Next Denim Supply chain report

Organic Denim supplier

MA in Contemporary Fashion Buying Product Development and Supply Chain Management ELEMENT 2 Individual Report

Student name: Mingzhu Wang, Student ID: 052929 Date: 28/06/2019 Words Count:1166

Student name Ying-Chen, Lai

Student ID

053279

Academic Year

MA

Course: Contemporary fashion buying

1

Content 1. Executive summery 2. Introduction 3. Denim pollution issue 4. Organic denim 5. Organic cotton production 6. Denim fabric export to EU 7. Denim Country Comparison 8. Next In-store research 9. Comp shop research 10.Recommendation 11.Conclusion 12.other consideration 13.Reference 14.Appendix

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Sustainable fashion has always been an increasingly covered topic worldwide and more and more clothing companies are transforming their business models and improving their supply chains to reduce overall environmental impacts ( Greenstrategy.se, n.d.)In order to help the next company sources more sustainably by using organic denim for its new denim collection that will be launched in Sep 2019. This review is primarily concerned with the basic introduction of the organic denim and its production market, and detailed comparisons of the potential organic denim supplier country.

The research method concludes primary research by pointing out the importance of using organic cotton to achieve the sustainability strategy and analyzing the organic cotton production market worldwide with giving data analysis. And through reliable online resources, the organic denim market of 5 candidate countries (Bangladesh, India, China, Pakistan, Turkey) are compared. Second research was conducted by visiting next stores and research the basic supply of denim product of next, also through competitor research to find more supports toward the supplier choice.

Based on those researches, 3 countries are chosen for the main supplier of NEXT core denim products and based on the fashionability level of the collection and 2 countries are chosen to supply for the fashion product with 3 phases.

Next is considered as the seconded biggest retailer in the UK, with the aim of offering exciting, beautifully designed, excellent quality clothing that is sourced responsibly and provides outstanding value to meet the customers’ expectations (Nextplc.co.uk, 2019). In order to attract a younger generation and help Next implement a sustainable development strategy, the focus category was targeted on organic denim with a relatively acceptable price.

In order to work in concert with NEXT’s poisoning and driving change in supply chains to find innovative solutions for greater transparency. The aim of this report is to research different suppliers offer sustainable organic denim and evaluate the chosen supply chain, as well as appraising its efficiency in meeting buying strategies.

An a ve r a g e c o n s u m e r o w n s s e v e n d e n i m p r o d u c ts a t a n y g i ve n ti m e ( M i r d h a , 2 0 1 7 ) . It’ s e s ti m a te d th a t a s i n g l e m i l l ca n u s e 2 0 0 to n s o f fr e sh w a te r p e r to n o f d ye d fa b r i c ( M u r r a y, 2 0 1 6 ) . Wi th a n i n c r e a se i n a w a r e n e s s a m o n g c o n su m e r s , th e d e n i m i n d u s tr y i s s h i fti n g to w a r d s su sta i n a b l e p r o d u c ti o n m e th o d s a n d e co - fr i e n d l y j e a n s ( C l o th i n g i n d u s tr y .b l o g s p o t.co m , 2 0 1 8 ) . It i s k n o w n th a t C o tto n i s th e k e y r a w m a te r i a l fo r d e n i m , w h i l e th e p r o c e ss o f c o tto n p r o d u c ti o n n e e d s l o ts o f w a te r a n d p e s ti c i d e s u se d a l s o h a r m fu l to th e e n v i r o n m e n t. Th u s , s u sta i n a b l e d e n i m c a n b e p r o d u c e d b y r e d u ci n g w a te r co n su m p ti o n , e n e r g y a n d c h e m i c a l s .

Or g a n i c co tto n i s c o tto n g r o w n w i th o u t th e u se o f s y n th e ti c fe r ti l i z e r s a n d h a r m fu l p e sti c i d e so th a t m a k e s fo r b e tte r s o i l fo r fu tu r e c r o p s. Th u s , i t’ s m u c h b e tte r fo r th e e n v i r o n m e n t ( We a r e th o u g h t.c o m , n .d .)

Ac c o r d i n g to th e s u sta i n a b l e d e v e l o p m e n t e sta b l i s h e d b y U .N . Su s ta i n a b l e D e ve l o p m e n t Go a l s ( SD Gs ) , Or g a n i c c o tto n p l a y s a c r u c i a l r o l e i n h e l p i n g c o u n tr i e s a ch i e v e th e SD Gs b y r e g e n e r a ti n g a n d n u r tu r i n g th e e a r th , r e s o u r c e s , a n d p e o p l e . Or g a n i c c o tto n h a s m a d e a s i g n i fi c a n t c o n tr i b u ti o n to En d Po v e r ty, R e d u c e d In e q u a l i ti e s , a n d Pe a c e , J u s ti ce a n d Str o n g In s ti tu ti o n s . – p r o v i d i n g m a r k e t- d r i v e n p o ve r ty s o l u ti o n s th a t r e d u ce i n e q u a l i ty, r e d u ci n g i n e q u a l i ty b y r a i s i n g a g r i cu l tu r a l i n c o m e s, a n d p r o m o ti n g i n cl u si v e so c i e ti e s th r o u g h i ts r e l i a n ce o n co o p e r a ti v e w o r k i n g ( Te x ti l e Ex ch a n g e , 2 0 1 8 ) .

Th e r e a r e 1 8 c o u n tr i e s i n th e world now produce organic c o tto n , th e p r o d u c ti o n i n c r e a s e d r a p i d l y d u r i n g th e period of 2006-2009 and th e n s h o w e d a s te a d y g r o w th tr e n d a fte r 2 0 1 3 . In 2 0 1 7 , g l o b a l o r g a n i c c o tto n p r o d u c ti o n r e a c h e d a r o u n d 1 2 0 ,0 0 0 M T fi b r e , r e p r e s e n ti n g a g r o w th o f 1 0 % . An d th e m o s t p a r t i s fr o m C h i n a , fu e l e d b y g r o w i n g d e m a n d b o th fr o m th e o r g a n i c d a i r y i n d u s tr y a n d i ts d o m e s ti c d e m a n d s ( a b o u to r g a n i c c o tto n .o r g , 2017).

Or g a n i c c o tto n p r o d u c ti o n i s c o n c e n tr a te d i n In d i a ( 5 1 % o f to ta l p r o d u c ti o n ) a n d C h i n a ( 1 9 % ) , to g e th e r th e y n o w p r o d u c e m o r e th a n 7 0 % o f th e w o r l d o r g a n i c co tto n s u p p l y . Oth e r r e l e v a n t p r o d u c e r s i n te r m s o f vo l u m e a r e Tu r ke y ( 7 % ) a n d Kyr g y z s ta n ( 7 % ) .

An o th e r tr e n d s h o u l d b e n o te d i s th a t o v e r 5 0 % o f th e c u r r e n t c e r ti fi e d l a n d a r e a a r e a s u b s ta n ti a l a r e a o f co tto n g r o w i n g l a n d i n tr a n s i ti o n to o r g a n i c c o tto n . Ov e r 8 0 % o f th i s i n - c o n v e r s i o n l a n d i s i n In d i a , w i th th e r e m a i n d e r fr o m Pa k i s ta n , C h i n a , Ta n z a n i a , a n d Tu r k e y ( a b o u to r g a n i cc o tto n .o r g , 2 0 1 7 ) .

Ba n g l a d e s h a n d M e xi c o a r e th e to p d e n i m fa b r i c i m p o r ti n g c o u n tr i e s . To p d e n i m fa b r i c e x p o r ti n g co u n tr i e s i n c l u d e C h i n a , Pa ki s ta n , Tu r k e y, In d i a a n d Br a z i l ( J c r vi s .c o m .p k, 2 0 1 8 ) . Si n c e th e c o n ce p t o f th e d e n i m c o l l e c ti o n o f N EXT ta r g e ts fo r o r g a n i c d e n i m , b a se d o n th e a n a l ys i s a b o ve , In d i a , C h i n a , Tu r k e y, Pa k i s ta n a n d Ba n g l a d e s h a r e a m o n g th e b e s t c o u n tr y to so u r c e organic denim.

In o r d e r to h a v e a d e e p u n d e r sta n d i n g o f th e str e n g th a n d p o te n ti a l o f th e su s ta i n a b i l i ty o f th e organic denim product supplier, d e e p r e se a r c h i s i n ve s ti g a te d to co m p a r e th e s tr e n g th a n d w e a k n e ss o f th e 5 o r g a n i c d e n i m su p p l i e r c o u n tr i e s. Th e d e ta i l e d a n a l y se s se e a p p e n d i x 1 .1 - 1 .5 .

Th r o u g h i n - s to r e r e s e a r c h , i t i s fo u n d th a t N e x t d o e s n ’ t o ffe r a n y s u s ta i n a b l e d e n i m p r o d u c ts . Wh i l e th e c o m p e ti to r b r a n d l i ke M &S co l l a b o r a te s w i th Te n c e l fa b r i c to o ffe r m o r e s u s ta i n a b l e d e n i m to th e p u b l i c . Th e c u r r e n t s u p p l i e r o f d e n i m p r o d u c t m a i n l y fr o m th e c o u n tr y o f Ba n g l a d e sh , o ve r 6 0 % o f th e d e n i m p r o d u cts a r e m a d e i n Ba n g l a d e s h a n d fo l l o w e d b y C a m b o d i a a n d Pa k i sta n b u t o n l y 1 5 % a n d 8 % s e p a r a te l y.

Ac co r d i n g to th e Te x ti l e Ex c h a n g e R e p o r t 2 0 1 8 , H &M g r o u p i s th e s e c o n d b i g g e st u se r o f r e c y cl e d a n d o r g a n i c c o tto n . Th e s u s ta i n a b l e str a te g y o f th e H &M g r o u p c o n c l u d e s th e v i s i o n o f 1 0 0 % ci r cu l a r & r e n e w a b l e ( H m g r o u p .c o m , 2 0 1 8 ) . An d th r o u g h H &M In - sto r e r e s e a r c h , i t i s fo u n d th a t th e d e n i m p r o d u ct i n - sto r e m a i n l y s o u r c e d fr o m Ba n g l a d e sh , C h i n a e tc. a n d w i th i ts c o n s c i o u s s u s ta i n a b l e p r o d u ct m a d e fr o m Pa k i s ta n . H &M h a s tw o ty p e s o f c o n sc i o u s d e n i m : Or g a n i c D e n i m , w h i ch i s m a d e fr o m o r g a n i c c o tto n , a n d ” C l o s e th e L o o p ” d e n i m , w h i ch i s p a r tl y m a d e fr o m r e c yc l e d c o tto n ( H &M , 2 0 1 9 ) . It i s a l s o i n v e s ti g a te d th a t th e o r g a n i c d e n i m p r o d u ct fr o m w e e k d a y s ( a n o th e r s u b - b r a n d o f H &M g r o u p ) a l so s o u r c e d fr o m Pa k i sta n .

M &S w o r k w i th TEN C EL ™ D e n i m th a t g i v e s c u sto m e r s p e a c e o f m i n d k n o w i n g th e i r p r o d u cts a r e e c o - r e s p o n s i b l e a n d h a v e a l o w c a r b o n fo o tp r i n t.

Th e fa b r i c o f J e a n s c o n ta i n i n g TEN C EL ™ L y o c e l l a r e p r o d u ce d u s i n g l o w a m o u n ts o f w a te r ( Te n ce l .co m , 2 0 1 9 ) , th e s u s ta i n a b l e c y cl e s e e s th e fi g u r e b e l o w . An d th r o u g h i n - sto r e r e s e a r c h , i t i s fo u n d th a t s u s ta i n a b l e d e n i m p r o d u cts a r e m a i n l y m a d e i n Ba n g l a d e s h .

Ba s e d o n th e d e e p r e s e a r c h o f th e 5 p o te n ti a l o r g a n i c d e n i m p r o d u c ti o n c o u n tr y , fr o m th e p e r s p e c ti v e s o f o r g a n i c co tto n s u p p l y, p r i c e , l a b o u r co s t, c a r b o n fo o tp r i n t a n d l e a d ti m e , a n d ta r i ff p o l i cy , th e r e su l ts a r e r a n k e d i n th e o r d e r o f 1 - 5 , a n d th e a ve r a g e va l u e i s o b ta i n e d . Th e h i g h e s t c o m p r e h e n si v e v a l u e i s Tu r k e y 3 .5 , fo l l o w e d b y Pa k i s ta n 3 .4 2 , Ba n g l a d e s h 3 .1 7 , a n d In d i a 2 .7 5 .

It c a n th e r e fo r e b e c o n cl u d e d th a t b a se d o n th e l o c a ti o n a n d i n n o va ti o n o f th e te c h n o l o g y i n tu r k e y , i t’ s th e b e s t ch o i c e fo r N e x t to p r o d u ci n g th e fa s h i o n a n d h i g h fa sh i o n p r o d u c t, si n ce th e p r o d u c ts w i th h i g h e r fa s h i o n a b i l i ty u s e d to h a v e m o r e d e ta i l s a n d i t’ s m o r e fl e x i b l e fo r th e r e ta i l e r to c h e c k th e fi t a n d tr i m s o f th e p r o d u c ts a n d e a sy to c o n tr o l th e q u a l i ty o f th e p r o d u cts w i th i n s h o r t d i s ta n c e . An d a s fo r th e c o r e p r o d u c ts w h i ch h a v e l o w e r i n ta k e m a r g i n a n d th e d e si g n te n d to b e m o r e b a si c a n d s i m p l e r , so c o n s i d e r i n g th e b u d g e t a n d co s t, In d i a a n d Ba n g l a d e sh a r e ch o s e n a s th e c o u n tr y to o ffe r th e co r e p r o d u c ts.

H o w e ve r , C h i n a h a s th e l o w e s t o v e r a l l p o i n t, c o n s i d e r i n g i ts c o n ti n u i n g i n c r e a si n g l a b o u r c o s t a n d l o n g d i s ta n c e a s w e l l a s h i g h d u ty .

Fi n a l l y, th e c r i ti c a l p a th ( fi g u r e 1 1 ) i s c a l c u l a te d g i v e n th e s ta n d a r d ti m e l i n e a n d d e l i v e r y ti m e , s e e fi g u r e 1 2 .

To a c h i e v e s u sta i n a b i l i ty i s n o t e n o u g h j u s t co n s i d e r i n g th e s o u r ce o f o r g a n i c d e n i m , o th e r co n c e r n s s h o u l d b e a w a r e th r o u g h th e C SR r e sp o n s i b i l i ty th a t: Ec o n o m i c Su sta i n a b i l i ty En v i r o n m e n ta l Su s ta i n a b i l i ty So c i a l Su s ta i n a b i l i ty Al s o , n e w c o n ce p t i s p r o p o s e d th r o u g h th e d e e p u n d e r sta n d i n g o f th e p r o d u ct l i fe cy c l e , th r o u g h th e fo l l o w i n g co n ce p ts : Go i n g fr o m l i n e a r to c i r c u l a r l i fe c y c l e s ( s e e a p p e n d i x 6 ) M o v i n g fr o m a c r a d l e - to - g r a ve to a c r a d l e - to - c r a d l e a p p r o a c h ( M c D o n o u g h a n d Br a u n g a r t, 2 0 0 9 )

Akte r, A. a n d Al Ma h fu z, M. (2 0 1 8 ). An o ve rvi e w o f Tu rki sh te xti l e s a n d cl o th i n g i n d u stry. [o n l i n e ] Te xti l e N e w s, Ap p a re l N e w s, R MG N e w s, Fa sh i o n Tre n d s.

Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .te xti l e to d a y.co m.b d /o ve rvi e w -tu rki sh -te xti l e s-cl o th i n g i n d u stry/ [Acce sse d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

An d e r ss o n , J ., Be r g , A., H e d r i ch , S., Ib a n e z , P. a n d Ja n m a r k, J . ( 2 0 1 8 ) . Is a p p a r e l m a n u fa c tu r i n g c o m i n g h o m e ? . [o n l i n e ] M ck i n se y .co m . Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .m c ki n se y .c o m /~/m e d i a /m c k i n se y /i n d u s tr i e s /r e ta i l /o u r % 2 0 i n si g h ts/i s% 2 0 a p p a r e l % 2 0 m a n u fa c tu r i n g % 2 0 c o m i n g % 2 0 h o m e /i s a p p a r e l - m a n u fa c tu r i n g - co m i n g - h o m e _ vf.a sh x [Acc e s se d 2 7 J u n . 2 0 1 9 ]. a b o u to r g a n i c c o tto n .o r g . ( 2 0 1 7 ) . Or g a n i c C o tto n Sta ti s ti c s a b o u to r g a n i c c o tto n .o r g . [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp ://a b o u to r g a n i c co tto n .o r g /sta ts/ [Acc e s se d 2 5 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

C l o th i n g i n d u s tr y .b l o g sp o t.c o m . ( n .d .) . Ke y Iss u e s fo r Su s ta i n a b i l i ty i n D e n i m In d u str y . [o n l i n e ] Av a i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://cl o th i n g i n d u str y.b l o g s p o t.c o m /2 0 1 8 /0 1 /su s ta i n a b i l i ty- d e n i m i n d u s tr y.h tm l [Acc e s se d 2 5 J u n . 2 0 1 9 ].

C a r ve d i n b l u e - TEN C EL ™ . ( 2 0 1 9 ) . Pa k i s ta n D e n i m : A M o m e n t Wi th N a v e e n a D e n i m M i l l s - C a r v e d i n b l u e - TEN C EL ™ . [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://ca r v e d i n b l u e .te n c e l .c o m /p a ki s ta n - d e n i m - m o m e n t- n a ve e n a d e n i m - m i l l s / [Ac c e s s e d 2 7 J u n . 2 0 1 9 ].

D o n a l d s o n , T. ( 2 0 1 8 ) . Pa ss p o r t to D e n i m : A Sn a p sh o t o f th e Gl o b a l D e n i m M a r ke t. [o n l i n e ] So u r ci n g Jo u r n a l . Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://so u r c i n g j o u r n a l .co m /d e n i m /d e n i m - m i l l s /g l o b a l - d e n i m - m a r ke t1 0 5 0 8 9 / [Acce ss e d 2 5 J u n . 2 0 1 9 ].

D fs w o r l d w i d e .c o m . ( n .d .) . U K Pa k i s ta n Sh i p p i n g 2 0 1 9 | Ka r a c h i & L a h o r e Ai r /Se a Fr e i g h t L C L /FC L . [o n l i n e ] Av a i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .d fs w o r l d w i d e .co m /Sh i p p i n g - to - Pa ki sta n .h tm l [Ac c e s se d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Gre e n stra te g y.se . (n .d .). SEVEN FOR MS OF SU STAIN ABL E FASH ION . [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp ://w w w .g re e n stra te g y.se /su sta i n a b l e -fa sh i o n /se ve n -fo rms-o fsu sta i n a b l e -fa sh i o n / [Acce sse d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

H mg ro u p .co m. (2 0 1 8 ). H M_ Gro u p _ Su sta i n a b i l i tyR e p o rt_ 2 0 1 8 _ Fu l l R e p o rt.. [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://h mg ro u p .co m/co n te n t/d a m/h mg ro u p /g ro u p si te /d o cu me n ts/ma ste rl a n g u a g e /C SR /re p o rts/2 0 1 8 _ Su sta i n a b i l i ty_ re p o rt/H M_ Gro u p _ Su sta i n a b i l i tyR e p o rt_ 2 0 1 8 _ %2 0 Fu l l R e p o rt.p d f [Acce sse d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

H &M. (2 0 1 9 ). Sp ri n g ’ s b e st e co -fri e n d l y d e n i m | H &M GB. [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w 2 .h m.co m/e n _ g b /l i fe /fa sh i o n /fe a tu re d -fa sh i o n /sp ri n g -s-b e stco n sci o u s-d e n i m.h tml [Acce sse d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Jcrvi s.co m.p k. (2 0 1 8 ). d e n i m i n d u stry. [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp ://j crvi s.co m.p k/d o cs/D e n i m2 0 1 8 0 3 .p d f [Acce sse d 2 5 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Mi rd h a , R . (2 0 1 7 ). Ba n g l a d e sh o ve rta ke s C h i n a a s to p d e n i m su p p l i e r to EU . [o n l i n e ] Th e D a i l y Sta r. Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .th e d a i l ysta r.n e t/b u si n e ss/b a n g l a d e sh -o ve rta ke s-ch i n a -to p -d e n i msu p p l i e r-e u -1 3 7 8 2 0 4 [Acce sse d 2 5 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Mu rra y, s. (2 0 1 6 ). Fi xi n g th e Fa sh i o n In d u stry. [o n l i n e ] N R D C . Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .n rd c.o rg /sto ri e s/fi xi n g -fa sh i o n -i n d u stry [Acce sse d 2 5 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Mi rd h a , R . (2 0 1 7 ). Ba n g l a d e sh o ve rta ke s C h i n a a s to p d e n i m su p p l i e r to EU . [o n l i n e ] Th e D a i l y Sta r. Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .th e d a i l ysta r.n e t/b u si n e ss/b a n g l a d e sh -o ve rta ke s-ch i n a -to p -d e n i msu p p l i e r-e u -1 3 7 8 2 0 4 [Acce sse d 2 5 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

N e xtp l c.co .u k. (2 0 1 9 ). Ou r cu sto me rs a n d p ro d u cts. [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .n e xtp l c.co .u k/co rp o ra te -re sp o n si b i l i ty/o u r-cu sto me rs-a n d -p ro d u cts [Acce sse d 1 6 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Te xti l e Exch a n g e . ( 2 0 1 8 ) . 2 0 1 8 Or g a n i c C o tto n M a r ke t R e p o r t - Te x ti l e Ex ch a n g e . [o n l i n e ] Av a i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://te x ti l e e x c h a n g e .o r g /d o w n l o a d s/2 0 1 8 - o r g a n i c- c o tto n - m a r k e tr e p o r t/ [Ac c e s s e d 2 5 J u n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Te xti l e e xch a n g e .o rg . (n .d .). OR GAN IC C OTTON SOU R C IN G GU ID E Tu rke y. [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp ://te xti l e e xch a n g e .o rg /w p co n te n t/u p l o a d s/2 0 1 8 /0 1 /Te xti l e -Exch a n g e _ OC -So u rci n g -Gu i d e _ Tu rke y.p d f [Acce sse d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Tra d i n g e co n o mi cs.co m. (2 0 1 9 ). Pa ki sta n Exp o rt Pri ce s | 2 0 1 9 | D a ta | C h a rt | C a l e n d a r | Fo re ca st | N e w s. [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://tra d i n g e co n o mi cs.co m/p a ki sta n /e xp o rt-p ri ce s [Acce sse d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Te n ce l .co m. (2 0 1 9 ). TEN C EL â„¢ D e n i m: L yo ce l l & Mo d a l fi b e rs D e n i m, so ft j e a n s te xti l e ma te ri a l . [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .te n ce l .co m/d e n i m [Acce sse d 2 8 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Ve rd i ct. (2 0 1 7 ). N e xt i s i n re a l d a n g e r o f fo l l o w i n g M&S a s i ts cu sto me r b a se a g e s | Ve rd i ct. [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .ve rd i ct.co .u k/n e xt-re a l -d a n g e rfo l l o w i n g -ms-cu sto me r-b a se -a g e s/ [Acce sse d 1 6 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

We a re th o u g h t.co m. (n .d .). Org a n i c D e n i m | Th o u g h t C l o th i n g . [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .w e a re th o u g h t.co m/o rg a n i c-d e n i m/ [Acce sse d 2 5 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Wh e l a n , G., Imms, K., Wh e l a n , G. a n d Ge o g h e g a n , J. (2 0 1 9 ). Bu yi n g a n d so u rci n g i n Tu rke y. [o n l i n e ] D ra p e rs. Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .d ra p e rso n l i n e .co m/b u si n e ss-o p e ra ti o n s/su p p l y-ch a i n /b u yi n g -a n d so u rci n g -i n -tu rke y/7 0 1 8 0 6 9 .a rti cl e [Acce sse d 2 7 Ju n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Bi b l i o g ra p h y

M i n i m u m - w a g e .o r g . ( 2 0 1 9 ) . Pa k i sta n M i n i m u m Wa g e - Wo r l d M i n i m u m Wa g e R a te s 2 0 1 9 . [o n l i n e ] Ava i l a b l e a t: h ttp s://w w w .m i n i m u m w a g e .o r g /i n te r n a ti o n a l /p a k i s ta n [Ac c e ss e d 2 7 J u n . 2 0 1 9 ].

Bangladesh

Ba n g l a d e sh h a s o v e r ta k e n C h i n a to b e c o m e th e l a r g e s t d e n i m s u p p l i e r to th e Eu r o p e a n U n i o n , a n d th e U K i s o n e o f th e m a j o r m a r k e ts o f Ba n g l a d e s h . ( M i r d h a , 2 0 1 7 ) . An d i t i m p o r ts a l m o st h a l f o f i ts o r g a n i c c o tto n fa b r i c r e q u i r e m e n ts fr o m In d i a , Pa k i s ta n a n d C h i n a .” Ba n g l a d e s h c o u l d w i n i n th e Eu r o p e a n d e n i m s e g m e n t n o t o n l y fo r th e c o m p e ti ti v e p r i c e s b u t a l s o fo r th e q u a l i ty o f i ts p r o d u c ts, sh o r te r l e a d ti m e a n d b e tte r c o m m i tm e n t,” s a i d M S H a s a n , d i r e c to r o f o p e r a ti o n s o f Am b e r D e n i m . Ba n g l a d e s h i e n tr e p r e n e u r s s u p p l y d e n i m p r o d u cts to m a j o r g l o b a l r e ta i l e r s i n c l u d i n g L e vi 's, H &M , U n i q l o , Te s c o , H u g o Bo ss , Wa l m a r t, a n d Ga p ( M i r d h a , 2 0 1 7 ) .

Ex c e p t fo r g r e a t str e n g th i n d e n i m s u p p l y , n o w m o r e fa cto r i e s i n Ba n g l a d e sh w i l l u s e m o r e e n v i r o n m e n ta l l y fr i e n d l y m a te r i a l s s u ch a s o r g a n i c a n d BC I c o tto n , s e e k i n g c l e a n e r d ye i n g te c h n i q u e s a n d tu r n i n g to te ch n i ca l d e n i m ( D o n a l d s o n , 2 0 1 8 ) .

Turkey

Tu r ke y i s o n e o f th e pioneers in organic c o tto n a n d h a s b e e n growing and m a n u fa c tu r i n g o r g a n i c c o tto n p r o d u cts fo r n e a r l y 3 0 ye a r s ( Te xti l e e x c h a n g e .o r g , n .d .) . Al so , Tu r k e y r e ta i n s i ts u n i q u e s ta tu s o f b e i n g GM O- fr e e w h i c h n o w a cc o u n ts fo r around 77 % of global GM co tto n cu l ti v a ti o n .

Ov e r th e p a s t 3 0 y e a r s , th e i n d u str y ’ s p r o d u c ti o n a n d e xp o r ts h a v e s h i fte d fr o m l o w v a l u e - a d d e d c o m m o d i ti e s to h i g h v a l u e a d d e d m a n u fa c tu r e d fa sh i o n a b l e g o o d s. Wi th i ts fa sh i o n - o r i e n te d a n d q u a l i ty p r o d u c ts , Tu r k e y h a s b e e n i n cr e a si n g i ts sh a r e i n th e a p p a r e l m a r k e ts, e sp e c i a l l y i n th e Eu r o p e a n m a r k e t. Acc o r d i n g to Wo r l d Tr a d e Or g a n i z a ti o n ( WTO) d a ta 2 0 1 6 , th e Tu r k i s h g a r m e n t i n d u s tr y a c co u n ts fo r 3 .3 9 % , m a ki n g i t th e s i x th l a r g e st s u p p l i e r i n th e w o r l d a n d th e th i r d l a r g e s t su p p l i e r to th e EU ( Akte r a n d Al M a h fu z , 2 0 1 8 ) .

Turkey

U K i s tu r ke y’ s s e co n d l a r g e s t e xp o r t c o u n tr y fo r a p p a r e l p r o d u c ts

An d th e s tr e n g th o f so u r ce i n Tu r ke y i n c l u d e s : Ex c e l l e n t s tr a te g i c l o c a ti o n str e n g th a s i t i s th e g a te w a y to Eu r o p e a n m a r k e ts .

R i c h so u r c e o f r a w m a te r i a l s a n d w i th th e 7 th b i g g e s t g l o b a l c o tto n p r o d u c ti o n .

Wi th i ts l i b e r a l tr a d e p o l i ci e s e q u i p p e d w i th th e h i g h l y sk i l l e d l a b o u r fo r c e , th e co u n tr y i s a b l e to h a v e a w e l l - d e ve l o p e d i n d u s tr y th a t c a n p r o d u c e q u a l i ty p r o d u c ts .

Th e c o u n tr y h a s e n te r e d c u sto m s u n i o n a g r e e m e n t w i th th e EU a n d fr e e tr a d e a g r e e m e n ts w i th o th e r c o u n tr i e s .

Gi v i n g p r i o r i ty to th e w o r k i n g co n d i ti o n s o f th e i r l a b o u r fo r ce .

C o n ti n u i n g i n v e s tm e n t i n u ti l i zi n g a d v a n ce d te c h n o l o g i e s to e x p a n d th e i r i n d u s tr y ( Ak te r a n d Al M a h fu z , 2 0 1 8 ) .

Tu r k e y i s a c r u ci a l m a r k e t fo r m a n y Br i ti sh fa s h i o n r e ta i l e r s n o t o n l y fo r i ts e x c e l l e n t g e o g r a p h i ca l l o c a ti o n c l o s e to th e EU b u t a l s o su i ta b l e fo r b r a n d s w h o se fa s t- tr a c k c o l l e c ti o n s r e l y o n v e r y sh o r t l e a d ti m e s a n d a h i g h d e g r e e o f fl e xi b i l i ty fo r s u p p l i e r s a n d fa c to r i e s . Th e r e fo r e , i t i s e s p e c i a l l y su i ta b l e fo r th e s u p p l y o f fa s h i o n a b l e p r o d u cts w i th r e l a ti v e l y ti g h t d e l i ve r y ti m e ( Wh e l a n e t a l ., 2 0 1 9 ) .

Pakistan Wh i l e th e r e w a s n o c e r ti fi e d p r o d u c ti o n o f o r g a n i c c o tto n i n Pa k i sta n . H o w e v e r , th e r e a r e o v e r 1 2 ,2 8 3 h a g r o w i n g c o tto n i n c o n v e r s i o n to o r g a n i c th a t i s d u e to r e a ch c e r ti fi ca ti o n i n th e 2 0 1 9 /2 0 h a r v e s t y e a r ( Te xti l e Exch a n g e ,2 0 1 8 ) .

Pa k i s ta n i s th e s e c o n d l a r g e st e co n o m y i n So u th Asi a a fte r In d i a ( D fs w o r l d w i d e .co m , n .d .) . An d Pa ki sta n 's te xti l e i n d u s tr y i s th e l a r g e s t m a n u fa c tu r i n g i n d u s tr y, w h i l e Pa ki sta n i s th e e i g h th l a r g e s t te x ti l e e xp o r te r i n As i a a n d th e fo u r th l a r g e st s p i n n i n g c a p a c i ty co tto n p r o d u c e r i n Asi a a fte r C h i n a a n d In d i a ( C a r ve d i n b l u e - TEN C EL ™ , 2 0 1 9 ) . Its D o m e s ti c d e n i m s e c to r ’ s m a r ke t si z e h o v e r s a r o u n d 1 0 - 1 5 % o f to ta l te xti l e e xp o r ts o f Pa k i sta n ( Jc r v i s .c o m .p k.,2 0 1 8 ) . M o r e a n d m o r e Eu r o p e a n r e ta i l e r s a r e s o u r c i n g fr o m Pa ki s ta n b e ca u se o f th e sp e e d , fl e x i b i l i ty a n d q u a l i ty th a t m a n y m a n u fa ctu r e r s o ffe r h e r e . ( D o n a l d so n , 2 0 1 8 ) .

H o w e v e r , Pa k i sta n ’ s e x p o r t p r i c e h i t a r e co r d h i g h o f 7 9 5 .8 0 i n 2 0 1 8 , a n d p r i c e s h a v e r i se n r a p i d l y, w h i c h i s w o r th y o f a tte n ti o n ( Tr a d i n g e c o n o m i c s .c o m , 2 0 1 9 ) . Al so , th e d u ty- fr e e to th e Eu r o p e a n U n i o n u n d e r th e Ge n e r a l i ze d Sch e m e o f Pr e fe r e n c e s Pl u s ( GSP+) p r o g r a m h a s b e e n b e n e fi c i a l to th e co u n tr y e x p o r ts ( D o n a l d so n , 2 0 1 8 ) .

china Th e r e i s a n i n c r e a s i n g tr e n d s o f g r o w th y e a r o n y e a r o r o r g a n i c c o tto n i n China, so it would be e a si e r to g e t a b u l k o f r a w o r g a n i c c o tto n m a te r i a l .

Th e s ta n d a r d o f o r g a n i c i s so s tr i c t th a t b r a n d s a n d r e ta i l e r s n e e d to b e ce r ti fi e d to C h i n a N OP w h i c h a l l o w s o n l y n a tu r a l d y e s a n d r e q u i r i n g th e c o tto n u s e d i n th e p r o d u ct to b e 1 0 0 % o r g a n i c ( Te x ti l e Ex ch a n g e , 2 0 1 8 ) . C h i n a h a s s h i p p e d i ts c l o th i n g i n d u s tr y to w e ste r n China, where cheap labour is v e r y ti g h t. Th e r e fo r e , C h i n a w i l l th r e a te n Tu r k e y 's i m p o r ta n t c o m p e ti ti ve a d va n ta g e b y m a ki n g i t e a s i e r to e n te r th e EU ( Ak te r a n d Al M a h fu z, 2 0 1 8 )

India

organic c o tto n p r o d u c ti o n i n In d i a a cc o u n ts fo r 5 1 % Sh a r e o f Gl o b a l Or g a n i c C o tto n Pr o d u c ti o n .

D e n i m i s o f th e m o st p r o m i si n g s e g m e n t i n In d i a ’ s a p p a r e l m a r k e t. L a r g e a r e a s o f l a n d a r e b e i n g tr a n s fo r m e d i n to o r g a n i c p r o d u cts d u e to th e e ffo r ts o f th e o r g a n i c p r o d u ce r c o m m u n i ty a n d th e c o n ti n u e d i n v o l ve m e n t o f b r a n d s a n d r e ta i l e r s a t th e fa r m a n d su p p l i e r l e ve l s . Ac co r d i n g to c u r r e n t fo r e ca sts , o r g a n i c co tto n p r o d u cti o n i s e x p e c te d to i n cr e a s e b y 3 5 - 4 0 % b y 2 0 2 0 .

Next

Next denim m a d e i n tu r ke y , Ba n g l a d e s h , Pa k i sta n , Cambodia and China

H&M

H &M d e n i m m a d e i n Pa k i s ta n .

M&S

M &S d e n i m made in Ba n g l a d e s h .

Minimum wage in global garment industry

organic cotton price

By 2 0 2 5 , th e p o s i ti o n o f “ Tr u l y ci r cu l a r fa sh i o n c h o i ce ” i s co n s i d e r e d to b e h i g h l y l i k e l y to b e a s u cce s sfu l s tr a te g y.

Ap p r o x i m a ti o n a n d a u to m a ti o n a r e i m p o r ta n t d r i v e r s o f i m p l e m e n ti n g a c y c l i ca l a p p a r e l v a l u e c h a i n . Th e m a r ke t w i l l sh i ft to a d e m a n d - d r i v e n m o d e l th a t r e q u i r e s a p p a r e l co m p a n i e s to p u l l l e v e r a g e a t a l l sta g e s o f th e fa s h i o n c ycl e to b r i n g p r o d u c ti o n cl o s e r to co n s u m e r s , w h i l e o p p o r tu n i ti e s o ffe r e d a t th e n e a r e n d o r o n s h o r e c a n e l i m i n a te a l a r g e n u m b e r o f l e a d ti m e s . ( An d e r s so n e t a l ., 2 0 1 8 )