Art Ecology

PED D ER BUILDING 12 Pedder Street, Central, Hong Kong

Ho Cheuk Yiu Hardy Lin Lap Anthony Louise Michaud-Boudreault So Yeuk Yan Sebastian Wun Michelle Hiu Shuen

P E DDE R B UIL DI NG 12 Pedder Street, Central, Hong Kong

produced as part of

CULTURE-LED URBAN DEVELOPMENTS: THE CASES OF WEST KOWLOON AND WEST BUND SPRING SEMESTER 2016 Assistant Professor Dr. Ying Zhou

Ho Cheuk Yiu Hardy Lin Lap Anthony Louise Michaud-Boudreault So Yeuk Yan Sebastian Wun Michelle Hiu Shuen

P E DDE R B UIL DI NG 12 Pedder Street, Central, Hong Kong

produced as part of

CULTURE-LED URBAN DEVELOPMENTS: THE CASES OF WEST KOWLOON AND WEST BUND SPRING SEMESTER 2016 Assistant Professor Dr. Ying Zhou

Ho Cheuk Yiu Hardy Lin Lap Anthony Louise Michaud-Boudreault So Yeuk Yan Sebastian Wun Michelle Hiu Shuen

Contents Introduction Case Study - Pedder Building Basic Statistics Timeline - Development, Ownership

Urban Context A Prestigious Art District in the City The Pedder Building as an urban hinge Typical Floor Plan

Physical Construct The Only Historic Commercial Building in Central Conservation & Refurbushment Analysis Sectional Analysis

Gallery Directory Origins of Galleries - Global Atla of Art Gagosian Gallery Pearl Lam Gallery Hanart TZ Gallery Lehmann Maupin Simon Lee Ben Brown Fine Arts Massimo de Carlo

GLOBAL/ LOCAL Art Events Global Art Events Relationship Art Storage Local Art Venues Art Venues and Districts Economic Factors Study of Island South Cultural District - Wong Chuk Hang

Contents Introduction Case Study - Pedder Building Basic Statistics Timeline - Development, Ownership

Urban Context A Prestigious Art District in the City The Pedder Building as an urban hinge Typical Floor Plan

Physical Construct The Only Historic Commercial Building in Central Conservation & Refurbushment Analysis Sectional Analysis

Gallery Directory Origins of Galleries - Global Atla of Art Gagosian Gallery Pearl Lam Gallery Hanart TZ Gallery Lehmann Maupin Simon Lee Ben Brown Fine Arts Massimo de Carlo

GLOBAL/ LOCAL Art Events Global Art Events Relationship Art Storage Local Art Venues Art Venues and Districts Economic Factors Study of Island South Cultural District - Wong Chuk Hang

CASE STUDY

CASE STUDY

FRANK GEHRY: Fish Lamps, Gagosian Hong Kong Jan-Feb 2012

FRANK GEHRY: Fish Lamps, Gagosian Hong Kong Jan-Feb 2012

tHE PEDDER BUILDING Pedder Building is located in Central of Hong Kong where the Central Business District is characterized with art galleries and high art consumption. As the former headquarters of Jebsen & Company (German import-export company), this Grade II Historic Building listed in 1981 by the Hong Kong Antiquities and Monuments Office once accommodated Shanghai Tang and China Tee Club. The current state of this Neo-classical architecture becomes a cluster of international renowned art galleries including Gagosian Gallery, Pearl Lam Gallery, Lehmann Maupin, Hanart TZ Gallery, Ben Brown Fine Arts, Simon Lee and a number of fashion stores, cellar and clinics. This significant group of gallery occupants actively engage in both local and international exhibitions and auctions, including ART BASEL Hong Kong, and represents the high end art consumption culture of the city.

BASIC STATISTICS DATE OF LAUNCH: 1923 PROPERTY PRICE: HKD 3.2 billion PROPERTY OWNER: Tai Kee Leong Co. Ltd (Henry Fok Estates) DEVELOPER ORIGIN: Hong Kong SITE AREA: 70sqm TOTAL BUILT AREA: 600sqm PLOT RATIO: 8.5 BUILDING HEIGHT: 35m ARCHITECT: Palmer & Turner Architects LOCATION: 12 Pedder Street, Central, Hong Kong PROGRAM: Shops, clinics, contemporary art galleries, offices USE: Commercial building, 8-storey ARCHITECTURE: Neoclassical, Grade II historical status

tHE PEDDER BUILDING Pedder Building is located in Central of Hong Kong where the Central Business District is characterized with art galleries and high art consumption. As the former headquarters of Jebsen & Company (German import-export company), this Grade II Historic Building listed in 1981 by the Hong Kong Antiquities and Monuments Office once accommodated Shanghai Tang and China Tee Club. The current state of this Neo-classical architecture becomes a cluster of international renowned art galleries including Gagosian Gallery, Pearl Lam Gallery, Lehmann Maupin, Hanart TZ Gallery, Ben Brown Fine Arts, Simon Lee and a number of fashion stores, cellar and clinics. This significant group of gallery occupants actively engage in both local and international exhibitions and auctions, including ART BASEL Hong Kong, and represents the high end art consumption culture of the city.

BASIC STATISTICS DATE OF LAUNCH: 1923 PROPERTY PRICE: HKD 3.2 billion PROPERTY OWNER: Tai Kee Leong Co. Ltd (Henry Fok Estates) DEVELOPER ORIGIN: Hong Kong SITE AREA: 70sqm TOTAL BUILT AREA: 600sqm PLOT RATIO: 8.5 BUILDING HEIGHT: 35m ARCHITECT: Palmer & Turner Architects LOCATION: 12 Pedder Street, Central, Hong Kong PROGRAM: Shops, clinics, contemporary art galleries, offices USE: Commercial building, 8-storey ARCHITECTURE: Neoclassical, Grade II historical status

PEDDING BUILDING

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEDDER BUILDING The following timeline shows the development trajectory of Pedder Building. The change of ownership, occupants and gallery tenants is shown with regard to the socio-ecnomic development and growth of the local art industry.

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– 13 –

PEDDING BUILDING

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEDDER BUILDING The following timeline shows the development trajectory of Pedder Building. The change of ownership, occupants and gallery tenants is shown with regard to the socio-ecnomic development and growth of the local art industry.

– 12 –

– 13 –

PEDDING BUILDING

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEDDER BUILDING The following timeline shows the development of Pedder Building in regard to the blooming local art scene since 2008 when world renowned galleries started aggloemerating in Central forming an art & culture cluster in town.

– 14 –

– 15 –

PEDDING BUILDING

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEDDER BUILDING The following timeline shows the development of Pedder Building in regard to the blooming local art scene since 2008 when world renowned galleries started aggloemerating in Central forming an art & culture cluster in town.

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– 15 –

PEDDING BUILDING

ownership

– 16 –

– 17 –

PEDDING BUILDING

ownership

– 16 –

– 17 –

PEDDING BUILDING

URBAN CONTEXT

– 18 –

– 19 –

PEDDING BUILDING

URBAN CONTEXT

– 18 –

– 19 –

the prestigious address - CENTRAL, HONG KONG

– 20 –

the prestigious address - CENTRAL, HONG KONG

– 20 –

PEDDING BUILDING

A prestigious art district IN THE CITY

– 22 –

– 23 –

PEDDING BUILDING

A prestigious art district IN THE CITY

– 22 –

– 23 –

PEDDING BUILDING

THE PEDDER BUILDING AS AN URBAN HINGE

– 24 –

– 25 –

PEDDING BUILDING

THE PEDDER BUILDING AS AN URBAN HINGE

– 24 –

– 25 –

TAK SHING HOUSE

PEDDING BUILDING

m

50

D2

WHEELOCK HOUSE

ER

CONSTRAINTINF

D1

typical floor plan AON CHINA BUILDING – 26 –

m

14

0 1

5m – 27 –

TAK SHING HOUSE

PEDDING BUILDING

m

50

D2

WHEELOCK HOUSE

ER

CONSTRAINTINF

D1

typical floor plan AON CHINA BUILDING – 26 –

m

14

0 1

5m – 27 –

PEDDING BUILDING

PHYSICAL CONSTRUCT

– 28 –

– 29 –

PEDDING BUILDING

PHYSICAL CONSTRUCT

– 28 –

– 29 –

PEDDING BUILDING

THE ONLY histroic COMMERCIAL BUILDING in central

Intermediate moulding above the 3 main Intermediate moulding above the 3 main entrance which to be lined entrance arches, arches, which used to used be lined with a with a row of gargoyle masks flanked on the two ends row of gargoyle masks flanked on the two ends by two giant figures. bronze figures.

However, by two giant bronze However, in 1990,in 1990, the gargoyles cameand loose and were removed. the gargoyles came loose were removed.

Above main entrance: Above main entrance: In relief In relief portico portico

1

1

3

3

2

2

4

4

Encircled by a balcony Encircled by a balcony surmounted surmounted by two by two neutral levels neutral levels

1

2

1

arcade Arched Arched arcade at front at front entrance entrance

2

Stone cladding Stone cladding at base at base 0

– 30 –

1

0

1

5m

Features Features Front arches arcade arches 1. Front1.arcade Stone lion sculptures Feng Shui ornament 2. Stone2.lion sculptures as Fengas Shui ornament 3. Wooden ceiling relief decoration 3. Wooden ceiling relief decoration 4. Plastered ceiling relief decoration 4. Plastered ceiling relief decoration

5m

– 31 –

PEDDING BUILDING

THE ONLY histroic COMMERCIAL BUILDING in central

Intermediate moulding above the 3 main Intermediate moulding above the 3 main entrance which to be lined entrance arches, arches, which used to used be lined with a with a row of gargoyle masks flanked on the two ends row of gargoyle masks flanked on the two ends by two giant figures. bronze figures.

However, by two giant bronze However, in 1990,in 1990, the gargoyles cameand loose and were removed. the gargoyles came loose were removed.

Above main entrance: Above main entrance: In relief In relief portico portico

1

1

3

3

2

2

4

4

Encircled by a balcony Encircled by a balcony surmounted surmounted by two by two neutral levels neutral levels

1

2

1

arcade Arched Arched arcade at front at front entrance entrance

2

Stone cladding Stone cladding at base at base 0

– 30 –

1

0

1

5m

Features Features Front arches arcade arches 1. Front1.arcade Stone lion sculptures Feng Shui ornament 2. Stone2.lion sculptures as Fengas Shui ornament 3. Wooden ceiling relief decoration 3. Wooden ceiling relief decoration 4. Plastered ceiling relief decoration 4. Plastered ceiling relief decoration

5m

– 31 –

PEDDING BUILDING

CONSERVATION & REFURBISHMENT ANALYSIS 1920 1920

5

5

5

1930 1930

1940 1940

1950 1950

1960 1960

1970 1970

1923 1923 Designed by by Designed Palmer & Turner Palmer & Turner Architects in in Architects Beaux-Arts stylestyle Beaux-Arts

1980 1980

1990 1990

1981 1981 Listed as ‘Grade II II Listed as ‘Grade Historic Building’ by by Historic Building’ the the Antiquities andand Antiquities Monuments Office Monuments Office

2000 2000

1996 1996 Refurbished acc.acc.

Refurbished to the Building to the Building Ordinance, FireFire Ordinance, Safety Ordinance, Safety Ordinance, andand Barrier Free Barrier Free requirements requirements

2010 2010

2001 - Present 2001 - Present Abercrombie & & Abercrombie Fitch flagship take Fitch flagship take over 3 floors & & over 3 floors basement basement

泰記隆 泰記隆

1996 1996

1 1

NewNew Staircase Staircase Located at the Located at the existing lightwell. existing lightwell.

Basement Basement Sprinkler Tank Sprinkler Tank PilePile driver waswas driver dismantled andand dismantled re-assembled in in re-assembled the the building. building.

Documentation Documentation

Disabled Toilets Disabled Toilets

Lengthy sitesite Lengthy investigations by by investigations the the Architect.

Architect.

Rearrangement of of Rearrangement the the drainage, drainage, ventilation andand ventilation electrical systems. electrical systems.

Facade Refurbishment Facade Refurbishment & Retained Corridors & Retained Corridors Painted withwith minor changes.

Painted minor changes.

Steel balustrades, window Steel balustrades, window frames, andand timber floorings frames, timber floorings were refurbished. were refurbished.

2 2

3 3

3

4 4

4

4 4

5 5

Images Images

2

22

1

11

0 10 1

5m 5m

3 3 – 32 –

1. Original facade black steel balustrade 1. Original facade black steel balustrade 2. Existing oldold balustrade notnot yetyet repainted 2. Existing balustrade repainted 3. New interior corridor incorporating refurbished timber flooring 3. New interior corridor incorporating refurbished timber flooring 4. New steel staircase at at original lightwell complying with new bldg. standards 4. New steel staircase original lightwell complying with new bldg. standards 5. Discarded interior design scheme forfor The Armoury shop: mezzanine was notnot allowed because of of firefire safety 5. Discarded interior design scheme The Armoury shop: mezzanine was allowed because safety regulations, thethe talltall headroom was used forfor shelves only regulations, headroom was used shelves only – 33 –

PEDDING BUILDING

CONSERVATION & REFURBISHMENT ANALYSIS 1920 1920

5

5

5

1930 1930

1940 1940

1950 1950

1960 1960

1970 1970

1923 1923 Designed by by Designed Palmer & Turner Palmer & Turner Architects in in Architects Beaux-Arts stylestyle Beaux-Arts

1980 1980

1990 1990

1981 1981 Listed as ‘Grade II II Listed as ‘Grade Historic Building’ by by Historic Building’ the the Antiquities andand Antiquities Monuments Office Monuments Office

2000 2000

1996 1996 Refurbished acc.acc.

Refurbished to the Building to the Building Ordinance, FireFire Ordinance, Safety Ordinance, Safety Ordinance, andand Barrier Free Barrier Free requirements requirements

2010 2010

2001 - Present 2001 - Present Abercrombie & & Abercrombie Fitch flagship take Fitch flagship take over 3 floors & & over 3 floors basement basement

泰記隆 泰記隆

1996 1996

1 1

NewNew Staircase Staircase Located at the Located at the existing lightwell. existing lightwell.

Basement Basement Sprinkler Tank Sprinkler Tank PilePile driver waswas driver dismantled andand dismantled re-assembled in in re-assembled the the building. building.

Documentation Documentation

Disabled Toilets Disabled Toilets

Lengthy sitesite Lengthy investigations by by investigations the the Architect.

Architect.

Rearrangement of of Rearrangement the the drainage, drainage, ventilation andand ventilation electrical systems. electrical systems.

Facade Refurbishment Facade Refurbishment & Retained Corridors & Retained Corridors Painted withwith minor changes.

Painted minor changes.

Steel balustrades, window Steel balustrades, window frames, andand timber floorings frames, timber floorings were refurbished. were refurbished.

2 2

3 3

3

4 4

4

4 4

5 5

Images Images

2

22

1

11

0 10 1

5m 5m

3 3 – 32 –

1. Original facade black steel balustrade 1. Original facade black steel balustrade 2. Existing oldold balustrade notnot yetyet repainted 2. Existing balustrade repainted 3. New interior corridor incorporating refurbished timber flooring 3. New interior corridor incorporating refurbished timber flooring 4. New steel staircase at at original lightwell complying with new bldg. standards 4. New steel staircase original lightwell complying with new bldg. standards 5. Discarded interior design scheme forfor The Armoury shop: mezzanine was notnot allowed because of of firefire safety 5. Discarded interior design scheme The Armoury shop: mezzanine was allowed because safety regulations, thethe talltall headroom was used forfor shelves only regulations, headroom was used shelves only – 33 –

PEDDING BUILDING

SECTIONAL ANALYSIS

Floor Area of galleries

– 34 –

Gagosian

Pearl Lam

Simon Lee

Lehman Maupin

Hanart TZ

Ben Brown

MDC

662m2

571m2

135m2

172m2

394m2

135m2

129m2

– 35 –

PEDDING BUILDING

SECTIONAL ANALYSIS

Floor Area of galleries

– 34 –

Gagosian

Pearl Lam

Simon Lee

Lehman Maupin

Hanart TZ

Ben Brown

MDC

662m2

571m2

135m2

172m2

394m2

135m2

129m2

– 35 –

PEDDING BUILDING

GALLERY DIRECTORY

– 36 –

– 37 –

PEDDING BUILDING

GALLERY DIRECTORY

– 36 –

– 37 –

PEDDING BUILDING

origins of galleries - global atla of art

– 38 –

– 39 –

PEDDING BUILDING

origins of galleries - global atla of art

– 38 –

– 39 –

PEDDING BUILDING

BEN BROWN FINE ARTSGAGOSIAN GALLERY Exhibition

2015 Winter The Shape of Time

2015 Summer Rudolf Stingel

2015 Summer Balthus

2014 Summer Michael Craig-Martin

Gallery Timeline

1980 First permanent gallery Los Angeles, USA

2000 1999 The SoHo gallery moved to Chelsea, NY (USA) Architect: Richard Gluckman 2000 Oppening of 1st London gallery Picadilly, London (UK) Architect: Caruso St John

1985

1990

1985 Oppening of 2nd gallery New York (USA)

1995 Beverly Hills Gallery Los Angeles (USA) Architect: Richard Meier

1989 SoHo Gallery, New York (USA)

2005

2010

2004 Oppening of 2nd London gallery Britannia Street, London (UK) Architect: Caruso St John

2015

2012 Oppening of 2nd Paris location Le Bourget (France)

2006 Oppening of 3rd NY location Chelsea, NY (USA) Architect: Richard Gluckman

2007 Oppening of Rome Gallery Rome, (Italy) Architects: Firouz Galdo, Caruso St John 2007 Oppening of 4th NY location Madison Avenue, NY (USA) 2010 Oppening of Paris Gallery Paris (France) Architect: Jean Nouvel

– 40 –

1995

– 41 –

2011 Oppening of HK Gallery Pedder Building, HK Architects: Caruso St John

Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

M The Shape of Time 26 Nov - 9 Jan 2016

Giuseppe Penone 21 Jan - 12 Mar 2016

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

1980

PEDDING BUILDING

BEN BROWN FINE ARTSGAGOSIAN GALLERY Exhibition

2015 Winter The Shape of Time

2015 Summer Rudolf Stingel

2015 Summer Balthus

2014 Summer Michael Craig-Martin

Gallery Timeline

1980 First permanent gallery Los Angeles, USA

2000 1999 The SoHo gallery moved to Chelsea, NY (USA) Architect: Richard Gluckman 2000 Oppening of 1st London gallery Picadilly, London (UK) Architect: Caruso St John

1985

1990

1985 Oppening of 2nd gallery New York (USA)

1995 Beverly Hills Gallery Los Angeles (USA) Architect: Richard Meier

1989 SoHo Gallery, New York (USA)

2005

2010

2004 Oppening of 2nd London gallery Britannia Street, London (UK) Architect: Caruso St John

2015

2012 Oppening of 2nd Paris location Le Bourget (France)

2006 Oppening of 3rd NY location Chelsea, NY (USA) Architect: Richard Gluckman

2007 Oppening of Rome Gallery Rome, (Italy) Architects: Firouz Galdo, Caruso St John 2007 Oppening of 4th NY location Madison Avenue, NY (USA) 2010 Oppening of Paris Gallery Paris (France) Architect: Jean Nouvel

– 40 –

1995

– 41 –

2011 Oppening of HK Gallery Pedder Building, HK Architects: Caruso St John

Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

M The Shape of Time 26 Nov - 9 Jan 2016

Giuseppe Penone 21 Jan - 12 Mar 2016

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

1980

PEDDING BUILDING

PEARL LAM GALLERY Exhibition

2016 Spring Contemporary SANSUHWA

2015 Spring Perfection by Chance

2015 Summer NILS KARSTEN : CUTTING

2013 Summer The Reality of Paint

2000

2005

2010

2015

M Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

2013 Oppening of 4th gallery Gillman Barracks, Singapore

2006 Oppening of 2nd gallery Shanghai, China

2012 Oppening of 1st HK gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong

2005 First permanent gallery Shanghai, China

2015 Oppening of 2nd HK gallery Sheung Wan, Hong Kong

The Reality of Paint 22 May - 13 July 2013

Structures of recollection 22 Mar - 28 Apr 2016

China Clean : Enrico Marone 22 March - 14 April 2016

Perfection

by Chance 13 March - 10 May 2015

– 42 –

– 43 –

PEDDING BUILDING

PEARL LAM GALLERY Exhibition

2016 Spring Contemporary SANSUHWA

2015 Spring Perfection by Chance

2015 Summer NILS KARSTEN : CUTTING

2013 Summer The Reality of Paint

2000

2005

2010

2015

M Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

2013 Oppening of 4th gallery Gillman Barracks, Singapore

2006 Oppening of 2nd gallery Shanghai, China

2012 Oppening of 1st HK gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong

2005 First permanent gallery Shanghai, China

2015 Oppening of 2nd HK gallery Sheung Wan, Hong Kong

The Reality of Paint 22 May - 13 July 2013

Structures of recollection 22 Mar - 28 Apr 2016

China Clean : Enrico Marone 22 March - 14 April 2016

Perfection

by Chance 13 March - 10 May 2015

– 42 –

– 43 –

PEDDING BUILDING

HANART TZ GALLERY BEN BROWN FINE ARTS Exhibition

2015 Summer Encoded Islands & Icarus Shrugged

2014 Summer Mao Xuhui Solo Show

2015 Spring Xu Longseng

2013 Spring Liu Dahong Chrilhood

Gallery Timeline 1985

1990

1995

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

1980

1983 Foundation Pedder Building, Hong Kong Curator : Johnson Chang

M 2000

2005

2010

2015 Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016 Xu Longsen 6 Mar - 28 Mar 2015

Mao Xuhui Kung Fu in Africa 13 Jun - 12 July 2014 11 Mar - 16 Apr 2016

Chow Chun Fai I Have Nothing To Say 20 Aug - 12 Sep 2015

– 44 –

– 45 –

PEDDING BUILDING

HANART TZ GALLERY BEN BROWN FINE ARTS Exhibition

2015 Summer Encoded Islands & Icarus Shrugged

2014 Summer Mao Xuhui Solo Show

2015 Spring Xu Longseng

2013 Spring Liu Dahong Chrilhood

Gallery Timeline 1985

1990

1995

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

1980

1983 Foundation Pedder Building, Hong Kong Curator : Johnson Chang

M 2000

2005

2010

2015 Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016 Xu Longsen 6 Mar - 28 Mar 2015

Mao Xuhui Kung Fu in Africa 13 Jun - 12 July 2014 11 Mar - 16 Apr 2016

Chow Chun Fai I Have Nothing To Say 20 Aug - 12 Sep 2015

– 44 –

– 45 –

PEDDING BUILDING

LEHMANN MAUPIN Exhibition

2016 Spring Tony Oursler

2015 Summer Nocturnal Friendships

2015 Winter Adriana Varejão

2014 Summer Under the Skin

2000

2005

2010

2015

M 1996 2002 Foundation The Gallery moved SoHo, New York Chelsey, New York Partners : Rachel Lehmann and David Maupin

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

2015 The NY Gallery moved Chelsey, New York 2007 Oppening of 2nd gallery Lower East Side, NY

2013, March Oppening of 3rd gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong Architect: Rem Koolhaas (OMA) Inaugural Exhibition LeeBul 14 Mar - 11 May 2013

Tony Oursler 14 Jan - 5 Mar 2016

Tracey Emin Hernan Bas 5 May - 18 Jun 2016 13 May - 28 June 2014 Under the skin 10 Jul - 23 Aug 2014 Noctural Friendship Liu Wei and Bowen Li 9 Jul - 22 Aug 2015

– 46 –

– 47 –

PEDDING BUILDING

LEHMANN MAUPIN Exhibition

2016 Spring Tony Oursler

2015 Summer Nocturnal Friendships

2015 Winter Adriana Varejão

2014 Summer Under the Skin

2000

2005

2010

2015

M 1996 2002 Foundation The Gallery moved SoHo, New York Chelsey, New York Partners : Rachel Lehmann and David Maupin

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

2015 The NY Gallery moved Chelsey, New York 2007 Oppening of 2nd gallery Lower East Side, NY

2013, March Oppening of 3rd gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong Architect: Rem Koolhaas (OMA) Inaugural Exhibition LeeBul 14 Mar - 11 May 2013

Tony Oursler 14 Jan - 5 Mar 2016

Tracey Emin Hernan Bas 5 May - 18 Jun 2016 13 May - 28 June 2014 Under the skin 10 Jul - 23 Aug 2014 Noctural Friendship Liu Wei and Bowen Li 9 Jul - 22 Aug 2015

– 46 –

– 47 –

PEDDING BUILDING

SIMON LEE GALLERY Exhibition

2015 Summer Claudio Parmiggiani

2015 Spring Sherrie Levine

2015 Spring Michelangelo Pistoletto

2014 Winter Mai-Thu Perret - Slow Wave

2000

2005

2010

2015

M

Miami, USA Dec 2015

Basel, Switzerland 16-19 Jun 2016

London, UK Oct 2015 2012, May Oppening of 2nd gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong Paris Architect: Oct 2015

2002 Foundation Mayfair, London (UK)

Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

Sherrie Levine 15 May - 25 Jun 2012 Merlin Carpenter 12 Oct - 15 Nov 2014

Bernard Frize 24 Nov 2012 - 15 Jan 2013

Garth Weiser 19 Feb - 17 Mar 2016

Jeff Elrod 6 Feb - 7 Mar 2015

– 48 –

– 49 –

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

PEDDING BUILDING

SIMON LEE GALLERY Exhibition

2015 Summer Claudio Parmiggiani

2015 Spring Sherrie Levine

2015 Spring Michelangelo Pistoletto

2014 Winter Mai-Thu Perret - Slow Wave

2000

2005

2010

2015

M

Miami, USA Dec 2015

Basel, Switzerland 16-19 Jun 2016

London, UK Oct 2015 2012, May Oppening of 2nd gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong Paris Architect: Oct 2015

2002 Foundation Mayfair, London (UK)

Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

Sherrie Levine 15 May - 25 Jun 2012 Merlin Carpenter 12 Oct - 15 Nov 2014

Bernard Frize 24 Nov 2012 - 15 Jan 2013

Garth Weiser 19 Feb - 17 Mar 2016

Jeff Elrod 6 Feb - 7 Mar 2015

– 48 –

– 49 –

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

PEDDING BUILDING

BEN BROWN FINE ARTS Exhibitions

2015 Summer On Reflection by Ori Gersht

2014 Summer Miquel Barcelo Courant

2015 Spring The Inevitable by Simon Birch

2013 Spring Vik Muniz- Pictures of Mgazines

2000

2005

2010

2015

M 2008 Oppening of 2nd gallery Brook's Mews, Mayfair, London Architect: Alexander Mayban

Ap. 2016

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

Oct. 2015 2004 Foundation Cork Street, Mayfair London (UK)

2009 Oppening of 3rd gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong Architect: Andre Fu

Oct. 2015

Inaugural Exhibition 28 Nov. 2009 to 29 Jan. 2010

Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

Candida Höfer 22 March - 28 May 2016

Vik Muniz 21 Nov. 2012 - 21 Feb. 2013

Tseng Kwong Chi 20 Nov-10 Jan. 2015 Pablo Picasso 28 Nov. 2010 to 28 Jan. 2011

Simon Birch 12 Mar. - 9 May 2015

– 50 –

– 51 –

PEDDING BUILDING

BEN BROWN FINE ARTS Exhibitions

2015 Summer On Reflection by Ori Gersht

2014 Summer Miquel Barcelo Courant

2015 Spring The Inevitable by Simon Birch

2013 Spring Vik Muniz- Pictures of Mgazines

2000

2005

2010

2015

M 2008 Oppening of 2nd gallery Brook's Mews, Mayfair, London Architect: Alexander Mayban

Ap. 2016

Gallery directory

Gallery directory

Gallery Timeline

Oct. 2015 2004 Foundation Cork Street, Mayfair London (UK)

2009 Oppening of 3rd gallery Pedder Building, Hong Kong Architect: Andre Fu

Oct. 2015

Inaugural Exhibition 28 Nov. 2009 to 29 Jan. 2010

Art Basel HK week 24-26 Mar. 2016

Candida Höfer 22 March - 28 May 2016

Vik Muniz 21 Nov. 2012 - 21 Feb. 2013

Tseng Kwong Chi 20 Nov-10 Jan. 2015 Pablo Picasso 28 Nov. 2010 to 28 Jan. 2011

Simon Birch 12 Mar. - 9 May 2015

– 50 –

– 51 –

{ MDC }

PEDDING BUILDING

MASSIMO DE CARLO GALLERY

Exhibition

2015 Winter John Armeleder

Gallery Timeline

1990

2016 Winter Nate Lowman - Dowtown is a Construct

2015 Fall Gianfranco Baruchello New Works

1995

2000

2005

2016 Spring Yan Pei Ming - It Takes a lifetime to Become Young

2010

2015

M 2012 Oppening of 3rd gallery London, UK 30th anniversary of MDC Gallery 1987 Oppening of first gallery Milan, Italy

2009 21 March 2016 Oppening of 2nd gallery Oppening of 3rd gallery London, UK Pedder Building, Hong Kong Piotr Uklanski Sep - Nov 2004 Milan

Jason Dodge May - Jun 2008 Milan

Massimo Bartolini Sep - Dec 2011 Yan Pei-Ming Milan 21 Mar -22 May 2016

Andrea Zittel Jun - Jul 2013 Milan Elmgreen & Dragset Apr - May 2002 Milan

John Armleder Nov - Jan 2006 Milan

Josh Smith May - June 2010 Milan Rudoplf Stingel Sep - Nov 2014 Milan

– 52 –

– 53 –

{ MDC }

PEDDING BUILDING

MASSIMO DE CARLO GALLERY

Exhibition

2015 Winter John Armeleder

Gallery Timeline

1990

2016 Winter Nate Lowman - Dowtown is a Construct

2015 Fall Gianfranco Baruchello New Works

1995

2000

2005

2016 Spring Yan Pei Ming - It Takes a lifetime to Become Young

2010

2015

M 2012 Oppening of 3rd gallery London, UK 30th anniversary of MDC Gallery 1987 Oppening of first gallery Milan, Italy

2009 21 March 2016 Oppening of 2nd gallery Oppening of 3rd gallery London, UK Pedder Building, Hong Kong Piotr Uklanski Sep - Nov 2004 Milan

Jason Dodge May - Jun 2008 Milan

Massimo Bartolini Sep - Dec 2011 Yan Pei-Ming Milan 21 Mar -22 May 2016

Andrea Zittel Jun - Jul 2013 Milan Elmgreen & Dragset Apr - May 2002 Milan

John Armleder Nov - Jan 2006 Milan

Josh Smith May - June 2010 Milan Rudoplf Stingel Sep - Nov 2014 Milan

– 52 –

– 53 –

PEDDING BUILDING

GLOBAL/ LOCAL

– 54 –

– 55 –

PEDDING BUILDING

GLOBAL/ LOCAL

– 54 –

– 55 –

PEDDING BUILDING

art ART events EVENTS Genre

Shang Hai Biennale, since 1996

Hong Kong Arts Festival

EXHIBITION

Art Central Contemporary Art Fair, since 2000

Foire Internationale d'Art Contemporain Paris, since 2006

Frieze Art Fair London/ New York, since 2003

New York, since 1913

Venice Biennale Venice, since 1895

Le French May

Fine Art Asia

Affordable Art Fair Hong Kong, Singapore, Seoul

Tokyo International Art Fair Japan, since 2010

AUCTION ART BASEL Basel, Miami Beach, Hong Kong, since 1970

Competition Art Contemporary in Spain in arcolisboa Auctions Christie’s and Sortheby

ART BASEL (HK), since 2013

Institución Ferial de Madrid Madrid, since 1986

ART STAGE Singapore, since 2011

STORAGE

Le Free Port Switzerland (since 1859), Singapore (since 2010)

Malca-Amit

SCALE Private

hong kong

Government

– 56 –

asia

NEW

– 57 –

world

OLD

PEDDING BUILDING

art ART events EVENTS Genre

Shang Hai Biennale, since 1996

Hong Kong Arts Festival

EXHIBITION

Art Central Contemporary Art Fair, since 2000

Foire Internationale d'Art Contemporain Paris, since 2006

Frieze Art Fair London/ New York, since 2003

New York, since 1913

Venice Biennale Venice, since 1895

Le French May

Fine Art Asia

Affordable Art Fair Hong Kong, Singapore, Seoul

Tokyo International Art Fair Japan, since 2010

AUCTION ART BASEL Basel, Miami Beach, Hong Kong, since 1970

Competition Art Contemporary in Spain in arcolisboa Auctions Christie’s and Sortheby

ART BASEL (HK), since 2013

Institución Ferial de Madrid Madrid, since 1986

ART STAGE Singapore, since 2011

STORAGE

Le Free Port Switzerland (since 1859), Singapore (since 2010)

Malca-Amit

SCALE Private

hong kong

Government

– 56 –

asia

NEW

– 57 –

world

OLD

PEDDING BUILDING

globalART artEVENTS events relationship GLOBAL RELATIONSHIP

EXHIBITION

1. Venice Biennale 2. The Armory Show 3. Frieze Art Fair 4. Foire Internationale d'Art Contemporain

AUCTION

1. Art Basel 2. Institución Ferial de Madrid

Asia

1. Affordable Art Fair 2. Art Stage 3. Tokyo International Art Fair

STORAGE 1. Le Free Port

– 58 –

– 59 –

PEDDING BUILDING

globalART artEVENTS events relationship GLOBAL RELATIONSHIP

EXHIBITION

1. Venice Biennale 2. The Armory Show 3. Frieze Art Fair 4. Foire Internationale d'Art Contemporain

AUCTION

1. Art Basel 2. Institución Ferial de Madrid

Asia

1. Affordable Art Fair 2. Art Stage 3. Tokyo International Art Fair

STORAGE 1. Le Free Port

– 58 –

– 59 –

PEDDING BUILDING

art storage

– 60 –

– 61 –

PEDDING BUILDING

art storage

– 60 –

– 61 –

PEDDING BUILDING

LOCAL ART VENUES

local art venues Cultural Industry

Kowloon East United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization

PRODUCTION Parasite, Sheung Wan

Videotage, Media Art Collection

PMQ Cattle Depot Artist Village San Po Kong

Chai Wan

Fo Tan

JCCAC

INSTITUTION

C&G Artpartment

Spring Workshop

Asia Art Archive

Scandinavian School of Art and Design

Hong Kong Design Institute

Academy of Visual Arts

Academy of Performing Arts

Leisure and Cultural Services Department

Fringe Club

West Kowloon Cultural District

Art Promotion Office

TOURISM

Things That can happen, Shum Shui Po

ArtisTree

Oil Street Art Space

Hong Kong Visual Arts Centre

Former Central Police Station

Hong Kong Arts Centre

Hong Kong Museum of Art

M+ Museum

CONSUMPTION

Pedder Building

K11 Art Mall

South Island Cultural District

STORAGE

Malca-Amit Subsidized

PRIVATE

– 62 –

PUBLIC

Government-led

– 63 –

DISTRICT

SOHO/NOHO

PEDDING BUILDING

LOCAL ART VENUES

local art venues Cultural Industry

Kowloon East United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization

PRODUCTION Parasite, Sheung Wan

Videotage, Media Art Collection

PMQ Cattle Depot Artist Village San Po Kong

Chai Wan

Fo Tan

JCCAC

INSTITUTION

C&G Artpartment

Spring Workshop

Asia Art Archive

Scandinavian School of Art and Design

Hong Kong Design Institute

Academy of Visual Arts

Academy of Performing Arts

Leisure and Cultural Services Department

Fringe Club

West Kowloon Cultural District

Art Promotion Office

TOURISM

Things That can happen, Shum Shui Po

ArtisTree

Oil Street Art Space

Hong Kong Visual Arts Centre

Former Central Police Station

Hong Kong Arts Centre

Hong Kong Museum of Art

M+ Museum

CONSUMPTION

Pedder Building

K11 Art Mall

South Island Cultural District

STORAGE

Malca-Amit Subsidized

PRIVATE

– 62 –

PUBLIC

Government-led

– 63 –

DISTRICT

SOHO/NOHO

PEDDING BUILDING

ART VENUES AND DISTRICTS

G

art venues and districts

8 2 9 7 14

VENUE Production 1. Cattle Depot Artist Village 2. JCCAC 3. PMQ 4. ParaSite

C 5 1

A

Institution 5. Academy of Visual Art 6. Hong Kong Design Institute 7. JCCAC 8. SCAD 9. C&G Apartment 10. Asia Art Archive 11. Hong Kong Academy of Performing Arts

4 10

Tourism 12. M+ 13. Hong Kong Art Museum 14. Things that can happen 15. Tai Kung 16. Fringe Club 17. Hong Kong Arts Center 18. Hong Kong Visual Arts Center 19. Oil Street Art Space 20. ArtisTree

B 12

D

3 2223 15 16 18

21 13

DISTRICT

6 19

Kowloon A. West Kowloon Cuultural District

20

11 17

B. Energizing Kowloon East

F

C. San Po Kong

E

HK Island D. SOHO/NOHO E. South Island Cultural District

Consumption 21. K11 Art Mall 22. Pedder Building

F. Chai Wan

Storage 23. Malca-Amit

New Territories G.Fotan

– 64 –

– 65 –

PEDDING BUILDING

ART VENUES AND DISTRICTS

G

art venues and districts

8 2 9 7 14

VENUE Production 1. Cattle Depot Artist Village 2. JCCAC 3. PMQ 4. ParaSite

C 5 1

A

Institution 5. Academy of Visual Art 6. Hong Kong Design Institute 7. JCCAC 8. SCAD 9. C&G Apartment 10. Asia Art Archive 11. Hong Kong Academy of Performing Arts

4 10

Tourism 12. M+ 13. Hong Kong Art Museum 14. Things that can happen 15. Tai Kung 16. Fringe Club 17. Hong Kong Arts Center 18. Hong Kong Visual Arts Center 19. Oil Street Art Space 20. ArtisTree

B 12

D

3 2223 15 16 18

21 13

DISTRICT

6 19

Kowloon A. West Kowloon Cuultural District

20

11 17

B. Energizing Kowloon East

F

C. San Po Kong

E

HK Island D. SOHO/NOHO E. South Island Cultural District

Consumption 21. K11 Art Mall 22. Pedder Building

F. Chai Wan

Storage 23. Malca-Amit

New Territories G.Fotan

– 64 –

– 65 –

PEDDING BUILDING

ECONOMIC FACTORS

– 66 –

– 67 –

PEDDING BUILDING

ECONOMIC FACTORS

– 66 –

– 67 –

PEDDING BUILDING

characters of cbd

the economic factors rental cost comparison

– 68 –

– 69 –

PEDDING BUILDING

characters of cbd

the economic factors rental cost comparison

– 68 –

– 69 –

PEDDING BUILDING

WONG CHUK HANG

CENTRAL

– 70 –

– 71 –

PEDDING BUILDING

WONG CHUK HANG

CENTRAL

– 70 –

– 71 –

PEDDING BUILDING

Wong Chuk Hang Station & Depot (Former Wong Chuk Hang Estate)

South Island Line (East)

Aerial View of Wong Chuk Hang (source: Google Earth) – 72 –

– 73 –

PEDDING BUILDING

Wong Chuk Hang Station & Depot (Former Wong Chuk Hang Estate)

South Island Line (East)

Aerial View of Wong Chuk Hang (source: Google Earth) – 72 –

– 73 –

PEDDING BUILDING

Blind Spot Gallery

The Cat Street Gallery Annex

Spring Worksop

source: Spring Map Competition 2015: – 74 –

– 75 –

Map of Wong Chuk Hang

PEDDING BUILDING

Blind Spot Gallery

The Cat Street Gallery Annex

Spring Worksop

source: Spring Map Competition 2015: – 74 –

– 75 –

Map of Wong Chuk Hang

PEDDING BUILDING

THE EMERGING CULTURAL DISTRICT ON ISLAND

– 76 –

– 77 –

PEDDING BUILDING

THE EMERGING CULTURAL DISTRICT ON ISLAND

– 76 –

– 77 –

PEDDING BUILDING

THE NEW SPINE OF ART & CULTURe

– 78 –

– 79 –

PEDDING BUILDING

THE NEW SPINE OF ART & CULTURe

– 78 –

– 79 –

the art spaces galleries & art spaces in sicd

– 80 –

PEDDING BUILDING

– 81 –

the art spaces galleries & art spaces in sicd

– 80 –

PEDDING BUILDING

– 81 –

PEDDING BUILDING

the art spaces

– 82 –

– 83 –

PEDDING BUILDING

the art spaces

– 82 –

– 83 –

PEDDING BUILDING

Division of Work

Ho Cheuk Yiu Hardy

- Conservation & Refurbishement Analysis - Architecture of Pedder Building - Elevation

Lin Lap Anthony

- Timelines - development of the Pedder Building, Ownership - Urban Context - Architecture of Pedder Building - Sectional analysis - Economics Factors - Study of Island South Cultural District - Wong Chuk Hang - Gallery Directory - Origins of Galleries - Booklet Editing

Louise Michaud-Boudreault

- Gallery Directory - Architecture of Pedder Building - Sectional analysis, Plan

So Yeuk Yan Sebastian

- Gallery Directory - Architecture of Pedder Building - Plan - Global/ Local - Origins of galleries

Wun Michelle Hiu Shuen

- Timeline - Development of the Pedder Building - Global/Local - Art events, Global Art Event Relationship - Art Storage, Local Art Venues, Art Veues & Districts

– 84 –

– 85 –

PEDDING BUILDING

Division of Work

Ho Cheuk Yiu Hardy

- Conservation & Refurbishement Analysis - Architecture of Pedder Building - Elevation

Lin Lap Anthony

- Timelines - development of the Pedder Building, Ownership - Urban Context - Architecture of Pedder Building - Sectional analysis - Economics Factors - Study of Island South Cultural District - Wong Chuk Hang - Gallery Directory - Origins of Galleries - Booklet Editing

Louise Michaud-Boudreault

- Gallery Directory - Architecture of Pedder Building - Sectional analysis, Plan

So Yeuk Yan Sebastian

- Gallery Directory - Architecture of Pedder Building - Plan - Global/ Local - Origins of galleries

Wun Michelle Hiu Shuen

- Timeline - Development of the Pedder Building - Global/Local - Art events, Global Art Event Relationship - Art Storage, Local Art Venues, Art Veues & Districts

– 84 –

– 85 –