Clinical Cupping, Myofascial Scraping, and Pressure Point Therapy

Clinical Cupping, Myofascial Scraping, and Pressure Point Therapy ANCIENT ORIGINS AND MODERN PRACTICES

Ancient Origins and Modern Practices

Unlock the Secrets of Traditional Therapy with Cupping, Gua Sha, and Pressure Point Therapy Are you ready to dive into the world of traditional healing arts? Our hands-on workshop is designed to introduce you to the transformative practices of Cupping, Gua Sha, and Pressure Point Therapy— time-honored techniques that have been used for centuries to promote wellness and vitality.

Table of Contents TOPICS IN WORKBOOK

Table of Contents The Workshop, Page 5

Traditional Asian Medicine Section, Page 125

The Presenter, Page 8

Patient Management and Assessment, Page 150

This Training Guide, Page 12

Nerve and Neuron Lymphatics Section, Page 177

Building a Healing Community, Page 15

Herbal Medicine Section, Page 183

Our History and Lineage, Page 19

General Contraindications, Page 222

General Introduction, Page 35

Therapeutic Modality Section, Page 228

Clinical Cupping Section, Page 40

Research and Reference Section, Page 246

Gua Sha Section, Page 73

Conclusion, Page 250

Pressure Point Therapy Section, Page 107

FastTrack Workshop Section, Page 253

The Workshop OUR PRESENTATION AND WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES

Workshop Objectives Introduction to Traditional Medicine Practices 

Objective: Provide participants with a foundational understanding of Traditional Medicine (TM) principles and their historical and cultural context.

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Outcome: Participants will be able to explain the basic concepts of TM.

Understanding Homeosomatic Vacuum Decompression Therapy

Introduction to Gua Sha 

Objective: Introduce the practice of gua sha, its methodology, and its health benefits.

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Outcome: Participants will understand the theory behind gua sha, recognize its benefits for musculoskeletal and systemic health, and identify contraindications.

Practical Application of Gua Sha

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Objective: Educate participants on the techniques, benefits, and potential risks of cupping therapy.

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Objective: Offer practical experience in performing gua sha techniques.

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Outcome: Participants will be able to describe the different types of cupping (dry, wet, and fire cupping), identify suitable candidates for cupping therapy, and understand its therapeutic applications.

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Outcome: Participants will practice gua sha strokes, learn how to select appropriate tools and pressure, and apply the technique safely and effectively.

Practical Application of Vacuum Decompression Therapy

Introduction to Pressure Point Therapy

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Objective: Provide hands-on training in the safe and effective application of cupping techniques.

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Objective: Explain the principles and benefits of pressure point therapy.

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Outcome: Participants will demonstrate proper cupping procedures, including preparation, placement, and removal of cups, and manage any adverse reactions appropriately.

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Outcome: Participants will grasp the basics of acupressure, including the concept of acupoints and the meridian system, and how acupressure can be used to alleviate various health conditions.

Workshop Objectives Practical Application of Pressure Point Therapy 

Objective: Provide participants with the skills to locate and stimulate key pressure points.

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Outcome: Participants will be able to identify major acupoints, apply appropriate pressure techniques, and use acupressure for common ailments such as headaches, stress, and muscle pain.

Integrative Techniques and Holistic Approaches 

Objective: Teach participants how to integrate cupping, gua sha, and pressure point therapy into a holistic treatment plan.

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Outcome: Participants will understand how to combine these modalities for enhanced therapeutic effects, tailoring treatments to individual patient needs.

Objective: Safety, Ethics, and Professionalism 

Objective: Emphasize the importance of safety, ethical practice, and professionalism in delivering these therapies.

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Outcome: Participants will be knowledgeable about hygiene standards, contraindications, informed consent, and maintaining a professional demeanor.

Q&A and Case Studies 

Objective: Allow participants to ask questions and discuss real-life case studies to solidify their understanding.

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Outcome: Participants will gain deeper insights through interactive discussions, clarify any doubts, and apply learned techniques to practical scenarios.

These objectives will ensure that participants leave the workshop with a comprehensive understanding and practical skills in cupping, gua sha, and pressure point therapy.

Your Presenter GREGORY T. LAWTON, D.N., D.C., D.AC.

Dr. Lawton is national board certified in chiropractic, physiotherapy, radiology, and acupuncture.

Your Presenter

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40+ years of research in the field of brain, spinal and peripheral neurology.

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Author of over 100 books and numerous health science articles.

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Licensed in 3 healthcare professions in 3 US states.

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50+ years as a health science educator.

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Former vice president of large medical psychology practice.

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Former youth probation officer and co-founder of the Berrien County Drug Rehabilitation Center

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Former vice president of large physical therapy group practice.

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Founder of the Blue Heron Academy.

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Founder of American Health Source.

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Over 50 years in private practice at Clinical Health Maintenance.

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Undergraduate and graduate studies at Arizona State University, a graduate of the National College of Naprapathic Medicine, the National University of Health Sciences, and the International Medical Acupuncture Association.

About Your Presenter

Your Presenter

“For hundreds of years and countless centuries herbal medicine has been an important part of the practice of traditional healthcare as well as massage and manual therapy. During the 1970's I had the great privilege of training with physicians and therapists who went to school or practiced during the late 1800's and early 1900's. A common denominator among them all was their use of herbal medicines for the treatment of their patients. Over the last 50 years of my teaching career, I have been bringing this knowledge to my students and teaching them about the value and benefits of herbal medicines and preparations, whether used internally or externally.”

About Your Presenter

Your Presenter

Gregory T. Lawton D.N., D.C., D.Ac., has spent sixty-five years studying the healing arts and martial arts, including the internal Chinese martial arts of dao yin, chi kung, tai chi chuan, hsing yi chuan, and pakua chang. He is a 9th degree black belt in Kosho Ryu Kenpo. Dr. Lawton is also a certified fellow and diplomat of the International Medical Acupuncture Academy.

Dr. Lawton is a graduate of the National University of Health Sciences and completed a postgraduate course in TCM based acupuncture at the National University of Health Sciences and the New York Chiropractic College. Dr. Lawton has been teaching Asian martial and healing arts for fifty years. He founded the Blue Heron Academy of Healing Arts and Sciences in 1980.

The Academy offers the only state approved training programs in acupuncture and Asian medicine in Michigan.

This Training Guide PRESENTATION MANUAL

Exploring Traditional Healing Techniques: Cupping, Gua Sha, and Pressure Point Therapy

Welcome to this comprehensive workbook that delves into the ancient practices of cupping (Manual Vacuum Decompression Therapy), Gua Sha (Scraping), and Pressure Point Therapy. These time-honored methods have been used across cultures for centuries, offering natural ways to promote wellness, alleviate pain, and enhance overall vitality. In the pages ahead, we’ll explore the principles, techniques, and benefits of each modality, empowering you to incorporate these holistic approaches into your health care practice.

Homeosomatic Manual Decompression Therapy

Ancient Origins and modern practices

Booklet for the Homeosomatic Cupping Therapy workshop.

Building a Healing Community CONTRIBUTING TO THE GROWTH AND WELLBEING OF HUMANITY

Building a Healing Community

The Blue Heron Academy of Healing Arts and Sciences mission is to build a healing community founded on unity, diversity, and racial harmony.

Our mission is to cultivate a nurturing and inclusive community where every individual feels valued, respected, and empowered. We are dedicated to fostering unity and racial harmony by promoting understanding, compassion, and mutual support among all members of our diverse society. Through active engagement, individual and community service, education, and collaborative efforts, we strive to create an environment where healing and growth are possible for everyone. Together, we aim to break down barriers, celebrate our differences, and build a foundation of trust and solidarity, ensuring a brighter, more equitable future for all.

Building a Healing Community

Building a Healing Community

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The roots of our Academy run deep within our community and are reflective of our commitment to service. Our educational approach is innovative and began with several community service projects for women in transition, victims of trauma, individuals without access to healthcare or the treatment of serious medical conditions such as HIV/AIDS as well as treating patients from the local mission district and the homeless community. It was from this platform of service that the Academy began, grew, and thrived.

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Service as a means of building a healing community is at the heart of our vision, mission, and activities. We firmly adhere to the Baháʼí concept of “Let deeds, not words, be your adorning….” and as such we are keenly focused on service through action, and not words alone. We have adopted a broad and allencompassing vision that champions the principles of the oneness of humanity, unity in diversity, and spiritual equality.

Our History and Lineage THE TRADITION OF THE HEALING AND MARTIAL ARTS AT THE ACADEMY

Early Beginnings – Kosho Ryu Kenpo Jujitsu Kosho Ryu Kenpo has a history that is deeply connected to Japanese martial traditions and the way of the samurai. The roots of Kosho Ryu Kenpo can be traced back to the 12th century, when it was developed by the Yoshida Clan in Japan. It was originally known as Kosho Shorei Ryu, a name derived from the Kosho Shorei temple complex.

The modern history of Kosho Ryu Kenpo is often associated with James Masayoshi Mitose (1916-1981). Born in Hawaii, Mitose was sent to Japan at a young age to live and study under his grandfather, a master in the art. He trained in a temple on a mountain named Akenkai, where he learned Kenpo as well as various religious and philosophical teachings.

Mitose returned to Hawaii and began teaching Kenpo in 1936. He established a school in 1941.

Early Beginnings – Kosho Ryu Kenpo Jujitsu This temple is believed to be where the Kosho sect of the Yoshida (Urabe) clan taught. The philosophical and spiritual aspects of Kosho Ryu Kenpo were heavily influenced by Mitose’s studies in the temple, especially the edicts to do no harm and to seek knowledge through nature and the environment. This philosophy was later encapsulated in Mitose’s books and teachings. James Masayoshi Mitose was appointed as a tenth dan in Aikido, promoted by O-sensei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido.

Early Beginnings – Kosho Ryu Kenpo Jujitsu The Japanese Yoshida clan was closely associated with the Shinto religion. The Yoshida clan had significant influence over Shinto, which is the indigenous faith of Japan, emphasizing the worship of kami (deities or spirits) and rituals to maintain harmony between humans, nature, and the spiritual world1.

The clan’s connection to Shinto is particularly evident through Yoshida Shinto, a school of Shinto that taught the unity of Shinto with Buddhism and Confucianism. This school was named after Yoshida Kanetomo, who systematized teachings that had been transmitted by generations of the Yoshida family. Yoshida Shinto held that Shinto was the primal religion of the world, which in turn gave rise to Buddhism and Confucianism.

Early Beginnings – Yang Tai Chi Chuan The history of Yang family Tai Chi Chuan is a fascinating journey through Chinese martial arts.

The Yang family’s involvement in Tai Chi Chuan began with Yang Lu-chan (1799–1872), who studied under Chen Changxing, the master of Chen-style Tai Chi, starting in 1820.

Yang Lu-chan founded the Yang-style after adapting what he learned from the Chen style.

His style became known for its large, graceful movements and health benefits.

Yang Lu-chan’s sons, Yang Ban Hou and Yang Jian Hou, and his grandsons, Yang Shao Hou and Yang Cheng Fu, continued to develop and refine the style. Each generation made their own contributions, with Yang Cheng Fu being particularly influential in popularizing the style in the early 20th century.

The Yang family opened their doors to teach Tai Chi Chuan to the royal family, the military, and eventually the public, which led to its widespread popularity. Today, Yang-style Tai Chi Chuan is the most practiced form of Tai Chi worldwide.

Yang Secret Family Tai Chi Chuan

Early Beginnings – Yang Tai Chi Chuan

Professor Chi Kwang Huo was a distinguished figure in the Chinese martial arts and cultural community.

He founded the Chinese Cultural Academy in Evanston, Illinois, in the early 1970s. Professor Huo was renowned for his expertise in Tai Chi Chuan, Chinese calligraphy, painting, and poetry. He was also a scholar of Chinese literature, history, and philosophy, and a master in five styles of Chinese calligraphy.

Early Beginnings – Chinese Cultural Academy

Prof. Huo Chi-Kwang, a graduate of Peiping (Beijing) University, was born in the Hopei province in China. He represented 16 generations of calligraphers in his family which has produced noted scholars since the Ming Dynasty. Pro. Huo was a master of calligraphy, painting and poetry; a scholar of Chinese literature, history and philosophy, as well as a great martial artist. He was adept in the eight different styles of Chinese calligraphy, some of which are practiced and read only by scholars. In his native Peiping, Prof. Huo learned first from his mother and then his father, a noted calligrapher. He studied painting and calligraphy under the masters, Yao Mang-fu, Chen Shih-Tseng, Huang Pin-Hung, Wang Chen and Chen Pan-Ting. Under the masters, Wu Ch-ang Shih, Chuang Yun-Kuan, Hu Pu-An and Chang Pin-Lin (Tai-Yen), he studied literature and calligraphy. The Professor was the first elected representative of Taiwan, an advisor to General Chiang Kai-shek, an ambassador to the Vatican and France, and a friend of Pablo Picasso.

Early Beginnings – Professor Chi Kwang Huo Prof. Huo has had complete training in the Chinese Physical disciplines. He is the nephew of the legendary master Huo Yuan Jia. Played by jet Li in the movie “Hero”. He studied Tai Chi Chuan with Yang Shao-Hou, the elder brother and teacher of Yang Chen-Fu. Prof. Huo is of the third generation of Pa Kua Chuan masters. His teacher, Lee Tsun Yi, was a student of Tung HiChuan, the first master of Pa Kua Chuan in China. Tung's instructor was a monk who refused any usage of his name. Lee Tsun Yi was considered the top master of Pa Kua Chuan and Hsing Yi Chuan in China. He taught both disciplines to Prof. Huo. He also was a Pa-Kua Chang student of the legendary Taoist Master Li Chun-Yuen

Professor Chi Kwang Huo Sample of the Professor’s Calligraphy

Meridian Energy

 Body energy meridians, also known as energy pathways, are a fundamental concept in Traditional Asian Medicine (TAM). They are believed to be channels through which the life force, or Chi flows within the body. This energy circulates through the body along these meridians, reaching various organs and promoting health and vitality.

Meridian Energy  There are 14 main meridians that correspond to different organs and systems in the body. Each meridian has several points, known as acupressure points or acupoints, where pressure can be applied to influence the flow of Chi. The idea is that when Chi is flowing freely and is balanced, the body is in a state of health.

However, if the flow of Qi is blocked or unbalanced, it can lead to health issues.

Yin and Yang Balance The concept of yin and yang is a central pillar in Traditional Asian Medicine and philosophy, representing the duality and interdependence of natural forces. In the human body, yin and yang are seen as complementary energies that need to be in balance for optimal health and well-being. It’s important to note that the balance of yin and yang is not static but a dynamic equilibrium that can change with circumstances, time of day, seasons, and overall health. Achieving and maintaining this balance is believed to be key to a healthy and harmonious life.

Yin and Yang Balance In the context of the body, yin qualities include aspects such as coolness, rest, and inward and downward movements. It’s associated with the body’s structure, like bones and fluids (blood and lymph)Yang qualities involve warmth, activity, outward and upward movements, and functions like digestion and the beating of the heart.

Balancing yin and yang is about ensuring neither energy dominates the other. If one is excessive or deficient, it can lead to various health issues. For example, an excess of yang might manifest as inflammation or hyperactivity, while a deficiency could result in coldness or lethargy. Conversely, too much yin could lead to sluggishness or fluid retention, and not enough yin might cause dryness or restlessness.

AcuMyoTherapy® at the Academy STUDIES IN ASIAN MEDICINE

AcuMyoTherapy® AcuMyoTherapy® is a combination of both Eastern and Western approaches to manual therapy and medicine that focuses on the treatment of musculoskeletal, neurological and hormonal conditions. AcuMyoTherapy® utilizes acupressure, tuina, cupping, moxibustion, specialized AcuMyoTherapy techniques, exercise, electro therapy, light emitting devices, percussion and oscillation devices, herbal and dietary supplementation, and other ancillary techniques of treatment.

General Introduction HANDS ON PROCEDURES AND METHODS

Traditional Methodology Traditional medicine practices such as those incorporated in the practice of cupping, gua sha, moxa, acupressure and tuina can be defined as ancient and historic healing systems. These early traditional health practices primarily employed natural methods of health care since the pharmacology and technology of conventional medicine were not known during the time of their discovery and development.

These healing systems were formulated over centuries and were the repositories of accumulative empirical experience and evidence. To understand these traditional systems of health care, it is necessary to consider the cultures in which they were created. In general, these cultures recognized the holistic nature of humanity and the wisdom of living in harmony with the environment.

Traditional Methodology

Both western and eastern health care systems share a common understanding of the importance of balance and harmony in the interactive functions and systems within the human body. In the west this concept was called homeostasis, and, in the east, it was enveloped in the Tao and defined in terms of yin and yang. Homeostasis is known as the self-regulating processes by which our body manages to maintain internal equilibrium while adjusting to external conditions such as temperature. If this self-regulating mechanism is successful, life continues in a normal state, our internal temperature is regulated and our various metabolic processes function as they should. If our body is unsuccessful in selfregulating, we become sick or we die.

Homeosomatic Theory

Building upon the concept of homeostasis, I developed a treatment concept in 1980 that I called homeosomatic. The homeosomatic theory of treatment is based on the hypothesis that the cells, tissues, and systems of the human body respond best to therapies that work in concert with the natural processes and functions of the human body. That is, the body best responds to treatments that are most like the body’s own natural healing and defensive processes. The therapist using this concept recognizes that all forms of therapy cause some form of stress to the cells, tissues, and human body systems and works to reduce that stress to its lowest level of interference. In the words of Hippocrates, “first do no harm”. Therefore, the homeosomatic approach to treatment and therapy includes only those modalities that are the least invasive and that work within the healing parameters of the human body, and do not overtax or stress our innate healing mechanisms beyond what is needed to stimulate the repair, growth, and innate healing processes.

Homeosomatic Therapy: A Training Guide When we begin the technique and hands on portion of the workshop we will cover the following steps in detail:  Patient Examination and Assessment

Homeosomatic Therapy

 Areas and Regions of Dysfunction, Pain, and Inflammation  Hyperesthesia Point Location  Pressure Point Therapy – Bladder Meridian Points  Special Treatment Techniques Cupping and Scar Tissue Cupping and Neuropathy Glides, Slides, and Tensioning Techniques Cupping with Infused Oils Gua Sha with Infused Oils

Clinical Cupping Section

Clinical Cupping UNDERSTANDING HOMEOSOMATIC VACUUM DECOMPRESSION THERAPY

Understanding Homeosomatic Vacuum Decompression Cupping Therapy

Cupping therapy is a form of alternative medicine where glass, silicone, or plastic cups are placed on the skin to create vacuum suction to promote health and healing. Cupping therapy has been used for centuries across various cultures for muscle relaxation, detoxification, and stress relief. By creating a vacuum with cups on the skin, this alternative medicine technique promotes healing and overall well-being. Cupping therapy aids in releasing tension in soft tissue to promote circulation and lymphatic flow.

Ancient Beginnings Egyptian Ebers Papyrus (1550 BCE):  The Egyptian Ebers Papyrus is the earliest documented instance of cupping therapy in North Africa.  The Egyptian glyph for “doctor” resembles a cup, emphasizing its significance in healing.

Greek Bronze Era:  Bronze cups were employed for cupping during the Greek Bronze Era. Greek physicians prescribed cupping for internal diseases and pain relief.

Chinese Adopt Cupping:  Ge Hong, a renowned herbalist during the Jin dynasty, is attributed to introducing cupping in China. Animal horns were used to create suction, to drain body fluids, and by promoting energy balance in the body.

Global Spread Middle Eastern Influence:  As cited above ancient Egyptians practiced cupping over 5,500 years ago. Cupping therapy traveled across cultures, leaving its mark on Middle Eastern medicine.

Asian Tradition:  In China and other parts of Asia Ge Hong’s legacy persisted, making cupping an integral part of traditional Chinese medicine. Cupping spread to other Asian countries, including Korea and Vietnam.

Vacuum Decompression Therapy

While cupping therapy has been used consistently all over the world for centuries, the 2016 Olympic Games brought cupping into the global spotlight. U.S. athletes proudly displayed cupping marks, sparking curiosity and awareness of the procedure among athletes and the general public.

The Fundamentals of Cupping Therapy:

Who is it for?

With proper screening for contraindications, cupping therapy is suitable for anyone.

Therapeutic cupping helps with various issues like sports injuries, scar tissue and adhesions. muscle pain, chronic pain, respiratory ailments, and lymphedema.

Early Methods and Techniques Dry Cupping:  A flammable substance is ignited inside the cup burning up the air inside the cup and creating a vacuum. The resulting suction then lifts the skin and increases blood flow and other physiological reactions in the area being cupped.

Wet Cupping:  After a vacuum is created and suction results, the therapist removes the cup and makes tiny skin incisions. A second suction cup is then applied which draws out a small amount of blood, believed to contain various toxins. Because of obvious risks such as infection this practice has fallen out of favor.

Wet Cupping

Wet cupping using a lancet to cut the skin and vacuum pressure to suck out the blood.

Clinical Cupping THE EVIDENCE

The Evidence

The Evidence

Conclusion: The available evidence suggests that cupping therapy is effective in managing chronic pain, knee osteoarthritis, low back pain, neck pain, chronic back pain, and herpes zoster. Moreover, it represents a promising, safe, and effective non-pharmacological therapy that warrants wider application and promotion.

The Evidence Background: Myofascial decompression (MFD), or cupping, and self-myofascial release (SMR) are common techniques utilized to treat soft tissue injuries and increase flexibility. MFD is a negative pressure soft tissue treatment technique using suction to manipulate the skin and underlying soft tissues. One method of SMR is a foam roller, where a patient rolls his/her bodyweight over a dense foam cylinder in a self-massaging fashion to mobilize soft tissues for the body part treated.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that both treatments are beneficial in increasing hamstring length. Patients though felt an enhanced treatment effect using MFD over SMR for perceived benefits to hamstring flexibility.

The Evidence

Vacuum Decompression Therapy increases blood circulation to the targeted area, which can help reduce muscle tension and promote healing. The negative pressure generated by the cups can also facilitate the removal of toxins and metabolic waste products from the tissues, thereby reducing inflammation and alleviating pain. Furthermore, cupping may stimulate the relaxation response in muscles, improving flexibility and reducing stiffness. Overall, the combined effects of enhanced circulation, detoxification, and muscle relaxation contribute to the therapeutic benefits of cupping on muscle tissue.

The Evidence Lauche, R., Cramer, H., Hohmann, C., Choi, K. E., Rampp, T., Saha, F. J., ... & Dobos, G. (2012).

"The Effectiveness of Cupping Therapy on Chronic Neck and Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial." PLoS One, 7(9), e31793.

This study examined the effectiveness of cupping therapy on chronic neck and shoulder pain, showing significant pain reduction and improved quality of life for participants.

AlBedah, A. M. N., Elsubai, I. S., Qureshi, N. A., Aboushanab, T. S., Ali, G. I. M., El-Olemy, A. T., ... & Khalil, A. A. (2019). "The medical perspective of cupping therapy: Effects and mechanisms of action." Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 9(2), 90-97.

This review article discusses the various effects and proposed mechanisms of action of cupping therapy, including increased blood flow, reduced inflammation, and enhanced tissue repair.

The Evidence Huijuan Cao, Xun Li, and Jianping Liu. (2012). "An updated review of the efficacy of cupping therapy." PLoS One, 7(2), e31793.

This systematic review updated previous findings on the efficacy of cupping therapy, highlighting its benefits in treating a range of conditions, including pain and musculoskeletal disorders.

Kim, J. I., Lee, M. S., Lee, D. H., Boddy, K., & Ernst, E. (2011). "Cupping for treating pain: a systematic review." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011, 467014.

This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of cupping therapy in treating various types of pain, concluding that it may be effective for pain management, especially in conditions like chronic pain.

The Evidence

Teut, M., Ullmann, A., Braun, V., Dornieden, K., & Irnich, D. (2012). "Cupping therapy in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial." The Journal of Pain, 13(3), 329337.

This randomized controlled trial assessed the effects of cupping therapy on carpal tunnel syndrome, showing improvements in pain and functionality among participants.

The studies cited offer insights into the physiological effects of cupping therapy, such as pain reduction, improved blood flow, and potential mechanisms underlying its therapeutic benefits.

Clinical Cupping PROCEDURES AND METHODS

Different Cupping Methods

When starting cupping therapy, choose the right cup size and method for your patient. Large cups cover more area while small cups are ideal for smaller areas or contour massage.

Different cupping techniques include static, flash, dynamic, shake, and rotational cupping. In our method of cupping, AcuMyoTherapy, we recommend the use of herbal infused oils to assist with the cupping process, benefits, and results.

Different Cupping Methods Static Cupping Static cupping is the use of a cup, or several cups, with each cup left in one location on the skin and without moving or manipulating the cup. Apply a small amount of herbal infused oil before placing the cups on the skin. Gently press and release the cup to create suction or use a pump to remove the air from the cup. Start with a test site for one minute to access the patient’s response and then apply the therapy for three to five minutes per area treated. If a cup falls off, simply reposition it. Use this technique a few times a week for up to ten days before taking a break from the therapy.

Different Cupping Methods

Flash Cupping – Flash cupping involves placing and releasing cups on the skin to create vacuum suction, helping with blood and lymph stagnation and deep tissue release. Apply a small amount of herbal infused oil before placing the cups on the skin. Try flash cupping for up to five minutes per area for maximum benefits.

The benefits include deep tissue release and nerve stimulation.

Different Cupping Methods

Dynamic Cupping – (Gliding or Sliding Technique) Dynamic cupping is the gliding or sliding of cups across the skin. Apply an herbal infused oil to the skin. Compress the cup to create vacuum suction. Glide the cup in a zigzag, circular, or back and forth motion. When using dynamic cupping to provide a cupping massage limit the massage time period to twenty or thirty minutes.

Different Cupping Methods

Shake Cupping – Shake cupping therapy is accomplished by shaking or vibrating cups in a static position.

Apply a small amount of herbal infused oil before placing the cups on the skin. This technique is beneficial for softening scars, deep tissue work, and myofascial release.

Rotational Cupping –

Different Cupping Methods

Rotation cupping therapy is performed by placing a cup in a static position and rotating the cup over the treatment area. Apply a small amount of herbal infused oil before placing the cups on the skin. This technique is beneficial for softening scars, deep tissue work, and myofascial release.

Different Cupping Methods All the techniques listed above may be combined to provide a “vacuum” massage therapy session. An expert cupping therapist will be able to demonstrate an adept flow of techniques, changing fluidly from one technique to another easily and efficiently.

To achieve this sense of proficiency first select the correct type and size of cups for the patient and your purposes. Having to switch between cup types or sizes breaks the cupping therapy routine and flow.

Also choose the correct lubricating herbal infused oil for your patient’s condition and in conformance with the patient's diagnosis.

Cupping THE USE OF INFUSED OIL THERAPY (IOT)

Infused Oil Therapy

In our homesomatic method of treatment we utilize infused oils therapy along with cupping and gua sha. Later in this workbook these aspects will be covered in more detail along with the herbs and formulations that we use.

Cupping CONTRAINDICATIONS

Counterindications for Cupping  High Fever or Infection: Avoid cupping when a person has a high fever or an infection.  Convulsions or Cramps: Cupping should not be used in cases of convulsions or cramps.  Allergic Skin Conditions: If someone has allergic skin conditions, cupping is not recommended.  Ulcerated Sores: Avoid cupping over ulcerated sores.  Thin Muscle Layer: Cupping should only be done on soft muscle tissue and not where the muscle layer is thin or uneven due to bony projections or angles.  Severe Diseases: Cupping is contraindicated in severe diseases such as cardiac failure, renal failure, ascites due to hepato-cirrhosis, and severe edema.  Serious Illnesses: Individuals with serious conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, or severe infections should consult with their primary healthcare provider before undergoing gua sha therapy.

Counterindications for Cupping  Hemorrhagic Diseases: Avoid cupping in cases of allergic purpura (a form of vasculitis), hemophilia, and leukemia.  Dermatosis and Disease of the Skin: Cupping should not be used on clients with dermatosis or destruction of the skin.  Blood Disorders: Individuals with anemia or similar blood disorders should avoid cupping.  Heart Disease and Pacemakers: Cupping is not recommended for people with heart failure, kidney failure, or those with pacemakers.  Blood Thinners: If someone is on blood thinners, cupping should be avoided.  Compromised Immune System: Patients with a compromised immune system, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or with autoimmune diseases, should use caution as the therapy could potentially trigger an adverse response.

Counterindications for Cupping

 Varicose Veins: Avoid performing cupping directly over varicose veins, as the pressure may damage the veins further.  Pregnancy: While some practitioners may use gentle cupping techniques during pregnancy, it is generally advised to avoid it, especially on the abdomen and lower back, unless specifically recommended by a healthcare provider.

Cupping AFTERCARE

Cupping Aftercare After a cupping therapy session, proper aftercare is essential to maximize benefits and ensure a comfortable recovery. Here are some key guidelines:  Hydrate: Drink plenty of water to help flush out toxins and stay hydrated.  Rest: Allow the body time to rest and recover after the treatment.  Avoid Strenuous Activities: Take a break from vigorous exercise immediately after the session.  Stay Warm: Cover the treated areas to maintain warmth.  Avoid Caffeine, Alcohol, and Sugary Foods: These can delay the natural healing process.  Be Mindful of Diet and Drink: Chose nourishing foods and avoid extremes like hot showers or cold environments.

Gua Sha Section

Gua Sha INTRODUCTION

What is Gua Sha?

Asian gua sha is a traditional healing technique used in various Asian cultures, particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The term "gua sha" comes from the Chinese words "gua" (to scrape) and "sha" (reddish skin rash). It involves using a smooth-edged tool, typically made of jade, buffalo horn, stone, metal, or ceramic, to repeatedly scrape the skin in a specific manner. Gua sha is a holistic approach that seeks to balance the body's energy, improve circulation, and promote overall well-being through a natural and non-invasive method.

What is Gua Sha Cultural and Historical Context: 

Gua sha has been practiced for centuries in various parts of Asia, including China, Vietnam, and Indonesia.

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It is often performed by practitioners of Traditional Chinese Medicine, acupuncturists, and sometimes by laypersons in home settings.

Modern Adaptations: 

Gua sha has gained popularity in the West as both a therapeutic practice and a beauty treatment, particularly in facial gua sha, which aims to improve skin health and reduce signs of aging.

Technique:  The practitioner applies a lubricant, such as oil, to the skin to reduce friction.

Key Aspects of Gua Sha

 They then use the edge of the gua sha tool to scrape the skin with short or long strokes.  The scraping is usually done along meridian lines (energy pathways) or over areas of muscle tension.  The pressure can range from light to firm, depending on the desired effect and the patient's tolerance.

Physiological Effects:  Improved Circulation: Gua sha is believed to enhance blood flow to the targeted area, promoting healing and reducing muscle tension.

Key Aspects of Gua Sha

 Microtrauma: The scraping creates minor, temporary bruising (petechiae), which is thought to stimulate the immune system and reduce inflammation.  Release of Toxins: By increasing circulation, gua sha is said to help remove metabolic waste and toxins from the tissues.  Pain Relief: The technique can reduce pain and stiffness by interrupting pain pathways and promoting relaxation of the muscles.

Therapeutic Uses:  Musculoskeletal Pain: Gua sha is commonly used to treat chronic pain conditions such as back pain, neck pain, and muscle soreness.

Key Aspects of Gua Sha

 Respiratory Issues: It is sometimes used to alleviate symptoms of colds, flu, and bronchitis.  Fever Reduction: In traditional practices, gua sha is applied to help lower fever by improving circulation and promoting sweat.  Boosting Immune Function: The practice is believed to enhance the body's natural defense mechanisms.

Gua Sha THE EVIDENCE

Gua Sha – The Evidence

Research supporting gua sha therapy has shown promising results across various studies, particularly in the management of pain and inflammation. A randomized controlled trial by Braun and Schwickert (2011) demonstrated that gua sha significantly reduced chronic neck pain and improved range of motion in patients, highlighting its potential as an effective pain management technique. Additionally, a systematic review by Kwong et al. (2009) concluded that gua sha is beneficial for musculoskeletal pain, emphasizing its ability to provide substantial pain relief and improve patient outcomes.

Further, Cao, Li, and Liu (2012) in their updated review of clinical studies, discussed the mechanisms and therapeutic benefits of gua sha, corroborating its efficacy in treating various conditions. Pilot studies like the one by Chan and Lee (2010) also support these findings, showing significant reductions in upper back pain following gua sha therapy.

Collectively, these studies suggest that gua sha is a viable complementary treatment for pain and inflammatory conditions, meriting its inclusion in integrative healthcare practices.

Gua Sha – The Evidence Braun, M., & Schwickert, M. (2011). "Effectiveness of traditional Chinese ‘gua sha’ therapy in patients with chronic neck pain: A randomized controlled trial."

Pain Medicine, 12(3), 362-369.Description: This study investigates the effectiveness of gua sha therapy in reducing chronic neck pain. The randomized controlled trial found that gua sha significantly reduced pain intensity and improved motion in the neck.Reference: Braun, M., & Schwickert, M. (2011). Effectiveness of traditional Chinese ‘gua sha’ therapy in patients with chronic neck pain: A randomized controlled trial. Pain Medicine, 12(3), 362-369. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01053.x Nielsen, A., & Knoblauch, N. (2012). "Gua sha and the role of patient-provider interactions in the healing process." Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 20(5), 335-343.Description: This paper discusses the role of gua sha in clinical practice and emphasizes the importance of the patient-provider interaction during treatment. It highlights the physiological and psychological benefits of gua sha.Reference: Nielsen, A., & Knoblauch, N. (2012). Gua sha and the role of patient-provider interactions in the healing process. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 20(5), 335-343. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2012.07.006

Gua Sha – The Evidence Kwong, K. K., Kloetzer, L., & Su, T. (2009). "Gua sha in the management of musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review." Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 15(11), 1139-1148.Description: This systematic review analyzes multiple studies on the effectiveness of gua sha for musculoskeletal pain. The review concludes that gua sha can provide significant pain relief and improve patient outcomes.Reference: Kwong, K. K., Kloetzer, L., & Su, T. (2009).

Gua sha in the management of musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review.

Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 15(11), 1139-1148. doi:10.1089/acm.2009.0131 Chan, S. H., & Lee, H. H. (2010). "The efficacy of gua sha therapy on upper back pain: A pilot study." Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 16(1), 3539.Description: This pilot study evaluates the efficacy of gua sha therapy in treating upper back pain. The results indicate that gua sha significantly reduces pain and improves mobility in the affected area.Reference: Chan, S. H., & Lee, H. H. (2010). The efficacy of gua sha therapy on upper back pain: A pilot study.

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 16(1), 35-39. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2009.06.008

"Gua Sha: Ancient Technique, New Research" by Arya NielsenDescription: This book explores the history, application, and modern research of gua sha. Nielsen, a leading expert in gua sha, delves into the scientific evidence supporting its effectiveness for various conditions and explains how it can be integrated into contemporary healthcare practices.Reference: Nielsen, A. (2012). Gua Sha: Ancient Technique, New Research.

Churchill Livingstone.

Gua Sha – The Evidence

"Gua Sha Therapy: Theory and Clinical Applications" by Tianjun WangDescription: Wang’s book provides a comprehensive guide to the theory and clinical application of gua sha therapy.

It includes detailed explanations of the techniques, diagnostic principles, and case studies illustrating its use in treating a range of ailments.Reference: Wang, T. (2014). Gua Sha Therapy: Theory and Clinical Applications. Singing Dragon.

"The Science of Gua Sha: A Comprehensive Guide" by Lisa G. LiuDescription: This book covers the scientific basis of gua sha, discussing its physiological effects and benefits. Liu reviews clinical trials and scientific studies that validate the therapeutic effects of gua sha and provides practical guidance for practitioners.Reference: Liu, L. G. (2015). The Science of Gua Sha: A Comprehensive Guide. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.

Gua Sha – The Evidence

"Gua Sha and Traditional Chinese Medicine" by John R. McDonald and Joel T. GarrettDescription: McDonald and Garrett explore gua sha within the broader context of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The book explains how gua sha fits into TCM’s diagnostic and treatment frameworks, supported by both historical texts and contemporary research.Reference: McDonald, J. R., & Garrett, J. T. (2018). Gua Sha and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Eastland Press.

"Clinical Handbook of Chinese Medicine" edited

by Zheng-hua WangDescription: This handbook includes a chapter on gua sha, providing a detailed look at its techniques, indications, and contraindications. It serves as a practical reference for clinicians and students of Chinese medicine.Reference: Wang, Z. (Ed.). (2019).

Clinical Handbook of Chinese Medicine. World Scientific Publishing.

Gua Sha PROCEDURES AND METHODS

Manual Therapy Healing Arts

If we examine the various manual therapy healing arts, we find that the counterirritation theory is harnessed by many types of manual therapists including tuina practitioners. Contrary to popular opinion, healers do not “heal” tissues with chi emanating from their fingertips. Instead, the healing process most often involves microtrauma to tissue through some kind of treatment technique or modality. Tuina, gua sha, pressure point therapy, and acupuncture are all manual procedures that cause microtrauma to connective tissue. This micro trauma causes an inflammatory reaction in the tissue, and a subsequent “healing cascade” of events. This micro trauma leads to vascular responses, adaptation of the nervous system, and an antiinflammatory response on the part of the hormonal and immune systems.

Gua Sha and Tendino Muscular Pathways  Of the several treatment modalities in Asian medicine that utilize the counter-irritation theory of healing none are so dramatic in effect as gua sha or scraping and chafing along the major acupressure meridians or the tendino muscular pathways of the body.

The tendino muscular pathways are of special interest to the acupressure or tuina practitioner and are often employed in the treatment of athletic, martial art, and common musculoskeletal injuries.  Gua sha treatments may employ either western or eastern topical substances as lubricating substances on the skin or medicated oils or liniments. My favorite is Po Sum On. With the skin mildly lubricated with Po Sum On, manual friction is applied to an area or along a meridian or tendino muscular pathway.

Understanding the inflammatory process

Using the Innate Inflammatory Process

When we experience an injury, especially to the protective barrier provided by the skin, the inflammatory process goes into action as an immediate, first line of defense, and nonspecific mechanism that helps protect the body against infection and injury. The purpose of inflammation is to respond to cellular and tissue damage and to restore balance or homeostasis.

Infectious agents that invade the body by breaching the skin barrier are often present as viruses and bacteria. These organisms are some of the most common triggers of the inflammatory process. Other triggers to the inflammatory process may include physical trauma, chemical toxins, and heat. Viruses cause inflammation by entering and destroying certain cells of the body and bacteria release chemicals called endotoxins that can initiate inflammation. The objective of the inflammatory process is to eliminate the cause of cellular and tissue injury, to clean out necrotic or dead cells, and to start cell and tissue repair processes. An injury or infection initiates a series of physiological and biochemical reactions that include: 1.

Increased blood flow to the area of injury called hyperemia.

2.

Increased white blood cell and immune activity.

3.

Increased nerve sensitivity and pain.

4.

Increased fluid to the area of injury and swelling.

5.

Increased metabolic and catabolic activity in the injured cells and tissues.

Gua Sha – Counter Irritation Method

One of the methods by which gua sha is thought to work is the counterirritation theory of health care. The counterirritation theory of physiotherapy is based on the concept that creating a mild irritation or injury in one part of the body can help to alleviate pain and inflammation. This theory suggests that the body can only process a certain amount of sensory information at a time. By introducing a new, controlled stimulus (such as heat, cold, or mechanical pressure) near or around the area of pain, the body's nervous system becomes "distracted" by this new sensation, which can reduce the perception of the original pain.

Additionally, the counterirritation techniques stimulate healing responses, anti-inflammatory responses, and the immune system.

Key aspects of the counterirritation theory include:

Gua Sha – Counter Irritation Method



Pain Modulation: The introduction of a new stimulus can modulate the body's pain signals, often through the gate control theory of pain, which posits that nonpainful input can close the "gates" to painful input, thus preventing pain sensation from traveling to the central nervous system.



Increased Blood Flow: Techniques such as heat application or cupping can increase blood flow to the affected area, which may help in reducing pain and promoting healing by delivering more oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing waste products.

Gua Sha – Counter Irritation Method

Key aspects of the counterirritation theory include:  Endorphin Release: Certain counterirritation techniques can stimulate the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers, which can help in reducing the perception of pain.  Reflexive Effects: Techniques like gua sha, acupuncture, or dry needling may create reflexive responses in the nervous system, leading to muscle relaxation and pain relief.

Examples of physiotherapy techniques based on counterirritation include:

Gua Sha – Counterirritation Method

 Heat and Cold Therapy: Applying heat or cold packs to painful areas can create a counter-stimulus that helps reduce pain.  Cupping Therapy: Creating suction on the skin can increase blood flow and reduce muscle tension, serving as a counterirritant.  Massage Therapy: Applying pressure to muscles can create a counter-stimulus that distracts the nervous system from the pain.  Acupuncture: Inserting needles at specific points can create a counterirritant effect, altering the perception of pain.

Gua Sha

Gua Sha Application

Po Sum On Po Sum On is a warming, blood moving, liniment. It increases blood circulation and fluid exchange in damaged tissues, and this is an important factor in healing. Po Sum On is used to treat joint and muscle aches, certain forms of arthritis, neuralgia, and traumatic injuries including muscle and tendon strains, and joint complex and ligament trauma or sprains. It may also be used as a skin lubricating substance with gua sha scraping chafing techniques.

Infection Control Many traditional Asian medicine (TAM) practitioners do not practice proper hygiene and cross infection procedures and reuse gua sha tools without proper sterilization between each treatment application on a patient. I have had some TAM practitioners and acupuncturists suggest that the patient’s “chi” will protect them from viral, bacterial, or fungal infection from contaminated instruments. As the recent COVID pandemic has graphically illustrated, this is not the case.

Gua Sha CONTRAINDICATIONS

Safety and Considerations:

Counterindications for Gua Sha

 Professional Guidance: While gua sha is generally safe when performed by a trained practitioner, improper technique can lead to excessive bruising or skin damage.  Aftercare: Patients are advised to stay warm and avoid cold drafts after a gua sha session to maximize the treatment's benefits and prevent potential adverse effects.  Always take sensible precautions and follow guidelines when using gua sha therapy.

 Bleeding Disorders: Individuals with bleeding disorders like hemophilia should avoid gua sha.

Gua Sha Contraindications

 Blood-Thinning Medications: People taking blood-thinning medications should also refrain from gua sha.  Skin Conditions: If you have eczema or psoriasis, it’s best to avoid this technique.  Open Wounds or Infections: Gua sha should not be performed on areas with open wounds or infections.

 Fractures or Severe Osteoporosis: Gua sha should not be performed over broken bones or in individuals with severe osteoporosis, as the scraping pressure could cause further damage.

Gua Sha Contraindications

 Recent Surgery or Injury: Avoid performing gua sha on areas that have recently undergone surgery or have acute injuries, such as sprains, strains, or recent trauma.  Inflamed or Swollen Areas: Gua sha should not be applied to areas of acute inflammation or swelling, as it may exacerbate the condition.

 Varicose Veins: Avoid performing gua sha directly over varicose veins, as the pressure may damage the veins further.

Gua Sha Contraindications

 Pregnancy: While some practitioners may use gentle gua sha techniques during pregnancy, it is generally advised to avoid it, especially on the abdomen and lower back, unless specifically recommended by a healthcare provider.  Serious Illnesses: Individuals with serious conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, or severe infections should consult with their primary healthcare provider before undergoing gua sha therapy.

Gua Sha Contraindications

 Compromised Immune System: Patients with a compromised immune system, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or with autoimmune diseases, should use caution as the therapy could potentially trigger an adverse response.  Fever or Severe Infection: Gua sha should not be performed on individuals with a high fever or severe infection, as it may worsen the symptoms or spread the infection.

Gua Sha AFTERCARE

After a gua sha therapy session, proper aftercare is essential to maximize benefits and ensure a comfortable recovery. Here are some key guidelines:  Hydrate: Drink plenty of water to help flush out toxins and stay hydrated.

Gua Sha Aftercare

 Rest: Allow the body time to rest and recover after the treatment.  Avoid Strenuous Activities: Take a break from vigorous exercise immediately after the session.  Stay Warm: Cover the treated areas to maintain warmth.  Avoid Caffeine, Alcohol, and Sugary Foods: These can delay the natural healing process.  Be Mindful of Diet and Drink: Chose nourishing foods and avoid extremes like hot showers or cold environments.

Pressure Point Therapy Section

Pressure Point Therapy PROCEDURES AND METHODS – HANDS ON PRACTICE TECHNIQUE

Pressure Point Therapy

Acupressure, or pressure point therapy, is a form of manual medicine that involves applying manual pressure or compression to specific points on the body. It shares similarities with acupuncture and acupressure, but it also encompasses ashi points, trigger point, motor point, dermatome, spinal ganglia, and other recognized points on the human body.

Acupressure is a subset of tuina which is the collective and broader group of Asian manual medicine techniques.

Pressure Point Technique There are 361 basic pressure points on 14 meridians (there are many more). The points are the same as those used in acupuncture. For example, the acupoint Neiguan (P-6) is primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting. To find it, turn your hand palm up. Place your thumb at the center of where the hand meets the wrist. Move your thumb two finger-widths toward the elbow. The point is between two large tendons, which you should be able to feel as you apply pressure. A few other commonly used pressure points include Lie Que (LU-7) on the thumb side of your wrist which may help stimulate your immune system. Qu Chi (LI-11) on the elbow is used for fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Zu San Li (ST-36) below the knee is used for loss of appetite, acid reflux, and constipation. He Gu (LI-4) in the hand may reduce chemotherapy side effects, menstrual pain, and headaches. Shen Shu (UB-23) on the lower back is used for lower back pain. Liang Qiu (ST-34) above the knee may prove useful for osteoarthritis knee pain.

Pressure Point Technique

The term acupressure is not commonly used in China or other Asian countries. A more appropriate description and name is tuina. Tuina or tui-na (pronounced twee-nah) is a type of massage therapy that is one of the four main branches of traditional Chinese medicine, along with acupuncture, chi kung, and Chinese herbal medicine. The term “Tuina” literally translates to “push” and “lift and squeeze,” which accurately describes some of the many techniques employed during a Tuina session.

Pressure Point Therapy

A traditional acupressure or tuina practitioner frequently employs direct topical treatments and stimulation along the classic muscle and nerve pain pattern pathways. Dr. Janet Travel is credited for the development of contemporary trigger point therapy. The trigger point locations and charts are probably more accurate representations of pain referral patterns than the classical tendino muscular “meridian” charts used by traditional practitioners.

To the well-trained and historically knowledgeable acupuncture, tuina, or acupressure practitioner the theories underlying Travell’s trigger point therapy are “borrowed” from the well-established and much older methods employed in Asian medicine, acupuncture, and tuina centuries before Dr. Travell’s “discovery” of trigger points. In Asian medicine these soreness or pain point locations are called ahsi points. A closer translation of ahsi to English may be “that’s the point” meaning that upon palpation the practitioner has located the exact point of the patient’s pain or discomfort.

Pressure Point Technique – General Rules

Center yourself, relax and breathe.

Do not use any more force or pressure than is needed.

Do not provoke pain.

Do not provoke “push back” or guarding in a patient.

Use your body weight in a relaxed manner, not your upper body strength.

Push or pull from your feet not your upper body.

Use soft hands that stick and mold to your patient.

When you move into a technique - exhale.

When you move out of a technique - inhale.

Mobilize blood and energy into your hands and bring them to life.

Create a relaxed rhythm and ebb and flow of movement.

The essence of the session is energy, not pressure.

Pressure Point Technique – Patient Prone The Spine: Beginning at T1 (Bladder 11)and working downward along the spine and Bladder Meridian apply a bilateral thumb pressure along bladder meridian points. (Along the inner line of the bladder meridian) Apply palm vibration to the thoracic area medially and laterally over the ribs.

Apply light percussion cupping, pounding, and hacking lateral to the spine.

Beginning at L1 (Bladder 22 ) apply a bilateral thumb pressure along the bladder meridian and then down the middle of the sacrum pressing 5 points.

Apply a double palm, hand over hand, pressure directly on the sacrum.

Apply circular gluteal press (Ask for permission before performing this technique) Beginning at L5 (Bladder 26) apply a bilateral, medial to lateral, thumb pressure along the crest of the ilium.

Apply bilateral thumb pressure to Gallbladder 30 (Huantiao), located between the greater trochanter and the sacral hiatus, along a line connecting the two points.

Thigh, leg, and foot: Apply unilateral thumb pressure to Bladder 50, located mid posterior thigh and at the inferior gluteal crease.

Apply unilateral thumb pressure to Bladder 51, located midway down the posterior thigh, and along a center line down the thigh.

Pressure Point Technique

Apply unilateral forearm press down the thigh.

Apply unilateral forearm rolling press down the thigh.

Flex, lift, pull, and circle the knee.

Bend and move the knee laterally and circle and rotate the hip joint.

Apply unilateral forearm press down the leg.

Apply unilateral forearm rolling press down the leg.

Apply double palm press down the leg.

Apply thumb pressure to Bladder 57/58 located at the separation of the twin bellies of the gastrocnemius muscle.

Pressure Point Technique Thigh, leg, and foot: Apply grasping technique to the posterior leg muscles.

Pull, traction, and shake the leg, knee, and thigh.

Apply a rubbing squeeze to the Achilles tendon.

Apply a cupping squeeze to the calcaneus bone of the foot.

Bend, rotate, and stretch the foot.

Apply thumb pressure to Bladder 60, located posterior to the external malleolus.

Apply thumb pressure to the bottom of the foot, applying pressure to five points, along five lines, at the sole of the foot, from the heel to the ball of the foot. (in the depression formed by the arches)

Pressure Point Therapy Pressure Point Therapy (PPT) is a contemporary approach to tuina, acupressure, and acupuncture. PPT treatments are directed at ahsi points, trigger points, motor points, neurolymphatic points, fibromyalgia points, or what PPT practitioners refer to as hyperesthesia points. PPT therapists are frequently treating musculoskeletal pain and neuropathy along muscle pathways or nerve tracts. The major of meridians run between muscle groups within fascial plains, along and close to long bones, along and adjacent to arteries, and along nerve pathways.

Muscle pathway

A muscle pathway is the path along which the muscle fibers and fascia structures extend in a longitudinal direction.

117

Motor points

A motor point is a point at which a motor nerve enters a muscle. A motor point is located where the motor nerve enters the muscle. It is where the muscle is most electrically excitable, and potentially sensitive to pain.

118

Hyperesthesia points

A hyperesthesia point is an area of localized soreness, irritation, or pain.

Hyperesthesia points are characterized as either superficial or deep.

119

Pressure Point Therapy Ashi points were first cited in the 7th Century

by Sun Simiao (a Chinese physician who was known as China's King of Medicine) who specifically described methods of palpation, diagnosis, and treatment of tender or ashi points. Ashi points were recorded by Sun Simiao in the Tang Dynasty text Thousand Ducat Prescriptions. In the 7th Century Sun Simiao specifically described methods of palpation, diagnosis, and treatment of tender or ashi points. The locations of these regions of pain radiation correspond to the tendino muscular “meridians” of acupuncture and acupressure.

Pressure Point Therapy

"Qian Jin Yao Fang", also known as "preparation for urgent Qian Jin Yao Fang" and "Qian Jin Fang", is one of the classical works of traditional Chinese medicine in ancient China. It comprises a total of 30 volumes and is a comprehensive clinical encyclopedia, which is known as the earliest clinical encyclopedia in China. It was written by Sun Simiao in the Tang Dynasty,

Pressure Point Therapy

Dr. Travell did not discover this concept, it existed in eastern medicine hundreds of years before Travell appropriated the concept and renamed the points and pain dispersal patterns.

Pressure Point Therapy

The counter-irritation methods that are used to treat acupressure and ashi points and along the main meridian and tendino muscular pathways are a powerful tool that uses the body’s innate healing processes as previously described in this workbook, to generate a healing response in the cells and tissues via the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory response system.

Dr. Lawton’s Book on Tuina

First edition cover of Dr. Lawton’s book on Tuina and Acupressure.

Traditional Asian Medicine Section

Understanding Chi DEFENSIVE ENERGY

Defensive Chi Advanced yoga practitioners who train in dao yin, chi kung, abdominal breath work, iron shirt chi kung, bone marrow cleansing, tai chi chuan, and other related internal disciplines may know far more about the nature of chi and its manipulation than many traditional Asian medicine practitioners who do not participate in any of these internal practices. This at least has been my personal observation. I have often become acquainted with various healers who lack physical conditioning and who have not mastered basic aspects of the breathing practices common to the internal arts. How can someone who is in poor physical condition, who does not train in internal energy disciplines, and who has very little control over basic human functions such as breathing claim to possess the ability to control, direct, and project chi?

Defensive Chi A general definition of chi is that chi is energy, but since energy can come in many forms, what kind of energy is chi? A common definition of chi is that chi is a form of vital energy, breath, and blood. In some circles chi is thought to comprise the electrical potentials that we see in human cells or the forms of electrical energy that moves along and among the nerve pathways of the human body. I think that these are all good definitions of chi but that they fall short of fully defining it.

Defensive Chi

For those that work in the healing arts, and specifically, the hands-on healing arts such as tuina and acupressure, a common observation is that close proximity or direct physical contact with certain individuals results in a feeling of wellbeing. Another common observation is that some individuals seem to exude a stronger sense of this feeling of wellbeing than others. It is as if some individuals possess more chi or some electromagnetic force that radiates from them.

Defensive Chi Having observed and experienced this many times I have come to accept that certain people radiate a strong magnetic force that most likely emanates from what has been referred to in the west as a “strong constitution”. In 2017 Forbes magazine published an article that sought to answer the question, “Is it possible for the human body to create an electromagnetic field?” The short answer is yes, but not only can the human body emit an electromagnetic field, but according to the known laws of physics it must do that because it is comprised of atoms and atoms are held together, move, and interact with each other based on their electromagnetic energy fields. The question is not whether the body has an electromagnetic energy field, but rather it is why we don’t generally accept the fact that we are electromagnetic beings. Is this electromagnetic energy field chi? The answer to this question depends upon how you define chi.

Defensive Chi

Defensive chi or wei chi may be defined as chi which is protective by nature and that provides resistance to injury, infection, and disease. There are several ways or methods of cultivating defense chi including proper nutrition or the development of nutritive chi, as well as through physical training practices and breathwork. Internal martial artists cultivate defensive chi through practices such as, dao yin, chi kung, abdominal breath work, iron shirt chi kung, bone marrow cleansing, and other related internal disciplines.

Defensive Chi  As a result of these specialized methods and internal training practices students, practitioners, and masters of these techniques and methods can demonstrate resistance to physical trauma, bruising and hematoma, and the ability to absorb physical blows with a reduction in tissue damage and trauma. These abilities are the result of the cultivation of defensive chi.  We can build defensive chi in our bodies and in our patients by utilizing the practices cited above, avoiding certain stressors such as cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs, following a balanced training regimen, getting proper rest and relaxation, and following good dietary and nutritional practices. There are also tuina and acupressure techniques, like qua sha, that build our reserves of defensive chi or that redirect defensive chi to the surface connective tissues of the body.

Treating Common Conditions BI SYNDROME

Bi Syndrome

Bi-syndrome is a disorder resulting from the obstruction of meridians, sluggishness of chi and blood circulation after the invasion of pathogenic wind, cold, dampness or heat, and is characterized by pain, numbness and heaviness of muscles, tendons and joints or swelling, hotness and limitation of movement of joints. In Western terms bi-syndrome includes rheumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tuberculous arthritis, pyogenic arthritis, muscular rheumatism, sciatica, gout, and similar musculoskeletal and neurological conditions.

Types of Bi-syndrome

Bi Syndrome

Bi-syndrome of wind-dampness-heat type (rheumatic arthritis) is differentiated from that of wind-cold-dampness (osteoarthritis) type by its characteristics of redness, swelling, hotness and pain of joints.

Wandering Bi – Joint Soreness Wind disturbs the circulation of chi and blood making it uneven. Pain will migrate and move. Example: Sore neck after a being outdoors on a cold and windy day.

Painful Bi – Painful Joints This is a cold condition, is better with warmth and gets worse with cold. Deep fixed, aching pain in joint(s). Worse in low pressure and cold weather.

Bi Syndrome

Fixed Bi – Damp Dampness slows and congeals the circulation. Dull ache and/or a sense of heaviness in joints and muscles. Joint and muscle soreness. Pain and condition is localized. Worse in low pressure and humid weather.

Fever Bi Heat is considered to be an invading pathogen. Acute joint or muscle pain with inflammation. Swelling and pain. Worse with heat.

Muscular Bi

Bi Syndrome

Muscular pain with stiffness and coldness in a muscle group or region.

Tendino/Muscular Bi Pain and radiates and follows along the course of a channel or meridian. Marked by stiffness, coldness, and unusual nerve sensations.

Treating Along the Bladder Meridian ASSOCIATED POINTS AND TENDINO MUSCULAR PATHWAYS

The Tendino Muscular Pathways

The tendino-muscular meridians (TMMs), also known as “sinew channels,” or jing jin are energy pathways in traditional Chinese medicine. They run superficially through tendons, ligaments, and muscles, acting as a shield against external influences like cold, wind, dampness, heat, dryness, and summer heat. These channels are involved in functional activities of the musculoskeletal system and play a role in sprains, strains, and traumatic injuries.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

The Jing Jin pathways are known to contain Wei Qi, which is associated with kinetic energy and is easily influenced by external factors such as weather changes. Each tendino-muscular meridian starts at the Jing-Well points of their corresponding primary meridians and follows specific routes through the body, influencing various joints and muscle groups. For instance, the bladder Jing Jin pathway begins at the little toe, ascends along the leg, and travels up the back to the head, influencing muscles and tendons along its path.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

Symptoms associated with disturbances in these pathways often manifest as joint and muscle disorders, which can be explained by the influence of Wei Qi. For example, pain or stiffness in the neck, shoulders, or back can be linked to disruptions in the bladder Jing Jin pathway. Understanding these pathways is crucial in traditional Chinese medicine for diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal issues and other related conditions.

Tendino Muscular Pathways Research

Research on tendino-muscular pathways, often referred to in the context of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), focuses on the anatomical and functional aspects of these pathways, which are thought to relate to the body's meridian system. Here's a summary of notable research in this area: Langevin, H. M., & Yandow, J. A. (2002). "Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes." The Anatomical Record, 269(6), 257-265.

Description: This study investigates the anatomical basis of acupuncture points and meridians, suggesting that they correspond to connective tissue planes within the body. The authors propose that acupuncture meridians, including tendino-muscular pathways, may be linked to the organization of connective tissue, influencing its mechanical and physiological properties.

Reference: Langevin, H. M., & Yandow, J. A. (2002).

Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes.

Tendino Muscular Pathways Research

Langevin, H. M., Cornbrooks, C. J., & Taatjes, D. J. (2004). "Fibroblasts form a body-wide cellular network." Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 122(1), 7-15.

Description: This study explores the role of fibroblasts in forming a body-wide cellular network that could be involved in the functioning of meridians and tendinomuscular pathways. The authors suggest that this network may help explain the physical basis of these pathways in TCM. Reference: Langevin, H. M., Cornbrooks, C. J., & Taatjes, D. J. (2004). Fibroblasts form a body-wide cellular network. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 122(1), 7-15. doi:10.1007/s00418-004-0664-7

Tendino Muscular Pathways

Tendino muscular pathways down the posterior aspect of the back along the erector spinae and gluteal muscle regions with highlights for a couple of common myofascial trigger point areas.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

Fascial Planes

In modern anatomy, fascia is a sheet or band of connective tissue that surrounds muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, binding some structures together while permitting others to slide smoothly over each other. Fascia is continuous throughout the body and is divided into superficial, deep, and visceral fascia. It plays a crucial role in maintaining structural integrity, providing support and protection, enabling movement, and storing and releasing energy. The fascia's interconnected nature allows it to transmit mechanical forces throughout the body, influencing posture and movement patterns.

Fascial Planes

Modern discoveries and research regarding fascial planes and their pathways demonstrates a close association with the ancient concept of tendino muscular pathways.

The Bladder Meridian The Bladder Meridian is a crucial energy pathway in traditional Chinese medicine. It’s associated with the urinary system and plays a significant role in maintaining balance within the body. This meridian has 67 points and runs from the inner canthus of the eye, ascends over the head, descends along the dorsal surface of the trunk and lower limb, and terminates at the outer border of the little toe.

The Associated Points (Shu) Back-shu (Associated) points are acupuncture points on the back where the chi of the respective zangfu organs is infused. They are located on either side of the vertebral column, in close proximity to the spinal ganglia and their respective zangfu organs. Backshu points not only treat diseases of their associated organs but can also be diagnostic in nature.

Sensitivity upon palpation indicates a pathology of that organ. Back-shu points have a direct therapeutic effect on the diseases of the Five Zang organs.

Patient Management and Assessment

Patient Management and Informed Consent LEGAL PROTECTION AND LIABILITY

Comprehensive Treatment Protocol In manual medicine, herbal medicine, naturopathy, or holistic health care we rarely use topical substances as a standalone treatment or therapy, rather they are utilized as one step in a comprehensive treatment protocol. A comprehensive treatment protocol may include the following steps and procedures: 1.

Assessment of the problem.

2.

Identification of the cause of the problem.

3.

Determination of the best course of action and treatment for the problem.

4.

Delivery of manual therapy if determined to be appropriate.

5.

Utilization of a therapeutic modality such as a castor oil pack.

6.

The presentation of dietary and/or nutritional supplement recommendations.

7.

The presentation of herbal medicine recommendations and instructions.

8.

Instructions regarding therapeutic exercises

9.

Instructions regarding home care procedures.

10. Scheduling for reassessment and evaluation.

Treatment Plan

Treatment Plan

Informed Consent

Examination Hands on training section

Homeosomatic Cupping Therapy

It is recommended to assess, locate, and palpate areas of abnormal nerve activity and sensation and to document these area on a standard body mapping illustration.

HCT Patient Examination Assessment  When you are performing a patient interview and assessment you are determining and assessing the physical, mental/emotion, and when appropriate, the spiritual dimension of a patient. All these assessments are made, not from a viewpoint of diagnosing disease, but rather to determine and to assess what physical or behavioral changes may need to be recommended to the patient and made by the patient to enhance the patient’s wellbeing, or to prevent illness or disease.

AcuMyoTherapy Patient Treatment Plan

Preparing a coherent patient treatment plan is an important first step in the patient management and treatment process.

Patient Assessment HOMEOSOMATIC EVALUATION

Evaluation and Assessment

I recommend a system-by-system approach to patient evaluation and assessment based upon observation, palpation, and questioning.

Dr. Lawton

Integumentary System

Central Obesity

Spinal Posture

Gait

Feet

Hair, Skin, and Nails

Oral Health, Breath, Teeth, and Gums

Arthritis

Vision

Hearing

Assessment by Body System

Major Body Systems 

Digestive System: Responsible for breaking down food mechanically and chemically, the digestive system absorbs nutrients into the body for energy. It includes organs like the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines.



Skeletal System: Composed of bones and cartilages, the skeletal system provides mechanical support, protects internal organs, and assists in movement. There are 206 bones in an adult human body.



Muscular System: This system enables movement by contracting and relaxing muscles. It includes both voluntary (skeletal) and involuntary (smooth and cardiac) muscles.



Urinary System (Renal System): The urinary system filters blood through the kidneys, producing urine to eliminate waste products and maintain fluid balance.

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Cardiovascular System: Responsible for circulating blood throughout the body, the cardiovascular system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. It transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones while eliminating waste products.



Endocrine System: This system produces hormones that regulate various bodily functions, such as the menstrual cycle, blood sugar levels, and growth.

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Lymphatic System (Immune System): The lymphatic system drains excess tissue fluid, transports immune cells, and defends the body against pathogens.

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Reproductive System: Responsible for producing reproductive cells (sperm and eggs), this system contributes to the process of reproduction. It differs between males and females.



Integumentary System: Comprising the skin and its appendages (hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands), the integumentary system provides physical protection, sensory reception, and even synthesizes vitamin D.





Respiratory System: Involved in gas exchange, the respiratory system allows us to breathe. It brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. Additionally, it helps regulate acid-base balance and is essential for phonation (speech).

Nervous System: The nervous system collects and processes information from the senses, regulates vital functions, and coordinates body movements. It includes the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nerves.

Hyperesthesia Point Location

Hyperesthesia Point Location:

Locating Treatment Points

When during examination and treatment you locate hyperesthesia points treat them with the appropriate protocol. We use the term hyperesthesia points to describe “Trigger” points, pain points, ashi points, fibromyalgia points, neurolymphatic points, and the entire collection of vague and non-specific point terminology used by various health disciplines.

Nerve and Neuron Lymphatics Section

Nerves and Lymphatics NERVE PERI-LYMPHATIC SYSTEM – GLYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Nerves and Lymphatics Traditionally, it was believed that the brain lacked lymphatic vessels. However, recent discoveries have challenged this notion.

Scientists found functional lymphatic vessels in the brain. These vessels can carry fluid and immune cells from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through a system called the glymphatic system. The glymphatic system, managed by glial cells, rapidly moves CSF throughout the brain, removing waste. These newly discovered lymphatic vessels may play a role in neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s disease, meningitis, and multiple sclerosis.

Nerves and Lymphatics Nerve Peri-lymphatic System – Glympahtic System

Nerves and Lymphatics Nerve Peri-lymphatic System – Glympahtic System

Nerves and Lymphatics Microcirculation of Blood and Lymph:  Peripheral nerves are surrounded by a delicate network of circulatory and lymphatic vessels. These vessels are responsible for bringing oxygenated blood to the nerve, immune defense and the removal of waste and infectious materials. Nerve-Lymphatic  Autonomic nerves (sympathetic and parasympathetic) have been detected in the walls of collecting lymphatic vessels.

Differences in lymphatic innervation can affect lymphatic flow, and reductions in nerve fibers occur in aging individuals, contributing to lymphatic dysfunction.

Nerve and Neuron Lymphatics

Herbal Medicine Section

Moxibustion AN ANCIENT HEALING TECHNIQUE

Moxibustion Moxibustion therapy is an ancient healing technique rooted in traditional Asian medicine (TAM) that involves the burning of mugwort, a dried herb, either directly on the skin or indirectly above the skin at specific acupuncture points. The gentle heat generated by burning moxa stimulates these acupuncture points, promoting the flow of chi (vital energy) throughout the body and restoring balance to the body's systems.

Moxibustion is believed to enhance circulation, alleviate pain, strengthen the immune system, and address various health conditions such as digestive disorders, menstrual irregularities, and musculoskeletal issues. It is often used in conjunction with acupuncture but can also be a standalone therapy. Moxibustion's holistic approach aims to harmonize the body's energy and promote overall well-being.

Moxibustion The exact year when moxibustion began is not precisely known, as it originated in ancient China, likely thousands of years ago. It is believed to have been practiced for over two millennia, with its usage documented in ancient Chinese medical texts such as the "Huangdi Neijing" (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon), which dates to around 300 BCE to 100 BCE. So, while we don't have a specific year, we know that moxibustion has been used for a very long time in traditional Chinese medicine.

Moxibustion Burning herbs as a form of healing or ritual practice is found in various cultures around the world, including shamanistic traditions. In many indigenous cultures, burning herbs like sage, cedar, or sweetgrass has been used for purification, spiritual cleansing, and healing purposes for centuries. These practices often involve creating smoke, which is believed to carry prayers, intentions, or healing energies.

While the specific rituals and beliefs associated with burning herbs may vary among different cultures, the practice itself has deep historical and cultural roots, often intertwined with spiritual and healing traditions. It's plausible that some early forms of burning herbs over the body for therapeutic purposes may have originated from shamanistic rituals or similar spiritual practices.

Moxibustion Moxibustion for Essential Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Published in the journal Medicine in 2019, this systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of moxibustion in treating essential hypertension. The findings indicated that moxibustion might have potential benefits in lowering blood pressure, though more high-quality research is needed to confirm these effects.

Moxibustion for Chronic Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. This systematic review, published in the journal Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2020, assessed the evidence for moxibustion in treating chronic insomnia. The analysis suggested that moxibustion could be a promising adjunctive therapy for improving sleep quality in individuals with chronic insomnia.

Moxibustion for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. This metaanalysis, published in the journal Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine in 2016, investigated the efficacy of moxibustion in relieving primary dysmenorrhea. The findings suggested that moxibustion may be effective in reducing menstrual pain compared to conventional treatments or placebo.

Oil Infused Moxibustion

At the Blue Heron Academy of Healing Arts and Sciences we utilize a “smokeless” infused oil form of moxibustion using an oil infused mugwort formulation combined with castor oil, flaxseed oil, and on occasion an essential oil.

This oil infused moxa is applied to ahsi points, along meridians, and along tendino muscular pathways. This process will be covered in more detail in the next section of this workbook.

Herb Infused Oils and Medicated Oils AN ADJUNCT TO CUPPING, GUA SHA, AND PRESSURE POINT THERAPY

Herb Infused Oils and Medicated Oils Homeosomatic Topical Herbal Pharmacotherapy

Herb Infused Oils

Herb infused oils are prepared by selecting an herb or herbal blend and then cutting or grinding the dried plant material to a size and consistency that allows the oil to permeate the herbal material and to draw out and dissolve the chemical constituents into solution. In the “long” method the mixture is allowed to sit in a cool dark place for up to 8 weeks. In the “fast” method or what is called the “alcohol intermediary method”, the dried plant material is cut or ground into an acceptable size and soaked in a very small amount of alcohol for 24 hours and then it is soaked in a carrier oil for 24 to 48 hours and finally strained. During the 24-to-48hour period the mixture is warmed to a temperature of 110-degrees Fahrenheit. When the appearance of the solution is appropriate for the herb or herbs being infused, the solution is strained. The remaining mixture of herbs may be used for other purposes.

Herb Infused Oils

An herb-infused oil, also known as a macerated oil, consists of a carrier oil that has been permeated (“infused” or “macerated”) with one or more herbs. The benefit of using an infused oil is that it combines the properties of both the carrier oil and the herbs. Unlike essential oils, which are highly concentrated extracts, infused oils are gentler and less concentrated. They capture the whole essence of the herb and can be used for various purposes, from skincare to cooking. For example, on average an essential oil only captures 4 or 5 percent of the chemical constituents in an herb, whereas an herb-infused oil will extract over 90 percent of the herbal constituents.

For the fast or alcohol intermediary method of extraction heat is used to speed up the process.

There are several ways in which heat is used:  Warm Infusion: Heat the oil and herbs gently on the stovetop.

Herb Infused Oils

 Solar Infusion: Place the herbs in a jar with oil and let it sit in a sunny window for 4-6 weeks.  Stovetop Infusion: Simmer the herbs and oil together.  Oven Infusion: Use low heat in the oven to infuse the oil.  Yogurt Maker: Place the mixture into jars and into a yogurt maker at 110 degrees Fahrenheit.  Double Boiler: Place the jars in a double boiler with water and set to simmer lightly.

Herb Infused Oils

Topical and Medicated Infused Oil Therapy Herbal blends and formulas include herbal infused oils using castor oil and flax seed oil as a carrier and adding essential oils such as poke root.  Castor Oil Packs  Infused Oil Treatment (IOT) (Poke Root)  Essential oils such as ginger and germanium  Mugwort infused oil

Mugwort is an effective ingredient for soothing even the most sensitive skin. It offers anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant benefits, and it could even help protect your skin against free radical damage.

Anti-Inflammatory Properties: 

Mugwort Infused Oil

Mugwort soothes irritated skin and reduces redness. It’s excellent for calming inflammation caused by external factors like sun damage or pollution.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Benefits: 

Mugwort has natural antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it effective against skin-damaging bacteria. It helps maintain healthy skin.

Antioxidant Protection: 

Rich in antioxidants, including vitamin E, mugwort protects the skin barrier from free radical damage. This contributes to preventing premature aging and other skin issues.

Softening, Moisturizing, and Toning:  Mugwort’s healing properties leave the skin soft and hydrated. Regular use can enhance overall skin health.

Mugwort Infused Oil

Ideal for Sensitive Skin:  It is well tolerated by most skin types. Its gentle nature makes it suitable for sensitive skin types.

Anti-Microbial Effects:  Mugwort’s compound called azulene has antimicrobial properties, helping maintain a healthy skin microbiome.

Herb Infused Oil Formulations Homeosomatic Topical Herbal Pharmacotherapy

Formulations

An herbal formulation refers to a dosage form that consists of one or more herbs or processed herbs in specific quantities. These formulations are designed to provide specific nutritional or therapeutic effects.

Arnica, Arnica montana (flowers) – Analgesic and Antiinflammatory. Used topically or homeopathically.

Blue Vervain, Verbena hastata (all parts but mainly aerial parts) – Nervine, Relaxant, Sedative, Anti-spasmodic upper body.

Recommended Herbal Pharmacy

Boswellia, Boswellia serrata - Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic, Contains boswellic acids that can treat pain and inflammation.

Calendula Flowers, Calendula officinalis – Antiinflammatory, Anodyne, treatment of skin conditions and rashes.

California Poppy, Eschscholzia californica – Sedative, Antispasmodic, Anodyne, the bright orange flowers of the California poppy, leaves and other aerial parts are used.

Capsicum or Red pepper, Capsicum annuum – Vasodilatation, Anti-inflammatory, Anodyne. Use for arthritis and joint pain and inflammation.

Chamomile Flower, Matricaria chamomilla – Mild Nervine, Relaxant, Sedative.

Clove buds, Syzygium aromaticum – Anodyne, Anti-inflammatory, may be added to capsicum.

Pain, Inflammation, Sedation, and Muscle Spasm

Cramp Bark, Viburnum opulus – Anti-spasmodic mainly female reproductive system and smooth muscle.

Devil’s Claw, Harpagophytum procumbens, Devil’s claw is a South African herb with medicinally active roots used to treat pain and inflammation.

Hops Flowers, Humulus lupulus – Sedative, Nervine, Relaxant, Anti-inflammatory.

Kava Root, Piper methysticum – Nervine, Relaxant, Sedative, Anti-spasmodic general and lower body.

Lavender, Lavandula spp. (aerial parts) – Nervine, Sedative, Relaxant.

Licorice Root, Glycyrrhiza glabra – Antiinflammatory. Contains phyto sterols like hydrocortisone and estrogen.

Pain, Inflammation, Sedation, and Muscle Spasm

Meadowsweet, Filipendula ulmaria (all parts but mainly flowers and leaves) – Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic. Contains salicin.

Mugwort, Artemisia vulgaris (Roots, leaves, stems, and flowers) – Nervine, Sedative, Antispasmodic, Warming tonic.

Mullein Leaf and Flower, Verbascum Thapsus – Respiration, Expectorant, Anodyne, Antiinflammatory, Anti-tussive, skin irritation and inflammation.

Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis (all aerial parts but mainly the flowers and leaves) – Antiinflammatory, Nervine, and Sedative.

Pain, Inflammation, Sedation, and Muscle Spasm

Sage, Salvia officinalis (all aerial parts) – Antiinflammatory, encourages new blood vessel growth and circulation, encourages nerve healing and regeneration, anti-spasmodic, nervine.

Skullcap, Scutellaria spp. (Aerial parts and roots) – Nervine, Sedative, Anti-inflammatory, Antispasmodic, Anti-convulsant, increases blood flow, prevents, and treats neuron damage in the brain.

Teasel Root, Dipsacus fullonum – Antiinflammatory, Anodyne, Lyme disease excellent for joint pain, osteoarthritis.

Turmeric Root, Curcuma longa – Antiinflammatory, Anti-microbial, and pain relief.

Valerian Root, Valeriana officinalis, Nervine, Sedative.

The following information provides a list of the various formulations and combinations I typically use for patient treatment:

Formulations



Castor oil and flaxseed oil 50/50 blend.

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Castor oil and flaxseed oil 50/50 blend plus dried skullcap infusion (nerve conditions).

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Castor oil and flaxseed oil 50/50 blend plus dried sage infusion (increase circulation, edema, vascular insufficiency).

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Castor oil and flaxseed oil 50/50 blend plus dried mugwort infusion (anti-spasmodic and warming tonic).

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Safflower oil and dried red pepper (capsicum) infusion (increase blood flow and reduce pain).

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Safflower oil and dried poke root (Phytolacca americana) infusion (for the treatment of lymphatic conditions, immune response, and lymphedema).

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Castor oil and poke root infusion 50/50 blend.

The following formulation is recommended for general use for musculoskeletal conditions related to pain, inflammation, and muscle spasm.

Formulations – General Use

The general formulation is blended by using flaxseed oil and adding castor oil, and mugwort infused oil.

Formulation: (Equal parts of each oil)  Castor Oil – 1 Part  Flaxseed Oil – 1 Parts  Mugwort Oil – 1 Part To this formulation you may also add an essential oil according to correct dilution procedures.

The following formulation is used for nerve conditions and neuropathy as well as to encourage blood circulation and lymphatic activity around nerve tracks.

Formulations – Nerve Detoxification

The nerve tonic is blended by using sweet almond oil and adding mugwort infused oil and skullcap infused oil.

Formulation: (Equal parts of each oil)  Sweet Almond Oil – 1 Parts  Mugwort Oil – 1 Parts  Skullcap Oil – 1 Parts To this formulation you may also add an essential oil according to correct dilution procedures.

The following formulation is used for respiratory conditions such as asthma, COPD, and idiopathic fibrocystic pulmonary disease.

Formulations – Respiratory Conditions

The respiratory formulation is blended by using castor oil and adding mugwort infused oil and rosemary infused oil as well as camphor and eucalyptus essential oils.

Formulation:  Castor Oil – 3 Parts  Mugwort Oil – 1 Part  Rosemary Oil – 1 Part  Camphor Essential Oil – 6 drops per ounce  Eucalyptus Essential Oil – 6 drops per ounce

The following formulation is used for the treatment and remediation of problem scars.

Formulations – Scar Remediation

The scar formulation is blended by using castor oil and flaxseed oil and adding mugwort infused oil and sage infused oil as well as rose essential oil.

Formulation:  Castor Oil – 1 Part  Flaxseed Oil – 2 Parts  Mugwort Oil – 1 Part  Sage Oil – 2 Parts  Rose Essential Oil – 18 drops per ounce

Formulations – Commonly Used Oils

Sweet Almond Oil (Prunus amygdalus) – Mugwort Oil (Artemisia vulgaris) – Skullcap Oil (Scutellaria lateriflora) – Castor Oil (Ricinus communis) – Flaxseed Oil (Linum usitatissimum) – Rosemary Oil (Salvia Rosmarinus) -Camphor Essential Oil (Cinnamomum camphora) – Eucalyptus Essential Oil (Eucalyptus) – Sage Oil (Salvia officinalis) - Rose Essential Oil (Rosa/Rosa damascene/Rosa centifolia) – Frankincense Essential Oil (Boswellia Serrata) - Valerian Root (Valeriana officinalis) - Mullein Leaf and Flower (Verbascum thapsus) - Clove Bud Essential Oil (Syzygium aromaticum) Lavender (Lavandula spp) Essential Oil Arnica (Arnica montana) - Calendula (Calendula officinalis)

Medicated Oils and Liniments PROPRIETARY COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS

Po Sum On Po Sum On Oil is formulated with the following ingredients:  Peppermint oil, which is used to alleviate headache, back pain and post-herpetic neuralgia when applied topically  Dragon blood, the resin from Daemonorops draco, which is commonly used to promote blood circulation and tissue regeneration while relieving pain  Cinnamon oil, which has warming analgesic qualities and aids in circulation  Chinese camellia oil, which has been known to effectively eliminate chill and ease pain

Po Sum On

Po Sum On Oil provides effective treatment for:  Chest discomfort from coughing  Itching from insect bites  Joint and muscle aches  Motion sickness  Rheumatic pains

Directions:  Apply Po Sum On Oil to affected area not more than three to four times daily.  Po Sum On Oil is suitable for adults and children over two years old.  Do not apply on open wounds.  For external use only.  May be inhaled with steam.

Wood Lock Medicated Oil

Wood Lock® oil is a topical analgesic made from menthol, camphor, turpentine, cinnamon, and peppermint, which gives it a distinctive scent. It also contains methyl salicylate, a pain-relieving compound that's related to the active ingredient in aspirin, and a proprietary blend of herbs.

Wood Lock

Ingredients found in Wood Lock:  Medicated Oil - Wong To Yick - Huo Luo Oil

How to Use Wood Lock Medicated Oil Wong to Yick- Huo Luo Oil:

 Camphor 10%

Adults and children seven years of age and older: apply three or four drops of medicated oil to affected area two or three times per day.

 Menthol 16%  Methyl Salicylate  Lavender oil

Zheng Gu Shui The ingredients in Zheng Gu Shui are listed as follows:  Pseudoginseng 25%.  Croton seed 18%.  Cinnamon bark 13%.  Angelica root 13%.  Gentiana 12%.  Inula flower 12%.  Menthol crystal 3%.  Camphor crystal 2%.

Zheng Gu Shui Usage and Benefits:  Zheng Gu Shui (Chinese: 正骨水; literally: 'bone-setting liquid') is a traditional Chinese liniment. This external analgesic is known to relieve qi and blood stagnation, promote healing, and soothe pain. The formula is known as Dit da jow (hit fall wine) in Cantonese or die da jiu in Mandarin.  The liniment was used to treat fractures, broken bones and injuries suffered in combat. It is used today by practitioners of Chinese medicine to treat pain or trauma from backache, arthritis, strains, bruises, and sprains.

 Zheng Gu Shui is also used by people who suffer from achy feet from long-time standing or people who suffer from Plantar Fasciitis by applying with a cotton ball and letting air dry before putting on socks and shoes. Due to its nature, it can stain clothing if not dried properly. Stains generally can be removed with a small amount of alcohol.  Panax pseudoginseng is a species of the genus Panax. Common names include Pseudoginseng, Nepal ginseng, and Himalayan ginseng. Pseudoginseng belongs to the same scientific genus as ginseng. In Latin, the word panax means "cure-all", and the family of ginseng plants is one of the best-known herbs.

Directions for Use:

Zheng Gu Shui

 Apply Zheng Gu Shui to affected area not more than three to four times daily.  Po Sum On Oil is suitable for adults and children over two years old.  Do not apply on open wounds.  For external use only.

Contraindications and Warnings – For all the above listed products:  For external use only, do not use internally.  Do not use other than directed.

Contraindications and Warnings

 Do not use these products on open wounds, damaged, or exposed skin.  Do not use these products if a patient is allergic to aspirin or salicylates.  Do not use these products if a patient is allergic to any ingredients of these products.

Contraindications and Warnings – For all the above listed products:  When using these products avoid contact with the eyes, mucous membranes or genitals.  Do not bandage tightly over an area that has been treated with these products.

Contraindications and Warnings

 Stop use of these products and consult with a doctor if excessive irritation of the skin  develops.  Stop use if the treated condition worsens.  Stop use if symptoms persist for more than 7 days.  Stop use of these products if symptoms clear up and occur again within a few days.  Keep out of reach of children.  If swallowed, get medical help, or contact a Poison Control Center right away.

General Directions for Use

Clean and dry the affected area before application. Do not use these products on wet or sweaty skin. Adults and children seven years of age and older: Apply to affected area not more than three times daily. These products will remain effective for about eight hours under normal conditions. Do not use these products on children under seven years of age.

General Contraindications

General Contraindications CONTRAINDICATIONS TO THE USE OF A CASTOR OIL PACK, INFUSED OILS, ESSENTIAL OILS, AND/OR MEDICATED OILS

 Contraindications: Situations in which castor oil packs, infused oils, essential oils, and medicated oils combined with cupping, gua sha, or pressure point therapy should not be used). There may be exceptions, but only if ordered by a physician.  Open Wounds: Do not perform NMT over broken skin or recent unhealed surgical incisions.

Contraindications

 Thinning Skin: Avoid performing NMT to thinning or fragile skin in the elderly or in any medical condition where the skin integrity is compromised.  Skin Ulcers: Do not use NMT on patients with skin ulceration and/or infection.  Acute Cellulitis: This condition involves inflammation of the skin caused by bacteria (usually staphylococcus or streptococcus). If a patient has acute cellulitis, characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and warmth in the infected area, NMT is not recommended.

 Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Do not use NMT with patients with a history or who have DVT (a blood clot in a deep vein). It can increase blood flow and dislodge the clot, potentially causing a pulmonary embolism.

Contraindications, Continued

 Uncontrolled Diabetes: NMT can worsen pinsand-needles sensations (peripheral neuropathy) associated with uncontrolled diabetes.  Active Cancer: Do not use NMT with patients who are undergoing cancer treatment unless prescribed by a licensed physician.  Lymph Node Removal: Do not perform NMT directly over areas where lymph nodes have been surgically removed or damaged by trauma.  Varicose Veins: Tortuous varicose veins may be both and indication and contraindication for NMT.

 Fever: Not recommended for patients with a fever.  Broken or Damaged Skin: Do not perform NMT techniques over broken or damaged skin. (Risk of infection)

Contraindications, Continued

 Pregnancy: Care is required during pregnancy.  Certain Medications: Patients who are taking blood thinner medications may observe bruising under the skin due to the increased circulation effects.

Contraindications, Continued

Patients who present with signs and symptoms of nerve disorders should always be evaluated by a physician to determine the cause of the condition, appropriateness of manual care, and the possibility of combined medical care.

Therapeutic Modalities Section

Therapeutic Modalities ANCILLARY TECHNIQUES

In the homeosomatic treatment protocols and patient treatment plans we also use many ancillary techniques. The choice of which techniques, therapeutic modalities to use, is based upon the condition of the patient, their diagnosis, their age, and complicating factors.

These ancillary techniques include:

Ancillary Methods

 Cupping  Laser, Red light or Bioptron Therapy  Castor Oil Packs  Infused Oil Treatment (IOT) (Poke Root)  Dry Brushing  Gua Sha  Moxa (IOT)  Kinesio tape (KinesioStretch Method)  Herbal medicine and supplementation

Ancillary Techniques Cupping

Ancillary Techniques Cupping

Ancillary Techniques Red Light Therapy

Ancillary Techniques Laser

Ancillary Techniques Bioptron

Ancillary Techniques Dry Brushing

Ancillary Techniques Gua Sha

Ancillary Techniques Moxa

Ancillary Techniques Micro Stim

Ancillary Techniques High Frequency Percussion

Ancillary Techniques Dry Needling

Ancillary Techniques Castor Oil Packs

Ancillary Techniques Herbal Medicine

Ancillary Techniques Nutraceuticals

Ancillary Techniques Homeopathy

Research and Reference Section

Research EVIDENCE BASED STUDIES ON HERBAL MEDICINE

REFERENCES Lauche, R., Cramer, H., Choi, K. E., Rampp, T., Saha, F. J., Dobos, G., & Musial, F. (2017). The influence of a series of five dry cupping treatments on pain and mechanical thresholds in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain—A randomised controlled pilot study. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 12, 29-37.

Kim, T. H., Kang, J. W., Kim, K. H., Lee, M. S., & Ernst, E. (2011). Cupping for treating pain: a systematic review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011.

Cao, H., Li, X., Liu, J. (2012). An updated review of the efficacy of cupping therapy. PLoS ONE, 7(2), e31793 Maximilian Braun, Miriam Schwickert, Arya Nielsen, Stefan Brunnhuber, Gustav Dobos, Frauke Musial, Rainer Lüdtke, Andreas Michalsen, Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese “Gua Sha” Therapy in Patients with Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Pain Medicine, Volume 12, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 362–369, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01053.x

References Qi Fei, Cai Ye, Chen Jun Jie, Chen Chun Li, Han Xue Er, Xia Qiu, Kapranov Philipp. Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment, Gua Sha, can Induce Subtle Molecular Changes in Gene Expression[J]. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 2023, 36(5): 441-451. doi: 10.3967/bes2023.053 shu Yeung W, Chen S, Cheung DST, et al. Self-Administered Acupressure for Probable Knee Osteoarthritis in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e245830. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5830 Wang, X., Yang, G., Li, K. et al. Efficacy and safety of acupressure in nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Arch Gynecol Obstet 309, 1237–1248 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-023-07313-0

Conclusion

Conclusion SUMMING UP OUR WORKSHOP

Conclusion Hopefully, our workshop has shed light on the profound benefits and techniques of cupping, gua sha, and pressure point therapy. Through hands-on demonstrations and insightful discussions, participants have gained a deeper understanding of these ancient healing modalities, their principles, and their application in modern healthcare. As we embrace the holistic approach to wellness, incorporating these therapies into our practice not only offers our patients relief from various ailments but also fosters a deeper connection between mind, body, and spirit. Moving forward, let us continue to explore, refine, and integrate these powerful tools into our healing repertoire, enriching both our own lives and those of the individuals we serve through continuing and education and training within the vast array of knowledge and experience offered through the FastTrack workshops.

FastTrack Workshop Section

Other American Health Source FastTrack Certification Workshops NCBTMB APPROVED CONTINUING EDUCATION

American Health Source – FastTrack Workshop

American Health Source – FastTrack Workshop

American Health Source – FastTrack Workshop

American Health Source – FastTrack Workshop

American Health Source – FastTrack Workshop

American Health Source – FastTrack Workshop

American Health Source – FastTrack Workshop

No part of this proprietary material is to be used for any purpose, other than clinical therapy and treatment provided to patients, by schools or other organizations, without the express written approval of Dr. Lawton.

Clinical Cupping, Myofascial Scraping, and Pressure Point Therapy

Dr. Gregory T. Lawton 616-570-0790 drlawton@clinicalhealthmaintenance.com www.blueheronacademy.com Homeosomatic Topical Herbal Pharmacotherapy

Clinical Cupping, Myofascial Scraping, and Pressure Point Therapy ANCIENT ORIGINS AND MODERN PRACTICES