Connecting to Other Standards and Frameworks There are various frameworks and standards used in the educational context. These are often developed based on a professional role, such as an educator, administrator or coach, or they may be created with a focus on a particular subject area. This section explains how the ISTE Standards for Educators connect with other frameworks and standards, and how they can be used effectively together to transform learning and teaching in your school.
SAMR SAMR stands for Substitution, Augmentation, Modification and Redefinition (Puentedura, 2009). This framework is used to categorize four different ways technology can be used for learning and teaching.
SAMR FRAMEWORK
Modification
Enhancement
Tech allows for significant task redesign.
Transformation
Redefinition
Tech allows for the creation of new tasks, previously inconceivable
Augmentation
Tech acts as a direct tool substitute, with functional improvement.
Substitution
Tech acts as a direct tool substitute, with no functional change.
Substitution describes the use of technology for a task that can be replicated with a non-digital technology. Augmentation is when technology is used with some functional improvement. These two categories are called “Enhancement” as digital tools are being used as a basic upgrade to non-digital tools. Modification is when technology allows for a significant redesign of an activity — the technology benefits are more obvious than in the substitution and augmentation categories. Redefinition is the top of the SAMR model and describes tasks that could not be conducted without technology.
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ISTE Standards for Educators
