudk Munfhjrif awmfrlí auseyfawmfrl\}} [k qdkxm; jcif;jzpfygonf/ crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf a,½I\ ay;qyfawmfrljcif;ay:ü auseyfawmfrl\/ ]]þcG u f u m; y#d n mOf w&m;opf E S i f h qk d i f í vlrsm;wd\ Yk tjypfukd vGwaf pjcif;iSg oGe;f aom ig\ aoG;jzpf\/}} (róJ 26;28) a,½Ionf wynfah wmfwEYkd iS t hf wl yocgyGu J kd oH;k aqmifawmfrl Ny;D aemuf ud, k af wmftm; tyfErHS ad v\/ ,kx ’ u G o f mG ;Ny;D aemuf c&pfawmf onf teD;tyg;ü&Sad om wynfah wmf wpfq,fw h pfyg;ESit hf wl yGaJ wmf r*Fvmudk oHk;aqmifawmfrl\/ yxr? udk,fawmfu ]]þt&monf oifwt Ykd zdt Yk vdik mS csK;d zJah om ig\uk, d jf zpf\}} [laom pum;vH;k rsm;jzifh wynfah wmf wdu Yk kd ay;awmfr\ l / wpfzef ud, k af wmfonf pysp&f nfygaom cGuu f , kd í l ]]þt&monf oifw\ Ykd tjypfrsm;twGuf oGe;f aomig\ taoG;jzpf\}} [k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / þae&mü umodv k yd t f oif;awmfu Bu;D rm;aom trSm;wpfcu k kd jyKaeMu\/ olwdkYu a,½Ionf pyspf&nfudk wu,fhaoG;ppfppfodkY ajymif;ap\/ wynfah wmfwt Ykd m; pm;zd&Yk ef rdru d , kd cf E¨mud, k í l ay;\[lí oGeo f ifMuonf/ odjYk zpfí ,Zfyak &m[dwo f nf yGaJ wmfü pysp&f nfukd

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,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

cGux f x J nfí h aumif;Bu;D ay;aomtcg xdpk ysp&f nfrmS a,½Ic&pfawmf \ aoG;ppfppfodkY ul;ajymif;oGm;í rkefYwdkYonfvnf; tom;ppfppfodkY ul;ajymif;onf[k oGefoifMuygonf/ þcufcJeufeJaom oGefoifjcif;udk (tcef;i,f-28)ü awGU& ygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf cGufudk ay;onfwGif touf&Sifvsuf &Syd gao;\/ tu,fí xdt k &monf ud, k af wmf\ aoG;ppfppfjzpfcyhJ gu ud, k af wmf[m aoNyjD zpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfu ]]þcGux f &J dS pysp&f nf onf ig\ taoG;udk yHak qmifonf}} [k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfonf wynfah wmfwt Ykd m; rkeu Yf akd y;aomtcg rdrt d om;ppfppfukd ay;awmfrl cJhonfr[kwfyg/ udk,fawmfonf wynfhawmfrsm;tm; yHkaqmifvsuf Oyrmay;jcif;jzpfygonf/ a,½Ionf olwt Ykd m;ay;aom rkerYf mS olwYkd twGuf csK;d zJrh nfh ud, k af wmf\ cE¨mudk yHak qmifxm;ygonf/ xdt k &mrSm ud, k af wmf\ tom;ppfppf r[kwaf Mumif;udk wynfah wmfwu Ykd od&cdS hJ Muygonf/ xdu k sr;f csux f üJ ud, k af wmfonf rdrt d aoG;oGe;f &onfh taMumif; &if;udk igwdt Yk m; azmfjyay;ygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk f ay:ü rdrt d aoG;oGe;f &onfh taMumif;&if;rSm tjypfrsm;udk ajz&efjzpf ygonf/ tu,fí oGe;f avmif;aom a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taoG;onf tjypfrsm;udk vTwfay;(z,f&Sm;)ygu igwdkYvkyfzdkY wpfpHkwpf&m usef&Sd ygao;ovm;/ vH;k 0ruseaf wmhyg/ bmqdb k mrQ xyfívkyaf qmifz&Ykd ef vHk;0OóHk rvdkawmfhyg/ (a,m 19;30) ü a,½Iu ]]trINy;D Ny}D } [k a<u;aMumfNy;D acgif;awmf ikdufqdkuf ñTwfí toufawmfudk pGefYawmfrl\/ crnf;awmfonf ajrBuD;ay:ü vkyfaqmif&efay;tyfaom trIrsm;udk udk,fawmfNyD;pD; cJhygonf/ xdktrIrSm igwdkY tjypfrsm;twGuf jypf'PfpD&if csufudk ud, k af wmfay:ü tcGijhf yKawmfr\ l / crnf;awmf pdw0f n d mOfü emusirf u I kd Munfjh rifawmfrv l suf a,½Ic&pfawmf vkyaf qmifcsuaf y:ü auseyftm; &awmfrl\/

,ckwiG f uReaf wmfonf tjypfciG v hf w T &f ef crnf;awmf a&SUü &yf aomtcg bk&m;ocif twGuf uReaf wmfjyKaom aumif;rIuo k v kd rf sm; udk ,laqmifvmzdkYrvdkyg/ xdkt&mrsm;onf bk&m;ocifa&SUü bmrQ t"dyÜg,fr&Sdyg/ uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifxHodkY oGm;aomtcg ocif a,½I c&pfawmf\ ylaZmfjcif;udo k m ay;vSLyg\/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ay;qyf jcif;aMumifh xm0& vHNk cKH r\ YI oGeo f ifjcif;ESihf bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywf awmf oGeo f ifjcif;onf rSeu f efaMumif; uReaf wmfoyd gonf/

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ESpfqaom ab;tEÅ&m,f\ w&m;Oya' ESpq f aom ab;tEÅ&m,f\ ynwfw&m;u jypfrw I pfct k wGuf ESpBf urd rf ay;qyfEidk [ f k qdx k m;ygonf/ Oyrm - oifonf aoG;oGe;f jcif; aMumifh csKyfaESmifjcif;cH&rnf/ oifonf w&m;cHk½Hk;ü &yfaomtcg w&m;olBuD;u oifrnfodkYavQmufvJcsufay;rnfenf;[k ar;ygvQif oifu ]]uReaf wmftjypf&ydS gw,f? oem;yg}} [kqrkd nf/ olu ]]oift h m; (150- &uf) csKycf í H a':vmaiG (150) ay;&rnf}} [k qd\ k odjYk zpfí oifonf axmifcsjcif;cHum &ufaygif; (150) aeNy;D ? a':vmaiG (150) ay;&\/ oifonf tjypf'PftwGuf ay;qyf&ygonf/ oifonf tdraf &mufNy;D aemufwpfaeYwiG f xd&k o J nf vmjyefí oif\aoG;xGuo f , H kd jyKro d nft h wGuf csKyaf ESmifjcif;cH&ef zrf;zdv Yk mvQif oifonf olYtm; uRefawmf avsmfaMu;aiGvnf;ay;NyD;? axmifcsjcif; vnf; cHcNhJ y;D Ny;D [k ajymqdrk nf/ odaYk omfvnf; oluoift h m; ZGwt f wif; qGaJ c:oGm;ygonf/ oifonf oGm;í xdw k &m;½H;k a&SUrSmyif &yfvsuf oifonf 'PfaiGvnf; aqmifNy;D Ny?D axmif'Pfcsjcif;vnf; cHNy;D Ny[ D k BuKd ;pm;í &Si;f jyrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; w&m;olBu;D u oift h m; aemufxyf &ufaygif; (150) axmifcscHapygrnf/ xdkuJhodkYaom tjzpfrsKd;onf tar&duefjynfü ESpq f aom ab;tEÅ&m,f Oya'aMumifh b,faom tcgrQ rjzpfysuEf idk o f nf jzpfí aus;Zl;wifygonf/ oifonf jypfrw I pfck P-48