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SAFER DRIVING
DECEMBER 2023 £10
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INTRODUCTION Ensuring drivers are professional, competent and fully compliant with operating regulations while behind the wheel is a high priority for all safetyconscious operators: not only to keep employees and other road users safe on the roads, but also to protect their business’s reputation and O-licence.
It also explores decisions made regarding fitting HGVs with essential driver safety aids and technology, as well as looking at operator views about adopting driver well-being policies.
CONTENTS
3 Respondents: a breakdown of the
respondents taking part in the survey.
4-5 Training types/methods: do operators
favour traditional classroom and on-the-road training, or are they moving towards online and VR options?
6 Driver CPC: due for an overhaul by
government – are operators in favour of change?
Editor Hayley Tayler Group production manager Isabel Burton Production editor Clare Goldie Divisional director Vic Bunby Sales executive David Dennison Managing director Andy Salter
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This report, sponsored by CameraMatics, Fastview360 and Totalkare, looks at some of the training methods and topics operators favour when it comes to boosting driver safety.
7 Transaid: working hard to enhance road safety across sub-Saharan Africa.
8-9 Safety equipment: operators are polled
on their top choices when it comes to additional safety kit for their trucks.
10-12 Urban: navigating the challenge of busy towns and cities.
11 Case study: CameraMatics. 13 Case study: Fastview360. 14-15 Well-being: how do operators support driver mental well-being?
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RESPONDENTS This report is based on a survey of Commercial Motor and Motor Transport readers*, where more than two thirds (68%) of respondents are involved in purchasing decisions; 34% having direct purchasing responsibility and 34% having purchasing influence. Company owners, board directors or chief executives comprise 27% of respondents, while a further 22% are at senior management level and 21% at middle management level. Ownerdrivers represent 8% of respondents. The average fleet size for respondents in this survey is 295 vehicles; just over one-third (36%) operate one to 10 HGVs, and 12% of the largest companies surveyed run 501-plus trucks. The average annual turnover of those surveyed is £78m, while just over one-fifth (22%) of Decision-making responsibility for purchasing products and services Purchasing responsibility
34%
Purchasing influence
34% 32%
Neither 0%
Involved in decisionmaking 68%
10%
20%
30%
40%
Fleet and logistics operations
5%
9%
Public sector
Other
8% Municipal/ waste
41% Third-party logistics
37% Ownaccount
those surveyed have a turnover of £2m or less and at the top of the scale, 16% of respondents reported a turnover of more than £101m. When it comes to type of operation, 41% of respondents describe themselves as thirdparty logistics operators, while 37% are ownaccount operators, 9% describe themselves as ‘other’ – including construction, heavy haulage, consultancies, recovery and rental fleets – with 8% municipal and waste and 5% public sector. *A total of 384 respondents took part in this survey (individual question response levels may vary).
THE AVERAGE ANNUAL TURNOVER IS £78M 22% OF RESPONDENTS HAVE A TURNOVER OF £2M OR LESS AND 16% REPORTED A TURNOVER OF MORE THAN £101M Supported by
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TRAINING Investing in the time and resources to provide drivers with professional training is not only necessary to keep their Driver CPC up to date, but can also equip employees with the skills and knowledge they need to do their job safely.
Just under half (46%) said they provide in-house training to employees, with just over onequarter (26%) opting to wholly outsource to a third-party training firm. A further 22% prefer a hybrid approach. Type of training Classroom-based learning is the most popular form of delivering training to drivers for our respondents, with two-thirds of operators favouring this approach.
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This survey asked CM and MT readers their strategies regarding delivering driver training.
However, on-the-road driving with either an experienced driver mentor or a qualified instructor is also used by approximately half of operators.
Winning formula Motor Transport Training Award winner 2023 Explore Plant and Transport has adopted a progressive training approach towards ensuring its drivers are equipped with the specialist knowledge they need to do the job safely.
each driver is given a personalised training programme, which includes working alongside an experienced mentor, topical driver information resources, bulletins and forums, and access to a dedicated loading/unloading specialist.
Following a five-day induction for all new starters,
Drivers work through bronze, silver and gold stages to upskill on the job. Operational driver training manager Aaron Head says: “We start to build a picture of that individual from their interview, which progresses into their induction and eventually to an individual learning plan. We learn what that driver needs and their personality so we can match them with a mentor to ensure we get the best out of them and give them the best opportunity to progress and learn.”
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Is driver safety training undertaken in-house or via a third-party?
6% Don’t know
22% Equal mix of both
46% In-house
26% Third-party
Online and app-based training is used by about a third (34%) of respondents, with virtual reality (VR) also coming into the mix for 7% of companies. Driver manuals, leaflets and posters are also mentioned by several respondents, as were the use of short, snappy ‘toolbox talks’ on key topics either face-to-face or online. Topics The survey found a range of driver safety training topics undertaken by operators, but the top three are relevant for all companies, regardless of the type of work carried out. Roadworthiness training tops the leader board in the survey, with 80% of operators training their drivers on the skills they need to check their vehicles before use. This is closely followed by drivers’ hours/tachograph training in second place and safe loading/load security in third place. Ensuring drivers understand how to record incidents and near-misses is also a key priority
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EyeGym Kitchen and joinery products supplier Howdens has been trialling an innovative driver training tool – EyeGym – to improve driver performance and safety. EyeGym is a software package that provides visual, brain and decision-making training designed to improve concentration, response times, co-ordination, peripheral awareness, scanning and judgement, among others. Each training session produces a score of how well the trainee performed. Developed by South African sports scientist Dr Sherylle Calder, EyeGym treats the eyes and brain like any other muscle that will deteriorate and decline in performance without regular correct exercise – also as people age. Decision-making under pressure is also trained within the system. “EyeGym trains the eyes and body to see and experience more,” Calder says. “Drivers need to be more aware of what is happening around them. All drivers deal with a degree of visual and cognitive load and fatigue, which affects perception and ability to make a quick decision and respond.”
for just under two-thirds of respondents (62%), while more than half provide safe urban driving training. Operators also list a range of subjects relevant to their operations, including hazardous goods, roll-over prevention, bridge strikes, working at height, manual handling, well-being and fatigue, first responder medical training, and more.
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DRIVER CPC The EU-developed Driver CPC came into force for UK drivers in 2009 to improve HGV road safety and raise the professional status of qualified drivers. New drivers must pass an initial Driver CPC set of theory and practical tests to obtain a Driver Qualification Card, which lasts five years. Existing HGV drivers must undertake 35 hours of approved periodic training every five years to retain their Driver CPC status. This survey found that nearly two-thirds (61%) of respondents feel that Driver CPC does boost driver safety – one-in-five find it very beneficial and 42% find it slightly beneficial – whereas, at the other end of the spectrum, 17% fail to see any safety gain from the qualification. Since leaving the EU, the UK government has been keen to shake up the process and earlier this year consulted on the best way to approach this. It received 1,190 questionnaire responses, as well 16 position papers from industry stakeholders. The DfT says whilst there was Does Driver CPC boost driver safety?
5% Don’t know
17%
19%
Yes – very beneficial
No – not at all beneficial
17%
No – not particularly beneficial
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42%
Yes – slightly beneficial
a range of views, the principle of reform was strongly supported. Having considered the views, the government has decided Driver CPC will benefit from reforms to increase flexibility when renewing and regaining the qualification. To do this, it plans to: Q reform training by reducing the minimum course length from 7 hours down to 3.5 hours; Q decouple e-learning from trainer-led courses; Q develop, alongside the DVSA, more core course content and encourage informal assessment at the end of modules; Q introduce a 7-hour ‘return pathway’ for drivers whose CPC status has lapsed from Spring 2025 (the remaining 28 hours to be completed within 12 months). It also plans to consult further on the proposal to introduce a new periodic test as an alternative to 35 hours of training for drivers looking to renew their DCPC (this would also be available for drivers looking to return to the sector). The changes are expected to be introduced in summer 2024 and will apply to those drivers operating in the UK only, with Northern Ireland expected to follow the DfT’s new format. The existing International Driver CPC will continue to be used for travel into the EU.
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TRANSAID Charity Transaid has dedicated 25 years to boosting road safety across more than 20 countries, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa. In sub-Saharan Africa, road deaths are the third biggest killer following HIV/AIDS and malaria, with the problem increasing with the growing population. Drivers are at risk every time they sit behind the wheel because of a lack of legal enforcement and training, as well as badly maintained and overloaded vehicles. Ambition Transaid, which is widely supported by the UK transport and logistics sector, aims to transform driver training to ensure drivers are more competent, their vehicles are safer, and to reduce death and injuries on the road. It also plans to improve standards and systems to increase efficiencies and improve the management and maintenance of fleets. Transaid’s latest published figures (April 2022-March 2023) show the charity has trained 6,786 drivers and 51 trainers – up 30% year on year. Support UK operators have backed Transaid, through fundraising events
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such as annual cycle challenges, and providing expertise and staff to support the charity’s aims. In the past year, well-known industry suppliers have lent a hand, including: tyre firm Michelin providing two expert training instructors to support projects in Ghana and Zambia; Fagan & Whalley, which sent an HGV from its fleet to Zambia for training purposes; Brigade Electronics, which brought its safety technology expertise into the mix; and Clipper Logistics’ (now part of GXO) head of driver training Jon Aspden (pictured below) completing his fourth overseas secondment to help the cause. To find out how to support Transaid, go to transaid.org.
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SAFETY EQUIPMENT Driver safety is at the core of modern HGV design, with manufacturers continuously improving technology and design to enhance the protection and comfort of those behind the wheel. The General Safety Regulation (GSR), adopted in 2019 with an aim to reduce the number of people killed or seriously injured in vehicle collisions, plays a key part in HGV safety. Due for an update in July 2024, GSR will then require all new HGVs built in the EU to be factory-fitted with a range of active safety technology, including blind spot detection devices, alcohol testing installation capability, tyre-pressure monitoring, driver distraction and fatigue monitoring and more. But for operators running existing fleets, or those looking to go above and beyond GSR, there is a range of supplemental equipment and technology that operators can choose to equip fleets with to boost road safety.
For our survey respondents, external camera systems top the list, with four out of five fleets fitting this technology to their HGVs, followed by two-thirds opting for vehicle telematics as a safety tool. Other safety tools mentioned include vehicle sensors, emergency braking/stop systems, safety lighting, anti-theft and load security devices, closeproximity mirrors, internal-facing driver cams, audible warnings for other road users, digital tyrepressure monitoring, fall arrest systems, on-board weighing devices and additional direct vision panels (such as those pictured above from Truck Door Windows).
What benefits have you seen from using driver safety (select all that apply) technology on your fleet? Better protection for drivers in the event of an incident
60%
Better reporting of collisions and near misses
56%
Reduction in collisions and near misses
54%
Fewer employee injuries
37%
Flags up training needs
36% 34%
Reduction in false claims Reduced insurance premiums Other
29% 3% 11%
No benefits found 0%
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10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
The majority of respondents (89%) reported a range of benefits, from investing in additional safety equipment for fleets, with driver protection, enhanced reporting, reduced insurance premiums and the ability to spot training requirements among those mentioned (see chart, left).
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National Highways has been running a campaign doing just this. It created a crossplatform media video highlighting blind spots around an HGV, with the advice to ‘know the zones’, ‘pass quickly and safely’ and ‘where possible, don’t linger next to an HGV’. The addition of a mandatory built-in alcohol/drugs tester is mentioned by several respondents, as is the need for more technology to detect driver alertness and fatigue. Respondents are keen to see better real-time digital signage and routeing on main roads and motorways, and enhanced technology to help drivers avoid overhanging obstacles, buildings and bridges. Safer load security and technology to keep drivers safe at laybys and rest stops is also a recurrent theme, as is a desire for innovation to prevent employee injuries from working at height. Tailgating alert devices, increased use of AI in existing technology such as cameras and telematics, enhanced reversing alerts and more use of vehicle simulators/VR for training purposes is also on the wish list. Eye on the road External cameras scoop the top spot in our survey when it comes to additional safety equipment fitted by operators. Respondents were asked their views on the latest-generation of AI-enhanced cameras and the features they would like to see.
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Detection of objects and people around all sides of the truck and trailer are top priorities for operators, with the ability to do so while reversing the most important. It is also clear that operators are keen to see technology advance when it comes to driverfacing cameras picking up behaviour, such as falling asleep or smoking. In addition, the use of AI cameras to predict when vehicles are driven dangerously, such as too close to the vehicle in front or changing lanes without indicating, are popular with respondents. Damion Davis, MD at Fastview360, says: “We are proud to be a leading supplier of the latest road safety technology. By using AI solutions, drivers can eliminate blind spots around their vehicles. “The technology uses standard triggers such as indicators, reverse and moving from stationary to highlight the relevant blind spots on the monitor. The monitor is supported by a VRU display to give a rapid indication of hazards and their location in relation to the vehicle. “We work closely with drivers when developing our systems to ensure the best outcome for drivers, fleet office and other road users.”
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Wish list The survey asked operators their thoughts on safety concepts they would like to see further developed in industry. One key theme from many respondents is for better education for other road users, such as car drivers and cyclists, when in the vicinity of a lorry.
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URBAN 1 Urban driving Operating trucks in busy urban areas can be a stressful and challenging job. Traffic jams, complex road layouts and awkward loading/ unloading locations are just some of the daily issues faced by HGV drivers.
Such training often includes an element of exchanging places, which enables drivers to experience the road from a cyclist’s perspective, as well as providing advice on defensive driving techniques, hazard recognition and using vehicle safety equipment.
But perhaps the most challenging and critical part of the job to get right is safely sharing limited road space with vulnerable road users (VRUs).
Operators whose fleets operate regularly in an urban environment are likely to kit their vehicles out with VRU safety devices, such as blind spot stickers, additional nearside cab windows, audio and visual detection/warning systems and physical aids to prevent cyclists and pedestrians from being injured by HGVs (such as the enhanced Dawes Highway Safety PeoplePanel, pictured left).
With national and local government initiatives encouraging people to ditch their cars and travel in a more sustainable way, cyclists and pedestrians will become more numerous. It is therefore essential for operators to ensure drivers have the right training, knowledge and equipment to keep themselves and other road users safe. More than half of the respondents we surveyed (58%) provide safe urban driving training for drivers, which shows a strong understanding from employers about the specialist nature of city deliveries.
City rules Cities across the UK are increasingly looking to adopt a ‘vision zero’ approach to eliminate fatalities and serious injuries on roads, with robust strategies in place or under development to improve road safety. London is leading the way when it comes to safety initiatives focusing on the needs of VRUs. TfL has introduced a number of measures focusing on encouraging safer cycling and walking as part of its wider Vision Zero strategy, such as its city-wide Cycleways network, 20mph zones and safer street designs to reduce traffic speed and improve visibility at junctions. London’s Direct Vision Standard (DVS) is the initiative with the biggest impact on HGV operators. Enforced since 2020, the scheme uses a star system from zero (lowest) to five (highest), based on how much an HGV driver can see directly through the cab windows. DVS forms part of an HGV Safety Standard Permit Scheme, which requires all HGVs ➜ 12
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CASE STUDY: CAMERAMATICS Woodland uses CameraMatics AI-powered camera and driver distraction detection solution for safe and efficient fleet operations Woodland Group has been providing innovative logistics, e-commerce and supply chain management services since 1988. Today, as one of the largest privately owned global logistics and supply chain businesses in the UK, it is consistently recognised for supply chain excellence, dedication to customer service, and its innovative approach. The group recently opened its second dedicated e-commerce facility in Doncaster to improve its offering to customers that require full pallet picking, single order, and subscription picking. The site facilitates more than 15,000 pallets and 12,000 pick locations. Woodland also expanded its modern fleet, adding 60 trucks and 92 trailers to support its UK domestic distribution services. Woodland Group partnered with CameraMatics to equip 172 vehicles with an HD machine vision AI-connected fleet camera system. The truck camera system is accessible remotely by the back office team, allowing drivers to concentrate on delivering the goods in a safe
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and secure manner while any possible dangers are being monitored. Machine Vision AI driver monitoring system The Machine Vision AI driver-facing camera monitors driver focus and provides real-time feedback. The real-time access to footage has also assisted the driver coaching the group provides to its drivers. The system monitors harsh braking and acceleration events and helps Woodland coach drivers to drive fuel-efficiently and safely. Simon Herron, operations director of Woodland Group’s fleet team, says: “Technology like CameraMatics allows us to make the job of being a driver easier for our team on the roads. Connecting the back office with the driving team enables them to concentrate on driving safely, confident in the knowledge that their and other road users’ safety is the team’s focus.” For more information, go to cameramatics.com
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URBAN 2 above 12 tonnes to hold a safety permit when entering or operating in London.
warning devices, as well as a moving-off information system fitted to the front of trucks.
HGVs rated one star and above automatically receive a permit, whereas those rated zero have to have specified technology fitted, such as cameras and sensors, to receive one. From 28 October 2024, DVS will be tightened so that all zero to two-star HGVs will be banned from London unless they have fitted a Progressive Safe System (PSS) and only trucks of three stars and above will automatically be granted a permit. Following a consultation, TfL has published the requirements of the PSS, which include more sophisticated blind spot detection systems and Will you need new equipment to comply with DVS Progressive Safe System?
6% Don’t know
31% Yes
34%
29%
No – we don’t enter London
No – our vehicles are already compliant
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The tightening of the scheme has raised concerns from industry, with Logistics UK and the RHA warning that the short lead-in time will cause issues for operators. They also want reassurance that further changes to the scheme will not be necessary once firms have invested in new kit. To give the industry enough time to obtain, fit and validate new equipment, TfL is granting a grace period for vehicles that have registered with TfL by 28 October 2024 and can demonstrate they have taken steps to arrange for a PSS to be fitted. When it comes to upgrading fleets to meet the tighter DVS rules coming into play, the survey saw quite an even split: 31% need to purchase additional kit; 29% are already compliant; and just over one-third (34%) do not enter London. Of the survey’s 58 operator respondents that do need to purchase equipment to comply with the new PSS, the majority has an understanding of what was needed, with 43% fully knowledgeable and 29% mostly understanding, with a few queries remaining. However, 28% of respondents would like more guidance about the required technology.
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CASE STUDY: FASTVIEW360
Fastview360 Progressive Safe System gets thumbs up from Sean Davis Sean Davis Transport is contemplating what TfL’s Direct Vision Standard update, the Progressive Safe System (PSS), means for the organisation. Fastview360, its current camera supplier, has developed a PSS system that can simply be added to its current system to reach PSS compliance. MD Sean Davis said: “Fastview360’s installation team arrived on site and replaced the side camera with the two new blind spot information system cameras, added a new camera to the front of the truck and added an internal display for the driver. The front camera is the moving off information system (MOIS) and the display is clear, simple and easy to use for the driver.” The system is designed to make installations as time and cost efficient as possible and with the system design, the equipment is intuitive to use.
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“The HGV has been driven in London, and we asked the driver what he thought of the PSS upgrade. His answer was positive: ‘It’s brilliant. I knew when people were around the vehicle at all times; it gave me visual and audible warnings of people in front of me and in the blind spot and when using the indicators; and it alerted people on the roadside when I was turning. It felt much safer with the PSS upgrade,’” says Davis. Sean Davis Haulage has installed the PSS update and took advantage of the Fastview360 portal giving full recording, live view and warning if the system is fully operational. Davis said: “The new PSS is better than the old DVS, with no false positives triggered by roadside objects, plus the drivers have a significantly improved information system alerting them of anyone in danger around their vehicle.”
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MENTAL WELL-BEING Driver health and well-being, both physical and mental, plays a vital role when it comes to ensuring employees are safe and competent behind the wheel. The very nature of the job – including long hours, time away from families, shift work and stressful traffic conditions – can create pressure for professional drivers and potentially lead to a range of issues such as anxiety, loneliness, and depression. The HSE, through its Working Minds campaign, warns that the scale of work-related stress is on the rise. Since 2019, the total cost of poor mental health has cost UK employers up to £56bn a year. In the transport and storage sector (which includes road haulage), it says approximately four in 10 cases of work-related ill-health are due to stress, depression or anxiety. An employer’s role RHA HR director Laura Taylor says operators can make a significant difference to an employee’s mental health with the right support in place. “Drivers spend long hours, even days, on the road. Many of them suffer with homesickness, loneliness and anxiety, which is why it can make such a difference when their place of work shows kindness with mental health support. “An employee’s mental well-being is not just a personal concern to them but a vital component of the collective success of an organisation. Organisations that take care of employee mental well-being will see improved performance, lower staff turnover, and fewer cases of sickness absence.”
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Have you got a policy in place to support drivers’ mental well-being?
17%
9% Don’t know
No – with no plans to introduce them
54% Yes
20% No – but we would like to in the future
Guidance Working Minds has launched a free interactive online tool for employers to tackle the problem (workingminds.focusgames.com). It provides the simple and effective guidance employers need to take action to meet their legal duties and begin to understand how to include stress in their workplace risk assessments. The organisation has also rolled out a specialist text support service for HGV drivers struggling with work-related stress. When safe to do so, drivers can text “BeAMate” for free confidential health support 24/7. The service is provided by campaign partner Mates in Mind, which works to improve the mental health and well-being of workplaces across the UK, providing specialist support for construction, transport and logistics industries. Talking point Another recently launched scheme sees Moto Hospitality join forces with Mind and the Scottish Association for Mental Health to
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launch a ‘cabversation’ campaign to encourage drivers to talk to each other when they take a break at its service stations. Drivers are encouraged to use the 60 talking benches installed at Moto service stations across the UK, which provide a space for drivers to start a ‘cabversation’ and share how they are feeling. Taking action Operators are already stepping up to the challenge, with positive examples across the industry of robust mental health initiatives. This survey found that more than half (54%) of respondents already have a strategy in place to support drivers’ mental well-being, and a further 20% plan to do so in the near future. O’Donovan Waste Disposal, for example, has developed its in-house Dynamo Welfare Project, which provides training on how to maintain positive mental health and well-being by teaching selfawareness techniques and the tools to manage a range of challenging emotions, including anxiety. MD Jacqueline O’Donovan says: “The Dynamo Project sends the strongest message to staff that their wellbeing is of the utmost importance. The training we have implemented helps our team better manage the challenges they experience in their daily lives, including driving in urban environments.
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“The Dynamo training gives them the tools to minimise the impact anxiety and negative feelings have on them – enabling them to respond in a positive and constructive way, which benefits everyone, including staff, clients and the business.” DHL Supply Chain offers all its employees support for their physical and mental health and well-being needs via a cloud-based online platform using recorded talks, live Q&As, classes, workshops and written advice. The Wellness Cloud provides support for health and well-being, including pregnancy, parenting, fertility, neurodiversity, mental health, sleep, menopause, bereavement, and financial issues. And Whistl has teamed up with Andysmanclub, a group where men can speak openly about their mental health in a judgement-free, nonclinical environment and learn how to support each other.
FLEET COMPLIANCE
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