Mitavite Handbook 2nd Edition - 2013

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HANDBOOK

2ND EDITION

The founding of an iconic brand...

In the mid 1980s, horse owner, racing enthusiast and businessman Bob Lapointe saw an opportunity to improve a horse’s race performance by improving the nutritional value and palatability of its diet. Already heavily involved in the food industry, Lapointe put together a plan to produce specialist equine feeds, building the first MITAVITE feedmill on his own property, Muskoka Farms at Gunderman, close to Wiseman’s Ferry in NSW. At this time Lapointe was introduced to Central Coast entrepreneur Sam Rutherford. Rutherford, who was already running a small feed milling operation, joined forces with Lapointe and in 1987 the Australian Feed Company was formed.

Soon after Sydney veterinary surgeon, Treve Williams, joined the company and a successful association began.

The three men shared a common goal - to take the guesswork out of horse feeding by providing trainers and horse owners with a range of horse feeds that were scientifically formulated and in their words- “provided everything in the bag”.

They used radical new techniques to formulate complete feeds, including the development of horse specific amino acid profiles, the analysis of energy pathways and the understanding of the interaction and metabolism of vitamins and minerals through the horse’s digestive system.

Feedmill Manager, Peter Aldrick, was appointed in 1987 to oversee production, a position he still holds after over 20 years service. Many of the groundbreaking manufacturing processes are still in use at MITAVITE today.

As the business grew, Dr. Ray Biffin was appointed to further the development of the MITAVITE product range. Ray is still closely involved with MITAVITE today, providing veterinary and nutritional consultancy services and helping to keep MITAVITE at the forefront of equine nutrition.

Although research has resulted in countless new innovations over the decades, many of the original formulations have not been bettered and still form part of each MITAVITE feed today.

The rapid acceptance of the MITAVITE product range was driven by the success their customers were enjoying on the race track, on studs and agistment properties throughout Australia, New Zealand, Asia and the Middle East.

Over the next 10 years, the MITAVITE factory, now located on the NSW Central Coast, was expanded to meet the growing demand and a new state-of-the-art computerised feed mill was installed to ensure that the highest possible quality standards were maintained. At this time a new steam extrusion process was commissioned to enhance the digestibility of grain starches, a process that still plays an integral part in many present day MITAVITE feeds.

Sadly Sam Rutherford passed away in 1997 but the passion and enthusiasm that drove Sam Rutherford and his partners to succeed in the 1980’s is still very evident today. Mitavite staff take great pride in every bag of MITAVITE that leaves the plant and they eagerly follow the success of loyal customers in their pursuits throughout the equine world.

The original feedmill at Gunderman

Welcome Note The 25th Anniversary issue of the Mitavite Handbook represents a significant milestone in the history of the Mitavite company and brand. It has been 25 years since the first bag of Mitavite rolled off the bagging line at the original feedmill site at Muskoka (facing page).

Since then, in excess of 40 million bags of feed have been manufactured, shipped throughout Australia, to over 27 countries around the world and consumed by every conceivable breed of horse. Equating to around 600 million individual horse meals over the past 25 years, the vast impact of the Mitavite range is evident.

Mitavite has fed legends of the Australian turf, Olympic medal winners, retired champions and millions of much loved horses and ponies everywhere; an achievement that everyone having contributed to the company over the past 25 years is immensely proud of.

One of the keys to achieving such success over the last 25 years is a real passion and commitment for providing products of the highest quality. This passion and commitment was evident in Sam Rutherford when he first guided the company 25 years ago, and is still evident today in those who carry it on.

I invite you to take some time and browse through the 25th Anniversary issue of the Mitavite handbook.

Colin Price National Sales & Marketing Manager MITAVITE Copyright © Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited 2012. All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted by any person or entity in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, including photocopying, recording, scanning or by any information, storage or retrieval system without prior permission from Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited.

Contents Science & nature working together ................2 Key ingredients in Mitavite® feeds ..................3 Vitamin and minerals .......................................4 Feeding techniques ..........................................5 Step by step guide ............................................6 Sport and leisure overview ..............................7 Sport and leisure Quick Guide .........................8 Xtra-Cool® .........................................................9 Economix Active® ............................................10 Pro-Sport®........................................................11

Electrolytes, alkaline and acidic feeds and the performance horse ...........................26 Racing Quick Guide ........................................27 XLR8® ...............................................................28 Formula® 3.......................................................29 Turbo™ .............................................................30 Sustaina® .........................................................31 Athlete Plus™ .................................................32 Extru® grains ...................................................33 Vitamite – new science in performance supplements ....................................................34

Munga® ...........................................................12 Vitamite supplement Quick Guide ................35 Cool Performer* .............................................13 Power-On* ......................................................36 Breeding overview..........................................14 Bonafide®† .......................................................37 Vitamin K function and bone density of growing horses...........................................15 New Mitavite® online predictive tools .........16 Breeding and spelling Quick Guide...............17 Breeda®............................................................18 Promita® ..........................................................19 StudGro™ .......................................................20 Yearling Prep® .................................................21 Aged care overview........................................22 Gumnuts® ........................................................23

Super Amino 66† .............................................38 Performa 3® .....................................................39 Anazolic† and Bone Power*...........................40 Relyte® .............................................................41 Mitavite® Diet Analysis Service ......................42 Mitavite in Asia...............................................43 Mitavite® Commercial ....................................44 Feed safety ......................................................44 References .......................................................45

Racing overview..............................................24

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Science & Nature – Working Together MITAVITE understands the nutritional and physiological interactions and needs of the horse and uses and applies this knowledge to develop feeds that meet the requirements and demands of all types of horses.

The previously dominant pasture diet for the horse is no longer sufficient for the workload and increased demands on leisure and performance horses. Diets containing more starch and protein are being fed to improve performance.

The horses digestive system has not been designed to digest high starch and protein feed such as grains. When feeding grain it is important that it is digested in the small intestine and does not pass through into the large intestine (caecum).

There is a delicate balance of micro organisms in the caecum (part of the large intestine). If ammonia and lactic acid are produced (by-products of starch and protein digestion in the large intestine) then the beneficial micro organisms die. Once the good micro organisms lose the "balance of power" the bad ones increase in number which can lead to decreased efficiency, behavioural changes, diarrhoea and veterinary emergencies such as colic and laminitis.

Early feeding practices added raw cereal grains to the diets of horses to increase the energy and nutrient levels of the ration. This was not an efficient method of feeding, because raw grains are poorly digested in the small intestine and provide a poorly balanced ration when fed with roughage. Only 29% of whole corn is

digested in the small intestine. The remainder passes to the large intestine where it is fermented, yielding lactic acid and changing the acidity in the gut.

Cracking and grinding feeds became a popular attempt at increasing the digestibility of the feed. Although this did slightly increase the digestibility of the feed it had limitations. Cracked and ground grains oxidize and become rancid very quickly, decreasing their quality and palatability.

It became obvious that unprocessed feeds were not well digested by the horse and the older less efficient methods such as cracking, grinding and pelleting have now been superseded by a superior process known as steamextrusion.

The Steam-Extrusion Solution Steam-extrusion is the process where grain and mixes are filled with steam and water and forced under high pressure through a barrel by a large screw. In a short period of time the grain is heated to boiling point. It then passes through a die and is cut into shapes. The extruded nut is then dried, cooled and bagged. By providing a high temperature, high pressure environment the complex structures of starches, proteins and oils are untangled, making digestion and absorption easier for the horse.

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Feeding a steam-extruded feed has many advantages: • Steam-extrusion improves small intestinal digestibility to greater than 90%, reducing the risk of hindgut acidosis • Steam-extrusion gelatinizes starches increasing digestibility in the small intestine • Steam-extruded nuts require more chewing, increasing the amount of saliva produced which decreases the acidity of the stomach and reduces digestive disorders • Steam-extrusion increases palatability • The steam-extruded nut reduces the amount of dust in the feed bin improving air quality in the stable, helping to reduce respiratory diseases • Steam-extrusion destroys natural toxins and bacterial pathogens • Steam-extrusion reduces the amount of heat, acid and gas produced in the digestion process compared with raw grains and pellets • Can be dampened to a mash for horses with poor teeth

Key Ingredients in MitaviteÂŽ Feeds A well formulated complete feed contains a combination of grains and nutrients to produce a balanced ration. Grains are fed to provide an energy source or a protein source in addition to vital vitamins and minerals. Energy is the primary reason for feeding grains such as barley, oats and corn and they combine well when they are fed with high protein sources such as soybean meal, lupins and faba beans. A mixture of protein meals will complement each other and give a better balance of amino acids than one by itself and MITAVITE use a combination of protein and energy sources.

Maize (corn) is used for high performance feeds due to its high energy level.

Digestibility is poor when fed whole and steamextrusion increases digestibility to over 90% in the small intestine.

Barley is a popular cereal grain providing a good balance of energy and fibre. Cooking and rolling and steam-extrusion softens the grain and increases digestion in the small intestine.

Oats are well accepted amongst owners and trainers due to their palatability and high energy and fibre level.

Soybean meal is high in protein (44-50%) and has exceptionally high levels of essential amino acids such as lysine to help build muscle and grow out young horses.

Lupins have a good oil and energy level which is complemented by the vegetable protein which contains branch chain amino acids that enhance muscle building.

Faba Beans are used to complement other vegetable protein meals such as soybean meal to build muscle and top line, enhance growth and improve milk quality.

Sunflower Seeds are very palatable and the oil content provides an excellent energy source.

Oil: Mitavite use a scientific blend of vegetable oils and fish oil to achieve the Omega 3 to Omega 6 to Omega 9 ratio making it a ‘good’ oil.

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Amino Acids 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

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Omega 3

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Chromium

Cobalt

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Iodine

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Choline

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Manganese

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Vitamin D

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MitaviteÂŽ Complete Feeds Provide Support for Critical Systems 4

Anti-Cancer Anti-Oxidant Appetite Blood Vessel Strength Bone Density & Strength Bone Development Bone Marrow Buffer Fluid Balance Calcium Transport Carbohydrate Metabolism Carbon Dioxide Transport Cartilage Cell Respiration Clotting System Elasticity Connective Tissue Energy from Carbohydrate Energy from Fat Energy from Protein Enzyme Activation Eyes - Retina Eyes - Tear Ducts Fat Metabolism Fertility Fluid Balance Free Radical Control Glucose Metabolism Growth Gut Microbe Maintenance Haemoglobin Production Heart Function Hoof Growth Hoof Pliability Hormone Production Immune System Iron Transport Lactation Liver Function & Detoxification Membrane Flexibility Muscle Contraction Nervous System Function Nervous System Structure Oxygen Transport Phosphorus Transport Protein Metabolism Red Blood Cell Formation Skin & Coat Teeth Development & Health Tendons & Ligaments Thyroid - Metabolic Rate Vitamin Synthesis Wound Repair

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Feeding Techniques How Much to Feed?

The National Research Council suggests horses should be fed 2-2.5% of their body weight in feed per day.

Therefore, if your horse is 500kg and in light work, he will need approximately 10kg of feed per day. This also includes feed obtained from pasture.

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How Often Should My Horse Be Fed? The temptation to add grain on the days the horse is ridden should be avoided. If suddenly fed 1 - 2kg of grain, colic and founder are real possibilities. A better approach is to maintain a consistent daily ration and provide a highly digestible, high oil concentrate, which will reduce acid and gas production.

Steam-Extruded Feed or Raw Grains MITAVITE steam-extruded feeds are advanced feeds which are over 90% digested in the small intestine.

Digestion of feed in the small intestine lowers the amount of feed fermented in the large intestine, decreasing the acid, heat and gas which is produced.

Digestion of raw grains in the small intestine varies from 21% for barley to 29% for corn; the balance of which is fermented in the large intestine. This can cause hind gut acidosis leading to laminitis, colic, tying-up or other veterinary emergencies.

Protein When checking the protein provided by a feed, you need to look at the grams fed in protein, the quality of the protein in terms of essential amino acid content and digestibility of the feed in the small intestine. When fed to the recommended levels with adequate roughage, MITAVITE complete feeds provide: 1. The correct quantity of protein 2. A favourable essential amino acid profile 3. High digestibility

Roughage

Feed to the Workload

Roughage is required by the horse to ensure that the flow of feed through the digestive tract is maintained and also as a source of carbohydrate (energy). A minimum of 1-1.5% of body weight in roughage is required by the horse each day. If you have a 500kg horse, we suggest a minimum of 5.0 –7.5kg in roughage, (including hay, chaff and pasture) needs to be fed.

Always feed a ration with an energy level which matches the workload of the horse. Feeding excess energy will increase the bodyweight and/or energy level.

As pasture levels fluctuate, depending on the season and weather conditions, the amount of chaff/hay fed may need to be increased or decreased to sustain the correct levels of roughage which the horse requires.

When feeding roughage approximately 30-40% should be green chaff/hay and 60-70% should be white chaff/hay. This provides optimal levels of essential amino acids and calcium when fed with recommended levels of MITAVITE complete feeds.

When to Feed Roughage?

Recent research on the feeding of hay and grains has revealed that if hay is fed with concentrates then the digestion of the starch in the small intestine is reduced.

For high performance horses this can impact on energy levels and fatigue. It is suggested that hay is fed either two hours before or two hours later than concentrates.

How Much Concentrate Per Meal?

Feeding more than 400g of concentrate per 100kg of body weight per meal may overload the stomach causing undigested or partly digested feed to flow through into the small intestine and large intestine. If you are feeding more than 400g of concentrate per 100kg of body weight in a meal, i.e more than 2kg of concentrate per meal for a 500kg horse, we suggest splitting the ration into more feeds so that concentrate levels do not exceed 2kg per feed.

Introducing New Feeds Any changes to your horse’s diet should be introduced gradually over a two to three week period. Any changes in manure & appetite should be monitored.

Vitamins and Minerals The workload and stress levels of the horse determine the amount of vitamins and minerals required.

MITAVITE have a range of feeds formulated for differing workloads and temperament. All MITAVITE feeds have been formulated to ensure that necessary levels of vitamins and minerals are available when fed to the recommended levels and with adequate roughage.

Additional heat-stable vitamins are added before and after the steam-extrusion process to meet target levels.

Stable natural mineral proteinates prevent interactions between minerals and vitamins, such as those known to occur between iron and vitamin E. The MITAVITE team of veterinarians, equine nutritionists and agricultural scientists have formulated rations using advanced feeding techniques such as steam-extrusion to enhance digestion in the small intestine. MITAVITE takes the guess work out of feeding by giving recommended feeding levels to ensure adequate protein, energy, vitamins and minerals are available to your horse.

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Step by Step Guide to Calculating a Suitable Ration for Your Horse Step 1 Weigh Your Horse If you do not have access to a set of horse scales here are 2 easy ways to weigh your horse: 1. Load your horse on a float and visit a public weigh bridge. You will be surprised how many weigh bridges are about.

If you don’t know the weight of your empty horse float you will need to make two trips, but be sure to record the weight of your empty float for future reference.

Step 2

Step 3

Determine the Exercise Level of Your Horse

Select a MITAVITE Feed that Suits Your Horse’s Discipline and Make-Up

To determine the exercise level of your horse take a minute to visit the Exercise Calculator on the MITAVITE website, www.mitavite.com.au. This easy to use tool will help you work out how much ‘work’ your horse is doing every week and will tell you how much energy it will use to carry out this work.

View the Quick Guides in this handbook for the discipline of your horse to help you choose the correct feed.

2. Using a flexible tape measure take the two measurements as per the diagram below and enter these into the weight calculator on the Mitavite website. There may be up to 10% error by this method, or more in heavily muscled (e.g. quaterhorse) or heavyboned (e.g. warmblood) horses. a. Measure the horse from the point of shoulder to the point of buttock b. Measure the horse around the circumference of the girth

Step 4 Look Up the Feeding Guide for the Appropriate Feed on the Bag or Website.

ECONOMIX ACTIVE® Daily Feeding Guide

Length Withers Point of shoulder Heart girth

Point of pelvis or buttocks

There are other ways to determine the current weight of your horse such as girth tapes, height tables and a guesstimate although the accuracy of these methods is limited. To ensure accuracy we recommend the use of scales

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MITAVITE feeds have been formulated for the various pursuits and disciplines. For instance if you use your horse for leisure and he can become anxious and spirited then XTRA-COOL would be a suitable starting feed. A hard working racehorse that needs a complete feed can be fed XLR8, FORMULA 3, SUSTAINA or TURBO.

Your results can then be matched to the feeding guide on every bag of MITAVITE.

Visit www.mitavite.com.au

Maintenance Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Pleasure Riding Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Light Work Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Medium Work Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture*

kg kg kg kg

300 1½-1¾ 1-1¼ 3¼ +

400 1¾-2 1½-1¾ 4½ +

500 2¼-2½ 2-2¼ 5+

600 2½-3 2-2½ 7+

kg kg kg kg

300 1¾-2 1-1½ 3¼ +

400 2-2½ 1½-1¾ 4½ +

500 3-3¼ 2-2½ 5+

600 3½-4 2½-3 6+

kg kg kg kg

300 2-2½ 1½-2 3¼ +

400 2½-3 2-2½ 4½ +

500 3½-4 2½-3 5½ +

600 4-4½ 3-3½ 6½ +

kg kg kg kg

300 2½-3 2-2½ 3¼ +

400 3-3½ 2½-3 4½ +

500 4-4½ 3-3½ 5½ +

600 5-5½ 3½-4 6½ +

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1½% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide.

Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload & climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates.

In humid climates increase the amount of ECONOMIX ACTIVE. As a guide a MITAVITE dipper holds approximately 900 grams of ECONOMIX ACTIVE.

SPORT & LEISURE

Mitavite Premium Nutrition for Sport and Leisure ®

Feeding for Serious Competition In many sports winning is determined by the ability of your horse to perform consistently over 1, 2 or 3 days of competition. At these times not only do you rely on the training and hard work you have put in together, you need your mount to be physically fit and mentally alert. Correctly balanced nutrition plays a critical role in your horse’s ability to perform in these situations.

Support for Critical Systems Mitavite high performance sport feeds provide premium nutrition to support your horse’s critical systems, encouraging muscle development and repair and providing the energy necessary to perform on the final day.

Feeding Horses and Ponies for Leisure Pursuits MITAVITE knows that you ride for relaxation on the weekends or whenever time allows. We know that you can’t always exercise your horse or pony every day, so a ‘cool’ feed that keeps them healthy and looking good is important to you.

Handy Hints for Serious Competition

Balance • MITAVITE provides a balanced ration that is formulated to meet the individual needs of your horse • MITAVITE feeds provide flexibility allowing the ration to be tailored to each horse and its current workload Cool Energy – oils and carbohydrates • A combination of carbohydrates and oils in MITAVITE feeds provide ‘cool’ energy to keep your horse in good condition whilst staying cool and calm during exercise.

• VITAMITE PERFORMA 3 oil and VITAMITE POWER-ON are both sources of cool energy that can be added to your current ration Protein • MITAVITE ensures that the protein in your horse’s ration is highly digestible, supplied in the correct amount and has the correct balance of essential amino acids to keep your horse healthy and fit • High quality protein is essential in your horse’s diet to promote topline and to build and repair muscles and other tissues after exercise Vitamins and Minerals • MITAVITE ensures vitamin and mineral retention and absorption are maximised by providing chelated minerals and heat-stable vitamins • As the intensity and amount of exercise increases your horse’s vitamin and mineral requirements also increase. There is a MITAVITE sport and leisure feed to suit all levels of work

• Adding 150 mls of VITAMITE PERFORMA 3 oil to the daily diet may help the joints of older competition horses • Don’t feed immediately before a competition. Take the concentrate away approximately 4 hours prior to competing • When competing in sports such as showjumping or polocrosse where explosive exercise is involved, ensure that excessive hay isn’t fed close to competition. Each kg of hay draws approximately 6–8 kg of water into the gut thereby increasing gut ballast • Top line and muscling can be enhanced by adding either 500g PROMITA to the ration or 200g SUPER AMINO 66 to the ration • When travelling long distances take regular breaks and ensure there is adequate ventilation in the truck or float. Gut activity can be maintained by providing good quality dampened hay or a small amount of dampened chaff and steam-extruded feed. The concentrate should be reduced to 1/3 of what is usually fed, and where possible keep the head below chest height to assist lower airway drainage. Horses that go off their feed after a long journey and while away will benefit from ANAZOLIC or SUPER AMINO 66

Handy Hints for Sport and Leisure • The shine on a horses coat can be improved by adding 50-150mls of PERFORMA 3 oil to the ration • Warm your horse on the inside during winter by feeding an extra biscuit or two of a high fibre hay such as pasture or oaten hay. The hay is digested in the large intestine producing heat during the digestion process • To maintain a healthy digestive system horses need a minimum of 1 to 1.5% of their bodyweight in roughage per day (e.g. 5kg for a 500kg horse)

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SPORT & LEISURE

Quick Guide

XTRA-COOL® Medium to hard work and high performance Leisure and early work

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ECONOMIX ACTIVE®

PRO-SPORT®

GUMNUTS®

COOL PERFORMER*

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Tying-up Good doer Anxious or fizzy

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Miniature horses and ponies Ponies prone to laminitis

POWER-ON*

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Increased muscling required Spelling

MUNGA®

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Aged Poor doer or more condition needed

PROMITA®

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SPORT & LEISURE

MITAVITE XTRA-COOL is the ideal choice for horses and ponies in sporadic to light work and for those horses or ponies that can’t tolerate, or don’t require high energy feeds.

XTRA-COOL contains a balanced formulation of vitamins, minerals, electrolytes and oils so you can be sure you are providing your horse or pony with the best in nutritional support without that heating effect.

Daily Feeding Guide Maintenance Bodyweight XTRA-COOL Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Pleasure Riding Bodyweight XTRA-COOL Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Light Work Bodyweight XTRA-COOL Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture*

INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND FULLY STEAM EXTRUDED BARLEY, VEGETABLE PROTEIN, MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9 OILS), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES.

kg kg kg kg

300 1½-1¾ 1-1¼ 3¼ +

400 1¾-2 1½-1¾ 4½ +

500 2¼-2½ 2-2¼ 5+

600 2½-3 2-2½ 7+

kg kg kg kg

300 1¾-2 1-1½ 3¼ +

400 2-2½ 1½-1¾ 4½ +

500 3-3¼ 2-2½ 5+

600 3½-4 2½-3 6+

kg kg kg kg

300 2-2½ 1½-2 3¼ +

400 2½-3 2-2½ 4½ +

500 3½-4 2½-3 5½ +

600 4-4½ 3-3½ 6½ +

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight.

Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload & climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of XTRA-COOL.

SPORT & LEISURE

Xtra-Cool

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

11 12 6 9

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 8g PHOSPHORUS 8.1g MANGANESE 160mg COPPER 30mg IODINE 0.44mg ZINC 100mg COBALT 0.21mg CHLORIDE 7.2g SODIUM 4.2g MAGNESIUM 8g POTASSIUM 12g IRON 150mg MOLYBDENUM 0.8mg SELENIUM 0.25mg VITAMIN A 6000iu VITAMIN E 80iu VITAMIN D 350iu NIACIN 120mg THIAMIN 18mg VITAMIN B2 4mg PANTOTHENATE 16mg VITAMIN B6 11mg VITAMIN B12 10ug BIOTIN 480ug CHOLINE 1g FOLATE 3mg

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Economix Active

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

SPORT & LEISURE Tried and trusted over many years, MITAVITE ECONOMIX ACTIVE provides safe, cost effective nutrition for competition and show horses, working stock horses, pleasure horses and ponies and spellers in need of conditioning.

Steam extruded to unlock the full nutritional value of its ingredients, ECONOMIX ACTIVE is fortified with oils rich in Omega 3 to provide cool sustained energy.

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INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND FULLY STEAM EXTRUDED BARLEY, VEGETABLE PROTEIN, MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9 OILS), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES.

Daily Feeding Guide Maintenance Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Pleasure Riding Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Light Work Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Medium Work Bodyweight ECONOMIX ACTIVE Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture*

kg kg kg kg

300 1½-1¾ 1-1¼ 3¼ +

400 1¾-2 1½-1¾ 4½ +

500 2¼-2½ 2-2¼ 5+

600 2½-3 2-2½ 7+

kg kg kg kg

300 1¾-2 1-1½ 3¼ +

400 2-2½ 1½-1¾ 4½ +

500 3-3¼ 2-2½ 5+

600 3½-4 2½-3 6+

kg kg kg kg

300 2-2½ 1½-2 3¼ +

400 2½-3 2-2½ 4½ +

500 3½-4 2½-3 5½ +

600 4-4½ 3-3½ 6½ +

kg kg kg kg

300 2½-3 2-2½ 3¼ +

400 3-3½ 2½-3 4½ +

500 4-4½ 3-3½ 5½ +

600 5-5½ 3½-4 6½ +

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight.

Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload & climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of ECONOMIX ACTIVE.

Also available in Australia bulka bags or bulk into silo.

12 14 8 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 12g PHOSPHORUS 7g MANGANESE 160mg COPPER 40mg IODINE 0.7mg ZINC 112mg COBALT 0.25mg CHLORIDE 12g SODIUM 6.8g MAGNESIUM 4.9g POTASSIUM 11g IRON 160mg MOLYBDENUM 0.8mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 6750iu VITAMIN E 140iu VITAMIN D 600iu NIACIN 112mg THIAMIN 18mg VITAMIN B2 5mg PANTOTHENATE 20mg VITAMIN B6 10mg VITAMIN B12 18ug BIOTIN 560ug CHOLINE 1g FOLATE 4.2mg

Pro-Sport SPORT & LEISURE MITAVITE PRO-SPORT is a highly palatable, high energy complete feed specifically formulated to meet the needs of the high performance sport horse. PRO-SPORT contains enriched levels of essential amino acids, Omega 3 oils, heat stable vitamins, chelated minerals, anti-oxidants, biotin and vitamin E – all important factors for cool sustained energy, high performance and rapid recovery after strenuous work. PRO-SPORT may be fed alone or added to other MITAVITE feeds to provide extra energy as work load increases.

INGREDIENTS: ROASTED AND ROLLED BARLEY, VEGETABLE PROTEIN, TURBO GOLD (PRESSURE COOKED STEAM EXTRUDED MAIZE), SUNFLOWER SEEDS, MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS (INCLUDING HIGH LEVELS OF VITAMIN E) AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES.

Daily Feeding Guide Light Work Bodyweight PRO-SPORT Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Medium Work Bodyweight PRO-SPORT Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture* Regular Strenuous Work Bodyweight PRO-SPORT Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or pasture*

kg kg kg kg

300 1¾-2 1¾-2 3¼ +

400 2½-3 2¼-2½ 4+

500 3½-3¾ 2½-3 5+

600 4-4½ 3¼-3¾ 6+

kg kg kg kg

300 2¼-2½ 2-2½ 3¼ +

400 3¼-3½ 2¼-2¾ 4+

500 4-4½ 2½-3 5+

600 4¾-5¼ 3¼-3¾ 6+

kg kg kg kg

300 3¼-3¾ 2-2½ 3¼ +

400 4-4½ 2½-3 4+

500 4½-5 3-3½ 5+

600 5½-6 3½-4 6+

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload & climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture.

SPORT & LEISURE

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

15 14 12 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 7g PHOSPHORUS 4g MANGANESE 70mg COPPER 56mg IODINE 0.98mg ZINC 126mg COBALT 0.37mg CHLORIDE 13g SODIUM 7g MAGNESIUM 3g POTASSIUM 11g IRON 100mg MOLYBDENUM 1.3mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 6300iu VITAMIN E 620iu VITAMIN D 1000iu NIACIN 69mg THIAMIN 16mg VITAMIN B2 8mg PANTOTHENATE 21mg VITAMIN B6 6mg VITAMIN B12 30ug BIOTIN 642ug CHOLINE 1.1g FOLATE 6mg

11

Munga

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE % STARCH% ESC% WSC%

COOL, LOW STARCH MUESLI

MITAVITE MUNGA is an economical, palatable, concentrated, low starch, gluten free, grain-free (including wheat free) muesli that provides optimum levels of high quality, easily digested protein, amino acids, vitamins, minerals and electrolytes that provides a balanced ration when fed to suggested levels with adequate roughage. It is ideal for all horses needing more top line and muscle and for sport, show and performance horses that can’t tolerate high grain rations. It is an ideal choice for horses and ponies that are good doers that can easily become overweight or are prone to laminitis. If more energy is needed, steam extruded grains, Vitamite Power On or Vitamite Performa 3 Oil can be added to the ration.

This product contains BONAFIDE®

12

INGREDIENTS: PROTEIN MEALS (INCLUDING SOYBEAN MEAL), ROASTED & ROLLED LUPINS, FABA BEANS, LUCERNE MEAL, SUNFLOWER SEEDS, VEGETABLE OIL (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 & OMEGA 9 OILS), SALT, MOLASSES, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS & CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES.

Daily Feeding Guide Maintenance or Pleasure Riding Bodyweight kg 300 400 MUNGA® kg ¾ 1 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1¼-1½ 1½-2 Cereal hay or pasture* kg 4+ 5½+ Light Work Bodyweight kg 300 400 MUNGA® kg ¾ 1 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1¾-2 2-2½ Cereal hay or pasture* kg 4½+ 6+ Medium to Regular Strenuous Work Bodyweight kg 300 400 MUNGA® kg 1 1¼-1½ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1¾-2 2¼-2½ Cereal hay or pasture* kg 5 + 6½ +

500 1¼-1½ 2-2½ 6¾+

600 1½-1¾ 2½-3 8+

500 1¼-1½ 2½-2¾ 8+

600 1½-1¾ 3 10+

500 1½-1¾ 2½-3 8½ +

600 1¾-2 3 10 +

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1.75-2% of bodyweight.

Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload & climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of MUNGA.

13 25 12.5 13.5 5.2 7.2 8.4

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 10g PHOSPHORUS 8g MANGANESE 94mg COPPER 96mg IODINE 1.6mg ZINC 216mg COBALT 0.6mg CHLORIDE 21g SODIUM 10g MAGNESIUM 4g POTASSIUM 13g IRON 114mg MOLYBDENUM 2mg SELENIUM 0.4mg VITAMIN A 9400iu VITAMIN E 763iu VITAMIN D 1860iu QUINAQUANONE® 3850µg VITAMIN C 1500mg NIACIN 77mg THIAMIN 25mg VITAMIN B2 13mg PANTOTHENATE 24mg VITAMIN B6 6mg VITAMIN B12 56µg BIOTIN 990µg CHOLINE 1.8g FOLATE 11mg

COOL PERFORMER provides a safe, easily digestible form of cool energy minimising stress on c the horse’s digestive system, minimising fizzy behaviour. Hypoallergenic and gluten free Cool Performer contains high levels of Rice Bran Oil. Cool Performer is low in starch and a low GI for longer lasting energy and sustained performance.

Containing more energy than the equivalent weight in oats or corn and a comprehensive array of vitamins and minerals, Cool Performer is a complete feed that has been steam extruded to enhance digestibility in the small intestine to over 90%.

Natural Anti-Oxidants Vitamite Cool Performer contains the naturally occurring anti-oxidant Ferulic acid, which plays an important role in protecting cell membranes from damage caused during strenuous exercise and competition.

Calming Effect Research suggests that horses fed rice based feeds have a lower resting heart rate, lower lactate accumulation and are more easily managed and controlled. Cool Performer is ideal for anxious, fizzy horses that need a high level of ‘cool’ energy.

Tying Up Rice bran based diets such as Cool Performer, that are low in starch and high in fat show a decrease in the serum CK levels after exercise. When rice bran based diets have been used in clinical and sub clinical trials tying up has decreased.

Cool Performer has unlimited potential for a range of horses providing a comprehensive nutrient profile and cool energy to meet the changing needs and demands of competition horses.

INGREDIENTS: STEAM EXTRUDED STABILISED RICE BRAN, SOYBEAN MEAL, RICE BRAN OIL, MINERAL SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS, MOLASSES, NATURAL CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES

Daily Feeding Guide Light Work Bodyweight COOL PERFORMER Lucerne chaff or hay White hay/chaff* Medium Work Bodyweight COOL PERFORMER Lucerne chaff or hay White hay/chaff* Hard Work Bodyweight COOL PERFORMER Lucerne chaff or hay White hay/chaff*

kg kg kg kg

300 1½-2 1¾-2 3¼+

400 2½-3 2¼-2½ 4+

500 3¼-3¾ 2½-3 5+

600 4-4½ 3¼-3¾ 6+

kg kg kg kg

300 2¼-2½ 2-2½ 3¼+

400 3¼-3½ 2¼-2¾ 4+

500 4-4½ 2½-3 5+

600 4¾-5¼ 3¼-3¾ 6+

kg kg kg kg

300 2½-3½ 2-2½ 3¼+

400 3½-4½ 2½-3 4+

500 4½-5 3-3½ 5+

600 5¼-6 3½-4 6+

SPORT & LEISURE

C Cool ool P Performer erformer

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % OILS % FIBRE % SALT %

15 13 15 9 3

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 14g PHOSPHORUS 12g MANGANESE 220mg COPPER 43mg IODINE 0.8mg ZINC 120mg COBALT 0.3mg CHLORIDE 20g SODIUM 12g MAGNESIUM 3.7g POTASSIUM 17g IRON 220mg MOLYBDENUM 0.6mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 4010iu VITAMIN E 200iu VITAMIN D 800iu NIACIN 276mg THIAMIN 28mg VITAMIN B2 7mg VITAMIN B6 25mg VITAMIN B12 24µg PANTOTHENATE 30mg BIOTIN 820µg CHOLINE 1.1g FOLATE 5mg

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload & climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates.

In tropical climates increase the amount of COOL PERFORMER. Distributed in Australia and New Zealand by MITAVITE for MITAVITE ASIA SDN BHD.

13

MitaviteÂŽ Super Premium Breeding Feeds Support Optimal Growth and Development Breeding mares and working stallions need to be kept in good condition and health to ensure pregnancy rates, foetal growth and sperm health are optimized. Incorrect nutrition at breeding, during pregnancy and lactation can affect pregnancy rates and the development of the foal. To produce a well developed, well structured athlete all of these horses must be provided with super premium nutrition.

The Role Of Protein, Vitamins and Minerals in the Development of Sound Bone

Growth of foals, weanlings and yearlings can be nurtured and developed through correct management and premium nutrition, allowing the horse to achieve its genetic potential. Incorrect nutrition at an early age has the potential to affect bone and joint development and the growth of the horse. The results of poor nutrition may not be seen until radiographs, scans and sometimes lameness and bone defects appear, which is often too late.

How much the horse grows in height and the amount of muscle the horse puts on is a direct reflection on the amount and the quality of the feed in the feed bin.

Bone needs good quality protein for growth, maintenance and renewal. Essential amino acids cannot be made by the horse and these need to be provided in the ration. Grains alone do not contain all the essential amino acids and can be limiting in lysine affecting the muscling of the horse, bone growth and ultimately the final height of the horse.

It is widely known that the quality and quantity of the protein in the diet affects the bone growth of the horse and the type of muscle or cover (fat) the horse puts on.

Bone building nutrients such as vitamin K1 and K2, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, zinc, copper, vitamin D and more, are needed for remodeling and to support the formation of good bone in addition to improving bone density and strength. Minerals (which make up approximately half of the bone) need to be provided in the correct amounts and in a form that will be absorbed easily. Additional vitamin K, which binds the protein and minerals in bone is needed when good quality, growing pasture is not readily available.

Trace Minerals 1% Magnesium 3% Fat 5% Phosphorus 18% Calcium 22%

14

BONE COMPOSITION

Protein 26%

Water 25%

Not All Energy Sources Are Created Equal Energy should be provided in a cool safe form that avoids spikes in glucose and insulin levels. Feeding diets that are high in sugar and starches such as raw grains can cause extremes in blood glucose and insulin levels that may predispose young growing horses to bone abnormalities. In comparison to textured or sweet feeds, there is a smaller change in blood glucose and insulin levels when a steam extruded feed is fed.

Paddock Size and Exercise Free paddock exercise for a minimum of 12 hours per day is ideal for young growing horses. Paddocks should be no less than 2ha (5 acres) or preferably bigger.

Confinement to stalls or small yards is not mentally beneficial for the young horses in addition to having an osteoporotic effect on bone, which decreases bone density.

Research suggests that paddock exercise increases bone strength and cortical thickness, although it needs to be for a minimum of 12 hours per day or bone density will decrease.

It’s a Matter of Trust Making your own recipe can lead to an imbalance, deficiency or excess in nutrients and protein which can have irreparable effects. MITAVITE super premium breeding feeds take the guess work out of ration formulation by providing the correct amount of nutrients, protein and energy. When fed in accordance with the instructions this ensures efficiency in feeding management and optimum results in breeding and youngstock.

Vitamin K function and bone density of growing horses Introduction and background on Vitamin K Vitamin K deficiency is widespread in non-free-range animals, including horses and humans.

Vitamin K has three major forms: K1, found in fresh green leaves; K2, which is synthesized in the liver (and by various bacteria); and K3, the artificial form which is added to most stockfeeds. Until recently Vitamin K has only been considered for its role in blood clotting. It is now known to have a major role in bone metabolism, cartilage & joint integrity, and major blood vessel health.

Vitamin K in Nature Vitamin K1 is a transient instantaneous product of photosynthesis in living green leaves and is destroyed in cut leaves of all plants by light. For example, freshly picked spinach contains 5 times as much K1 as supermarket spinach which appears fresh but has been under fluorescent light. When pasture is cut for making hay, the Vitamin K1 level falls very quickly and the higher the UV index (UVI) the more rapidly it disappears.

Bonafide® ®

Bonafide is a water soluble, bio-available form of Vitamin K 1 & K2. Bonafide® is available as a powder and it is also added to Mitavite’s range of premium breeding and race feeds to support bone integrity.

Raising sound horses

Before Bonafide®

After Bonafide®

In the context of raising sound horses, limited access to fresh green foliage through drought, frost or availability may result in a Vitamin K deficiency which in turn can impact on bone strength. To support bone density, Vitamin K1 & K2 (Bonafide) is required on a daily basis.

Horses that are spelled on fresh pasture and then moved to a full time box regime can show a reduction in bone density in as little as 10 days.

In sport horses, particularly heavier breeds such as Warmbloods, bone and joint issues can easily go undetected until the horse is under saddle at 3 or 4 years of age or it has x-rays for a pre-purchase veterinary examination.

In the thoroughbred industry yearlings are often x-rayed well before they enter the sale ring to check for bone related disorders such as OCD lesions. Any faults can then be assessed and treated, often surgically.

Bonafide® Yearling Study The following presale x-rays were taken of thoroughbred yearlings that were identified as requiring surgery.

The yearlings were treated with 20g of Bonafide® per day between the x-ray dates.

The results show marked improvement and in all cases eliminated the need for surgery.

For further information on Bonafide® and the role of Vitamin K in bone and cartilage integrity visit the Mitavite website.

Images courtesy of Agricure Pty Ltd.

15

New MITAVITE® Online Predictive Tools New MITAVITE online tools allow breeders to monitor BMI (body mass index) and predict mature height and weight for growing horses.

The 3 estimators illustrated are easily accessible in a live format on the MITAVITE website.

Entering height, weight and age data for any horse or pony will allow you to monitor and track your youngster’s progress towards expected mature height and weight.

If you don’t have access to horse scales see the ‘Weigh your Horse’ guide on Page 6 of this handbook and if using the measuring tape method then enter the measurements into the online weight estimator on the MITAVITE website.

BIRTH HEIGHT CM

These tools can be used in conjunction with the BMI estimator to check that your horse is in the correct condition band for its age and body type.

200

190

190

180

180

170

170

160

160

150

150

140

140

130

130

120

120

110

110

100

100

90

90

80

80

70

70

60

MATURE HEIGHT CM

HEIGHT OF GROWING HORSES ACCORDING TO EXPECTED MATURE HEIGHT 200

60

50

50 1

4

7

10

13

16

19

22

25

28

31 34 37 AGE MONTHS

40

43

46

49

52

55

58

61

64

BODYWEIGHT OF GROWING HORSES ACCORDING TO EXPECTED MATURE WEIGHT 900.0 800.0 700.0 600.0 500.0 400.0 300.0 200.0 100.0 0.0 1

4

7

10

13

16

19

22

25

28

31

34

37

40

43

46

49

52

55

58

61

64

AGE IN MONTHS

Please note that the online tools are to be used as a guide only. While they are based on extensive statistical data, it is impossible to take into account all factors that may affect normal growth rates and weight gains.

16

Visit www.mitavite.com.au

BREEDING & SPELLING

Quick Guide BREEDA® SPELLING AND DRY MARES with doubtful quality hay/pasture with high quality hay/pasture

4 4

increased muscling required LACTATING MARES with doubtful quality hay/pasture with high quality hay/pasture

4 4

increased milk production required with grain WEANLINGS with doubtful quality hay/pasture with high quality hay/pasture

with doubtful quality hay/pasture with high quality hay/pasture

4 4

4 4

increased muscling required 2-3 YEAR OLD NOT IN WORK with doubtful quality hay/pasture with high quality hay/pasture increased muscling required SALE AND SHOW PREPARATION STALLIONS with doubtful quality hay/pasture with high quality hay/pasture increased muscling required with grain

4 4

4

4

STUDGRO™

YEARLING PREP® EXTRU® LUPINS

POWER-ON*

4 4

4

4

4 4

4

optional

increased muscling required YEARLINGS

PROMITA®

4

4 4

4 4

4

4

4

4

4 4

4

4 4

4 4

4 4

4

4

4

4

4

4 4 4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4 4

optional

17

Breeda BREEDING

MITAVITE BREEDA holds pride of place as Australia’s biggest selling and most trusted complete breeding feed.

BREEDA has been scientifically formulated to promote optimum, balanced growth and to overcome the problems associated with raising young horses on less than perfect pasture.

Critical to the success of BREEDA is the essential amino acid profile and the positive impact that this has on the development of lean muscle, strong tendons and smooth flat bone. This, coupled with the delivery of highly digestible energy, vitamins and minerals in a steam extruded, palatable nugget, assists in limiting peaks in blood sugars often associated with bone developmental problems.

Daily Feeding Guide Maintenance OR Early Pregnant Mare (1-8 Months) Bodyweight kg 300 400 500 BREEDA kg 1¼-1½ 1½-2 2-2½ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1¼-1½ 1½-2 2-2½ Oaten and Pasture kg * 3½ + 4¾ + 6+ Late Pregnant Mare (9-11 Months) Bodyweight kg 300 400 500 BREEDA kg 1¾-2 2¼ 2½-3 Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1¾-2 2-2½ 2½-3 Oaten and Pasture kg * 3½ + 5 + 6+ Lactating Mare Bodyweight kg 300 400 500 BREEDA kg 2½-2¾ 3-3½ 4-4½ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 2½-2¾ 3-3½ 4-4½ Oaten and Pasture kg * 3¼ + 5 + 5½ + 4-6 Month Weanling Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 BREEDA kg 1-1¼ 2-2½ 2-3 Lucerne hay or chaff kg ¾-1¼ 1-1¼ 1½-1¾ Oaten and Pasture kg * ¾ + 1+ 1+ 6-12 Month Weanling Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 BREEDA kg 1½-2 2-2½ 2¾-3 Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1-1½ 1½-2 1¾-2½ Oaten and Pasture kg * 1¼ + 1½ + 1½ + Yearling Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 BREEDA kg 1½-2 2-2½ 2¾-3 Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1¼-1¾ 2-2¼ 2½-3 Oaten and Pasture kg * 2 + 2½ + 3+ 2 Year Old - Maintenance Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 BREEDA kg 1½-1¾ 1¾-2 2¼-2¾ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1½-1¾ 1¾-2¼ 2½-3 Oaten and Pasture kg * 3 + 4+ 5+

600 2½-3 2½-3 7¼ + 600 3-3½ 3-3½ 7¼ + 600 4¾-5½ 4¾-5½ 6½ + 600 2½-3½ 1¾-2 1¼ + 600 3-3½ 2¼-3 2½ + 600 3-3½ 3-3½ 4+ 600 2¾-3 2¾-3 6+

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload, stage of pregnancy or lactation & climate. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of BREEDA.

This product contains BONAFIDE®

18

INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND FULLY STEAM EXTRUDED GRAINS (EXCLUDING OATS), VEGETABLE PROTEIN (INCLUDING SOYBEAN MEAL), MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OIL (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9 OILS), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES.

Also available in Australia bulka bags or bulk into silo.

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

13.5 17 7 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 14g PHOSPHORUS 10g MANGANESE 160mg COPPER 70mg IODINE 1.2mg ZINC 180mg COBALT 0.4mg CHLORIDE 12g SODIUM 7g MAGNESIUM 5g POTASSIUM 10g IRON 180mg MOLYBDENUM 1mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 9000iu VITAMIN E 260iu VITAMIN D 1300iu QUINAQUANONE® 2333ug NIACIN 119mg THIAMIN 25mg VITAMIN B2 10mg PANTOTHENATE 25mg VITAMIN B6 12mg VITAMIN B12 40ug BIOTIN 850ug CHOLINE 1.8g FOLATE 8mg

BREEDING

MITAVITE PROMITA is a concentrated, low starch, steam extruded pasture balancer that provides optimum levels of high quality, easily digested protein with amino acids specifically profiled for horses. When fed at recommended rates with adequate roughage, Promita provides the daily requirements for protein, vitamins, minerals and electrolytes. If more energy is needed steam-extruded grains or oil can be added to the ration.

USES FOR PROMITA As a paddock balancer or nutrient dense concentrate for: • Breeding mares, young growing horses, stallions, spellers or horses in work that are good doers • Horses recovering from surgery or injury needing a low energy balanced ration As an additive to an existing ration for: • Horses needing more top line and muscle • Young growing horses to enhance growth • Mares in their last trimester of pregnancy • Lactating Mares • Breeding Stallions

Maintenance OR Early Pregnant Mare (1-8 Months) Bodyweight kg 150 300 400 500 600 PROMITA kg ½ ¾ 1 1¼ 1½ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1 1¼-1½ 1½-2 2-2½ 2½-3 Pasture or Meadow Hay kg 1½ + 4 + 5½ + 6¾ + 8+ Late Pregnant Mare - (9-11 Months) Bodyweight kg 150 300 400 500 600 PROMITA kg ½ 1 1¼ 1½ 1¾ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1 1¾-2 2-2½ 2½-3 3-3½ Pasture or Meadow Hay kg 1½ + 3½ + 5 + 6+ 8+ Lactating Mare Bodyweight kg 150 300 400 500 600 PROMITA kg ¾ 1½ 1¾ 2 2¼ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1¼ 2½-2¾ 3-3½ 4-4½ 4¾ Pasture or Meadow Hay kg 2 + 3½ + 5½ + 6½ + 8+ 4-12 Month Weanling Expected mature bodyweight kg 150 300 400 500 600 PROMITA kg ½ ¾ 1 1¼ 1½ Lucerne hay or chaff kg ½-¾ 1-1½ 1½-1¾ 1¾-2 2-3 Pasture or Meadow Hay kg 2/3 + 1½ + 1½ + 2+ 2½+ Yearling Expected mature bodyweight kg 150 300 400 500 600 PROMITA kg ½ ¾ ¾ 1 1¼ Lucerne hay or chaff kg ¾ 1¾ 2-2¼ 2½-3 3-3½ Pasture or Meadow Hay kg 1½+ 2½+ 4 + 4½+ 5½+ 2 Year Old - Maintenance Expected mature bodyweight kg 150 300 400 500 600 PROMITA kg ½ ¾ 1 1½ 1¾ Lucerne hay or chaff kg ¾ 1½-1¾ 1¾-2¼ 2½-3 2¾-3 Pasture or Meadow Hay kg 1¼ + 4½+ 6+ 6¾+ 8¼+ Light Working Horse OR Breeding Stallions that are Good Doers Bodyweight kg 150 300 400 500 600 PROMITA kg ½ ¾ 1 1¼-1½ 1½ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 1 1¾-2 2-2½ 2¼-3 3 Pasture or Meadow Hay kg 2 + 4½ + 6 + 8+ 10 + If PROMITA is fed as the only concentrate, roughage (hay,chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1.5-1.75% of bodyweight.Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload, stage of pregnancy or lactation & climate.

Additional grains can be added to the above rations if more condition is needed. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of PROMITA.

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE % STARCH % ESC % WSC %

13 27 10 7 8.6 8 10

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 15g PHOSPHORUS 10g MANGANESE 200mg COPPER 160mg IODINE 3mg ZINC 345mg COBALT 1mg CHLORIDE 32g SODIUM 15g MAGNESIUM 6g POTASSIUM 22g IRON 215mg MOLYBDENUM 2mg SELENIUM 1mg VITAMIN A 17100iu VITAMIN E 610iu VITAMIN D 3000iu QUINAQUANONE® 4666ug NIACIN 139mg THIAMIN 39mg VITAMIN B2 20mg PANTOTHENATE 49mg VITAMIN B6 13mg VITAMIN B12 88ug BIOTIN 1857ug CHOLINE 2g FOLATE 18mg

This product contains BONAFIDE® INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND FULLY STEAM EXTRUDED CEREAL GRAINS, (EXCLUDING OATS) VEGETABLE PROTEIN MEALS, INCLUDING SOYBEAN, LUPINS, MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9 OILS), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES.

Also available in Australia bulka bags or bulk into silo.

19

BREEDING & SPELLING

Promita

Daily Feeding Guide

StudGro BREEDING & SPELLING MITAVITE STUDGRO is a complete feed specifically formulated to provide a quality, cost effective choice for breeding and spelling properties.

Developed and supported by the MITAVITE team of veterinarians and nutritionists, STUDGRO supplies the nutritional requirements of mares, young stock and spellers in a highly digestible, easy to feed safe form.

STUDGRO contains a full array of essential amino acids in a horse specific profile to aid the development of strong bones, tendons and muscles in young stock and the rapid recovery of race horses at rest.

20

INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND FULLY STEAM EXTRUDED GRAINS (INCLUDING BARLEY), VEGETABLE PROTEIN, MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9 OILS), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES.

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

Daily Feeding Guide Maintenance OR Early Pregnant Mare (1-8 Months) Bodyweight kg 300 400 500 STUDGRO kg 1¼-1½ 1½-2 2-2½ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1¼-1½ 1½-2 2-2½ Oaten and Pasture kg* 3½ + 4¾ + 6+ Late Pregnant Mare (9-11 Months) Bodyweight kg 300 400 500 STUDGRO kg 1¾-2 2¼ 2½-3 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1¾-2 2-2½ 2½-3 Oaten and Pasture kg* 3½ + 5 + 6+ Lactating Mare Bodyweight kg 300 400 500 STUDGRO kg 2½-2¾ 3-3½ 4-4½ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2½-2¾ 3-3½ 4-4½ Oaten and Pasture kg* 3¼ + 5 + 5½ + 4-6 Month Weanling Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 STUDGRO kg 1-1¼ 2-2½ 2-3 Lucerne chaff or hay kg ¾-1¼ 1-1¼ 1½-1¾ Oaten and Pasture kg* ¾ + 1+ 1+ 6-12 Month Weanling Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 STUDGRO kg 1½-2 2-2½ 2¾-3 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1-1½ 1½-2 1¾-2½ Oaten and Pasture kg* 1¼ + 1½ + 1½ + Yearling Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 STUDGRO kg 1½-2 2-2½ 2¾-3 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1¼-1¾ 2-2¼ 2½-3 Oaten and Pasture kg* 2 + 2½ + 3+ 2 Year Old – Maintenance Expected mature bodyweight kg 300 400 500 STUDGRO kg 1½-1¾ 1¾-2 2¼-2¾ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 1½-1¾ 1¾-2¼ 2½-3 Oaten and Pasture kg* 3 + 4+ 5+

600 2½-3 2½-3 7¼ + 600 3-3½ 3-3½ 7¼ + 600 4¾-5½ 4¾-5½ 6½ + 600 2½-3½ 1¾-2 1¼ + 600 3-3½ 2¼-3 2½ + 600 3-3½ 3-3½ 4+ 600 2¾-3 2¾-3 6+

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload, stage of pregnancy or lactation & climate. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of STUDGRO.

Also available in Australia bulka bags or bulk into silo.

12.2 16.6 7 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 14g PHOSPHORUS 8g MANGANESE 148mg COPPER 57mg IODINE 1mg ZINC 150mg COBALT 0.34mg CHLORIDE 11g SODIUM 7g MAGNESIUM 4.5g POTASSIUM 10g IRON 173mg MOLYBDENUM 1mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 8050iu VITAMIN E 216iu VITAMIN D 1000iu NIACIN 116mg THIAMIN 21mg VITAMIN B2 8mg PANTOTHENATE 21mg VITAMIN B6 11mg VITAMIN B12 30ug BIOTIN 715ug CHOLINE 1.7g FOLATE 6mg

DEVELOPMENT & PRESENTATION MITAVITE YEARLING PREP contains chelated minerals and amino acids in a horse specific profile essential for balanced bone and lean muscle development, as well as steamextruded and rolled and roasted grains.

Research has shown that results in the sale ring are maximised when horses are well developed and well finished.

YEARLING PREP helps you achieve the best possible results.

Daily Feeding Guide Yearlings Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 YEARLING PREP kg 2½-2¾ 3-4 Lucerne hay or chaff kg 2-2¼ 3-3½ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2 or ad lib 2 or ad lib 18 Month Old to 2 Year old - Breaking and Pretraining Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 YEARLING PREP kg 2¾-3½ 3¼-4½ Lucerne hay or chaff kg 2-3 2½-3 Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 3 or ad lib 4 or ad lib

This product contains BONAFIDE® INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND FULLY STEAM EXTRUDED VEGETABLE PROTEIN, LEGUMES, PRESSURE COOKED AND STEAM EXTRUDED MAIZE, ROASTED AND ROLLED BARLEY, SUNFLOWER SEEDS, FABA BEANS, MOLASSES AND VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9 OILS), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES AND NATURAL ENZYMES.

600 3½-4½ 3½-4 2½ or ad lib 600 4-5¼ 3¼-3¾ 4½ or ad lib

BREEDING & SPELLING

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/kg) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

15 17 11 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 10g PHOSPHORUS 6g MANGANESE 100mg COPPER 54mg IODINE 1.0mg ZINC 128mg COBALT 0.37mg CHLORIDE 21g SODIUM 9.2g MAGNESIUM 4g POTASSIUM 13g IRON 160mg MOLYBDENUM 1mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 6000iu VITAMIN E 210iu VITAMIN D 1000iu QUINAQUANONE® 1750ug NIACIN 79mg THIAMIN 17mg VITAMIN B2 8mg PANTOTHENATE 23mg VITAMIN B6 7mg VITAMIN B12 28ug BIOTIN 670ug CHOLINE 1.3g FOLATE 6mg

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight.

Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload and climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of YEARLING PREP.

21

Older Horses Require Special Nutritional Support MITAVITE understands that older horses are often a much loved member of the family. The older horse that has been well cared for can continue to be ridden for many years and often makes the ideal teacher for younger and inexperienced riders. Fertile aged mares can still breed in their late teens and early twenties.

Handy Hints • Research has confirmed blood test results, coat condition, level of physical activity and bodyweight are all superior when older horses are fed steam-extruded nuts • For the aged horse with poor teeth GUMNUTS can be dampened to a mash immediately prior to feeding • When feeding older horses with a dominant group of horses the fed bins can be placed in a large circle or in a triangle helping to limit feed bin dominance • To compare horse age to human age, multiply horse age by 3 and add 12. So a 2 year old horse is approximately as mature as an 18 year old human and so on

22

Diet and Body Condition MITAVITE GUMNUTS are formulated to specifically meet the needs of your older horses and ponies. Good dental care in conjunction with a ration that maintains optimum body weight and condition are of primary importance when caring for an aged horse. As horses age there is a 20% reduction in their ability to digest and absorb some nutrients. Older horses require increased levels of phosphorous and higher quality protein as they age. MITAVITE GUMNUTS provides high quality protein and more digestible energy to provide the concentrate part of a balanced diet. The Protexin in GUMNUTS helps to keep the balance of good microbes in the large intestine providing nutritional excellence.

Often older horses can have worn and missing teeth, making chewing more difficult, so GUMNUTS can be softened to a mash for these horses.

Health and Ageing The older horse will show physical signs of aging including greying of the coat (particularly around the eyes, temples and nostrils), swaying of the back, loss of muscle tone and mass and more prominence of the backbone and poll. Arthritis is a disease often found in

the older horse but research on Omega 3 Oils has shown that it can slow the prevalence and lower the symptoms of arthritis. Feeding 150mls of PERFORMA 3 oil would be beneficial for older horses with arthritis. Rugging your horse in the winter months when arthritis is more prevalent can also help in addition to regular light exercise to help keep the joints supple. PERFORMA 3 oil will also improve condition and appearance of your horse’s coat.

Did You Know?

A well looked after horse can live for many years. The average age of a horse is 24 years. ‘Old Billy’ is the oldest known horse that is recorded in the Guiness Book of World Records making it to the ripe old age of 62!

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

AGED CARE & CONDITION MITAVITE GUMNUTS is Australia’s original and most trusted feed especially formulated for aged horses and ponies. Highly nutritious, palatable and safe to feed, GUMNUTS provides a unique balance of vitamins and minerals specifically formulated to address the challenges of old age.

Omega 3 oils, antioxidants and essential amino acids are provided in a highly digestible form. GUMNUTS reduces to a soft mash when water is added.

Daily Feeding Guide Maintenance Bodyweight GUMNUTS Lucerne chaff or hay Cereal or Pasture Pleasure Riding Bodyweight GUMNUTS Lucerne hay/chaff Cereal or Pasture Light Work Bodyweight GUMNUTS Lucerne hay/chaff Cereal or Pasture Medium Work Bodyweight GUMNUTS Lucerne hay/chaff Cereal or Pasture Regular Strenuous Work Bodyweight GUMNUTS Lucerne hay/chaff Cereal or Pasture

kg kg kg kg *

300 1½-1¾ 1-1¼ 3¼+

400 1¾-2 1½-1¾ 4½+

500 2¼-2½ 2-2¼ 5+

600 2½-3 2-2½ 7+

kg kg kg kg *

300 1¾-2 1-1¼ 3+

400 2-2¼ 1½-1¾ 4+

500 2¾-3 2-2¼ 5+

600 3¼-3½ 2¼-2½ 6+

kg kg kg kg *

300 2-2¼ 1¼-1½ 3+

400 2½-3 2-2¼ 4+

500 3-3½ 2½-3 5+

600 3¾-4¼ 3-3½ 6+

kg kg kg kg *

300 2½-2¾ 1½-1¾ 3+

400 2¾-3¼ 2¼-2¾ 4+

500 3½-4 2¾-3¼ 5+

600 4¼-4¾ 3¼-3¾ 6+

kg kg kg kg *

300 3-3¼ 2-2¼ 3+

400 3¾-4¼ 2½-3 4+

500 4½-5 3-3½ 5+

600 5½-6 3½-4 6+

14 16 7 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 12g PHOSPHORUS 10g MANGANESE 190mg COPPER 80mg IODINE 1.32mg ZINC 200mg COBALT 0.45mg CHLORIDE 9g SODIUM 4.5g MAGNESIUM 5g POTASSIUM 12g IRON 190mg MOLYBDENUM 1.2mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 11000iu VITAMIN E 330iu VITAMIN D 1480iu QUINAQUANONE® 1750ug NIACIN 130mg THIAMIN 28mg VITAMIN B2 11mg PANTOTHENATE 28mg VITAMIN B6 12mg VITAMIN B12 45ug BIOTIN 1000ug CHOLINE 1.7g FOLATE 10mg

This product contains BONAFIDE® INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND FULLY STEAM EXTRUDED GRAINS (INCLUDING BARLEY), VEGETABLE PROTEIN (INCLUDING SOYBEAN MEAL), VEGETABLE OIL (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9 OILS), SALTS, MOLASSES, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES AND PROTEXIN.

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload & climate. *Oaten or wheaten chaff or hay or pasture. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of GUMNUTS. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload.

23

MITAVITE® Premium Race Feeds Provide Support for Critical Systems Racing thoroughbreds and standardbreds are high performance athletes and need a well formulated high quality feed that is complimented by a good training regime to realise their genetic potential.

The high intensity work and demands on race horses means they require a feed that is safe to feed, provides quick accessible fuel, promotes muscling, provides the nutrients for a quick recovery and is palatable and highly digestible.

The Role of Oil in the Diet Oil provides an alternative energy source, spares blood glucose and aids in reducing heat production, allowing the horse to maintain top speed for longer. The type of oil used has more specific roles and oils high in Omega 3 improve red blood cell flexibility and reduce inflammation.

The Role of ‘Horse Perfect’ Protein Supporting Aerobic and Anaerobic Energy Pathways The burst of energy needed for a short period of time by race horses is fuelled by anaerobic energy. Longer races by a combination of anaerobic and aerobic energy. Anaerobic energy requires carbohydrates with a high level of starch, which then converts to glucose and glycogen in the body ready for instant energy. This type of energy system provides an intense, explosive effect.

A high ‘Dietary Cation-Anion Balance’ (DCAB) diet doesn’t make horses faster, but it does allow them to travel comfortably at a 20% better rate than on a low DCAB diet5 (see page 26).

The challenge when feeding a high energy feed is to provide the energy to fuel the muscles without overloading the large intestine with starches which can cause hindgut acidosis, laminitis, tying-up or colic.

Maximising digestion in the small intestine helps to reduce hindgut acidosis and this is done by providing steam-extruded feeds that are over 90% digested in the small intestine.

24

Nutrition plays an important role in fuelling, building and repairing muscles. Energy fuels the muscles but protein is needed to build and repair the muscle fibres used in exercise and racing. By providing the correct amount of protein in a highly digestible form and the correct level of amino acids in a “horse perfect” profile, muscle building and repair may be accelerated, reducing recovery times and increasing race starts in a preparation. Branched chain amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine and valine enhance muscle bulking.

Antioxidants in the Diet The requirement for all essential nutrients is determined by the animal’s size and situation – illness/health, rest/work, pregnant/lactating/growing, etc.

The body’s anti-oxidant system has dozens of components. The three major ones are Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Glutathione (made from Selenium).

By far the greatest demand on the anti-oxidant system is caused by prolonged maximal exertion i.e. racing. If the anti-oxidant system fails, it has at least four effects on racing performance:

1. Fatigue during the contest - microcirculation (blood supply to muscles) constricts affecting blood supply to the muscles and diaphragm strength reduces, affecting air intake 2. Delayed recovery from exertion. Instead of the heart, muscles, tendons, etc, “learning” that they have to be better next time (so training progresses), they have to use vital resources to mend oxidative damage 3. Risk of strain – whether muscle, heart, tendon, joint, etc – parts tear when anti-oxidants run out 4. Longevity – uncontrolled oxidative stress has been proven to shorten the life-span of almost all body cells, and also reduces the competitive life of athletes. Athletes who support their anti-oxidant system stay in the game longer

The Relationship Between Vitamin C & Vitamin E in the Racing Diet Animals under high oxidative stress such as racehorses must have an adequate dietary supply of vitamin C, vitamin E and selenium to defend from free radicals (the chemicals made by oxidative stress). Vitamin C is the first line of defence. Vitamin E becomes important when vitamin C is exhausted (or put another way, vitamin C protects vitamin E). Glutathione (made from selenium) is the last defence. If there is no vitamin C, vitamin E gets wasted on the front line.

To make full use of the vitamin E, there should be at least as much or more vitamin C in the ration – otherwise a large proportion of the vitamin E is wasted.6-9 Adequate selenium makes the whole system functional.

Beware of Over Supplementation When feeding any nutrient it should be fed at the correct amounts.

Over-supplementation can be dangerous and affect the interaction of nutrients. For instance over supplementation of Vitamin E may cause bleeding. It does this by interfering with vitamin K metabolism, so it will also interfere with correct bone development, joint cartilage structure and artery health.

The Bonafide® (Vitamin K) Story

Handy Hints

Studies on bone growth in horses have revealed that the protein osteocalcin needs Vitamin K to bind the minerals and protein in bones together, helping to improve bone density. Recent research suggests that supplementing with vitamin K at recommended levels, and thereby increasing bone density, can reduce shin soreness in young race horses.1,2 BONAFIDE is included in XLR8, ATHLETE PLUS and FORMULA 3 and is also available as a separate supplement, improving bone growth and bone geometry, helping to reduce the incidence of shin soreness.

• If a horse does not have access to feed for 10-12 hours the stomach wall begins to erode…this can develop into a gastric ulcer. ALWAYS ensure ad lib roughage is available to a stabled horse

Over time, owners and trainers have realised that formulating a well balanced ration involves more than feeding a dipper of oats with some chaff. Energy systems, protein quality, feed digestibility, nutrient interactions and amounts fed all need to be carefully calculated and formulated. MITAVITE have studied and researched these needs and formulated comprehensive, balanced, premium performance feeds.

• Muscles can be ‘trained’ to store more glycogen. This is done by providing a training program that puts a level of stress onto the muscle fuel storage system as well as feeding a ration targeting the correct energy systems • There are two types of fast twitch muscle fibres – aerobic (need oxygen) and anaerobic (can work without oxygen).

The proportion of each of these within a muscle can change according to the type of exercise given • Muscling can be enhanced by providing a ration with branched chain and essential amino acids • Vitamin C supplementation can benefit respiratory disorders such as bleeding and boost the immune system in some horses • Recent research suggests that supplementing with Vitamin K1 and K2 at recommended levels, and thereby increasing bone density, can reduce shin soreness in young race horses

25

Electrolytes, Alkaline and Acidic Feeds and the Performance Horse Training and genetics are major contributors to successful performance, but nutrition also contributes, especially as the duration of an event increases. Of all the nutrients, electrolytes have the most direct effect.

Electrolytes in solution are also ions with positive or negative charge. Cat – ions are the Alkaline positive ones (Potassium, Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium), An – ions are the Acidic negative ones (Chloride, Phosphate and Sulphate).

The pH (measure of acidity/alkalinity) of the blood has to be maintained close to neutral at 7.4. We can assist the horse to do this with dietary electrolytes. It is important to understand that the major components of the diet, grain and hay etc, generally have a greater effect on the balance than electrolyte supplements.

The sum of the electrolytes (cations and anions) in the feed gives us DCAB – dietary cation/anion balance.

Many grains and grain products have low or negative DCAB, while hay and pasture usually have high DCAB. Most high-quality commercial feeds have Alkaline DCAB. An acidic diet has a DCAB of 100 meq/kg or less, neutral 100-200, and alkaline over 200 meq/kg. A high DCAB increases the athlete’s capacity to absorb acid produced during strenuous activity, in a similar way that a dose of bicarbonate would. Having a high DCAB enables the horse to keep his own production of bicarbonate at a high, but legal, level. One of the measurements that demonstrate the benefit of this balance is a more rapid recovery of heart rate after standard exercise test.

Summary of effects • Buffering acid production during exercise is enhanced without the need to administer bicarbonate • Heart rate recovery after exercise is accelerated by 5-10 % • Natural blood bicarbonate level is maintained • Calcium balance is elevated so bone health may be improved • Dry matter digestibility of feed is increased

MITAVITE feeds provide the correct balance for healthy growth, better performance and faster recovery.

References Topliff DR (2006) Electrolytes, Cations, and Anions in the Performance Horse. Proc. 3rd Eur Eq Nutr & Health Cong.

Cooper SR, Kline KH, Foreman JH, Brady HA, Frey LP (1998) Effects of Dietary Cation-Anion Balance on pH, Electrolytes and Lactate in Standardbred Horses. J Eq Vet Sc. 18 (10) 662-666.

Measurement of electrolytes (in milli-equivalents, not grams) gives us a different result to testing the pH. Lemon juice, for example, has an acid pH of 2-3, but an alkaline electrolyte balance of 36-40 meq/litre. Lemon juice concentrate gives us 360-400 meq/litre.

26

RACING

Quick Guide XLR8®

FORMULA 3®

TURBO™

SUSTAINA®

ATHLETE PLUS™

POWER-ON*

Thoroughbred

4

4

4

4

4

4

Standardbred

4

4

4

4

4

4

2 & 3 year old

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

Contains oats Contains no oats

4

4

4

Add grain Tying up Grain intolerant

4

4

4

4

4

27

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

XLR8 RACING

MITAVITE XLR8 is an oat free, energy dense muesli style complete feed incorporating the benefits of steam extrusion and roasting and rolling, especially formulated for the racing thoroughbred and standardbred. XLR8 provides high levels of essential amino acids in a horse specific profile to assist with muscle function and recovery after strenuous work.

Daily Feeding Guide 2 Year Old – Early to Medium Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 XLR8 kg 3-3½ 4-4½ 4¾-5½ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3½ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 2 Year Old - Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 XLR8 kg 3½-4¼ 4¼-5¼ 5-6¼ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3¼ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Early to Medium Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 XLR8 kg 3-3½ 3½-4 4½-5 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2-2½ 2½-3 3-3½ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 4½ or ad lib 5½ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 XLR8 kg 4-4½ 4½-5 5½-6 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2½-3 3-3½ 3½-4 Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 5 or ad lib 6½ or ad lib

This product contains BONAFIDE®

28

INGREDIENTS: PRESSURE COOKED AND STEAM EXTRUDED VEGETABLE PROTEIN, ROASTED AND ROLLED BARLEY, SUNFLOWER SEEDS, LEGUMES (INCLUDING ROASTED AND ROLLED LUPINS), VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDNG OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9), SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES, CHROMIUM YEAST CULTURE, NATURAL ENZYMES AND PROTEXIN.

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload and climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of XLR8.

15 17 10 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 8g PHOSPHORUS 5g MANGANESE 110mg COPPER 70mg IODINE 1.32mg ZINC 154mg COBALT 0.46mg CHLORIDE 20g SODIUM 8g MAGNESIUM 3g POTASSIUM 16g IRON 160mg MOLYBDENUM 1.3mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 7920iu VITAMIN E 440iu VITAMIN D 1240iu QUINAQUANONE® 1750ug VITAMIN C 750mg NIACIN 86mg THIAMIN 19mg VITAMIN B2 10mg PANTOTHENATE 25mg VITAMIN B6 8mg VITAMIN B12 36µg BIOTIN 800µg CHOLINE 1.5g FOLATE 7mg

RACING

MITAVITE FORMULA 3 is Australia’s No.1 complete, oat free, racing feed. FORMULA 3 combines the latest scientific advances in equine nutrition and state of the art manufacturing techniques to provide the trainer with a fresh, palatable, flexible formulation for simplifying feed room management. FORMULA 3 may be used with or without the addition of grains.

This product contains BONAFIDE® INGREDIENTS: CEREAL GRAINS INCLUDING ROASTED AND ROLLED BARLEY, FABA BEANS, TURBO GOLD (PRESSURE COOKED STEAM EXTRUDED MAIZE), SUNFLOWER SEEDS, LEGUMES (INCLUDING ROASTED AND ROLLED LUPINS), VEGETABLE PROTEIN, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9), MOLASSES, SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS (INCLUDING HIGH LEVELS OF VITAMIN E), AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES, CHROMIUM YEAST CULTURE AND NATURAL ENZYMES.

Daily Feeding Guide 2 Year Old – Early to Medium Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 FORMULA 3 kg 3-3½ 4-4½ 4¾-5½ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3½ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 2 Year Old - Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 FORMULA 3 kg 3½-4¼ 4¼-5¼ 5-6¼ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3¼ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Early to Medium Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 FORMULA 3 kg 3-3½ 3½-4 4½-5 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2-2½ 2½-3 3-3½ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 4½ or ad lib 5½ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 FORMULA 3 kg 4-4½ 4½-5 5½-6 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2½-3 3-3½ 3½-4 Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 5 or ad lib 6½ or ad lib

15 15 10 8

RACING

Formula 3

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 7g PHOSPHORUS 5g MANGANESE 80mg COPPER 58mg IODINE 0.95mg ZINC 129mg COBALT 0.38mg CHLORIDE 15g SODIUM 7g MAGNESIUM 3g POTASSIUM 12g IRON 110mg MOLYBDENUM 1mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 6211iu VITAMIN E 420iu VITAMIN D 1000iu QUINAQUANONE® 1750ug VITAMIN C 750mg NIACIN 83mg THIAMIN 18mg VITAMIN B2 8mg PANTOTHENATE 21mg VITAMIN B6 6mg VITAMIN B12 30ug BIOTIN 670ug CHOLINE 1.2g FOLATE 6mg

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight.

Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload and climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of FORMULA 3.

29

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

Turbo RACING

MITAVITE TURBO is a hybrid racing feed, combining selected premium graded oats with the technology of steam extrusion and roasting and rolling to improve digestibility and maximise energy levels in the horses’ diet. This, combined with the addition of vitamins and minerals, essential amino acids in a horse specific profile and oils rich in Omega 3 & 9 make TURBO a serious option for horses in hard work.

INGREDIENTS: CEREAL GRAINS INCLUDING ROASTED AND ROLLED BARLEY, FABA BEANS, SUNFLOWER SEEDS, CLEANED AND GRADED OATS, TURBO GOLD (PRESSURE COOKED AND STEAM EXTRUDED MAIZE), LEGUMES (INCLUDING ROASTED AND ROLLED LUPINS), VEGETABLE PROTEIN, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9), MOLASSES, SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES, CHROMIUM YEAST CULTURE AND NATURAL ENZYMES.

30

Daily Feeding Guide 2 Year Old – Early to Medium Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 TURBO kg 3-3½ 4-4½ 4¾-5½ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3½ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 2 Year Old - Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 TURBO kg 3½-4¼ 4¼-5¼ 5-6¼ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3¼ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Early to Medium Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 TURBO kg 3-3½ 3½-4 4½-5 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2-2½ 2½-3 3-3½ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 4½ or ad lib 5½ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 TURBO kg 4-4½ 4½-5 5½-6 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2½-3 3-3½ 3½-4 Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 5 or ad lib 6½ or ad lib Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload and climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of TURBO.

15 13 10 8

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 7g PHOSPHORUS 4g MANGANESE 80mg COPPER 57mg IODINE 1.04mg ZINC 129mg COBALT 0.36mg CHLORIDE 15g SODIUM 7g MAGNESIUM 3g POTASSIUM 11g IRON 100mg MOLYBDENUM 0.9mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 6000iu VITAMIN E 270iu VITAMIN D 1000iu VITAMIN C 750mg NIACIN 72mg THIAMIN 18mg VITAMIN B2 7mg PANTOTHENATE 23mg VITAMIN B6 5mg VITAMIN B12 30ug BIOTIN 686ug CHOLINE 1g FOLATE 6mg

RACING

MITAVITE SUSTAINA is a traditional muesli style oat based complete feed formulated with the best of Australian grains, plus added protein meals, vitamins, minerals and essential amino acids to promote lean muscle development and to aid recovery after racing or fast work. Highly palatable feed providing premium nutrition at an affordable price.

INGREDIENTS: CEREAL GRAINS INCLUDING ROASTED AND ROLLED BARLEY, FABA BEANS, SUNFLOWER SEEDS, MILLED MAIZE, CLEANED AND GRADED OATS, LEGUMES (INCLUDING ROASTED AND ROLLED LUPINS), VEGETABLE PROTEIN, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9), MOLASSES, SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES, CHROMIUM YEAST CULTURE AND NATURAL ENZYMES.

Daily Feeding Guide 2 Year Old – Early to Medium Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 SUSTAINA kg 3¼-3¾ 4¼-4¾ 5-5¾ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3½ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 2 Year Old - Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 SUSTAINA kg 3¾-4½ 4½-5½ 5¼-6½ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3¼ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Early to Medium Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 SUSTAINA kg 3¼-3¾ 3¾-4¼ 4¾-5¼ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2-2½ 2½-3 3-3½ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 4½ or ad lib 5½ or ad lib 3 Year Old & Older – Medium to Regular Strenuous Training Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 SUSTAINA kg 4¼-4¾ 4¾-5¼ 5¾-6¼ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2½-3 3-3½ 3½-4 Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 5 or ad lib 6½ or ad lib

15 12 9 8

RACING

Sustaina

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 7g PHOSPHORUS 4g MANGANESE 70mg COPPER 56mg IODINE 0.97mg ZINC 128mg COBALT 0.38mg CHLORIDE 13g SODIUM 6g MAGNESIUM 3g POTASSIUM 10g IRON 98mg MOLYBDENUM 1mg SELENIUM 0.3mg VITAMIN A 6476iu VITAMIN E 240iu VITAMIN D 1000iu VITAMIN C 500mg NIACIN 66mg THIAMIN 17mg VITAMIN B2 8mg PANTOTHENATE 24mg VITAMIN B6 6mg VITAMIN B12 30ug BIOTIN 664ug CHOLINE 1g FOLATE 6mg

Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight.

Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload and climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of SUSTAINA.

31

Athlete Plus

™

LEADING TRAINERS AGREE

RACING

MITAVITE ATHLETE PLUS is a concentrated feed, rich in scientifically balanced nutrients, trace minerals and electrolytes and is packed with high levels of essential amino acids in a horse specific profile to assist with the rapid replenishment of fuel stores and to aid recovery and muscle repair after fast work or racing. When mixed with grains, the palatable muesli style formulation of ATHLETE PLUS provides a complete ration for your high performance equine athlete.

This product contains BONAFIDE®

32

INGREDIENTS: FABA BEANS, ROASTED AND ROLLED LUPINS, SUNFLOWER SEEDS, VEGETABLE PROTEIN, VEGETABLE OILS (INCLUDING OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 9), LYSINE, METHIONINE, MOLASSES, SALTS, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS AND CHELATED MINERAL PROTEINATES, CHROMIUM YEAST CULTURE AND NATURAL ENZYMES.

Daily Feeding Guide 2 Year Old – Early to Medium Training Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 ATHLETE PLUS kg 1¼-1½ 1½-1¾ 1¾-2 Lucerne hay or chaff kg 2¾-3½ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib Steam-Extruded Grain kg 1¾-2 2½-3 3-3½ 2 Year Old - Medium to Regular Strenuous Work Expected mature bodyweight kg 400 500 600 ATHLETE PLUS kg 1¾ 1¾-2 2-2¼ Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2¾-3¼ 3-3½ 3½-4¼ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 2¾ or ad lib 4 or ad lib 4¾ or ad lib Steam-Extruded Grain kg 2-2½ 2½-3¼ 3-4 3 Year Old & Older – Early to Medium Work Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 ATHLETE PLUS kg 1¼-1½ 1½-1¾ 1¾-2 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2-2½ 2½-3 3-3½ Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 4½ or ad lib 5½ or ad lib Steam-Extruded Grain kg 1¾-2 2-2¼ 2¾-3 3 Year Old & Older – Medium to Regular Strenuous Work Bodyweight kg 400 500 600 ATHLETE PLUS kg 1½ 1¾-2 2 Lucerne chaff or hay kg 2½-3 3-3½ 3½-4 Cereal or meadow hay or chaff kg 4 or ad lib 5 or ad lib 6½ or ad lib Steam-Extruded Grain kg 2½-3 2¾-3½ 3½-4 Roughage (hay, chaff, pasture etc) should be fed at 1-1.5% of bodyweight. Amounts above are a guide. Total daily feed (concentrate + roughage) should be 2-3% of bodyweight depending on age, workload and climate. Refer to the exercise calculator on www.mitavite.com.au to determine classification of workload. The feeding guides are for temperate climates. In tropical climates increase the amount of ATHLETE PLUS..

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

12.5 25 12 10

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 17g PHOSPHORUS 9g MANGANESE 200mg COPPER 206mg IODINE 3.37mg ZINC 439mg COBALT 1.1mg CHLORIDE 45g SODIUM 19g MAGNESIUM 6g POTASSIUM 26g IRON 180mg MOLYBDENUM 3mg SELENIUM 0.7mg VITAMIN A 20500iu VITAMIN E 820iu VITAMIN D 4000iu QUINAQUANONE® 4666µg VITAMIN C 1000mg NIACIN 130mg THIAMIN 52mg VITAMIN B2 26mg PANTOTHENATE 53mg VITAMIN B6 12mg VITAMIN B12 121ug BIOTIN 2200ug CHOLINE 2g FOLATE 23mg

Mitavite® Extru® Grains – Provide Effective, Safe Feed-room Options Mitavite Extru® Corn Corn has long been used as an energy source in horse feeds. In its raw form it is poorly digested and when cracked, it oxidises quickly resulting in reduced nutritional value.

MITAVITE steam extruded corn is palatable, highly digestible and locks in the nutritional value for longer.

Mitavite Extru® Barley Barley is an excellent source of energy and fibre, making it a popular ingredient in horse rations. When fed raw barley is poorly digested in a horses small intestine. Rolling or steam-flaking improves digestibility a little, roasting significantly. Steam extrusion has the greatest effect, increasing digestibility to over 90% in the small intestine.

Mitavite Extru® Lupins Lupins are an excellent source of protein and can play a role in building and repairing all body tissue. Steam Extrusion not only improves digestibility, but limits the damage caused to the essential amino acids by processing such as pelleting, micronisation and dry extrusion.

Feeding Guide

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

16.5 10 6 2

DIGESTIBILITY (IN SMALL INTESTINE) STEAM EXTRUDED CORN 92% WHOLE CORN 29% CRACKED CORN 29% ROASTED CORN 65%

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

15 11 4 6

DIGESTIBILITY (IN SMALL INTESTINE) STEAM EXTRUDED BARLEY 92% WHOLE BARLEY 21% CRUSHED BARLEY 21% STEAM ROLLED/FLAKED BARLEY 48% ROASTED BARLEY 60% ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % FAT % FIBRE %

15.5 30 8 13

DIGESTIBILITY (IN SMALL INTESTINE) STEAM EXTRUDED LUPINS 92% WHOLE LUPINS 40% CRACKED LUPINS 45% ROASTED LUPINS 68%

If feeding by dipper, replace 1 dipper of raw, rolled or cracked grains with 1 dipper of MITAVITE EXTRU grains.

If feeding by weight, when changing from raw to MITAVITE EXTRU grains reduce the weight fed by 30%.

33

Vitamite® – New Science in Performance Supplements R

TR

ITI O

N

LE A DE

S

IN

U EQUIN E N

A supplement can enhance performance and well being in horses that need ‘more’ than a balanced ration. The majority of horses can be fed a MITAVITE complete feed with adequate roughage. At times due to injury, weight loss or gain, pasture imbalances and the need to push performance to the next level additional supplementation may be necessary.

VITAMITE have formulated supplements that provide nutrients that can enhance and accelerate well being and performance in certain situations.

Handy Hints • SUPER AMINO 66† increases muscling by providing a ‘horse perfect protein’ with a high level of branched chain amino acids that target muscle building • Feeding SUPER AMINO 66† with a milk replacer, plus adequate roughage is an excellent way to optimise the growth and development of the orphaned foal • Backward weanlings and yearlings have shown growth in height and muscle when supplemented with SUPER AMINO 66† • SUPER AMINO 66 is ideal for horses that need a little more condition or they are going off their feed †

• Mares that have a condition score below moderate would benefit from a course of SUPER AMINO 66†. Research suggests that an increasing plane of nutrition will increase fertility, particularly so in thinner mares • Convalescing horses benefit from a course of SUPER AMINO 66 to accelerate recovery

†

34

• ANAZOLIC is beneficial for any stud horse that is going off their feed. Stallions that have a large book of mares or have been overworked benefit from ANAZOLIC • PERFORMA 3 oil is beneficial for energy production, storage of fat-soluble vitamins, formation of hormones, building cell membranes, natural anti-inflammatory properties, increase red blood cell flexibility and improve immunity by the addition of garlic • The maximum benefits from oil occur after approximately two months, so it is best to introduce oil-enriched feeds and Omega 3 supplementation in early training • Adding 60-90g of BONE POWER* to the ration each day can balance calcium deficiencies in pasture due to oxalates, depending on the species of pasture present • Protecting young horses and racing 2 Year olds with BONAFIDE® may help increase bone density and lower the incidence of shin soreness

Vitamite® Supplement

BONAFIDE®

PERFORMA 3®

SUPER AMINO 66†

Improve muscling

4

Muscle recovery and repair

4

General pick me up

4

Orphaned foal

4

Backward weanlings or yearlings

4

Convalescing

4

Good doers

4

Appetite stimulant

4

Joint maintenance

4

Improve sperm health

4

Cool energy source

4

Red blood cell flexibility

4

Shin soreness

4

Improve bone density

4

ANAZOLIC®

BONE POWER*

4

4

4 4

4

4

4

4

Balance oxalate pastures

4 4

Tying up

4

Poor doers

4

Correct electrolyte imbalance

POWER-ON*

4

Correct calcium deficiencies

Increase cover

RELYTE

SUPPLEMENTS

Quick Guide

4 4

4

4 4

4

35

ANALYSIS (as fed) ENERGY DE (MJ/KG) PROTEIN % OILS % FIBRE % SALT %

VITAMITE POWER-ON is a highly digestible, steam extruded, concentrated rice extract that is suitable to be added to all equine diets to provide high levels of oil and cool energy to assist with conditioning and top line.

NUTRIENT LEVELS IN 1KG CALCIUM 18g PHOSPHOROUS 15g VITAMIN E 65Oiu SELENIUM 1mg

Power On provides a cool, safe, sustained energy level that minimises sugar fluctuations and spikes, compared with raw grains such as corn or barley. Exercising horses benefit from the increased levels of Selenium and Vitamin E that assist with muscle function and recovery, and the Ferulic Acid found in Power On provides natural anti-oxidants that protect cell membranes from exercise induced damage.

Simply add Power On to a Mitavite complete feed or nutrient balancer to: • Enhance condition for race horses and sport horses in work • For poor doers needing more weight • To enhance cover on yearlings being prepared for sale or show horses and ponies.

• For horses prone to tying up that need a low starch energy source • For fizzy horses needing a cool energy source • As an alternative to feeding raw grains INGREDIENTS: STABILISED RICE BRAN, RICE BRAN OIL, MINERAL SALTS, MOLASSES, HEAT STABLE VITAMINS, ANTI-OXIDANTS

Daily Feeding Guide Increase Cover or Bloom Equestrian Horses or Ponies Show Horses or Ponies Yearling Preparation Performance Horses Unconditioned Horses or Ponies Cool Energy Source Ponies Galloways Horses Tying Up All horse types Alternative to Raw Grains Racing Thoroughbreds, Racing Standardbreds and High Performance Sport Horses

Distributed in Australia and New Zealand by MITAVITE under licence from MITAVITE ASIA SDN BHD.

36

15 11 15 9 3

0.25-1.5kg 0.25-1.5kg 0.5-1.5kg 0.5-2kg 0.25-2kg 0.25-1kg 0.25-1.5kg 0.5-2kg Replace grain on a kg for kg basis 0.5-2kg Replace grain on a kg for kg basis 0.5-2kg

BONAFIDE Bonafide Explained ®

• The active ingredient in BONAFIDE is Quinaquanone†, a water soluble, bio-available form of Vitamin K1 & K2.

• Vitamin K1 & K2 has a critical effect on the function of osteocalcin, the bone protein that binds the mineral and protein in bone together.

Without sufficient Vitamin K the binding process is incomplete and low density or defective bone and cartilage are produced.1

Trial Results A recent trial shows marked increases in bone density on BONAFIDE treated two year olds 26 two year old thoroughbred racehorses at commencement of training for racing were divided into two groups. One group “BONAFIDE” received 7mg Vitamin K formulation each day in feed for six months. The other group (“Control”) received an apparently identical powder containing no Vitamin K. Digital radiographs of the left third metacarpal bone and an adjacent aluminium step wedge were taken at various intervals. The radiographic density of the bone and the step wedge were measured and RBAE (radiographic bone aluminium equivalence) calculated.12 At each subsequent measurement the RBAE for each horse was compared to its initial RBAE and the percentage change recorded.

• Vitamin K1 & K2 is naturally available in fresh, growing green pasture but it is highly unstable, being degraded by UV light, wilting or “wintering off.”2 • Horses that do not have constant access to high quality pasture are likely to be deficient in Vitamin K, leading to a reduction in bone density and bone strength.

• Horses removed from Vitamin K rich pasture and brought into a box/yard regime have demonstrated a reduction in bone density within 7-10 days.

• There is an established correlation between bone density and the incidence of OCDs and DODs in yearlings and DMD (shinsoreness) in 2 year olds.

• BONAFIDE is the first product to contain provide a stable, Quinaquanone, a bioavailable form of Vitamin K1 and K2.

Available in 1.5kg, 3kg and 20kg pails

SUPPLEMENTS

®

Percentage change in radiographic bone density 6 months trial in 26 2-year olds in training 10 9 8 7 6 %5 4 3 2 1 0

Bonafide® Control

Sep-08

Oct-08 Nov-08 Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Days Treatment

Mean percentage change in RBAE over time Days 12/09/08 14/10/08 31/12/08 2/02/09 BONAFIDE 0 1.04 4.54 7.68 Control 0 0.35 2.82 3.97

8/05/09 9.05 5.02

Bonafide® is now available in selected Mitavite® feeds.

The MITAVITE range of super premium breeding and race feeds now contain BONAFIDE. These include the market leading race feeds FORMULA 3, ATHLETE PLUS and XLR8, our trusted breeding feeds BREEDA, PROMITA and YEARLING PREP, our speciality feed for old horses GUMNUTS and our muesli concentrate MUNGA.

37

®

SUPER AMINO 66 Lean muscle mass and strong bone is built by providing good quality protein, amino acids and vitamins and minerals that target muscle and bone growth and remodelling. Super Amino 66 contains 66% horse perfect protein and an amino acid profile plus vitamins and minerals that may assist in the development of lean muscle and strong bones.

The 66% horse perfect protein found in Super Amino 66 is complemented by all 10 essential amino acids and increased levels of the valuable Branched Chain Amino Acids that may be beneficial in the building and the repair of muscle plus added antioxidants that may be of assistance in enhancing recovery after work. Super Amino 66 contains a full complement of vitamins and minerals. It is a favourable addition to any horses ration that need their performance and preparation accelerated and enhanced. If you are serious about performance you need to have one supplement in your feed room and it should be Super Amino 66.

This product contains BONAFIDE INGREDIENTS: VITAMITE SUPER AMINO 66† contains a balanced blend of 12 Branched Chain (BCAA) and Essential Amino Acids (EAA), including Leucine, Isoleucine, Valine, Lysine and Methionine in a “horse-specific” profile. VITAMITE SUPER AMINO 66 also provides a comprehensive range of vitamins and minerals, including 1mg/kg Selenium. Protein 66%.

Yearling Preparation

Race and Performance Horses

Essential amino acids and BCAA build good top line and muscle definition.

Bonafide assists in keeping bones strong and dense.

Horse perfect protein and essential amino acids build strong lean muscle Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAA) increase the muscle building power of the feed.

BCAA may be rapidly converted to energy to contribute to the ‘fuel tank’ during races and competition.

Antioxidants can reduce oxidative damage after exercise, improving recovery times.

Bonafide may improve bone geometry and density, that may contribute lowering shin soreness in 2 year olds.

Older Horses Increased nutrients and a horse perfect protein helps to keep older horses in peak condition

SUPER AMINO 66

Backward Weanlings and Orphaned Foals Essential Amino Acids, vitamins, minerals and Bonafide, assists to enhance the growth in height and muscle of young growing horses.

Horses needing more top line and muscle Convalescing Correct levels of protein, anti-oxidants, Bonafide, vitamins and minerals help to re-build and repair.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE: Mix in morning or evening feed.

One heaped scoop (supplied) holds 200g of VITAMITE SUPER AMINO 66.

Feed 1 – 4 heaped scoops (200g – 800g) per horse per day.

AS A GUIDE • Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses in work - 0.5g per kg bodyweight per day (200g for a 400kg horse).

• Poorly conditioned horses and poor milking broodmares - 1g per kg bodyweight per day (400g for a 400kg horse).

38

Available in 3kg & 10kg and 20kg pails

• Recuperating, ill or injured horses - 1.5g – 2 g per kg bodyweight per day (600g to 800g for a 400kg horse).

Good quality protein with the right balance of essential amino acids helps to build lean muscle mass and top line.

PERFORMA•3 Getting the balance right with Fish and Vegetable oils rich in Omega 3.

• Omega 6 oils have a proinflammatory affect on joints, skin and hooves. By moving the balance of power to the Omega 3 oils inflammatory responses are reduced.

Omega 3 oils are a group of unsaturated fatty acids that cannot be synthesised by the horse and are therefore required in the diet. The three essential omega 3 fatty acids are: a-linolenic acid which is found in vegetable oils such as canola and linseed. The other longer chain Omega 3 fatty acids are only found in fish oil. These are Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docoshohexanoic acid (DHA). As DHA and EPA are absent from plant food sources and the conversion of a-linolenic acid to DHA and EPA is inefficient the most direct way of providing these valuable long chain Omega 3 oils is by supplementation. PERFORMA 3 oil provides serious levels of DHA and EPA.

• Research on horses supplemented with fish oil found the horses had lower heart rates and lower packed cell volumes during exercise. This can have a favourable impact on the time to fatigue.

Research in human and animal nutrition have provided many advantages for feeding Omega 3 rich oils, particularly DHA and EPA.

• Omega 3 supplementation enhances red blood cell formation, suppleness and flexibility. There is an improvement in blood vessel strength, elasticity of connective tissue and membrane flexibility with Omega 3 supplementation.

SUPPLEMENTS

®

• Lung health improves due to decreased inflammation and improved blood circulation. This can be beneficial for horses with Exercise Induced Pulmonary Haemorrhaging.

• Omega 3 supplementation increases insulin sensitivity. This increases the uptake and storage of glucose and ultimately the energy available to the horse.

• Bone and lipid metabolism is improved when Omega 3 fatty acids are used.

• Cartilage degradation and the pain and inflammation associated with degenerative joint disease such as arthritis is reduced with Omega 3 supplementation.

• Anxiety and anti-stress responses are reduced with fish oil supplementation, including improvement in nervous system structure and function.

• DHA-rich Omega 3 supplements are beneficial to the breeding stallion by enhancing fertility and improving sperm motility when the semen has been frozen.

PERFORMA 3 oil helps to keep the balance right by combining Omega 3 rich vegetable and fish oils with added garlic to increase immunity.

Available in 5L, 20L & 200L packs

39

®

ANAZOLIC

™

BONE POWER

Registered with APVMA as an appetite stimulant for horses

Calcium Complex for Maximum Bioavailability

Anazolic® is a potent source of gamma-oryzanol.

Calcium is an essential mineral, supporting correct, healthy bone development and remodelling in growing and adult horses. Many grasses, including kikuyu, buffel, pangola, setaria, stargrass and panics contain high levels of oxalate, which bind calcium, limiting it’s availability to grazing horses even when pasture is plentiful.

Vitamite Anazolic® is Australia’s first registered source of supplementary gamma oryzanol, providing over 1200mg per dose to reach levels necessary for improved appetite.

Gamma Oryzanol, a natural, plant derived anti-oxidant, has been shown to be anabolic and have a protective effect against stress induced stomach ulcers in other species.

Anazolic® is a valuable nutritional tool for:

Vitamite Bone Power™ uses advanced complexing technology to optimise calcium uptake.

• Palatable high-dose Calcium Supplement

• Horses with reduced appetite under hard work or racing • Yearlings being prepared for sale • Horses that require more topline and muscling

• Prepared using advanced complexing technology to optimise Calcium bioavailability • Contains a significantly large dose of vitamin D to enhance Calcium uptake • High doses of B vitamins and Trace minerals essential for bone health • Restores Calcium-Phosphorus balance in horses on high grain or high phytate diets • Allows Calcium availalability in horses on pastures containing oxalates Regular Administration: If feeding Lucerne, mix 30g (one scoop) into feed in both morning and evening rations (60g per day). Without Lucerne increase dose to 90g per day If using for the first time gradually increase dosage to recommended levels.

Anazolic is available in 2.5kg & 10kg pails Not available in New Zealand

40

Bone Power is available in 5kg and 20kg pails

®

SUPPLEMENTS

RE-LYTE

Vitamite Re-Lyte is a scientific blend of chelated mineral salts that is closely matched to the horses sweat to replace the correct quantity of electrolytes in the horse. Horses fed Mitavite feeds to recommended levels will generally not need additional electrolytes, unless under veterinary advice.

Electrolytes are an important part of the horses diet and are needed by the horse daily to regulate the correct acid base balance to prevent dehydration, for proper nerve and muscle function and enzyme action. Imbalances in electrolytes can affect performance, feed intake, muscle and heart function and bring on fatigue sooner.

Re-Lyte provides the correct balance of electrolytes in a high quality bioavailable, well absorbed formula. Re-Lyte has been formulated to be fed in addition to Mitavite feeds for horses that need additional electrolytes. Veterinarians usually recommend Re-Lyte when additional electrolytes are required.

Re-Lyte helps to keep your horse’s electrolytes in the right balance by providing a quality electrolyte mix matched to your horse’s needs.

When feeding electrolytes always ensure your horse has ad lib access to fresh water.

Electrolyte Mineral Concentration 50 Re-Lyte

40

Horse’s sweat 30 % 20 10 0 Sodium

Available in 2kg, 10kg and 20kg pails

Potassium

Magnesium

Chloride

Calcium

Electrolyte

41

Mitavite® Diet Analysis Service Yellow bars show acceptable range. Green stripe shows levels in this ration. Top of blue is minimum requirement. Red is surplus or excessive.

Our team of nutritionists provide a state of the art diet analysis service to our customers that is quick to read and easy to interpret. The colour coded graphs show at a glance if your diet is providing any vitamins, minerals or nutrients that are outside the recommended range for your horse or pony.

The service can be used for all classes of horses, whether they are sport horses or ponies, youngstock or race horses in full work.

14.6

170

11.7

135

2231

1405

3220

5561

3513

1054

1917

1171

351

1405

181

120

111

36

101

213

493

107

197

43

3944

The example on the diet illustrated shows a standard FORMULA 3 diet.

This service is available by visiting the Nutritional Support Tab on our website and completing the Diet Analysis Request Form.

1522

991 468

30

32

500

EXERCISE LEVEL

24

AGE YEARS BWT NOW KG

T 59 1g FI BR NO E N30 FIB 53 RE g CH O SO 27 L. 02 ST g AR CH RE 11 S. 25 ST g AR CH 46 0g SU GA R PO 63 2g TA SS IU M 15 9g SO DI UM 53 CA g LC IU M MA 79 GN g ES IU PH M 27 OS g PH OR US 50 CH g LO RI DE DC 6 2g AB 33 3M eq /K g LY SI NE 69 CH g OL IN E 34 35 g

CR UD E

FA

16 54 g

14 5M J

13 kg

GY

EI N PR OT

Wednesday, 11 January 2012

EN ER

TA L

FE E

D

FORMULA 3 Racehorse Full Work

(ESTIM.) MATURE BODYWEIGHT KG

986 32

TO

DATE:

351

15

Mitavite

CLIENT : HORSES :

39

52

4 1792

1792

1753

448

9.0

5.8

4.5

49

18

2959

18

19

45

740

158

79

197

43

164

79

17

66

4439

493 `

123

1.2

0.6

3

3

62 185

986

91 4m CO g PP ER 35 8m g IO DI NE 5.3 SE m LE g NI UM 2.5 m CO g BA LT 2.6 mg VI T A 48 KI U VI T D 14 KI U VI T E 19 82 VI IU T K1 &K 2 7m g BI OT IN 4m FO g LA TE 39 m NI g AC IN 55 3 mg VI T B1 99 m g VI T B2 76 m g VI T B5 19 3m g VI T B6 39 m VI g T B1 21 50 m g VI T C 37 50 m g

493

18

6

C

42 0m g

493

986

2.9

ZI N

ES E

m

g

493

GA N

2.000 3.000 1.500 2.000

41

22

18 00

Oaten Chaff 6 Oaten Hay 6 Lucerne Chaff 16 Lucerne Hay 19

KG 5.000

MA N

DAILY INGREDIENTS MITAVITE FORMULA3

IR ON

5 1 2 3 4 5

Visit www.mitavite.com.au TOTAL KG

42

13.500

Mitavite® in Asia SINGAPORE Thoroughbred racing is a major sport in Singapore and Mitavite is the first choice of many leading trainers including champion trainers, Steven Burridge and Pat Shaw. Steven relies on a mix of Sustaina, Formula 3,Vitamite Cool Performer and Performa 3 oil to get the best out of his team while Pat Shaw provides the extra kick he needs in Rocket Man's diet on the international stage with our Extruded Corn.

MALAYSIA Mitavite has a very strong presence in the Equestrian market and features at most major events around Malaysia. Team Mitavite includes some of the sport’s elite riders, many of whom compete Internationally. Mitavite’s range of rice bran based feeds, marketed under the Vitamite brand, are a popular choice with riders as they suit the Thoroughbred horses that are mostly used in the Malaysian equestrian scene. It helps them perform in the trying tropical conditions of Malaysia.

Mitavite race feeds are also very popular with Malaysia's leading race horse trainers, many of whom have been loyal Mitavite users for many years. Mitavite are proud race sponsors at each of the 3 Turf Clubs every year.

THAILAND Polo, a very popular sport in Thailand, are strong supporters of Mitavite feeds. The high energy levels in Mitavite’s feeds support the demands of the sport and aid rapid post competition recovery, which is essential in the sport.

Mitavite have a close relationship with the Thailand Polo Association and pride ourselves in the solid support of Thailand’s major clubs.

STH KOREA The popularity of the Mitavite range is growing daily in the South Korean racing scene. Busan, the latest of the racing tracks to be added to the circuit is our biggest market. Sustaina is the feed of choice to over 70% of the 900 horses strong racing community. Performa 3 oil is added to the Sustaina and together, they have become our fastest growing market globally over the last 2 years.

MAURITIUS Mauritius has always been one of Mitavite’s strongest export countries. Mitavite race feeds supply 80% of the racing market. Mitavite’s nutrition team provide a comprehensive diet analysis service and support program. With the support of all the leading trainers, Mitavite fed horses have won all the Cup races season after season. While the Island of Mauritius is only very small, their boutique Turf Club s steeped in history and as such, holds an iconic place in world racing.

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Mitavite Commercial Bulk and mini bulk delivery systems At MITAVITE we are continually striving to reduce the impact of our manufacturing and distribution processes on the environment.

An effective method of achieving this is the supply of MITAVITE breeding and spelling feeds in one of our 2 bulk delivery options.

Bulk Mitavite® delivered into silo BREEDA, STUDGRO, PROMITA concentrate and a number of custom mixes can be supplied to many areas using a bulk blower truck. Loads are usually either 12 or 24 tonnes. This delivery and storage method offers considerable cost savings and may reduce manual handling in the feed room.

As with our feedmill, our blower trucks are designated “equine only” for the safety of your horses and for your peace of mind.

Bulka bag delivery Bulka bags hold approximately 750kgs of MITAVITE steam extruded feed and are designed for a single trip to your property. MITAVITE bulka bags are fitted with an easy-to-open bottom shoot if the bag is suspended. Suitable lifting equipment is required to unload bulka bags.

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“Manufactured in an equine only feedmill for your horses safety” This simple phrase on the front of every bag of MITAVITE feed makes a clear statement that as a company we have put the interests of your horse first.

To maximize the return on investment in plant and machinery most feed millers produce feed for multiple species, including dogs, poultry, pigs and cattle. Many ingredients used in these feeds are highly toxic to horses.

Despite often rigorous procedures history has shown that contamination of horse feed can and does occur in multi species feed mills, with consequences ranging from positive swabs and disqualification to sickness and even death.

At MITAVITE we take pride in the fact that we manufacture our horse feed at a dedicated equine only facility. As a further safeguard we strictly monitor raw material quality and integrity and work with “equine only” transport contractors to eliminate the risk of raw material contamination.

Nutritional Support Mitavite’s Centaur Nutrition Support Program is a comprehensive monitoring program that tracks the progress of individual weanlings and yearlings to ensure that weight and height targets are being met and are within accepted ranges. Data collected on farm is analysed by our nutrition team and a report is prepared on each individual. Results are then discussed with the Stud and diets changes made to ensure optimal growth and performance. The Centaur Program is made available at no charge to Commercial Mitavite users.

NOTES

Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited ABN 20 008 447 345 This document is not intended to contain any advice or recommendation. This document has been prepared without taking account of your objectives, situation or needs. Having regard to those matters, you should consider the appropriateness of this document for you and seek independent technical and legal advice.

All recipients should conduct their own independent review, inquiry, investigation, diligence, verification and analysis in respect of the information in this document and any matter arising out of it. The information in this document has been prepared based on certain assumptions, statistical data and estimates at the time of preparation.

Changes in circumstances (which may be outside the control of INGHAM) may occur at any time, rendering assumptions, estimates, forecasts, projections or other forward-looking material inapplicable.

References.

1. Biffin JR, Regtop HL, Crowley JB, Talbot AM (2008) Osteocalcin carboxylation, Vitamin K and bone integrity in thoroughbred yearlings. Proc Aust Equine Sc Symp 2:36 2. Biffin JR, Regtop HL, Talbot AM (2008) Pasture content and availability of Vitamin K in yearlings. Proc Aust Equine Sc Symp 2:54 3. Ensminger ME, Oldfield JE, Heinemann WW (1990) Feeds & Nutrition 2nd Ed. Ensminger Publishing Co, Clovis Ca.

INGHAM expressly disclaims, and you agree to release it and its officers and employees from, all liability (whether in tort, contract, equity or otherwise) for any loss, damage, cost, expense or other liability, incurred directly or indirectly by you or any other person in connection with this document, any omission from it, or your receipt or use of it, your reliance on it or your disclosure of it to any person.

4. NRC (2007) Nutrient Requirements of Horses. 6th Ed. National Academy Press, Washington DC. 5. Popplewell JC, Topliff DR, Freeman DW, Breazile JE. (1993) Effects of Dietary Cation-Anion Balance and Blood Parameters in Anaerobically Exercised Horses. Proc Equine Nutr Physiol Soc 13:229-235 6. Traber MG (2008). Vitamin E and K interactions – a 50-year-old problem. Nutrition Reviews 66(11) 624-629.

7. Niki E, Noguchi N, Tsuchihashi H, Gotoh N (1995). Interaction among Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Beta-carotene. Am J Clin Nutr 62(suppl):1322s-6s.

8. Kagan VE, Serbinova RA, Bakalova RA, Stoytchev TS, Erin AN, Prilipko LL, Evstigneeva RP (1990). Mechanisms of Stabilization of Biomembranes by Alpha-Tocopherol. Biochemical Pharmacology 40(11): 2403-2413.

9. Hargreaves BJ (2002). Vitamin E Status of Thoroughbred Horses and the Antioxidant Status of Endurance Horses. pHD Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute.

10. Suttie JW (2009). Vitamin K in Health and Disease. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

11. Litwack G (Ed) (2008). Vitamins and Hormones Vol 28: Vitamin K. Elsevier Inc. London, UK. 12. Biffin JR, Regtop HL, Sramek GS, Walker JR (2010). Agricure Pty Ltd Braemar NSW. Unpublished data.

We would like to sincerely thank the following people for providing the photographs used throughout this 2nd edition of the Mitavite Handbook; Julie Wilson, Peter Stoop, Rachel Smith, Ed Thurstan, Bronwen Healey, Robynne Metcalfe, Belinda Mason, Jane Robinson, Sally H., Race Images NZ, Gavin Kenna, Bruno Cannatelli, Bob Lapointe, Suzanne Hull, Carol Allison, Karen Waterman, Narelle Wockner, Weehan Yeo, Armand Ali, Marwan Mahmud, Abdul Halim Ismail, Snap Touch Photography, Derek O’Leary and Roz Neave.

® Registered trade marks of Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited in Australia and various parts of the world and all rights of reproduction are reserved. These trade marks may not be used as a trade mark or in connection with the supply of any goods or services by any other person without the prior written permission of Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited. ™ Trade marks or pending trade marks of Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited in Australia and various parts of the world and all rights of reproduction are reserved. These trade marks may not be used as a trade mark or in connection with the supply of any goods or services by any other person without the prior written permission of Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited. * Registered trade marks of MITAVITE ASIA SDN BHD and used under licence by Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited in Australia and New Zealand. †

Quinaquanone and SuperAmino 66 are trade marks of Agricure Pty Limited and used by Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited under authorisation from Agricure Pty Limited.

®†

The products sold under the BonaFide trade mark are manufactured and packaged by Agricure Pty Limited who use and apply the VITAMITE trade mark under licence from Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited.

MITAVITE ASIA SDN BHD is a separate company and is not a related company to Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited (or Mitavite).

Design & Layout. Jane Robinson. You Tarzan Pty Ltd. jane@utarzan.com

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Mitavite (A division of Inghams Enterprises Pty Ltd) 3 Pile Rd. Somersby NSW 2250 Australia P. +612 43409600 F. +612 43404680 E. mitaviteenquiries@inghams.com.au W. www.mitavite.com.au