CDM & Carbon Market Newsletter No. 21 by Mehr Renewable Energies Co.

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‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎران اﻳﻦ ﺷﻤﺎره‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺻﺎدق اﺣﺪي‬ ‫ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺘﺎب ﺻﺎدﻗﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﺮي‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻛﻼﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺳﻲ ‪ ‬‬ ‫آدرس‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮان‪ -‬ﺳﻌﺎدت آﺑﺎد‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺪان ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‪ -‬اﺑﺘﺪاي ﺑﻠﻮار ‪ 24‬ﻣﺘﺮي‪ -‬ﭘﻼك ‪ - 4‬واﺣﺪ ‪ 11‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪ 88584125 :‬و ‪22136142‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻜﺲ‪22136271 – 88584126 :‬‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻚ‪info@mehrenergy.com :‬‬ ‫وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ‪www.mehrenergy.com :‬‬

‫آﻏﺎز ﺳﺨﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>‬

‫ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي‬

‫"اﮔﺮ از ﺧﻮاب ﺑﻴﺪار ﺷﻮﻳﻢ دﻧﻴﺎﻳﻤﺎن را آب ﻧﻤﻲ ﺑﺮد"‬ ‫ﮔﺰارش اﺧﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ از ﺧﻄﺮ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺪة ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ؛ دﻧﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﮔﺮم‪.‬‬ ‫در آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ اﺟﻼس ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ )ﻛﻪ اﻣﺴﺎل در دوﺣﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد!( ﮔﺰارش ﻣﺰﺑﻮر زﻧﮓ ﺧﻄﺮ را ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺪا در آورده اﺳﺖ و ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ اﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪود ‪ 0/8‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻣﻴﺰان آن در ﻗﺒﻞ از‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺷﺪن دﻧﻴﺎ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬در ﻣﺴﻴﺮ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ‪ 4‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮادي ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2100‬ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲ رود ﺣﺘﻲ اﮔﺮ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻬﺪات ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺧﻮد ﺟﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﭙﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬اﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﺎدﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﻴﺎر داغ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ آب درﻳﺎﻫﺎ و اﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺳﻬﺎ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫اﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات اﻛﻨﻮن ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻓﻘﻴﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي دﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻫﺪاف و ﺗﻼﺷﻬﺎي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ را ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻬﻘﺮا ﻣﻲ ﺑﺮد‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰارش اﺧﻴﺮ آژاﻧﺲ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ اﻧﺮژي‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2011‬رﻛﻮردي ﺗﺎزه ﺑﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ رﺳﺎﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ‬ ‫‪ 3/2‬درﺻﺪي ﺑﻪ ‪ 31/6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد ﺗﻦ رﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺰارش وﺿﻌﻴﺖ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز ﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي در اﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و از‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻣﺎ اﻳﺮان ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ روﻧﺪ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻳﻦ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ روﻧﺪي ﻛﺎﻫﺸﻲ ﻧﺒﻮده اﺳﺖ )در راﺳﺘﺎي اﻫﺪاف ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫آب و ﻫﻮا‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﺪ‪‬ت اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي در دﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ( ﺑﻠﻜﻪ روﻳﻜﺮدي اﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ دارد و اﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ )و ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ( و ﺑﻠﻜﻪ از ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮدن ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎً اﺟﻼس ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﻛﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮان ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻓﺮﺻﺘﻲ ﻣﻐﺘﻨﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻢ اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻲ و ﭼﺎره ﺟﻮﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮه ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺣﻀﻮر اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻤﻨﺪان و ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻧﻈﺮان اﻳﺮان در اﺟﻼﺳﻬﺎي ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺑﻮده اﻳﻢ و‬ ‫اﻣﻴﺪوارﻳﻢ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ اﻣﺴﺎل ﺣﻀﻮري ﭘﺮ رﻧﮓ ﺗﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﻼش ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﻆ و ارﺗﻘﺎء ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻠﻲ اﻳﺮان )از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ رﻓﻊ اﺛﺮات‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ و ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك(‪ ،‬در اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎل داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻈﺎرات ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ اﻳﺮان از ﻫﻴﺎت اﻋﺰاﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻼش ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻌﺎل ﺳﺎزي ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‪ ،‬رﻓﻊ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﮔﺬاري ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ در ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر )‪ ،(NAMA‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ آﺗﻲ‬ ‫در ﻓﺮوش ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ از اﻳﺠﺎد ﺑﺎزارﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﺮا ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ و ﻣﺬاﻛﺮه و ﭼﺎره اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي اﻳﺮان از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺷﺪه )ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﺻﻨﺪوق ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪوق اﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺳﺒﺰ و ‪ (...‬اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫در ﺑﻌﺪ داﺧﻠﻲ اﻣﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ دوﻟﺖ و ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ در اﻧﺠﺎم اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت اﺳﺎﺳﻲ و ﺗﻼش‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻲ رﻳﺰي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ‪ cap & trade‬ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫اي ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻬﻢ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﭘﻴﺸﺮو در ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮر ﭘﺮ رﻧﮓ ﺧﻮد و‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم اﻗﺪاﻣﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺧﻮداﻇﻬﺎري ﻣﻴﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﺟﺎﻳﺰه ﺳﺒﺰ )ﻛﺮﺑﻦ(‪ ،‬آﮔﺎه ﺳﺎزي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎت ﻣﺮدم ﻧﻬﺎد و ‪...‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﻳﻔﺎي ﺳﻬﻢ ﺧﻮد در ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮه ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﻪ دوﻟﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻧﺴﻠﻬﺎي آﺗﻲ ﺑﭙﺮدازد‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﺟﻼس و ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>‬

‫ﻣﻬﺘﺎب ﺻﺎدﻗﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﺮي‬

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‫ﺷﺼﺖ و ﻧﻬﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك )‪(EB 69‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻮك‪ -‬ﺗﺎﻳﻠﻨﺪ ‪ 9‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 13‬ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫درﺳﺖ در ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺪور ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد رﺳﻴﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ را‬ ‫اﺗﺨﺎذ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻲ آن ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺟﺪﻳﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻫﺎ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‪.‬‬ ‫اﻋﻀﺎء ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﻓﺮاد درﮔﻴﺮ در ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ‪ CDM‬ﺑﻪ زودي ﻗﺎدر ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮد ﺗﺎ ﺑﻄﻮر داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرﺷﺎن را از‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎن ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه ‪ CDM‬از دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮا ﻟﻐﻮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴﺎن ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮش اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺒﺮان ﻣﻴﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎراﺗﺸﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ و ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺼﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ردﭘﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺷﺎن را دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در ﺷﺼﺖ و ﻧﻬﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎت ﻋﺎﻟﻲ رﺗﺒﻪ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎي ‪CDM‬‬ ‫اراﻳﻪ ﮔﺮدد‪.‬‬ ‫در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ رﺋﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺄت ‪ Maosheng Duan‬اﻇﻬﺎر ﻛﺮد ﻛﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اﻳﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮدن ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺳﭙﺎﺳﮕﺰارﻳﻢ ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎت ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﻲ ﺑﻪ آﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت ﻛﺴﺐ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﺎزده ﻧﻔﺮ از اﻋﻀﺎء ﭘﻨﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد زﻳﺎدي از ذﻳﻨﻔﻌﺎن در ﻃﻮل ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻼﻗﺎت و ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮ در‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮص ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت‪ ،‬ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ و ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻲ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك در آﻳﻨﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﺐ رﺋﻴﺲ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ آﻗﺎي ‪ Hession‬اﻋﻼم ﻛﺮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد زﻳﺎدي ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و راﻳﺰﻧﻲ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ﻣﻄﺮح‬ ‫ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺎدي اﻳﺠﺎد ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ و اﻣﻴﺪوارﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ اي از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت و ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻣﻮرد ‪ CDM‬از‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎن آﻧﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ دو ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﺧﺼﻮص روﺷﻬﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات اﺗﺨﺎذ ﻛﺮد‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﭘﺎﻳﻪ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ )ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ( اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم و ﺑﻄﻮر واﻗﻌﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺗﻲ را اﺗﺨﺎذ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ -21‬ﻣﻬﺮ‪ ،‬آﺑﺎن و آذر ‪91‬‬

‫ﻫﻤﻴﻨﻄﻮر ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻳﻚ رﻫﻨﻤﻮدي را در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ‪ GWP‬ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻴﺰﮔﺮد ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺪول ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات‬ ‫آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ ،‬اراﺋﻪ ﻛﺮد ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ اﺛﺮات در آﻏﺎز ﺳﺎل ‪ 2013‬اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ و اﻋﻀﺎء ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن و ﻣﺪﻳﺮان ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻞ ﮔﺰارﺷﺎت اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/index.html‬‬

‫آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻗﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﺎ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ‪2012/9/13‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه‬

‫‪4602‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ‪ CER‬ﺻﺎدر ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬

‫‪1736‬‬ ‫‪1،003،277،511‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎدر ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ‪ CDM‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك‬

‫‪>8400‬‬

‫ﭘﻨﺞ ﻛﺸﻮر اول در ﺛﺒﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻴﻦ‬

‫‪2316‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺪ‬

‫‪890‬‬

‫ﺑﺮزﻳﻞ‬

‫‪211‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺰﻳﻚ‬

‫‪144‬‬

‫وﻳﺘﻨﺎم‬

‫‪140‬‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺞ ﻛﺸﻮر اول در درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ‪CER‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫ﭼﻴﻦ‬

‫‪415،696،828‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺪ‬

‫‪70،137،683‬‬

‫ﺑﺮزﻳﻞ‬

‫‪24،929،011‬‬

‫ﺟﻤﻬﻮري ﻛﺮه‬

‫‪19،481،151‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺰﻳﻚ‬

‫‪12،694،175‬‬

‫ ﭘﻨﺠﺎه و ﻫﺸﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك )‪(MP 58‬‬‫ﺑﻦ آﻟﻤﺎن ‪ 15 -‬اﻟﻲ ‪ 19‬اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ و ﻣﻮارد ﺧﺎص ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﻬﺪات ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ و‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺳﺎزي اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﮔﺰارش ﻗﺒﻠﻲ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ ،‬ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ و ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﺄت‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎري ‪ 2012‬ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ داده ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در ﭘﺎﻳﺎن اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ ﮔﺰارش را ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﻛﺮد و ﭘﻨﺠﺎه و ﻫﺸﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن رﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺰارﺷﺎت و ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﻫﺎ‬ ‫در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮا ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/Panels/meth/index.html‬‬

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‫ﺳﻲ و ﻧﻬﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﻛﻮﭼﻚ )‪(SSC WG39‬‬

‫ﺳﻲ و ﻧﻬﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﻛﻮﭼﻚ از ‪ 9‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 12‬اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪ 2012‬در ﺑﻦ آﻟﻤﺎن ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪ .‬آﻗﺎي ‪Peer Stiansen‬‬ ‫رﺋﻴﺲ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺟﻠﺴﻪ را آﻏﺎز ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻛﺮد ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ را ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﻒ‪ -‬ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﻪ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ درﺟﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه اداﻣﻪ داد و ﻣﻘﺮر ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎر ﺗﺎ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺑﻌﺪي اداﻣﻪ دﻫﺪ‪ .‬اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎر ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻫﻴﺄت در ﺷﺼﺖ و ﻫﺸﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ در ﺣﺎل اﻧﺠﺎم اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺮر ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﻣﻮاردي‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد ﺗﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ درﺟﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﻧﻈﺮ و ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﮔﺮدد‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺖ ﻛﺮد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺪﻧﺒﺎل ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ از ﺧﺎرج از ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش و ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﻛﺎري‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ روي ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‪ ،‬را ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻫﻴﺄت ﻣﺪﻳﺮه در ﺷﺼﺖ و ﻧﻬﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺧﻮد‪ ،‬در ﺧﺼﻮص ﭘﻴﺶ ﻧﻮﻳﺲ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺎس و آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺳﺎزي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ روﻳﻜﺮدي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﺬاﻛﺮه ﺷﻮد و ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري از ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻳﻦ ﻣﺬاﻛﺮات ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ را ﺑﻪ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ از اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ‪ :‬ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري وﻳﮋه ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺳﻲ و ﻧﻬﻤﻴﻦ را ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﻛﺮد و اﻳﻦ ﮔﺰارش‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺿﻤﺎﻳﻢ آن در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ در دﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/Panels/ssc_wg/index.html‬‬

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‫ﺳﻲ و ﻫﻔﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ )‪(AR WG37‬‬

‫ﺳﻲ و ﻧﻬﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﺎت ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻞ از ‪ 29‬اﻟﻲ ‪ 31‬اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪ 2012‬در ﺑﻦ آﻟﻤﺎن ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري وﻳﮋه ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫﺎ و واﻛﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ را ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻮرد ﻓﺮاﺧﻮان ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‬ ‫را ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار داد و ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ را ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ و ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ‪ (Det Norske Veritas) DNV‬ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ‬ ‫دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮي ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻓﺮاﺧﻮان ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ ،‬ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺮاﺧﻮان ﻛﻪ از ‪ 23‬ژوﻻي ﺗﺎ ‪ 22‬آﮔﻮﺳﺖ ‪ 2012‬ﻛﻪ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﭘﻴﺶ ﻧﻮﻳﺲ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه اﺑﺰار " ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻛﺮﺑﻦ و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ذﺧﻴﺮه‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از درﺧﺘﺎن و درﺧﺘﭽﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك" ارﺳﺎل ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪،‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/Panels/ar/index.html‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬

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‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن‪:‬‬ ‫>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>‬

‫ﻣﻬﺘﺎب ﺻﺎدﻗﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﺮي‬

‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺣﺠﻢ زﻳﺎدي از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎت ﻋﺎﻟﻲ رﺗﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ آﻟﻤﺎن‪ 31 -‬اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫در ﻳﻚ ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮي ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﮕﺰاري ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎت ﻋﺎﻟﻲ رﺗﺒﻪ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد زﻳﺎدي از ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ﻛﻴﻮﺗﻮ را ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﻬﺖ اﻃﻼع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/about/policy/index.html‬‬

‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎري دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ و ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﻳﻬﺎي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ )‪ (IGES‬در‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ ‪ 23‬ﻧﻮاﻣﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ و ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﻳﻬﺎي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ در ژاﭘﻦ‪ ،‬اﺧﻴﺮا ﭼﺎرﭼﻮﺑﻲ را در‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﻫﻤﻜﺎري در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺤﺖ اﻳﻦ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب دو ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫آوري و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎه داده‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت‪ ،‬وﻗﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي‪ ،‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﺑﺘﻜﺎرات ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫اﻳﺠﺎد اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺘﻬﺎ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮا‬ ‫ﺑﻦ ‪ 16‬اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫در ﻳﻚ ﺗﻼش ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ﻛﻴﻮﺗﻮ در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪون ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮا در ﻃﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺗﻼش )‪ (QUEST‬آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﻚ دﻓﺘﺮ )اداري( ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ از ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك را در ﻟﻮم ﺗﻮﮔﻮ ‪ Lome Togo‬ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ از ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ در ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﺒﺮد ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/press/index_html‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺸﺎورزان ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي اﺣﻴﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك‬ ‫اﻋﻀﺎء ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك دو ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﻬﻢ در ‪ Humbo‬اﺗﻴﻮﭘﻲ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ ﻛﺸﺎورزان ﻣﺤﻠﻲ در ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك اﺣﻴﺎي ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎ )ﭘﺮوژه ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ (2712‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻤﻮده اﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻄﻮر ﭘﺨﺶ زﻧﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎﻣﺒﻮ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان اوﻟﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ در آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك را درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/JACO1245724331.7/view‬‬

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‫ﻓﺮاﺧﻮان رﺋﻴﺲ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻫﻤﻜﺎرﻳﻬﺎي ﺑﺎزار ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬ ‫واﺷﻨﮕﺘﻦ دي ﺳﻲ‪ 12 ،‬اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﻓﻴﮕﻮر )رﺋﻴﺲ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ( در ﺳﺨﻨﺮاﻧﻲ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﺎر ﮔﻔﺖ ﺑﺎزار ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺑﻪ اﻣﻨﻴﺖ و ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎز دارد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ از اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﻳﻬﺎي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دﻫﺪ‪ .‬وي در اﻇﻬﺎرات ﺧﻮد در ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻧﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎي ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮاﻧﻲ اﻳﺸﺎن در آدرس زﻳﺮ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪http://unfccc.int/files/press/statements/application/pdf/20121001_carbon_forum_north_america.pdf‬‬

‫ﻫﻴﺄت ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك راه را ﺑﺮاي داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر را ﻟﻐﻮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﻮار ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻮك ‪ 13‬ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫درﺳﺖ در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ از ﺻﺪور ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر در ﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎردي ﺑﻮدﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺟﺪﻳﺪي را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻳﺠﺎد ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬در آدرس زﻳﺮ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ را ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻴﺪ در‬ ‫آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪http://cdm.unfccc.int/press/index_html‬‬

‫‪ 5000‬ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ﻛﻴﻮﺗﻮ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﺛﺒﺖ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﺑﻦ آﻟﻤﺎن ﻧﻮاﻣﺒﺮ ‪2012‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ﻛﻴﻮﺗﻮ‪ ،‬از اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎزار ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻧﻤﻮدن اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر‬ ‫ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻜﺎر ﻣﻲ رود‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﺗﺎ ‪ 5000‬ﭘﺮوژه را ﺛﺒﺖ ﻛﺮده اﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﻬﺖ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪https://cdm.unfccc.int/CDMNews/issues/issues/I_1XPAQ1S2K0SCI15EVMAEGD6RJJ58MT/viewnew‬‬ ‫‪sitem.html‬‬

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‫ﮔﺰارش‪:‬‬ ‫>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>‬

‫ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي ‪ -‬ﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻛﻼﮔﺮ‬

‫ﮔﺰارش ‪ :1‬ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺮ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ - CO2‬آﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت در ﺳﺎل ‪ ) 12009‬و ﺑﻌﺪ از آن (‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ دوم )ﺑﺨﺶ آﺧﺮ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺰارش در ﺷﻤﺎره ﺑﻌﺪي اﻳﻦ ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ اراﺋﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ(‬

‫از ﺳﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ‪ 2008‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 2009‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ‪ CO2‬در ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮﺳﺎن ‪ %1/5‬در آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎ ﺗﺎ ‪ %7/4‬در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي اروﭘﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ ‪ ،2‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎل دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ را در ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ در اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﻨﻬﺎن ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ )ﺷﻜﻞ ‪.(4‬‬ ‫دو ﺳﻮم اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2009‬از ﺳﻮي ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ 10‬ﻛﺸﻮر ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ در آن ﺳﻬﻢ ﭼﻴﻦ و آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬اﻳﻦ دو ﻛﺸﻮر در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ‪ 12‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺗﻦ ‪ CO2‬ﻣﻌﺎدل ‪ %41‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ را ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺮده اﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 10 :4‬ﻛﺸﻮر ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر در ﺳﺎل ‪2009‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2009‬از ﺑﺤﺮان اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺮﺧﻲ روﻧﺪﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ CO2‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮔﻤﺮاه ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ CO2‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت و ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﺣﺪود دو ﺳﻮم اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ‪ CO2‬در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2009‬را ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺮده اﻧﺪ )ﺷﻜﻞ ‪.(5‬‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ :5‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ‪ CO2‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺑﺨﺶ در ﺳﺎل ‪2009‬‬

‫* ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ و ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﺎورزي و ﺟﻨﮕﻞ داري‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﻴﮕﻴﺮي‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ اﻧﺮژي ﻏﻴﺮ از ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﻧﺘﺸﺎراﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ در‬ ‫ﺟﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ ذﻛﺮ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ زﻳﺎدي ﻋﻤﺪه ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ‪ CO2‬اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪود ‪ %41‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ CO2‬دﻧﻴﺎ در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2009‬را‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده اﺳﺖ‪ .‬در ﻛﻞ دﻧﻴﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺑﻪ زﻏﺎل ﺳﻨﮓ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ ،CO2‬ﺗﻜﻴﻪ دارد‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺳﻬﻢ آن در اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‪.‬ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﺮاﻟﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻬﺴﺘﺎن و آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎي ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ %68‬ﺗﺎ‬ ‫‪ %94‬ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن زﻏﺎل ﺳﻨﮓ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎي ‪ 2008‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 2009‬ﻛﻞ ‪ CO2‬ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮه از ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت ﺣﺪود ‪ % 1/7‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ )ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .(6‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ CO2‬از ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ را ﺑﺎ ‪ % 2/8‬داﺷﺘﻪ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ زﻏﺎل ﺳﻨﮓ و ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ‪ % 1/9‬و ‪0/7‬‬ ‫‪ %‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ‪ .‬روﻧﺪ آﺗﻲ ﺷﺪت اﻧﺘﺸﺎر در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ واﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﺪﻳﺪي ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻫﻤﭽﻮن اﻧﺮژي ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ و ﻫﺴﺘﻪ اي دارد‪.‬‬

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‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ :6‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ‪ CO2‬از ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ* اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ و ﺣﺮارت در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي ‪ 2008‬و ‪2009‬‬

‫* ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ از ﺑﺮق و ﮔﺮﻣﺎ اﺷﺎره دارد‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ‪ :‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ‪ CO2‬ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 2008‬و ‪ 2009‬اﻧﺪﻛﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﺳﺎل ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺄ‬ ‫ﺑﺪون ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪه ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ‪ WEO 2010‬ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮق ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2035‬ﺣﺪود ﺳﻪ ﭼﻬﺎرم ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬اﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ‬ ‫از رﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ و در آﻣﺪ در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اداﻣﻪ دار ﺗﻌﺪاد دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ در ﻣﻨﺎزل و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎري و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ رﺷﺪ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎل اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻣﻲ رود ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق از اﻧﺮژي ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ رﺷﺪ ﺧﻮد در‬ ‫‪ 25‬ﺳﺎل آﻳﻨﺪه اداﻣﻪ دﻫﺪ درﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ از ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ دوﻟﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﮔﺬاري و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﺮه‬ ‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺮد‪ .‬ﺳﻬﻢ اﻧﺮژي ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ از ﻛﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق از ‪ %19‬در ﺳﺎل ‪ % 2008‬ﺑﺎ اداﻣﻪ" اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﻫﺎي ﻓﻌﻠﻲ"‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ‪ %23‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي‬ ‫" اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ"ﺑﻪ ‪ %32‬و ﺑﺎ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ "‪ 450‬ﺳﻨﺎرﻳﻮ" ‪ %45‬اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ‪ ،‬دوﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪه ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪه ‪ %23‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ‪ CO2‬در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2009‬ﺑﻮد‪ .‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ CO2‬اﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎي ‪ 2008‬و ‪ 2009‬ﺣﺪود ‪ %1/7‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ )ﺷﻜﻞ‪.(7‬‬

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‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ :7‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ CO2‬از ﺣﻤﻞ وﻧﻘﻞ در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي ‪ 2008‬و ‪2009‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ‪ :‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ CO2‬از وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺟﺎده اي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ داده اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻳﺎﻻت ﻣﺘﺤﺪه آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮاﻧﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮت را در دﻧﻴﺎ دارد ) ﺑﻴﺶ از‪ 2500‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻧﻔﺮ در ﺳﺎل (‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ اواﺧﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ در آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺧﻮدرو ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻮﺧﺖ در اروﭘﺎ‪ ،‬اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ را ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ )ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ اﺗﺤﺎدﻳﻪ اروﭘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن(‪ .‬در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ در ﺧﻮدروﻫﺎي ﺳﺒﻚ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ در ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻋﻀﻮ ‪ OECD‬ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﺶ از ‪ % 50‬ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ )‪ ، ETP2010‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪.( 262‬‬ ‫از آﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻧﻤﻲ رود در آﻳﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺼﻮر‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺰارش ‪ WEO 2010‬ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻮﺧﺖ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2035‬ﺣﺪود ‪ %40‬اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺪود ﻛﺮدن اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاران‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺑﺘﺪا و ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻫﻤﻪ‪ ،‬راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻳﺎ اﻟﺰام ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﻴﺮي از ﺧﻮدرو ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮ ﺑﺎزده در ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر ﻛﻪ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﺧﻴﺮاً‬ ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎﻳﻲ را اﻧﺠﺎم داده اﺳﺖ و اﺗﺤﺎدﻳﻪ اروﭘﺎ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در اداﻣﻪ ﺗﻮاﻓﻘﺎت داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ از ﺧﻮدرو ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ و ﺑﻪ روش ﻫﺎي ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﻛﻢ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺸﻮق ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ و ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎً ﻛﻢ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮق )ﻣﺜﻼً ﺧﻮدروﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪي( ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺪروژن )ﻣﺜﻼً ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎر ﮔﻴﺮي ﺧﻮدروﻫﺎي ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ( و ﻧﻴﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳﻮﺧﺖ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ) ﻣﺜﻼً ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ دﻳﺰل (‪ .‬ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ در ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ‪ ،‬اﻳﻦ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﮔﺬاري اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﺻﻮرت ﮔﻴﺮد‪.‬‬ ‫اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ اﺛﺮات زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ را ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داد و ﻫﻢ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد ﺑﻪ اﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ اﻧﺮژي داﺧﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻲ اوﻗﺎت ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮات ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺣﻮادث ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬اﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎت و ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ژﺋﻮﭘﻮﻟﻴﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺗﺠﺎرت ﻧﻔﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬

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‫ﮔﺰارش ‪ :2‬ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ اﻧﺮژي از ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت‬ ‫>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>‬

‫ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ از‪ :‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻴﻞ ﭘﺮﻳﺴﻜﺎت در ﺷﻤﺎره اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ‪tce‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‪ :‬ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻧﺮژي از ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت )‪ (EFW٢‬در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻳﻚ روش‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪ .‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت و ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻧﺒﻮه ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ روزاﻧﻪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻧﺮژي در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ در ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺳﻮزاﻧﻴﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺣﺮارت ﻳﺎ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﭘﺨﺖ و ﭘﺰ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ‪ EFW‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ‪ .‬در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻴﺶ از ‪ 3000‬واﺣﺪ ‪ EFW‬در‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎن وﺟﻮد دارد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻧﻴﻤﻲ از آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻛﺸﻮر ژاﭘﻦ‬ ‫واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ) ‪ 1800‬واﺣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪود ‪ 80‬درﺻﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه در اﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮر را ﻣﻴﺴﻮزاﻧﺪ( ﻛﺸﻮر‬ ‫داﻧﻤﺎك )ﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ آن ﺣﺪود ‪ 10‬درﺻﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن‬ ‫اﺳﺖ( ﺑﻴﺶ از ‪ 30‬واﺣﺪ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ‪ 3000‬واﺣﺪ را در ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮد ﻛﻪ ﺣﺮارت ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي از اﻳﻦ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻪ ‪DH٣‬‬ ‫)ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي( ‪ 82‬درﺻﺪ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫را اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬در اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ‪ 25‬واﺣﺪ ‪ EFW‬در‬ ‫آن وﺟﻮد دارد )‪ 15‬واﺣﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ در دﺳﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ( ﺣﺪود ‪ 15‬درﺻﺪ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺗﻮﺳﻂ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻓﻮق ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در ﺟﺪول زﻳﺮ درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ اﻧﺮژي از ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮر‬

‫درﺻﺪ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ اﻧﺮژي‬

‫داﻧﻤﺎرك‬

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‫ژاﭘﻦ‬

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‫ﻫﻠﻨﺪ‬

‫‪76‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﻳﺲ‬

‫‪67‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺋﺪ‬

‫‪49‬‬

‫ﻓﺮاﻧﺴﻪ‬

‫‪47‬‬

‫آﻟﻤﺎن‬

‫‪37‬‬

‫اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪2-Energy from waste‬‬ ‫‪3-District heating‬‬

‫‪11‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮي ﻛﻪ از آﻻﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲ و اﺗﻼف اﻧﺮژي ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ در اذﻫﺎن ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ وﺟﻮد دارد‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﻳﻨﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ رﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫واﺣﺪﻫﺎي‪ EFW‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ رﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻮاد آﻻﻳﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺷﺪه و راﻧﺪﻣﺎن اﻧﺮژي ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ آﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻪ در ﻋﻤﻞ وﺟﻮد‬ ‫دارد اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺪرن ‪ EFW‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻫﻢ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺑﺼﺮي ﺟﺬاب ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﻫﻢ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ‪ DH‬ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از ‪ 75‬درﺻﺪ ﻣﻴﺮﺳﺪ‪ .‬در ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ زﻳﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي از ﻳﻚ واﺣﺪ ‪ EFW‬ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ از ﻳﻚ واﺣﺪ ‪ EFW‬در ﺷﻤﺎل ﻛﺸﻮر اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن‬

‫در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﺮاوري ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت و ﻃﺮح اﻳﻦ ﺳﺌﻮال ﻛﻪ آﻳﺎ اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ‪ EFW‬را ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر رﺳﻴﺪن ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻫﺪاف ﺧﻮد اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻫﺪاف واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ‪ EFW‬ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﻫﺪاف ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬﺎي ‪ EFW‬ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎي اروﭘﺎ ) ﻛﻪ در اﻛﺘﺒﺮ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2008‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ(‬ ‫ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﻲ اﻳﻦ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ را اﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪ 50‬درﺻﺪ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ‪ 70‬درﺻﺪ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺑﻲ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﺳﺎز و‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ و دوﺑﺎره ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﻮرﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي را ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ اراﺋﻪ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از؛ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد‪ ،‬ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ اﻧﺮژي( و‬ ‫دورﻳﺰي )دﻓﻦ( اﻳﻤﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪12‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﺑﻨﺪ )‪ 5 (1‬و )‪ 5 (2‬دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻨﺪﻓﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آن ﻳﻜﺴﺮي اﻫﺪاف ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ دﻓﻦ زﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻛﻪ از ﻟﺤﺎظ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ )‪ (BMW٤‬ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪه‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺜﺎل در اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ‪ BMW‬ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻨﺪﻓﻴﻞ در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2013‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 30‬درﺻﺪ ﺳﺎل‬ ‫‪ 1995‬و در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2020‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 35‬درﺻﺪ آن ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰم ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ‪ 20‬اﻟﻲ ‪ 40‬واﺣﺪ ‪ EFW‬ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﻌﺪاد واﺣﺪﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه از ﺳﺎل ‪ 2000‬و واﺣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ و از دور ﺧﺎرج ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺘﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ‪ 1.5‬واﺣﺪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ در‬ ‫اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن در ﺣﺎل ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي رﺳﻴﺪن ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﻪ ‪ 3‬واﺣﺪ در ﺳﺎل اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ‪EFW‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﻣﻠﻲ و ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ و ﻟﻨﺪﻓﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ EFW .‬ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ را از‬ ‫ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﭘﺎﻳﺪاري ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻧﺮژي ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ‪ EFW‬در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ اﻧﺮژي روز ﺑﻪ روز در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺖ و از ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً داراي ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻟﺬا در ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪاف اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ از اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻣﻴﮕﺮدد‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي در اﻳﻦ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر ﻛﻪ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬﺎي ‪ DH‬ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‪ .‬اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ‪ DH‬در ﻃﻲ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ اﻧﺮژﻳﺒﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ زﻳﺎدي‬ ‫در ﻣﻴﺎن ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻲ ﭼﻮن اﺳﻜﺎﻧﺪﻳﻨﺎوي در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺜﺎل ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ‪ 30‬واﺣﺪ ‪ EFW‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در داﻧﻤﺎرك اﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪ DH‬ﻃﺮح رﻳﺰي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ اي دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻣﺴﻴﺮي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺬاري‬ ‫در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ رﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪن ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت اداﻣﻪ دارد اﻣﺎ ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮان اﻣﻴﺪوار ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻲ ﻫﺪف‬ ‫‪ Zero-Waste‬دﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﻓﺘﻨﻲ و در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ‪ Zero- Landfill‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﺘﺮي اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺮﻛﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎت و ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ اﻧﺮژي از آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪4- biodegradable municipal waste‬‬

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‫ﮔﺰارش ‪ :3‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ از دوﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻴﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻴﻬﻮده ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ را ﺧﺎﺗﻤﻪ دﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>‬

‫ﺑﺮﮔﺮدان‪ :‬ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‪ :‬داده ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﻮاره‬

‫‪NOAA‬‬

‫آﻣﺎر ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻋﻤﺪه ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻳﻚ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻋﻤﺪه ﻫﻤﭽﻮن اﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎ در ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات اﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻢ دارد‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ در ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ‪ 50‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد دﻻر ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪر ﻣﻲ رود‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ از ﻓﺮدرﻳﻚ اﺳﺘﺎرك‪/‬آﻻﻣﻲ‬

‫ﺑﺮآوردﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ در ‪20‬ﻛﺸﻮر ﺟﻠﻮدار ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻔﺖ دﻧﻴﺎ در ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات اﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه‬ ‫ﻳﻚ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻋﻤﺪه ﻫﻤﭽﻮن اﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ اﻋﻼم ﻛﺮد ﺑﺎ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2005‬ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازة ‪ %30‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﻮز ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ‪ 50‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد دﻻر ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪر ﻣﻲ رود‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻮاره اي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ از ﮔﺎز ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ‪-‬ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً روﺷﻨﻲ ﺑﺨﺶ آﺳﻤﺎن ﺷﺒﻬﺎي ﻣﻴﺎدﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ دﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ‪ -‬ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺘﻬﺎ و ﺟﺮاﻳﻢ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ و ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﻧﻮﻳﻦ در ﻣﻴﺎدﻳﻦ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻫﺎ و ﻫﺪر رﻓﺖ ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﻟﻴﻜﻦ در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ دﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﮔﺰارش ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬آذرﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎن در دوﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ را ‪ %50‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داده اﺳﺖ و ﻣﻜﺰﻳﻚ ‪ %66‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داده‬ ‫اﺳﺖ و ﻛﻮﻳﺖ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪%1‬ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي زاﺋﺪ را ﻣﻲ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪ‪ .‬دﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻄﺮ و ﺟﻤﻬﻮري دﻣﻮﻛﺮاﺗﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﮕﻮ اﻛﻨﻮن ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ از ﮔﺎزﻫﺎﻳﻲ را ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻼً ﻫﺪر ﻣﻲ رﻓﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮآوردﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎ از ‪ 172‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2007‬ﺑﻪ ‪142‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در ﺳﺎل‬ ‫‪ 2011‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ اﻳﻨﺤﺎل ﻋﻤﺪة اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ از ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ‪ 2005‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 2007‬ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ و ﻓﻘﻂ ﺷﺶ ﻛﺸﻮر از ‪ 20‬ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﻤﺪة ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻔﺖ ﺟﻬﺎن اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ واﻗﻌﻲ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ درﺳﺎل ‪ 2011‬ﻧﻤﻮده اﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﺗﻮاﻓﻘﺎت اﻋﻼم ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ و ﻋﻤﺪه ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ‪ ،‬اﻳﻨﺮﺳﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن‬ ‫ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ اﻛﻨﻮن روﻧﺪ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻲ ﺑﺨﻮد ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ %10‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ از ﺳﻮي ‪ 20‬ﻛﺸﻮر ﻧﺨﺴﺖ دﻧﻴﺎ از ﺳﺎل ‪ 2007‬ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻛﻪ در ردة ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﺟﺪول ﻟﻴﮓ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻗﺮار دارد‪ ،‬در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ‪ 2010‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 2011‬ﺣﺪود ‪%50‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﺧﻮد را اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ داده اﺳﺖ و در ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﺧﻮد را ﺣﺪود ﺳﻪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻴﺎدﻳﻦ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺻﺨﺮه اي در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ داﻛﻮﺗﺎي ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ‪ .‬روﺳﻴﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ زﻳﺎدي ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻮزاﻧﻨﺪه ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻌﻞ دﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ‪ 37/4 ،‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﮔﺎز در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2011‬ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪ 1/8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺑﻴﺶ از ﺳﺎل ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﻮده‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻠﺰم ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ و ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ را ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ‪ %30‬در ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل آﻳﻨﺪه ﻛﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﻨﺪ و ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫راﭼﻞ ﻛﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻌﺎون ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪار ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻳﺪ‪" :‬اﻳﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻫﺪف ﻋﻤﻠﻲ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ اﻧﺮژي در اﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﺎ‪ -‬ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﻣﺮدم دﻧﻴﺎ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮق ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‪ -‬دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺴﺎدﮔﻲ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻴﻢ ﻫﺪررﻓﺘﻦ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﮔﺎز را ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪".‬‬ ‫وي اﻓﺰود "ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ درﺳﺖ اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻳﺎ ﮔﺎﻣﻬﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲ رود ﻣﻄﻠﺐ دﻳﮕﺮي اﺳﺖ‪ .‬اﻣﺎ اﻛﻨﻮن ﻫﻴﭻ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮري ﻧﻤﻴﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻣﺎﭼﺎﻛﺮاﺑﺎرﺗﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ اروﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﺑﺎز ﺳﺎزي ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪" :‬اﻳﻦ ﻫﺪر رﻓﺖ ﺑﺰرگ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺒﺪل ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬارﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اي ﺳﻮد آور ﺷﻮد"‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﻲ اذﻋﺎن دارﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﺪررﻓﺖ ﮔﺎزي ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق ﺑﻜﺎر رود‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ آن ﻧﻴﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن‪ ،‬ﭘﻮل و ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژي و ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ زﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﺎي ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن دارد‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﺨﻨﮕﻮي ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻓﺮاﻧﺴﻮي ﺗﻮﺗﺎل ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻛﺮدن ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﺧﻮد ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2014‬ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ‬ ‫"ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ اﺣﻤﻘﺎﻧﻪ اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ آن ﺳﺨﺖ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ در ﺟﻬﺖ درﺳﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ اﻣﺎ اﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ زﻣﺎﻧﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ "‪.‬‬ ‫اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻫﺎ و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﻏﻴﺮ دوﻟﺘﻲ در ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ اﻋﻼم ﻛﺮده اﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻛﻤﻲ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ادﻋﺎ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻣﺮدم دﻧﻴﺎ در اﺛﺮ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﺎي ﺛﺮوﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ ﻣﻲ ﻣﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻤﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ در ﻻﺋﻮس و رﺋﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺄت ﻣﺪﻳﺮه دوﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ زﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ "ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎز‬ ‫ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭼﻴﺰي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺸﺮﻳﺖ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬آﻧﻬﺎ آﺳﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن را ﻣﻲ ﻛﺸﻨﺪ و ﻫﻮا را ﻣﺴﻤﻮم ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻳﻦ دود ﻛﺶ ﻫﺎ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي را ﺑﻪ اﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻗﻠﻴﻢ را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار داده و ﻫﻤﻪ را در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻄﺮ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ‬ ‫دﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ اداﻣﻪ دارد ﭼﻮن ﻛﺸﺘﻦ ارزان اﺳﺖ و ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺖ"‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ دو‪‬ﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻮزاﻧﻨﺪه ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ در دﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﻴﺖ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺖ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‪ ،‬ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي ﻓﺪرال و اﻳﺎﻟﺘﻲ از اﺟﺒﺎر ﺗﻮﻗﻒ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ‬

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‫ﻋﺎﺟﺰ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻣﻴﺎدﻳﻦ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﻄﻮر رﺳﻤﻲ در ﺳﺎل ‪] 1984‬در ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ[ ﻣﻤﻨﻮع ﺷﺪ و در ﺳﺎل‬ ‫‪ 2005‬دادﮔﺎه ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ آﻧﺮا "ﻣﻐﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺎﺳﻲ" اﻋﻼم ﻛﺮد‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎي ﻓﻌﺎل در اﻳﻦ ﺣﻮزه‬ ‫ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن را ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ %10‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2007‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داده اﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ از‪ :‬روزﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮔﺎردﻳﻦ‪ 24-‬اﻛﺘﺒﺮ‪2012‬‬ ‫]درﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻛﺸﻮر روﺳﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ‪ ،‬اﻳﺮان‪ ،‬ﻋﺮاق و آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ در ﺻﺪر ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺳﻮزاﻧﻨﺪه ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ‪ .‬درﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎي‬ ‫‪ 2007‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 2011‬روﺳﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از ‪ %28‬و ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ ﺣﺪود ‪ %10‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﻟﻴﻜﻦ اﻳﺮان‪ ،‬ﻋﺮاق و آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ‪6‬درﺻﺪ‪40 ،‬درﺻﺪ و‬ ‫‪ 2/2‬ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﻳﺮان در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2011‬ﺣﺪود ‪ 11/4‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﮔﺎز ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺪول زﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪20‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﻤﺪه ﺳﻮزاﻧﻨﺪه ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ در ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‪[.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﻴﺰان ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻮزان از داده ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﻮاره اي‪ 2007 ،‬ﺗﺎ ‪:2011‬‬ ‫‪2007‬‬

‫‪2008‬‬

‫‪2009‬‬

‫‪2010‬‬

‫‪2011‬‬

‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ از ‪ 2010‬ﺗﺎ ‪2011‬‬

‫روﺳﻴﻪ‬

‫‪52.3‬‬

‫‪42.0‬‬

‫‪46.6‬‬

‫‪35.6‬‬

‫‪37.4‬‬

‫‪1.8‬‬

‫ﻧﻴﺠﺮﻳﻪ‬

‫‪16.3‬‬

‫‪15.5‬‬

‫‪14.9‬‬

‫‪15.0‬‬

‫‪14.6‬‬

‫‪-0.3‬‬

‫اﻳﺮان‬

‫‪10.7‬‬

‫‪10.8‬‬

‫‪10.9‬‬

‫‪11.3‬‬

‫‪11.4‬‬

‫‪0.0‬‬

‫‪6.7‬‬

‫‪7.1‬‬

‫‪8.1‬‬

‫‪9.0‬‬

‫‪9.4‬‬

‫‪0.3‬‬

‫ﺣﺠﻢ )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎرد ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ(‬

‫ﻋﺮاق‬ ‫آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫اﻟﺠﺰاﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺰاﻗﺴﺘﺎن‬

‫‪6‬‬

‫آﻧﮕﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﺳﻌﻮدي‬

‫‪7‬‬

‫‪2.2‬‬

‫‪2.4‬‬

‫‪3.3‬‬

‫‪4.6‬‬

‫‪7.1‬‬

‫‪2.5‬‬

‫‪5.6‬‬

‫‪6.2‬‬

‫‪4.9‬‬

‫‪5.3‬‬

‫‪5.0‬‬

‫‪-0.3‬‬

‫‪5.5‬‬

‫‪5.4‬‬

‫‪5.0‬‬

‫‪3.8‬‬

‫‪4.7‬‬

‫‪0.9‬‬

‫‪3.5‬‬

‫‪3.4‬‬

‫‪4.1‬‬

‫‪0.0‬‬

‫‪3.9‬‬

‫‪3.6‬‬

‫‪3.7‬‬

‫‪0.1‬‬

‫‪2.2‬‬

‫‪2.7‬‬

‫‪2.8‬‬

‫‪3.5‬‬

‫‪0.7‬‬

‫ﭼﻴﻦ‬

‫‪2.6‬‬

‫‪2.5‬‬

‫‪2.4‬‬

‫‪2.5‬‬

‫‪2.6‬‬

‫‪0.1‬‬

‫وﻧﺰوﺋﻼ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎدا‬

‫‪2.0‬‬

‫‪1.9‬‬

‫‪1.8‬‬

‫‪2.5‬‬

‫‪2.4‬‬

‫‪-0.1‬‬

‫ﻟﻴﺒﻲ‬

‫‪3.8‬‬

‫‪4.0‬‬

‫‪3.5‬‬

‫‪3.8‬‬

‫‪2.2‬‬

‫‪-1.6‬‬

‫‪2.6‬‬

‫‪2.5‬‬

‫‪2.9‬‬

‫‪2.2‬‬

‫‪0.0‬‬

‫اﻧﺪوﻧﺰي‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺰﻳﻚ‬

‫‪8‬‬

‫‪2.7‬‬

‫‪3.6‬‬

‫‪3.0‬‬

‫‪2.8‬‬

‫‪2.1‬‬

‫‪-0.7‬‬

‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬

‫‪2.4‬‬

‫‪2.3‬‬

‫‪2.2‬‬

‫‪1.8‬‬

‫‪1.7‬‬

‫‪-0.1‬‬

‫ازﺑﻜﺴﺘﺎن‬

‫‪2.1‬‬

‫‪2.7‬‬

‫‪1.7‬‬

‫‪1.9‬‬

‫‪1.7‬‬

‫‪-0.2‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﻟﺰي‬

‫‪1.8‬‬

‫‪1.9‬‬

‫‪1.5‬‬

‫‪1.6‬‬

‫‪0.2‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﺎن‬

‫‪2.0‬‬

‫‪1.9‬‬

‫‪1.6‬‬

‫‪0.0‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬

‫‪1.5‬‬

‫‪1.6‬‬

‫‪1.8‬‬

‫‪1.6‬‬

‫‪0.0‬‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ‪ 20‬ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﻤﺪه‬

‫‪132‬‬

‫‪124‬‬

‫‪127‬‬

‫‪118‬‬

‫‪121‬‬

‫‪3.1‬‬

‫ﺑﻘﻴﻪ دﻧﻴﺎ‬

‫‪22‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪19‬‬

‫)‪(1.1‬‬

‫ﻛﻞ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن در دﻧﻴﺎ‬

‫‪154‬‬

‫‪146‬‬

‫‪147‬‬

‫‪138‬‬

‫‪140‬‬

‫‪1.9‬‬

‫اﺗﺼﺎل داﺋﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‪http://go.worldbank.org/G2OAW2DKZ0 :‬‬ ‫‪ -5‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ داﻛﻮﺗﺎي ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫‪ -6‬ﺑﻴﺶ از ﺣﺪ ﻛﻢ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪ -7‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ آزاد‬ ‫‪ -8‬ﺑﻴﺶ از ﺣﺪ زﻳﺎد ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬

‫‪16‬‬

‫اﺧﺒﺎر ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>‬

‫ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي‬

‫ ردﭘﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ اﺳﺖ؟‬‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ در ﻳﻚ اﻗﺪام داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ردﭘﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ )‪ (Carbon Footprint‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎي ﺧﻮد در ﻃﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ را ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ و ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼع ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﻲ رﺳﺎﻧﺪ )در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻋﻼم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ(‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﺮو در ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻣﻴﺰان‬ ‫)ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ( ردﭘﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺧﻮد در اﻳﺮان ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ردﭘﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ اﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻮال ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم‬ ‫اﻓﺰاري ﻛﻪ در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺷﻤﺎ ﻋﺰﻳﺰان ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ ردﭘﺎي ﺧﻮد را ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫از ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي و ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ )ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ( ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ در اﻳﻦ اﻗﺪام‬ ‫داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ ردﭘﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺧﻮد ﺳﻬﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ آﻣﺎدﮔﻲ دارد ﺗﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻲ اﻳﻦ اﻗﺪام ﻏﻴﺮاﻧﺘﻔﺎﻋﻲ را ﻋﻬﺪه دار ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬

‫ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ارﺳﺎل ﺷﺪ‬‫ﭘﺲ از ﻛﺶ و ﻗﻮس ﻓﺮاوان‪ ،‬ﻧﻬﺎد ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﭘﺮوژه )ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ‪ (Bureau Veritas‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﺮوژه "ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ ‪ N2O‬در واﺣﺪ اﺳﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﺮاز‪ ،‬درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ آﻧﺮا در ‪ 16‬ﻧﻮاﻣﺒﺮ ‪ 2012‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻞ اراﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﻮد‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺛﺒﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﺰﺑﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان دوازدﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه اﻳﺮان )و ﻫﻔﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ( ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺧﻮرد‪.‬‬ ‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺣﺪود ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎه ﺑﻄﻮل ﻣﻲ اﻧﺠﺎﻣﺪ و ﻃﻲ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺎم )ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺪارك درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻮدن اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و‬ ‫ﮔﺰارش دﻫﻲ ﭘﺮوژه و ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻴﺎت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ( ﺑﻪ ﺛﻤﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻳﺎن ذﻛﺮ اﺳﺖ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﺮاز‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ و ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ‪ Quality Carbon Asset AG‬ﺳﻮﺋﻴﺲ اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﮔﺬاري ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﺣﺪود ‪ 7‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن دﻻر در ﺑﺮ دارد‪.‬‬ ‫ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‬‫ﭘﺮوژه اﺣﺪاث ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ‪ 480‬ﻣﮕﺎوات ﺳﻴﺮﺟﺎن در ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ از ﺳﻮي‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎد ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ رﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﭘﺮوژه و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﻋﻘﺪ ﻗﺮارداد ﺑﺎ ﻧﻬﺎد ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ‪Korean Foundation‬‬ ‫)‪ ،for Quality (KFQ‬ﺳﻨﺪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﭘﺮوژه در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ و ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ‪ KFQ‬در روزﻫﺎي ‪ 14‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 16‬آﺑﺎن ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎزدﻳﺪ از ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﺮوژه‪ ،‬ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﺪارك و ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪات ﭘﺮوژه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ آﻧﺮا آﻏﺎز ﻧﻤﻮد‪ .‬اﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺎن در ‪ 11‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻴﺮﺟﺎن اﺣﺪاث ﻣﻴﺸﻮد و ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺣﺪود ‪ 640‬ﻫﺰار ﺗﻦ ﮔﺎز ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي )در‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺑﺮق ﻛﺸﻮر( ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ ﻓﺮوش و ﻛﺴﺐ درآﻣﺪ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻳﺮان‬‫ﭘﺲ از اﺧﺬ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ آﻣﻴﺰ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻳﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ در ﻛﺸﺖ و ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻴﺸﻜﺮ اﻣﻴﺮﻛﺒﻴﺮ و ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل‬ ‫آن در ﻛﺸﺖ و ﺻﻨﻌﺖ دﻋﺒﻞ ﺧﺰاﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ ﻫﻤﻜﺎر ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﺧﻮد‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ‪،Quality Carbon Assets AG‬‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮوش ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺎزار ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ اﻗﺪام ﻧﻤﻮده و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ارزي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ را ﺑﻪ اﻳﺮان ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﭙﻨﺎ از ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد‬‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﭙﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ )ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮي( ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﻗﺸﻢ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آن ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ واﮔﺬار ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮح ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ‪ 50‬ﻣﮕﺎوات ﺑﺮق و ‪ 18‬ﻫﺰار ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ آب در روز ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻃﻲ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎل آﻳﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ رﺳﻴﺪ و‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻣﻴﺰان ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر آن ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺪود ‪ 130‬ﻫﺰار ﺗﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﻏﺮب ﺗﻬﺮان‬‫ﺑﺪﻧﺒﺎل ﺷﺮوع ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ آﻣﻴﺰ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك در ﭘﺮوژه ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺎز و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت در‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺟﻨﻮب ﺗﻬﺮان‪ ،‬اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﻏﺮب ﺗﻬﺮان از ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻧﻴﺰ در‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻮر ﻛﺎر ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮح ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﻬﺮان در دو ﻓﺎز اﺟﺮا ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﻏﺮب ﺗﻬﺮان ﻃﺮح رﻳﺰي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺟﺮاي آن‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ از اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺣﺪود ‪ 150‬ﻫﺰار ﺗﻦ ﮔﺎز ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪.‬‬

‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ در ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎر "ﺣﺎﻣﻴﺎن زﻣﻴﻦ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و‬‫ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ" ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎر ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ‪ ،‬اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮان ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ اﺳﻼﻣﻲ و ﻛﻨﻔﺪراﺳﻴﻮن ﺻﻨﻌﺖ اﻳﺮان ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼع‬ ‫رﺳﺎﻧﻲ در ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻗﻠﻴﻢ و ﻫﻢ اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﭼﺎره اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻲ در ﺧﺼﻮص آن ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫در ﺿﻤﻦ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎر ﻳﻚ روزه ﻛﻪ ‪ 5‬اﺳﻔﻨﺪ ‪ 1391‬ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪ ،‬ﻛﺎرﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻼﻗﻤﻨﺪان در زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر‪ ،‬ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎزار و ‪ ....‬ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ از ﻣﺪﻳﺮان ﺳﺒﺰ‬‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺖ اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺳﺒﺰ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻗﺪرداﻧﻲ از ﻣﺪﻳﺮان ﺳﺒﺰ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺸﻲ در روز ‪ 3‬ﺑﻬﻤﻦ در ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺸﻬﺎي ﺻﺪا و ﺳﻴﻤﺎي‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﻲ اﻳﺮان ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪ .‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ در ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري اﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎرﮔﺎه ﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻲ اﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ را‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻧﻤﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي درﻳﺎﻓﺖ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﻋﺮض ﺧﻮﺷﺎﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻦ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ را ﮔﺮاﻣﻲ ﻣﻲ دارﻳﻢ‪ .‬اﻣﻴﺪوارﻳﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻧﻴﺮوي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺎرآﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ اراﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎن را ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫اﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﺮار اﺳﺖ؛‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ اﻟﻬﺎم ﺷﻴﺮدل‪ ،‬ﻓﻮق ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺷﻴﻤﻲ از داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻛﻼﮔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮق ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺮژي از داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮق ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺮژي از داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ‬

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Summary Results of the CDM Meetings >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

CDM Executive Board, 69th Meeting: Bangkok, Thailand, 13 September 2012 – CDM Board paves way for voluntary cancellation of certified emission reductions (EB 69) In a month that saw issuance of a milestone billionth certified emission reduction (CER), the Executive Board of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has taken a decision that could open up a new source of demand for the credits. Project participants and others engaged in the CDM will soon be able to voluntarily cancel their CERs into an account in the CDM registry at the UNFCCC secretariat in Bonn, Germany. This could encourage expanded use of CERs for voluntary emission reduction, such as by companies using credits as part of a social responsibility programme, by event organizers wanting to offset their emissions, or even by individuals wishing to reduce their carbon footprint. “The units created by the CDM are for use by countries with an emission reduction commitment under the Kyoto Protocol. Now, thanks to this decision, in time CERs could be readily available to virtually anyone,” said Board Chair Maosheng Duan. “Companies and many individuals are eager to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. Having access to CERs will help them to do that, with confidence, knowing that the units represent true emission reductions.” Also at its 69th meeting, the Board heard from the authors and received the final report of the HighLevel Panel on the CDM Policy Dialogue. The dialogue, conducted by a select, independent panel, was launched by the then Chair of the Board, Martin Hession, and the Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC, Christiana Figueres, last year at the International Climate Change Conference in Durban, South Africa. “The Board appreciates all of the hard work done by the high-level panel. The next step is to look closely at all of the recommendations,” said Mr. Duan. The Dialogue was launched to reflect on experience gained in implementing the CDM and recommend how to position the mechanism going forward. The 11-person panel engaged a wide range of stakeholders through meetings, visits and studies in coming up with its findings on the operations, experience, benefits and shortcomings of the CDM.

91 ‫ آﺑﺎن و آذر‬،‫ ﻣﻬﺮ‬-21 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬،‫ ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم‬،‫ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬

“These are independent recommendations based on extensive consultation and research,” said Mr. Hession, who is Vice-Chair of the Board. “They are challenging and I hope they generate the sort of informed debate the CDM deserves.” The Board at its meeting also concluded on two important procedures relating to the vetting of projects and their emission reductions, as well as an emissions baseline standard that will enhance consistency, objectivity and predictability in the development of the methodologies that underpin CDM projects. The so-called significant deficiencies procedures, which are destined for consideration by the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol in Doha, Qatar, later this year, set out the possible consequences if the work of a project validator or emissions verifier results in excess issuances of credits. The other procedures, on materiality, set out how validators and verifiers can determine the relative importance of the information considered in a validation or verification, and prioritize the vetting process accordingly. The Board also gave guidance on how changes to global warming potential (GWP) measurements by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, taking effect at the beginning of 2013, will affect project participants and co-ordinating/managing entities (CMEs). The Board agreed to initiate a work programme to elaborate on the effects and communicate the results, so that project participants and CMEs can plan accordingly. For the full report of the meeting see http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/index.html. For further information contact CDM-press@unfccc.int. About the Kyoto Protocol’s clean development mechanism The CDM allows emission-reduction projects in developing countries to earn certified emission reduction (CER) credits, each equivalent to one tonne of CO2. CERs can be traded and sold, and used by industrialized countries to meet a part of their targets under the Protocol. The CDM assists countries in achieving sustainable development and emission reductions, while giving industrialized countries some flexibility in how they meet their emission targets. CDM factoids 13.09.2012 4602 1736 1,003,277,511 > 8400

Number of projects registered Number of projects with CERs issued CERs issued to date Projects in pipeline (Includes all projects from validation stage; includes registered projects)

Top five countries by number of projects registered China 2316 India 890 Brazil 211 Mexico 144 Viet Nam 140 Top five countries by CERs (Expected average annual CERs from registered projects) China 415,696,828 India 70,137,683 Brazil 24,929,011 Republic of Korea 19,481,151 Mexico 12,694,175

- Methodologies Panel fifty-eighth meeting (MP WG58) Date of meeting: 15 to 19 October 2012 Bonn, Germany Conclusion of the meeting The Meth Panel dealt with methodology and case specific issues, including submissions of methodologies and standardized baselines received by the deadlines specified in the last report, and made recommendations to the Board, in line with the 2012 workplan of the Meth Panel. The Meth Panel adopted the report and concluded its 58th meeting. The report and annexes will be available on the UNFCCC website.

- Thirty-ninth meeting of the Small-Scale Working Group (SSC WG39) Date of meeting: 9 to 12 October 2012 Bonn, Germany The SSC WG recommended that the Board take note that: (a) The SSC WG continued to analyse how to address the graduation of the approved positive list of technologies and agreed to continue the work at its next meeting. The work is being carried out in response to the request by the Board at its sixty-eighth meeting to analyse options to determine when the technologies included in the positive list will graduate to become mature technologies warranting a revision of the positive list. The SSC WG also agreed to seek input from external experts with scope of work covering the possibility of broadening the current positive list of technologies; (b) In response to the request by the Board at its sixty-ninth meeting, consultation was held on the draft guidelines for the determination of baseline and additionality thresholds for standardized baselines using the performancepenetration approach and the SSC WG provided feedback to the secretariat. Policy issues The SSC WG recommended that the Board take note that the SSC WG initiated an analysis of existing PoA provisions in SSC methodologies and agreed to continue the work at its next meeting. The analysis is being carried out in response to the guidance by the Board at its sixty-seventh meeting, that approved methodologies are eligible for application in a PoA irrespective of whether it includes guidance on how to translate the relevant requirements into eligibility criteria (EB 67 report, para. 97). Adoption of the report The SSC WG adopted the report and concluded its 39th meeting. The report and its annexes will be made available on the UNFCCC website.

- Afforestation and Reforestation Working- Group thirty-seventh meeting (AR WG37) Date of meeting: 29 to 31 October 2012 Bonn, Germany Calls for public input The A/R WG considered the responses to the call for public inputs, and the clarifications provided by the World Bank and Det Norske Veritas (DNV) upon the request from the secretariat as a follow-up to the inputs, submitted in response to the call for public inputs (open 23 July to 22 August 2012) on the draft revised tool "Estimation of carbon stocks and change in carbon stocks of trees and shrubs in A/R CDM project activities”. Conclusion of the meeting The A/R WG dealt with methodology and case specific issues, including submissions of methodologies received by the deadlines specified in the last report, and made recommendations to the Board, in line with the 2012 workplan of the A/R WG. The A/R WG adopted the report and concluded its 37th meeting. The report and annexes will be available on the UNFCCC website.

Other News: >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

High-level panel releases large body of research on CDM

Bonn, 31 October 2012- The results of an extensive research programme on the Kyoto Protocol's CDM have been released by the high-level panel on the CDM Policy Dialogue. http://cdm.unfccc.int/about/policy/index.html

UNFCCC and IGES collaborate to address climate change

Bonn, 23 October 2012 - The UNFCCC and the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) based in Japan, recently established a framework of cooperation to address global climate change issues. Under the framework, the two organizations will collaborate on database development, research, regional events, publications and other initiatives.

UNFCCC forges first-of-kind partnership to assist development of CDM projects

Bonn, 16 October 2012 - In an effort to bring the benefits of the Kyoto Protocol's CDM to currently underrepresented countries, the UNFCCC, in collaboration with the Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement, has established a CDM support office in Lomé, Togo to help the region engage in the development of CDM projects. http://cdm.unfccc.int/press/index_html

New videos: local farmers realize benefits of CDM reforestation project

Bonn, 15 October 2012 - Two short videos featuring project participants in the Humbo Ethiopia Assisted Natural Regeneration Project (CDM Project 2712) are now available for viewing online. The Humbo project has just become the first forest regeneration project in Africa to receive carbon credits under the CDM.

UNFCCC head calls for global carbon market collaboration

Washington D.C. , 2 October 2012 - Global carbon markets need to be linked for security and fungability as part of a larger climate mitigation strategy, Christiana Figueres told an audience in Washington D.C. Her remarks were part of her keynote speech at the Carbon Forum North America that opened on Monday. http://unfccc.int/files/press/statements/application/pdf/20121001_carbon_forum_north_ameri ca.pdf

CDM Board paves way for voluntary cancellation of CERs

Bangkok, 13 September 2012 - In a month that saw issuance of a milestone billionth certified emission reduction (CER), the Executive Board of the CDM has taken a decision that could open up a new source of demand for the credits. http://cdm.unfccc.int/press/index_html

Kyoto Protocol’s clean development mechanism registers 5,000th project

15 November 2012-Bonn, Germany The Kyoto Protocol's clean development mechanism (CDM), the international market-based tool that incentivizes greenhouse gas emission reduction projects in developing countries, has registered its 5,000th project.

Prepared by: Mehr Renewable Energy Co Colleagues: Adel Partovi Mohammad Sadegh Ahadi Mahtab Sadeghi Hariri Mina Kolagar Nasrin Almasi

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