Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribu by Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, Amritha Thankachan,Chalapathi k, M .Inayathulla

ABSTRACT: The IDF Curves accessible are for the most part done by fitting arrangement of yearly greatest precipitation force to parametric dispersions. Intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves represent the relationship between storm intensity, storm duration and return period. Environmental change is relied upon to intensify the boundaries in the atmosphere factors. Being prone to harsh climate impacts, it is very crucial to study extreme rainfall-induced ﬂooding for short durations over regions that are rapidly growing. One way to approach the extremes is by the application of the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves. The annual maximum rainfall intensity (AMRI) characteristics are often used to construct these IDF curves that are being used in several infrastructure designs for urban areas. Thus, there is a necessity to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall information. Many urban areas of developing countries lack long records of short-duration rainfall. The shortest duration obtained is normally at a daily scale/24 h. Thus, it is very crucial to ﬁnd a methodology to construct IDF curves for short-duration rainfall (sub-daily) for these urban areas. The fast extension of urban area that does not have adequate preparedness to cope with climate change is certainly a big risk to life and economy. The study region lies in Karnataka India. The sub-daily IDF curves for current and future climate for the region were constructed from 1 to 24 h based on the Normal Distribution approach. Rainfall data of 23 (Twenty three) hydrological years of all stations were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by Normal Distribution method. Finally Equations were developed for different return periods. Key words: Climate change, Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF), Normal Distribution, Rainfall Duration.

I. INTRODUCTION Precipitation extremes are expected to increase in intensity and frequency over many regions in the world due to global warming. In urban areas, which are typically characterized by signiﬁcantly higher population density, climate change is likely to exacerbate and compound existing vulnerabilities, especially for the urban poor.

Revised Manuscript Received on November 06, 2019. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Amritha Thankachan, Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Chalapathi k, Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Therefore, there is a need to know the extent of increasing extreme rainfall for combating climate change impacts and for strategic planning. This study is one of the few to assess climate change impacts on short-duration maximum rainfall over urbanized areas in a developing country. Rainfall intensities of different frequencies and durations are the fundamental inputs in hydrologic risk analyses and design. These data are normally used when designing urban infrastructures such as culverts and storm water drainage systems. Finding suitable distributions, regardless of parametric or nonparametric distributions, to fit rainfall data has long been a subject of interest in various fields of study including hydrology, meteorology, economy and agriculture. Several studies have been conducted to find the best-fit distribution for rainfall data using various parameter estimation methods such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and L-moments. However, determining the best-fit distribution is usually tedious, complex and subjective. This is due to the different rankings provided by different goodness-of-fit indices being used in the study. Therefore, there is a need to know the extent of increasing extreme rainfall for combating climate change impacts and for strategic planning. Degradation of water quality, property damage and potential loss of life due to flooding is caused by extreme rainfall events. The relation between rainfall and runoff is influenced by various storm and basin characteristics. Because of these complexities and the frequent paucity of adequate runoff data, many approximate formulae have been developed to relate rainfall and runoff. The earliest of these formulae were usually empirical statements. II. MATERIALS AND METHODS A. Study Area The study area geographically lies between 750 29’ 19” E and 760 37’ 40” E longitude and 110 55’ 54” N and 13 0 23’ 12.8” N latitude, as shown in Figure 1, the study area has an area of 10874.65 Sq km. The maximum length and width of the study area is approximately equal to 143.73 km and 96.75 km respectively. The maximum and minimum elevation of the basin is 1867 m and 714 m above MSL, respectively.

M .Inayathulla, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Email: parvezuvce@gmail.com

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4480

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution Fourthy three raingauge stations namely kushalnagar, malalur, mallipatna, nuggehalli, periyapatna, ponnampet, sakaleshpur, salagame, shantigrama, arehalli, arkalgud, basavapatna, bettadapura, bilur, channenahally, chikkamagalur, doddabemmatti, galibidu, gonibeedu, gorur, hagare,halllibailu, hallimysore, harangi, hassan, hosakere, hunsur, kechamanna hosakote, naladi, shantebachahalli, belur, belagodu, javali, talakavery, shravanabelagola, siddapura, srimangala, sukravarsanthe, krishnarajpet, virajpet and yelawala were considered as shown in Figure 2.

Pt = P24

1 3

(Equation A)

where, Pt is the required rainfall depth in mm at t-hr duration, P24 is the daily rainfall in mm and t is the duration of rainfall for which the rainfall depth is required in hr. Twenty three years (1995-2017) rainfall data was used for the estimation of Short duration rainfall by using above equation for various stations as tabulated in Table 1 to Table 3. Table 1 shows the tabulation of short duration rainfall of station Gonibeedu. Table 2 shows the tabulation of short duration rainfall of station Hagare. Table 3 shows the tabulation of short duration rainfall of station Nuggehalli. Similarly the short duration rainfall was tabulated for the remaining forty stations. Normal Distribution was applied for the above estimated short duration rainfall to obtain the maximum depth and maximum intensity for various durations of all the stations and a graph of maximum intensity against the duration was plotted for different return periods [9]. Using this values IDF equation for various durations and return period was generated for all the stations and is tabulated in the Table 21. C. Normal distribution Normal probability distribution, also called Gaussian distribution refers to a family of distributions that are bell shaped. The PDF for a normal random variable x is đ?‘“ đ?‘Ľ =

1 đ?œŽ 2đ?œ‹

exp âˆ’

1 đ?‘Ľâˆ’Âľ 2 2

đ?œŽ

(Equation B) Where exp is the exponential function with base e = 2.718. Âľ is the mean and Ďƒ the standard deviation. 1/ (Ďƒâˆš (2Ď€)) is a constant factor that makes the area under the curve of f(x) from -âˆž to âˆž equal to 1. The curve of f(x) is symmetric with respect to x = Âľ because the exponent is quadratic. Hence for Âľ = 0 it is symmetric with respect to the y-axis x = 0. The frequency factor for normal distribution is given by đ?‘Ľ âˆ’đ?œ‡ đ?‘˜ đ?‘‡ = đ?‘‡ . This is same as the standard normal variate z i.e., đ?œŽ frequency factor đ?‘˜ đ?‘‡ = z(Kreyszig, 2006

Figure 1 Location Map of Study Area

Figure 2 Location of raingauge stations B. Methodology Equation A was used for the estimation of various duration like 5minutes, 10minutes, 15minutes, 30minutes,1-hr, 2-hr, 6hr, 12-hr rainfall values from annual maximum values[4].

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

đ?œŽ>0

4481

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS A. Estimation of Short Duration Rainfall Table 1 Short duration rainfall for Gonibeedu Year

Rainfall (mm) Duration in minutes

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

89.00 134.00 130.00 100.00 106.00 165.00 91.00 78.20 64.30 116.30 119.00 113.80 253.00 146.00 161.00 102.00 136.00 64.00 130.00 87.00 106.00 76.00 75.20

đ???đ?? = đ???đ?&#x;?đ?&#x;’

đ??

đ?&#x;? đ?&#x;‘

đ?&#x;?đ?&#x;’

in mm where, time t is in hours

120

720

1440

13.477 20.291 19.685 15.143 16.051 24.985 13.780 11.842 9.737 17.611 18.020 17.232 38.311 22.108 24.380 15.446 20.594 9.691 19.685 13.174 16.051 11.508 11.387

16.980 25.565 24.802 19.079 20.223 31.480 17.362 14.919 12.268 22.188 22.704 21.711 48.269 27.855 30.717 19.460 25.947 12.210 24.802 16.598 20.223 14.500 14.347

19.437 29.265 28.391 21.840 23.150 36.035 19.874 17.078 14.043 25.399 25.989 24.853 55.254 31.886 35.162 22.276 29.702 13.977 28.391 19.000 23.150 16.598 16.423

24.489 36.872 35.771 27.516 29.167 45.401 25.040 21.518 17.693 32.001 32.744 31.313 69.616 40.173 44.301 28.066 37.422 17.610 35.771 23.939 29.167 20.912 20.692

30.855 46.455 45.068 34.668 36.748 57.202 31.548 27.110 22.292 40.319 41.255 39.452 87.710 50.615 55.816 35.361 47.149 22.188 45.068 30.161 36.748 26.348 26.070

38.874 58.530 56.783 43.679 46.300 72.070 39.748 34.157 28.086 50.799 51.978 49.707 110.508 63.771 70.323 44.553 59.403 27.955 56.783 38.001 46.300 33.196 32.847

70.639 106.356 103.181 79.370 84.132 130.961 72.227 62.067 51.035 92.307 94.450 90.323 200.806 115.880 127.786 80.957 107.943 50.797 103.181 69.052 84.132 60.321 59.686

89.000 134.000 130.000 100.000 106.000 165.000 91.000 78.200 64.300 116.300 119.000 113.800 253.000 146.000 161.000 102.000 136.000 64.000 130.000 87.000 106.000 76.000 75.200

Table 2 Short duration rainfall for Hagare Year

Rainfall (mm)

Duration in minutes

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

34.00 60.00 61.00 95.00 89.00 67.80 56.10 67.00 78.00 44.00 42.20 54.80 51.10 110.40 72.40 103.00 56.20 60.80 44.20 62.00 59.40

đ???đ?? = đ???đ?&#x;?đ?&#x;’

đ?? đ?&#x;?đ?&#x;’

đ?&#x;? đ?&#x;‘

in mm where, time t is in hours

120

720

1440

5.149 9.086 9.237 14.386 13.477 10.267 8.495 10.146 11.811 6.663 6.390 8.298 7.738 16.717 10.963 15.597 8.510 9.207 6.693 9.388 8.995

6.487 11.447 11.638 18.125 16.980 12.935 10.703 12.783 14.881 8.395 8.051 10.455 9.749 21.063 13.813 19.651 10.722 11.600 8.433 11.829 11.333

7.425 13.104 13.322 20.748 19.437 14.807 12.252 14.632 17.035 9.609 9.216 11.968 11.160 24.111 15.812 22.495 12.274 13.278 9.653 13.540 12.973

9.355 16.510 16.785 26.140 24.489 18.656 15.437 18.436 21.463 12.107 11.612 15.079 14.061 30.378 19.922 28.342 15.464 16.730 12.162 17.060 16.345

11.787 20.801 21.148 32.935 30.855 23.505 19.449 23.228 27.041 15.254 14.630 18.998 17.715 38.274 25.100 35.708 19.483 21.078 15.323 21.494 20.593

14.851 26.207 26.644 41.495 38.874 29.614 24.504 29.265 34.070 19.219 18.433 23.936 22.320 48.222 31.624 44.989 24.548 26.557 19.306 27.081 25.945

26.986 47.622 48.416 75.402 70.639 53.813 44.527 53.178 61.909 34.923 33.494 43.495 40.558 87.625 57.464 81.751 44.606 48.257 35.082 49.209 47.146

34.000 60.000 61.000 95.000 89.000 67.800 56.100 67.000 78.000 44.000 42.200 54.800 51.100 110.400 72.400 103.000 56.200 60.800 44.200 62.000 59.400

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4482

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution 2016 2017

40.00 79.00

6.057 11.963

7.631 15.072

8.736 17.253

11.006 21.738

13.867 27.388

17.472 34.506

31.748 62.702

40.000 79.000

Table 3 Short duration rainfall for Nuggehalli Year

Rainfall (mm) Duration in minutes

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

62.40 98.40 118.40 43.80 62.40 66.80 56.40 60.80 65.40 56.40 100.70 57.80 62.20 55.40 54.60 124.80 73.20 48.60 61.20 60.60 146.80 60.80 150.60

đ???đ?? = đ???đ?&#x;?đ?&#x;’

đ?? đ?&#x;?đ?&#x;’

đ?&#x;? đ?&#x;‘

in mm where, time t is in hours

120

720

1440

9.449 14.900 17.929 6.632 9.449 10.115 8.540 9.207 9.903 8.540 15.249 8.752 9.419 8.389 8.268 18.898 11.084 7.359 9.267 9.176 22.229 9.207 22.805

11.905 18.773 22.589 8.356 11.905 12.744 10.760 11.600 12.477 10.760 19.212 11.027 11.867 10.570 10.417 23.810 13.966 9.272 11.676 11.562 28.007 11.600 28.732

13.628 21.490 25.858 9.566 13.628 14.589 12.317 13.278 14.283 12.317 21.992 12.623 13.584 12.099 11.924 27.256 15.987 10.614 13.366 13.235 32.060 13.278 32.890

17.170 27.076 32.579 12.052 17.170 18.381 15.519 16.730 17.996 15.519 27.709 15.904 17.115 15.244 15.024 34.340 20.142 13.373 16.840 16.675 40.394 16.730 41.439

21.633 34.113 41.047 15.185 21.633 23.158 19.553 21.078 22.673 19.553 34.911 20.038 21.564 19.206 18.929 43.266 25.377 16.849 21.217 21.009 50.893 21.078 52.210

27.256 42.980 51.716 19.131 27.256 29.178 24.635 26.557 28.566 24.635 43.985 25.246 27.168 24.198 23.849 54.511 31.973 21.228 26.732 26.469 64.121 26.557 65.781

49.527 78.100 93.974 34.764 49.527 53.019 44.765 48.257 51.908 44.765 79.926 45.876 49.368 43.971 43.336 99.054 58.099 38.574 48.574 48.098 116.515 48.257 119.531

62.400 98.400 118.400 43.800 62.400 66.800 56.400 60.800 65.400 56.400 100.700 57.800 62.200 55.400 54.600 124.800 73.200 48.600 61.200 60.600 146.800 60.800 150.600

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4483

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

Figure 3 IDF curves for Arehalli Station

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019Â©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4484

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution

Figure 4 IDF curves for Arkalgud Station

Table 4 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Hagare Station Dur atio n in min utes

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfal l Intensit y (mm/hr )

Rainf all Dept h(mm )

Rainf all Intens ity (mm/ hr)

Rainf all Dept h(mm )

Rainf all Intens ity (mm/ hr)

Rainf all Depth (mm)

Rainfall Depth( mm)

Rainfall Intensity (mm/hr)

Rainfal l Depth( mm)

Rainfall Intensity (mm/hr)

Rainfal l Depth( mm)

11.904

142.844

12.199

146.386

12.284

147.40 5

12.33 1

147.9 74

12.34 6

148.1 57

12.35 1

148.217

12.35 4

148.246

14.998

89.986

15.370

92.218

15.477

92.859

15.53 6

93.21 8

15.55 5

93.33 3

15.56 2

93.371

15.56 5

93.389

17.168

68.672

17.594

70.375

17.716

70.865

17.78 5

71.13 8

17.80 7

71.22 6

17.81 4

71.255

17.81 7

71.269

21.630

43.261

22.167

44.334

22.321

44.642

22.40 7

44.81 4

22.43 5

44.87 0

22.44 4

44.888

22.44 8

44.897

27.253

27.928

28.123

28.23 1

28.26 6

28.27 8

28.278

28.28 3

28.283

34.336

17.168

35.188

17.594

35.432

17.716

35.56 9

17.78 5

35.61 3

17.80 7

35.62 8

17.814

35.63 5

17.817

62.393

5.199

63.940

5.328

64.385

5.365

64.63 4

5.386

64.71 3

5.393

64.74 0

5.395

64.75 3

5.396

78.610

3.275

80.560

3.357

81.120

3.380

81.43 3

3.393

81.53 4

3.397

81.56 7

3.399

81.58 3

3.399

5 10 15 30 60

Rainfall Intensity (mm/hr)

Return period 100 yrs

Rainfa ll Depth( mm)

Rainfall Intensity (mm/hr)

120

720

144 0

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4485

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019 Table 5 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Nuggehalli Station Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

42.608

177.2 56 111.6 65 85.21 6 53.68 3 33.81 8 21.30 4

77.424 97.548

14.771

18.611

21.304

26.841

33.818

120 720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

43.923

182.7 25 115.1 10 87.84 5 55.33 9 34.86 1 21.96 1

6.452

79.813

4.064

100.558

15.227 19.185 21.961 27.670 34.861

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

44.301

184.2 98 116.1 01 88.60 1 55.81 5 35.16 1 22.15 0

6.651

80.500

4.190

101.423

15.358 19.350 22.150 27.908 35.161

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

44.512

185.1 76 116.6 54 89.02 4 56.08 1 35.32 9 22.25 6

6.708

80.883

4.226

101.907

15.431 19.442 22.256 28.041 35.329

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

44.580

185.4 59 116.8 32 89.15 9 56.16 7 35.38 3 22.29 0

6.740

81.007

4.246

102.062

15.455 19.472 22.290 28.083 35.383

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

44.602

185.5 52 116.8 90 89.20 4 56.19 5 35.40 1 22.30 1

6.751

81.047

4.253

102.113

15.463 19.482 22.301 28.097 35.401

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

44.613

185.5 97 116.9 19 89.22 6 56.20 9 35.40 9 22.30 7

6.754

81.067

6.756

4.255

102.138

4.256

15.466 19.487 22.307 28.104 35.409

Table 6 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Basavapatna Station Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

33.212

34.016

34.247

34.376

34.417

143.1 81 90.19 9 68.83 5 43.36 3 27.31 7 17.20 9

34.431

143.2 38 90.23 5 68.86 2 43.38 0 27.32 8 17.21 5

34.438

143.2 66 90.25 2 68.87 5 43.38 9 27.33 3 17.21 9

60.350

5.029

61.811

5.151

62.230

5.186

62.465

5.205

62.540

5.212

62.565

5.214

62.577

5.215

76.037

3.168

77.876

3.245

78.405

3.267

78.701

3.279

78.796

3.283

78.827

3.284

78.843

3.285

26.360

120

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

143.0 09 90.09 0 68.75 2 43.31 1 27.28 4 17.18 8

20.922

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

142.4 72 89.75 2 68.49 3 43.14 8 27.18 2 17.12 3

16.606

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

141.5 11 89.14 6 68.03 1 42.85 7 26.99 8 17.00 8

14.507

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

138.1 68 87.04 0 66.42 4 41.84 5 26.36 0 16.60 6

11.514

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Return period 100 yrs

11.793 14.858 17.008 21.429 26.998

11.873 14.959 17.123 21.574 27.182

11.917 15.015 17.188 21.655 27.284

11.932 15.033 17.209 21.682 27.317

11.937 15.039 17.215 21.690 27.328

11.939 15.042 17.219 21.694 27.333

Table 7 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Belagodu Station Durati on

minute s

Return period 2 yrs Rainfall Rainfa Depth(m ll m) Intensi ty (mm/h r)

15.688

188.2 59

Return period 5 yrs Rainfall Rainfa Depth(m ll m) Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.149

193.7 82

Return period 10 yrs Rainfall Rainfa Depth(m ll m) Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.281

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

195.3 70

Return period 25 yrs Rainfall Rainfa Depth(m ll m) Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.355

4486

196.2 57

Return period 50 yrs Rainfall Rainfa Depth(m ll m) Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.379

196.5 43

Return period 75 yrs Rainfall Rainfa Depth(m ll m) Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.386

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

196.6 36

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Rainfa Depth(m ll m) Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.390

196.6 82

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution 10 15 30 60 120 720 144 0

19.766

118.59 6

20.346

122.07 5

20.513

123.07 6

20.606

123.63 5

20.636

123.81 4

20.646

123.87 3

20.650

123.90 2

22.626

90.505

23.290

93.161

23.481

93.924

23.588

94.351

23.622

94.488

23.633

94.533

23.639

94.555

28.507

57.015

29.344

58.688

29.584

59.169

29.719

59.437

29.762

59.524

29.776

59.552

29.783

59.566

35.917

36.971

37.274

37.443

37.498

37.515

37.524

45.253

22.626

46.580

23.290

46.962

23.481

47.175

23.588

47.244

23.622

47.266

23.633

47.278

23.639

82.230

6.852

84.642

7.054

85.336

7.111

85.723

7.144

85.848

7.154

85.889

7.157

85.909

7.159

103.60 3

4.317

106.64 2

4.443

107.51 7

4.480

108.00 5

4.500

108.16 2

4.507

108.21 3

4.509

108.23 9

4.510

Table 8 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Arkalgud Station Durati on

minute s

5 10

15 30 60 120 720 1440

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

15.425

146.9 11 92.54 8

17.657

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

15.818

150.6 54 94.90 6

70.628

18.107

22.246

44.493

28.029

35.314

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

15.931

151.7 30 95.58 4

72.427

18.236

22.813

45.626

28.743

17.657

36.213

64.169

5.347

80.848

3.369

12.243

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

15.994

152.3 31 95.96 3

72.944

18.308

22.976

45.952

28.948

18.107

36.472

65.804

5.484

82.908

3.455

12.554

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.014

152.5 24 96.08 5

73.233

18.332

23.067

46.134

29.063

18.236

36.617

66.274

5.523

83.500

3.479

12.644

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.021

152.5 88 96.12 5

73.326

18.339

23.096

46.193

29.100

18.308

36.663

66.537

5.545

83.831

3.493

12.694

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

16.024

152.6 19 96.14 4

73.357

18.343

73.372

23.106

46.212

23.111

46.221

29.112

29.118

18.332

36.678

18.339

36.686

18.343

66.621

5.552

66.649

5.554

66.663

5.555

83.938

3.497

83.972

3.499

83.990

3.500

12.710

12.716

12.718

Table 9 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Bettadapura Station Durati on in minute s

5 10 15 30 60 120 720 1440

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

32.480

135.1 24 85.12 3 64.96 1 40.92 3 25.78 0 16.24 0

33.256

138.3 50 87.15 5 66.51 2 41.90 0 26.39 5 16.62 8

33.479

139.2 77 87.73 9 66.95 8 42.18 1 26.57 2 16.73 9

33.603

139.7 96 88.06 6 67.20 7 42.33 8 26.67 1 16.80 2

33.643

139.9 62 88.17 1 67.28 7 42.38 8 26.70 3 16.82 2

33.657

140.0 17 88.20 5 67.31 3 42.40 5 26.71 3 16.82 8

33.663

140.0 44 88.22 2 67.32 6 42.41 3 26.71 8 16.83 2

59.021

4.918

60.430

5.036

60.835

5.070

61.061

5.088

61.134

5.095

61.158

5.097

61.170

5.097

74.361

3.098

76.137

3.172

76.647

3.194

76.933

3.206

77.024

3.209

77.054

3.211

77.069

3.211

11.260 14.187 16.240 20.461 25.780

11.529 14.526 16.628 20.950 26.395

11.606 14.623 16.739 21.090 26.572

11.650 14.678 16.802 21.169 26.671

11.664 14.695 16.822 21.194 26.703

11.668 14.701 16.828 21.202 26.713

Table 10 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Bilur Station

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4487

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

11.670 14.704 16.832 21.206 26.718

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019 Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

166.931

382.1 76 240.7 56 183.7 31 115.7 43 72.91 4 45.93 3 13.91 1

210.320

8.763

31.848

40.126

45.933

57.872

72.914

120 720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

91.866

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

172.114

394.0 42 248.2 31 189.4 36 119.3 37 75.17 8 47.35 9 14.34 3

216.850

9.035

32.837 41.372 47.359 59.669 75.178 94.718

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

173.604

397.4 54 250.3 81 191.0 76 120.3 70 75.82 9 47.76 9 14.46 7

218.727

9.114

33.121 41.730 47.769 60.185 75.829 95.538

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

174.437

399.3 60 251.5 81 191.9 92 120.9 48 76.19 2 47.99 8 14.53 6

219.776

9.157

33.280 41.930 47.998 60.474 76.192 95.996

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

174.704

399.9 72 251.9 67 192.2 87 121.1 33 76.30 9 48.07 2 14.55 9

220.113

9.171

33.331 41.995 48.072 60.567 76.309 96.143

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

174.792

400.1 73 252.0 94 192.3 84 121.1 94 76.34 7 48.09 6 14.56 6

174.835

400.2 73 252.1 57 192.4 31 121.2 24 76.36 6 48.10 8 14.57 0

220.224

9.176

220.279

9.178

33.348 42.016 48.096 60.597 76.347 96.192

33.356 42.026 48.108 60.612 76.366 96.216

Table 11 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Channenahally Station Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

36.800

37.816

38.108

38.272

38.324

159.4 34 100.4 37 76.64 8 48.28 5 30.41 8 19.16 2

38.341

159.5 06 100.4 83 76.68 3 48.30 7 30.43 1 19.17 1

38.350

159.5 41 100.5 05 76.70 0 48.31 8 30.43 8 19.17 5

66.871

5.573

68.717

5.726

69.248

5.771

69.544

5.795

69.639

5.803

69.671

5.806

69.686

5.807

84.252

3.510

86.578

3.607

87.246

3.635

87.620

3.651

87.740

3.656

87.780

3.657

87.799

3.658

29.208

120

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

159.2 16 100.3 00 76.54 3 48.21 9 30.37 6 19.13 6

23.183

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

158.5 37 99.87 2 76.21 7 48.01 4 30.24 7 19.05 4

18.400

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

157.3 22 99.10 7 75.63 3 47.64 6 30.01 5 18.90 8

16.074

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

153.0 96 96.44 4 73.60 1 46.36 6 29.20 8 18.40 0

12.758

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Return period 100 yrs

13.110 16.518 18.908 23.823 30.015

13.211 16.645 19.054 24.007 30.247

13.268 16.717 19.136 24.110 30.376

13.286 16.740 19.162 24.143 30.418

13.292 16.747 19.171 24.153 30.431

13.295 16.751 19.175 24.159 30.438

Table 12 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Chikkamangalore Station Durati on in minute s

5 10 15 30

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

11.791 14.856 17.006 21.426

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

141.4 93 89.13 5 68.02 3 42.85 2

12.018 15.141 17.332 21.837

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

144.2 11 90.84 8 69.33 0 43.67 5

12.083 15.223 17.426 21.956

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

144.9 93 91.34 0 69.70 5 43.91 2

12.119 15.269 17.479 22.022

4488

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

145.4 29 91.61 5 69.91 5 44.04 4

12.131 15.284 17.496 22.043

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

145.5 70 91.70 3 69.98 3 44.08 6

12.135 15.289 17.501 22.050

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

145.6 16 91.73 2 70.00 5 44.10 0

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

12.137 15.291 17.504 22.054

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

145.6 38 91.74 7 70.01 6 44.10 7

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution 60 120 720 1440

34.011

26.99 5 17.00 6

61.803 77.867

26.995

34.665

27.51 3 17.33 2

5.150

62.990

3.244

79.363

27.513

34.853

27.66 3 17.42 6

5.249

63.331

3.307

79.793

27.663

34.958

27.74 6 17.47 9

5.278

63.522

3.325

80.033

27.746

34.991

27.77 3 17.49 6

5.294

63.583

3.335

80.110

27.773

35.002

27.78 1 17.50 1

5.299

63.604

3.338

80.136

27.781

35.008

27.78 6 17.50 4

5.300

63.614

5.301

3.339

80.148

3.340

27.786

Table 13 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Periyapatna Station Durati on in minute s

5 10

15 30 60 120 720 1440

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

14.442

137.5 54 86.65 4

16.532 20.829

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

14.746

140.4 49 88.47 7

66.129

16.880

41.659

21.268

26.243

33.065 60.082 75.699

11.463

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

14.834

141.2 81 89.00 2

67.521

16.980

42.535

21.394

26.796

16.532

33.760

5.007

61.347

3.154

77.292

11.704

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

14.882

141.7 46 89.29 5

67.921

17.036

42.787

21.464

26.954

16.880

33.960

5.112

61.710

3.220

77.750

11.773

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

14.898

141.8 95 89.38 9

68.144

17.054

42.928

21.487

27.043

16.980

34.072

5.143

61.913

3.240

78.006

11.812

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

14.903

141.9 45 89.42 0

68.216

17.060

42.974

21.494

27.072

17.036

34.108

5.159

61.979

3.250

78.088

11.825

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

14.906

141.9 69 89.43 5

68.240

17.063

68.252

42.988

21.498

42.996

27.081

27.086

17.054

34.120

17.060

34.126

17.063

5.165

62.000

5.167

62.011

5.168

3.254

78.115

3.255

78.129

3.255

period

11.829

11.831

Table 14 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For PoonampetStation Durati on in minut es

5 10 15 30 60 120 720 144 0

Return period 2 yrs Rainfall Rainf Depth( all mm) Intens ity (mm/ hr) 346.9 28.912 47 218.5 36.427 63 166.7 41.699 95 105.0 52.537 74 66.19 66.193 3 41.69 83.397 9 12.62 151.543 9

Return period 5 yrs Rainfall Rainf Depth( all mm) Intens ity (mm/ hr) 359.3 29.942 05 226.3 37.725 49 172.7 43.184 36 108.8 54.409 17 68.55 68.550 0 43.18 86.368 4 13.07 156.941 8

Return period 10 yrs Rainfall Rainf Depth( all mm) Intens ity (mm/ hr) 362.8 30.238 59 228.5 38.098 87 174.4 43.611 45 109.8 54.947 93 69.22 69.228 8 43.61 87.222 1 13.20 158.494 8

Return period 25 yrs Rainfall Rainf Depth( all mm) Intens ity (mm/ hr) 364.8 30.404 44 229.8 38.306 38 175.3 43.850 99 110.4 55.247 94 69.60 69.607 7 43.85 87.700 0 13.28 159.361 0

Return period 50 yrs Rainfall Rainf Depth( all mm) Intens ity (mm/ hr) 365.4 30.457 82 230.2 38.373 40 175.7 43.926 06 110.6 55.344 88 69.72 69.729 9 43.92 87.853 6 13.30 159.639 3

Return period 75 yrs Rainfall Rainf Depth( all mm) Intens ity (mm/ hr) 365.6 30.474 92 230.3 38.395 72 175.8 43.952 07 110.7 55.376 51 69.76 69.769 9 43.95 87.903 2 13.31 159.731 1

Return 100 yrs Rainfall Depth( mm)

159.776

Rainf all Intens ity (mm/ hr) 365.7 95 230.4 37 175.8 56 110.7 83 69.78 9 43.96 4 13.31 5

190.932

197.734

199.689

200.782

201.133

201.248

201.305

8.388

7.956

8.239

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

8.320

4489

8.366

8.381

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

8.385

30.483 38.406 43.964 55.391 69.789 87.928

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019 Table 15 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Sakaleshpura Station Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

63.388

263.7 02 166.1 22 126.7 75 79.86 3 50.31 1 31.69 4

115.183 145.121

21.975

27.687

31.694

39.932

50.311

120 720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

64.998

270.4 02 170.3 43 129.9 96 81.89 2 51.58 9 32.49 9

9.599

118.109

6.047

148.808

22.534 28.390 32.499 40.946 51.589

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

65.461

272.3 28 171.5 57 130.9 22 82.47 6 51.95 6 32.73 1

9.842

118.951

6.200

149.868

22.694 28.593 32.731 41.238 51.956

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

65.720

273.4 05 172.2 34 131.4 39 82.80 2 52.16 2 32.86 0

9.913

119.421

6.245

150.461

22.784 28.706 32.860 41.401 52.162

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

65.803

273.7 50 172.4 52 131.6 06 82.90 6 52.22 8 32.90 1

9.952

119.572

6.269

150.651

22.813 28.742 32.901 41.453 52.228

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

65.830

273.8 64 172.5 24 131.6 60 82.94 1 52.24 9 32.91 5

9.964

119.621

6.277

150.713

22.822 28.754 32.915 41.470 52.249

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

65.844

273.9 20 172.5 59 131.6 87 82.95 8 52.26 0 32.92 2

9.968

119.646

9.970

6.280

150.744

6.281

22.827 28.760 32.922 41.479 52.260

Table 16 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Salagame Station Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

36.058

37.048

37.333

37.492

37.543

156.1 86 98.39 1 75.08 7 47.30 2 29.79 8 18.77 2

37.560

156.2 56 98.43 5 75.12 0 47.32 3 29.81 1 18.78 0

37.568

156.2 91 98.45 7 75.13 7 47.33 3 29.81 8 18.78 4

65.522

5.460

67.321

5.610

67.839

5.653

68.128

5.677

68.221

5.685

68.251

5.688

68.266

5.689

82.552

3.440

84.819

3.534

85.471

3.561

85.836

3.576

85.953

3.581

85.991

3.583

86.010

3.584

28.619

120

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

155.9 73 98.25 7 74.98 4 47.23 7 29.75 8 18.74 6

22.715

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

155.3 12 97.84 0 74.66 6 47.03 7 29.63 1 18.66 7

18.029

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

154.1 27 97.09 4 74.09 7 46.67 8 29.40 5 18.52 4

15.750

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

150.0 07 94.49 9 72.11 6 45.43 0 28.61 9 18.02 9

12.501

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Return period 100 yrs

12.844 16.182 18.524 23.339 29.405

12.943 16.307 18.667 23.518 29.631

12.998 16.376 18.746 23.619 29.758

13.016 16.399 18.772 23.651 29.798

13.021 16.406 18.780 23.661 29.811

13.024 16.410 18.784 23.667 29.818

Table 17 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Shantigrama Station Durati on in minute s

5 10 15 30

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

11.108 13.996 16.021 20.185

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

133.3 01 83.97 4 64.08 4 40.37 1

11.399 14.361 16.440 20.713

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

136.7 84 86.16 9 65.75 9 41.42 6

11.482 14.467 16.560 20.864

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

137.7 86 86.80 0 66.24 1 41.72 9

11.529 14.525 16.627 20.949

4490

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

138.3 45 87.15 2 66.51 0 41.89 8

11.544 14.544 16.649 20.976

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

138.5 25 87.26 6 66.59 6 41.95 3

11.549 14.550 16.656 20.985

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

138.5 84 87.30 3 66.62 4 41.97 1

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

11.551 14.554 16.660 20.990

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

138.6 13 87.32 1 66.63 8 41.98 0

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution 60

32.042

25.43 2 16.02 1

58.225 73.358

25.432

120 720 1440

32.880

26.09 7 16.44 0

4.852

59.746

3.057

75.275

26.097

33.120

26.28 8 16.56 0

4.979

60.184

3.136

75.827

26.288

33.255

26.39 4 16.62 7

5.015

60.428

3.159

76.135

26.394

33.298

26.42 9 16.64 9

5.036

60.507

3.172

76.233

26.429

33.312

26.44 0 16.65 6

5.042

60.532

3.176

76.266

26.440

33.319

26.44 6 16.66 0

5.044

60.545

5.045

3.178

76.282

3.178

26.446

Table 18 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Hunsur Station Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

17.955

149.3 91 94.11 1 71.82 0

18.427

22.622 28.502

45.244

23.217

28.502

29.251

35.910

17.955

65.253 82.213

15.685

30 60 120 720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

153.3 21 96.58 6 73.70 9

12.449

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

18.563

154.4 51 97.29 8 74.25 2

46.434

23.388

29.251

29.467

36.855

18.427

5.438

66.969

3.426

84.376

12.777 16.098

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

18.639

155.0 82 97.69 6 74.55 6

46.776

23.484

29.467

29.587

37.126

18.563

5.581

67.463

3.516

84.998

12.871 16.216

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

18.663

155.2 85 97.82 3 74.65 3

46.967

23.514

29.587

29.626

37.278

18.639

5.622

67.738

3.542

85.345

12.923 16.283

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

18.671

155.3 51 97.86 5 74.68 5

47.029

23.524

29.626

29.639

37.327

18.663

5.645

67.827

3.556

85.457

12.940 16.304

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

18.675

155.3 84 97.88 6 74.70 1

47.049

23.529

47.059

29.639

29.645

37.343

18.671

37.351

18.675

5.652

67.856

5.655

67.870

5.656

3.561

85.493

3.562

85.511

3.563

12.946 16.311

12.949 16.314

Table 19 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Kushalnagar Station Durati on

minute s

5 10 15 30 60 120 720 1440

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Return period 100 yrs Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

31.726

131.9 85 83.14 6 63.45 2 39.97 2 25.18 1 15.86 3

32.374

134.6 81 84.84 4 64.74 8 40.78 9 25.69 5 16.18 7

32.560

135.4 57 85.33 3 65.12 1 41.02 4 25.84 3 16.28 0

32.665

135.8 90 85.60 6 65.32 9 41.15 5 25.92 6 16.33 2

32.698

136.0 29 85.69 3 65.39 6 41.19 7 25.95 2 16.34 9

32.709

136.0 75 85.72 2 65.41 8 41.21 1 25.96 1 16.35 5

32.714

136.0 98 85.73 6 65.42 9 41.21 8 25.96 5 16.35 7

57.650

4.804

58.828

4.902

59.166

4.931

59.356

4.946

59.416

4.951

59.436

4.953

59.446

4.954

72.634

3.026

74.118

3.088

74.545

3.106

74.783

3.116

74.860

3.119

74.885

3.120

74.897

3.121

4491

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

10.999 13.858 15.863 19.986 25.181

11.223 14.141 16.187 20.394 25.695

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

11.288 14.222 16.280 20.512 25.843

11.324 14.268 16.332 20.577 25.926

11.336 14.282 16.349 20.598 25.952

11.340 14.287 16.355 20.605 25.961

11.341 14.289 16.357 20.609 25.965

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019 Table 20 Estimation of maximum rainfall intensity for various return period For Virajpet Station Durati on in minute s

Return period 2 yrs

Return period 5 yrs

Return period 10 yrs

Return period 25 yrs

Return period 50 yrs

Return period 75 yrs

Rainfall Depth(m m)

139.049

318.3 43 200.5 44 153.0 44 96.41 2 60.73 5 38.26 1 11.58 7

175.191

7.300

26.529

33.424

38.261

48.206

60.735

120 720 1440

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

76.522

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

142.920

327.2 04 206.1 26 157.3 04 99.09 5 62.42 6 39.32 6 11.91 0

180.068

7.503

27.267 34.354 39.326 49.548 62.426 78.652

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

144.033

329.7 52 207.7 31 158.5 28 99.86 7 62.91 2 39.63 2 12.00 3

181.470

7.561

27.479 34.622 39.632 49.933 62.912 79.264

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

144.654

331.1 75 208.6 28 159.2 13 100.2 98 63.18 4 39.80 3 12.05 5

182.253

7.594

27.598 34.771 39.803 50.149 63.184 79.606

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

144.854

331.6 33 208.9 16 159.4 33 100.4 36 63.27 1 39.85 8 12.07 1

182.505

7.604

27.636 34.819 39.858 50.218 63.271 79.716

4492

Rainfall Depth(m m)

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

144.920

331.7 83 209.0 11 159.5 05 100.4 82 63.30 0 39.87 6 12.07 7

144.952

331.8 57 209.0 57 159.5 41 100.5 04 63.31 4 39.88 5 12.07 9

182.588

7.608

182.628

7.610

27.649 34.835 39.876 50.241 63.300 79.752

Figure 5 IDF curves for Basavapatna Station

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

Rainfa ll Intensi ty (mm/h r)

Return period 100 yrs

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

27.655 34.843 39.885 50.252 63.314 79.770

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution Figure 6 IDF curves for Gonibeedu Station

Figure 7 IDF curves for Hallimysore Station

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4493

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

Figure 8 IDF curves for Galibeedu Station

Figure 9 IDF curves for Hassan Station

4494

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution

Figure 10 IDF curves for Gorur Station

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4495

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

Figure 11 IDF curves for Javali Station

Figure 12 IDF curves for Talakavery Station

4496

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution

Figure 13 IDF curves for Sakaleshpura Station

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4497

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

Figure 14 IDF curves for Virajpet Station

4498

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution

Figure 15 IDF curves for Sukravarshanthe Station

Figure 16 IDF curves for Mallipatna Station

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4499

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

Table 21; IDF equations for all the raingauge stations in the study IDF Equation Y=aX-0.667 where Y is intensity of rainfall, X is the time interval and a is constant Station Name Arehalli Arkalgud Basavapatna Balagodu Belur Bettadapura Bilur Channenahally Chikkamangalore Doddabemmatti Galibeedu Gonibeedu Gorur Hagare Halekote Hallibailu Hallimysore Harangi Hassan Hosakere Hunsur Javali Kenchammana hoskote Krishnarajpet

Value of constant ‘a’ for different a return period 2years

5years

10years

25years

50years

75years

100years

656.1 429.6 404.0 550.5 487.8 392.1 1147.5 447.7 413.7 315.0 1049.0 763.4 422.3 417.7 431.0 948.9 396.9 445.8 468.6 1401.8 436.8 936.6 599.9 434.4

673.7 440.5 413.8 566.6 501.4 404.5 1152.2 460.0 421.7 321.2 1069.8 784.8 431.7 428.0 444.1 967.6 404.1 457.8 479.4 1429.8 448.3 955.2 613.7 442.9

678.7 443.7 416.6 571.3 505.3 407.3 1162.2 463.5 424.0 324.0 1075.7 791.0 434.4 431.0 447.9 973.0 406.1 461.2 482.5 1437.9 451.6 960.6 617.7 445.2

681.5 445.5 418.2 573.9 507.5 408.8 1167.7 465.6 425.2 324.0 1076.0 794.4 435.9 432.7 450.0 976.0 407.3 463.2 484.3 1442.4 453.5 963.6 619.9 446.8

682.4 446.0 418.7 574.6 508.2 409.3 1169.5 466.2 425.7 324.8 1080.1 795.5 436.4 433.2 450.6 977.0 407.6 463.8 484.8 1443.8 454.1 964.6 620.6 447.2

682.9 446.2 418.8 575.0 508.4 409.4 1176.1 466.4 425.8 324.4 1080.4 795.9 436.5 433.4 450.9 977.3 407.8 464.0 485.0 1444.3 454.3 964.9 620.9 447.4

682.8 446.3 418.9 575.1 508.5 409.5 1170.4 446.5 425.8 324.4 1080.6 796.1 436.4 433.5 451.0 977.4 407.8 464.1 485.1 1444.6 454.4 965.0 621.0 447.5

4500

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

Modelling of Intensity-Duration Frequency curves for Upper Cauvery Karnataka through Normal Distribution Kushalnagar Malalur Mallipatna Melkote Naladi Nuggehalli Periyapatna Poonampet Sakleshpura Salagame Shantebachahalli Shantigrama Shravanabelagola Siddapura Srimangala Sukravarashante Talakavery Virajpet Yelawala

385.9 311.7 422.8 546.4 1813.2 518.3 402.2 1014.5 771.1 438.6 584.5 389.8 538.2 613.8 1019.7 882.0 1169.9 930.8 444.2

393.8 317.8 430.1 560.5 1880.9 534.3 410.7 1050.6 790.7 450.7 607.0 400.0 555.1 629.1 1047.0 899.2 1709.7 956.8 454.2

396.1 319.6 432.2 564.6 1874.6 538.9 413.1 1061.0 796.3 454.1 613.5 402.9 559.9 633.5 1054.9 904.1 1721.1 964.2 457.0

IV. CONCLUSIONS The present work shows a methodology for the evaluation of the IDF curves from daily rainfall data. In particular, to obtain durations shorter than 24 hours, Normal distribution model of disaggregation was applied to the historical data available for forty three raingauge stations present in the study area. Table 21 shows the equations that can be applied to different raingauge station for different return period. There is always a shortage of short-duration rainfall data as it requires automatic rain gauges to record such data. On the contrary, daily rainfall values are generally available due to the use of cheap manual instruments. These IDF equations will help to estimate the rainfall intensity for any specific return period in a short time and more easily. The results computed can be utilized for developing surface drain network for recharging ground water. These equations are also useful for the estimation of runoff. The floods with higher return period were considered to be severe when compared to that of lower return period.

397.4 320.5 433.3 566.9 1882.3 541.5 414.5 1066.8 799.4 456.1 617.1 404.5 562.7 636.0 1059.3 906.9 1727.5 968.4 458.6

2. 3.

398.0 321.0 433.9 567.9 1886.0 542.7 415.1 1069.6 801.0 457.0 618.8 405.3 564.0 637.1 1061.4 908.2 1730.5 970.4 459.4

AUTHORS PROFILE

Bell F. C., 1969, “Generalized rainfall-duration-frequency relationship”, ASCE J. Hydraulic Eng., 95, 311–327. Bernard, M. M., (1932), “Formulas for rainfall intensities of long durations”. Trans. ASCE 6:592 - 624. Bhaskar, N. R.; Parida, B. P.; Nayak, A. K. 1997. Flood Estimation for Ungauged Catchments Using the GIUH. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management., ASCE 123(4): 228-238. Chow V.T., D.R. Maidment and L.W.Mays, 1988, “Applied Hydrology”, McGraw- Hill, Chapter 10 – Probability, Risk and Uncertainty Analysis for Hydrologic and Hydraulic Design: 361 – 398. M. M. Rashid, 1 S. B. Faruque and 2 J. B. Alam 2012, “Modeling of Short Duration Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency (SDRIDF) Equation for Sylhet City in Bangladesh. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Generation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves For Different Return Period Using Short Duration Rainfall For Manvi Taluk Raichur District Karnataka”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Management Studies (IRJEMS), Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | April -2019. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Prioritization Of Subwatersheds of Cauvery Region Based on Morphometric Analysis Using GIS”, International Journal for Research in Engineering

397.9 321.0 433.8 567.8 1885.6 542.6 415.1 1069.3 800.8 456.9 618.6 405.2 563.8 637.0 1061.7 908.1 1730.2 970.1 459.3

Application & Management (IJREAM), Volume: 05 Issue: 01, April 2019. 4. 8. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Modelling of Short Duration Isopluvial Map For Raichur District Karnataka”, International Journal for Science and Advance Research in Technology (IJSART), Volume: 05 Issue: 4, April -2019. 9. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla, "Rainfall Analysis for Modelling of IDF Curves for Bangalore Rural, Karnataka", International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.5, Issue.8, pp.114-132, 2019 10. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, and M Inayathulla. "Generation of Short Duration Isohyetal Maps For Raichur District Karnataka" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 5 Issue 2 2019 Page 3234-3242 11. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, and M Inayathulla. " Derivation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves Using Short Duration Rainfall For Yermarus Raingauge Station Raichur District Karnataka" International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology Volume 6 Issue 2 July 2019 Page 1-7 12. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, Chalapathi K and M Inayathulla. " Geomorphological Analysis of Two Mini-Watersheds in Raichur City Karnataka" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume 6 Issue 6 June 2019 Page 2896-2901 13. Sherman, C. W. (1931). Frequency and intensity of excessive rainfall at Boston, Massachusetts, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 95, pp.951– 960.

REFERENCE 1.

397.8 320.9 433.7 567.6 1884.8 542.3 414.9 1068.7 800.5 456.7 618.3 405.1 563.5 636.8 1060.7 907.8 1729.5 969.7 459.2

Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez* Is a life member of Indian Water Resources Society, ASCE Born in Karnataka, India Obtained his BE in Civil Engineering in the year 2009-2013 from UVCE, Bangalore and M.E with specialization in Water Resources Engineering during 2013-2015 from UVCE, Bangalore University and Pursuing Ph.D from Bangalore University. And has 3 years of teaching experience. Till date, has presented and published several technical papers in many National and International seminars, Journals and conferences.

4501

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019

Amritha Thankachan, born in Kerala, obtained her B.Tech in Civil Engineering in the year 2008-2012 from Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kanjirappally, Kottayam and M.Tech with specialization on Integrated Water Resources Management during 2012-2014 from Karunya University, Coimbatore. Presently pursuing Ph.D from Bangalore University. She is having more than 4 years of teaching experience. Till date, has presented and published several technical papers in many National and International Seminars and Conferences. Chalapathi k Is a life member of Indian Water Resources Society. Born in Karnataka, Obtained his BE in Civil Engineering in the year 2008- 2012 from GSKSJTI, Bangalore. and M.E with specialization on Water Resources Engineering during 2012-2014 from UVCE, Bangalore University and Pursuing Ph.D from Bangalore University. And has 3 years of teaching experience. Till date, has presented and published several technical papers in many National and International seminars and conferences.

M Inayathulla Is a life member of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering (EWRI), ASCE, WWI, ASTEE, ASFPM. Born in Karnataka, Obtained his BE in Civil Engineering in the year 1987-1991 from UBDT, Davanagere and M.E with specialization on Water Resources Engineering during 19921994 from UVCE, Bangalore University and got Doctorate from Bangalore University in the year 1990-1995. Presently working as Professor at UVCE, Bangalore

Retrieval Number: A4410119119/2019ÂŠBEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4410.119119

4502

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication