IWUL 2021 draft 2

Resilient Cities

International Workshop on Urban Landscape 2021 Pokfulam Village, Hong Kong

by The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Department of Environment | Landscape Architecture

About International Workshop on Urban Landscape International Workshop on Urban Landscape (IWUL) is an annual international workshop held by landscape architecture undergraduate programs from universities in Tokyo, Seoul, Bangkok, Istanbul, and Hong Kong. The aim is to engage and enhance the research capability of scholars and students, and to keep them abreast of new and challenging topics in urban landscapes around the globe.

Ei X AM L FU GE K A O L P VI L TH

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P HO KS 021 R O 2 L WAPES A N IO SC AT AND N L R TE N IN RBA U

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by The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Department of Environment | Landscape Architecture

Contents Introduction 5

About International Workshop on Urban Landscape 2021

10

Title (Dean)

12

Title (Yin Lun)

14

Pokfulam Village

Workshop Outcomes 18

District-level Water Systems

34

Village-level Water Systems

46

Hygiene & Waste

58

Culture & Land

76

Vacant Land & Underused Sites

Post-workshop 92

4

Closing Remarks

About International Workshop on Urban Landscape 2021 International Workshop on Urban Landscape (IWUL) is an annual international workshop held by landscape architecture undergraduate programs from universities in Tokyo, Seoul, Bangkok, Istanbul, and Hong Kong. Participating universities are: Tokyo City University (TCU); Chulalongkorn University (Chula); University of Seoul (UOS); Istanbul Technical University (ITU) and Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong (THEi).

THEi’s landscape architecture program has participated in IWUL since 2015 and had the honour to host IWUL in 2021 with the theme ‘Resilient Cities’. The research site was Pokfulam Village on Hong Kong Island. Open to a worldwide public audience, IWUL 2021 was held online from 2 to 10 August. The workshop included 8 public online seminars presented by renowned scholars, virtual site visits, design workshops, and concluded with a final presentation by students.

To further the discussion and awareness on the topic of resilient cities, two exhibitions were held to showcase the research findings and design proposals generated from the workshop. The first show was exhibited at THEi Exhibition Hall, while the second round, accompanied by guided tours, took place in Pokfulam Village. The exhibition also had a virtual presence at THEi webpage for overseas participants and interested individuals to access. The workshop outcomes were ultimately consolidated into this free publication.

Principal Investigator: Prof. Leslie Hung Chi CHEN | Dean and Professor, FDE/THEi Co-Principal Investigator: Ms. Sylvia NG | Lecturer, FDE/THEi Co-Investigators: Mr. Jevi King Chung KWOK | Lecturer, FDE/THEi Ms. Yatung TSAI | Lecturer, FDE/THEi Dr. Bosco Ho Lung SO | Lecturer, FDE/THEi Research Assistant: Ms. Monica Ying CHONG 5

Pre-workshop preparation

The project team with Aaron Wong, member of Pokfulam Village Cultural Landscape Conservation Group, on a village tour.

Before the commencement of IWUL 2021, the project team had visited Pokfulam Village several times and had established connection with some villagers, members of the Pokfulam Village Cultural Landscape Conservation Group, and long-serving social workers from Caritas Community Development Service Pokfulam Community Development Project.

In preparation for the workshop, student helpers had been recruited to conduct baseline studies of the site. A video production team had also been hired to produce a series of videos interviewing the local residents and introducing Pokfulam Village. A digital interactive map documenting the stories and history of Pokfulam Village had been put together for the workshop participants to better understand the place, as well as to serve as a future point of reference for individuals and parties interested in learning more about this unique cultural landscape.

THEi student helpers and teachers visited the Village Craft Ladies Workshop in Pokfulam Village.

Behind the scenes of interviewing Ann So, a Pokfulam villager and a member of the Conservation Group.

5 Research themes There are five main research themes, namely 1/ District-level water systems 2/ Village-level water systems 3/ Hygiene and waste 4/ Culture and land 5/ Vacant land and underused sites

Online workshop During the workshop, participants from the five universities were split into five teams, each assigned with one research theme. Not only did they have thought-provoking discussions and exchange ideas, they also attended insightful seminars related to sustainable planning and design of resilient landscapes. The workshop concluded with a final presentation where students presented their conceptual proposals on enhancing the resilience of Pokfulam Village.

Four introductory videos were produced to help overseas workshop participants better understand the context of and issues related to the site

Nigel Ko, a member of the Conservation Group, introduced the types of vacant and underused sites in Pokfulam Village.

A digital interactive map was put together by the research team to introduce Pokfulam Village to the workshop participants and the general public

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Online Public Seminars

Ms. Sylvia Ng (left) and Assoc. Prof. Tan Puay Yok (right)

Prof. SueAnne Ware answering questions from the audience

Prof. Makoto Yokohari giving a seminar on urban agriculture

Ms. Sylvia Ng (left) and Assist. Prof. Leon Wei Leong Loh (right)

Prof. Gintara Stauskis explaining the steps of site reading

Mr. Jevi Kwok (left) and Dr. Alessio Russo (right)

Assoc. Prof. Ariya Aruninta giving a seminar on water Assoc. Prof. Tan Puay Yok, Ms. Sylvia Ng and Dr. Jae infrastructure Ho Lee (top to bottom)

Assoc. Prof. Kazuo Asahira sharing his project and encounter with Dr. Tan and Ms. Sylvia Ng in Japan

There was a total of 8 public lectures spanned across 5 days: Lecture #1 It all began with Goats by Prof. SueAnne Ware, The University of Newcastle Lecture #2 Urban agriculture by Prof. Makoto Yokohari, The University of Tokyo Lecture #3 Landscape Architecture for Sustainable Sites by Prof. Gintaras Stauskis, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Lecture #4 Post-disaster landscape restoration for people empowerment by Assoc. Prof. Kazuo Asahiro, Kyushu University Lecture #5 A Transdisciplinary Approach for the Design of Neighbourhood Landscapes by Assoc. Prof. Tan Puay Yok, National University of Singapore Lecture #6 Re-Naturing Cities: Designing Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Resilience by Dr. Alessio Russo, University of Gloucestershire Lecture #7 Blue Infrastructure & Living with Water by Assoc. Prof. Ariya Aruninta, Chulalongkorn University Lecture #8 Our youngsters - Maker of a Resilient City by Assist. Prof. Leon Wei Leong Loh, Kyushu University

8

Group Presentations

Group 1: Water in district level

Group 2: Water in village level

Group 3: Hygiene and Waste

Group 4: Culture and Land

Group 5: Vacant Land and Underused Sites

Group 5: Vacant Land and Underused Sites

At THEi campus

THEi teachers and students with participants from Closing Speech by Professor Chen Japan, Korea, Thailand and Turkey joining on Zoom Photo credit: Baggio Tsoi Photo credit: Baggio Tsoi

THEi students receiving certificates of attendance Photo credit: Baggio Tsoi

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A Note of Thanks Professor Chen H.C. Leslie Dean, Faculty of Design and Environment, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong

It was not easy to organize a virtual workshop but thanks to the effort and cooperation from all five universities and honoured speakers, we are very glad and thankful that IWUL 2021 was held successfully.

It would not have been possible without the support and participation from each and every one of them.

Prior to the opening of the workshop, the project team, including THEi staff and students, have done a lot of groundwork to compile materials for introducing the site, Pokfulam Village, to the participants joining us from afar.. From prerecorded interviews and interactive maps to baseline studies presentations, the goal was to help participants understand and experience the site intimately, albeit through a computer screen. Of course, we’d much rather everyone had the chance to meet in Hong Kong in person, conduct our site visits fully immersed, and work closely together here on our campus. But I do think there are things that we have gained through our being accustomed to online communication and remote collaboration. In some ways, we have been able to communicate and share information and work together much more efficiently. We hope this workshop serves as evidence of the importance of collaboration in the breeding and sharing of new ideas. It is anticipated that such synergic research and design methods would proliferate in the near future.

We would like to take this opportunity to thank our partnering universities once again and hopefully we can meet not through a screen but in person next year in Seoul.

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Decentering Knowledge Production through Trans-regional Collaboration Dr Chan Yin Lun Assistant Professor and Programme Leader, Department of Environment, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong

As the host of this year’s International Workshop on Urban Landscape, we have been very excited to join hands with all the collaborating universities to explore the possible future scenarios of Pokfulam Village, and by extension, the future scenarios of Hong Kong’s landscapes.

In the process, we wished to foreground site specificity but at the same time learn from the diversity of experiences from our regional partners. I believe these kinds of regional collaboration are very meaningful ones especially in the larger historical context of decolonization and the decentering of knowledge production.

In the process, we attempt to actively produce our own knowledge and practices that are not ‘alternative’ from those of the West but ones that are most appropriate for our sociocultural and economic contexts.

Along the way, I also hope to see the development of new collaborative design methods and representational tools, such as those that we have witnessed in this very fruitful workshop and presented in this publication.

Once again, we would like to thank everyone’s contribution and we look forward to seeing everyone once again physically very soon in Seoul in August 2022!

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Pokfulam Village A unique cultural landscape organically evolved over time

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New Territories

Kowloon

Location Hong Kong Island

Pokfulam Village Map of Hong Kong showing the location of Pokfulam Village

Pokfulam Village is perched on a hillside in the southwest side of Hong Kong Island.

It is indeed an unusual sight amidst the towering high-risers surrounding it.

Background information With tin-roofed houses stretching from Pok Fu Lam Reservoir to the residential high-risers of Chi Fu Fa Yuen, Pokfulam Village has long been disregarded as a slum. Although it is not entirely clear when the earliest settlers arrived at Pokfulam Village, the first written account of it traces back to more than 200 years ago. The area was also home to the first dairy farm in the city. The significance of Pokfulam Village should definitely not be overlooked.

The farmlands have long gone but the close-knit community and their unique traditions and culture have stayed.

In 2014, Pokfulam Village was included on the World Monuments Watch List for its significance and scarcity in the metropolitan Hong Kong.

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The early settlers The development of Pokfulam Village and its vicinity is inherently linked with water.

In fact, the earliest settlers were drawn to this location because of its abundance of freshwater. The three streams cascading down the hill behind the village made it possible for the settlers to live off the land by farming. A large proportion of the land used to be rice terraces. Villagers also grew vegetables, root crops, and tea.

The streams attracted not just the early settlers but also a Scottish surgeon Dr. Patrick Mason who establish the very first dairy farm in the city in 1886. For the decades that followed, the landscape of Pok Fu Lam had changed bit by bit. Gradually, Pokfulam Village had become surrounded by vast areas of pastures, scattered cowsheds and workers’ dormitories. It is undeniable that the growth and development of Pokfulam Village had been intertwined with that of the Old Dairy Farm.

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Pokfulam Village in 1970s Source: oldhkphotos.com

Post-war Era The post-war years saw a surge in population in Hong Kong. With the arrival of refugees from the mainland, numerous squatter houses had been erected across the city. Pokfulam Village had a fair share, too. Coupled with the banning of rice cultivation on Hong Kong Island, densely packed squatter houses, which were at that time tolerated by the government, soon replaced rice fields.

Pokfulam Village in 1953 VS. Present Source: Pokfulam Village Facebook Page

Nowadays For decades, the village has been left neglected, hence it lacks some basic infrastructure. Even though life in Pokfulam Village nowadays is not too different from that in the city - there is tap water, electricity, WiFi etc - it still does not have a sewerage system. Besides, flash floods have long been a threat to the dwellers in the area. The waste collection and hygiene maintenance in the village also have room for improvement.

Pokfulam Village in 1931 Source: Pokfulam Village Facebook Page

Volunteers and villagers worked together to build Choi Yuen Tei Source: Ann So

Albeit the aforementioned issues, its history and culture have woven the distinctive cultural landscape that we see today. For the past several decades, avid villagers have been doing various work to conserve Pokfulam Village. Being the last surviving village on Hong Kong Island and one the few remaining squatter areas in the city, Pokfulam Village serves as a portal to understand village life and to learn about diminishing cultural traditions such as the Mid-autumn Fire Dragon Dance. Pokfulam Village is an important cultural asset to Hong Kong and its significance should be brought to the public’s attention.

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District-level Water Systems Baseline Research :

Leung Kwai Chin, Magnus (THEi)

Workshop:

Leung Kwai Chin, Magnus (THEi), Hui Chun To, Anthon (THEi) Yuichiro Mochizuki (TCU), Natcha Chuanpirom (CHU) Chayanich Vongpipat (CHU), Kim, Jae Hun (UOS) Aylin Önal (ITU)

Tutors:

Dr. Hwajin Lim (TCU), Ms. Sanny Ng (THEi)

Stream 1

Stream 2

Stream 3

The three streams There are three streams cascading down the hill behind Pokfulam Village. The abundance of water was plausibly the reason why the early settlers of Pokfulam Village had chosen this place.

For the years that following the establishment of the village, the landscape of Pok Fu Lam had changed bit by bit; roads had been built, the first dairy farm in Hong Kong had been set up... The three streams were no exception.

From channelization to constructing culverts, the streams have undergone transformations of various scales, so have the lives of the villagers and their relationship with the water landscape.

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Water infrastructures Severe flooding incidents over the past decades have paved the way to several drainage improvement works in the village and its vicinity. The latest infrastructural project includes the construction of about 800m of stormwater drains with diameters ranging from 400mm to 1,000mm along the horse trail and walking trail located uphill of Pokfulam Village and about 260m of stormwater drains with diameter ranging from 800 mm to 1,350mm along Chi Fu Road.

Stream 1 Nullah connected to the Pok Fu Lam Reservoir

Stream 2 Shui Tseng Tau

Stream 3 Near Chi Fu Fa Yuen

Excess flow from Pok Fu Lam Reservoir

1800s: Some migrants from Mainland China congregated in Pokfulam Village

Drainage Channel (600-900mmW) Double-cell box culvert (2.4mWx1.8mH) Original status of drainage network in Pokfulam Village

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N

1863: Pok Fu Lam Reservoir went into service

1963: Water rationing occured

2009: Completion of phase 1 drainage improvement works

2018-2019: Public consultation on drainage improvement issues

2010 & 2015: Flooding threatened Pokfulam Village

Timeline showing the key water-related events in Pok Fu Lam

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Legend Proposed Stormwater drains and the diameter N

40 0

Existing box culvert N

40

10

00

00

450-12 00

10

1000

The project is currently under construction. It is expected to be completed by the end of 2023 to early 2024. Would the water table be lowered after the project implementation? Would the cascade of Shui Tseng Tau become even drier? How the project would change the water system of the area is still unknown.

Construction plan of drainage improvement in Pok Fu Lam

Excavate jacking pits and receiving pits

Construct stormwater pipes by trenchless method

Construction of underground stormwater pipe along Chi Fu Road

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100

Prospect

0

0

Design Proposal The design theme The design theme ‘Getting Along with Dragons’ takes inspiration from the traditional Fire Dragon Dance practiced in Pokfulam Village and the cultural significance of water to the villagers. These two symbols are incorporated into the proposed landscape design for the three streams.

Stream 2: Unending Inheritance

Stream 3: Where the Blue and Gray Dragons Meet

Stream 1 tributary: Living with the Dragon

The three streams and their respective design concepts

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Proposed scheme for the tributary of Stream 1 In response to frequent flooding in Pokfulam Village, the construction of a check dam in the upper course is proposed. It would be made of rock and bamboo which are materials found in the village so that the design would blend in with the existing environment.

The check dam works by slowing down water flow, thus alleviating the risk of flooding.

In the middle course, where the stream goes underground, the main goal is to create a pleasant walking experience using elements that express the unique character of the village.

The lower course is close to a school. It is an area that is quite dull at the moment.

Benches, murals and vegetation are proposed to activate the space into a recreational site where villagers and visitors can rest and socialize.

After:

Before:

Constructing a check dam in the upper course to slow down water flow and prevent flooding in the low-lying areas

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After:

Before:

Activating the space into a recreational site where villagers and visitors can rest and socialize.

After:

Before:

Creating a pleasant walking experience using elements that express the character of Pokfulam Village.

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Proposed scheme for Stream 2 For stream 2, the theme is ‘Unending inheritance’. The dragon is symbolic of success and energy. Its cultural significance should be embodied in Pokfulam Village and pass on to future generations. By incorporating the theme into the infrastructural design, the proposed scheme aims to increase the vitality of the village and to improve the coordination between human and nature, as well as to use water as a medium to convey the culture and narrate the development of the village.

Stream 2

1 2

Area applying blue-green strategy Interventions in the lower course Masterplan of Stream 2

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N

Area applying blue-green strategy

Plant Selection

Phragmites vallatorius

Juncus effusus

Canna indica

Rotala rotundifolia

Crinum asiaticum

Ludwigia octovalvis

Visitor circulation Water flow Primula japonica

N

Planting plan

Blue-green strategy In the upper course, the zigzag stream path simulates the movement of a dragon.

Coupled with the creation of artificial wetlands, the rehabilitated stream would be more vibrant and visually pleasant for the villagers and visitors. However, as the upper course is steep and the water channel is narrow, the water flow would be relatively fast, potentially causing flooding in the lower areas. Therefore, gabion walls are important to act as a buffer to reduce the stream flow and minimize flooding threats.

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A B

B’

A’

Long Section AA’

Location and design of gabion walls to slow down water flow

Interventions 1 & 2

Section BB’

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The lower course is located in the vicinity of several village houses. The stream floods easily as the stream channel is too shallow. It has little ecological value and occasionally gives off a pungent smell.

Plants

Dredging the stream bed and introducing a variety of aquatic plants along the stream are proposed to resolve the above problems. Adding colourful and shimmering pebbles and replacing the railings with ones that reflect the characteristics of the village would give the place a more unique ambiance and visiting experience.

Iris virginica

Typha supp.

Equisetum hyemale

Pebbles Colourful stones Intervention 1

Plants

1

Acorus americanus

Ludwigia peploides

2

Fence simulating dragon’s scales

Location of interventions 1 & 2

All of the above proposed items aims to enhance the cultural landscape of Pokfulam Village while ensuring safety and providing joy for people.

Intervention 2

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Proposed scheme for Stream 3 Stream 3 is where the natural and the man-made environment converge. The upper stream is still a natural stream with minimal human-induced modification. Midway down the stream, there is a village entrance from Chi Fu Road. From that point downwards, the stream goes underground. Sewage from the nearby houses is discharged into the stream. The stream eventually meets with the other streams at an outfall, which is a flooding blackspot.

The most pressing issues related to Stream 3 are flooding risks, polluted water, and social disconnection between the village and the adjacent urban settlement.

Outlet leading to Waterfall Bay Grey water from households

Mural Concrete or metal gutters

Natural upper course

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Sewage and the stream

Water Dams

Water dams and filtration pipes To tackle the problems of flooding and contaminated water, the installation of water dams and filtration pipes is propsed. Located upstream, the water dams would control the flow rate and volume of the stream, while filtration pipes would be installed to the outlets of the houses to remove solid particles from the sewage discharging into the stream.

Filtration pipes

Location of the dams and filtration pipes

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Creating a route for people to explore the village and its relation with the water

Connecting communities by means of water Regarding the social disconnection between Pokfulam Village and Chi Fu Fa Yuen, the strategy is to create a route for people to explore the village and its relation with water. Improving the entrance and improving accessibility to the village is key. Ramps are proposed to achieve this. There would be an infiltration pond with aquatic plants to control the amount and speed of the water flow. One section of 32

the trail goes along the upper stream. The landscape intervention creates a serene walkway for people to relax. The other trail leads to a well where the initially vacant surrounding space is refurbished to a water square. It is a recreational area, a meeting point, and also an educational space where people can learn about the cultural significance of water in Pokfulam Village. The whole route is decorated by the street art & graffiti which serve as visual guidance to lead visitors to the dragon mural.

Village-level Water Systems Baseline Research :

Kong Ho Hin, Howie (THEi)

Workshop:

Kong Ho Hin, Howie (THEi), Ms. Nanami Hatano (TCU) Nicha Kasetkriengkrai (CHU), Wipawee Kachasakoon (CHU) Kwon, Ji Won (UOS), Kim, Soo Jung (UOS)

Tutors:

Dr .Jae Ho Lee (UOS) | Ms. Yatung Tsai (THEi)

Stream 3

Legend

Living with water

Well Areas with high risk of flooding

Stream 2

Stream 1

The location of the three streams and areas with high risk of flooding in Pokfulam Village

The availability of water supply is believed to be an indicator of good Feng Shui in Chinese customs. In fact, the word ‘shui’ means water in Chinese. With three streams surrounding and passing through it, Pokfulam Village is said to be sitting on blessed land.

However, the abundance of water is both a blessing and a curse. Situated in a lowlying area, flash floods have long been a threat to the people living there.

There are still some wells in the village, all of them are covered and no longer in use.

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Timeline of water-related incidents and issues in Pokfulam Village

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Aftermath measures: Short term Cleaning & Inspection by Drainage Services Department before wet season and after heavy rain

Mid term Covered drainage channel widened.

A waste collection point next to the channel was relocated.

Long term To build a separate drainage system in Pok Fu Lam Road to collect Pokfulam Village storm water

Fallen trees caused drainage blockage and led to flooding.

The water depth in the lanes was as high as 3 feet. Many houses were flooded.

Some residents were trapped.

Previous severe flooding cases in Pokfulam Village

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Stream 3 Drainage and sewage

Design Proposal

Stream 2 Drying out Stream 1 Channelization

Disconnected with water Water has a profound cultural significance to the villagers of Pokfulam Village. Not only is it an important element in Feng Shui, it is also indispensable to the livelihood of the villagers, especially in the past when most settlers farm for a living.

However, due to development in and around the district, the three rivers have been modified mechanically to various extents. The cascade named Shui Tseng Tau has become dried out in the dry season in recent years.

Most of the wells in the village have been covered up and abandoned since the villagers can now get water from the tap. The connection between the villagers and water has diminished bit by bit.

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N

The main problems of the three streams

Program analysis : The 6 domains of resilience

The design concept The concept “Community Resilience” is adopted in this scheme. Throughout the history of Pokfulam Village, residents have invariably worked together to resist and to recover from various adverse situations. The resilience of the community is undeniably strong. It is hoped to revive the connection between the villagers and water by accentuating existing water features. The designs proposed are born out of past mistakes and deficiencies while acknowledging the culture of their community.

Stream 1 : Adaptive recreational park

Stream 1

Vacant site

N

The vacant site next to the nullah (now used as a temporary construction site

For stream 1, the dynamic nature of water is celebrated and accentuated in an adaptive recreational park designed to accommodate flooding. Making use of the nearby vacant site, the park allows room for water to overflow to various degrees. A variety of spaces organized into differing levels allows people of all walks of life to enjoy the adaptive park when it is dry.

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A) Dry water

1 2

3 4

Strategy: 4 tiers of floodplain for 3 situations A) Dry water B) Normal flooding C) Severe flooding

Playground and sports zone

Flexible gathering space

Shrub

Meadow

Drainage way

B) Normal flooding

1. Meadow, emergent vegetation 2. Lower shrub 3. Gathering space 4. Kids zone/playground Zoning plan of the adaptive recreational park

turf blocks allow water to infiltrate into the ground C) Severe flooding

40

allow water to overflow in this zone

Stream 2 : Dragon Pond

Dry season

Wet season - Enjoy the waterscape

Wet season

For stream 2, the focus is the dragon pond and the cascade Shui Tseng Tau. The cascade is usually dried out in the dry seasons. The bridges in the lower part of the stream are very narrow. The concept is to bring villagers closer to the water while giving prominence to the natural beauty of the landscape. A new bridge design is proposed. There would also be spaces for rest and relaxation.

Dry season - Enjoy the landscape, more spaces for people to explore and stay

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Current plan

Proposed plan

Proposed dragon head ornament inspired by the Fire Dragon in Pokfulam Village

Adding and rearranging current landscape elements E.g. rocks, sculptures, Buddha statue, golden dragon

Planting strategy - Invite villagers to participate in the planting design because they are used to designing and building their own spaces - Villagers knows best where to grow the plants and what species they like

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Stream 3 : Incorporating village characteristics For stream 3, the main goal is to tackle the pressing issue of flooding while enhancing the appearance of the stream by incorporating characteristics extracted from the village.

Patterns drawn from the metal gates ubiquitous along Wai Chai Main Street are used as a design motif. Last but not least, a community garden around the local well is proposed.

Design inspiration Before

Catching area

Permeable pavement helps water drainage and prevents flooding

After

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A study of water quality by Hong Kong University of Science and Technology showed that the turbidity of the water collected from most of the wells is lower than 2 NTU (Nephelometric turbidity units).

According to the WHO standard, the turbidity of drinking water must be lower than 1 NTU. E. coli was found in the water from two of the wells.

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Design for the well - Community garden around the well and use well water to irrigate plants - Design for the use of both villagers and visitors - Remind villagers of the old days that they lived using well water - Educate visitors about the history of the wells and the village

Hygiene & Waste Baseline Research :

Fung Janice (THEi)

Workshop:

Fung Janice (THEi), Mr. Shoji Yamazaki (TCU), Taehun Kim (CHU), Wachirawit Lerdsakulthong (CHU) Zeynep Kaya (ITU), Gong, Jimin (UOS), Kim, Jiyeon (UOS)

Tutors:

Dr. Kei Saito (TCU), Dr. Kanokwalee Suteethorn (CHU), Mr. Jevi Kwok (THEi)

An Overview of Waste Circulation

Point A

N

Point H

Point I

Point J

Point K

Point B

Point C

Point D

Point E

Point F

Point G

Point L

Point M

Map showing the circulation of domestic waste within Pokfulam Village and locations of bins

Transfer to Pok Fu Lam Road by street cleaners

Domestic waste

Bins in the village

By hand (due to stairs) and trolley

To landfill

Garbage transported to the central collection station

Circulation of domestic waste within Pokfulam Village

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Are there enough bins?

Most households can find a bin within 1.5-minute walking distance except the area marked in orange on the map.

Residents living in this zone usually dispose of their trash at points K and M in the morning and/or after dinner.

In one of the interviews, villagers have stated that the bins in the village are usually full or even overflown by the evening. It is not only unhygienic but also an eyesore.

Problems of open bins Most of the bins stationed in Pokfulam Village are uncovered. This creates a host of hygiene problems such as encouraging the growth and reproduction of pests and causing odor problems. In times of rain, some trash would get flushed into the water channels, causing blockage and even flooding in extreme cases. This also leads to pollution as the trash will eventually be flushed into the sea.

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Distance 1-1.5 min walking distance (50m) Capacity of bins Big Medium Small

Number of bins e.g. 1 means one small bin U means unknown number of big bins

N

Map showing the distribution of waste collection points in relation to walking distance

Legend Sheltered

No lid

Closed lid

Flooding blackspot

Open lid

N

Map showing the distribution and type of waste collection points in relation to flood risk

Yard and food waste Some villagers have joined hands to form a community group called Lok Kun Yuen, which promotes cultural and environmental sustainability. Yard and food waste in the village are treated in various ways to reuse as fertilizer in the village’s community farm called Choi Yuen Tei. Fruit parts such as peels and seeds are burnt into ashes, while yard waste is generally stored for 2 to 3 months for composting.

The dimensions of bins found in Pokfulam Village

Lok Kun Yuen had experimented with food waste collection and composting before. The types of food waste they tested out were vegetable, fruit and egg shells. Although the scheme attracted a substantial number of villagers to participate, it required a lot of manpower and time to transfer the compost to and the amount of compost from food waste and yard waste together exceeded the amount of fertilizer needed in Choi Yuen Tei. Composting is still practiced in the village but no longer as popular as before.

The road width in Pokfulam Village

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Enzyme production Beside composting, Pokfulam villagers have also tried producing enzyme from food waste. The enzyme can be used for neutralizing the odor given off by the water channel. Fruit peels and vegetables are stored for 2 to 3 months for fermentation. The liquid produced is then collected and bottled up for distributing to the villagers living beside the water channels. Those who got the enzyme are responsible for pouring the enzyme into the water channels regularly.

Enzyme production in Pokfulam Village

Pay for your own rubbish

What do villagers throw away? Some items are recyclable!

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The Municipal Solid Waste Charging Scheme will commence in soon. The disposal and collection of waste in the village will likely change when the scheme comes into effect.

Sewage: A long battle Hygiene in Pokfulam Village has improved over the years, however, one of the most pressing issues - the lack of a proper sewage system - has remained unresolved. In other words, domestic wastewater, including bodily wastes, is directly discharged into the streams. The wastewater eventually enters the sea without any treatment. Since 2009, a concern group formed by the villagers has been communicating and liaising with government officials on this matter. It has been a long fight but the planning of the sewers has finally been issued to the public, although much of the details, such as the architecture of the pumping station, are still unknown.

Legend Proposed sewers

N

Sewage system proposed by Drainage Services Department

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Design Proposal

The process During the brainstorming phase, the group conducted some case studies on waste management in various countries. Members exchange ideas and discuss on Conceptboard and zoom. They then examined which references would be applicable and feasible in the context of Pokfulam Village.

Sharing of case studies on Conceptboard

Then, the group conducted a SWOT analysis on Pokfulam Village with regards to its hygiene and waste management.

Problems in Pokfulam Village

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On the road to become a wasteless village The main goal of the design is to reduce waste in Pokfulam Village by promoting composting, recycling and upcycling strategies in the village.

For composting, a composting area next to the Pok Fu Lam Transit Nursery is proposed as an alternative to the composting area in Choi Yuen Tei. Keyhole garden and compost turner are adopted to facilitate the process of composting.

The compost can be used in the Pok Fu Lam Transit Nursery, Choi Yuen Tei and other vegetated spaces in the village.

Benefits of composting - Reducing waste production - Enhancing people’s health - Raising awareness on waste reduction - Smell control - Conserving the environment - Connecting people and the community

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Composting centre Keyhole garden

N

Proposed locations of compost collection points and composting centre

Proposed locations of keyhole garden and compost turners

Keyhole Garden Compost piles in the center help nutrients to be distributed around the garden. The notch also makes access to the compost centre easier.

Section of keyhole garden

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Circulation of organic waste by means of composting

How to compost

Composting Area Waste from food and organic matters are collected from the village and sent to the area for composting. Next, the compounds can be used to grow plants and vegetables in community garden and the nursery.

Community garden creates activities for the villagers and let them have more interactions which benefits people physically and mentally.

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Improve the location and design of bins Besides composting, an item exchange corner is proposed to cultivate a wasteless culture in the village. Some new trash collection points and new bin designs are also suggested to create a more hygienic and safer environment.

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Securing bins to the ground in order to prevent them from being flushed into the culvert and causing blockage

Setting up a wider variety of recycle bins, including paper, plastic, metal, organic matter and non-recyclable trash

Setting up a sharing exchange corner for villagers to exchange items in order to reduce waste production.

Adding lids to uncovered bins to reduce smell and breeding of pests

New trash collection point

N

Government land No. 5E (refer to p.77) - Vacant site - Located at the end of Wai Chai Main Street where 3 paths intersect - Located next to a frequented path

There are not enough bins in the zone demarcated with a red line in the diagram on the left. The walking distance to dispose of trash is more than 50m, which translates to more than 1 to 1.5 minutes of walking. Making use of vacant and underused sites found in the village, new trash collection points are proposed in this zone so as to make waste disposal easier for the residents living in this area.

Pok Fu Lam Village Sitting-out Area No. 1 (refer to p.77) - Underused space - Located at a frequented path

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Culture & Land Baseline Research :

Chung Pui Yu Ada (THEi)

Workshop:

Chung Pui Yu Ada (THEi), CHAN Sze Man, Jenny (THEi) Hiroki Kuroha (TCU), Yurika Shimada (TCU), Şeyma Ekelik (ITU), Pannita Srikumarn (CHU), Jung, Young Jun (UOS)

Tutors:

Dr. Young min Kim (UOS), Ms. Nergis Aşar (ITU), Ms. Monica Chong (THEi)

N

Map showing the location of gathering, community and cultural spaces in Pokfulam Village

Point A: Fire Dragons Bamboo Altar

Point F: Wai Chai Main Street

Point B: San Wah Teahouse

Point G: Longan Stump

Point C: Pokfulam Village Neighborhood Welfare

Point H: Choi Yuen Tei

Association Wu Shang Hall

Point I: Shui Tseng Tau

Point D: Altar of Dai Bak Gong

Point J: Shanghai Street

Point E: Village Craft Ladies’ Workshop 59

Fire Dragon Bamboo Altar Fire Dragon Dance is a traditional folk custom practiced in Guangdong province. This tradition is still kept alive and performed at two locations in Hong Kong; Tai Hang and Pokfulam Village, each with their own unique differences. The Pokfulam Fire Dragon is made of bamboo sticks, metal wires and straw. Burning incense sticks are then inserted into the skeleton of the dragon before the dance begins. Mr Ng Kwong-nam, leader of the fire dragon dance team of the village, has built this bamboo altar at the village entrance to serve as a workshop as well as an exhibition space to showcase this intangible cultural heritage.

The village has previously collaborated with The Conservancy Association to hold an Eco-straw X Fire dragon Dance and a Pokfulam guided tour.

The straw produced in Long Valley has been used to make a fire-dragon in hopes of promoting the conservation of both local agriculture and intangible heritage.

Source: The Conservancy Association

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Source: Pokfulam Village Facebook Page

House 87, formerly Happy Cafe, is where the craft activities take place now.

Village Craft Ladies’ Workshop The Village Craft Ladies Workshop was established a few years ago. The workshop ladies has learnt dyeing techniques from a volunteer in some village activities. Later, they started experimenting with various dyeing ingredients and even utilized existing local natural resources, such as Mikania micrantha, which is an invasive specie in Hong Kong. Their aim is to utilize natural resources obtained from the land they live on in a sustainable way to create useful daily products. By participating in this workshop, the ladies have felt the cohesion, trust and sense of belonging within the village. Besides dyeing, they have also ventured into other handicrafts such as sewing, knitting and print-making.

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Choi Yuen Tei Before the building of Choi Yuen Tei, villagers find it difficult to organise large-scale village activities as there wasn’t a place large enough for them to gather.

In 2012, the Kam and Ho families lent out two plots of farmland for creating a community space for Pokfulam villagers. The conservation group took the lead to rehabilitate the deteriorating fields. Not only did they receive donations from around 200 villagers and interested parties, the conservation group also got help from over 40 villagers and numerous student volunteers. After ten months of hard work, Choi Yuen Tei was finally opened in April 2013. It has been the venue for village festivals and celebrations ever since.

The villagers used to practice subsistence farming in the past. Currently, farming has diminished but there are still some villagers that enjoy growing their own organic food such as banana, eggplants and cucumber.

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A

B

C

D

E

F

G

N

Map showing the location of private and communal farmlands

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Shui Tseng Tau during wet season

Shui Tseng Tau during dry season

Shui Tseng Tau ‘Shui Tseng Tau’ which literally means ‘head of the well’ is one of the three streams passing through Pokfulam Village. In the past, water ran continuously from the waterfall above and supplied fresh water to the villagers living in the valley. The water eventually trickled out of the village and down to Waterfall Bay. In 2007, the Drainage Services Department excavated a giant flood-draining tunnel in the mountains of Western District, with the aim of leading water run-off from Wong Nai Chung to the sea at Cyberport. Shui Tseng Tau has dried up since then, and the waterfall above the village only reappears on rainy days.

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Agriculture & festive celebrations In Pokfulam Village, there are around nine important festivals. Festive celebrations play the role of gathering all the villagers and increase their sense of belonging to Pokfulam Village. The activities and contents of the festivals are intertwined with the crops harvested in that particular period, for example, villagers would gather in Choi Yuen Tei before Lunar New year to harvest turnips and make turnip cakes together.

Agricultural & festive calendar of Pokfulam Village

Making turnip cakes in Choi Yuen Tei Source: Ann So

Turnips grown and harvested in Choi Yuen Tei Source: Ann So

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Design Proposal The concept Pokfulam Village would not be the same without its people. All efforts of conservation would be to no avail if the place is devoid of its residents. Therefore, the main concept should be about people. The proposal has three aims: connecting people, encouraging participation of different people and fostering long-lasting relationships between people. Village revitalization and conservation should not be for consumption. Rather, the goal is to cultivate understanding of and attachment to the village. The scheme involves not just the local residents of Pokfulam Village but also brings into play the support and resources from external parties.

Connecting people

Participation of different people

SWOT analysis Strength

Weakness

- Strong culture

- Lack of sewage system

- Local knowledge

- Waste management

- Have a variety of activities in a year

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Opportunities

Threat

- Top of mind if people recall to local

- Government’s development plan

tourism in Hong Kong

- The pandemic

- Increase exposure of the villager

- Disaster (flooding & climate change)

Long-lasting relationship between people

Marketing strategies

Social Media Marketing

Content Marketing

Referral scheme

Mobile Marketing

SEO

Economic model

Revenue

Maintenance

Attractions

Crowdfunding

An income from workshops, visiting shopping points, and opening a tour becomes a resource for the villagers to improve their facilities, preserving heritages, and organizing activities in the village.

Maintenances and preservation of the village make there has more beautiful and comfortable appearance and living environment.

Tourists will be attracted and residents can be benefit again so it becomes a positive cycle.

Voluntary basis, people can choose where or not to donate through the app. When they reach a fixed amount of money, for example, HKD50, they can get a vegetable or shopping coupon.

Cross-over Marketing

Influencers

There are three components in this scheme. The first is to transform the vacant site into a space that promotes farming experience and culture of Pokfulam Village. The second is to design themed walking trails to promote village culture and district history, as well as to show a positive attitude to adapt to challenges. The third one is to design an app to introduce the stories of different attractions in the village and its vicinity.

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The Vacant site

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The site is close to some other feature sites such as the nullah, Choi Yuen Tei, and the Old Dairy Farm Staff Dormitory Blocks.

It can be accessed via different entrances and routes. The site has approximately a 5% slope.

Site location

Entrances and route leading to the site

Size and geographical context of the site

N

Proposed Scheme: Community Farm The proposed community farm has three main focuses: 1 / Education: Urban people can experience farming and the cultural of the village; teach students sustainable agricultural techniques 2/ Cultural outreach: Visitors can try tie-dye, and enjoy village festivals 3/ Making connection: Establish connections between villagers and visitors, increase the income of village and promote village’s culture.

Education

Cultural outreach

Making connection N

Landscape masterplan

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Educational farmland Main farmland Section of the community farm at the vacant site

Potential activities in the community farm

Planting calendar and village festivals

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The community farm consists of the areas: the educational farmland is for organizing experiential agricultural activities for visitors and students, the main farmland is for villagers to grow produce for sale, and The multi-functional plaza provides space for holding events and for people to rest and relax. As the site sits on a slope, terraces would be constructed to make the land suitable for farming.

N

Trail Design Three themed walking trails are proposed: Cultural Trail (~ 1 hour), Sustainable Living Trail (~1.5 hour), and Historical Trail (~3 hours). These three different trails provide in-depth visits and experiences to the visitors.

There are resting points on each route to ensure a pleasant and safe journey.

Circulation diagram 71

Sustainable living trail - Observe how people’s way of living adapt to the environment - Learn about making use of natural resources to improve quality of life - Farming and sustainable lifestyle experiential activities

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Cultural trail

Historical trail

- Learn about the village’s local custom and festivals - Sight-seeing of buildings of different architectural styles - Community art participation

- Learn about the history of Pokfulam and the relationship between water and the development of the district - Water infrastructure

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Wai Chai Main Street

Sustainable living trail

Cultural trail

App development The app has several functions. First, the trails section allows people to arrange self-guided tours. They can click into the locations to learn about the stories behind them.

Second, it has a booking function to allow visitors register for various activities in the village. Respecting the carrying capacity of Pokfulam Village and its tranquil environment, the there would be a limitation on the number of visitors for the activities for crowd control purposes. The app also has a blog section where visitors could write about their experiences in Pokfulam Village. Lastly, users can check the economic cycle to see how their money and donation have been used in preserving the village.

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App for Pokfulam Village.

Landing page

The trails section allows people to arrange selfguided tours.

The importance of trails and workshops

Visit

Sense of belonging

Historical trail

The trails include various sites that reflect the unique character and history of the village.

Users can click into the locations to learn more about the stories behind them.

The blog section allows people to leave comments.

The app also serves as a platform for discussion.

Visitors can book various activities organized by the village.

Teamwork

Community Participation

Visitors can pay advance via the app.

in

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Vacant Land & Underused Sites Baseline Research :

Tang Cheuk Hei, Indy Cepheus (THEi), Chu Long Yin, Julie (THEi)

Workshop:

Chu Long Yin, Julie (THEi), Hiroto Imada (TCU), Ayako Tsuda (TCU), Ratchapak Rattanaburee (CHU) Yoon, Heejin (UOS), Choi, Ahyoung (UOS)

Tutors:

Assoc Prof. Ariya Aruninta (CHU) | Dr. Hayriye Eşbah Tunçay (ITU), Ms. Sylvia Ng (THEi)

Pokfulam Village Sitting-out area No. 1

Vacant government land no. 5E

Pokfulam Village Sitting-out area No. 2

Vacant government land no. 127C

Vacant government land no. 129A

Vacant government land no. 8D

Vacant government land no.

129A

Vacant government land no. 100M Vacant government land

LCSD sitting-out area

Underused LCSD nursery Vacant government land no.

127C

Location of the vacant and underused sites in Pokfulam Village

Vacant government land no.

8D

Pokfulam Village Sitting-out area No. 2

Pokfulam Village Sitting-out area No. 1

Vacant government no. 5E

land

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Is there not enough land?

Houses in Pokfulam Village are densely packed and open spaces are quite limited. However, there are some government lots, abandoned and fenced for a significant period of time. Pokfulam villagers have identified 5 vacant government sites in their village available for short term tenancy, ranging from 21 m2 to 265 m2.

In order to better utilize land resources, where there are vacant government sites available, interested NGOs or social enterprises may apply to rent such sites on a short-term basis for community, institutional, or non-profit-making purposes.

Procedures and Requirements of Short Term Tenancy (STT) Application 1. Submit application 2. Application Accepted 3. Processing application 4. Public consultations 5. Formal approval 6. Application for Funding

Aspirations and Needs of Villagers The conservation group have done some surveys before to collect opinion. Most villagers think that there are not enough sports and outdoor recreation spaces and fitness equipment for the elderly, while parents hope there would be play areas for children.

Vacant or underused government land in Pokfulam Village Government land No. 129A Area: Vacancy: Condition:

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Approximate 350m² For at least 30 years Surrounded by taller houses 2 of 4 sides of site is accessible On a slope Vegetated site

Government land No. 127C Area: Condition:

Approximate 40m² Small triangular site Flat, concrete ground Accessible from 1 of 3 sides In between houses Direct sunlight most of day Adjacent longan tree provide some shade Close to Choi Yuen Tei Close to Public toilet Public street light towards it

Government land No. 5E Area: Condition:

Approximate 11.5m² Small pentagonal site Flat, concrete ground Next to dense, taller houses Close to Wai Chai Main Street At a three-way intersection Close to public toilet Street light opposite to it

Government land No. 8D Area: Condition:

Approximate 152m² Small rectangular site Only 1 side is accessible Filled with abandoned bricks and rocks Located halfway up the hill With an open view Site is relatively hard to find Accessible only via a narrow staircase No tree; trees at the back No street light

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Sitting-out Area No. 1 (a) Area: Open date: Condition:

Approximate 70m² Around 2009 A cut and filled site With a pavilion Only one entrance to the site via stairs Close to the Logan Stump and public toilet Next to the Picasso House Surrounded by fences

Sitting-out Area No. 1 (b) Area: Open date: Condition:

Approximate 60m² Around 2009 Located beside a frequented path Close to public toilet A street light within site A well is nearby Wheelchair accessible A mature tree provides shade Direct sunlight in pm Bare planters and concrete benches

Sitting-out Area No. 2 Area: Open date: Condition:

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Approximate 117m² Around 2000s Terrace style (3 tiers) 2 entrances Less than ⅔ of space is under shade Sheltered 2-seat bench X2 Chess table set X1 Sheltered 3-seat bench X2 Accessible only via a staircase 2 street lights towards the area (3/F)

Design Proposal The concept: The Soaring Dragon Taking inspiration form the Fire Dragon Dance in Pokfulam Village, the Dragon Path is a route linking up various vacant or underused sites, in which new designs and programs are proposed.

The aim of the Dragon Path is to increase the encounter of people and allow them to discover a new perspective in their everyday route.

Ultimately, the design proposal hopes to recall memories in Pokfulam Village and share them with the next generations in village.

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The design objectives - To activate vacant and underused sites in the village - To build and strengthen connections between villagers - To foster multi-generational communication in Pokfulam Village - Redesigned areas that make people stay, gather and communicate - To increase recreational spaces in the village - To provide a better outdoor experience for different ages

N

Location of the 6 vacant and underused sites in Pokfulam Village

The Dragon Path

The Dragon Path linking up 6 activated sites

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- To increase encounter of people - To discover a new perspective in everyday route - To recall memories related to Pokfulam Village and to pass it on to future generations

Area 2: Rest and Share In an urbanized city like Hong Kong, people are gradually becoming indifferent to the surroundings.

The connection between people has grown weaker and weaker. The act of sharing has become rare nowadays but remains in the Pokfulam Village. The design for area 2 aimed to celebrate the ‘Sharing’ habit of villagers in Pokfulam Village. By setting up a booth, the vacant site is transformed into an organic vegetable sharing and selling point on weekends. On weekdays, the site becomes a sitting out area for people to socialize, rest and enjoy a slower pace of life.

Design strategy - Remove barbed wire to strengthen connection - Wooden boxes that can be used for sitting and setting up market - Plant herbaceous plants and hang potted plants

Government land No. 127C

House

Wooden boxes

House

Path Design plan

Daily: Villagers enjoy the resting area

Farmers’ Market Day: Villagers sell vegetables grow in their garden

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Area 3: Running of the Fire Dragon There is a lack of play facilities for children in the village. A survey done by the Conservation Group before also reflected the need for play areas in the village. With consideration of the above factors, it is proposed that Area 3, which is originally a dull sitting-out area, be activated as an activity area. The design takes inspiration from Fire Dragon Dance, a custom practiced in Pokfulam Village. The playscape encourages children to exercise and express their creativity and imagination. It is not an area solely for kids as there are also passive zones where parents and elderly people can sit and mingle with each other when the kids play. It is not an area solely for kids but a common area for people from all walks of life so as to foster relationships between different people.

Isometric view of the design

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Pok Fu Lam Village sitting-out Area No. 2

Passive zone

Merits of the site 1. Most of the area is covered in shade 2. Close to green space and the good ventilation 3. Easy to access 4. Nearly no blind spots 5. Has a large area and flat ground

Design Strategy - Movement of the path simulate the movement of dragons - Divided into active and passive zones

Active zone

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Area 4: A Shop where Culture Gathers Area 4 is a vacant site close to the Old Wai Chai Main Street, where most visitors go through when they first enter the village. The Village Craft Ladies’ Workshop is also nearby. Given the cultural resources around the site, it would be appropriate to turn the space into a shop selling local products made by the workshop ladies. The shop can also function as an educational platform to promote the village’s unique culture and their conservation work.

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Limitations: - Small (Approximate 11.5m2) - Pentagonal shape - Surrounded by taller houses Potential: - Close to Wai Chai Main Street - Located at a three-way intersection

Government land No. 5E

Right view

Front view

At night

Area 5a: A Healthy Morning Moment Area 5a is an isolated space and can only be accessed by going up a flight of stairs. In spite of this, it is a place frequented by elderly people in the village. The site is also close to the Picasso Blue House, a colourful house that is quite an attraction in the village.

With its frequent users and geographical context in mind, the proposal aims to create a free space for elderly people to exercise without blocking the view of the Picasso Blue House from below. The strategy is to eliminate objects that are underused currently, such as the ping pong tables, to create a free space for exercise. Greenery and art are incorporated to make the space more inviting and to harmonize it with the surrounding.

Strategy - Eliminate objects that take up a lot of space, such as ping-pong tables, to create space for exercises.

- By adding more lights, the space feels like a safe place to take a walk, take a rest and so on even at night.

Daytime

Pok Fu Lam Village sitting-out Area No. 1

Daytime

Nighttime

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Area 5b: Tie & Dye The Village This design proposes an outdoor workshop and sitting place for villagers in this vacant area, Sitting-out Area No. 1. There are some planters and a well located next to it. The well is no long in use and is covered up most of the time. The site is not frequented by villagers and few people know about the well. Villagers have collaborated with university student researchers before and have found that the water from the well is actually not contaminated and safe to use. Considering this, as well as the tie dye activities happening at the Village Craft Ladies Workshop, the scheme proposes transforming Area 5b into an outdoor tie dye workshop. Not only can the craft ladies make use of the water on site, they can also display their tie dye and hold workshops there. When there are no activities, the space serves as an open space for rest.

Needs of the villagers - Villagers request for an outdoor space for their tie-dye craftworks - Villagers need a sitting place

Pok Fu Lam Village sitting-out Area No. 1

Strategy - Use the well on the site to provide water for craft work - Merge the bench and planter for extra space and convenience - Use advantage of the open place so that people can easily become interested in and participate in workshops

Plan view

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Perspective view

Daily: Resting area

Perspective view

Workshop in progress

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Area 6: Land of Lu Ban The objective of the design is to create a space for crafting and another gathering space on the other side of the village, similar to Choi Yuen Tei. Lu Ban is the patron of builders and inventors in Chinese. The project under his name has an auspicious meaning to grant creativity and safety to creators in the studio.

Design aim: - To provide space suitable for crafting studio (Upcycling) - To have sufficient space for material storage of craftsmen - To provide a gathering space other than Choi Yuen Tei - Sustainable energy and construction

Due to the geographic limitation of area 6, materials planned to be portable and easy to be found in Pok Fu Lam Village, such as bamboo, corrugated iron board, etc. The design also strives to achieve selfsustaining principles. Bamboo is the major material used to build up the entire structure. The bamboo is cut in half to carry rain water to the water harvesting system placed underground. Solar energy is the main energy source benefiting from the abundance of sunlight.

The structure is designed to be dismantable and materials can be reused after demolition, and thus, only a single unit of material could be removed when repair is necessary.

Government land No. 8D

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- Eco-friendly materials - Materials which can be easily transported to site - Detachable construction (Reuse material) - Water harvesting - Solar energy - Echo with the Fire Dragon Bamboo Shelter - Connect with the Ladies’ Workshop

A’

Isometric

Section AA’

Plan view

Water harvest system

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Closing Remarks Ms. Sylvia Ng Lecturer, Department of Environment, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Co-Principal Investigator of IWUL 2021

It is THEi’s honour to be the host of IWUL for the first time this year. 2021 has been another Covid challenged year so the workshop and seminars were conducted entirely online. The project team tried to bring the workshop site, Pokfulam Village, closer to everyone in the world through prepared videos; live lectures; live design charrettes via online tools like Zoom and Conceptboard. IWUL 2021 was concluded with physical and virtual exhibitions; book publication and village souvenirs to all participants.

With this year’s topic being “Resilient Cities”, we chose a workshop site that is “resilient” in its truest sense. Being a citizen of HK for so many years, I have not met this many genuine and friendly individuals who cares about their neighbourhood as I have acquainted with at Pokfulam Village. Through the inherent issues on flooding, sewage, and hygiene, I witnessed these negative issues becoming positive energy which galvanized the relationships among the villagers.

Another year of virtual IWUL

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Pokfulam Village Festival (Source: Ann So)

Students visiting Pokfulam Village to learn from a Drainage Services Department Officer about the latest rain water drains improvement works

Turnip harvest before Lunar New Year and a dinner gathering among villagers in Pokfulam Village (Source: Ann So)

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In the face of environmental and economic threats, the villagers sustain through demonstrating their honest and simple way of life. Throughout the years, they are in tune with the seasons and adaptive to nature. They build and repair their own houses, roads; clean their drains as a collective effort; till their land; grow their own vegetables, fruit trees; make their own compost as fertilisers and cleansing enzymes. Bestowing their stories of the village and heritage to their new generation and sustain the unique traditions through village festivals and the activities with their Craft Ladies and Lo Pan Workshops. It is a place for kids to have endless exploration; a place to build your own dream and a place for elderly to have a healthy network of friends.

Post workshop, we have further explored community driven design in a design studio. For 3 months, students actively engaged with villagers and had more in-depth studies and proposals on the approaches to the heritage sites; tackled issues on walkability for the elderly in the village. Engaged with local bamboo and wood craftsman, students have designed and built mock-ups of notice boards and foldable wall-mounted seats for the villagers. Students have also worked with Caritas, a local social support organization, and the Pokfulam Village Cultural Landscape Conservation Group on drafting up future landscape masterplans for reviving the Dairy Farm Company heritage.

As mentioned by Caritas, Pokfulam Village has taught us the meaning of “value”. “Value” is not merely the dollars and cents but the importance of being human; a kind neighbor; and a caring citizen.

A site model of Wai Chai Main Street

啦 茶

$400M 牛屎湖

牛棚

李靈仙姐塔

$600M 薄扶林村 居民 業餘遊樂社

$500M

幫緊你 幫緊你

九十七號屋

Front of card

機會 $300M

Front of card

水井頭

牛奶公司宿舍

$400M

$400M

交易卡 (85x56mm)

Back of card

薄扶林村

POKFULAM VILLAGE

FIVE HUNDRED MILLION

500M

五 億 （五 碼 ）

草蘆

1M

薄扶林村

牛奶瓶

薄扶林村

薄扶林村

POKFULAM VILLAGE

POKFULAM VILLAGE

POKFULAM VILLAGE

50M

FIFTY MILLION

100M

HUNDRED MILLION

一億 （ 一碼 ）

薄扶林村

五千 萬 （五 針 ）

POKFULAM VILLAGE

100M

薄扶林村

薄扶林村

5M

POKFULAM VILLAGE

POKFULAM VILLAGE

TEN MILLION

10M

FIVE MILLION

5M

一 千萬 （ 一針 ）

你 唔 條 好 渠 意 塞 思 唔左 啊

福利 草廬

$300M

五 百萬 （ 五球 ）

牛奶工人 服務部 街市

$200M

Back of card

村尾伯公壇

$300M

角色卡 (85x56mm)

街市紅燈

水井

井

聖筊

棋子 (20x30mm)

$300M

草帽

畢加索藍屋

20M

$600M

機會

貨幣 (80x48mm)

$700M

000M

喂 助$2 啦 修補 行拎古蹟維

記得 經過

棋盤 (590x590mm)

1M

ONE MILLION

$500M

火龍棚

龍眼頭

TWENTY MILLION

福利

士多

$400M

古蹟維修

薄扶林村 街坊福利會 胡社生堂

置富伯公壇 大伯公壇 大蕭家後花園

$600M

500M

50M

$300

$500M

圍仔大街 古蹟維修 火龍壁畫

二千 萬 （兩 針 ）

機會

20M 一 百萬 （ 一球 ）

$300M

新華茶樓

前聖伯多祿 診療站

飲

$500M 上海街

菜園地伯公壇

$200M

村姑工房

$300M

$500M

$300M 牛奶公司 門口遺址 福利

渠務處施工

喂

A role play by students to present their understanding of the site $300M

Students presentation to Pokfulam Villagers

10M

Some of the studio work produced by THEi Bachelor’s Degree in Landscape Architecture Year 3 students (from right to left: site sketches in scrolls, board game, model)

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1st Post-workshop Exhibition

The first exhibition took place at THEi Exhibition Hall from October 11 -15, where the baseline studies and design schemes proposed by students during IWUL 2021 were showcased. In addition to that, it also featured works in progress done by Year 3 students of THEi’s Bachelor’s in Landscape Architecture programme. Two Pokfulam villagers and key members of the Pokfulam Village Cultural Landscape Conservation Group, Aaron and Jenny, joined the opening event. Fellow partners from Chulalongkorn University also showed up via video call. Prof. Leslie Chen and Dr. Yin Lun Chan passionately expressed their visions on the topic of resilient cities, while students presented their ‘PFL Monopoly game’ and ‘scenario plays’ via white boards and interactive media walls to Aaron and Jenny. The exhibition was then moved to the Galleria of the Landscape Studio. A 360 virtual exhibition was produced so that overseas partners and interested parties can access the workshop outcomes.

Dr. Yin Lun Chan giving a warm welcoming speech

Interactive media walls showing the cultural map of Pokfulam Village

Partners from Chulalongkorn University joining the opening via video call

Students presenting their studio work to Pokfulam Villagers

The exhibition also had an online presence

Resilient Cities International Workshop on Urban Landscape 2021 - Pokfulam Village, Hong Kong

Published by:

The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Department of Environment | Landscape Architecture

Date:

November 2021

Editorial team:

Monica Chong, Sylvia Ng

Student helpers:

Ada Chung, Anthon Hui, Howie Kong, Janice Fung, Julie Chu, Magnus Leung, Indy Tang

Acknowledgment:

Video crew | Sound Color Productions Interviewees | Aaron Wong, Spencer Lau, Ann So, Nigel Ko, Jenny, Ling Ling, Sa Lei Caritas | Kim Wong, Wendy Lo

Organized by

Partners

UL IW 21 20

Special thanks to

Caritas Community Development Service Pokfulam Community Development Project

Resilient Cities International Workshop on Urban Landscape 2021 Pokfulam Village, Hong Kong The work described in this book was fully supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (UGC/IIDS25/E01/20).