T h e C h a l l e n g e s F a c i n g E n g l i s h L a n g u a g e L e a r n e r s a n d T h e i r Te a c h e r s
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Benchmarks, n.d.). Schools frequently use the CLB levels as a guide to describe the language proficiency levels of English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL).
Proficiency Level Classifications Since terms used to identify English language proficiency levels vary, the English language proficiency levels we will use that encompass the varied classifications are as follows:
• Early intermediate—This rating indicates the ability to use common, basic English in routine classroom activities. Comprehension is demonstrated through the use of key words and phrases and nonverbal responses. • Intermediate—This rating indicates the ability to communicate more freely using some academic language. Comprehension is demonstrated using short phrases and sentences in context-embedded situations. • Advanced—This rating indicates the ability to use academic English in classroom activities, using more complex phrases and sentences with English-language assistance provided when needed. Comprehension is demonstrated in context-reduced situations, both orally and in writing. • Proficient—This rating indicates the ability to use academic English in classroom activities with the approximate fluency of non-ELL peers. Comprehension is demonstrated in situations with and without a context, both orally and in writing. Table 1.2 (page 18) summarizes classroom indicators of English language proficiency levels.
Task: Identifying Language Proficiency Levels Read each case study on pages 20–24, review each student’s work, and use table 1.2 (page 18) to help you place the student according to English proficiency level by marking an X on the scale below each case study. After completing your work, compare your answers to those on pages 131–132.
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• Beginning—This rating indicates the initial stages of learning English and minimal ability to communicate in English. Comprehension is demonstrated through action, gestures, and drawings.