WhatarethecausesofincreasingSGOTandSGPTlevels?
By Dr.KKAggarwal
WhatarethecausesofincreasingSGOTandSGPT levels?
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Ansehenauf
SGOTandSGPTaretwoimportanttestsusedinthemedicalfieldtoassessthe functioning of the liver SGOT and SGPT stand for Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic TransaminaseandSerumGlutamicPyruvicTransaminase,respectivelyTheyarealso knownasAST(AspartateTransaminase)andALT(AlanineTransaminase).These testsmeasurethelevelsoftwoenzymesthatarefoundinthebody;SGOTispresent intheheart,skeletalmuscles,andkidneys,whileSGPTisfoundintheliver
ClinicalSignificanceofSGOTandSGPTTests
Theliverisanessentialorganofthehumanbody,playingapivotalpartinthe metabolicprocess.Itsprimaryfunctionistodetoxifythebloodbyprocessingand filteringoutharmfulwasteproducts.Thisisachievedthroughtheproductionand secretionofseveraltypesofenzymes,whichensurethatthisprocessrunssmoothly andefficiently
SGPTandSGOTaretwoofthemostcommontypesofliverenzymes.Whentheliver isdamagedorinflamed,thelevelsofbothSGOTandSGPTenzymesintheblood increase,disruptingthenormalbalance.Thesemarkerscanhelpdiagnoseavarietyof liverdiseases,includinghepatitis,cirrhosis,livercancer,andotherconditionsthat causethelivertomalfunction.Itisalsousedtomonitortheeffectivenessofcertain medicationsortreatmentsforliverdiseases.
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RangeandCausesofElevatedSGOTandSGPTLevels
ThetypicalrangeofSGPTandSGOTintheserumofapatientshouldnormallyremain between 7-56 units/liter and 8-45 units/liter, respectively Nevertheless, any level beyond56units/literforSGPTand50units/literformenor45units/literforwomen forSGOTshouldbedeemedasacauseforseriousconcern,suggestingthepresence ofachronicunderlyingcondition.
ElevatedSGPTandSGOTlevelsareoftenindicativeofliverdamageduetoconditions suchas-
• Acuteviralhepatitis
•Alcoholicliverdisease
• Non-alcoholicfattyliverdisease
• Cirrhosis
• Livercancer
Other clinical conditions such as kidney disease, celiac disease (Autoimmune disorder), myocardial infarction (heart attack), diabetes, obesity, infectious mononucleosis (Glandular fever caused by Epstein-Barr virus), cholecystitis (Gallbladder inflammation), dermatomyositis (Inflammation of skin and muscles), pancreatitis,etc.canalsoleadtoSGOT/SGPTimbalance.
In addition, other factors such as alcohol abuse, certain medications, strenuous exercise,ormuscledamagecouldalsobethecauseofhighlevels.
Therefore,itisessentialtoconsultwithahealthcareproviderinordertodeterminethe underlyingcauseandreceiveappropriatetreatment.Additionally,regularmonitoring ofliverenzymescanhelptodetectliverdiseaseearlyandpreventlong-termdamage.
SymptomsofHighSGOT&SGPTLevels
In most cases, elevated SGOT and SGPT levels may not cause any noticeable symptoms;however,somepeoplemayexperiencemildsymptomssuchas–
•Constantfatigueandtiredness
•NauseaandVomiting
•Abdominaldiscomfort
•Bruisingquickly
Inmoreseverecases,liverdiseasecancausesymptomssuchas–
•Jaundice
•breathlessness
•Swellinginthelegandabdomen
•Darkcoloredurine
•Palestools
Experiencing any symptoms is an indication that you should seek medical help immediately IftestsrevealelevatedlevelsofSGOTandSGPT,yourphysicianwill decidetoproceedwithfurthertestingorstartthenecessarytreatment.
HowaretheSGPT&SGOTBloodtestsperformed?
SGPT&SGOTBloodtestisapainlessprocedurethatisperformedbyobtaininga sampleofbloodfromaveininthearm.Thesampleisthensenttoalaboratoryfor analysis.TheresultsoftheanalysisareexpressedasaratioofSGOTtoSGPT,which iscalledtheAST/ALTratio.Thenormalratioisbetween0.8and1.2.Aratiohigher than1.2suggeststhattheliverisinflamedordamaged,whilealowerratiocould indicateaninfectionoraproblemwiththeheartorkidneys.Insomecases,doctors mayusetheresultsoftheSGOTandSGPTtestsalongwithotherteststodiagnose specificconditions.Forexample,ifthelevelsofbothenzymesarehigh,thedoctor mayorderadditionalteststocheckforhepatitis.Iftheresultsoftheadditionaltests arepositive,thenthepatientmaybediagnosedwithhepatitis
Itdoesnotrequireanyspecialpreparationandtypicallytakesonlyfiveminutesto complete.Yourdoctormayrecommendthistesttoanalyzeyourliverfunctionand ruleoutanypossiblecomplications.
SGOTandSGPTtestsaregenerallysafe,buttheycanoccasionallycausesideeffects. Thesemayincludeslightdiscomfortorbruisingatthesiteoftheinjectionorblood drawPatientsmayalsoexperiencedizziness,fatigue,ornauseaafterhavingthetest. Inrarecases,thepatientmayexperienceexcessivebleedingatthepuncturesite, hematomaorclottedbloodunderneaththeskin,orinfection.
Thereareafewlifestylehabitsthatcankeepyourliverandbodyinahealthierstate.
SwitchtoHealthyEatingHabits
•IncreaseVitaminDintakeinyourdiet:VitaminDhelpsinpreventinganydamage happeningtotheliveranddecreasestheSGPTlevels Oranges,mushrooms,soy milk,apples,fortifiedcereals,tofu,eggs,dairyproducts,oysters,codliveroil,and greenleafyvegetablesareexcellentsourcesofvitaminD
•Eatanutritiousdiet:Organicandplant-baseddietsarethebestforyourliver function.Avoidexcessivesaltandsodium-richfoods.
•Eatmorevegetablesandfruits:Fruitsandvegetablesthatarehighinantioxidants, suchaspapaya,kiwi,pomegranate,carrot,spinach,bellpepper,etc.,aregoodfor theliver
•Avoidfriedandjunkfoods:Trytoavoideatingdeep-friedfoodsandjunkfood suchaspizza,burgers,etc.Also,trytostayfromchicken,meat,pork,cheese, carbonateddrinks,bacon,andbutter
•Limitalcoholandquitsmoking:Alcoholisthemostdangerousthingfortheliver Consumingexcessivealcoholcanproducetoxinsanddamagetheliverraisingthe SGOTandSGPTlevelsinyourblood.Also,quitsmokingasitcanalsocause damage.
Don’tself-medicate
Absorbingmedicinesistoostressfulontheliver;therefore,havingmedicationsthat arenotprescribedbyaqualifieddoctorcandomoreharmtotheliver
ExerciseRegularly
Doingregularexerciseisessentialformaintainingahealthyliver Itdecreasesthe stressontheliverandalsoincreasesenergylevels.Exercisehelpsinpreventing obesity,whichisoneoftheriskfactorsforliverdiseases
Regularhealthcheck-ups
Goforregularhealthcheck-ups,asliverdysfunctionsdonotalwaysshowsymptoms. Don’twaitfortoolongforsymptomstooccur Routinepreventivescreeningisone waytoknowiftheliverisfunctioningcorrectly HighSGPTorSGOTisusuallyan indicationoflivercellinjury
Onafinalnote,implementingthesehealthylifestylemodificationswithahealthydiet isthebestresolutiontolowerSGPTandSGOTlevels
Dr.KKAggarwal
RecipientofPadmaShri,VishwaHindiSamman,National ScienceCommunicationAwardandDrBCRoyNationalAward, DrAggarwalisaphysician,cardiologist,spiritualwriterand motivationalspeaker.HewasthePastPresidentoftheIndian MedicalAssociationandPresidentofHeartCareFoundationof India.HewasalsotheEditorinChiefoftheIJCPGroup, MedtalksandeMediNexus MoreFAQsbyDr.KKAggarwal
Medtalks is India's fastest growing Healthcare Learning and Patient Education Platform designedanddevelopedtohelpdoctorsandothermedicalprofessionalstocatereducational andtrainingneedsandtodiscover,discussandlearnthelatestandbestpracticesacross 100+medicalspecialties.AlsofindIndiaHealthcareLatestHealthNews&Updatesonthe IndiaHealthcareatMedtalks
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