kth royal institute of technology
Annual Report
2016
School of industrial engineering industrial engineering and and management management
kth royal institute of technology
Annual Report
2016
School of industrial engineering industrial engineering and and management management
Contents: 04 Prizes and Awards
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05 Rector’s words 06
Challenge and collaboration are the way forward, Per Lundqvist
09 The slow road to success,
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Mikael Ersson
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A new programme with sustainable focus, Pernilla Ulfvengren
Doctoral studies
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The professor with responsibility, Malin Selleby
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Bringing robots and humans together, Abdullah Alhusin Alkhdur
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Solar power to the people, Nelson Sommerfeldt
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Paving the way for electric transport, Rami Darwish
Research Focusing on tomorrow’s world, Pär Jönsson Research cluster refines powertrain, Jannik Henser To oil or not to oil…? Sergei Glavtaskih Testbed for future living, Jonas Anund Vogel Closing the loop for circular economy, Amir Rashid
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Faculty appointments
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Theses
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Facts and figures
This is ITM:
3 500 programme students
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115
paying master students, an increase with nearly 50% in four years
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40%
femal students at engineering programmes
“What happens here amounts to one third of the education at KTH.” Pär Jönsson, p26
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Annual Report 2016 School of Industrial Engineering and Management Project manager: Henrik Sahlström Text: Antony Riley Production: Appelberg Publishing Group Print: Elanders, 2017
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Prizes and awards An oustanding contribution: The Head of KTH's Department in Södertälje, Kristina Palm, has been awarded Södertälje Municipality’s Saint Ragnhild Medal in recognition of her contribution towards the area and its citizens. The award reflects Palm’s involvement in a number of KTH initiatives aimed at strengthening training and academia.
A budding entrepreneur: Britta Nordin Forsberg, a Ph.D. student in INDEK’s Organisation and Management unit, was one of seven successful applicants in 2016 for KTH Innovation's new programme for entrepreneurs. Her company Playitfair was selected for inclusion in the Bicky Chakraborty Entrepreneur Programme, which entitles her to funding, coaching, tailored courses and mentorship for one year. Playitfair is a recruitment platform that uses design ideas from digital entertainment games to create stories and engagement in organisations.
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Leader in the field of project management: Maksim Miterev, a Ph.D. student at the Department of Industrial Economics and Management, has received the International Project Management Association (IPMA) Young Researcher Award for 2016. Miterev received the award at a ceremony during the 4th IPMA Research Conference in Reykjavik, Iceland. The IPMA Research Awards aim to promote excellent research to enhance project management.
Recognition for two world-class papers: Professor Lihui Wang from the Department of Production Engineering has received two awards for papers presented at major North American conferences. Wang was awarded the Outstanding Paper award at the 44th North American Manufacturing Research Conference (NAMRC44) at Virginia Tech and also received the Best Paper award at the 2016 ASME Manufacturing Science and Engineering. Conference (ASME MEC 2016).
r ector's wor ds
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Jan Wikander, Head of ITM
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Challenge and collaboration are the way forward With work getting underway on a new campus, an increase in international students and further developments in online and cross-disciplinary research, 2016 was an exciting year for KTH as a whole and ITM in particular.
Photo: Tobias ohls
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he biggest and most exciting development for KTH in 2016 was the beginning of the construction of a campus in Södertälje, in which the new Industrial Engineering and Sustainability programme will be located. Professor Per Lundqvist at the Department of Energy Technology is already excited about the positive synergies from the collaboration with Swedish industry that will be an integral feature of the new site. “The new campus will mean that we can have industry participating more, so Södertälje can become more of a university town,” he explains. “I find this very interesting as it helps students to interact with industry earlier, with them being involved in a town which sees almost 15 percent of Sweden’s annual production.”
The diverse nature of industry requires a variety of research and disciplines, and Lundqvist says that KTH is already alive to the possibilities. “Our most recent programme Energy and Environmental Engineering was started in 2010, and although ITM is the official host school, it is a crossdisciplinary programme involving three other schools: Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Electrical Engineering. I think it’s beneficial as it gives the students a wider base to build on for the future.” In addition to the diversity of the programmes Lundqvist is pleased that 2016 saw a rise in the number of international students. “It’s amazing how many fee-paying students are now on the master’s course. Things didn’t look so great
after the Swedish Government announced it was to withdraw support for students outside of Europe. We saw a huge drop in paying students from non-EU countries in the first year after the law was passed. “Although it’s not as expensive as taking a master’s in the US, it is still quite a lot of money, and when you add the Swedish cost of living to the equation we understand that it is not easy for the students.” As well as the increase in students from outside Sweden, Lundqvist is also encouraged by the overall increase in ability of the European students coming to KTH. He feels that the quality of the students applying to fill the 230 designated EU places is a lot higher now than it has been for several years. “The fact is that last year the trend flipped and now
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“You always have to be creative as a teacher.”
and tuned to different notes, so the vehicle had to play a melody.” For Lundqvist this type of challenge has a future because he feels that it tests the students but in a way that they enjoy; it challenges them to innovate and have fun while they’re doing so. However, he adds: “The balance is doing this in parallel with the traditional courses. Getting the balance right is the real challenge for us as teachers as we approach the future; you always have to be creative as a teacher.”
I have figures for this year that demonstrate an incredible increase in the overall quality of the applicants. The Energy programme alone had 1,000 first-hand applicants. Of those, 60 percent are from outside the EU and 40 percent from Europe, and I would say that much of the increase in quality comes from the European applicants.” Learning methods never stop evolving, and 2016 saw the inception of 'challengedriven projects’, as Lundqvist explains: “This was the first year in which the mechanical engineering students have had a course in which they get a design challenge in the first semester. This year they were tasked with producing a small self-driven vehicle that could move around on a small stage and play metal pipes that were hung 8
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Looking to the future, online-based courses and on/off campus learning are on the rise, a development that Lundqvist feels needs to be treated with caution. “I met someone recently from one of the most prominent American universities and he said that last year they had had over 150,000 students registered on one of their online courses. Out of that huge number just 1,000 completed the course and of that number only 100 or so sat the exams. “So many of these online models certainly do well to promote the courses, but often they actually help as promotion to bring good students to the campus itself rather than replacing campus learning. It’s hard to deliver the kind of practical mentoring that students need if they are not present.” It’s clear that Per Lundqvist sees challenge and collaboration as the way forward, and, with all its highs, 2016 acts a useful blueprint for the futures of the school.
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A new program with sustainable focus A new Industrial Engineering and Sustainability program will encourage engineering students to look at the bigger picture. The emphasis will be on systems and sustainability instead of products.
Photo: Camilla Cherry
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he new five year Industrial Engineering and Sustainability educational in KTH’s School of Industrial, Engineering and Management (ITM) is being led by Associate Professor Pernilla Ulfvengren. “This new education will teach students design systems, not products,” says Ulfvengren. She adds that the design of systems requires a very different approach to the usual mechanical engineering mind-set. “If you are doing mechanical engineering and you do a machine elements course, you may work with physical nuts and bolts. There are discrete design requirements in technical systems. Very simplified and in theory if there is a perfectly designed interface, and one person designs the nut
and someone else designs the bolt, they will fit perfectly and you don’t have to interact any further.” However, Ulfvengren explains, “Production systems are socio-technical systems and components in this system are far more complex than nuts and bolts. It takes many different stakeholders to figure out the process. For example, a factory needs to be supplied with materials, which demands a logistics chain, personnel, tools, heavy machinery, an assembly line, etc. “The whole idea of this new education is to help the student understand production processes from start to finish and understand the system delivering the outcome,” Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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“The idea of this new education is to help the student understand p roduction processes from start to finish.”
Södertälje Municipality, Acturum and the Stockholm County Administrative Board. As part of the focus on the systems and sustainability, the new education will be influenced by safety research. “Safety is another systemic aspect,” says Ulfvengren. “It also depends on many things. Even on a global scale, no one can control and manage safety alone. It is the same with other aspects of sustainability. No single system component is designed pollute the world, but the overall system is polluting the world. To maintain sustainability you need a holistic approach. ”
she continues. “With an emphasis on sustainability for humans, technology and organisation.” The new Industrial Technology and Sustainability education will be based in renovated buildings at KTH campus in Södertälje. Industrial research and development has long been supported in the municipality. And in connection with the new education, the Södertälje Science Park will be also initiated for further research into three key sustainable themes: Sustainable Production, Life Science, and Sustainable Food. The KTH facility at Södertälje is itself defined by Sustainable Production and is strongly supported by Scania, AstraZeneca, 12
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Ulfvengren spent 15 years as a researcher in the aviation industry focussed on systems design. She also spent time at Scania where she found most large projects were approached in this way. “A logistics’ project may need input from the maintenance department and vice-versa,” she says. “And all departments were considered from the outset rather than left to discover difficult issues later on in the project.” The new education will make much use of the “flipped classroom” pedagogical model, says Ulfvengren, in which the typical lecture and homework elements of a course are reversed. For example, students view short video lectures at home before the class session, while in-class time is devoted to exercises, projects, or discussions. “It is an approach that is particularly suited to systems thinking and sustainability,” she says. The flipped classroom approach also
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creates greater opportunities for industry to be involved directly with the educational program. “It enables us to move away from the ‘one course and one teacher’ approach which is a very narrow way of thinking,” says Ulfvengren. “If you want to teach a holistic view of whatever subject you are teaching, you need more skills and perspectives represented.” The concept is also workable with modularised education, where modules produced for key perspectives such as ecological
sustainability, production efficiency and sustainable work systems can be repeated across various courses. The use of the flipped classroom model, along with Ulfvengren’s experience with industry and the cooperation of various large organizations should help ensure that KTH’s new Industrial Technology and Sustainability education is a success. And one that will equip tomorrow’s engineers with the wider perspective they need for the ever-changing industrial world. Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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The professor with responsibility Thermodynamics professor Malin Selleby is responsible for approving the research plans of hundreds of Ph.D. students. It’s a role that gives her an ideal overview of all that’s going on at the school.
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s the professor with responsibility for research studies, Malin Selleby has a lot on her desk. “I am responsible for all the quality assurance, in addition to overseeing all the administrative work for the Ph.Ds,” she explains. One of the main aspects of the job involves being the final signatory to the study plans that each Ph.D. student has to submit. This
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is the final link in a long chain of checks and balances. After the supervisor has prepared the initial framework the student signs it before they then do their main work. It then has to go to their Programme Director and through Selleby’s administrator, before finally arriving on her desk. Then, and only after her signature, it is approved.
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“We would really like people to be aware of their differences, it brings fresh perspectives.”
Photo: Tobias Ohls
The process used to be much more timeconsuming when it was all paperwork. Now it has been digitalized, which has made a considerable difference to Selleby’s workload. “An email arrives saying you have a study plan to approve. It’s a much better system,” she says. At the moment there are 338-registered Ph.D. students from five departments that require Selleby’s final approval. She has good help from her deputy Rahmatollah Khodabandeh. A concern for Selleby is that the vast majority are men. Just 15 of the 51 new Ph.D. students admitted since 2016 have been female. Selleby is uncertain as to why there is a gender imbalance but she believes that it needs to be actively addressed. “The first female professor at KTH, Harriet Ryd, said in 1994, that if we
were to wait for the gender equality and diversity amongst professors to even out by itself, we would have to wait 157 years,” Selleby notes. “In subjects such as chemistry or biochemistry there are more females. As soon as a label such as ‘design’ is given to a field of education then you have more women,” she adds, remarking that this is strange. On the plus side, Selleby has been pleased to see development in several other areas such as the ‘Programme responsible Ph.D. students’ (PADs) taking a greater role at programme meetings. “We wanted to involve the PADs as each department has a Ph.D. student that is responsible for each of the programmes. If a Ph.D. student has any difficulties then they are able to go to the PADs with their concerns. In view of
their role, we have started to invite the PADs to get better feedback from the students.” The PADs are currently helping Selleby and ITM develop a comprehensive survey to get feedback from Ph.D. students about their time at KTH. The survey will include both employed Pd.D. students as well as those payed by grants. Selleby is also responsible for hosting an annual themed conference. In the last two years the conferences have had the theme of gender diversity. At this year’s conference the theme will be “Sustainability from different perspectives.” “Being a school with such an international intake has meant that some students have found these conferences very interesting. They have opened the students’ eyes in many ways,” says Selleby. “We would really like people to be aware of their differences, it brings fresh perspectives.”
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Bringing robots and humans together Though robots and humans are already working alongside each other in industry, there are still challenges. It’s not about robots replacing human workers, but exploring how they can work safely together.
Photos: Fredrik Sederholm
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octoral Student Abdullah Alhusin Alkhdur is a researcher working with symbiotic human-robot collaboration: how humans and robots interact when they are working together, such as on a factory production line. It’s an area of tremendous importance to production processes worldwide, and although humans and robots have already worked together for some years, there are still many hurdles to negotiate. Alkhdur is part of the European project SYMBIO-TIC, of which KTH is an academic partner and coordinator. The aim of the SYMBIO-TIC project is to help the European manufacturing sector adapt to important issues regarding safe, dynamic, intuitive and cost effective
working environments for collaboration between human workers and robots. It’s exciting work, and Allkhdur is very enthusiastic about it, but designing a system for robots and humans to interact in at an industrial level has many challenges. The main thing to take into account is the dynamic environment, as humans don’t behave in a predictable manner. “Usually when you start working with robots you have a plan. For example, when you are going to assemble parts for an engine, there is a strict schedule that the robot follows,” he explains. “This happens in what we call a static environment. We understand the variables. The big challenge now is that we are introducing a human into the loop. This human will also introduce a dynamic into the situation because we cannot predict what the human will do.” Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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Dynamic scheduling of tasks is needed to ensure that the robot can adapt to working effectively with a human. Another challenge is related to the realtime response of the safety system. The human is monitored using a ‘point cloud’ with thousands of reference points to analyse each second, and it is based on this information that it can understand the environment that surrounds the robot. “What is important to understand in our formulas–and it is even in the regulations–is that the system doesn’t take into account if the human is 18
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running towards the robot,” Alkhdur says. Although this sounds a bit disconcerting, he points out that this is similar to our approach to a car. “There is a general rule that as humans we shouldn’t go running into the danger zone, and if we do it’s like running into the path of a car. We do understand that we shouldn’t run into the approach of a moving car.” It’s a far from straightforward project but Alkhdur says: “Even interacting normally with a robot is a challenge, but we hope that we have fulfilled that task”. The researcher is aware of people’s
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“Creating a symbiotic relationship between the robot and the human where it benefits from the strength of each should be a real benefit.” concerns when it comes to working with robots, especially the idea that this sort of technology takes jobs away from people, and explains that the motivation behind his work is in fact the opposite of that perception. “I’m trying to make the operator or human work side by side with the robot, which will create more jobs in the future,” he explains. “Creating a symbiotic relationship between the robot and the human where it benefits from the strength of each should be a real benefit. It’s pairing the flexibility and adaptability of the human with the high productivity and accuracy of the robot”.
There are other groups working in similar areas to the SIMBIO-TIC project but Alkhdur is not aware of any that are working with industrial robots at this level. “I believe there are systems in use with lightweight robots, but not for working with industrial robots, where it is very challenging to fulfil the safety regulations”. Alkhdur has faith that the SYMBIO-TIC project is on the correct course to have humans working safely alongside robots in industrial settings, and that, he believes, should be beneficial to all.
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The slow road to success Go slower, listen to the students’ needs and vary the teaching. How Mikael Ersson improved results and won the KTH educational prize.
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One strategy is to let the students produce film clips and publish them on YouTube, for inspiration. The film clips illustrate everyday transport phenomena, such as what happens when sugar dissolves in coffee with the help of a spoon. The films have even inspired those who are at a more advanced level of study. Visual simulation is a much appreciated educational tool. Ersson has built a Water Model Laboratory where students can perform tests with physical 3D-printed models, which enhances their understanding of
Photo Camilla Cherry
ssistant Professor Mikael Ersson lectures in the Master of Science in Engineering Programmes, Materials Design and Engineering, as well as Mechanical Engineering. One of the courses he teaches is Transport Phenomena. It’s not an easy subject, and one he found quite difficult to study when he was a KTH student. His own experience has influenced his teaching. “I focus on exercises instead of lectures and I prefer explaining and writing on the whiteboard to showing the students Powerpoint slides. I want everybody to understand,” he says. He’s also made the courses longer and that allows more time. The students like the slower pace, and their academic results have improved.
computer simulations and flow theories. “A variety of educational methods is vital,” explains Ersson. “Some like to read books and some prefer to use their hands. The most important thing is to always listen to the individual student’s needs and remember what it was like for oneself as a student.” Text Christer Gummeson
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Solar power to the people With his work on the viability of solar cells, Ph.D. student Nelson Sommerfeldt is shining a light on the sustainability of this renewable energy source for the Swedish housing market.
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Photo: Fredrik Sederholm
espite Sweden being a country that’s renowned for its unpredictable weather, integrating solar photovoltaic (solar-cell) systems into Swedish cooperative family housing has long been considered a viable and sustainable energy option. However, the Bostadsrättsföreningar, the councils which manage this type of housing, have to make decisions on which energy providers or power systems will be of greatest benefit to their members. And they need the right information, because a significant amount of each housing council’s budget is spent on their energy supply. They can’t afford to get it wrong. Little independent information has been available about how, when or where to install solar-cell power technology. That is, until Ph.D. student Nelson Sommerfeldt stepped in. By the time Sommerfeldt arrived from Michigan, the US, funding had already been put aside for a project to investigate solar-cell systems. But with the lack of guidance for potential users it quickly became clear that the project needed to focus on empowering the decision-makers with the facts they needed to allocate their energy budgets. Sommerfeldt takes up the story: “Three of us have been working on the project: me in Energy Technology and two
researchers from the School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), one of whom looks at Real Estate Economics and Management, while the other looks at Building Technology. “Initially I was solely focused on technique and the application of the solar technology, but that soon changed, as I’m a bit of an economics geek, so I also grabbed onto the economics of the project. We began to try and discover exactly why the councils choose the systems they did.” Having the correct information on initial, running and projected costs is a key concern. When Sommerfeldt began his research he soon became aware that most of the information concerning the economic viability of solar power was in the hands of energy companies. He could see that there were few independent bodies providing substantial data on the cost efficiency of solar power. “We did four or five case studies and I looked into the tech and economics,” he explains. “It was a three-year project which finished last spring. Part of the project was to produce a handbook as a first point of information for the housing councils to get practical information about solar power.” Although only a short report was required, Sommerfeldt believed that something a little more in-depth was necessary, Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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“We had people travelling from all over the place to attend.”
Sommerfeldt and team were overwhelmed by the response. “We published the report online at the same time as the print copy was released and we held a seminar here at KTH. There were more people at the seminar than we could actually fit in the room. We had people travelling from all over the place to attend. There were a lot of energy managers from municipalities there, but the head of research from Vattenfall, CEOs of tech start-ups, and a number of politicians also attended, so we were very happy.”
and so the team produced a longer report in English to reflect their work. “The project was supposed to be finished in December 2015 but we decided present it in the spring of 2016. We did that on a beautiful sunny day in April–excellent conditions for discussing solar energy,” he says. 22
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Between the online and print versions, over 1,000 copies of the report have been distributed, giving people more access to information that can enable them to make informed decisions on choosing their energy supply. With the costs of solar-cell technology decreasing, these sustainable and renewable energy systems are becoming more accessible.
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“New technologies pose challenges for society and industry. Unless we understand their effects on business, negative consequences may occur.� Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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Paving the way for electric transport
Rami Darwish is studying how transport companies have to change their business models as they adopt the use of new technologies.
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oday, emerging technologies are being adopted by virtually every industry across the world, and often at an incredible speed. Rami Darwish, a Ph.D. student at KTH, believes that the success of new technology is related to the current business models. The advent of global warming, and the need to move away from the use of fossil fuels to sustainable energy alternatives, is putting an extra focus on the need for new technology on the transport sector. One way that the industry is looking to achieve this change is through the use of electric transport solutions. It is in this area that Darwish is currently working. He is involved in two KTH projects that are supporting a government initiative, Fossil Free Sweden, which calls on all sectors of Swedish industry to help fully convert to renewable energy and make Sweden fossil-free by 2030. The projects that Darwish is engaged in are the electric road systems engineering toolbox (ERSET), which aims to develop an engineering toolbox for electric roads, and the stop inductive bus-stop charging project, which is being carried out by KTH’s Integrated Transport Research Lab in cooperation with SL, Scania, Vattenfall, and the municipality of Södertälje. 24
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Induction technology, electricity transferred without cables or wires, is well known. But it needs to be developed further in order for use in the transport sector. The research project involves the creation of a prototype bus from Scania that will run as a regular public bus line, charged from an underground inductive charging slab at the bus stop. It should lower carbon dioxide emissions compared to a traditional bus significantly. “It’s an attractive solution for a number of reasons,” says Darwish. “The bus will be charged at the bus stop without wires in approximately five minutes. This reduces unattractive structural support above ground. The bus is also a hybrid and therefore runs silently a large amount of the time. It also has few or no emissions when running electrically. This is very attractive for the Södertälje municipality who wish to see their carbon dioxide emissions dropped.” Darwish’s role in the project is to look at how the current business models for those concerned, such as the bus authority, bus manufacturer and bus operators, will be affected when handling this new technology. And how their current working processes will change. “I investigate how this new technology
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is going to effect the organisations from a business perspective,” he says. “Such as the role they will play, the value that will be delivered to the customer and the ways of making money. By understanding these issues this work will contribute to the final innovation.” Darwish adds, “The technology is not actually the main challenge.” He believes that adapting the business model is a key factor in any new technology’s success. He says that the iPod is a classic example of a technology that was successful as a result of the business model built for it. “The technology was not new, the business model was.” He points out that Kodak, on the other hand, did not adapt their business models to the use of digital photography even though they had the inventor of the digital image working for them. “New technologies pose challenges for society and industry,” says Darwish. “Unless we understand their effects on business and
society, negative consequences may occur. We need to understand these technologies from a wider perspective, early in the process of their adoption, and take into account all stakeholders. Then we stand a much better chance of making the right decisions for the future.” Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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Focusing on tomorrow’s world In 2017, KTH’s School of Industrial Engineering and Management is developing two key areas to ensure that its researchers and students will play an essential role in tomorrow’s world.
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Photos: Tobias Ohls
he scope of the School of Industrial Engineering and Management’s (ITM) work is huge. “What happens here amounts to one third of all the education at KTH,” says Professor Pär Jönsson, Deputy Head. But before the education process can begin, the topics need to be developed. And right now, the school is developing two areas that Jönssson says are essential for future industrial engineers – the circular economy and additive manufacturing. The circular economy is about making society sustainable by conserving resources and reusing recycled materials. The questions that it poses include understanding what materials can be recycled, where they can be recirculated within the economy and what the business models are for this. “There is a lot of research going on right now within our school on the circular economy,” says Jönsson. “When we get some research results we will develop new courses. Today’s students are very interested
in sustainability and circularity – they don’t want to cause waste. So it will make the school more attractive if we can introduce courses on this area.” The circular economy is relevant to a spectrum of disciplines. With its strong start in this area, the school has been tasked with coordinating the subject across KTH. “With the circular economy you need to connect different competencies,” says Jönsson. “So connecting researchers across different departments will be our main focus in the coming two years.” Jönsson adds that the first Ph.D. course on the circular economy will be held in December. “We wanted to start at Ph.D. level because that is close to research activities. We will then take the best things from the Ph.D. course and implement it at master’s level. It is really nice that we can be in the lead for this development because it will affect our research and our research results will in turn affect society.”
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Additive manufacturing, the other key area that the school is currently focused on, is also known as 3D printing. It refers to processes that use digital 3D design data to create physical objects. “This is one of the hottest research topics in the world right now,” says Jönsson. “It can significantly cut production processes.” The school is hiring five new faculty staff in additive manufacturing, for both research and teaching. “They will look at the additive manufacturing of metals and study things like what structures you need for the m etals to enable 3D printing and what kind of metals can actually be used for this.” The development of circular economy and additive manufacturing programs will benefit greatly from the development of the KTH campus in Södertälje. So far, the new campus has only been used for teaching. But Jönsson says that research staff will soon begin work there too, adding that the proximity of the campus to 28
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companies like Scania and AstraZeneca will be of great significance. “We try to carry out research and education in close collaboration with industry and society. And our being located near industry in Södertälje means that we can work more closely together. For example, industry can much more easily send people to teach our students in the classroom, and we can take our students to see the actual production facilities.” The relationship and effect on industry is, after all, what drives the work. With its increasing focus on the circular economy and additive manufacturing, Jönsson believes that the school will be better equipped to contribute to tomorrow’s industrial world. “They are essential areas,” he says. “And key for us to stay on top of the l atest industrial developments in order to make our students and researchers easily employable in industry and society and to teach them how to make contributions to a sustainable society.”
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Research cluster refines powertrain Dr.Ing. Jannik Henser manages a super team that’s putting powertrain manufacturing under the microscope.
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hen his former boss asked him to move to Sweden, Jannik Henser didn’t have to think twice. “We’re starting something new in Stockholm; would you like to be part of it?” , he was asked. Henser holds a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering and having already done an internship in southern Sweden seven years previously, he was keen to return. Henser’s previous employer, Fraunhofer IPT, is part of the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, which is
the leading organisation for applied research in Europe. Its research activities are conducted by 69 institutes and research units throughout Germany. The initiative that Henser was to take charge of is based at KTH and partners with not only Fraunhofer but also with RISE (Research Institutes of Sweden) and three of the biggest players in Swedish industry: Scania, Sandvik and Volvo. Along with KTH colleague Professor Bengt Lindberg and a staff of 10 employees that includes student assistants helping 10 hours a week, Jannik Henser has rapidly created a unit focusing on the research and development of Powertrain Manufacturing for Heavy Vehicles. The Powertrain Manufacturing for Heavy Vehicles Application Lab (PMH) was established in March 2016 and is a collaboration between KTH, Fraunhofer and RISE. In contrast to most departments at KTH that engage in academic research supported by public funding, PMH works additionally with applied research and is to a large degree industry-funded. As its title makes clear, most of the department’s work concentrates on the development of powertrain manufacturing for heavy vehicles. “The companies usually approach us with a problem in their production that needs to be solved with the Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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“All vehicles should reduce fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and other emissions, but powertrain components need to be lighter and stronger. This is sometimes not possible with conventional technologies.”
Photo: © Fraunhofer IWU
R&D competence of our partners and us,” says Henser. “We then draft a project for them. During this time we come to understand the issue and focus in our planning on the best solution for our partner, and costs are then negotiated before the project starts. Finally, we deliver the results to our industry partner.” The R&D cluster comprises: The PMH Application Lab; the Department of 30
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Production Engineering IIP at KTH; three Fraunhofer institutes; two institutes of Swerea, which is partly owned by RISE; and the Department for Materials and Manufacturing Technology at Chalmers University, Sweden. Explaining the technical focus of the R&D Cluster, Henser says: “We are not looking at the design, we are looking at the manufacturing of the components. We are looking into innovative manufacturing
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Scania and KTH work closely together with development of powertrain manufacturing for heavy vehicles.
Photo: KTH
technologies to produce these components in a better way in the future.” One example of the scope of PMH is an ongoing research project about hollow gear shafts which is carried out in cooperation with Fraunhofer and Swerea. “The goal is to work on technologies to produce lightweight components in a more efficient way,” explains Henser. In this project the good material efficiency potential of forming technologies (e.g. radial forging) will be utilised. For the production of a hollow shaft component material savings of around 10% can be reached compared with the conventional process chain. Henser believes that this kind of thorough investigation of powertrain manufacturing will lead to comprehensive gains when it comes to advancing the technology. “We know that all vehicles should reduce
fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and other emissions, but to do this powertrain components need to be designed in a different way – they need to be lighter and stronger. This is sometimes not possible with conventional technologies.” Since its implementation in March PMH has already delivered impressive results to its backers, and although the details cannot be reported at this time for reasons of confidentiality, there have been successes that have been much appreciated. “We want to return something to our industrial partners which is of a higher value than the money invested,” says Henser. Ultimately it is this mission that makes the department of true value; long-term goals delivering results that will fundamentally advance the production process – and usher in the next generation of powertrain manufacturing. Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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To oil or not to oil..? Questioning conventional wisdom isn’t in Professor Sergei Glavatskih’s job description, but in his work with lubricant technology, that’s exactly what he’s doing.
K
eeping machines running reliably and efficiently is not just about their moving parts. Ask Sergei Glavtaskih, Professor in Machine Elements at KTH and an expert in ‘tribology’, the study of friction, lubrication and wear. Glavatskih is someone that is not afraid to question the established way of doing things, and for him the question of how the machines are lubricated is just as important as the parts themselves. That’s because lubricants, generally speaking, provide an interface between moving parts and the main idea behind advancing lubricant technology is to control friction and wear, so cutting waste. There’s a sustainability aspect here. So, as machines become smaller and we
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advance materials technology, Glavatskih believes that we have to change our opinions about lubricant technology. In his view we are wrong to see lubricants as separate to machine elements. “The starting point is that we consider a lubricant is a machine element,” he says, explaining that many of today’s problems with machine efficacy come down to inappropriate lubricants and poor lubricant development over the years. “Somehow lubricants were overlooked in the development of machine elements. There are many reasons for this.” “First, they are more like chemicals and so for many years they have been in the hands
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of chemical companies. The engineers who usually design the machines decide which lubricant they should use based on the viscosity [in essence the thickness of a fluid] from the ones available to them. Nowadays, we have a lot of challenges, including environmental ones. It is important to understand that sustainability is essentially about more efficient energy consumption, and less wear is related to less waste.” The question is how to make lubricants more efficient and give them new functions. For Glavatskih and his team the answer lies in exploring the properties of new ionic liquids (a salt in a liquid state) and also in a different approach to the problem.
“The chemical companies have everything in their hands when it comes to the strategic view of what happens in the next 10-15 years, but it can be difficult to work with them so we have had to take a different approach” says Glavatskih. That approach involves thinking and working on a much broader, more interdisciplinary scale. “If you look back at history, even in the 19th century the great scientists did not define themselves as scientists in ‘machine elements’ or ‘thermodynamics’; they did many things in many different subjects,” he explains. “Unfortunately for some reason as time went on everything became more ‘siloed’—it has all become so narrow. As a result of that we have
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“Sustainability is essentially about more efficient energy consumption.”
to go back and change things about the way we work.” Thanks to support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Glavatskih has had the opportunity to bring together a truly multi-disciplinary team: from chemists to nano-tech researchers, from fluid to 34
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solid-state engineers, he has had the opportunity to explore the potential of these unique new liquids. Ionic liquids are expensive and Glavatskih understands that big industry is still a little shy of long-term commitment. Despite this, he believes there is a bright future for them. “I am still given hope. The fact is that when polymers were being developed for the first time they said there was no way there was a commercial use for them as they were too expensive. In the short term ionic liquids can also be used as additives to oils.” Glavatskih’s faith is based on the the fact that environmental and economic demands are pressing and must be met. In his view, it is time to take inspiration from the past, to reframe the way the research is done, work together and go beyond boundaries. To keep the machines running.
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Testbed for future living
Illustration: Semrén och Månsson
In a bid to advance the industry, KTH Live-in Lab plans to reduce the lead times between test results and market introduction. The aim is to facilitate sustainable and resource-effective buildings of the future.
T
he KTH Live-In Lab is a new project aimed at increasing innovation in the building sector. Researcher Jonas Anund Vogel hopes that it will raise awareness amongst decision-makers in the sector so that they see new technologies work in new environments. He believes that this will encourage them to put the new technologies into their buildings. “Ultimately I hope it
will help us to reach our energy goals and environmental targets quicker,” says Anund Vogel. On average buildings are renovated every 25 years. Annually, KTH will rebuild its 105-square-metre innovation area. Rented from property owner Einar Mattsson, the innovation area is building permit-free and this allows for development Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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all being investigated. One example is how much space one can comfortably live in. “Can we make ten square metres appear like twenty?” To test whether people might be comfortable living in small apartments, smaller windows and ventilation systems are also being tested. Other questions relate to future living, Anund Vogel suggests coownership of buildings with hotels or other organisations. The testbed includes 305 normal student apartments from which Anund Vogel and his team receive regular behavioural science feedback for further research, feedback includes details such as how often residents are in the building, laundry times, energy use and other day-to-day habits. It was during Anund Vogel’s Ph.D. studies he discovered that one of the main barriers to energy efficiency was the slow process of testing new technologies and the standard agreement that proposes triedand-tested technologies. This is when the idea for the Live-in Lab was born. “It was to create a testbed for new technologies so that we could get them out on the market quicker and also to get them thoroughly tested. By trying them out in a real environment decision-makers could see that they work and could propose using them instead of old energy-consuming technologies”. and experimentation that is usually not possible. New technologies will be put in, new people will move in and new ventilation and heating systems will be fitted along with any other systems that are needed. “We believe that we could speed the validation process of the technology at least ten-fold but perhaps its by as much as 25 times more,” says Anund Vogel. Photo: Peter Ardell
Several technologies and business models are being tested and explored. Economies of scale and size when it comes to living space, heating ventilation and waste are 36
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Although similar projects do exist, at MIT in Boston for example, they are usually Living Labs where the focus is more on the users. The KTH Live-in Lab has people living in the apartment and they are there primarily to validate that the technologies are working, not only to co-create with the researchers. The tests will generally be performed on an annual basis, but with the possibility of shorter or longer test periods. During the summer the 'active' apartments will be vacated and reconstructed or reconfigured, depending on the solutions that need to be
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“We believe that we could speed thevalidation process of the technology at least 10 fold but perhaps its 25 times.”
implemented. “The testbed is open for everyone, both academia and industry. People can submit their ideas via the Live-in Lab home page. The ideas will then be considered and the testbed re-configured accordingly.” Each autumn there will be courses where the configuration from the previous session is evaluated. Every spring new suggestions for projects will be considered. All parties concerned–students, researchers,
governmental agencies and industry representatives–are contacted to organise the next configuration of the building. Although the project originated at the School of Industrial Engineering and Management, it has now spread and has members on the board from several of KTH’s schools with partners from industry to help take the Live-in Lab project work from the testbed stage to reality. Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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p o f o o l r e h t g n y i m o s n o o l c C re
circ ul
a
Associate Professor Amir has come up with a new approach of circular manufacturing systems. The goal is to succeed with reuse of resources at a large scale.
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hen Amir Rashid first took up his Associate Professor post at KTH’s Machine and Process Technology Unit in 2010, he soon found himself engaged in discussions with colleagues on the relative strengths and weaknesses of remanufacturing: the rebuilding of a product to specifications of the original manufactured product using a combination of reused, repaired and new parts. In the course of the research, it became evident to Rashid that there were three vital manufacturing variables that could not be adequately measured during remanufacturing: quality of the input (raw material), quantity of the input and timing of the input (when it will be acquired). This meant that the remanufacturing model was not inherently stable to start with. It was clear that this was because contemporary products were not designed for a closedloop system. They were a fault of the 38
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system that had produced them. After having recognised the problems apparent in a manufacturing system that had been designed around a linear “take, make, dispose” model, Rashid and his team had decided that they needed to implement pilot projects to test a ‘closed loop’ model. Their work gained momentum, and by 2013, the KTH team’s research had developed into a unique European Union-funded project involving 12 partners from six EU countries, with Rashid as project manager. Thus began the ResCom project (Resource Conservative Manufacturingtransforming waste into high value resource through closed-loop product systems). It is a EUR 5.6m (SEK 56 million) endeavour that has brought together a consortium of knowledge and technology providers, original equipment manufacturers and an advisory board, along with an independent expert body
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in the shape of the Ellen McArthur Foundation. Since 2014 the group has been piloting closed-loop manufacturing processes. From the design of a product to its manufacturing, marketing, collecting, remanufacturing and remarketing, ResCom considers all the necessary areas to enable a circular manufacturing model. The consortium is also developing a software platform to help those in the manufacturing sector as they move to a closed-loop system. This unique, collaborative project has made great progress. So much so that it is now being showcased as a success story by the European Commission in its internal and external communications. To make the switch to a circular economy means not only redefining the idea of product value, but also building the basic
tools that will enable it to be introduced and sustained. And the complexity of the system will increase when it comes to implementation. For Rashid the biggest challenge is achieving a shift in people’s mindset, though he does think that it is beneficial to be in Sweden to test the theory: “The environment is open and receptive to new ideas such as these�. KTH is committed to playing its part. The president has tasked ITM with a four-year initiative on the circular economy. Rashid will lead a group as SEK 10 million is invested over the next four years in order to strengthen circular economy research and education at the Royal Institute. From an initial suspicion that a systemic fault existed at the heart of manufacturing, to realising a way in which to treat it, Rashid and KTH have forged a new method of managing not only manufacturing processes, but also the relationship and codependence that society has with our planet. Scho ol of i n dustr ial engi n eer i ng an d management
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facu lty appoi ntme nts
New professors
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Cali Nuur
Sofia Ritzén
Associate Professor of Industrial Dynamics
Professor of Integrated Product Development
Industrial dynamics seeks to understand
Integrated product development involves
the structural transformations that occur in industrial systems and sectors. It studies these changes at social, individual and group level, within a number of technical fields and industries. These include renewable energy, the automobile industry, the forestry industry, natural resourcebased industry and the service sector. Cali Nuur and his research team analyse the mechanisms behind industrial and technical changes. The theoretical platform of the research comprises of innovation theory, with an emphasis on entrepreneurship, learning, knowledgebuilding processes and competitiveness. The phenomena that are studied are linked to industrial development and the structural processes of transformation and growth. Nuur’s team is currently researching the conditions for the industrial transformation of the Swedish natural resourcebased industries.
the study of how people with different functions, skills and roles are organised and managed in order to successfully develop new products and services. Sofia Ritzén’s research focuses on how industrial companies create the ability to deliver breakthrough innovations that challenge conventional processes and management tools. She asks how innovations, that are not only guided by financial gain but also by ecological and social sustainable development goals, will be put into use in manufacturing companies. Her research also looks at how companies can convert to a circular economy and how, with the right management and organisational structures, obstacles can be overcome in order to integrate business development with sustainable development. Ritzén’s research occurs in close collaboration with private and public organisations.
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facu lty appoi ntme nts
Johann Packendorff Professor of Industrial Economics and Management
The project work format, in which complex, time-limited and unique tasks are managed, has become increasingly central to all sectors of the national economy, including the largest international companies, the public sector and academia. Research into the project work format borrows theoretical insights from contiguous fields such as organisational theory, leadership, critical management studies, gender and entrepreneurship. The subject’s classical core, theoretical methods for project planning, has thus
Associate Professor Teo Enlund
Department of Machine Design
Assistant Professors Andreas Archenti
Department of Production Engineering
Anders Broström
been extended towards understanding how projects are organised in practice and what consequences this brings to companies, groups and individuals, especially regarding working environments, stress, personal development, leadership and equality. Johann Packendorff’s research involves the project format’s consequences and leadership processes. His current research projects include results-based management of academia and the leadership cultures and organisational changes within healthcare.
Docents Sven Haglund
Department of Production Engineering
Jennie Björk
Department of Machine Design
Andreas Blomqvist
Department och Material Sience and Engineering
Department of Industrial Management and Economics
Antonio Maffei
Department of Production Engineering
Xi Wang
Department of Production Engineering
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th eses
Doctoral theses Industrial Economics and Management
Fuel Efficiency of Commercial Vehicles through Optimal
AGHASI KEIVAN, Predicting who stays or leaves after
Control of Energy Buffers
the acquisition: Target´s top manager turnover BREDICAN JOHN, Apps in the U-space From mobile to ubiquitous marketing DARMANI ANNA, Insights into mixed outcomes of renewable policy instruments in the electricity industry comes of renewable policy instruments in the electricity industry DWAIKAT NIDAL, Flexibility through Information Sharing Evidences from the Automotive Industry in Sweden ELLIS DEBORAH ANN, Consumer knowledge and its implications for aspects of consumer purchasing behaviour in the case of information-intensive products HALL DANIEL, Understanding the provision and processing of information for information-intensive products as a basis for market segmentation LEE LINDA, Customer-to-customer roles and impacts in service encounter NOVOTNY MICHAEL, Breaking the chains A technological and industrial transfomation beyond papermaking: Technology management of incumbents RAMIREZ PORTILLA ANDRES, The unexpected implications of opening up innovation A multiperspective study of the role of Open Innovation practices in mature industries WANG QI, Studies in the dynamics of science Exploring emergence, classification, and interdisciplinarity
LI XIN MIN, Efficiency and wear properties of spur gears
Machine Design
made of powder metallurgy materials NILSSON SUSANNE, Making innovation Everyone´s Business - using routines and controls
Energy Technology FUSO-NERINI FRANCESCO, Sustainable Energy Access for All Initial tools to compare technology options and costs GUÉDEZ MATA RAFAEL EDUARDO, A Techno-Economic Framework for the Analysis of Concentrating Solar Power Plants with Storage
Production Engineering DE SOUSA DIAS FERREIRA JOAO, Bio-Inspired Self-Organising Architecture for CyberPhysical Manufacturing Systems HYLL KARI, Image-based quantitative infrared analysis and microparticle characterisation for pulp and paper applications SALSINHA NEVES PEDRO, Reconfiguration Methodology to improve the agility and sustainability of Plug and Produce Systems
Material Science and Engineering ALLERTZ CARL, Sulfur and Nitrogen in Ladle Slag BAI HAITONG, A study of the Swirling Flow Pattern when Using TurboSwirl in the Casting Process DENG ZHIYIN, Study on the Interaction between Refractory and Liquid Steel Regarding Steel Cleanliness DILNER DAVID, Profitability = f(G) Computational Thermodynamics, Materials design and Process Optimization
ANNOSI MARIA CARMELA, Regulation and self-regulation
GUNARATHNE DULEEKA SANDAMALI, Advanced
of team learning and innovation activities
Gasification of Biomass/Waste for Substitution of
BEHERE SAGAR MORESHWAR, Reference Architectures for
Fossil Fuels in Steel Industry Heat Treatment Furnaces
Highly Automated Driving
HE JUNJING, High temperature performance
DUVEFELT KENNETH, Adhesion and Friction
of materials for future power plants
- a Study on Tactility
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KHODABAKHSHIAN KHANSARI MOHAMMAD, Improving
School of industrial engineering and management
th eses
KASEDDE HILLARY, Towards the Improvement
SALEEM SAUD, On the surface quality of
of Salt Extraction from Lake Katwe
continuously cast steels and phosphor bronzes
Raw Materials in Uganda
XU YONGGUI, A study of Bubble and
KAZEMI MANIA, Fundamental Studies Related
Inclusion Behaviors in a Liquid Steel Bath
to Gaseous Reduction of Iron Oxide
XUAN CHANGJI, Wettability and Agglomeration
LI RUIHUAN, First-principles study of
Characteristics of Non-Metallic Inclusions
defects in structural materials
ÅNMARK NICLAS, Steel characteristics and their link
LI WEI, First-principles description of planar
to chip breaking and tool wear in metal cutting
faults in metals and alloys
Metallurgical Process Science
LIU HAILONG, A study of the Particle Transport
EKENGÅRD JOHAN, Slag/Metal
Behavior in Enclosed Environments
Metallurgy in Iron and Steel Melts
NABEEL MUHAMMAD, A study of micro-
STENEHOLM KARIN, The Effect of Ladle Treatment
particles in the dust and melt at different
on Steel Cleanness in Tool Steels Economics
stages of iron and steelmaking
DING DING, Heterogeneous
NILSSON JOHAN, First-principles studies of
Innovation and Labour Mobility
kinetic effects in energy-related materials
ZHETIBAEVA ELVUNG GULZAT, Employment in New
SAFFARI POUR MOHSEN, Producer Gas
Firms: Mobility and Labour Market Outcomes
Implementation in Steel Reheating Furnaces from Lab to Industrial Scale A Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics Approach
Licentiate theses HÄGGSTRÖM DANIEL, On synchronization of
Material Science and Engineering
heavy truck transmissions
AKBARNEJAD SHAHIN, Experimental and
Machine design
Mathematical Study of Incompressible Fluid Flow
Energy Technology
through Ceramic Foam Filters
XYLIA MARIA, Is energy efficiency the forgotten key
HE SHUANG, Interactions and phase stability in
to successful energy policy?
Ni-rich binary alloys
Investigating the Swedish case
HOU ZIYONG, Study of precipitation in martensitic Fe-C-Cr alloys during tempering Experiments and
Production Engineering RAHATULAIN AFIFA, Towards a Holistic Development Approach for Adaptable Manufacturing Paradigms - A Case Study of Evolvable Production Systems
modelling THIYAM PRIYADARSHINI, A study of finite-size and non-perturbative effects on the van der Waals and the Casimir-Polder forces YANG ANNIKA, Evaluation of Iron Losses during Desulfurization of Hot Metal by Modern Reagents
School of industrial engineering and management
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facts an d figu r es
Staff
488 135
118
51
31
9
37
77
30
Researchers 135
Assistant Professors 9
PhD-students* 118
Associate Professors 37
Professors 51
Administrators 77
Lecturers 31
Techincians 30
(27 women)
(37 women)
(14 women)
(5 women)
(10 women)
(65 women)
(3 women)
* This number does not include industry-employed doctoral students and doctoral students on scholarship
University allocations
227
MSEK undergraduate education
182
MSEK External financing
133
MSEK research/ doctoral studies
RESEARCHCENTRES
DEPARTMENTS AND UNITS Energy Technology Applied Thermodynamics and Refrigeration Energy and Climate Studies Energy Systems Analysis Heat and Power Technology Industrial Economics and Management Economics Industrial Management Industrial Marketing and Entrepreneurship Organisation and Management Sustainability and Industrial Dynamics Machine Design Internal Combustion Engines Integrated Product Development Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems Systems and Component Design Materials Science and Engineering Unit of Processes Unit of Structures Unit of Properties Production Engineering Sustainable Production Systems Evolvable Production Systems Sustainable Production Systems Applied Mechanical Engineering Advanced maintenance systems and production logistics Process management and sustainable production
Applied R&D in Refridgerator and Heat Pump Technology (EffSys+), Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS), Competence Center Gas Exchange - CCGEx, Design and Management of Manufacturing Systems (DMMS) , Innovative Centre for Embedded Systems , Integrated Transport Research Lab (ITRL) , KTH Lean Centre, Turbo-power research center, VinnExcellence center for Hierarchic engineering of industrial materials (HERO-M) , Powertrain Manufacturing for Heavy Vehicles Application Lab (PMH)
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facts an d figu r es
Programmes
EDUCATION
Technical Preparatory Year, Technical Preparatory Semester
3545 registered programme students on first and second level education
FIRST CYCLE EDUCATION Bachelor of Science in Engineering, 180 credits Mechanical Engineering
338 registered doctoral students*
SECOND CYCLE EDUCATION Master of Science in Engineering, 300 credits Design and Product Realisation Energy and Environment Industrial Engineering and Management Mechanical Engineering Materials Design and Engineering Industrial Technology and Sustainability (track within Mechanical Engineering) Master’s programmes, 120 credits Economics of Innovation and Growth Engineering Materials Science Engineering Design Industrial Management Innovative Sustainable Energy Engineering Integrated Product Design Production Engineering and Management Sustainable Energy Engineering Sustainable Technology Master’s programmes, 60 credits Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management Project Management and Operational Development Applied Logistics (in Swedish) Erasmus Mundus Master´s Programmes, 120 credits Environomical Pathways for Sustainable Energy Systems Aeromechanics
NEW STUDENTS 605 students on the Master of Science in Engineering, of whom 38 per cent are women. 113 students on the Bachelor of Science in Engineering, of whom 19 per cent are women. 578 students starting Master Programmes of whom 26 per cent are women.*
Degrees
328
Master of Science in Engineering of whom 40 per cent to women.
33 Bachelor of Science in Engineering of whom 12 per cent to women.
304
Master degree/Master of Science, of whom 28 percent to women.
8 Licentiate degrees of whom 50 per cent to women.
35 PhD degrees of whom 28 per cent to women.
708
THIRD CYCLE EDUCATION Energy Technology Industrial Management and Economics Production Engineering Machine Design Material Science and Technology School of i n dustrial engi n eeri ng an d management
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facts an d figu r es
PROGRAM
2016
2015
Master of Science in Engineering, Degree Programme 270/300 HE credits Total/women
Total/women
Design and Product Realisation
117 / 51%
115 / 52%
Energy and Environment
84 / 52%
82 / 56%
Industrial Engineering and Management
160/ 36%
159 / 29%
Mechanical Engineering
162 / 25 %
165 / 30 %
Industrial Technology and Sustainability
39 / 36%
-
Materials Design and Engineering
43 / 33%
47 / 43%
605 / 38%
568 / 39%
Sub-total
Degree of Master of Science in Engineering, Second Cycle Design and Product Realisation
62 / 47%
76 / 55%
Energy and Environment
31 / 68%
15 / 53%
106/ 44%
118 / 28%
21/ 43%
34 / 18%
328 / 40%
388 / 32%
Industrial Engineering and Management Materials Design and Engineering Sub-total
Bachelor of Science in Engineering, Degree programme 180 HEw credits Mechanical Engineering
113 / 19%
113 / 20%
Sub-total
113 / 19%
113 /20%
Masters programmes 120 HE credits
536 / 27%
479 / 30%
Masters programmes 60 HE credits
42 / 24%
97 / 31%
578 / 26%
576 / 30%
Masters programmes
Sub-total Technical Preparatory Year, Technical Preparatory Semester TOTAL
117 /32% 1413 / 31%
The number of new master students includes both student who applied specifically to a Master´s Programme, KTH-students from Master of Science in Engineering Programmes who apply for the Master´s Programmes for the last two years of their education, and fee-paying students
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142 /37% 1399 / 34%
facts an d figu r es
RESULT
2016
2015
35 840
35 950
3 026
6 209
Assets Fixed assets Accounts receivable Contract claims Other receivables
0
0
831
596
Cut-outs
69 689
60 529
Cash, money order and bank
-14 305
1 154
ASSETS
95 082
104 440
Government agency capital
18 186
17 851
Government capital
8 047
5 664
Authority capital from prev. year
18 186
17 851
Authority capital year
8 047
-5 664
10 786
-5 249
620
-239
0
0
Accounts payable Other liabilities Accruals Unused external resources Deferred revenue Unallocated fund Liabilities
TOTAL ASSETS
-9 504
-9 603
100 404
-101 534
0
0
121 317
116626
-95 082
-104 440
All amounts reported in thousand SEK*
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