Waste Water Management 1

Understanding Waste+Water Management in Landscape Design Morgan Frederick + Steven Kane_Carroll StudioV

Contents Landscape Design

Waste Management

Water Management

The world is developing every second. Everyday things are changing and growing. But for a long time, this development has been very industrial, making it more and more of a challenge for nature to perform as it once did.

The Earth is around 70% water, of that percentage only about 2.5% of it is fresh, and 1% is “easily accessible� or not in glaciers and snow fields. Because of this it is important that we understand just how important of a resource water is. Humans bodies are made up of a range from 60-78% water. We use this water in our brains, to digest, to cool us down (sweat), to loosen our joints for movemente, to grow and revitalize our cells. Water is to precious of a resource for us to not learn new ways to circulate it.

Water is energy. Energy is a substance that cannot be created or destroyed. Each substance has its own cycle, its own constant form of statte changing from our bodies, to our waste, to that water we drink, wash our dishes and flush our toilets.

Ways of cycling used water and other resources exist, and are constantly being created, we just need to find them, and share them.

The goal of this book is to inform about modes of circulating the energy of waste and water thorought the remaining 30% of the Earth’s surface that we inhabit.

WAT ER

SUNLIG HT

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CAR B O N

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OXYG E

Understanding the Site

t water as a a re

R e s o rc e u

ve Existing er

s ant Pl

Pre s

T

What is Sustainable Landscape design?

Connecting man and nature ser Con ve

es e ria

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at

Value

l Reso

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Yo u r S o il Fostering Growth

R

uce Was ed

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ce Run du

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The goal is to...

RECYCLE

E S U

RE

SO

UR

CE

S

RET AI L

GE/ASSEM STORA B L Y

G N I R

N A M

TU C A F U

Waste Management

RE

CY CL E

A key part to reaching a more holistic existence, is managing all of the waste we produce. To do this, action has to be taken from a government all the way back to the an individual level.

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OC ES S

TR AN S

CO LL E

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Steps to a Managed Environment

So, what is waste?

Waste can include; organics (food and bio-waste), paper, metals, electronics, glass, and plastics.

But...

In Sustainable Design we must consider:

NOTHING is Waste

Everything is ENERGY

Steps to a waste free environment: The community has to be willing to come together to take action against waste buildup. These flowers show means of communal waste management from least preferred (small sprout), to most preferred (full flower).

Prevention

Minimization Reuse Recycling Disposal

Energy Recovery

Steps to a waste free environment:

Low Flush Toilet

Cycling Organic waste

Much of our waste created indoors is organic, thus it can be used as energy for plants, and, through purification systems, can be removed from water we put it in, making it usable.

Exhaust System

Sewage System

-Leach Field (Water irrigation) -Water Purification System (Potable water) -Composting Toilet

Composting Chamber

Waterless Urinals

In WATER waste Management: It is possible to combine systems, managing both waste and water usage.

Drainage

Septic Tank

Pressure Tank Water Softener

Aquifer

Leach Field

Steps to a waste free environment:

Compost Piling

Cycling Organic waste

A compost pile takes used scraps, from garden scraps to kitchen scraps, and turns them into fuel for soil

Some other more public ways to manage waste would be:

Recycling -Organic composting -Specified Bins Garden Waste Dead Flowers Weeds Kitchen Waste Newspapers

Bin-e is a self organizing recycling bin startup begun by the company Polish

Water CO2 Heat

O2

Microorganisms

O2

CO

N O I T A S N E D N

ON PITATI

PRECI

WA

51%

CLO UD S

THE THREE FORMS OF WATER INCLUDE: POTABLE-WATER (CONTAINS LITTLE TO NO PATHOGENS) GRAY-WATER (CONTAINS PARTIAL PATHOGENS) BLACK-WATER (CONTAINS MOSTLY OF PATHOGENS)

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4

EVA

POR ATIO

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ATER

51% OF THE WORLD HAS ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER.

2

4 TYPES OF WATER CONTROL: RAIN

PIPED

RESAVARE

2 TYPES OF WATER ENGINEERING: HARD

VS

SOFT

RUN-OFF

PIPES

DETENTION

CATCH BASINS

HARD ENGINEERING GOALS ARE TO USE CONVENTIONAL MANAGMENT: “PIPE-ANDPOND” INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRAIN, DIRECT, AND DISPATCH.

DISCHARGE

MECHANICAL

POLLUTED RUNOFF

OUTPUT

INPUT

SOFT ENGINEERING GOALS ARE TO USE LOW IMPACT MANAGMENT: WATERSHED APPROACH TO SLOW, SPREAD, AND SOAK.

BIOLOGICAL

PHYTOSTABILIZATION

BIOCHEMCAL BREAKDOWN

ROOT STORAGE

UPTAKE

POLLUTED RUNOFF

PHYTOVOLATILIZATION PHYTOEXTRATION

PHYTODEGRADATION

TREATMENT

FILTRATION

UPLAND COMMUNITY STREAM CHANEL RIPARIAN EDGE FLOODPLAIN

INFILTRATION

INTEGRATING HARD ENGINEERING ...AND SOFT ENGINEERING TOWA

SLOW FLOW CONTROL: THE REGULATION OF STORMWATER RUNOFF FLOW RATES.

SPRE DETENSION: THE TEMPORARY STORAGE OF STORMWATER RUNOFF IN UNDERGROUND VAULTS, PONDS, OR DEPRESSED AREAS TO ALLOW FOR METERED DISCHARGE THAT REDUCE PEAK FLOW RATES.

RETENTION: THE STORAGE OF STORMWATER RUNOFF ON SITE TO ALLOW FOR SEDIMENTATION OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS.

G ARD A LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT

SOAK

EAD FILTRATION: THE SEQUESTRATION OF SEDIMENT FROM STORMWATER RUNOFF THROUGH A PORUS MEDIA SUCH AS SAND, A FIBROUS ROOT SYSTEM, OR A MAN-MADE FILTER.

INFILTRATION: THE VERTICAL MOVEMENT OF STORMWATER RUNOFF THROUGH SOIL, RECHARGING GROUNDWATER.

TREATMENT: PROCESSES THAT UTILIZE PHYTOREMEDIATION OR BACTERIAL COLONIES TO METABOLIZE CONTAMINANTS IN STORMWATER RUNOFF.

MECHANICAL

FLOW CONTROL

OVERSIZED PIPES: ARE SUBSURFACE PIPE SYSTEMS SIZED LARGER THAN REQUIRED TO REDUCE PEAK FLOW RATES.

DETENSION

UNDERGROUND DETENTION SYSTEMS: DETAIN STORMWATER RUNOFF PRIOR TO ITS ENTRANCE INTO A CONVEYANCE SYSTEM.

RETENTION RETENTION POND: IS A CONSTRUCTED STORMWATER POND THAT RETAINS A PERMANENT POOL OF WATER, WITH MINOR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT.

DRY SWALE: ARE USED TO SLOW DOWN STORMWATER RUNOFF BY A SERIES OF CHECKED DAMS. FLOW CONTROL DEVICES: ARE USED TO REDUCE PEAK DISCHARGE, ATTENUATING CONCENTRATED STORMWATER FLOWS. DETENTION POND: ARE STORMWATER BASINS DESIGNED TO INTERCEPT STORMWATER RUNOFF FOR TEMPORARY IMPOUNDMENT AND GRADUAL RELEASE TO A CONVEYANCE SYSTEM OR A RECIEVING WATERBODY.

RAINWATER HARVESTING: INVOLVES COLLECTION, STORAGE, AND REUSE OF RUNOFF FROM ROOFS.

WET VAULT: CONTAINS A PERMANENT WATER POOL, THAT CAUSES A TEMPORARY RISE OF WATER LEVEL DURING EACH STORM.

BIOLOGICAL

FILTRATION

INFILTRATION

FILTER STRIP:A GRASSY SLOPE LOCATED PARALLE TO AN IMPERVIOUS SURFACE SUCH AS A PARKING LOT, DRIVEWAY, OR RAODWAY.

PERVIOUS PAVING: ALLOWS WATER TO VERTICALLY FLOW THROUGH HARD SURFACE.

VEGETATED ROOF: ARE GARDEN ECOLOGIES INSTALLED ATOP BUILDINGS, FROM SMALL TO LARGE BUILDINGS.

INFILTRATION TRENCH: ARE LAMINATED SYSTEMS WITH FABRIC-LINED EXCAVATIONS ATOP, FABRIC-LINED DETENTION TO INCREASE INFILTRATION.

SURFACE SAND FILTER: SUBSURFACE DEVICE THAT PERCOLATES STORMWATER DOWN THROUGH A SAND MEDIA WHERE POLLUTANTS ARE FILTERED OUT.

TREE BOX FILTER: CONSISTS OF A CONTAINER FILLED WITH AMENDED SOIL AND PLANTED WITH A TREE, UNDERLAIN BY CRUSHED GRAVEL MEDIA.

VEGETATED WALL: IS A WALL PARTIALLY OR COMPLETELY COVERED WITH GREENERY THAT INCLUDES A GROWING MEDIUM, SUCH AS SOIL OR A SUBSTRATE.

UNDERGROUND SAND FILTER: IS A TYPE OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY DESIGNED TO FILTER RAINWATER THROUGH SAND TO REMOVE POLLUTANTS.

RAIN GARDEN: IA A PLANTED DEPRESSION DESIGNED TO INFILTRATE STORMWATER RUNOFF, BUT NOT HOLD IT.

RIPARIAN BUFFER: IS A VEGETATED STRIP ALONG THE BANKS OF MOVING BODIES OF WATER.

TREATMENT

BIOSWALE: IA AN OPEN, GENTLY SLOPED, VEGETATED CHANNEL DESIGNED FOR TREATMENT AND CONVEYANCE OF STORMWATER RUNOFF.

CONSTRUCTED WETLAND: A PERMANENT POOL OF WATER DESIGNED TO TREAT POLLUTED STORMWATER THROUGH MICROBIAL BREAKDOWN OF POLLUTANTS, PHYTOREMEDIATION, RETENTION, SETTING, AND ABSORPTION.

INFILTRATION BASIN: IS A TYPE OF BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE THAT IS USED TO MANAGE STORMWATER RUNOFF, PREVENT FLOODING AND DOWNSTREAM EROSION, AND IMPROVE WATER QUALITY IN AN ADJACENT RIVER, STREAM, LAKE OR BAY.