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Multiple Choice
1. When starting to write your action research report, what should your first question be?
a. What is my hypothesis?
b. How will I answer my research question?
c. When is the best time to disseminate this report?
d. Who will be my audience?
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. What is the purpose of sharing your work?
a. to gain notoriety in the field
b. so others can learn from it
c. so others can copy it
d. to be able to copyright it
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Which one of the following is likely to be one of your audiences?
a. family members
b. college professors
c. interested colleagues
d. your supervisors
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Why is it important to recognize the value of the writing of your action research report?
a. to extend and develop your thinking about your work
b. to be able to plan for subsequent school years
c. to defend your work to your supervisors
d. to publish your findings
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. Which of the following is the definition of praxis?
a. a statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between means
b. third in place, order, degree, or rank
c. a variable whose value determines the value of other variables
d. the practice that is formed at the intersection of reflection and action
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. Figure 8.1 shows that there are four audiences for action research. What are they?
a. yourself, colleagues within school/course, school leaders and policymakers, professional organizations/journals
b. yourself, your family, colleagues within school/course, school leaders and policymakers
c. your family, colleagues within school/course, school leaders and policymakers, professional organizations/journals
d. colleagues within school/course, school leaders and policymakers, professional organizations/journals, college & university faculty
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Figure 8.1 Audiences for Action Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. After determining audience, your second question should be ______.
a. What is the most appropriate format?
b. When is the best time to disseminate this report?
c. How will I answer my research question?
d. What is my hypothesis?
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Action Research Report Format
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. The purpose of using the action research summary format to disseminate your work is to .
a. develop a structured dialogue about your work for presentations
b. visually organize your materials for others
c. give the audience the gist of your study along with the major findings, implications for practice, and action steps
d. give the audience in-depth details of your major findings, implications for practice, and action steps
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Action Research Summary Format
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Which one of the following is likely to be a section in your traditional educational research report?
a. research plan
b. data analysis and reflection
c. policy recommendations
d. methodology
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Table 8.1 Comparison of Traditional Educational Research Report and Teacher Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. A discussion of participants in a traditional educational research report falls under which section?
a. introduction
b. methodology
c. results
d. research plan
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Table 8.1 Comparison of Traditional Educational Research Report and Teacher Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. A description of the intervention or innovation in an action research report falls under which section?
a. area of focus
b. research plan
c. data collection
d. methodology
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Table 8.1 Comparison of Traditional Educational Research Report and Teacher Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. A(n) ______ is conducive to sharing print copies across an audience or inclusion in newsletters, web pages, or e-mail communications.
a. action research report summary
b. case in point
c. Prezi
d. traditional educational research report
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Action Research Summary Format
Difficulty Level: Easy
13. Presentation software ______
a. is not useful in guiding a verbal presentation
b. like Wordle can be very effective during presentations
c. allows you to summarize key points and provide visuals
d. is cost-prohibitive
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Action Research Presentation Format
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. When you present your study to an audience, ______.
a. read the report out loud
b. avoid using visuals
c. rehearse beforehand
d. hire a tech consultant
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Action Research Presentation Format
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. Your author suggests there is/are ______ basic question(s) you should ask yourself before beginning to write your action research reports.
a. 1
b. 4
c. 10
d. 12
Ans: B
Answer: B
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Action research reports are typically written in ______.
a. first person
b. third person
c. future tense
d. past tense
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. The action research report should be written in the everyday, commonsense language of the .
a. writer
b. professors
c. participants
d. supervisors
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: easy
Cognitive Domain: knowledge
18. Your action research report should take a(n) ______ approach to the report.
a. biographical
b. autobiographical
c. hypothetical
d. analytical
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Easy
19. Your completed action research report should stand as a(n) ______ for what you did and why you did it.
a. explanation
b. autobiography
c. symbol
d. replication
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Easy
20. The abstract of an action research report is important because ______.
a. it should be approximately 500 words in length, including key terms
b. it explains only the purpose of your study, not findings and/or implications
c. it is the first piece of information the audience will encounter about your study
d. it is mandatory for most publications as written in their Submission Guidelines
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Writing an Abstract
Difficulty Level: Easy
21. Your author recommends beginning the construction of your abstract by ______.
a. establishing your data collection methods and procedures
b. developing a hypothesis and turning it into a research question
c. identifying key terms and important phrases in what you have written to date
d. outlining your literature review
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Writing an Abstract
Difficulty Level: Medium
22. Which of the following is the first rule of getting published?
a. Education is not the filling of a pail but the lighting of a fire.
b. Intelligence plus character.
c. Know what you want to say, why you want to say it, and to whom you want to say it.
d. Learning is the only thing the mind never exhausts, never fears, and never regrets.
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Publishing Your Work
Difficulty Level: Easy
23. ______ is a normal part of the publication process.
a. knowing what you want to say
b. calculation
c. omitting feedback
d. rejection
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Publishing Your Work
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. If your article is rejected by a journal, read the feedback carefully and submit ______ to another journal that may be a better fit for you work.
a. a revised manuscript
b. the same manuscript
c. a letter of explanation
d. that feedback
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Publishing Your Work
Difficulty Level: Easy
25. Elaborating on the implications of your findings might include which of the following?
a. writing an abstract
b. a discussion of changes to the study
c. updating your research plan
d. an addition to your reference list
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Taking Action: Crafting the Abstract and Policy Implication Statements
Difficulty Level: Medium
26. An abstract should ______.
a. include definitions of terminology
b. include references
c. be concise
d. be comprehensive
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Writing an Abstract
Difficulty Level: Easy
27. A question you should ask yourself when writing the abstract is ______
a. What does the reader absolutely have to know?
b. What can I share in 100 words or less?
c. What can I wordsmith to make this shorter?
d. How will I answer my research question?
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Writing an Abstract
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. Which of the following is your author’s definition of policy implications?
a. action statements developed to inform policy that results from the study
b. explanations of the purpose of your study, not findings and/or implications
c. first piece of information the audience will encounter about a study
d. answers to your original research questions
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Elaborating on Implications
Difficulty Level: Medium
29. Which of the following should you keep in mind when crafting your policy recommendation statements?
a. Recommendations should include flexible action statements.
b. Recommendations should follow directly from the theoretical framework.
c. Recommendations should not specifically state who can undertake such actions.
d. Recommendations should follow directly from the research data.
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Elaborating on Implications
Difficulty Level: Medium
30. Your author recommends that policy or procedural statements be presented in which section of your action research report?
a. abstract
b. methodology
c. results
d. implications
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Elaborating on Implications
Difficulty Level: Medium
31. Within your introduction and literature review, you’ve established the rationale for your study and described previous research. Where will you write about your experiences in light of what the research revealed?
a. research analysis
b. synthesis of literature
c. conclusion
d. reflection on literature
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Figure 8.3 Research Report Outline Considerations
Difficulty Level: Hard
32. In which section of the action research report will you include a description of how the results of your action research study impacted your practices relative to the area you chose to investigate?
a. conclusion
b. data analysis
c. action plan and policy recommendations
d. reflections and implications
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Figure 8.3 Research Report Outline Considerations
Difficulty Level: Medium
33. Copies of research permission forms, written surveys, and interview questions are items that would be included in which section of the action research report?
a. data analysis
b. research plan
c. appendices
d. conclusion
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Figure 8.3 Research Report Outline Considerations
Difficulty Level: Medium
34. Action research presentations should be aligned with the information in your ______.
a. research plan
b. action research report
c. research questions
d. reflections and implications
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Action Research Presentation
Difficulty Level: Easy
35. It is recommended that you include ______ slides in your action research presentation about your synthesis of literature.
a. 3 to 5
b. 1 or 2
c. at least 10
d. no more than 3
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Action Research Presentation
Difficulty Level: Easy
36. When writing your action research summary, it is recommended that you ______.
a. avoid lists and bullets
b. stay away from visually confusing tables and graphs
c. use 1.5 inch margins and 14-point font
d. provide key points that are short and succinct
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Action Research Summary
Difficulty Level: Medium
37. In a presentation, your research plan will include a description of participants, a description of the intervention/innovation, and ______
a. rationale
b. data collection
c. research question
d. action plan
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Figure 8.4 Elements of the Presentation
Difficulty Level: Medium
38. In what section of your action research report will you include educational/personal significance and question integration?
a. synthesis of literature
b. introduction
c. research plan
d. statement of the problem
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Figure 8.3 Research Report Outline Considerations
Difficulty Level: Hard
39. The order of sections in your action research report should be ______, Reflections and Implications, Action Plan and Policy Recommendations, Conclusions, References, Appendices.
a. Introduction, Synthesis of Literature, Research Question, Data Analysis
b. Abstract, Research Plan, Synthesis of Literature, Data Analysis
c. Research Plan, Abstract, Synthesis of Literature, Data Analysis
d. Abstract, Introduction, Synthesis of Literature, Research Plan, Data Analysis
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Figure 8.3 Research Report Outline Considerations
Difficulty Level: Medium
40. ______ from colleagues, administrators, or policymakers is often a challenge when moving forward with your action research process.
a. resistance to change
b. emotional support
c. resistance to the status quo
d. a desire to succeed
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 8-5: What are the potential challenges I may face when moving forward with the action research process?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Moving Forward: Potential Challenges
Difficulty Level: Medium
1. Your author suggests there are three audiences for our action research reports: our colleagues, interested professionals at other institutions, and our families.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Easy
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Comprehension
2. We are our most important audience.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. The action research report format is best suited for advanced degree projects but is difficult to adjust for a variety of publication outlets.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Action Research Report Format
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. In an action research report format, the sections are titled: Introduction, Review of Literature Review, Methodology, Results, and Recommendations.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Action Research Report Format
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. “What do my findings mean?” is one of the four basic questions action researchers should ask themselves before beginning to write their action research reports.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Medium
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Knowledge
6. Action research reports should be written in the third person.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Easy
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Knowledge
7. The answer to “How was the data collected and analyzed?” should be written into the abstract. Ans: F
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Knowing what you want to say, why you want to say it, and to whom you want to say it is the
first rule of getting articles published
Ans: T
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Publishing Your Work
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Submit your material for publication in exactly the way that editors request.
Ans: T
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Publishing Your Work
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. As you move forward with your action research, you will most likely find plenty of avenues for additional resources to support your work.
Ans: F
Learning Objective: LO 8-5: What are the potential challenges I may face when moving forward with the action research process?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Moving Forward: Potential Challenges
Difficulty Level: Medium
1. What are the three main audiences for our work? What differences might there be to the types of information or ways of presenting that would vary depending on your audience? Give an example of each.
Ans: Varies. Part 1: One audience is the colleagues with whom you may have collaborated in carrying out the research reported. Another audience is interested colleagues or administrators in the same or other institutions for whom the problem of practice presented may address a common or similar situation or topic of concern in their area of work. The third audience is ourselves. Part 2: Accept a wide range of responses as long as the example given for each audience makes sense overall.
Learning Objective: 8-1: Who is the audience of my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge/Comprehension
Answer Location: Setting the Context: Determining the Audience, Format, and Outlet
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Compare and contrast the main sections of traditional educational research reports and teacher action research reports. Include examples.
Ans: Varies. Responses should include descriptions of traditional and action research reports, how they are similar and dissimilar, and include at least one example of each.
Learning Objective: 8-2: What is the most appropriate format for my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Action Research Report Format
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Explain why teacher action research reports are usually written in first person.
Ans: Varies. Answers should touch on at least one of the following: the significance of the participation of the teacher as well as the personal nature, reflexivity, and individuality of the work.
Learning Objective: 8-3: How do I organize and write the action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Writing the Action Research Report
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Evaluate the quality of the following abstract. Choose at least two elements that would you change, add, and/or delete. Why?
Students’ compositions were investigated. Composition and rhetoric are not one discipline but are comprised of many related disciplines and activities. Students tried to assimilate too much information and were unable to control the vast material. Composition theory and pedagogy are distinctly different and require different approaches. Teachers and curriculum designers ought to be provided with proper training, emphasizing the pedagogical side of composition study, yet balance and communication should be established between instructors and theorists
Ans: Varies. A wide range of responses should be accepted. Look for a basic level of understanding. Be sure at least two elements are addressed in the responses.
Learning Objective: 8-4: How do I disseminate my action research report?
Cognitive Domain: Application/Analysis
Answer Location: Writing an Abstract
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. Your author describes three areas in which teacher action researchers might encounter potential challenges. Select one of them and explain how you believe you will be able to stand up to this challenge and be successful.
Ans: Varies. Be sure responses focus on at least one of the three challenges listed: (1) a lack of resources to continue the work; (2) resistance to change from colleagues, administrators, or policymakers; and (3) lack of time for ongoing action research within a teacher’s practice.
Learning Objective: 8-5: What are the potential challenges I may face when moving forward with the action research process?
Cognitive Domain: Application/Analysis
Answer Location: Moving Forward: Potential Challenges
Difficulty Level: Medium