Insitu data report ionin sea

STUDIO “EFB” STUDIME&SHERBIME GJEOLOGJIKE Rr. “Fortuzit” Pall.124, Shk.1, Ap.2, Tirane NR. License: GJ 0535 E- mail : florian.lilaj@yahoo.it Mobile : 0662066495

Project “SAIMON/LP2/SER 06/2014/348-506” REPORT “External Expertise for in situ data collection and Sampling” Ionian Sea, Albania

Ionian Sea

Prepared by: EFB Studio JON Studio

June 2016

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................4 2. Selection of the sampling points........................................................................................................5 2.1.Vlora bay stations..................................................................................................................................

2.2 Orikumi bay station...............................................................................................................................

2.3 Dhermiu beach stations.........................................................................................................................

2.4 Himara beach stations............................................................................................................................

2.5 Qeparoi beach station............................................................................................................................

2.6 Lukova beach station...........................................................................................................................

2.7 Kakomea beach station........................................................................................................................

2.8 Saranda beach stations.........................................................................................................................

2.9 Stillo Cape stations..............................................................................................................................

3. Description of the sampling campaigns – First phase......................................................................12 4. Description of the sampling campaigns – Second phase..................................................................13 5. Methods for sampling, transport and storage, analysis....................................................................13 5.1.Sampling techniques............................................................................................................................

5.2 Preservation/treatment of the samples.................................................................................................

5.3 Methods of parameters/indicators measures........................................................................................

5. INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS........................................................................................24 6.

CONCLUSIONS.........................................................................................................................35

7.

RECOMMENDATIONS.............................................................................................................36

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Index of Photos Photo 1. Transparency measurement by the Secci Disc Photo 2. Multi parametric probe for pH, CE, O2 and T0C Photo. Urban settlements along coastline in Palasa –Himara Photo Saranda bay

Index of Tables Table no. 1 Physio-chemical parameters of water quality Table no. 2 measures made by the Hydrolab Probes “in situ”.

Table no. 3 Water moster, Saranda in shallow Table no. 4 Water moster, Saranda in depth, 1km far from the first Table no. 5Water moster, Stillo Cape in shallow Table no. 6 Water moster, Stillo Cape in depth, 1km far from the first one Table no. 7 Water moster, Saranda, chlorophyll - a Table no. 8 The level of chlorophyll by sampling points Table 9. The values of the chlorophyll --a measured by the hydrolab probe every 500m Table 10 The stations where the chlorophyll-a content has been measured Table 11 Values of Chlorophyll-a measured during two phases Table 12 Values of "chlorophyll -a" values measured during the 1st and 2 nd Phase in depth, 1km far Table 13 Threshold values according to the determination of trophic-status Table 14. Natural water quality that support fish growing (EC Decision: 78/659, dt.

18.07.1978; BMZ, 1995) Table 15. The water classification standard by using the Carlson Trophic State Index Table 16 Trophy index calculation Table 17 Stations and transparency on first phase Table 18 Values of transparency measured at 3 points for each station during the 2nd phase

Index of Graphics Graph. 1 Relationship between chlorophyll-a and temperature Graph. 2 Transparency values in coastline and 1km far from it Graph. 3 Chlorophyll-a content in coastline stations Graph. 4 Transparency content in coastline stations and 1km far from it Graph. 5 Relationship between chlorophyll-a and temperature Graph. 6 Values of the Chlorophyll-a measured in 2nd phase by the hydrolab probe every 500m Graph. 7 Relationships between temperature and chlorophyll-a content Graph. 8 Relationships between Azote and chlorophyll a content

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1. Introduction This report is written upon the request of the project “Satellite near Real Time Monitoring Network of the Eutrophication Risk for Marine Waters over the Greek Albanian cross border area” SAIMON for “External Expertise for “in situ” data collection and Sampling” in the Ionian Sea, Albania.

The goal of this report is to make an assessment of the activities developed during the monitoring program implementation for the physic-chemical parameters of water quality.

The report is focused on the monitoring program developed and implemented by all partners of the project and problems, gaps and difficulties analysed to give the clear situation of trophic status of Ionian Sea and implemented according to the WFD requirements. It is clear that the program validation based on satellite images cannot realized without the monitoring “in situ” where the minimum time period will be not less 2 times for the year referred to the wet and dry period. This is based on changes and relationships of the temperature, pH, chlorophyll-a regarding to the resolution of satellite images.

Photo 1. Transparency measurement by the Secci Disc When a new program is being started, or a lapsed program is being reinstated, it is useful to begin with a small-scale pilot project like a SAIMON project. This provides an opportunity for all involved partners to gain hands-on experience and to confirm whether components of the program can be implemented as planned. It may also provide an opportunity to assess the sampling network and provide indications of whether more (or possibly fewer) samples are needed in order to gain knowledge of the water quality at various points throughout a water body.

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During the preliminary survey it is important to test assumptions about the mixing of monitoring points at the selected sampling sites and times. It might be appropriate, therefore, to consider variations in water quality at selected sampling sites throughout an annual cycle in order to confirm the number of samples required to produce representative data.

In a sea it may be necessary to sample at different points to determine whether water quality can be estimated at a single point or whether the sea behaves as a number of separate water bodies with different water quality characteristics. It is also essential to investigate variation in water quality with depth and especially during stratification. Ionian Sea, at its littoral, is generally well-mixed at overturn (i.e. when stratification breaks down) and sampling from a single depth or the preparation of a composite sample from two depths may adequately represent the overall water quality.

All these elements are taken into account when the monitoring program has been implemented during the project time life. At this report it is provided the assessment of the results taken during the sampling campaign and results of analyses in chemical laboratory, also, taken “in situ” by the multiparametric probes.

Photo 2. Multi parametric probe for pH, CE, O2 and T0C Data are collected during two field sampling campaigns respecting the guide of the sampling techniques and also the time storage and transport of the samples. The sampling campaign is carried out from the sampling team of EFB and JON Studios.

2. Selection of the sampling points Processes affecting sea water quality and their influence should be taken into account when sampling sites are selected. A sampling site is the general area of a water body from which samples are to be taken and is sometimes called a “macro location”.

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The exact place at which the sample is taken is commonly referred to as a sampling station or, sometimes, a “microlocation�. Selection of sampling sites requires consideration of the monitoring objectives and some knowledge of the geography of the water-course system, as well as of the uses of the water and of any discharges of wastes into it. Sampling sites are marked on a map after a final decision on the precise location of a sampling station that are made by the project staff and EFB and JON Studios. The selected numbers of monitoring stations are selected to assess the magnitude and impact of the significant point source, diffuse source and hydro-morphological pressures.

Based on the pressures present in the areas along the Ionian seaside, Albanian part has defined the monitoring stations for completing the aim of the project. These monitoring stations are defined based on ToR-s given by the Client, National Monitoring Programme

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for washing waters and directly by this project taking in consideration the specific characteristics as the activities applied in selected points and “blank” points.

2.1. Vlora bay stations The South Coast Area is 244 km long (45% of the Albanian coast) and starts in the southern city of Vlora, continues in the Orikumi Bay and ends at the Greek-Albanian border, in Cape Stillos.

From geographical point of view, Vlora bay is included at Adriatic watershed and partially in Ionian watershed, where discharges its waters through its hydrographic network of Vjosa River.

Watershed of Vlora bay is bordered on north with watershed of Ionian Sea. The stations chosen for the monitoring programme applied in Albanian part are:

1Vlora bay 1st station – at coordinates X = 4372265, Y = 4479707. It is in the front of the Vlora bay, in western part, just to the shallow seawater. The territory in this area has a considerable settlements surface which is very adapted for urban wastes, sewage and industrial activities, etc. Also, in this side of the sea, fishery and livestock breeding are developed as an economic activity. These activities are in a non-problematic level in the area.

2Vlora bay 2nd station – it is in the same line with the first point. The difference between two points stays at the distance from the shoreline and the bathymetry of Ionian Sea. In both stations the tourism is developed and has its influence because the numerous bars and restaurants and sewage system which discharged in Ionian Sea.

2.2 Orikumi bay station It includes the zone to the south western part of Vlora city at Karaburuni Peninsula. Behind the sampling points there is Orikumi lagoon that is the smallest in Albania. It occupies a surface of about 100ha. It is connected with the Ionian Sea. To the south this lagoon is limited from alluviums of Dukati River and to the north by Ionian Sea waters. It is separated from Ionian Sea by a thin belt of clay depositions. It is shallow and discharges its waters by a pumping station in case of over raining.

The selection of the stations is based on the main pollution resource in the lake and also on the main pressures coming into lake from point and diffuse sources of pollution.

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Orikumi bay 1st station at coordinates x = 4369097 and Y = 4467314. It is in the northern part of the Albanian part of Ionian Sea. The main impact is urban pressure and also from the fisheries.

Orikumi bay 2nd station at coordinates x = 4368224 and Y = 4467846. It is in the northern part of the Albanian part of Ionian Sea. The main impact is urban pressure and also from the fisheries.

2.3 Dhermiu beach stations It is part of the municipality Himara. The bay lies 42 kilometres south of the city of Vlora and about the same distance north of the southern city of SarandĂŤ. The bay is under a slope of the Cerauni Mountains at approximately 0 meters in altitude. The mountains descend to the southwest into the Ionian coast and Corfu in the distance to the south. Nearby is the village of Palasa.

Recently, the coastal area has seen a boom in the construction of accommodation facilities, such as wooden villa complexes. In addition, there are a lot of touristic activities which will be a factor for pollutions of Ionian Sea. Dhermiu beach 1st station at coordinates x = 4383630 and Y = 4446409. It is in the middle part of the Albanian part of Ionian seaside. The main impact is urban pressure and also from the fisheries.

Dhermiu beach 2nd station at coordinates x = 4383476 and Y = 4445915. It is in the northern part of the Albanian part of Ionian Sea. The main impact is the fisheries.

2.4 Himara beach stations - Himara beach stations - It lies between the Cerauni Mountains and the Ionian Sea and is part of the Albanian Riviera.

The area has a great potential for tourism, with the major characteristics of the municipal town being its seaside promenade. Its coastal region contains a number of recently built beach resorts. Himara beach 1st station at coordinates x = 4383630 and Y = 4446409. It is in the middle part of the Albanian part of Ionian seaside. The main impact are the urban pressure, sewages and also from the fisheries.

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Himara beach 2nd station at coordinates x = 4383476 and Y = 4445915. It is in the northern part of the Albanian part of Ionian Sea. The main impact is the fisheries.

2.5 Qeparo beach station - Qeparo is situated on the western slope of Mount Gjivlash. Qeparo is bounded to the south and southwest by the Ionian Sea. The slopes of the mountains discharge the waters directly to the sea. The discharged waters which washing pastures and urban wastes collected to the low part on the seaside. From the other hand it has a good hydraulic connection between the Qeparoi spring and the Ionian Sea. Qeparoi spring flows almost at the same quote as the sea. It is really much salinized and shows the communication between sea and continent.

Qeparo beach 1st station at coordinates x = 4399008 and Y = 4435905. It is in front of the beach and also near the Qeparo spring. The main impacts are the agricultural land, pastures and animals as well as the fisheries and touristic activities. The sewages are not treated. The solid urban wastes often spread in surface and washed by the rainfalls toward the sea.

Qeparo beach 2nd station at coordinates x = 4398979 and Y = 4435221. It is in the northern part of the Albanian part of Ionian Sea. The main impact is the fisheries.

2.6 Lukova beach station.

Lukova beach station. It is under the hills and mountains which bordered the seaside in western part of Ionian Sea. The sampling point is not influenced by the settlements or other industrial or urban and touristic activities. It might be an easy influence from pasture and livestock will be present on seawater. The main impact within the seawater is fisheries.

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Lukova beach 1st station at coordinates X = 4407092 and Y = 4427307. It is placed under the Lukova village relatively far from the seaside, on the top of surrounded hills. The main impact is the fisheries.

Lukova beach 2nd station at coordinates x = 4398979 and Y = 4435221. The main impact is the fisheries.

2.7 Kakomea beach station Kakomea beach station is located about 12km north of Saranda town, at Ionian Sea. It represents a beautiful landscape and is protected zone. As the other beaches along the Ionian coastline it is surrounded by carbonate high hills with reach forests, pastures and different vegetation. The rocky features are dominant.

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Kakomea beach 1st station at coordinates X = 4409250 and Y = 4422005. It is placed under rocky carbonate formation with clear stratification toward the sea. The main impact is the fisheries.

Kakomea beach 2nd station at coordinates X = 4406664 and Y = 4427038. The depth of the sea quickly coming high. The influence from the human activities or natural condition is small. The main possible impact is the fisheries.

2.8 Saranda beach stations.

Saranda beach stations. It is in the front of the Saranda bay, in western part, just to the shallow seawater, close to the state harbour. The territory in this area has a considerable settlements surface which is very adapted for urban wastes, sewage and industrial activities, etc. Also, in this side of sea, fishery and livestock breeding are developed as an economic activity. These activities are in a non-problematic level in the area.

Too much restaurants, side-bars and houses as well as the industrial works are emplaced just on the seawater. A lot of boats moving from Saranda to the Greece and vice versa. They are another factor that influence in the water quality of the seawater.

Saranda beach 1st station at coordinates X = 4414735 and Y = 4415753. The depth of the sea after the litoral is almost flat. The influence from the human activities or natural condition is big. The main possible impacts are human and industrial activities as well as the fisheries.

Saranda beach 2nd station at coordinates X = 4414980 and Y = 4414831.

The depth of the sea after the litoral is almost flat.

The influence from the human activities or natural condition is present. The main possible impacts are the boats and fisheries.

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2.9 Stillo Cape stations Stillo Cape stations Stillo Cape is part of VlorĂŤ County, located in the Ionian Sea, 200 meters off the coast of Stillo Island, in the southernmost coast of Albania. The cape was military zone until 1992 and access was prohibited.

Although not the most southern point of Albania, it consists of the southernmost tip of the Albanian coastline. The shoreline is rocky and sparsely vegetated. Along this shoreline and into the sea the fishing is developed. The influence of the Vivari channel that connect the Butrinti lagoon with the Ionian Sea can be present.

Stillo Cape 1st station at coordinates X = 4413101 and Y = 4398573. It is placed under rocky carbonate formation with inclination toward the sea. The main impact is the fisheries and the water exchanged with the Butrinti lagoon.

Stillo Cape 2nd station at coordinates X = 4412436 and Y = 4398545. The main impact is the fisheries and the pollution caused by the boats as instance the hydrocarbons.

3. Description of the sampling campaigns – First phase The plan for sampling campaign was discussed in Working Group meeting on March 2016, where all participants discussed for the water quality parameters of chemical, biological and microbiological assessment. All the parameters are recommended by WFD and will be used to assess the water status for its chemical and ecological quality. Also during this meeting the monitoring program implementation was discussed. According to the monitoring program the water samples are taken at all sampling stations described above at respective stations and locations, in one sampling campaign, which is belonged to one season, as it is recommended of WFD. The data about the sampling campaign put in monitoring field sheet where data from the location (coordination), weather conditions, water of sea visibility (transparency) and the parameters measured in the field were prescribed. According to the field sheet data the weather conditions during the field campaign were: 1- On March 2016 - good sunny weather and no wind, no wave During the first sampling campaign 17-20 March 2016 and 24-27 March the EFB consortium sampling team has completed their work in easily conditions accompanied quite sea, normal temperatures and no waves.

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The field monitoring sheet will be attached in this report when the monitoring program will be completed with the second campaign, in June 2016.

4. Description of the sampling campaigns – Second phase On June 2016 - good sunny weather and no wind, no wave During the second sampling campaign 15-19 March 2016 and 20-22 June the EFB consortium sampling team has completed their work in easily conditions accompanied quite sea, normal temperatures and no waves.

The field monitoring sheet is attached in this report because the monitoring program is completed with this last campaign.

5. Methods for sampling, transport and storage, analysis 5.1. Sampling techniques Collecting of samples was done by one motor-boats, the owner of one is the private subject.

One day was spent for collection of samples in each station during the campaigns.

Samples of water were taken by Ruthner bottle of 3 litres, which was providing by EFB consortium. Water samples were taken at two depths (surface and bottom of water column) in all the stations. All sampling procedures conducted according official standard methodology using field equipment. Samples for general chemical analysis were collected in containers of polyethylene bottles or glass bottle 1 litre. Samples for chlorophyll-a are collected in dark glass bottles of 1.5 litres after the measurements directly in the sea by the multi parametric probes. All samples are registered putting the code of the sampling site, parameters that will be analysed and the amount of the sample according to the procedure of the registration and also the field sheet data are filled in site during the sampling campaign.

5.2 Preservation/treatment of the samples According to the standard for preservation and treatment of samples EFB consortium has used the table below for the physio-chemical parameters of water quality: Table no. 1 Physio-chemical parameters of water quality Parameter Chloride Chlorophyll DO (Winkler) pH Inorganic

Containers Polyethylene Glass test tube with stopper (after filtration) Glass Polyethylene Glass

Treatment and conservation Cooling on 4°C Freezing -20°C

on

Fixed in site Nothing Cooling on 4°C

Minimal amount of sample (ml) 100

Maximal time for conservation 7 day

1500

7 day

300 100 100

6 hour 6 hour 24 hour 13

phosphorous Total phosphorous Conductivity

Glass

Cooling on 4°C

100

1 month

Polyethylene

Cooling on 4°C

100

24 hour

Bottles with samples were disposed in cooling boxes, at low temperature. The samples were transported to laboratory by car. The containers with samples were saved from any outside influences. The samples carefully transported to laboratory as soon as possible from the sampling day. When the samples came in laboratory, they disposed in refrigerators at 4 °C, waiting to analysis.

5.3 Methods of parameters/indicators measures All analyses for water quality parameters were done according to the agreed standard methods. Temperature of water, depth, transparency, pH, were measured in the field by thermometer, Secci disk, multi-parametric analytic equipment that was calibrated before in the laboratory. The samples of chlorophyll-a were filtered through the glass filter 0, 45 µm, as soon as they come in laboratory. All the other parameters were analysed in laboratory within determined time according to the specification methods of each parameter.

The parameters of water quality are measured in laboratory of national Environmental Agency that use the standard methods like ISO, EN standards or methods taken from the American manual for water and waste water examination.

Sampling of chlorophyll a was carried out in the following part of the southern Albanian coast. The device with which is used for sampling is called Hydrolab DS5. It measures the water quality parameters “in-situ”. At the same time with the measurement of chlorophyll a were measured water temperature and salinity, also. Selected points, for each station, where measurements were made were two bus; the first point near the shore and the second item 1 km from the coast. The level of chlorophyll a by sampling points is provided in the following table. The place's name with the number 1 is the nearshore sampling points and the number of sampling points 2 is 1km far from the coast.

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FIRST PHASE

The levels of chlorophyll-a by sampling points are provided in the following table. The place’s name with the number 1 is the nearshore sampling points and the number of sampling points 2 is 1km from the coast.

Table no. 2 The table below shows the measures made by the Hydrolab Probes “in situ”.

No.

PARAMETRAT Sampling points

1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9

Vlorë 1 Vlorë 2 Orikum 1 Orikum 2 Dhërmi1 Dhërmi2 Himarë 1 Himarë 2 Qeparo 1 Qeparo 2 Lukovë 1 Lukovë 2 Kakome 1 Kakome 2 Sarande 1 Sarande 2 Stillo Cape 1 Stillo Cape 2

Temperature (C°) 16.6 15.4 14.9 14.3 15.6 15.6 16.3 16.1 16.0 15.5 15.9 15.7 16.1 15.6 16.2 15.9 15.7 15.6

Clorophyll - a (μg/l) 1.13 0.44 0.19 0.21 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.43 0.43 0.1 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.16 0.17 0.13 0.14

Salinity (‰) 35 39 39 39 40 40 39 39 40 40 39 40 40 40 39 39 40 40

Deep of sampling (m) 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5

Graph. 1 Relationship between chlorophyll-a and temperature 15

Transparency

D e e p ( m )

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Transparency

Sampling stations Graph. 2 Transparency values in coastline and 1km far

Table no. 3 Table of method used by laboratories that will be part in monitoring program implementation for the Ionian Sea Moster describe: Water moster, Saranda in shallow Parameter

Methods of determination

Results

No 1.

pH

ISO 10523 : 2008

7.94 + 0.024

2.

Conductivity

S SH EN ISO 27888: 1993

51.1 mS/cm

3.

TDS

Measured by multimeter

> 1500 mg/l

4.

Salinity

Measured by multimeter

32.7

5.

Phosphorous PPO4

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.029 + 0.01 mg/l

6.

Total Phosphorous

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.038 + 0.021 mg/l

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Table no. 4 Moster describe: Water moster, Saranda in depth, 1km far from the first No Parameter Methods of determination Results 1.

pH

ISO 10523 : 2008

8.08 + 0.024

2.

Conductivity

S SH EN ISO 27888: 1993

54.1 mS/cm

3.

TDS

Measured by multimeter

> 1500 mg/l

4.

Salinity

Measured by multimeter

35.5

5.

Phosphorous PPO4

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.031+ 0.01 mg/l

6.

Total Phosphorous

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.040 + 0.021 mg/l

Table no. 5 Moster describe: Water moster, Stillo Cape in shallow No Parameter Methods of determination 1.

pH

2.

Conductivity

3.

Results

ISO 10523 : 2008

8.17 + 0.024

S SH EN ISO 27888: 1993

55.7 mS/cm

TDS

Measured by multimeter

> 1500 mg/l

4.

Salinity

Measured by multimeter

36.8

5.

Phosphorous PPO4

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.035 + 0.01 mg/l

6.

Total Phosphorous

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.042 + 0.021 mg/l

Table no. 6 Moster describe: Water moster, Stillo Cape in depth, 1km far from the first one No Parameter Methods of determination Results 1.

pH

ISO 10523 : 2008

8.10 + 0.024

2.

Conductivity

S SH EN ISO 27888: 1993

50. 2 mS/cm

3.

TDS

Measured by multimeter

> 1500 mg/l

4.

Salinity

Measured by multimeter

32.8

5.

Phosphorous PPO4

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.037 + 0.01 mg/l

6.

Total Phosphorous

S SH EN ISO 6878:2004

0.045 + 0.021 mg/l

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Table no. 7 Moster describe: Water moster, Saranda, chlorophyll - a No Station Methods of determination

Determined parameters

Results

1.

Saranda station 1 in surface

ISO 10523 : 2008

chlorophyll a

0.0011 mg/l

2.

Saranda station 2 in surface

ISO 10523 : 2008

chlorophyll a

0.0077 mg/l

3.

Saranda station 2 in depth

ISO 10523 : 2008

chlorophyll a

0.00102 mg/l

4.

Stillo Cape station 1in surface

ISO 10523 : 2008

chlorophyll a

0.0041 mg/l

5.

Stillo Cape station 2 in surface

ISO 10523 : 2008

chlorophyll a

0.0048 mg/l

6.

Stillo Cape station 2 in depth

ISO 10523 : 2008

chlorophyll a

0.0013 mg/l

Table no. 8 The level of chlorophyll by sampling points are provided in the following table. The places's name with the number 1 is the nearshore sampling points and the number of sampling points 2 is 1km from the coast.

No

Sampling points

1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7

Vlorë 1 Vlorë 2 Orikum 1 Orikum 2 Dhërmi1 Dhërmi2 Himarë 1 Himarë 2 Qeparo 1 Qeparo 2 Lukovë 1 Lukovë 2 Kakome 1 Kakome 2

Temperature (C°) 16.6 15.4 14.9 14.3 15.6 15.6 16.3 16.1 16.0 15.5 15.9 15.7 16.1 15.6

PARAMETERS Chlorophyll a Salinity (μg/l) (‰) 1.13 35 0.44 39 0.19 39 0.21 39 0.16 40 0.16 40 0.16 39 0.17 39 0.43 40 0.43 40 0.1 39 0.13 40 0.14 40 0.11 40

Depth (m) 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5

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Clorophyll-a content

m g / l

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0

Clorophyll a content

Sampling points

Graph. 3 Chlorophyll-a content in coastline stations

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SECOND PHASE During the second phase of measurements have been realized three measurements, every 500m instead two points during the first phase, 0 - 1km. The added points has been requested by the project in order to increase the quality and accuracy of measurements in the selected points in order to compare the data “in situ� with the data provided by the satellite image with determine size cells. From the other hand, during this phase, has been selected the most appropriate days with good climatic condition, especially related to the waves that strongly influence in transparency. In the specific graphics the transparency is represented by the two values similar with the first phase in order to compare their values at the same points.

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

Trasparency

Trasparency

Deepth (m)

Graph. 4 Transparency content in coastline stations and 1km far from it Table 9. The values of the chlorophyll --a measured by the hydrolab probe every 500m Stations Vlora Bay 1 Vlora Bay 500 Vlora Bay 1000 Orikumi Bay 1 Orikumi Bay 500 Orikumi Bay 1000 Dhermiu Bay 1 Dhermiu Bay 500 Dhermiu Bay 1000 Himara Bay 1 Himara Bay 500 Himara Bay 100 Qeparo Bay 1 Qeparo Bay 500 Qeparo Bay 1000 Lukova 1 Lukova 500 Lukova 1000

Temp. oC 25.7 22.84 22.52 23.69 22.6 22.45 22.51 22.51 22.79 22.5 23.5 23.3 23.5 23.5 23.02 23.56 23.5 23.5

chlorophyll -a_by Hydrolab_Surface 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1 0.9 1.4 1.38 1.1 1.9 1.3 0.9 1.6 1.1 1.1

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Kakome 1 Kakome 500 Kakome 1000

23.13 23.11 23.11

1.6 1.2 1.2

Saranda Bay 1 Saranda Bay 500 Saranda Bay 1000 Stillo Cape 1 Stillo Cape 500

23.2

2.1

23.35 23.43 24.6 24.2

1.3 0.9 2.5 1.6

Stillo Cape 1000

24.2

1.6

Relationship between clorophyll-a and temperature 18 16 14 12 10

Temperature Moving average (Temperature ) Clorophyll a Moving average (Clorophyll a)

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values

6 4 2 0

Sampling points

Graph. 5 Relationship between chlorophyll-a and temperature

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Chlorophyll-a 3 2.5 2 1.5 Chlorophyll-a

1 0.5 0

Graph. 6 The values of the Chlorophyll-a measured in second phase by the hydrolab probe every 500m

Relationship Chlophylla-a Temperature 30 25 20 15 10

Temperature Chlorophyll-a

5 0

Graph. 7 Relationships between temperature and chlorophyll a content in all points

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Relationship "Azot-Chlorophyll-a" 2.5 2 1.5 1

Azot Chlorophyll-a

0.5 0

Graph. 8 Relationships between Azote and chlorophyll a content in all points

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5. INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS Based on the results of the first and second phase seems to be a clear differences between the chlorophyll-a content. These results are going together with temperature differences. So, for the higher temperatures we can distinguish higher values of chlorophyll-a. At the same time the content increasing in second phase is linear in comparison with the first phase with small differences in values. Based on these values, we can show that, at the same stations and respective points, are kept the same “anomalies� in values. The results show that near the coastline points and in specific points as Vlora bay, Qeparo, Saranda Bay and Stillo Cape, the chlorophyll a content is higher as other points. We can interpret these values as result of urban discharges in Vlora Bay, Qeparo, Saranda Bay and the industrial discharges in Stillo Cape where the fish industry is developed nearby.

Table 10 The stations where the chlorophyll-a content has been measured Stations

chlorophyll -a_by Hydrolab_Surface Phase1

chlorophyll -a_by Hydrolab_Surface Phase2

Vlora Bay 1 Vlora Bay 2 Orikumi Bay 1 Orikumi Bay 2 Dhermiu Bay 1 Dhermiu Bay 2 Himara Bay 1 Himara Bay 2

1.13 0.44 0.19 0.21 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17

1.5 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.1

Qeparo Bay 1 Qeparo Bay 2 Lukova 1 Lukova 2 Kakome 1 Kakome 2 Saranda Bay 1 Saranda Bay 2 Stillo Cape 1

0.43

1.9

0.43 0.1 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.16 0.17 0.13

1.9 1.6 1.1 1.6 1.2 2.1 0.9 2.5

Stillo Cape 2

0.14

1.6

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Comparison of "chlorophyll -a", Ph1-Ph2 3 2.5 2 1.5

Phase1 Phase2

1 0.5 0

Graph. 9 Comparison of "chlorophyll-a" measured during the 1st and 2nd Phase Table 11 Values of Chlorophyll-a measured during two phases Stations

Chlorophyll-a_by Hydrolab_

Chlorophyll-a_by Hydrolab

Surface Phase1

Surface Phase2

Vlora Bay 1

1.13

1.5

Orikumi Bay 1

0.19

1.2

Dhermiu Bay 1

0.16

1.2

Himara Bay 1

0.16

1.4

Qeparo Bay 1

0.43

1.9

Lukova 1

0.1

1.6

Kakome 1

0.14

1.6

Saranda Bay 1

0.16

2.1

Stillo Cape 1

0.13

2.5

Based on these values we can see the increasing of them during the second phase especially in Stillo Cape.

25

Graph. 10 Comparison of "chlorophyll -a" values measured during the 1st and 2nd Phase in shallow deep

Comparison of "chlorophyll -a" in 1 m, Ph1-Ph2 3 2.5 2 1.5

Phase1 Phase2

1 0.5 0

Table 12 Values of "chlorophyll -a" values measured during the 1st and 2nd Phase in depth, 1km far Stations

Chlorophyll-a_by Hydrolab_Surface

Chlorophyll-a _by Hydrolab_Surface

Phase1

Phase2

Vlora Bay 2

0.44

1.2

Orikumi Bay 2

0.21

1.4

Dhermiu Bay 2

0.16

0.9

Himara Bay 2

0.17

1.1

Qeparo Bay 2

0.43

1.9

Lukova 2

0.13

1.1

Kakome 2

0.11

1.2

Saranda Bay 2

0.17

0.9

Stillo Cape 2

0.14

1.6

26

Graph. 11 Comparison of "chlorophyll -a" values measured during the 1st and 2nd Phase in depth, 1km far from the coastline

Comparison of "chlorophyll -a" in 1000 m, Ph1-Ph2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0

Phase1 Phase2

Seawaters are environmental, economic and tourist values resources in country. Human activities in coastal area and around can influence in their water quality and ecosystem biodiversity. The aim of this report is to give an assessment for the water status of Ionian waters from the values of analyses carried out in water samples that are applied during the first phase of implementation of project monitoring program.

Photo. Urban settlements along coastline in Palasa –Himara

27

The results that are presented in the section 5 are assessed to classify the waters of Ionian Sea according to the WFD and trophic status indexes that are presented in the tables below but not finally because of the lack of the data.

Table 13 Threshold values according to the determination of trophic-status Parameters

Unit of measurement

Transparency

m

Total phosphorus

µg P/l

Threshold values according to the determination of trophic-status Oligotrophic 5-10 (max 1520) 4-10

Mesotrophic

Eutrophic

1-2 (max.5-10)

<1 (max 2-3)

10-35

35-100

The values of this table will be used for the assessment of the water status at all stations delineated to take water samples.

Table 14. Natural water quality that support fish growing (EC Decision: 78/659, dt.

18.07.1978; BMZ, 1995) Parameter

Temperature (ºC)

pH Total suspended solid (TDS, mg/l) Orthophosphate (PO4 mg/l) Nitrite (mg/l NO2)

Salmonide water Cyprinid waters Mandatory Recommended Mandatory Recommended level level level level 1. temperature measured at the edge of a mixture of thermal flow temperature should not be increased by 1.5ºC 3ºC 2. Thermal discharges must not cause an increase in temperature of the mixture over the limit: 21.5ºC 28ºC 6-9 6-9 < 50 < 25 < 50 < 25 0.2

0.4 < 0.01

< 0.03

The classification of water stations made by using the Carlson Trophic State Index as prescribed below:

28

Table 15. The water classification standard by using the Carlson Trophic State Index Trophic Class Oligotrophic Mesotrophic Eutrophic Hypereutrophic

Chlorophyll a content (mg/l) 0—2.6 2.6—20 20—56 56—155+

Phosphorous content (mg/l).

0—12 12—24 24—96 96—384+

Secchi disc (m) >8—4 4—2 2—0.5 0.5—<0.25

Trophy Index <30—40 40—50 50—70 70—100+

a. TSI for Chlorophyll-a (CA)

TSI = 9.81In Chlorophyll-a( ug/L)+30.6

b. TSI for Secchi depth (SD)

TSI = 60-14.41In Secchi depth( Meters)

c. TSI for Total phosphorus ( TP)

TSI = 14.42 In Total phosphorous ( ug/l) + 4.15

where TSI is Carlson Trophic State Index and In is Natural logarithm Carlson’s TSI = [TSI (TP) +TSI (CA) +TSI (SD)] / 3 where TP and Chlorophyll-a in micrograms/l and SD transparency in meters.

After the calculation of each index during the second campaign the table below will show the final results: Table 16 Trophy index calculation Stations Vlora Bay 1 Vlora Bay 500 Vlora Bay 1000 Orikumi Bay 1 Orikumi Bay 500 Orikumi Bay 1000 Dhermiu Bay 1 Dhermiu Bay 500 Dhermiu Bay 1000 Himara Bay 1 Himara Bay 500 Himara Bay 100 Qeparo Bay 1 Qeparo Bay 500 Qeparo Bay 1000 Lukova 1 Lukova 500 Lukova 1000 Kakome 1 Kakome 500 Kakome 1000

TSI CA.

TSI SD

45.315 41.391 42.372 42.372 43.353 44.334 42.372 40.41 39.429 44.334 44.1378 41.391 49.239 43.353 39.429 46.296 41.391 41.391 46.296 42.372 42.372

TSI TP

45.59 9.565 9.565 45.59 16.77 2.36 45.59 -40.87 -26.46 45.59 -112.92 -112.92 45.59 -26.46 -69.69 45.59 -48.075 -69.69 45.59 -40.87 -26.46

TSI

4.71238 4.15 4.81332 4.52492 4.15 4.66912 4.71238 4.15 4.66912 4.81332 4.15 4.61144 4.75564 4.15 4.71238 4.52492 4.15 4.56818 4.75564 4.15 4.66912

Trophy index

31.9 18.4 18.9 30.8 21.4 17.1 30.9 1.2 5.9 31.6 -21.5 -22.3 33.2 7.0 -8.5 32.1 -0.8 -7.9 32.2 1.9 6.9

Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic

29

51.201 43.353 39.429 55.125 46.296 46.296

Saranda Bay 1 Saranda Bay 500 Saranda Bay 1000 Stillo Cape 1 Stillo Cape 500 Stillo Cape 1000

45.59 -12.05 -12.05 45.59 -12.05 -12.05

4.48166 4.15 4.48166 4.56818 4.15 4.66912

33.8 11.8 10.6 35.1 12.8 13.0

Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic Oligotrophic

Table 17 Stations and transparency on 1st phase No

Stations

1 2 3

Vlora Bay 1 Vlora Bay 2 Orikumi Bay 1

Transparency (m) 1 5 1

4 5 6 7 8 9

Orikumi Bay 2 Dhermiu Bay 1 Dhermiu Bay 2 Himara Bay 1 Himara Bay 2 Qeparo Bay 1

5 1 7 1 6 1

No

Stations

10 11 12

Qeparo Bay 2 Lukova 1 Lukova 2

Transparency (m) 6 1 8

13 14 15 16 17 18

Kakome 1 Kakome 2 Saranda Bay 1 Saranda Bay 2 Stillo Cape 1 Stillo Cape 2

1 8 1 4.5 1 8

Transparency

m

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Transparency values Linear (Transparency values)

Sampling points

Graph. 12 Transparency and its trend The highest concentration of chlorophyll-a is in surface because of the sun is stronger fall perpendicularly and more easily absorbed. With depth increasing it decreases absorbing ability which consequently decreases the concentration of chlorophyll-a.

We can conclude until now that points with the highest level of chlorophyll â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a were observed in points of 30

1- Vlora 1 - g/l, Vlora 2 - 0.44 g/l, 2- Qeparo 1 and 2 by 0.43 g/l.

3- Other points are the level of chlorophyll from 0.1-021 g/l

Photo Saranda bay Referring to the level of chlorophyll publications in transitional waters, coastal and marine at the following website: http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/chlorophyll-intransitional-coastal-and-2/assessment, we can see that the concentration of chlorophyll – a in the seawater can be classified monitored low and medium. Point’s lower concentrations of chlorophyll are Lukova 1 and 2 and Kakome 1 of 2. In the above graph are surrounded by the green colour. The rest included the average concentration of chlorophyll-a.

Points where the average chlorophyll concentrations observed are settlements like the city of Vlora, Orikum of Himare, Dhërmi village of Qeparo. Discharges from these settlements are entitled to rights of wastewater in the city of Vlora and internal waters, which emit large quantities of nutrients.

31

Transparency 14 12 10 8 6 Deepth (m)

Trasparency

4 2 0

Graph.13 Transparency content measured at 3 points for each station during the 2nd phase

Photo Table 18 Values of transparency measured at 3 points for each station during the 2nd phase Stations

Data

Vlora Bay 1 Vlora Bay 500

13.06.2016 13.06.2016

First Depth(m)

Second Depth(m)

1 4

Third Depth(m)

Temp.oC 25.7 22.84

Transparency 1 3.5

32

Vlora Bay 1000 Orikumi Bay 1 Orikumi Bay 500 Orikumi Bay 1000 Dhermiu Bay 1 Dhermiu Bay 500 Dhermiu Bay 1000 Himara Bay 1 Himara Bay 500 Himara Bay 100 Qeparo Bay 1 Qeparo Bay 500 Qeparo Bay 1000 Lukova 1 Lukova 500 Lukova 1000

13.06.2016

Kakome 1 Kakome 500 Kakome 1000 Saranda Bay 1 Saranda Bay 500 Saranda Bay 1000 Stillo Cape 1 Stillo Cape 500

21.06.2016

Stillo Cape 1000

22.06.2016

14.06.2016

3 1 3

14.06.2016

4

14.06.2016 15.06.2016

1 7

15.06.2016

7

15.06.2016 16.06.2016

1 12

16.06.2016

12

16.06.2016 17.06.2016

1 7.5

17.06.2016

9

17.06.2016 20.06.2016

1 9

20.06.2016

9

20.06.2016

1 7

21.06.2016

7

21.06.2016 22.06.2016

1 5

22.06.2016

5

22.06.2016 22.06.2016 22.06.2016

1 5 5

22.52 23.69 22.6 22.45 22.51 22.51 22.79

3.5 1 3 4 1 7

22.5 23.5 23.3 23.5 23.5 23.02 23.56 23.5 23.5

6 1 12 12 1 6 9 1 7.5 9

23.13 23.11 23.11 23.2 23.35 23.43 24.6 24.2

1 7 6 1 5 5 1 5

24.2

5

The highest concentration of chlorophyll-a is in surface because of the sun is stronger fall perpendicularly and more easily absorbed. With depth increasing it decreases absorbing ability which consequently decreases the concentration of chlorophyll-a.

We can conclude until now that points with the highest level of chlorophyll – a were observed in points of 12345-

Kakome 1by 1.6 g/l Qeparo 1 by 1.9 g/l.

Saranda1 by 2.1 g/l Cape of Stillo by 2.5 g/l Other points are the level of chlorophyll from 0.9-1.5 g/l

Referring to the level of chlorophyll publications in transitional waters, coastal and marine at the following website: http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/chlorophyll-intransitional-coastal-and-2/assessment, we can see that the concentration of chlorophyll – a in the seawater can be classified monitored low and medium. Point’s lower concentrations of chlorophyll are generally 1km far from the coastal line in all measured points where the value

33

0.9 shows the minimum value for all points. The rest included the average concentration of chlorophyll-a. We must note that in the second phase there has been a 500 m measurement, in comparison with the first phase where there have been only two measurements (1m and 1000 m).

Points where the average chlorophyll concentrations observed are settlements like the city of Vlora, Orikum of Himare, DhĂŤrmi village of Qeparo. Discharges from these settlements are entitled to rights of wastewater in the city of Vlora and internal waters, which emit large quantities of nutrients.

34

6. CONCLUSIONS  Based on both periods of measurement and especially in the second phase measurements, is clear that chlorophyll content is increased.  The chlorophyll a increasing caused by the higher water temperature.  Secondly the chlorophyll-a content depended from the station location. Near the coastal line the chlorophyll a content is higher in comparison with the station in the open sea because of the human and industrial activities discharged in the sea.  In the table no. 16 are shown all the values for all the TSI indexes, explained above, in the methodology, explaining also the trophic indexes for each station.

In all the measurement points along the Ionian coastline the trophic indexes tell us about an oligotrophic situation.  The Chlorophyll-a content decreases toward the depth.

35

7. RECOMMENDATIONS This project has been a good collaboration between all experts for the collaboration between institutions involved in this process. This experience should be continued as a monitoring activity plan where the NEA should be leader and coordinator for all activities such establishing the monitoring program of seawater quality, especially for transboundary waters and they should make a good plan for human and tools resources (Instrumental infrastructure), ensuring the communication between partners on both sides of Ionian Sea and also different collaboration with governmental organization in national and international level.

Making a good monitoring program means making selection of the stations, parameters, frequency, methods of sampling and analyzing, making assessment of received results and at the end making a good report for management of the seawater. All this process should be part of NEA objectives and work.

The implementation of the new monitoring program where the Water Satellite Observation needs to identify the human capacities and to coordinate the work between different monitoring programs and organizations that are or not responsible for implementation of the environment monitoring issues (physic-chemical, biological, microbiological and other important parameters as are prescribed in WFD requirements). So, a combined database, provided by different institutions can help for a good monitoring system for the sea waters.

The validation and calibration of the remote sensing data should be done through harmonized data provided by the first and second campaign undertaken in Ionian Sea. The satellite image it will be better in cell with the size 1:50/1:30 in order to profit the best resolution. Based on the cell size depended the distance between two points for sampling (density).

36

Table 20 Summarised data of 1st phase

37

N o

Stations

Data

X_Pulc ovo

Y_Pulc ovo

Fir st De pt h( m)

1

12

Lukova 2

13

Kakome 1

14

Kakome 2

15

Saranda Bay 1

17.03.201 6 17.03.201 6 18.03.201 6 18.03.201 6 19.03.201 6 19.03.201 6 20.03.201 6 20.03.201 6 24.03.201 6 24.03.201 6 25.03.201 6 25.03.201 6 26.03.201 6 26.03.201 6 27.03.201 6

437226 5 437126 5 436909 7 436809 7 438363 0 438263 0 439277 4 439177 4 439900 8 439800 8 440709 2 440609 2 440925 0 440825 0 441473 5

447970 7 447973 7 446731 4 446784 6 444640 9 444591 5 444148 2 444093 8 443590 5 443522 1 442730 7 442703 8 442200 5 442285 7 441575 3

1

11

Vlora Bay 1 Vlora Bay 2 Orikumi Bay 1 Orikumi Bay 2 Dhermiu Bay 1 Dhermiu Bay 2 Himara Bay 1 Himara Bay 2 Qeparo Bay 1 Qeparo Bay 2 Lukova 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Se c.

De pt h( m)

5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1

Thi rd Dep th( m)

Tem p.oC

Ph in First Depth

Ph in Sec. Dept h

16.6

7.85

8.01

15.4

7.92

8.02

14.9

7.83

8.03

14.3

7.85

8.21

15.6

7.69

8.11

15.6

7.55

7.98

16.3

7.67

8.32

16.1

7.96

8.54

16

7.85

8.39

15.5

8.12

8.54

15.9

7.68

8.20

15.7

7.95

8.54

16.1

7.19

7.65

15.6

7.54

8.01

16.2

Co nd uct ivit ym S/c m

51.

1

7.94 + 0.024

TD S in Firs t Dep th

> 150

TD S in Se c.

De pt h

> 15

S al ._ g/ l

Tran spar ency

P-PO4 mg/l

Tot al Azo te_ mg/ l

Chlo roph yl -a_b y Hydr olab _Sur face

3 5 3 9 3 9 3 9 4 0 4 0 3 9 3 9 4 0 4 0 3 9 4 0 4 0 4 0 3 9

1

0.037

1.13

5

0.049

1

0

5

0.035

1

0.038

7

0.035

1

0.046

6

0.031

1

0.041

6

0.038

1

0.029

8

0.030

1

0.045

8

0.037

1

0.029 + 0.01

0.0 92 0.0 85 0.0 70 0.0 65 0.0 72 0.0 77 0.0 91 0.0 61 0.0 71 0.0 73 0.1 65 0.1 10 0.0 50 0.0 84 0.03 8+

Chlo roph yl -a_b y Lab. Surf ace First Stati on_ mg/l

0.44 0.19 0.21 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.43 0.43 0.1 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.16

0.001 1

Chlo roph yl -a_b y Lab. Surf.

Seco nd Stati on_ mg/l

Chlor ophyl -a_by Lab. Depth _Seco nd Statio n_mg /l

16

Saranda Bay 2

27.03.201 6

441373 5

441483 1

17

Stillo Cape 1

27.03.201 6

441310 1

439857 3

18

Stillo Cape 2

27.03.201 6

441210 1

439854 5

5

1

1

5

1

15.9

54.

1

15.7

55.

7

15.6

50.

2

8.08 + 0.02 4 8.17 + 0.024 8.10 + 0.02 4

0

00

> 150 0

> 15 00

3 9

4.5

0.031+ 0.01

> 150 0

> 15 00

4 0

1

0.035 + 0.01

> 150 0

> 15 00

4 0

8

0.037 + 0.01

0.02 1 0.04 0+ 0.02 1 0.04 2+ 0.02 1 0.04 5+ 0.02 1

0.17

0.13

0.14

0.007 7

0.001 02

0.004 8

0.001 3

0.004 1

Table 21 Summarised data of 2nd phase No

Stations

Data

X_Pul covo

Y_Pul covo

First Dep. (m)

1

1

Vlora Bay 1

13.06.2016

4372265

4479707

2

Vlora Bay 500

13.06.2016

4371265

4479737

3

Vlora Bay 1000

13.06.2016

4371265

4479737

4

Orikumi Bay 1

14.06.2016

4369097

4467314

5

14.06.2016

4368097

4467846

6

Orikumi Bay 500 Orikumi Bay 1000

14.06.2016

4368097

4467846

7

Dhermiu Bay 1

15.06.2016

4383630

4446409

8

15.06.2016

4382630

4445915

9

Dhermiu Bay 500 Dhermiu Bay 1000

15.06.2016

4382630

4445915

10

Himara Bay 1

16.06.2016

4392774

4441482

11

Himara Bay 500

16.06.2016

4391774

4440938

12

Himara Bay 100

16.06.2016

4391774

4440938

13

Qeparo Bay 1

17.06.2016

4399008

4435905

14

Qeparo Bay 500

17.06.2016

4398008

4435221

15

Qeparo Bay 1000

17.06.2016

4398008

4435221

16

Lukova 1

20.06.2016

4407092

4427307

17

Lukova 500

20.06.2016

4406092

4427038

18

Lukova 1000

20.06.2016

4406092

4427038

19

Kakome 1

21.06.2016

4409250

4422005

20

Kakome 500

21.06.2016

4408250

4422857

21

Kakome 1000

21.06.2016

4408250

4422857

Sec. Dep. (m)

Third Dep. (m)

4 3 1 3 4 1 7 7

Temp .oC

Condu ctivity mS/cm

Ph in First Depth

25.7

24.64

8.09

22.84

25.91

22.52

26.11

23.69

25.41

22.6

25.9

22.45

26.81

22.51

26.67

22.5

1 12 12 1 7.5 9 1 9 9 1 7 7

26.25 26.25

23.3

26.25

23.5

26.67

23.5

26.67

23.02

26.6

23.56

26.88

23.5

26.67

23.5

26.67

23.13

26.74

23.11

26.74

23.11

26.74

TDS in First Depth

8.14

TDS in Sec. Dept h

TDS in Third Depth

55.86 8.14

8.21

55.86 54.9

8.23

55.6 8.19

8.28

56.3 57.4

8.22

26.67

23.5

Ph in Thir d Dep.

53.3

26.11

22.51

22.79

Ph in Sec. Depth

57.4 8.22

8.19

57.4 56.7

8.19 24.5

56.7 57.3

8.23

57.3 8.19

8.23

57.1 57.5

8.23

57.3 8.23

8.24

57.3 57.04

8.24

57.04 8.24

Tran s Par ency

35

1

37

57.04

PPO 4_ mg/ l

0.04

NTot al mg/ l

0.09

Chlo roph yla_by Hydr olab_ Surfa ce 1.5

O2 %

96.2

3.5

1.1

102

37

3.5

0.05

0.09

1.2

102

36

1

0.03

0.07

1.2

102

37

3

1.3

102

1.4

103

1.2

101

1

103

0.9

103

1.4

101

1.38

101

37

4

0.04

0.07

38

1

0.04

0.08

38

7

38 38

56.7 8.19

Sali nity (g/l)

6

0.04

0.08

1

0.05

0.1

38

12

38

12

0.03

0.07

1.1

102

38

1

0.04

0.07

1.9

102

38

6

1.3

104

38

9

0.04

0.08

0.9

102

38

1

0.03

0.17

1.6

102

38

7.5

1.1

104

38

9

0.12

1.1

104

0.05

1.6

102

1.2

104

1.2

104

38

1

38

7

38

6

0.03 0.04 0.04

0.09

22

Saranda Bay 1

22.06.2016

4414735

4415753

23

22.06.2016

4413735

4414831

24

Saranda Bay 500 Saranda Bay 1000

22.06.2016

4413735

4414831

25

Stillo Cape 1

22.06.2016

4413101

4398573

26

Stillo Cape 500

22.06.2016

4412101

4398545

27

Stillo Cape 1000

22.06.2016

4412101

4398545

1 5 5 1 5 5

23.2

24.5

23.35

24.5

23.43

8.21

52.9 8.21

24.5

24.6

26.81

24.2

26.18

24.2

26.18

52.9 8.21

8.27

52.9 56.3

8.27

56.3 8.27

56.3

35

1

35

5

35

0.02

0.12

5

0.02

0.12

38

1

0.03

0.17

37

5

37

5

0.04

2.1

98.5

1.3

103

0.9

103

2.5

92.5

1.6

97.2

1.6

97.2