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THE DIFFERENCE OF INDONESIAN HORROR FILM AND AMERICAN HORROR FILM English Cultural Background Lecture : Dr. Syamsudin, M. Hum

Compiled By :

Muhammad Fajar Shiddieq

16320176

ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT HUMANITIY FACULTY THE STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG 2018

Background In this paper the authors will analyzing the difference of Indonesian horror film and American horror film. Horror film genre is one that is often elevated in the movies, and the given antimoni against horror genre films is huge once from the film connoisseur and it proved to be of several horror films that have been successful either in Indonesia or United. even some of the horror movie made the sequel because the magnitude enthusiasm of the spectators about the continuation of the story from the horror film.

Starting from that, the author interested in writing about the difference about a horror movie from two countries. Later authors will also discuss about the history of the horror film genre in Indonesia and the Americas, not only that the author will also discuss about the difference of a few sides like the differences seen from shooting techniques, setting, theme used, and how the acting from the horror movie players.

Questions 1. How is the history of Indonesian and American horror film?

2. What is the difference of indonesian and American horror films?

3. What is The technique that used to take the pictures in a horror film?

Discussion A. The History Of Indonesian and American Horror film 1. Indonesia As a genre, horror is one of the main genres among 10 other major genres in the movie world. 10 main genres include action, adventure, comedy, crime, drama, gangster & epics/historical, musical/dance, Sci-Fi (science fiction), war, and western (Karis, 2001, p.

561). According to Dharmawan (2008), Horror movie is designed to evoke a sense of horror, fear, terror, or the horror of the audience. In the plots of a horror movie, a variety of strengths, Genesis, or the evil character, sometimes it all comes from the world of the supernatural, that enters the human world (Karis, 2001, p. 561).

As a genre, the horror movie is a genre that is popular in Indonesia. Emerging dominance of horror films in the world cinema in Indonesia. However, the trend of horror films and horror film production is not something new in the world of cinema in Indonesia. The most sinister feel of the film, the first in Indonesia entitled Doea Siloeman Oeler Poeti en Item (1934). This story became the second movie in Indonesia after Indonesia's first film Loetoeng Kasaroeng i.e. (1926). The film was by The Teng Chun. He produced this film along with Cino Motion Pictures. The film revolves around two of the demon who wants to become human. Whereas Katinka van Heeren (2007, p. 212) stated that the film with the horror genre has been produced in 1934 when Indonesia was still under the colonies of the Netherlands. The movie was made

by The Teng Cun and was given the title: Two Snake Siloeman Black and White or in Bahasa is Doea Siloeman Oeler Poeti en Item. In the range of 1940 until 1941, the company The Teng Chun i.e. Java Industrial Film, managed to produce 15 films. One of them is titled Tengkorak Hidoep (1941) by Tjoe Hock. The film was very successful in the market. In addition due to the effects of lightning and the moving skull, his story is also interesting, that is about the journey of a swordsman to a haunted Island (Shintya, 2018).

Afterwards, horror movies had dimmed and then shine back in 1971. Marked by the release of the film “Lisa” by M Syariefudin and “Beranak Dalam Kubur” by Awaludin and Ali Shahab. Of Beranak Dalam Kubur, the horror film Legend of Indonesia, Suzanna debuted. The massive advantage gained by successful films “Beranak Dalam Kubur” which yielded Rp72 million over the serving of the film. After that, there is 22 titles horror movie sprung up from

1972 until 1980. From 1981 until 1991, at least 84 of the title of horror films, 16 of them starring Suzanna (Shintya, 2018).

Since the beginning, the development of Indonesia's horror movie, folklore was an important story material (Kusumaryati in Imanjaya, 2011, p. 202). At the beginning of the production – such as film Doea Siloeman Oeler Poeti In Item (1934), a film about the phantom takes story based on a Chinese legend story (Arjanto, 2003: p. 23). Entry to the 70 's, the local folklore is still an important element in the story of the Indonesian horror film. Only, these are taken from the local folklore tales that originated in Java. There is various horror character figure like Nyi Roro Kidul, Kuntilanak, Tuyul, or Nyi Blorong (,2001 Karis, p. 562).

Karl Heider in Rusdiarti (2009, p. 11) States that a horror movie on a new order cannot be separated from the three elements. Three elements include elements of comedy, sex, and religion. The third element becomes a potent recipe that able to make horror movies favoured by the audience – at the time of the new order. For example, characters such as Bang Bokir that often appear in the late horror film starring Susanna. Bang Bokir with behaviours that is funny on its own elements into horror movies can entertain the audience (Karis, 2001, p. 562).

After the Decade of the 1980 's, the success of the horror-film genre experienced a decline.

According to the data of production horror film, during the 1980 horror film production reached 78 films. While production of the horror movie of the decade 1990-2000s reached only 35 titles (Kusumaryati, 2011, p. 200). In the end, the next period horror film, which is a period horror film after the year 1998 – or post-reform (Karis, 2001, p. 562). Enter the year 2000, any horror shows popping up on television and boom, such as Pemburu Hantu, Uka-Uka and Dunia Lain.

When television began to master the world of horror, Jose Rizal Mantovani and Poernomo took a different angle. They were thus producing horror films with the title Jelangkung (2001). The film managed to bring in 1.5 million viewers in Indonesia. This horror film managed to rival the success of Petualangan Sherina (2000) by Riri Riza (Shintya, 2018).

On the other hand, horror films featuring spooky places certain well sprung. Some of the sights of mystery matter raised in the film, such as in Hantu Jeruk Purut (2006), Rumah Kentang (2012), Mall Klender (2014), or Taman Langsat Mayestik (2014). Currently, the romance of past horror film try was reinstated. One of them is a 1982 film back made by Joko Anwar, i.e. Pengabdi Setan. Pengabdi Setan film (1982) directed by Sisworo Gautama Putra.

Joko Anwar was so eager to pursue this film production permits for 10 years. Anwar's effort not hopeless, proven 4.2 million viewers want to watch it. Anwar announced that Pengabdi

Setan will be broadcast in 42 countries, including the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, and Taiwan. Anwar's success is not without reason. In addition due to the technological developments rapidly growth to realize the imagination, the public also missed and want to know its past horror films. In addition to Pengabdi Setan, there is also a Danur: I Can See Ghost at 2017 successful before with 2.7 million viewers during the telecast and many other horror films. Pengabdi Setan and Danur: I Can See Ghost becomes one evidence of horror film Indonesia began to improve its quality. Not showing the impression of sex at all, horror can still be enjoyed as one of the favourite genres of film lovers in Indonesia (Shintya, 2018).

2. America The horror movie was confirmed as one of the genres of the film by Hollywood in the early 1930 's. The influx of horror stories into the film actually has a long history, among others, the existence of the influence of the stories or myths that live in the community European literature, particularly the United Kingdom. Two major myths are closely linked to the horror story is the work of Mary Shelley “Frankenstein” (1818) and “Dracula” by Bram Stocker works (1897) which originated from the novel that was published in the 19th century. One more important piece in the horror stories are the work of Polidori's “The Vampire” that was published in 1819. The horror stories by Pirie, an observer of horror stories, classified into types of gothic horror marking the donation of United Kingdom literature on the horror genre. In the United Kingdom itself a horror film production refers to the tradition of Gothic literature tradition that was rooted in the United Kingdom in the 18th century it was only started in the late 1950 's (yoesoef, 2003, p. 105).

The stories in the horror film (also in the form of the novel) at the beginning makes it generally describes the life of a society plagued by monsters. These monsters do acts of murder and persecution. This action very threatening society in the form of murder in ways unusual and supernatural tends to be in accordance with the characteristics of the offender itself (monsters). Unusual sensations that made a better value by the makers of horror movies in Hollywood who later made a formula in the making of a horror movie (yoesoef, 2003, p. 105106). The early films of Horror monsters in the development started in early America produced in the Decade of 1910 's to early 1920 's. One of them that stands out is the Edison Frankenstein (1910) that produced by the Edison Studios. The horror films became popular in Europe, especially Germany through Der Student von Prag (1913), as well as Nachte des Grauens (1916) was one of the first vampire films. Germany is Expressionism cinema which gives the

Foundation rests next to the development of the horror genre. The flow of this movie's prefixed with cinema nuanced horror, Cabinet of Dr Caligary (1919) by Robert Wiene's direction. The film portrays a series of acts of murder by the figure of the monster who controlled hypnotist named Dr Caligari. As for horror-themed movies more influential is the Nosferatu (1922) F.W. Murnau that is inspired from the novel Dracula by Bram Stocker, works the legend of Der Golem (1921) the direction of Paul Wagener, and WaxWorks (1924) the direction of Paul Leni.

Horror films production Germany is brought to America a few years later and highly influential form of conventional horror films Hollywood in the next decade (Amy, 2012).

From those described above, it is well known that the presence of a horror story has been around since the 19th century through the story of Frankenstein and Dracula. The second story was equally terrifying display, although both have different origins. The concept of horror in the second story it is presenting a peculiar creature spooky-faced (Frankenstein) as a scary monster. Exploitation of the physical form is able to cause fear. Violence committed by Frankenstein is itself a reflection of annoyance on the creators. A similar thing happened in the story of Dracula that exploits the physical form and habit of bats that suck blood. Similarities of behaviour and physical transformation of humans into a bat, and instead made the initial capital to terrorize the reader (audience). The initial capital is then manifested in the storyline that is woven in such a way so that it is able to produce an atmosphere of horror. Nevertheless, from time travel, what's scary for audiences in 50 years ago or 10 years ago is not the same. It was due to the change of the concept of horror itself which appeared simultaneously with the various types of movies or horror stories (yoesoef, 2003, p. 108-109).

The initial concept of this horror story, as it has been expressed above, sourced in the Gothic tradition the United Kingdom literature has its roots in the 18th century. Frankenstein showed on human obsession to find new things in the field of science and on the myth of Dracula is Dracula Prince of Scandinavia. The concept is presented in a second horror story was related to the presence of "monsters" who threaten the safety of the community. Interwoven stories designed to have participated in the cause of the horror and fear. It is increasingly rampant when visually, "monsters" that appears before the audience (yoesoef, 2003, p. 109).

Massive changes in the concept of horror happen when stories lifted from horror novel into visual form (movie) as entertainment. This led to a centralized media narrative the unfolding horror concept exploration in visual form, although at first horror films made without a sound gives experience in "direct" in the physical form and witnessed a variety of spooky action

others. The visual aspect (and the audio) in the horror film put a horror film as a new genre in the film in America, especially in Hollywood. The success earned by the silent horror film Nosferatu (1930) made in Germany opens the eyes of Hollywood to produce Dracula (1930), and then Frankenstein (made with sound). Since then came the various versions of the second production as either a sequel or a movie that stands on its own, both of these horror stories can be classified into the horror classic that inspired the subsequent horror films. It is proven through the emergence of a number of sequels, Frankenstein, as The Bride Of Frankenstein, as well as the sequel to Dracula, like Dracula's Daughter (yoesoef, 2003, p. 109). In the era of silent film is actor Lon Chaney who helped raise the popularity of horror movies on the American audience. Chaney who has the nickname "man with a thousand faces" was recorded as the first American horror movie star. Chaney since the Decade of 1910-20s has starred in several series of horror film director shared, Tod Browning horror specialist. One that is very popular is the Phantom of the Opera (1925) in which Chaney plays the role of "ghost" spookyfaced opera. Along with Browning, Chaney also starred in Hollywood's first film, London After Midnight (1927). On this silent era, the classic story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1920) has also been produced and starring John Barrymore. After he move to Hollywood, Paul Leni directed the movie "haunted house" first, The Cat and the Canary (1927) (Amy, 2012).

Enter the era of the 30s, Hollywood enters a new phase of development of a horror movie.

Universal Studios for two decades into the future great success along the popular horror icons such as Dracula, Frankenstein's monster, the Mummy, the werewolf with the star, Bela Lugosi and Boris Karloff. Lugosi, a Hungarian actor, became an icon of vampires after success through Dracula (1931) the direction of Browning. This success brought Lugosi starred in several films, such as Mark of the Vampire (1935). While Karloff became an icon of the character Dr Frankenstein's creation of monsters and mummies. Karloff initiates successfully with the classical story, Frankenstein (1931), which was followed two sequels The Bride of Frankenstein (1935) and Son of Frankenstein (1939). Karloff appeared convincing as the undead in The Mummy (1932). Universal success also with other popular horror characters such as The Invisible Man (1931), The Werewolf of London (1935), as well as The Wolf Man (1941) (Amy, 2012).

The sensational success of horror movies that motivate Universal producing some films that feature these monsters in a single film, such as Frankenstein Meets the Wolfman (1943), House of Frankenstein (1944), House of Dracula (1945) until the horror comedy Abbott and Castello Meets Frankenstein (1948). Other horror films that stand out in this era are the Freaks

(1932), the Old Dark House (1932), and then the first zombie film are The White Zombie (1932), and The Black Cat (1934), starring Lugosi and Karloff. While producer Val Lewton RKO, the studio producing the series of horror films with a different approach with Universal, as The Cat People (1942). This movie could be the first horror film is in no way shows the figure of the beast. This success brought Lewton produces some similar psychological horroramong other things, The Seventh Victim (1943), The Curse of The Cat People (1943), Isle of the Dead (1945), Bedlamb (1945) as well as Body Snacther (1945) (Amy, 2012).

The concept of horror based on old stories or myths began to be abandoned with the advent of the horror films the execution of serial murder (serial killers), and terror of the disease, particularly in the year 1950 's. The two themes are basically capable of inflicting fear spectators. In its development then the horror dishes switched to cultivation of psychological problems (yoesoef, 2003, p. 109-110). The horror genre is evolving in an era of increasingly complex 60-70s coincided with the termination of censorship in America during this decade.

Unlike conventional horror films in the 30s, the horror genre blossomed the more realistic by taking the real background. The thriller aster Alfred Hitchcock, produced the influential horrorthriller Psycho (1960) tells the story of a psychopathic killer in the Bates Motel. The film was considered by many observers as far a leap that changed the horror genre after that, Hitchcock went on with horror-catastrophe, The Birds (1963), which revolves around an invasion of wild birds in a city. Film director Roman Polanski, Poland produced a successful horror film, Rosemary's Baby (1968) about a young mother who conceived the child of Satan. And at the end of the Decade, the specialist of horror film, George Romero made zombie film with debut leading his phenomenal, Nigth of the Living Dead (1969), produced with a low budget. It was this film that later influenced film-zombie-themed horror film next to the present day (Amy, 2012).

Finished with the themes of the world of death and disease, the concept of horror movie moves to the themes of the coming alien from outer space. Extraterrestrials are seen as terror that threatens human life and the world. The phenomenon of mastery of the universe by the power of space gives rise to fear and contempt for humanity. Themed films that extraterrestrials this conjures up the kind of "horror" other thriller (movie thrills) (yoesoef, 2003, p. 110). Since the development of the Hollywood horror 50-an era of little changed with the emergence of the issue of nuclear war and the cold war between the United States and the Soviets. Shades of fiction feel so thick with monsters of scientific test results, plenty of chemicals, radioactive leakage, to the alien invasion. Horror movies also have been using increasingly sophisticated

visual effects. As for horror films alien invasion that is popular among other things, The Thing From Another World (1951) and Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956). Horror movies mutant scientific trial results and radioactive accidents, like The Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954), Them! (1954), and The Fly (1958). At the end of the decade the King "B-Movies", Roger Corman, a producer of horror films series low for teen consumption and drive-in theatre such as I Was A Teenage Werewolf (1957), Attack of the Crab Monsters (1957), as well as The Blob (1958). Corman is still producing films similar to a decade ahead (Amy, 2012).

The search for new forms of story/horror movie basically considers about what things are capable of inflicting fear on society at a particular period of time. In 1970-80s surfaced a number of horror films that manage the world of death that terrorize the community, among others, as seen in the film zombies and a number of other movies that evokes monsters from the world of death. In movies like this, we are treated to spooky faces or the rise of the spirits in the human world (yoesoef, 2003, p. 110).

Horror movies that Hollywood generally patterned developed a social order which disturbed by monsters that usually (not always) is not a human being. These monsters then usually do the action of killing or other violence. He threatens the society by way of killing people through ways that are unusual and tend to involve the power that is supernatural or unexplained/understandable as the monster characters. Usually, at the end of the story, by science or by first studying the modus of the character (the protagonist) can defeat the monsters, he could have faced and then killed. Because of these monsters come from the world of the supernatural, is not possible these monsters will return via the next sequel. An example of this is the Species or The Omen. Other forms of influential in the horror film is a combination of horror and science fiction. This era was marked by the emergence of back horror films such as Dracula, Frankenstein and Doctor Jekyll and Mister Hide (yoesoef, 2003, p. 110).

After the golden era several decades ago, a period of 70-80s this can also be said to be the era of the triumphant return the horror genre. The horror evolved further with the advent of the rating system gives full freedom for the filmmakers to create. Horror films are increasingly bold indulgence scene action violence and sex that is more vulgar. Recorded also a supernatural horror film were very successful in this decade. Phenomenal success has accomplished The Exorcist (1973) by William Friedkin's direction. A controversial film that revolves around a young girl who was possessed by Satan. At the time the film became the highest grossing film of all time and is regarded as the best horror film. The successful film was followed some

supernatural themed film of its kind which was also popular, such as The Omen (1976) and The Amityville Horror (1979). At the end of the Decade, the prominent film director Stanley Kubrick also produced influential sex-themed horror film, namely the Shining (1980) which is an adaptation of a novel by Stephen King (Amy, 2012).

Some influential teen horror film was also produced in the era of the 70-80s. Generally, the antagonist is a psychopath or people who experience psychiatric disorders. The mid-decade recorded two successful films of this type, i.e. it's Alive (1974) and The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1974). The phenomenal success of John Carpenter also achieved through Hallowen (1978) which for the first time introduced the character of Michael Myers. Brian De Palma joined his horror three films jostle through, namely Sisters (1973), Carrie (1976), and Dressed to Kill (1980). Horror specialist Wes Craven began his career with the Last House on the Left (1972) and The Hills Have Eyes (1977). Talented young filmmakers, Steven Spielberg debuted with a horror-thriller, Duel (1972) as well as a great success with a film-themed killer shark, Jaws (1974). Another talented young film Ridley Scott directs the early series of the popular horror-triller, Alien (1979). Worthy of note also the odd film, The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975) was able to attract the thrill through a mix of various genres at once i.e., horror, comedy, musical, romance, as well as scientific-fiction (Amy, 2012).

Then In the era of the new millennium, the horror genre is not experiencing the development of meaning. The trend is still following the previous decade, i.e. fever sequels, the dominance of the visual effects, and bolder showing scenes of sadistic explicitly. In many cases, the limitations of the horror genre and also increasingly thin. Conventional horror character apparently is still a favorite, Mummy, Vampire, werewolf, zombie variations, such as Underworld (2000), The Mummy Returns (2001), Blade II (2002), Resident Evil (2002), 28 Days Later (2002), Van Helsing (2004), Dawn of the Dead (2004), up to I Am Legend (2007).

Several prequels, sequels, and a remake of the popular series is still produced as well, The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003), Freddie vs. Jason (2003), Exorcist: The Beginning (2004), The Amityville Horror (2005), The Fog (2005), as well as The Omen (2006). Other horror films that are quite unique among others, Final Destination (2000) and two sequels, as well as supernatural horror, 13 Ghosts (2000) and The Others (2001), (Amy, 2012).

Some new touches to colouring the horror genre in this decade. Japan horror supernatural characters that have a distinctive experience through time via a remake The Ring (2002), The Grudge (2004), as well as Dark Water (2005). The first two films even had made a sequel.

Horror also entered into further stages through horror movies violent action with sadistictorture explicitly, as it looked in Fear Dot Com (2002), Saw (2004), Hostel (2005), as well as The Devils Rejects (2005) and maybe now the cabin in the Wood (2012). The success of the Saw even trigger the production of a sequel to several series (Amy, 2012).

B. The Difference Between Indonesian and American Horror film 1. Difference from the appearance of a ghost figure When viewed from the side of a ghost who is shown in a foreign film, it appears to be more and more varied than ghost films in Indonesia. Depending on the point of view of the audience, in my opinion, it can be seen in the average Indonesian ghost movie "the ghost is dressed in white and longhaired.Unlike ghosts in more fariative foreign films such as Dracula, the money of a monk is frightening to clowns who like to scare children child.

Different again with the ghost. Whether conscious or not, the average ghosts out there are unique-unique, for example Valak who is a nun, a Dracula who is a handsome human bloodsucking person, or even a clown who likes to scare children. Very different from the Indo horror film, which on average is Mr. P, Ms. Kunti, Tuyul, etc., who have minimal capital. Just remember, on average, just use white clothes or shroud, you can already fool people. Moreover, Indonesians are very close to the figures above. Therefore, every time you watch, it is always ringing in your head.

2. Difference From The Acting Actor in The Film When viewed from the deepening role between Indonesian and American horror films, surely Indonesia is one level below America. because from the side of the story and the shooting is very visible which is better. For example, in a film that is very well known in Indonesia, "Devotees of Satan" and the film "The Conjuring" look very little difference because the more advanced Indonesian film the better the appreciation of the characters in the acting.

This assessment also depends on the connoisseurs of the film itself. An example like myself if asked about the most frightening local ghosts or import ghosts, of course I would

immediately give an opinion that local ghosts are more frightening. Because imported ghosts are impossible to reveal themselves in our country. Different from local ghosts, each of us is afraid of hallucinations that are shaped like a woman in a shabby white shirt or a legendary ghost, mister Pocong.

How the acting is good or bad depends on the viewer's point of view. Therefore, it is very difficult to judge the good or bad of the actor because we are the ones who see and judge. Not the actor who judged himself, because according to the point of view of the player he had done the best he had done. As Dan Broun said from American writers, "I often write a scenario from three different points of view to find out which side is the most tense and what way I am able to hide the information I want to hide. And in the end, that's what is told about writing anxiety."

3. Different Themes of Indonesian and Hollywod Horror Films A. Indonesian horror movie theme In Indonesia, the theme of horror films is often lifted from folklore that develops in the community, such as fine spirit revenge or black Magic. Usually associated with popular ghost figures such as pocong, kuntilanak, and sundel bolong.

The horror film theme in the era of Indonesian horror queen "Suzana" in 1980-1990 was very simple but full of tension and comedy but much in demand by horror film lovers as well as kuntilanak films in the 2001 era also raised the magical side where a song is Lingsir wengi can call kuntilanak and can order it if you sing the song. along with the development of the time the theme of Indonesian horror films today has a title title that is weird, so sometimes it is not fear, even want to laugh if you hear the title just like the movie Kuntilanak Kesurupan, Pocong is also bencong, and Satan Budeg.

But in the theme of Indonesian horror films there are often moral messages that are characteristic of Indonesian horror films and there are always saviors like kyai in between films.

Indonesian horror film also has a theme that is widely used in Indonesian horror films is horror of demonic because Indonesian films always tell about the power of the devil itself for example in the film skull hido, revenge nyi roro kidul, jelangkung, and kuntilanak.

B. Horror film hollywood

Usually the theme of Hollywood horror films is not always mystical things like psychopaths or killers who present a lot of Hollywood film blood usually suppress it on real events in society.

In a review of an American film critic Charles Derry there are 3 subgenres of horror: 1) Horror of personality It is a type of horror that does not characterize mystical characters as a source of horror.

In this type of horror object is no longer a monster, but in the form of an ordinary human who looks normal and usually only at the end of the story comes the horrible character of the character. Typically these types of films put pressure on the psychological themes of feud and sex. The examples of film in this genre are Hannibal and Saw 2) Horror of the armageddon This film memtik story or mythology or biblical about doomsday. However, in this archetypal film taken from the development route of science fiction fiction films in the 1950s.

Examples of this in film genre are zombie movies, 28 weeks later, and dawn of the dead.

3) Horror of demonic Is a film that offers a bad world theme because of the power of the devil that has succeeded in controlling the world and always threatens the life of humanity. Satan's power or evil can only be spiritual appearances.

For example in the film The Sinister (2012) 4. The Differences on Plot of Indonesian and Hollywod Horror Films Hollywood horror films rely on real-life stories. The example : 1. Annabelle dolls are told from cursed dolls 2. The Conjuring comes from the story of a famous exorcist in the 1950s, where Ed and Lorraine Warren became paranormal and found scary problems.

The actor who comes to the ghost. The characters are brave, for example in suspicious moments, in a dark place, or again to hear a certain voice, surely they will be brave enough to come out.

Indonesian horror films seem fictional, but the story is so frightening that it shadows until now. Example : 1. Horror movies starring Suzanna 2. Horror movies in the 2000s such as Jelangkung & Sister Ngesot The ghosts who come to the cast. Despite their fears, they were still confronted with creepy appearances.

C. The Technique of Taking Pictures One of the most important factors in the making of horror movies is the technique of taking pictures. There are many techniques for taking pictures that must be mastered by cameramen in the movie making. The following are techniques that must be mastered by a cameraman. a. Bird Eye View Bird Eye View is an image capture technique that is carried out with the height of the camera above the object (the camera is higher than the object) so that the results will look wider. b. High angel High Angel is an image-taking technique that is carried out with the taking angle above the object so that the object will look smaller. c. Low Angel Low Angel is an image taking technique that takes the angle from the bottom so that the object will look bigger. This Low Angel technique will give the impression of authority, strength and dominance. d. Eye Level Eye Level is an image-taking technique that is carried out with the angle of taking the image parallel to the object so that the result will look like someone's eye catch. e. Frog Eye

Frog Eye is a shooting technique that is carried out with the angle of take parallel to the object's base or lower so that the result will look like a catch of the viewer's eyes that represent the frog's eyes Most of the techniques that used in shooting horror movies are using the Eye Level technique. This technique can make viewers as if they saw the picture directly. This technique can have a more sinister effect. The other things that will be the important things in the movie shooting process is how cameramen move their cameras. There are several ways to do it. Like: 1. Zoom (In / Out) Zoom In or Zoom out is the camera movement that is done to approach or move away from objects by using the zooming button on the camera. But my advice is to reduce the use of zoom in and zoom out. Because the use of excessive zoom is not good, guys. To reduce the use of zoom we can walk closer to objects or walk away from objects.

2. Panning Panning is the movement of the camera to the left and right from the top of the trippod.

3. Tilting Tillting is the movement of the camera up and down.

4. Dolly Dolly is the movement of the camera forward and backward.

5. Follow Follow is the camera movement that follows the object's motion.

6. Crane Shot Crane Shot is a camera movement mounted on a crane wheel.

7. Fading Fading is the movement of the camera when the image changes slowly.

8. Framing 9. Framing is an object in a framing shot. That is, the object is in a frame.

The Dramatic Shooting Techniques is more concerned with shooting angle, size, object, lighting, property, and environment.

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Backlight Shot, which is a shooting technique with lighting from behind.

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Reflection Shot, which is a shooting technique that is done by reflecting the object's shadow. So it's not directly to the object.

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Door Frame Shot, which is a shooting technique performed outside the door if the scene is indoors.

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Artificial Framing Shot, which is a shooting technique that is done as if the camera is hiding. For example, a plant is placed in front of the camera so that the result of the object is taken from behind the plant.

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Jaws Shot, is the image capture technique that taken as if the object was surprised to see the camera.

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Framing with Background, which is a shooting technique that raises the background but the object remains focused in front.

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The Secret of Foreground Framing Shot, which is a shooting technique whose object is in front of the background.

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Tripod Transition, which is the technique of taking pictures with the camera position on a tripod and multiplying from one object to another object quickly.

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Fast Road Effect, which is a shooting technique that is carried out in a speeding car.

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Walking Shot, which is an image-taking technique that is performed when an object is running.

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Over Shoulder, which is a shooting technique from behind an object.

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Shot Profile, which is a shooting technique taken from the side when the scene of two people who are having a conversation.

In the terms of shooting techniques between Indonesian and foreign horror movies is not too different. But if we look in the terms of lighting, the foreign horror movies are better than Indonesian horror movies.

Horror movies are made with a variety of techniques from the way the camera moves, the sound that comes up, how to edit, and coupled with a good understanding of people's psychology. Without understanding psychology, it will be very difficult to make the driver feel a scary and fearful atmosphere. Well, the following is a trick in making a horror film that always manages to manipulate the views of the audience until they are finally scared. In fact, it is not uncommon to jump from a chair while screaming hysterically. 

Classic Tricks The most classic thing and there is often a dark horror movie in an old house, there is

no telephone connection, spirits who want revenge, monsters or ghosts standing behind someone who is reading, and the last is there is only one who can survive.

That has become a mainstay for creating a scary effect. Even though it's been used often, the audience is just afraid 

Negative Space Usually there is always negative space. This is a trick of taking pictures where there is something in the frame but it is not the focus of the audience. Usually it's a wall, a background that is not focused, or a part of the room that is deliberately made dark.

This negative space often makes the audience feel uncomfortable and worry about something in the dark. In addition, this effect can make the audience curious about what will happen next.



Extreme Close-Ups Just like the use of negative space, horror film makers also often use close ups to add to the fear they feel. With this technique, the audience will feel excited because they don't know what's around the characters in the film.



Irregular movements This movement can be carried out by cameramen or subjects whose images are taken.

Usually the camera moves in a strange position. Examples of using this trick can be seen in the films "The Blair Witch Project" and "Cloverfield". This also gives a scary effect to the audience.



Underexposure Exposure to the camera determines the lighting in the resulting image. With underexposure and reduced brightness, mysterious and scary effects will automatically appear. The longer it might even get stronger

Conclusion The history of Indonesian and American horror film through long road to make a horror genre film. in Indonesia the first horrorror The conclusion of this paper are there are some difference of Indonesian horror film and American horror film such as : The viewer from the side of a ghost who is shown in a foreign film, it appears to be more and more varied than ghost films in Indonesia.

In Indonesia, the theme of horror films is often lifted from folklore that develops in the community, such as fine spirit revenge or black Magic, different with Hollywood Usually the theme of Hollywood horror films is not always mystical things like psychopaths or killers who present a lot of Hollywood film blood usually suppress it on real events in society.

َّ َ‫َو َل َق ْد َك َّر ْمنَا بَنِي آد َ​َم َو َح َم ْلنَا ُه ْم فِي ْالبَ ِر َو ْالبَحْ ِر َو َرزَ ْقنَاهُم ِمن‬ ‫ير ِم َّم ْن َخلَ ْقنَا‬ ِ ‫الط ِيبَا‬ ٍ ‫ت َوفَض َّْلنَا ُه ْم َعلَى َك ِث‬ ‫ت َ ْفض‬

( Q.s Al – Isra : 70 ).

And verily We have glorified the sons of Adam, We have carried them on the land and in the sea, We have given them sustenance from the good and We have exalted them with perfect advantages over the many creatures We have created. "(Al-Israa ' : 70) The point is unreasonable fear, such as passing a dark road, passing a grave or a haunted tree on the grounds that there are genies or demons that will disturb or scare. This is not true, because the original genie is afraid of humans. it's just because humans are weak in their faith and afraid so they become brave to humans. if contemplated, by reading prayers and dhikr that are in accordance with the Shari'a, then it is enough to make the jinn or demon run away and not disturb humans with permission from Allah. Even a human being has strong faith and has knowledge and keeps the boundaries of God, the devil will stay away from him.

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Maharani, Shintya. 2018. Sejarah Film Horor Indonesia: Dari Hindia Belanda Hingga Zaman Millennial. access date 11 October 2018 from : https://www.popbela.com/career/working-life/shintya-maharani/sejarah-film-hororindonesia/full Masda, Azhura. “Perbandingan Film Hantu Indonesia dengan Buatan Amerika� access date 14 October 2018 from : http://menulis-makalah.blogspot.com/2015/06/cara-menulisfootnote-catatan-kaki-yang.htm., Rusdiati, S. (2009). Film Horor Indonesia: Dinamika Genre. 11. access date 14 Oktober 2018 from : http://staff.ui.ac.id/system/files/users/suriella/publication/filmhororindonesia.pdf Yoesoef, M. (2003). Film Horor Sebuah Definisi Yang Berubah. 105-115. access date 14 October 2018 from :http://www.academia.edu/29631246/M._Yoesoef__Film_Horor_Sebuah_Definisi_yang_Berubah.pdf access date 14 October 2018 from : http://www.academia.edu/263181264/Jack_shekeper-Ajournal-History-of-Movie,pdf.